flwr 1.21.0__py3-none-any.whl → 1.23.0__py3-none-any.whl

flwr/serverapp/strategy/fedprox.py

@@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
+# Copyright 2025 Flower Labs GmbH. All Rights Reserved.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+# ==============================================================================
+"""Federated Optimization (FedProx) [Li et al., 2018] strategy.
+
+Paper: arxiv.org/abs/1812.06127
+"""
+
+
+from collections.abc import Iterable
+from logging import INFO, WARN
+from typing import Callable, Optional
+
+from flwr.common import (
+    ArrayRecord,
+    ConfigRecord,
+    Message,
+    MetricRecord,
+    RecordDict,
+    log,
+)
+from flwr.server import Grid
+
+from .fedavg import FedAvg
+
+
+class FedProx(FedAvg):
+    r"""Federated Optimization strategy.
+
+    Implementation based on https://arxiv.org/abs/1812.06127
+
+    FedProx extends FedAvg by introducing a proximal term into the client-side
+    optimization objective. The strategy itself behaves identically to FedAvg
+    on the server side, but each client **MUST** add a proximal regularization
+    term to its local loss function during training:
+
+    .. math::
+        \frac{\mu}{2} || w - w^t ||^2
+
+    Where $w^t$ denotes the global parameters and $w$ denotes the local weights
+    being optimized.
+
+    This strategy sends the proximal term inside the ``ConfigRecord`` as part of the
+    ``configure_train`` method under key ``"proximal-mu"``. The client can then use this
+    value to add the proximal term to the loss function.
+
+    In PyTorch, for example, the loss would go from:
+
+    .. code:: python
+        loss = criterion(net(inputs), labels)
+
+    To:
+
+    .. code:: python
+        # Get proximal term weight from message
+        mu = msg.content["config"]["proximal-mu"]
+
+        # Compute proximal term
+        proximal_term = 0.0
+        for local_weights, global_weights in zip(net.parameters(), global_params):
+            proximal_term += (local_weights - global_weights).norm(2)
+
+        # Update loss
+        loss = criterion(net(inputs), labels) + (mu / 2) * proximal_term
+
+    With ``global_params`` being a copy of the model parameters, created **after**
+    applying the received global weights but **before** local training begins.
+
+    .. code:: python
+        global_params = copy.deepcopy(net).parameters()
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    fraction_train : float (default: 1.0)
+        Fraction of nodes used during training. In case `min_train_nodes`
+        is larger than `fraction_train * total_connected_nodes`, `min_train_nodes`
+        will still be sampled.
+    fraction_evaluate : float (default: 1.0)
+        Fraction of nodes used during validation. In case `min_evaluate_nodes`
+        is larger than `fraction_evaluate * total_connected_nodes`,
+        `min_evaluate_nodes` will still be sampled.
+    min_train_nodes : int (default: 2)
+        Minimum number of nodes used during training.
+    min_evaluate_nodes : int (default: 2)
+        Minimum number of nodes used during validation.
+    min_available_nodes : int (default: 2)
+        Minimum number of total nodes in the system.
+    weighted_by_key : str (default: "num-examples")
+        The key within each MetricRecord whose value is used as the weight when
+        computing weighted averages for both ArrayRecords and MetricRecords.
+    arrayrecord_key : str (default: "arrays")
+        Key used to store the ArrayRecord when constructing Messages.
+    configrecord_key : str (default: "config")
+        Key used to store the ConfigRecord when constructing Messages.
+    train_metrics_aggr_fn : Optional[callable] (default: None)
+        Function with signature (list[RecordDict], str) -> MetricRecord,
+        used to aggregate MetricRecords from training round replies.
+        If `None`, defaults to `aggregate_metricrecords`, which performs a weighted
+        average using the provided weight factor key.
+    evaluate_metrics_aggr_fn : Optional[callable] (default: None)
+        Function with signature (list[RecordDict], str) -> MetricRecord,
+        used to aggregate MetricRecords from training round replies.
+        If `None`, defaults to `aggregate_metricrecords`, which performs a weighted
+        average using the provided weight factor key.
+    proximal_mu : float (default: 0.0)
+        The weight of the proximal term used in the optimization. 0.0 makes
+        this strategy equivalent to FedAvg, and the higher the coefficient, the more
+        regularization will be used (that is, the client parameters will need to be
+        closer to the server parameters during training).
+    """
+
+    def __init__(  # pylint: disable=R0913, R0917
+        self,
+        fraction_train: float = 1.0,
+        fraction_evaluate: float = 1.0,
+        min_train_nodes: int = 2,
+        min_evaluate_nodes: int = 2,
+        min_available_nodes: int = 2,
+        weighted_by_key: str = "num-examples",
+        arrayrecord_key: str = "arrays",
+        configrecord_key: str = "config",
+        train_metrics_aggr_fn: Optional[
+            Callable[[list[RecordDict], str], MetricRecord]
+        ] = None,
+        evaluate_metrics_aggr_fn: Optional[
+            Callable[[list[RecordDict], str], MetricRecord]
+        ] = None,
+        proximal_mu: float = 0.0,
+    ) -> None:
+        super().__init__(
+            fraction_train=fraction_train,
+            fraction_evaluate=fraction_evaluate,
+            min_train_nodes=min_train_nodes,
+            min_evaluate_nodes=min_evaluate_nodes,
+            min_available_nodes=min_available_nodes,
+            weighted_by_key=weighted_by_key,
+            arrayrecord_key=arrayrecord_key,
+            configrecord_key=configrecord_key,
+            train_metrics_aggr_fn=train_metrics_aggr_fn,
+            evaluate_metrics_aggr_fn=evaluate_metrics_aggr_fn,
+        )
+        self.proximal_mu = proximal_mu
+
+        if self.proximal_mu == 0.0:
+            log(
+                WARN,
+                "FedProx initialized with `proximal_mu=0.0`. "
+                "This makes the strategy equivalent to FedAvg.",
+            )
+
+    def summary(self) -> None:
+        """Log summary configuration of the strategy."""
+        log(INFO, "\t├──> FedProx settings:")
+        log(INFO, "\t│\t└── Proximal mu: %s", self.proximal_mu)
+        super().summary()
+
+    def configure_train(
+        self, server_round: int, arrays: ArrayRecord, config: ConfigRecord, grid: Grid
+    ) -> Iterable[Message]:
+        """Configure the next round of federated training."""
+        # Inject proximal term weight into config
+        config["proximal-mu"] = self.proximal_mu
+        return super().configure_train(server_round, arrays, config, grid)

flwr/serverapp/strategy/fedtrimmedavg.py

@@ -0,0 +1,176 @@
+# Copyright 2025 Flower Labs GmbH. All Rights Reserved.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+# ==============================================================================
+"""Federated Averaging with Trimmed Mean [Dong Yin, et al., 2021].
+
+Paper: arxiv.org/abs/1803.01498
+"""
+
+
+from collections.abc import Iterable
+from logging import INFO
+from typing import Callable, Optional, cast
+
+import numpy as np
+
+from flwr.common import Array, ArrayRecord, Message, MetricRecord, NDArray, RecordDict
+from flwr.common.logger import log
+
+from ..exception import AggregationError
+from .fedavg import FedAvg
+
+
+class FedTrimmedAvg(FedAvg):
+    """Federated Averaging with Trimmed Mean [Dong Yin, et al., 2021].
+
+    Implemented based on: https://arxiv.org/abs/1803.01498
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    fraction_train : float (default: 1.0)
+        Fraction of nodes used during training. In case `min_train_nodes`
+        is larger than `fraction_train * total_connected_nodes`, `min_train_nodes`
+        will still be sampled.
+    fraction_evaluate : float (default: 1.0)
+        Fraction of nodes used during validation. In case `min_evaluate_nodes`
+        is larger than `fraction_evaluate * total_connected_nodes`,
+        `min_evaluate_nodes` will still be sampled.
+    min_train_nodes : int (default: 2)
+        Minimum number of nodes used during training.
+    min_evaluate_nodes : int (default: 2)
+        Minimum number of nodes used during validation.
+    min_available_nodes : int (default: 2)
+        Minimum number of total nodes in the system.
+    weighted_by_key : str (default: "num-examples")
+        The key within each MetricRecord whose value is used as the weight when
+        computing weighted averages for both ArrayRecords and MetricRecords.
+    arrayrecord_key : str (default: "arrays")
+        Key used to store the ArrayRecord when constructing Messages.
+    configrecord_key : str (default: "config")
+        Key used to store the ConfigRecord when constructing Messages.
+    train_metrics_aggr_fn : Optional[callable] (default: None)
+        Function with signature (list[RecordDict], str) -> MetricRecord,
+        used to aggregate MetricRecords from training round replies.
+        If `None`, defaults to `aggregate_metricrecords`, which performs a weighted
+        average using the provided weight factor key.
+    evaluate_metrics_aggr_fn : Optional[callable] (default: None)
+        Function with signature (list[RecordDict], str) -> MetricRecord,
+        used to aggregate MetricRecords from training round replies.
+        If `None`, defaults to `aggregate_metricrecords`, which performs a weighted
+        average using the provided weight factor key.
+    beta : float (default: 0.2)
+        Fraction to cut off of both tails of the distribution.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(  # pylint: disable=R0913, R0917
+        self,
+        fraction_train: float = 1.0,
+        fraction_evaluate: float = 1.0,
+        min_train_nodes: int = 2,
+        min_evaluate_nodes: int = 2,
+        min_available_nodes: int = 2,
+        weighted_by_key: str = "num-examples",
+        arrayrecord_key: str = "arrays",
+        configrecord_key: str = "config",
+        train_metrics_aggr_fn: Optional[
+            Callable[[list[RecordDict], str], MetricRecord]
+        ] = None,
+        evaluate_metrics_aggr_fn: Optional[
+            Callable[[list[RecordDict], str], MetricRecord]
+        ] = None,
+        beta: float = 0.2,
+    ) -> None:
+        super().__init__(
+            fraction_train=fraction_train,
+            fraction_evaluate=fraction_evaluate,
+            min_train_nodes=min_train_nodes,
+            min_evaluate_nodes=min_evaluate_nodes,
+            min_available_nodes=min_available_nodes,
+            weighted_by_key=weighted_by_key,
+            arrayrecord_key=arrayrecord_key,
+            configrecord_key=configrecord_key,
+            train_metrics_aggr_fn=train_metrics_aggr_fn,
+            evaluate_metrics_aggr_fn=evaluate_metrics_aggr_fn,
+        )
+        self.beta = beta
+
+    def summary(self) -> None:
+        """Log summary configuration of the strategy."""
+        log(INFO, "\t├──> FedTrimmedAvg settings:")
+        log(INFO, "\t│\t└── beta: %s", self.beta)
+        super().summary()
+
+    def aggregate_train(
+        self,
+        server_round: int,
+        replies: Iterable[Message],
+    ) -> tuple[Optional[ArrayRecord], Optional[MetricRecord]]:
+        """Aggregate ArrayRecords and MetricRecords in the received Messages."""
+        # Call FedAvg aggregate_train to perform validation and aggregation
+        valid_replies, _ = self._check_and_log_replies(replies, is_train=True)
+
+        if not valid_replies:
+            return None, None
+
+        # Aggregate ArrayRecords using trimmed mean
+        # Get the key for the only ArrayRecord from the first Message
+        record_key = list(valid_replies[0].content.array_records.keys())[0]
+        # Preserve keys for arrays in ArrayRecord
+        array_keys = list(valid_replies[0].content[record_key].keys())
+
+        # Compute trimmed mean for each layer and construct ArrayRecord
+        arrays = ArrayRecord()
+        for array_key in array_keys:
+            # Get the corresponding layer from each client
+            layers = [
+                cast(ArrayRecord, msg.content[record_key]).pop(array_key).numpy()
+                for msg in valid_replies
+            ]
+            # Compute trimmed mean and save as Array in ArrayRecord
+            try:
+                arrays[array_key] = Array(trim_mean(np.stack(layers), self.beta))
+            except ValueError as e:
+                raise AggregationError(
+                    f"Trimmed mean could not be computed. "
+                    f"Likely cause: beta={self.beta} is too large."
+                ) from e
+
+        # Aggregate MetricRecords
+        metrics = self.train_metrics_aggr_fn(
+            [msg.content for msg in valid_replies],
+            self.weighted_by_key,
+        )
+        return arrays, metrics
+
+
+def trim_mean(array: NDArray, cut_fraction: float) -> NDArray:
+    """Compute trimmed mean along axis=0.
+
+    It is based on the scipy implementation:
+
+    https://docs.scipy.org/doc/scipy/reference/generated/scipy.stats.trim_mean.html
+    """
+    axis = 0
+    nobs = array.shape[0]
+    lowercut = int(cut_fraction * nobs)
+    uppercut = nobs - lowercut
+    if lowercut > uppercut:
+        raise ValueError("Fraction too big.")
+
+    atmp = np.partition(array, (lowercut, uppercut - 1), axis)
+
+    slice_list = [slice(None)] * atmp.ndim
+    slice_list[axis] = slice(lowercut, uppercut)
+    result: NDArray = np.mean(atmp[tuple(slice_list)], axis=axis)
+    return result

flwr/serverapp/strategy/fedxgb_bagging.py

@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+# Copyright 2025 Flower Labs GmbH. All Rights Reserved.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+# ==============================================================================
+"""Flower message-based FedXgbBagging strategy."""
+from collections.abc import Iterable
+from typing import Optional, cast
+
+import numpy as np
+
+from flwr.common import ArrayRecord, ConfigRecord, Message, MetricRecord
+from flwr.server import Grid
+
+from ..exception import InconsistentMessageReplies
+from .fedavg import FedAvg
+from .strategy_utils import aggregate_bagging
+
+
+# pylint: disable=line-too-long
+class FedXgbBagging(FedAvg):
+    """Configurable FedXgbBagging strategy implementation.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    fraction_train : float (default: 1.0)
+        Fraction of nodes used during training. In case `min_train_nodes`
+        is larger than `fraction_train * total_connected_nodes`, `min_train_nodes`
+        will still be sampled.
+    fraction_evaluate : float (default: 1.0)
+        Fraction of nodes used during validation. In case `min_evaluate_nodes`
+        is larger than `fraction_evaluate * total_connected_nodes`,
+        `min_evaluate_nodes` will still be sampled.
+    min_train_nodes : int (default: 2)
+        Minimum number of nodes used during training.
+    min_evaluate_nodes : int (default: 2)
+        Minimum number of nodes used during validation.
+    min_available_nodes : int (default: 2)
+        Minimum number of total nodes in the system.
+    weighted_by_key : str (default: "num-examples")
+        The key within each MetricRecord whose value is used as the weight when
+        computing weighted averages for MetricRecords.
+    arrayrecord_key : str (default: "arrays")
+        Key used to store the ArrayRecord when constructing Messages.
+    configrecord_key : str (default: "config")
+        Key used to store the ConfigRecord when constructing Messages.
+    train_metrics_aggr_fn : Optional[callable] (default: None)
+        Function with signature (list[RecordDict], str) -> MetricRecord,
+        used to aggregate MetricRecords from training round replies.
+        If `None`, defaults to `aggregate_metricrecords`, which performs a weighted
+        average using the provided weight factor key.
+    evaluate_metrics_aggr_fn : Optional[callable] (default: None)
+        Function with signature (list[RecordDict], str) -> MetricRecord,
+        used to aggregate MetricRecords from training round replies.
+        If `None`, defaults to `aggregate_metricrecords`, which performs a weighted
+        average using the provided weight factor key.
+    """
+
+    current_bst: Optional[bytes] = None
+
+    def _ensure_single_array(self, arrays: ArrayRecord) -> None:
+        """Check that ensures there's only one Array in the ArrayRecord."""
+        n = len(arrays)
+        if n != 1:
+            raise InconsistentMessageReplies(
+                reason="Expected exactly one Array in ArrayRecord. "
+                "Skipping aggregation."
+            )
+
+    def configure_train(
+        self, server_round: int, arrays: ArrayRecord, config: ConfigRecord, grid: Grid
+    ) -> Iterable[Message]:
+        """Configure the next round of federated training."""
+        self._ensure_single_array(arrays)
+        # Keep track of array record being communicated
+        self.current_bst = arrays["0"].numpy().tobytes()
+        return super().configure_train(server_round, arrays, config, grid)
+
+    def aggregate_train(
+        self,
+        server_round: int,
+        replies: Iterable[Message],
+    ) -> tuple[Optional[ArrayRecord], Optional[MetricRecord]]:
+        """Aggregate ArrayRecords and MetricRecords in the received Messages."""
+        valid_replies, _ = self._check_and_log_replies(replies, is_train=True)
+
+        arrays, metrics = None, None
+        if valid_replies:
+            reply_contents = [msg.content for msg in valid_replies]
+            array_record_key = next(iter(reply_contents[0].array_records.keys()))
+
+            # Aggregate ArrayRecords
+            for content in reply_contents:
+                self._ensure_single_array(cast(ArrayRecord, content[array_record_key]))
+                bst = content[array_record_key]["0"].numpy().tobytes()  # type: ignore[union-attr]
+
+                if self.current_bst is not None:
+                    self.current_bst = aggregate_bagging(self.current_bst, bst)
+
+            if self.current_bst is not None:
+                arrays = ArrayRecord([np.frombuffer(self.current_bst, dtype=np.uint8)])
+
+            # Aggregate MetricRecords
+            metrics = self.train_metrics_aggr_fn(
+                reply_contents,
+                self.weighted_by_key,
+            )
+        return arrays, metrics

flwr/serverapp/strategy/fedxgb_cyclic.py

@@ -0,0 +1,220 @@
+# Copyright 2025 Flower Labs GmbH. All Rights Reserved.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+# ==============================================================================
+"""Flower message-based FedXgbCyclic strategy."""
+
+
+from collections.abc import Iterable
+from logging import INFO
+from typing import Callable, Optional, cast
+
+from flwr.common import (
+    ArrayRecord,
+    ConfigRecord,
+    Message,
+    MessageType,
+    MetricRecord,
+    RecordDict,
+    log,
+)
+from flwr.server import Grid
+
+from .fedavg import FedAvg
+from .strategy_utils import sample_nodes
+
+
+# pylint: disable=line-too-long
+class FedXgbCyclic(FedAvg):
+    """Configurable FedXgbCyclic strategy implementation.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    fraction_train : float (default: 1.0)
+        Fraction of nodes used during training. In case `min_train_nodes`
+        is larger than `fraction_train * total_connected_nodes`, `min_train_nodes`
+        will still be sampled.
+    fraction_evaluate : float (default: 1.0)
+        Fraction of nodes used during validation. In case `min_evaluate_nodes`
+        is larger than `fraction_evaluate * total_connected_nodes`,
+        `min_evaluate_nodes` will still be sampled.
+    min_available_nodes : int (default: 2)
+        Minimum number of total nodes in the system.
+    weighted_by_key : str (default: "num-examples")
+        The key within each MetricRecord whose value is used as the weight when
+        computing weighted averages for MetricRecords.
+    arrayrecord_key : str (default: "arrays")
+        Key used to store the ArrayRecord when constructing Messages.
+    configrecord_key : str (default: "config")
+        Key used to store the ConfigRecord when constructing Messages.
+    train_metrics_aggr_fn : Optional[callable] (default: None)
+        Function with signature (list[RecordDict], str) -> MetricRecord,
+        used to aggregate MetricRecords from training round replies.
+        If `None`, defaults to `aggregate_metricrecords`, which performs a weighted
+        average using the provided weight factor key.
+    evaluate_metrics_aggr_fn : Optional[callable] (default: None)
+        Function with signature (list[RecordDict], str) -> MetricRecord,
+        used to aggregate MetricRecords from training round replies.
+        If `None`, defaults to `aggregate_metricrecords`, which performs a weighted
+        average using the provided weight factor key.
+    """
+
+    # pylint: disable=too-many-arguments,too-many-positional-arguments
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        fraction_train: float = 1.0,
+        fraction_evaluate: float = 1.0,
+        min_available_nodes: int = 2,
+        weighted_by_key: str = "num-examples",
+        arrayrecord_key: str = "arrays",
+        configrecord_key: str = "config",
+        train_metrics_aggr_fn: Optional[
+            Callable[[list[RecordDict], str], MetricRecord]
+        ] = None,
+        evaluate_metrics_aggr_fn: Optional[
+            Callable[[list[RecordDict], str], MetricRecord]
+        ] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        super().__init__(
+            fraction_train=fraction_train,
+            fraction_evaluate=fraction_evaluate,
+            min_train_nodes=2,
+            min_evaluate_nodes=2,
+            min_available_nodes=min_available_nodes,
+            weighted_by_key=weighted_by_key,
+            arrayrecord_key=arrayrecord_key,
+            configrecord_key=configrecord_key,
+            train_metrics_aggr_fn=train_metrics_aggr_fn,
+            evaluate_metrics_aggr_fn=evaluate_metrics_aggr_fn,
+        )
+
+        self.registered_nodes: dict[int, int] = {}
+
+        if fraction_train not in (0.0, 1.0):
+            raise ValueError(
+                "fraction_train can only be set to 1.0 or 0.0 for FedXgbCyclic."
+            )
+        if fraction_evaluate not in (0.0, 1.0):
+            raise ValueError(
+                "fraction_evaluate can only be set to 1.0 or 0.0 for FedXgbCyclic."
+            )
+
+    def _reorder_nodes(self, node_ids: list[int]) -> list[int]:
+        """Re-order node ids based on registered nodes.
+
+        Each node ID is assigned a persistent index in `self.registered_nodes`
+        the first time it appears. The input list is then reordered according
+        to these stored indices, and the result is compacted into ascending
+        order (1..N) for the current call.
+        """
+        # Assign new indices to unknown nodes
+        next_index = max(self.registered_nodes.values(), default=0) + 1
+        for nid in node_ids:
+            if nid not in self.registered_nodes:
+                self.registered_nodes[nid] = next_index
+                next_index += 1
+
+        # Sort node_ids by their stored indices
+        sorted_by_index = sorted(node_ids, key=lambda x: self.registered_nodes[x])
+
+        # Compact re-map of indices just for this output list
+        unique_indices = sorted(self.registered_nodes[nid] for nid in sorted_by_index)
+        remap = {old: new for new, old in enumerate(unique_indices, start=1)}
+
+        # Build the result list ordered by compact indices
+        result_list = [
+            nid
+            for _, nid in sorted(
+                (remap[self.registered_nodes[nid]], nid) for nid in sorted_by_index
+            )
+        ]
+        return result_list
+
+    def _make_sampling(
+        self, grid: Grid, server_round: int, configure_type: str
+    ) -> list[int]:
+        """Sample nodes using the Grid."""
+        # Sample nodes
+        num_nodes = int(len(list(grid.get_node_ids())) * self.fraction_train)
+        sample_size = max(num_nodes, self.min_train_nodes)
+        node_ids, _ = sample_nodes(grid, self.min_available_nodes, sample_size)
+
+        # Re-order node_ids
+        node_ids = self._reorder_nodes(node_ids)
+
+        # Sample the clients sequentially given server_round
+        sampled_idx = (server_round - 1) % len(node_ids)
+        sampled_node_id = [node_ids[sampled_idx]]
+
+        log(
+            INFO,
+            f"{configure_type}: Sampled %s nodes (out of %s)",
+            len(sampled_node_id),
+            len(node_ids),
+        )
+        return sampled_node_id
+
+    def configure_train(
+        self, server_round: int, arrays: ArrayRecord, config: ConfigRecord, grid: Grid
+    ) -> Iterable[Message]:
+        """Configure the next round of federated training."""
+        # Sample one node
+        sampled_node_id = self._make_sampling(grid, server_round, "configure_train")
+
+        # Always inject current server round
+        config["server-round"] = server_round
+
+        # Construct messages
+        record = RecordDict(
+            {self.arrayrecord_key: arrays, self.configrecord_key: config}
+        )
+        return self._construct_messages(record, sampled_node_id, MessageType.TRAIN)
+
+    def aggregate_train(
+        self,
+        server_round: int,
+        replies: Iterable[Message],
+    ) -> tuple[Optional[ArrayRecord], Optional[MetricRecord]]:
+        """Aggregate ArrayRecords and MetricRecords in the received Messages."""
+        valid_replies, _ = self._check_and_log_replies(replies, is_train=True)
+
+        arrays, metrics = None, None
+        if valid_replies:
+            reply_contents = [msg.content for msg in valid_replies]
+            array_record_key = next(iter(reply_contents[0].array_records.keys()))
+
+            # Fetch the client model from current round as global model
+            arrays = cast(ArrayRecord, reply_contents[0][array_record_key])
+
+            # Aggregate MetricRecords
+            metrics = self.train_metrics_aggr_fn(
+                reply_contents,
+                self.weighted_by_key,
+            )
+        return arrays, metrics
+
+    def configure_evaluate(
+        self, server_round: int, arrays: ArrayRecord, config: ConfigRecord, grid: Grid
+    ) -> Iterable[Message]:
+        """Configure the next round of federated evaluation."""
+        # Sample one node
+        sampled_node_id = self._make_sampling(grid, server_round, "configure_evaluate")
+
+        # Always inject current server round
+        config["server-round"] = server_round
+
+        # Construct messages
+        record = RecordDict(
+            {self.arrayrecord_key: arrays, self.configrecord_key: config}
+        )
+        return self._construct_messages(record, sampled_node_id, MessageType.EVALUATE)