flwr-nightly 1.12.0.dev20240907__py3-none-any.whl → 1.12.0.dev20240913__py3-none-any.whl

flwr/server/strategy/fedxgb_nn_avg.py

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ Paper: arxiv.org/abs/2304.07537
 
 
 from logging import WARNING
-from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Tuple, Union
+from typing import Any, Optional, Union
 
 from flwr.common import FitRes, Scalar, ndarrays_to_parameters, parameters_to_ndarrays
 from flwr.common.logger import log, warn_deprecated_feature
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ class FedXgbNnAvg(FedAvg):
 
     def evaluate(
         self, server_round: int, parameters: Any
-    ) -> Optional[Tuple[float, Dict[str, Scalar]]]:
+    ) -> Optional[tuple[float, dict[str, Scalar]]]:
         """Evaluate model parameters using an evaluation function."""
         if self.evaluate_fn is None:
             # No evaluation function provided
@@ -70,9 +70,9 @@ class FedXgbNnAvg(FedAvg):
     def aggregate_fit(
         self,
         server_round: int,
-        results: List[Tuple[ClientProxy, FitRes]],
-        failures: List[Union[Tuple[ClientProxy, FitRes], BaseException]],
-    ) -> Tuple[Optional[Any], Dict[str, Scalar]]:
+        results: list[tuple[ClientProxy, FitRes]],
+        failures: list[Union[tuple[ClientProxy, FitRes], BaseException]],
+    ) -> tuple[Optional[Any], dict[str, Scalar]]:
         """Aggregate fit results using weighted average."""
         if not results:
             return None, {}

flwr/server/strategy/fedyogi.py

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ Paper: arxiv.org/abs/2003.00295
 """
 
 
-from typing import Callable, Dict, List, Optional, Tuple, Union
+from typing import Callable, Optional, Union
 
 import numpy as np
 
@@ -93,12 +93,12 @@ class FedYogi(FedOpt):
         min_available_clients: int = 2,
         evaluate_fn: Optional[
             Callable[
-                [int, NDArrays, Dict[str, Scalar]],
-                Optional[Tuple[float, Dict[str, Scalar]]],
+                [int, NDArrays, dict[str, Scalar]],
+                Optional[tuple[float, dict[str, Scalar]]],
             ]
         ] = None,
-        on_fit_config_fn: Optional[Callable[[int], Dict[str, Scalar]]] = None,
-        on_evaluate_config_fn: Optional[Callable[[int], Dict[str, Scalar]]] = None,
+        on_fit_config_fn: Optional[Callable[[int], dict[str, Scalar]]] = None,
+        on_evaluate_config_fn: Optional[Callable[[int], dict[str, Scalar]]] = None,
         accept_failures: bool = True,
         initial_parameters: Parameters,
         fit_metrics_aggregation_fn: Optional[MetricsAggregationFn] = None,
@@ -137,9 +137,9 @@ class FedYogi(FedOpt):
     def aggregate_fit(
         self,
         server_round: int,
-        results: List[Tuple[ClientProxy, FitRes]],
-        failures: List[Union[Tuple[ClientProxy, FitRes], BaseException]],
-    ) -> Tuple[Optional[Parameters], Dict[str, Scalar]]:
+        results: list[tuple[ClientProxy, FitRes]],
+        failures: list[Union[tuple[ClientProxy, FitRes], BaseException]],
+    ) -> tuple[Optional[Parameters], dict[str, Scalar]]:
         """Aggregate fit results using weighted average."""
         fedavg_parameters_aggregated, metrics_aggregated = super().aggregate_fit(
             server_round=server_round, results=results, failures=failures

flwr/server/strategy/krum.py

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ Paper: proceedings.neurips.cc/paper/2017/file/f4b9ec30ad9f68f89b29639786cb62ef-P
 
 
 from logging import WARNING
-from typing import Callable, Dict, List, Optional, Tuple, Union
+from typing import Callable, Optional, Union
 
 from flwr.common import (
     FitRes,
@@ -87,12 +87,12 @@ class Krum(FedAvg):
         num_clients_to_keep: int = 0,
         evaluate_fn: Optional[
             Callable[
-                [int, NDArrays, Dict[str, Scalar]],
-                Optional[Tuple[float, Dict[str, Scalar]]],
+                [int, NDArrays, dict[str, Scalar]],
+                Optional[tuple[float, dict[str, Scalar]]],
             ]
         ] = None,
-        on_fit_config_fn: Optional[Callable[[int], Dict[str, Scalar]]] = None,
-        on_evaluate_config_fn: Optional[Callable[[int], Dict[str, Scalar]]] = None,
+        on_fit_config_fn: Optional[Callable[[int], dict[str, Scalar]]] = None,
+        on_evaluate_config_fn: Optional[Callable[[int], dict[str, Scalar]]] = None,
         accept_failures: bool = True,
         initial_parameters: Optional[Parameters] = None,
         fit_metrics_aggregation_fn: Optional[MetricsAggregationFn] = None,
@@ -123,9 +123,9 @@ class Krum(FedAvg):
     def aggregate_fit(
         self,
         server_round: int,
-        results: List[Tuple[ClientProxy, FitRes]],
-        failures: List[Union[Tuple[ClientProxy, FitRes], BaseException]],
-    ) -> Tuple[Optional[Parameters], Dict[str, Scalar]]:
+        results: list[tuple[ClientProxy, FitRes]],
+        failures: list[Union[tuple[ClientProxy, FitRes], BaseException]],
+    ) -> tuple[Optional[Parameters], dict[str, Scalar]]:
         """Aggregate fit results using Krum."""
         if not results:
             return None, {}

flwr/server/strategy/qfedavg.py

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ Paper: openreview.net/pdf?id=ByexElSYDr
 
 
 from logging import WARNING
-from typing import Callable, Dict, List, Optional, Tuple, Union
+from typing import Callable, Optional, Union
 
 import numpy as np
 
@@ -60,12 +60,12 @@ class QFedAvg(FedAvg):
         min_available_clients: int = 1,
         evaluate_fn: Optional[
             Callable[
-                [int, NDArrays, Dict[str, Scalar]],
-                Optional[Tuple[float, Dict[str, Scalar]]],
+                [int, NDArrays, dict[str, Scalar]],
+                Optional[tuple[float, dict[str, Scalar]]],
             ]
         ] = None,
-        on_fit_config_fn: Optional[Callable[[int], Dict[str, Scalar]]] = None,
-        on_evaluate_config_fn: Optional[Callable[[int], Dict[str, Scalar]]] = None,
+        on_fit_config_fn: Optional[Callable[[int], dict[str, Scalar]]] = None,
+        on_evaluate_config_fn: Optional[Callable[[int], dict[str, Scalar]]] = None,
         accept_failures: bool = True,
         initial_parameters: Optional[Parameters] = None,
         fit_metrics_aggregation_fn: Optional[MetricsAggregationFn] = None,
@@ -95,19 +95,19 @@ class QFedAvg(FedAvg):
         rep += f"q_param={self.q_param}, pre_weights={self.pre_weights})"
         return rep
 
-    def num_fit_clients(self, num_available_clients: int) -> Tuple[int, int]:
+    def num_fit_clients(self, num_available_clients: int) -> tuple[int, int]:
         """Return the sample size and the required number of available clients."""
         num_clients = int(num_available_clients * self.fraction_fit)
         return max(num_clients, self.min_fit_clients), self.min_available_clients
 
-    def num_evaluation_clients(self, num_available_clients: int) -> Tuple[int, int]:
+    def num_evaluation_clients(self, num_available_clients: int) -> tuple[int, int]:
         """Use a fraction of available clients for evaluation."""
         num_clients = int(num_available_clients * self.fraction_evaluate)
         return max(num_clients, self.min_evaluate_clients), self.min_available_clients
 
     def configure_fit(
         self, server_round: int, parameters: Parameters, client_manager: ClientManager
-    ) -> List[Tuple[ClientProxy, FitIns]]:
+    ) -> list[tuple[ClientProxy, FitIns]]:
         """Configure the next round of training."""
         weights = parameters_to_ndarrays(parameters)
         self.pre_weights = weights
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ class QFedAvg(FedAvg):
 
     def configure_evaluate(
         self, server_round: int, parameters: Parameters, client_manager: ClientManager
-    ) -> List[Tuple[ClientProxy, EvaluateIns]]:
+    ) -> list[tuple[ClientProxy, EvaluateIns]]:
         """Configure the next round of evaluation."""
         # Do not configure federated evaluation if fraction_evaluate is 0
         if self.fraction_evaluate == 0.0:
@@ -158,9 +158,9 @@ class QFedAvg(FedAvg):
     def aggregate_fit(
         self,
         server_round: int,
-        results: List[Tuple[ClientProxy, FitRes]],
-        failures: List[Union[Tuple[ClientProxy, FitRes], BaseException]],
-    ) -> Tuple[Optional[Parameters], Dict[str, Scalar]]:
+        results: list[tuple[ClientProxy, FitRes]],
+        failures: list[Union[tuple[ClientProxy, FitRes], BaseException]],
+    ) -> tuple[Optional[Parameters], dict[str, Scalar]]:
         """Aggregate fit results using weighted average."""
         if not results:
             return None, {}
@@ -229,9 +229,9 @@ class QFedAvg(FedAvg):
     def aggregate_evaluate(
         self,
         server_round: int,
-        results: List[Tuple[ClientProxy, EvaluateRes]],
-        failures: List[Union[Tuple[ClientProxy, EvaluateRes], BaseException]],
-    ) -> Tuple[Optional[float], Dict[str, Scalar]]:
+        results: list[tuple[ClientProxy, EvaluateRes]],
+        failures: list[Union[tuple[ClientProxy, EvaluateRes], BaseException]],
+    ) -> tuple[Optional[float], dict[str, Scalar]]:
         """Aggregate evaluation losses using weighted average."""
         if not results:
             return None, {}

flwr/server/strategy/strategy.py

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 
 
 from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
-from typing import Dict, List, Optional, Tuple, Union
+from typing import Optional, Union
 
 from flwr.common import EvaluateIns, EvaluateRes, FitIns, FitRes, Parameters, Scalar
 from flwr.server.client_manager import ClientManager
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ class Strategy(ABC):
     @abstractmethod
     def configure_fit(
         self, server_round: int, parameters: Parameters, client_manager: ClientManager
-    ) -> List[Tuple[ClientProxy, FitIns]]:
+    ) -> list[tuple[ClientProxy, FitIns]]:
         """Configure the next round of training.
 
         Parameters
@@ -72,9 +72,9 @@ class Strategy(ABC):
     def aggregate_fit(
         self,
         server_round: int,
-        results: List[Tuple[ClientProxy, FitRes]],
-        failures: List[Union[Tuple[ClientProxy, FitRes], BaseException]],
-    ) -> Tuple[Optional[Parameters], Dict[str, Scalar]]:
+        results: list[tuple[ClientProxy, FitRes]],
+        failures: list[Union[tuple[ClientProxy, FitRes], BaseException]],
+    ) -> tuple[Optional[Parameters], dict[str, Scalar]]:
         """Aggregate training results.
 
         Parameters
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ class Strategy(ABC):
     @abstractmethod
     def configure_evaluate(
         self, server_round: int, parameters: Parameters, client_manager: ClientManager
-    ) -> List[Tuple[ClientProxy, EvaluateIns]]:
+    ) -> list[tuple[ClientProxy, EvaluateIns]]:
         """Configure the next round of evaluation.
 
         Parameters
@@ -134,9 +134,9 @@ class Strategy(ABC):
     def aggregate_evaluate(
         self,
         server_round: int,
-        results: List[Tuple[ClientProxy, EvaluateRes]],
-        failures: List[Union[Tuple[ClientProxy, EvaluateRes], BaseException]],
-    ) -> Tuple[Optional[float], Dict[str, Scalar]]:
+        results: list[tuple[ClientProxy, EvaluateRes]],
+        failures: list[Union[tuple[ClientProxy, EvaluateRes], BaseException]],
+    ) -> tuple[Optional[float], dict[str, Scalar]]:
         """Aggregate evaluation results.
 
         Parameters
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ class Strategy(ABC):
     @abstractmethod
     def evaluate(
         self, server_round: int, parameters: Parameters
-    ) -> Optional[Tuple[float, Dict[str, Scalar]]]:
+    ) -> Optional[tuple[float, dict[str, Scalar]]]:
         """Evaluate the current model parameters.
 
         This function can be used to perform centralized (i.e., server-side) evaluation

flwr/server/superlink/driver/driver_grpc.py

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
 """Driver gRPC API."""
 
 from logging import INFO
-from typing import Optional, Tuple
+from typing import Optional
 
 import grpc
 
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ def run_driver_api_grpc(
     address: str,
     state_factory: StateFactory,
     ffs_factory: FfsFactory,
-    certificates: Optional[Tuple[bytes, bytes, bytes]],
+    certificates: Optional[tuple[bytes, bytes, bytes]],
 ) -> grpc.Server:
     """Run Driver API (gRPC, request-response)."""
     # Create Driver API gRPC server

flwr/server/superlink/driver/driver_servicer.py

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 
 import time
 from logging import DEBUG
-from typing import List, Optional, Set
+from typing import Optional
 from uuid import UUID
 
 import grpc
@@ -68,8 +68,8 @@ class DriverServicer(driver_pb2_grpc.DriverServicer):
         """Get available nodes."""
         log(DEBUG, "DriverServicer.GetNodes")
         state: State = self.state_factory.state()
-        all_ids: Set[int] = state.get_nodes(request.run_id)
-        nodes: List[Node] = [
+        all_ids: set[int] = state.get_nodes(request.run_id)
+        nodes: list[Node] = [
             Node(node_id=node_id, anonymous=False) for node_id in all_ids
         ]
         return GetNodesResponse(nodes=nodes)
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ class DriverServicer(driver_pb2_grpc.DriverServicer):
         state: State = self.state_factory.state()
 
         # Store each TaskIns
-        task_ids: List[Optional[UUID]] = []
+        task_ids: list[Optional[UUID]] = []
         for task_ins in request.task_ins_list:
             task_id: Optional[UUID] = state.store_task_ins(task_ins=task_ins)
             task_ids.append(task_id)
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ class DriverServicer(driver_pb2_grpc.DriverServicer):
         log(DEBUG, "DriverServicer.PullTaskRes")
 
         # Convert each task_id str to UUID
-        task_ids: Set[UUID] = {UUID(task_id) for task_id in request.task_ids}
+        task_ids: set[UUID] = {UUID(task_id) for task_id in request.task_ids}
 
         # Init state
         state: State = self.state_factory.state()
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ class DriverServicer(driver_pb2_grpc.DriverServicer):
         context.add_callback(on_rpc_done)
 
         # Read from state
-        task_res_list: List[TaskRes] = state.get_task_res(task_ids=task_ids, limit=None)
+        task_res_list: list[TaskRes] = state.get_task_res(task_ids=task_ids, limit=None)
 
         context.set_code(grpc.StatusCode.OK)
         return PullTaskResResponse(task_res_list=task_res_list)

flwr/server/superlink/ffs/disk_ffs.py

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 import hashlib
 import json
 from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Dict, List, Optional, Tuple
+from typing import Optional
 
 from flwr.server.superlink.ffs.ffs import Ffs
 
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ class DiskFfs(Ffs):  # pylint: disable=R0904
         """
         self.base_dir = Path(base_dir)
 
-    def put(self, content: bytes, meta: Dict[str, str]) -> str:
+    def put(self, content: bytes, meta: dict[str, str]) -> str:
         """Store bytes and metadata and return key (hash of content).
 
         Parameters
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ class DiskFfs(Ffs):  # pylint: disable=R0904
 
         return content_hash
 
-    def get(self, key: str) -> Optional[Tuple[bytes, Dict[str, str]]]:
+    def get(self, key: str) -> Optional[tuple[bytes, dict[str, str]]]:
         """Return tuple containing the object content and metadata.
 
         Parameters
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ class DiskFfs(Ffs):  # pylint: disable=R0904
         (self.base_dir / key).unlink()
         (self.base_dir / f"{key}.META").unlink()
 
-    def list(self) -> List[str]:
+    def list(self) -> list[str]:
         """List all keys.
 
         Return all available keys in this `Ffs` instance.

flwr/server/superlink/ffs/ffs.py

@@ -16,14 +16,14 @@
 
 
 import abc
-from typing import Dict, List, Optional, Tuple
+from typing import Optional
 
 
 class Ffs(abc.ABC):  # pylint: disable=R0904
     """Abstract Flower File Storage interface for large objects."""
 
     @abc.abstractmethod
-    def put(self, content: bytes, meta: Dict[str, str]) -> str:
+    def put(self, content: bytes, meta: dict[str, str]) -> str:
         """Store bytes and metadata and return sha256hex hash of data as str.
 
         Parameters
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ class Ffs(abc.ABC):  # pylint: disable=R0904
         """
 
     @abc.abstractmethod
-    def get(self, key: str) -> Optional[Tuple[bytes, Dict[str, str]]]:
+    def get(self, key: str) -> Optional[tuple[bytes, dict[str, str]]]:
         """Return tuple containing the object content and metadata.
 
         Parameters
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ class Ffs(abc.ABC):  # pylint: disable=R0904
         """
 
     @abc.abstractmethod
-    def list(self) -> List[str]:
+    def list(self) -> list[str]:
         """List keys of all stored objects.
 
         Return all available keys in this `Ffs` instance.

flwr/server/superlink/fleet/grpc_adapter/grpc_adapter_servicer.py

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 
 
 from logging import DEBUG, INFO
-from typing import Callable, Type, TypeVar
+from typing import Callable, TypeVar
 
 import grpc
 from google.protobuf.message import Message as GrpcMessage
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ T = TypeVar("T", bound=GrpcMessage)
 
 def _handle(
     msg_container: MessageContainer,
-    request_type: Type[T],
+    request_type: type[T],
     handler: Callable[[T], GrpcMessage],
 ) -> MessageContainer:
     req = request_type.FromString(msg_container.grpc_message_content)

flwr/server/superlink/fleet/grpc_bidi/flower_service_servicer.py

@@ -19,7 +19,8 @@ Relevant knowledge for reading this modules code:
 """
 
 import uuid
-from typing import Callable, Iterator
+from collections.abc import Iterator
+from typing import Callable
 
 import grpc
 from iterators import TimeoutIterator

flwr/server/superlink/fleet/grpc_bidi/grpc_bridge.py

@@ -15,10 +15,11 @@
 """Provides class GrpcBridge."""
 
 
+from collections.abc import Iterator
 from dataclasses import dataclass
 from enum import Enum
 from threading import Condition
-from typing import Iterator, Optional
+from typing import Optional
 
 from flwr.proto.transport_pb2 import (  # pylint: disable=E0611
     ClientMessage,

flwr/server/superlink/fleet/grpc_bidi/grpc_server.py

@@ -17,8 +17,9 @@
 
 import concurrent.futures
 import sys
+from collections.abc import Sequence
 from logging import ERROR
-from typing import Any, Callable, Optional, Sequence, Tuple, Union
+from typing import Any, Callable, Optional, Union
 
 import grpc
 
@@ -46,7 +47,7 @@ INVALID_CERTIFICATES_ERR_MSG = """
 AddServicerToServerFn = Callable[..., Any]
 
 
-def valid_certificates(certificates: Tuple[bytes, bytes, bytes]) -> bool:
+def valid_certificates(certificates: tuple[bytes, bytes, bytes]) -> bool:
     """Validate certificates tuple."""
     is_valid = (
         all(isinstance(certificate, bytes) for certificate in certificates)
@@ -65,7 +66,7 @@ def start_grpc_server(  # pylint: disable=too-many-arguments
     max_concurrent_workers: int = 1000,
     max_message_length: int = GRPC_MAX_MESSAGE_LENGTH,
     keepalive_time_ms: int = 210000,
-    certificates: Optional[Tuple[bytes, bytes, bytes]] = None,
+    certificates: Optional[tuple[bytes, bytes, bytes]] = None,
 ) -> grpc.Server:
     """Create and start a gRPC server running FlowerServiceServicer.
 
@@ -157,16 +158,16 @@ def start_grpc_server(  # pylint: disable=too-many-arguments
 
 def generic_create_grpc_server(  # pylint: disable=too-many-arguments
     servicer_and_add_fn: Union[
-        Tuple[FleetServicer, AddServicerToServerFn],
-        Tuple[GrpcAdapterServicer, AddServicerToServerFn],
-        Tuple[FlowerServiceServicer, AddServicerToServerFn],
-        Tuple[DriverServicer, AddServicerToServerFn],
+        tuple[FleetServicer, AddServicerToServerFn],
+        tuple[GrpcAdapterServicer, AddServicerToServerFn],
+        tuple[FlowerServiceServicer, AddServicerToServerFn],
+        tuple[DriverServicer, AddServicerToServerFn],
     ],
     server_address: str,
     max_concurrent_workers: int = 1000,
     max_message_length: int = GRPC_MAX_MESSAGE_LENGTH,
     keepalive_time_ms: int = 210000,
-    certificates: Optional[Tuple[bytes, bytes, bytes]] = None,
+    certificates: Optional[tuple[bytes, bytes, bytes]] = None,
     interceptors: Optional[Sequence[grpc.ServerInterceptor]] = None,
 ) -> grpc.Server:
     """Create a gRPC server with a single servicer.

flwr/server/superlink/fleet/grpc_rere/server_interceptor.py

@@ -16,8 +16,9 @@
 
 
 import base64
+from collections.abc import Sequence
 from logging import INFO, WARNING
-from typing import Any, Callable, Optional, Sequence, Tuple, Union
+from typing import Any, Callable, Optional, Union
 
 import grpc
 from cryptography.hazmat.primitives.asymmetric import ec
@@ -68,7 +69,7 @@ Response = Union[
 
 
 def _get_value_from_tuples(
-    key_string: str, tuples: Sequence[Tuple[str, Union[str, bytes]]]
+    key_string: str, tuples: Sequence[tuple[str, Union[str, bytes]]]
 ) -> bytes:
     value = next((value for key, value in tuples if key == key_string), "")
     if isinstance(value, str):
@@ -188,7 +189,8 @@ class AuthenticateServerInterceptor(grpc.ServerInterceptor):  # type: ignore
         self, public_key: ec.EllipticCurvePublicKey, request: Request, hmac_value: bytes
     ) -> bool:
         shared_secret = generate_shared_key(self.server_private_key, public_key)
-        return verify_hmac(shared_secret, request.SerializeToString(True), hmac_value)
+        message_bytes = request.SerializeToString(deterministic=True)
+        return verify_hmac(shared_secret, message_bytes, hmac_value)
 
     def _create_authenticated_node(
         self,

flwr/server/superlink/fleet/message_handler/message_handler.py

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 
 
 import time
-from typing import List, Optional
+from typing import Optional
 from uuid import UUID
 
 from flwr.common.serde import fab_to_proto, user_config_to_proto
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ def pull_task_ins(request: PullTaskInsRequest, state: State) -> PullTaskInsRespo
     node_id: Optional[int] = None if node.anonymous else node.node_id
 
     # Retrieve TaskIns from State
-    task_ins_list: List[TaskIns] = state.get_task_ins(node_id=node_id, limit=1)
+    task_ins_list: list[TaskIns] = state.get_task_ins(node_id=node_id, limit=1)
 
     # Build response
     response = PullTaskInsResponse(

flwr/server/superlink/fleet/rest_rere/rest_api.py

@@ -18,7 +18,8 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import sys
-from typing import Awaitable, Callable, TypeVar
+from collections.abc import Awaitable
+from typing import Callable, TypeVar
 
 from google.protobuf.message import Message as GrpcMessage
 

flwr/server/superlink/fleet/vce/backend/__init__.py

@@ -15,17 +15,16 @@
 """Simulation Engine Backends."""
 
 import importlib
-from typing import Dict, Type
 
 from .backend import Backend, BackendConfig
 
 is_ray_installed = importlib.util.find_spec("ray") is not None
 
 # Mapping of supported backends
-supported_backends: Dict[str, Type[Backend]] = {}
+supported_backends: dict[str, type[Backend]] = {}
 
 # To log backend-specific error message when chosen backend isn't available
-error_messages_backends: Dict[str, str] = {}
+error_messages_backends: dict[str, str] = {}
 
 if is_ray_installed:
     from .raybackend import RayBackend

flwr/server/superlink/fleet/vce/backend/backend.py

@@ -16,14 +16,14 @@
 
 
 from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
-from typing import Callable, Dict, Tuple
+from typing import Callable
 
 from flwr.client.client_app import ClientApp
 from flwr.common.context import Context
 from flwr.common.message import Message
 from flwr.common.typing import ConfigsRecordValues
 
-BackendConfig = Dict[str, Dict[str, ConfigsRecordValues]]
+BackendConfig = dict[str, dict[str, ConfigsRecordValues]]
 
 
 class Backend(ABC):
@@ -62,5 +62,5 @@ class Backend(ABC):
         self,
         message: Message,
         context: Context,
-    ) -> Tuple[Message, Context]:
+    ) -> tuple[Message, Context]:
         """Submit a job to the backend."""