esphome 2025.7.4__py3-none-any.whl → 2025.8.0__py3-none-any.whl

esphome/components/api/api_connection.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,11 @@
 #include "api_connection.h"
 #ifdef USE_API
+#ifdef USE_API_NOISE
+#include "api_frame_helper_noise.h"
+#endif
+#ifdef USE_API_PLAINTEXT
+#include "api_frame_helper_plaintext.h"
+#endif
 #include <cerrno>
 #include <cinttypes>
 #include <utility>
@@ -25,8 +31,7 @@
 #include "esphome/components/voice_assistant/voice_assistant.h"
 #endif
 
-namespace esphome {
-namespace api {
+namespace esphome::api {
 
 // Read a maximum of 5 messages per loop iteration to prevent starving other components.
 // This is a balance between API responsiveness and allowing other components to run.
@@ -42,32 +47,53 @@ static const char *const TAG = "api.connection";
 static const int CAMERA_STOP_STREAM = 5000;
 #endif
 
-// Helper macro for entity command handlers - gets entity by key, returns if not found, and creates call object
+#ifdef USE_DEVICES
+// Helper macro for entity command handlers - gets entity by key and device_id, returns if not found, and creates call
+// object
+#define ENTITY_COMMAND_MAKE_CALL(entity_type, entity_var, getter_name) \
+  entity_type *entity_var = App.get_##getter_name##_by_key(msg.key, msg.device_id); \
+  if ((entity_var) == nullptr) \
+    return; \
+  auto call = (entity_var)->make_call();
+
+// Helper macro for entity command handlers that don't use make_call() - gets entity by key and device_id and returns if
+// not found
+#define ENTITY_COMMAND_GET(entity_type, entity_var, getter_name) \
+  entity_type *entity_var = App.get_##getter_name##_by_key(msg.key, msg.device_id); \
+  if ((entity_var) == nullptr) \
+    return;
+#else  // No device support, use simpler macros
+// Helper macro for entity command handlers - gets entity by key, returns if not found, and creates call
+// object
 #define ENTITY_COMMAND_MAKE_CALL(entity_type, entity_var, getter_name) \
   entity_type *entity_var = App.get_##getter_name##_by_key(msg.key); \
   if ((entity_var) == nullptr) \
     return; \
   auto call = (entity_var)->make_call();
 
-// Helper macro for entity command handlers that don't use make_call() - gets entity by key and returns if not found
+// Helper macro for entity command handlers that don't use make_call() - gets entity by key and returns if
+// not found
 #define ENTITY_COMMAND_GET(entity_type, entity_var, getter_name) \
   entity_type *entity_var = App.get_##getter_name##_by_key(msg.key); \
   if ((entity_var) == nullptr) \
     return;
+#endif  // USE_DEVICES
 
 APIConnection::APIConnection(std::unique_ptr<socket::Socket> sock, APIServer *parent)
     : parent_(parent), initial_state_iterator_(this), list_entities_iterator_(this) {
 #if defined(USE_API_PLAINTEXT) && defined(USE_API_NOISE)
   auto noise_ctx = parent->get_noise_ctx();
   if (noise_ctx->has_psk()) {
-    this->helper_ = std::unique_ptr<APIFrameHelper>{new APINoiseFrameHelper(std::move(sock), noise_ctx)};
+    this->helper_ =
+        std::unique_ptr<APIFrameHelper>{new APINoiseFrameHelper(std::move(sock), noise_ctx, &this->client_info_)};
   } else {
-    this->helper_ = std::unique_ptr<APIFrameHelper>{new APIPlaintextFrameHelper(std::move(sock))};
+    this->helper_ = std::unique_ptr<APIFrameHelper>{new APIPlaintextFrameHelper(std::move(sock), &this->client_info_)};
   }
 #elif defined(USE_API_PLAINTEXT)
-  this->helper_ = std::unique_ptr<APIFrameHelper>{new APIPlaintextFrameHelper(std::move(sock))};
+  this->helper_ = std::unique_ptr<APIFrameHelper>{new APIPlaintextFrameHelper(std::move(sock), &this->client_info_)};
 #elif defined(USE_API_NOISE)
-  this->helper_ = std::unique_ptr<APIFrameHelper>{new APINoiseFrameHelper(std::move(sock), parent->get_noise_ctx())};
+  this->helper_ = std::unique_ptr<APIFrameHelper>{
+      new APINoiseFrameHelper(std::move(sock), parent->get_noise_ctx(), &this->client_info_)};
 #else
 #error "No frame helper defined"
 #endif
@@ -86,13 +112,11 @@ void APIConnection::start() {
   APIError err = this->helper_->init();
   if (err != APIError::OK) {
     on_fatal_error();
-    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "%s: Helper init failed: %s errno=%d", this->get_client_combined_info().c_str(),
-             api_error_to_str(err), errno);
+    this->log_warning_("Helper init failed", err);
     return;
   }
-  this->client_info_ = helper_->getpeername();
-  this->client_peername_ = this->client_info_;
-  this->helper_->set_log_info(this->client_info_);
+  this->client_info_.peername = helper_->getpeername();
+  this->client_info_.name = this->client_info_.peername;
 }
 
 APIConnection::~APIConnection() {
@@ -119,8 +143,7 @@ void APIConnection::loop() {
   APIError err = this->helper_->loop();
   if (err != APIError::OK) {
     on_fatal_error();
-    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "%s: Socket operation failed: %s errno=%d", this->get_client_combined_info().c_str(),
-             api_error_to_str(err), errno);
+    this->log_socket_operation_failed_(err);
     return;
   }
 
@@ -136,14 +159,7 @@ void APIConnection::loop() {
         break;
       } else if (err != APIError::OK) {
         on_fatal_error();
-        if (err == APIError::SOCKET_READ_FAILED && errno == ECONNRESET) {
-          ESP_LOGW(TAG, "%s: Connection reset", this->get_client_combined_info().c_str());
-        } else if (err == APIError::CONNECTION_CLOSED) {
-          ESP_LOGW(TAG, "%s: Connection closed", this->get_client_combined_info().c_str());
-        } else {
-          ESP_LOGW(TAG, "%s: Reading failed: %s errno=%d", this->get_client_combined_info().c_str(),
-                   api_error_to_str(err), errno);
-        }
+        this->log_warning_("Reading failed", err);
         return;
       } else {
         this->last_traffic_ = now;
@@ -186,9 +202,11 @@ void APIConnection::loop() {
       on_fatal_error();
       ESP_LOGW(TAG, "%s is unresponsive; disconnecting", this->get_client_combined_info().c_str());
     }
-  } else if (now - this->last_traffic_ > KEEPALIVE_TIMEOUT_MS) {
+  } else if (now - this->last_traffic_ > KEEPALIVE_TIMEOUT_MS && !this->flags_.remove) {
+    // Only send ping if we're not disconnecting
     ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "Sending keepalive PING");
-    this->flags_.sent_ping = this->send_message(PingRequest());
+    PingRequest req;
+    this->flags_.sent_ping = this->send_message(req, PingRequest::MESSAGE_TYPE);
     if (!this->flags_.sent_ping) {
       // If we can't send the ping request directly (tx_buffer full),
       // schedule it at the front of the batch so it will be sent with priority
@@ -203,24 +221,16 @@ void APIConnection::loop() {
   if (this->image_reader_ && this->image_reader_->available() && this->helper_->can_write_without_blocking()) {
     uint32_t to_send = std::min((size_t) MAX_BATCH_PACKET_SIZE, this->image_reader_->available());
     bool done = this->image_reader_->available() == to_send;
-    uint32_t msg_size = 0;
-    ProtoSize::add_fixed_field<4>(msg_size, 1, true);
-    // partial message size calculated manually since its a special case
-    // 1 for the data field, varint for the data size, and the data itself
-    msg_size += 1 + ProtoSize::varint(to_send) + to_send;
-    ProtoSize::add_bool_field(msg_size, 1, done);
-
-    auto buffer = this->create_buffer(msg_size);
-    // fixed32 key = 1;
-    buffer.encode_fixed32(1, camera::Camera::instance()->get_object_id_hash());
-    // bytes data = 2;
-    buffer.encode_bytes(2, this->image_reader_->peek_data_buffer(), to_send);
-    // bool done = 3;
-    buffer.encode_bool(3, done);
-
-    bool success = this->send_buffer(buffer, CameraImageResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE);
-
-    if (success) {
+
+    CameraImageResponse msg;
+    msg.key = camera::Camera::instance()->get_object_id_hash();
+    msg.set_data(this->image_reader_->peek_data_buffer(), to_send);
+    msg.done = done;
+#ifdef USE_DEVICES
+    msg.device_id = camera::Camera::instance()->get_device_id();
+#endif
+
+    if (this->send_message_(msg, CameraImageResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE)) {
       this->image_reader_->consume_data(to_send);
       if (done) {
         this->image_reader_->return_image();
@@ -229,35 +239,21 @@ void APIConnection::loop() {
   }
 #endif
 
+#ifdef USE_API_HOMEASSISTANT_STATES
   if (state_subs_at_ >= 0) {
-    const auto &subs = this->parent_->get_state_subs();
-    if (state_subs_at_ < static_cast<int>(subs.size())) {
-      auto &it = subs[state_subs_at_];
-      SubscribeHomeAssistantStateResponse resp;
-      resp.entity_id = it.entity_id;
-      resp.attribute = it.attribute.value();
-      resp.once = it.once;
-      if (this->send_message(resp)) {
-        state_subs_at_++;
-      }
-    } else {
-      state_subs_at_ = -1;
-    }
+    this->process_state_subscriptions_();
   }
+#endif
 }
 
-std::string get_default_unique_id(const std::string &component_type, EntityBase *entity) {
-  return App.get_name() + component_type + entity->get_object_id();
-}
-
-DisconnectResponse APIConnection::disconnect(const DisconnectRequest &msg) {
+bool APIConnection::send_disconnect_response(const DisconnectRequest &msg) {
   // remote initiated disconnect_client
   // don't close yet, we still need to send the disconnect response
   // close will happen on next loop
   ESP_LOGD(TAG, "%s disconnected", this->get_client_combined_info().c_str());
   this->flags_.next_close = true;
   DisconnectResponse resp;
-  return resp;
+  return this->send_message(resp, DisconnectResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE);
 }
 void APIConnection::on_disconnect_response(const DisconnectResponse &value) {
   this->helper_->close();
@@ -277,8 +273,9 @@ uint16_t APIConnection::encode_message_to_buffer(ProtoMessage &msg, uint8_t mess
 #endif
 
   // Calculate size
-  uint32_t calculated_size = 0;
-  msg.calculate_size(calculated_size);
+  ProtoSize size_calc;
+  msg.calculate_size(size_calc);
+  uint32_t calculated_size = size_calc.get_size();
 
   // Cache frame sizes to avoid repeated virtual calls
   const uint8_t header_padding = conn->helper_->frame_header_padding();
@@ -326,19 +323,18 @@ uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_binary_sensor_state(EntityBase *entity, APIConn
   BinarySensorStateResponse resp;
   resp.state = binary_sensor->state;
   resp.missing_state = !binary_sensor->has_state();
-  fill_entity_state_base(binary_sensor, resp);
-  return encode_message_to_buffer(resp, BinarySensorStateResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size, is_single);
+  return fill_and_encode_entity_state(binary_sensor, resp, BinarySensorStateResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn,
+                                      remaining_size, is_single);
 }
 
 uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_binary_sensor_info(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection *conn, uint32_t remaining_size,
                                                     bool is_single) {
   auto *binary_sensor = static_cast<binary_sensor::BinarySensor *>(entity);
   ListEntitiesBinarySensorResponse msg;
-  msg.device_class = binary_sensor->get_device_class();
+  msg.set_device_class(binary_sensor->get_device_class_ref());
   msg.is_status_binary_sensor = binary_sensor->is_status_binary_sensor();
-  msg.unique_id = get_default_unique_id("binary_sensor", binary_sensor);
-  fill_entity_info_base(binary_sensor, msg);
-  return encode_message_to_buffer(msg, ListEntitiesBinarySensorResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size, is_single);
+  return fill_and_encode_entity_info(binary_sensor, msg, ListEntitiesBinarySensorResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn,
+                                     remaining_size, is_single);
 }
 #endif
 
@@ -352,14 +348,11 @@ uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_cover_state(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection *
   auto *cover = static_cast<cover::Cover *>(entity);
   CoverStateResponse msg;
   auto traits = cover->get_traits();
-  msg.legacy_state =
-      (cover->position == cover::COVER_OPEN) ? enums::LEGACY_COVER_STATE_OPEN : enums::LEGACY_COVER_STATE_CLOSED;
   msg.position = cover->position;
   if (traits.get_supports_tilt())
     msg.tilt = cover->tilt;
   msg.current_operation = static_cast<enums::CoverOperation>(cover->current_operation);
-  fill_entity_state_base(cover, msg);
-  return encode_message_to_buffer(msg, CoverStateResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size, is_single);
+  return fill_and_encode_entity_state(cover, msg, CoverStateResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size, is_single);
 }
 uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_cover_info(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection *conn, uint32_t remaining_size,
                                             bool is_single) {
@@ -370,26 +363,12 @@ uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_cover_info(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection *c
   msg.supports_position = traits.get_supports_position();
   msg.supports_tilt = traits.get_supports_tilt();
   msg.supports_stop = traits.get_supports_stop();
-  msg.device_class = cover->get_device_class();
-  msg.unique_id = get_default_unique_id("cover", cover);
-  fill_entity_info_base(cover, msg);
-  return encode_message_to_buffer(msg, ListEntitiesCoverResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size, is_single);
+  msg.set_device_class(cover->get_device_class_ref());
+  return fill_and_encode_entity_info(cover, msg, ListEntitiesCoverResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size,
+                                     is_single);
 }
 void APIConnection::cover_command(const CoverCommandRequest &msg) {
   ENTITY_COMMAND_MAKE_CALL(cover::Cover, cover, cover)
-  if (msg.has_legacy_command) {
-    switch (msg.legacy_command) {
-      case enums::LEGACY_COVER_COMMAND_OPEN:
-        call.set_command_open();
-        break;
-      case enums::LEGACY_COVER_COMMAND_CLOSE:
-        call.set_command_close();
-        break;
-      case enums::LEGACY_COVER_COMMAND_STOP:
-        call.set_command_stop();
-        break;
-    }
-  }
   if (msg.has_position)
     call.set_position(msg.position);
   if (msg.has_tilt)
@@ -419,9 +398,8 @@ uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_fan_state(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection *co
   if (traits.supports_direction())
     msg.direction = static_cast<enums::FanDirection>(fan->direction);
   if (traits.supports_preset_modes())
-    msg.preset_mode = fan->preset_mode;
-  fill_entity_state_base(fan, msg);
-  return encode_message_to_buffer(msg, FanStateResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size, is_single);
+    msg.set_preset_mode(StringRef(fan->preset_mode));
+  return fill_and_encode_entity_state(fan, msg, FanStateResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size, is_single);
 }
 uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_fan_info(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection *conn, uint32_t remaining_size,
                                           bool is_single) {
@@ -432,11 +410,8 @@ uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_fan_info(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection *con
   msg.supports_speed = traits.supports_speed();
   msg.supports_direction = traits.supports_direction();
   msg.supported_speed_count = traits.supported_speed_count();
-  for (auto const &preset : traits.supported_preset_modes())
-    msg.supported_preset_modes.push_back(preset);
-  msg.unique_id = get_default_unique_id("fan", fan);
-  fill_entity_info_base(fan, msg);
-  return encode_message_to_buffer(msg, ListEntitiesFanResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size, is_single);
+  msg.supported_preset_modes = &traits.supported_preset_modes_for_api_();
+  return fill_and_encode_entity_info(fan, msg, ListEntitiesFanResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size, is_single);
 }
 void APIConnection::fan_command(const FanCommandRequest &msg) {
   ENTITY_COMMAND_MAKE_CALL(fan::Fan, fan, fan)
@@ -479,26 +454,21 @@ uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_light_state(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection *
   resp.color_temperature = values.get_color_temperature();
   resp.cold_white = values.get_cold_white();
   resp.warm_white = values.get_warm_white();
-  if (light->supports_effects())
-    resp.effect = light->get_effect_name();
-  fill_entity_state_base(light, resp);
-  return encode_message_to_buffer(resp, LightStateResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size, is_single);
+  if (light->supports_effects()) {
+    // get_effect_name() returns temporary std::string - must store it
+    std::string effect_name = light->get_effect_name();
+    resp.set_effect(StringRef(effect_name));
+  }
+  return fill_and_encode_entity_state(light, resp, LightStateResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size, is_single);
 }
 uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_light_info(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection *conn, uint32_t remaining_size,
                                             bool is_single) {
   auto *light = static_cast<light::LightState *>(entity);
   ListEntitiesLightResponse msg;
   auto traits = light->get_traits();
-  for (auto mode : traits.get_supported_color_modes())
-    msg.supported_color_modes.push_back(static_cast<enums::ColorMode>(mode));
-  msg.legacy_supports_brightness = traits.supports_color_capability(light::ColorCapability::BRIGHTNESS);
-  msg.legacy_supports_rgb = traits.supports_color_capability(light::ColorCapability::RGB);
-  msg.legacy_supports_white_value =
-      msg.legacy_supports_rgb && (traits.supports_color_capability(light::ColorCapability::WHITE) ||
-                                  traits.supports_color_capability(light::ColorCapability::COLD_WARM_WHITE));
-  msg.legacy_supports_color_temperature = traits.supports_color_capability(light::ColorCapability::COLOR_TEMPERATURE) ||
-                                          traits.supports_color_capability(light::ColorCapability::COLD_WARM_WHITE);
-  if (msg.legacy_supports_color_temperature) {
+  msg.supported_color_modes = &traits.get_supported_color_modes_for_api_();
+  if (traits.supports_color_capability(light::ColorCapability::COLOR_TEMPERATURE) ||
+      traits.supports_color_capability(light::ColorCapability::COLD_WARM_WHITE)) {
     msg.min_mireds = traits.get_min_mireds();
     msg.max_mireds = traits.get_max_mireds();
   }
@@ -508,9 +478,8 @@ uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_light_info(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection *c
       msg.effects.push_back(effect->get_name());
     }
   }
-  msg.unique_id = get_default_unique_id("light", light);
-  fill_entity_info_base(light, msg);
-  return encode_message_to_buffer(msg, ListEntitiesLightResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size, is_single);
+  return fill_and_encode_entity_info(light, msg, ListEntitiesLightResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size,
+                                     is_single);
 }
 void APIConnection::light_command(const LightCommandRequest &msg) {
   ENTITY_COMMAND_MAKE_CALL(light::LightState, light, light)
@@ -557,24 +526,20 @@ uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_sensor_state(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection
   SensorStateResponse resp;
   resp.state = sensor->state;
   resp.missing_state = !sensor->has_state();
-  fill_entity_state_base(sensor, resp);
-  return encode_message_to_buffer(resp, SensorStateResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size, is_single);
+  return fill_and_encode_entity_state(sensor, resp, SensorStateResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size, is_single);
 }
 
 uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_sensor_info(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection *conn, uint32_t remaining_size,
                                              bool is_single) {
   auto *sensor = static_cast<sensor::Sensor *>(entity);
   ListEntitiesSensorResponse msg;
-  msg.unit_of_measurement = sensor->get_unit_of_measurement();
+  msg.set_unit_of_measurement(sensor->get_unit_of_measurement_ref());
   msg.accuracy_decimals = sensor->get_accuracy_decimals();
   msg.force_update = sensor->get_force_update();
-  msg.device_class = sensor->get_device_class();
+  msg.set_device_class(sensor->get_device_class_ref());
   msg.state_class = static_cast<enums::SensorStateClass>(sensor->get_state_class());
-  msg.unique_id = sensor->unique_id();
-  if (msg.unique_id.empty())
-    msg.unique_id = get_default_unique_id("sensor", sensor);
-  fill_entity_info_base(sensor, msg);
-  return encode_message_to_buffer(msg, ListEntitiesSensorResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size, is_single);
+  return fill_and_encode_entity_info(sensor, msg, ListEntitiesSensorResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size,
+                                     is_single);
 }
 #endif
 
@@ -589,8 +554,8 @@ uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_switch_state(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection
   auto *a_switch = static_cast<switch_::Switch *>(entity);
   SwitchStateResponse resp;
   resp.state = a_switch->state;
-  fill_entity_state_base(a_switch, resp);
-  return encode_message_to_buffer(resp, SwitchStateResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size, is_single);
+  return fill_and_encode_entity_state(a_switch, resp, SwitchStateResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size,
+                                      is_single);
 }
 
 uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_switch_info(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection *conn, uint32_t remaining_size,
@@ -598,10 +563,9 @@ uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_switch_info(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection *
   auto *a_switch = static_cast<switch_::Switch *>(entity);
   ListEntitiesSwitchResponse msg;
   msg.assumed_state = a_switch->assumed_state();
-  msg.device_class = a_switch->get_device_class();
-  msg.unique_id = get_default_unique_id("switch", a_switch);
-  fill_entity_info_base(a_switch, msg);
-  return encode_message_to_buffer(msg, ListEntitiesSwitchResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size, is_single);
+  msg.set_device_class(a_switch->get_device_class_ref());
+  return fill_and_encode_entity_info(a_switch, msg, ListEntitiesSwitchResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size,
+                                     is_single);
 }
 void APIConnection::switch_command(const SwitchCommandRequest &msg) {
   ENTITY_COMMAND_GET(switch_::Switch, a_switch, switch)
@@ -624,21 +588,18 @@ uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_text_sensor_state(EntityBase *entity, APIConnec
                                                    bool is_single) {
   auto *text_sensor = static_cast<text_sensor::TextSensor *>(entity);
   TextSensorStateResponse resp;
-  resp.state = text_sensor->state;
+  resp.set_state(StringRef(text_sensor->state));
   resp.missing_state = !text_sensor->has_state();
-  fill_entity_state_base(text_sensor, resp);
-  return encode_message_to_buffer(resp, TextSensorStateResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size, is_single);
+  return fill_and_encode_entity_state(text_sensor, resp, TextSensorStateResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size,
+                                      is_single);
 }
 uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_text_sensor_info(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection *conn, uint32_t remaining_size,
                                                   bool is_single) {
   auto *text_sensor = static_cast<text_sensor::TextSensor *>(entity);
   ListEntitiesTextSensorResponse msg;
-  msg.device_class = text_sensor->get_device_class();
-  msg.unique_id = text_sensor->unique_id();
-  if (msg.unique_id.empty())
-    msg.unique_id = get_default_unique_id("text_sensor", text_sensor);
-  fill_entity_info_base(text_sensor, msg);
-  return encode_message_to_buffer(msg, ListEntitiesTextSensorResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size, is_single);
+  msg.set_device_class(text_sensor->get_device_class_ref());
+  return fill_and_encode_entity_info(text_sensor, msg, ListEntitiesTextSensorResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn,
+                                     remaining_size, is_single);
 }
 #endif
 
@@ -651,7 +612,6 @@ uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_climate_state(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection
                                                bool is_single) {
   auto *climate = static_cast<climate::Climate *>(entity);
   ClimateStateResponse resp;
-  fill_entity_state_base(climate, resp);
   auto traits = climate->get_traits();
   resp.mode = static_cast<enums::ClimateMode>(climate->mode);
   resp.action = static_cast<enums::ClimateAction>(climate->action);
@@ -665,20 +625,23 @@ uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_climate_state(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection
   }
   if (traits.get_supports_fan_modes() && climate->fan_mode.has_value())
     resp.fan_mode = static_cast<enums::ClimateFanMode>(climate->fan_mode.value());
-  if (!traits.get_supported_custom_fan_modes().empty() && climate->custom_fan_mode.has_value())
-    resp.custom_fan_mode = climate->custom_fan_mode.value();
+  if (!traits.get_supported_custom_fan_modes().empty() && climate->custom_fan_mode.has_value()) {
+    resp.set_custom_fan_mode(StringRef(climate->custom_fan_mode.value()));
+  }
   if (traits.get_supports_presets() && climate->preset.has_value()) {
     resp.preset = static_cast<enums::ClimatePreset>(climate->preset.value());
   }
-  if (!traits.get_supported_custom_presets().empty() && climate->custom_preset.has_value())
-    resp.custom_preset = climate->custom_preset.value();
+  if (!traits.get_supported_custom_presets().empty() && climate->custom_preset.has_value()) {
+    resp.set_custom_preset(StringRef(climate->custom_preset.value()));
+  }
   if (traits.get_supports_swing_modes())
     resp.swing_mode = static_cast<enums::ClimateSwingMode>(climate->swing_mode);
   if (traits.get_supports_current_humidity())
     resp.current_humidity = climate->current_humidity;
   if (traits.get_supports_target_humidity())
     resp.target_humidity = climate->target_humidity;
-  return encode_message_to_buffer(resp, ClimateStateResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size, is_single);
+  return fill_and_encode_entity_state(climate, resp, ClimateStateResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size,
+                                      is_single);
 }
 uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_climate_info(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection *conn, uint32_t remaining_size,
                                               bool is_single) {
@@ -689,29 +652,21 @@ uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_climate_info(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection
   msg.supports_current_humidity = traits.get_supports_current_humidity();
   msg.supports_two_point_target_temperature = traits.get_supports_two_point_target_temperature();
   msg.supports_target_humidity = traits.get_supports_target_humidity();
-  for (auto mode : traits.get_supported_modes())
-    msg.supported_modes.push_back(static_cast<enums::ClimateMode>(mode));
+  msg.supported_modes = &traits.get_supported_modes_for_api_();
   msg.visual_min_temperature = traits.get_visual_min_temperature();
   msg.visual_max_temperature = traits.get_visual_max_temperature();
   msg.visual_target_temperature_step = traits.get_visual_target_temperature_step();
   msg.visual_current_temperature_step = traits.get_visual_current_temperature_step();
   msg.visual_min_humidity = traits.get_visual_min_humidity();
   msg.visual_max_humidity = traits.get_visual_max_humidity();
-  msg.legacy_supports_away = traits.supports_preset(climate::CLIMATE_PRESET_AWAY);
   msg.supports_action = traits.get_supports_action();
-  for (auto fan_mode : traits.get_supported_fan_modes())
-    msg.supported_fan_modes.push_back(static_cast<enums::ClimateFanMode>(fan_mode));
-  for (auto const &custom_fan_mode : traits.get_supported_custom_fan_modes())
-    msg.supported_custom_fan_modes.push_back(custom_fan_mode);
-  for (auto preset : traits.get_supported_presets())
-    msg.supported_presets.push_back(static_cast<enums::ClimatePreset>(preset));
-  for (auto const &custom_preset : traits.get_supported_custom_presets())
-    msg.supported_custom_presets.push_back(custom_preset);
-  for (auto swing_mode : traits.get_supported_swing_modes())
-    msg.supported_swing_modes.push_back(static_cast<enums::ClimateSwingMode>(swing_mode));
-  msg.unique_id = get_default_unique_id("climate", climate);
-  fill_entity_info_base(climate, msg);
-  return encode_message_to_buffer(msg, ListEntitiesClimateResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size, is_single);
+  msg.supported_fan_modes = &traits.get_supported_fan_modes_for_api_();
+  msg.supported_custom_fan_modes = &traits.get_supported_custom_fan_modes_for_api_();
+  msg.supported_presets = &traits.get_supported_presets_for_api_();
+  msg.supported_custom_presets = &traits.get_supported_custom_presets_for_api_();
+  msg.supported_swing_modes = &traits.get_supported_swing_modes_for_api_();
+  return fill_and_encode_entity_info(climate, msg, ListEntitiesClimateResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size,
+                                     is_single);
 }
 void APIConnection::climate_command(const ClimateCommandRequest &msg) {
   ENTITY_COMMAND_MAKE_CALL(climate::Climate, climate, climate)
@@ -751,23 +706,21 @@ uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_number_state(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection
   NumberStateResponse resp;
   resp.state = number->state;
   resp.missing_state = !number->has_state();
-  fill_entity_state_base(number, resp);
-  return encode_message_to_buffer(resp, NumberStateResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size, is_single);
+  return fill_and_encode_entity_state(number, resp, NumberStateResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size, is_single);
 }
 
 uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_number_info(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection *conn, uint32_t remaining_size,
                                              bool is_single) {
   auto *number = static_cast<number::Number *>(entity);
   ListEntitiesNumberResponse msg;
-  msg.unit_of_measurement = number->traits.get_unit_of_measurement();
+  msg.set_unit_of_measurement(number->traits.get_unit_of_measurement_ref());
   msg.mode = static_cast<enums::NumberMode>(number->traits.get_mode());
-  msg.device_class = number->traits.get_device_class();
+  msg.set_device_class(number->traits.get_device_class_ref());
   msg.min_value = number->traits.get_min_value();
   msg.max_value = number->traits.get_max_value();
   msg.step = number->traits.get_step();
-  msg.unique_id = get_default_unique_id("number", number);
-  fill_entity_info_base(number, msg);
-  return encode_message_to_buffer(msg, ListEntitiesNumberResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size, is_single);
+  return fill_and_encode_entity_info(number, msg, ListEntitiesNumberResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size,
+                                     is_single);
 }
 void APIConnection::number_command(const NumberCommandRequest &msg) {
   ENTITY_COMMAND_MAKE_CALL(number::Number, number, number)
@@ -789,16 +742,14 @@ uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_date_state(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection *c
   resp.year = date->year;
   resp.month = date->month;
   resp.day = date->day;
-  fill_entity_state_base(date, resp);
-  return encode_message_to_buffer(resp, DateStateResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size, is_single);
+  return fill_and_encode_entity_state(date, resp, DateStateResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size, is_single);
 }
 uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_date_info(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection *conn, uint32_t remaining_size,
                                            bool is_single) {
   auto *date = static_cast<datetime::DateEntity *>(entity);
   ListEntitiesDateResponse msg;
-  msg.unique_id = get_default_unique_id("date", date);
-  fill_entity_info_base(date, msg);
-  return encode_message_to_buffer(msg, ListEntitiesDateResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size, is_single);
+  return fill_and_encode_entity_info(date, msg, ListEntitiesDateResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size,
+                                     is_single);
 }
 void APIConnection::date_command(const DateCommandRequest &msg) {
   ENTITY_COMMAND_MAKE_CALL(datetime::DateEntity, date, date)
@@ -820,16 +771,14 @@ uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_time_state(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection *c
   resp.hour = time->hour;
   resp.minute = time->minute;
   resp.second = time->second;
-  fill_entity_state_base(time, resp);
-  return encode_message_to_buffer(resp, TimeStateResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size, is_single);
+  return fill_and_encode_entity_state(time, resp, TimeStateResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size, is_single);
 }
 uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_time_info(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection *conn, uint32_t remaining_size,
                                            bool is_single) {
   auto *time = static_cast<datetime::TimeEntity *>(entity);
   ListEntitiesTimeResponse msg;
-  msg.unique_id = get_default_unique_id("time", time);
-  fill_entity_info_base(time, msg);
-  return encode_message_to_buffer(msg, ListEntitiesTimeResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size, is_single);
+  return fill_and_encode_entity_info(time, msg, ListEntitiesTimeResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size,
+                                     is_single);
 }
 void APIConnection::time_command(const TimeCommandRequest &msg) {
   ENTITY_COMMAND_MAKE_CALL(datetime::TimeEntity, time, time)
@@ -852,16 +801,15 @@ uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_datetime_state(EntityBase *entity, APIConnectio
     ESPTime state = datetime->state_as_esptime();
     resp.epoch_seconds = state.timestamp;
   }
-  fill_entity_state_base(datetime, resp);
-  return encode_message_to_buffer(resp, DateTimeStateResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size, is_single);
+  return fill_and_encode_entity_state(datetime, resp, DateTimeStateResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size,
+                                      is_single);
 }
 uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_datetime_info(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection *conn, uint32_t remaining_size,
                                                bool is_single) {
   auto *datetime = static_cast<datetime::DateTimeEntity *>(entity);
   ListEntitiesDateTimeResponse msg;
-  msg.unique_id = get_default_unique_id("datetime", datetime);
-  fill_entity_info_base(datetime, msg);
-  return encode_message_to_buffer(msg, ListEntitiesDateTimeResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size, is_single);
+  return fill_and_encode_entity_info(datetime, msg, ListEntitiesDateTimeResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size,
+                                     is_single);
 }
 void APIConnection::datetime_command(const DateTimeCommandRequest &msg) {
   ENTITY_COMMAND_MAKE_CALL(datetime::DateTimeEntity, datetime, datetime)
@@ -880,10 +828,9 @@ uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_text_state(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection *c
                                             bool is_single) {
   auto *text = static_cast<text::Text *>(entity);
   TextStateResponse resp;
-  resp.state = text->state;
+  resp.set_state(StringRef(text->state));
   resp.missing_state = !text->has_state();
-  fill_entity_state_base(text, resp);
-  return encode_message_to_buffer(resp, TextStateResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size, is_single);
+  return fill_and_encode_entity_state(text, resp, TextStateResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size, is_single);
 }
 
 uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_text_info(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection *conn, uint32_t remaining_size,
@@ -893,10 +840,9 @@ uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_text_info(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection *co
   msg.mode = static_cast<enums::TextMode>(text->traits.get_mode());
   msg.min_length = text->traits.get_min_length();
   msg.max_length = text->traits.get_max_length();
-  msg.pattern = text->traits.get_pattern();
-  msg.unique_id = get_default_unique_id("text", text);
-  fill_entity_info_base(text, msg);
-  return encode_message_to_buffer(msg, ListEntitiesTextResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size, is_single);
+  msg.set_pattern(text->traits.get_pattern_ref());
+  return fill_and_encode_entity_info(text, msg, ListEntitiesTextResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size,
+                                     is_single);
 }
 void APIConnection::text_command(const TextCommandRequest &msg) {
   ENTITY_COMMAND_MAKE_CALL(text::Text, text, text)
@@ -915,21 +861,18 @@ uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_select_state(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection
                                               bool is_single) {
   auto *select = static_cast<select::Select *>(entity);
   SelectStateResponse resp;
-  resp.state = select->state;
+  resp.set_state(StringRef(select->state));
   resp.missing_state = !select->has_state();
-  fill_entity_state_base(select, resp);
-  return encode_message_to_buffer(resp, SelectStateResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size, is_single);
+  return fill_and_encode_entity_state(select, resp, SelectStateResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size, is_single);
 }
 
 uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_select_info(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection *conn, uint32_t remaining_size,
                                              bool is_single) {
   auto *select = static_cast<select::Select *>(entity);
   ListEntitiesSelectResponse msg;
-  for (const auto &option : select->traits.get_options())
-    msg.options.push_back(option);
-  msg.unique_id = get_default_unique_id("select", select);
-  fill_entity_info_base(select, msg);
-  return encode_message_to_buffer(msg, ListEntitiesSelectResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size, is_single);
+  msg.options = &select->traits.get_options();
+  return fill_and_encode_entity_info(select, msg, ListEntitiesSelectResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size,
+                                     is_single);
 }
 void APIConnection::select_command(const SelectCommandRequest &msg) {
   ENTITY_COMMAND_MAKE_CALL(select::Select, select, select)
@@ -943,10 +886,9 @@ uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_button_info(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection *
                                              bool is_single) {
   auto *button = static_cast<button::Button *>(entity);
   ListEntitiesButtonResponse msg;
-  msg.device_class = button->get_device_class();
-  msg.unique_id = get_default_unique_id("button", button);
-  fill_entity_info_base(button, msg);
-  return encode_message_to_buffer(msg, ListEntitiesButtonResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size, is_single);
+  msg.set_device_class(button->get_device_class_ref());
+  return fill_and_encode_entity_info(button, msg, ListEntitiesButtonResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size,
+                                     is_single);
 }
 void esphome::api::APIConnection::button_command(const ButtonCommandRequest &msg) {
   ENTITY_COMMAND_GET(button::Button, button, button)
@@ -965,8 +907,7 @@ uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_lock_state(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection *c
   auto *a_lock = static_cast<lock::Lock *>(entity);
   LockStateResponse resp;
   resp.state = static_cast<enums::LockState>(a_lock->state);
-  fill_entity_state_base(a_lock, resp);
-  return encode_message_to_buffer(resp, LockStateResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size, is_single);
+  return fill_and_encode_entity_state(a_lock, resp, LockStateResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size, is_single);
 }
 
 uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_lock_info(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection *conn, uint32_t remaining_size,
@@ -976,9 +917,8 @@ uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_lock_info(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection *co
   msg.assumed_state = a_lock->traits.get_assumed_state();
   msg.supports_open = a_lock->traits.get_supports_open();
   msg.requires_code = a_lock->traits.get_requires_code();
-  msg.unique_id = get_default_unique_id("lock", a_lock);
-  fill_entity_info_base(a_lock, msg);
-  return encode_message_to_buffer(msg, ListEntitiesLockResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size, is_single);
+  return fill_and_encode_entity_info(a_lock, msg, ListEntitiesLockResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size,
+                                     is_single);
 }
 void APIConnection::lock_command(const LockCommandRequest &msg) {
   ENTITY_COMMAND_GET(lock::Lock, a_lock, lock)
@@ -1008,21 +948,19 @@ uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_valve_state(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection *
   ValveStateResponse resp;
   resp.position = valve->position;
   resp.current_operation = static_cast<enums::ValveOperation>(valve->current_operation);
-  fill_entity_state_base(valve, resp);
-  return encode_message_to_buffer(resp, ValveStateResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size, is_single);
+  return fill_and_encode_entity_state(valve, resp, ValveStateResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size, is_single);
 }
 uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_valve_info(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection *conn, uint32_t remaining_size,
                                             bool is_single) {
   auto *valve = static_cast<valve::Valve *>(entity);
   ListEntitiesValveResponse msg;
   auto traits = valve->get_traits();
-  msg.device_class = valve->get_device_class();
+  msg.set_device_class(valve->get_device_class_ref());
   msg.assumed_state = traits.get_is_assumed_state();
   msg.supports_position = traits.get_supports_position();
   msg.supports_stop = traits.get_supports_stop();
-  msg.unique_id = get_default_unique_id("valve", valve);
-  fill_entity_info_base(valve, msg);
-  return encode_message_to_buffer(msg, ListEntitiesValveResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size, is_single);
+  return fill_and_encode_entity_info(valve, msg, ListEntitiesValveResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size,
+                                     is_single);
 }
 void APIConnection::valve_command(const ValveCommandRequest &msg) {
   ENTITY_COMMAND_MAKE_CALL(valve::Valve, valve, valve)
@@ -1049,8 +987,8 @@ uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_media_player_state(EntityBase *entity, APIConne
   resp.state = static_cast<enums::MediaPlayerState>(report_state);
   resp.volume = media_player->volume;
   resp.muted = media_player->is_muted();
-  fill_entity_state_base(media_player, resp);
-  return encode_message_to_buffer(resp, MediaPlayerStateResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size, is_single);
+  return fill_and_encode_entity_state(media_player, resp, MediaPlayerStateResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size,
+                                      is_single);
 }
 uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_media_player_info(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection *conn, uint32_t remaining_size,
                                                    bool is_single) {
@@ -1058,18 +996,18 @@ uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_media_player_info(EntityBase *entity, APIConnec
   ListEntitiesMediaPlayerResponse msg;
   auto traits = media_player->get_traits();
   msg.supports_pause = traits.get_supports_pause();
+  msg.feature_flags = traits.get_feature_flags();
   for (auto &supported_format : traits.get_supported_formats()) {
-    MediaPlayerSupportedFormat media_format;
-    media_format.format = supported_format.format;
+    msg.supported_formats.emplace_back();
+    auto &media_format = msg.supported_formats.back();
+    media_format.set_format(StringRef(supported_format.format));
     media_format.sample_rate = supported_format.sample_rate;
     media_format.num_channels = supported_format.num_channels;
     media_format.purpose = static_cast<enums::MediaPlayerFormatPurpose>(supported_format.purpose);
     media_format.sample_bytes = supported_format.sample_bytes;
-    msg.supported_formats.push_back(media_format);
   }
-  msg.unique_id = get_default_unique_id("media_player", media_player);
-  fill_entity_info_base(media_player, msg);
-  return encode_message_to_buffer(msg, ListEntitiesMediaPlayerResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size, is_single);
+  return fill_and_encode_entity_info(media_player, msg, ListEntitiesMediaPlayerResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn,
+                                     remaining_size, is_single);
 }
 void APIConnection::media_player_command(const MediaPlayerCommandRequest &msg) {
   ENTITY_COMMAND_MAKE_CALL(media_player::MediaPlayer, media_player, media_player)
@@ -1104,9 +1042,8 @@ uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_camera_info(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection *
                                              bool is_single) {
   auto *camera = static_cast<camera::Camera *>(entity);
   ListEntitiesCameraResponse msg;
-  msg.unique_id = get_default_unique_id("camera", camera);
-  fill_entity_info_base(camera, msg);
-  return encode_message_to_buffer(msg, ListEntitiesCameraResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size, is_single);
+  return fill_and_encode_entity_info(camera, msg, ListEntitiesCameraResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size,
+                                     is_single);
 }
 void APIConnection::camera_image(const CameraImageRequest &msg) {
   if (camera::Camera::instance() == nullptr)
@@ -1130,6 +1067,12 @@ void APIConnection::on_get_time_response(const GetTimeResponse &value) {
 }
 #endif
 
+bool APIConnection::send_get_time_response(const GetTimeRequest &msg) {
+  GetTimeResponse resp;
+  resp.epoch_seconds = ::time(nullptr);
+  return this->send_message(resp, GetTimeResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE);
+}
+
 #ifdef USE_BLUETOOTH_PROXY
 void APIConnection::subscribe_bluetooth_le_advertisements(const SubscribeBluetoothLEAdvertisementsRequest &msg) {
   bluetooth_proxy::global_bluetooth_proxy->subscribe_api_connection(this, msg.flags);
@@ -1137,21 +1080,6 @@ void APIConnection::subscribe_bluetooth_le_advertisements(const SubscribeBluetoo
 void APIConnection::unsubscribe_bluetooth_le_advertisements(const UnsubscribeBluetoothLEAdvertisementsRequest &msg) {
   bluetooth_proxy::global_bluetooth_proxy->unsubscribe_api_connection(this);
 }
-bool APIConnection::send_bluetooth_le_advertisement(const BluetoothLEAdvertisementResponse &msg) {
-  if (this->client_api_version_major_ < 1 || this->client_api_version_minor_ < 7) {
-    BluetoothLEAdvertisementResponse resp = msg;
-    for (auto &service : resp.service_data) {
-      service.legacy_data.assign(service.data.begin(), service.data.end());
-      service.data.clear();
-    }
-    for (auto &manufacturer_data : resp.manufacturer_data) {
-      manufacturer_data.legacy_data.assign(manufacturer_data.data.begin(), manufacturer_data.data.end());
-      manufacturer_data.data.clear();
-    }
-    return this->send_message(resp);
-  }
-  return this->send_message(msg);
-}
 void APIConnection::bluetooth_device_request(const BluetoothDeviceRequest &msg) {
   bluetooth_proxy::global_bluetooth_proxy->bluetooth_device_request(msg);
 }
@@ -1175,12 +1103,10 @@ void APIConnection::bluetooth_gatt_notify(const BluetoothGATTNotifyRequest &msg)
   bluetooth_proxy::global_bluetooth_proxy->bluetooth_gatt_notify(msg);
 }
 
-BluetoothConnectionsFreeResponse APIConnection::subscribe_bluetooth_connections_free(
+bool APIConnection::send_subscribe_bluetooth_connections_free_response(
     const SubscribeBluetoothConnectionsFreeRequest &msg) {
-  BluetoothConnectionsFreeResponse resp;
-  resp.free = bluetooth_proxy::global_bluetooth_proxy->get_bluetooth_connections_free();
-  resp.limit = bluetooth_proxy::global_bluetooth_proxy->get_bluetooth_connections_limit();
-  return resp;
+  bluetooth_proxy::global_bluetooth_proxy->send_connections_free(this);
+  return true;
 }
 
 void APIConnection::bluetooth_scanner_set_mode(const BluetoothScannerSetModeRequest &msg) {
@@ -1241,28 +1167,25 @@ void APIConnection::on_voice_assistant_announce_request(const VoiceAssistantAnno
   }
 }
 
-VoiceAssistantConfigurationResponse APIConnection::voice_assistant_get_configuration(
-    const VoiceAssistantConfigurationRequest &msg) {
+bool APIConnection::send_voice_assistant_get_configuration_response(const VoiceAssistantConfigurationRequest &msg) {
   VoiceAssistantConfigurationResponse resp;
   if (!this->check_voice_assistant_api_connection_()) {
-    return resp;
+    return this->send_message(resp, VoiceAssistantConfigurationResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE);
   }
 
   auto &config = voice_assistant::global_voice_assistant->get_configuration();
   for (auto &wake_word : config.available_wake_words) {
-    VoiceAssistantWakeWord resp_wake_word;
-    resp_wake_word.id = wake_word.id;
-    resp_wake_word.wake_word = wake_word.wake_word;
+    resp.available_wake_words.emplace_back();
+    auto &resp_wake_word = resp.available_wake_words.back();
+    resp_wake_word.set_id(StringRef(wake_word.id));
+    resp_wake_word.set_wake_word(StringRef(wake_word.wake_word));
     for (const auto &lang : wake_word.trained_languages) {
       resp_wake_word.trained_languages.push_back(lang);
     }
-    resp.available_wake_words.push_back(std::move(resp_wake_word));
-  }
-  for (auto &wake_word_id : config.active_wake_words) {
-    resp.active_wake_words.push_back(wake_word_id);
   }
+  resp.active_wake_words = &config.active_wake_words;
   resp.max_active_wake_words = config.max_active_wake_words;
-  return resp;
+  return this->send_message(resp, VoiceAssistantConfigurationResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE);
 }
 
 void APIConnection::voice_assistant_set_configuration(const VoiceAssistantSetConfiguration &msg) {
@@ -1284,8 +1207,8 @@ uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_alarm_control_panel_state(EntityBase *entity, A
   auto *a_alarm_control_panel = static_cast<alarm_control_panel::AlarmControlPanel *>(entity);
   AlarmControlPanelStateResponse resp;
   resp.state = static_cast<enums::AlarmControlPanelState>(a_alarm_control_panel->get_state());
-  fill_entity_state_base(a_alarm_control_panel, resp);
-  return encode_message_to_buffer(resp, AlarmControlPanelStateResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size, is_single);
+  return fill_and_encode_entity_state(a_alarm_control_panel, resp, AlarmControlPanelStateResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn,
+                                      remaining_size, is_single);
 }
 uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_alarm_control_panel_info(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection *conn,
                                                           uint32_t remaining_size, bool is_single) {
@@ -1294,10 +1217,8 @@ uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_alarm_control_panel_info(EntityBase *entity, AP
   msg.supported_features = a_alarm_control_panel->get_supported_features();
   msg.requires_code = a_alarm_control_panel->get_requires_code();
   msg.requires_code_to_arm = a_alarm_control_panel->get_requires_code_to_arm();
-  msg.unique_id = get_default_unique_id("alarm_control_panel", a_alarm_control_panel);
-  fill_entity_info_base(a_alarm_control_panel, msg);
-  return encode_message_to_buffer(msg, ListEntitiesAlarmControlPanelResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size,
-                                  is_single);
+  return fill_and_encode_entity_info(a_alarm_control_panel, msg, ListEntitiesAlarmControlPanelResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE,
+                                     conn, remaining_size, is_single);
 }
 void APIConnection::alarm_control_panel_command(const AlarmControlPanelCommandRequest &msg) {
   ENTITY_COMMAND_MAKE_CALL(alarm_control_panel::AlarmControlPanel, a_alarm_control_panel, alarm_control_panel)
@@ -1337,21 +1258,19 @@ void APIConnection::send_event(event::Event *event, const std::string &event_typ
 uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_event_response(event::Event *event, const std::string &event_type, APIConnection *conn,
                                                 uint32_t remaining_size, bool is_single) {
   EventResponse resp;
-  resp.event_type = event_type;
-  fill_entity_state_base(event, resp);
-  return encode_message_to_buffer(resp, EventResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size, is_single);
+  resp.set_event_type(StringRef(event_type));
+  return fill_and_encode_entity_state(event, resp, EventResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size, is_single);
 }
 
 uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_event_info(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection *conn, uint32_t remaining_size,
                                             bool is_single) {
   auto *event = static_cast<event::Event *>(entity);
   ListEntitiesEventResponse msg;
-  msg.device_class = event->get_device_class();
+  msg.set_device_class(event->get_device_class_ref());
   for (const auto &event_type : event->get_event_types())
     msg.event_types.push_back(event_type);
-  msg.unique_id = get_default_unique_id("event", event);
-  fill_entity_info_base(event, msg);
-  return encode_message_to_buffer(msg, ListEntitiesEventResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size, is_single);
+  return fill_and_encode_entity_info(event, msg, ListEntitiesEventResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size,
+                                     is_single);
 }
 #endif
 
@@ -1371,23 +1290,21 @@ uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_update_state(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection
       resp.has_progress = true;
       resp.progress = update->update_info.progress;
     }
-    resp.current_version = update->update_info.current_version;
-    resp.latest_version = update->update_info.latest_version;
-    resp.title = update->update_info.title;
-    resp.release_summary = update->update_info.summary;
-    resp.release_url = update->update_info.release_url;
+    resp.set_current_version(StringRef(update->update_info.current_version));
+    resp.set_latest_version(StringRef(update->update_info.latest_version));
+    resp.set_title(StringRef(update->update_info.title));
+    resp.set_release_summary(StringRef(update->update_info.summary));
+    resp.set_release_url(StringRef(update->update_info.release_url));
   }
-  fill_entity_state_base(update, resp);
-  return encode_message_to_buffer(resp, UpdateStateResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size, is_single);
+  return fill_and_encode_entity_state(update, resp, UpdateStateResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size, is_single);
 }
 uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_update_info(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection *conn, uint32_t remaining_size,
                                              bool is_single) {
   auto *update = static_cast<update::UpdateEntity *>(entity);
   ListEntitiesUpdateResponse msg;
-  msg.device_class = update->get_device_class();
-  msg.unique_id = get_default_unique_id("update", update);
-  fill_entity_info_base(update, msg);
-  return encode_message_to_buffer(msg, ListEntitiesUpdateResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size, is_single);
+  msg.set_device_class(update->get_device_class_ref());
+  return fill_and_encode_entity_info(update, msg, ListEntitiesUpdateResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size,
+                                     is_single);
 }
 void APIConnection::update_command(const UpdateCommandRequest &msg) {
   ENTITY_COMMAND_GET(update::UpdateEntity, update, update)
@@ -1410,50 +1327,57 @@ void APIConnection::update_command(const UpdateCommandRequest &msg) {
 #endif
 
 bool APIConnection::try_send_log_message(int level, const char *tag, const char *line, size_t message_len) {
-  if (this->flags_.log_subscription < level)
-    return false;
-
-  // Pre-calculate message size to avoid reallocations
-  uint32_t msg_size = 0;
-
-  // Add size for level field (field ID 1, varint type)
-  // 1 byte for field tag + size of the level varint
-  msg_size += 1 + api::ProtoSize::varint(static_cast<uint32_t>(level));
-
-  // Add size for string field (field ID 3, string type)
-  // 1 byte for field tag + size of length varint + string length
-  msg_size += 1 + api::ProtoSize::varint(static_cast<uint32_t>(message_len)) + message_len;
-
-  // Create a pre-sized buffer
-  auto buffer = this->create_buffer(msg_size);
+  SubscribeLogsResponse msg;
+  msg.level = static_cast<enums::LogLevel>(level);
+  msg.set_message(reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t *>(line), message_len);
+  return this->send_message_(msg, SubscribeLogsResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE);
+}
 
-  // Encode the message (SubscribeLogsResponse)
-  buffer.encode_uint32(1, static_cast<uint32_t>(level));  // LogLevel level = 1
-  buffer.encode_string(3, line, message_len);             // string message = 3
+void APIConnection::complete_authentication_() {
+  // Early return if already authenticated
+  if (this->flags_.connection_state == static_cast<uint8_t>(ConnectionState::AUTHENTICATED)) {
+    return;
+  }
 
-  // SubscribeLogsResponse - 29
-  return this->send_buffer(buffer, SubscribeLogsResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE);
+  this->flags_.connection_state = static_cast<uint8_t>(ConnectionState::AUTHENTICATED);
+  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "%s connected", this->get_client_combined_info().c_str());
+#ifdef USE_API_CLIENT_CONNECTED_TRIGGER
+  this->parent_->get_client_connected_trigger()->trigger(this->client_info_.name, this->client_info_.peername);
+#endif
+#ifdef USE_HOMEASSISTANT_TIME
+  if (homeassistant::global_homeassistant_time != nullptr) {
+    this->send_time_request();
+  }
+#endif
 }
 
-HelloResponse APIConnection::hello(const HelloRequest &msg) {
-  this->client_info_ = msg.client_info;
-  this->client_peername_ = this->helper_->getpeername();
-  this->helper_->set_log_info(this->get_client_combined_info());
+bool APIConnection::send_hello_response(const HelloRequest &msg) {
+  this->client_info_.name = msg.client_info;
+  this->client_info_.peername = this->helper_->getpeername();
   this->client_api_version_major_ = msg.api_version_major;
   this->client_api_version_minor_ = msg.api_version_minor;
-  ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Hello from client: '%s' | %s | API Version %" PRIu32 ".%" PRIu32, this->client_info_.c_str(),
-           this->client_peername_.c_str(), this->client_api_version_major_, this->client_api_version_minor_);
+  ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Hello from client: '%s' | %s | API Version %" PRIu32 ".%" PRIu32, this->client_info_.name.c_str(),
+           this->client_info_.peername.c_str(), this->client_api_version_major_, this->client_api_version_minor_);
 
   HelloResponse resp;
   resp.api_version_major = 1;
-  resp.api_version_minor = 10;
-  resp.server_info = App.get_name() + " (esphome v" ESPHOME_VERSION ")";
-  resp.name = App.get_name();
+  resp.api_version_minor = 12;
+  // Temporary string for concatenation - will be valid during send_message call
+  std::string server_info = App.get_name() + " (esphome v" ESPHOME_VERSION ")";
+  resp.set_server_info(StringRef(server_info));
+  resp.set_name(StringRef(App.get_name()));
 
+#ifdef USE_API_PASSWORD
+  // Password required - wait for authentication
   this->flags_.connection_state = static_cast<uint8_t>(ConnectionState::CONNECTED);
-  return resp;
+#else
+  // No password configured - auto-authenticate
+  this->complete_authentication_();
+#endif
+
+  return this->send_message(resp, HelloResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE);
 }
-ConnectResponse APIConnection::connect(const ConnectRequest &msg) {
+bool APIConnection::send_connect_response(const ConnectRequest &msg) {
   bool correct = true;
 #ifdef USE_API_PASSWORD
   correct = this->parent_->check_password(msg.password);
@@ -1463,87 +1387,106 @@ ConnectResponse APIConnection::connect(const ConnectRequest &msg) {
   // bool invalid_password = 1;
   resp.invalid_password = !correct;
   if (correct) {
-    ESP_LOGD(TAG, "%s connected", this->get_client_combined_info().c_str());
-    this->flags_.connection_state = static_cast<uint8_t>(ConnectionState::AUTHENTICATED);
-#ifdef USE_API_CLIENT_CONNECTED_TRIGGER
-    this->parent_->get_client_connected_trigger()->trigger(this->client_info_, this->client_peername_);
-#endif
-#ifdef USE_HOMEASSISTANT_TIME
-    if (homeassistant::global_homeassistant_time != nullptr) {
-      this->send_time_request();
-    }
-#endif
+    this->complete_authentication_();
   }
-  return resp;
+  return this->send_message(resp, ConnectResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE);
+}
+
+bool APIConnection::send_ping_response(const PingRequest &msg) {
+  PingResponse resp;
+  return this->send_message(resp, PingResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE);
 }
-DeviceInfoResponse APIConnection::device_info(const DeviceInfoRequest &msg) {
+
+bool APIConnection::send_device_info_response(const DeviceInfoRequest &msg) {
   DeviceInfoResponse resp{};
 #ifdef USE_API_PASSWORD
-  resp.uses_password = this->parent_->uses_password();
-#else
-  resp.uses_password = false;
-#endif
-  resp.name = App.get_name();
-  resp.friendly_name = App.get_friendly_name();
-  resp.suggested_area = App.get_area();
-  resp.mac_address = get_mac_address_pretty();
-  resp.esphome_version = ESPHOME_VERSION;
-  resp.compilation_time = App.get_compilation_time();
+  resp.uses_password = true;
+#endif
+  resp.set_name(StringRef(App.get_name()));
+  resp.set_friendly_name(StringRef(App.get_friendly_name()));
+#ifdef USE_AREAS
+  resp.set_suggested_area(StringRef(App.get_area()));
+#endif
+  // mac_address must store temporary string - will be valid during send_message call
+  std::string mac_address = get_mac_address_pretty();
+  resp.set_mac_address(StringRef(mac_address));
+
+  // Compile-time StringRef constants
+  static constexpr auto ESPHOME_VERSION_REF = StringRef::from_lit(ESPHOME_VERSION);
+  resp.set_esphome_version(ESPHOME_VERSION_REF);
+
+  // get_compilation_time() returns temporary std::string - must store it
+  std::string compilation_time = App.get_compilation_time();
+  resp.set_compilation_time(StringRef(compilation_time));
+
+  // Compile-time StringRef constants for manufacturers
 #if defined(USE_ESP8266) || defined(USE_ESP32)
-  resp.manufacturer = "Espressif";
+  static constexpr auto MANUFACTURER = StringRef::from_lit("Espressif");
 #elif defined(USE_RP2040)
-  resp.manufacturer = "Raspberry Pi";
+  static constexpr auto MANUFACTURER = StringRef::from_lit("Raspberry Pi");
 #elif defined(USE_BK72XX)
-  resp.manufacturer = "Beken";
+  static constexpr auto MANUFACTURER = StringRef::from_lit("Beken");
 #elif defined(USE_LN882X)
-  resp.manufacturer = "Lightning";
+  static constexpr auto MANUFACTURER = StringRef::from_lit("Lightning");
 #elif defined(USE_RTL87XX)
-  resp.manufacturer = "Realtek";
+  static constexpr auto MANUFACTURER = StringRef::from_lit("Realtek");
 #elif defined(USE_HOST)
-  resp.manufacturer = "Host";
+  static constexpr auto MANUFACTURER = StringRef::from_lit("Host");
 #endif
-  resp.model = ESPHOME_BOARD;
+  resp.set_manufacturer(MANUFACTURER);
+
+  static constexpr auto MODEL = StringRef::from_lit(ESPHOME_BOARD);
+  resp.set_model(MODEL);
 #ifdef USE_DEEP_SLEEP
   resp.has_deep_sleep = deep_sleep::global_has_deep_sleep;
 #endif
 #ifdef ESPHOME_PROJECT_NAME
-  resp.project_name = ESPHOME_PROJECT_NAME;
-  resp.project_version = ESPHOME_PROJECT_VERSION;
+  static constexpr auto PROJECT_NAME = StringRef::from_lit(ESPHOME_PROJECT_NAME);
+  static constexpr auto PROJECT_VERSION = StringRef::from_lit(ESPHOME_PROJECT_VERSION);
+  resp.set_project_name(PROJECT_NAME);
+  resp.set_project_version(PROJECT_VERSION);
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_WEBSERVER
   resp.webserver_port = USE_WEBSERVER_PORT;
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_BLUETOOTH_PROXY
-  resp.legacy_bluetooth_proxy_version = bluetooth_proxy::global_bluetooth_proxy->get_legacy_version();
   resp.bluetooth_proxy_feature_flags = bluetooth_proxy::global_bluetooth_proxy->get_feature_flags();
-  resp.bluetooth_mac_address = bluetooth_proxy::global_bluetooth_proxy->get_bluetooth_mac_address_pretty();
+  // bt_mac must store temporary string - will be valid during send_message call
+  std::string bluetooth_mac = bluetooth_proxy::global_bluetooth_proxy->get_bluetooth_mac_address_pretty();
+  resp.set_bluetooth_mac_address(StringRef(bluetooth_mac));
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_VOICE_ASSISTANT
-  resp.legacy_voice_assistant_version = voice_assistant::global_voice_assistant->get_legacy_version();
   resp.voice_assistant_feature_flags = voice_assistant::global_voice_assistant->get_feature_flags();
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_API_NOISE
   resp.api_encryption_supported = true;
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_DEVICES
+  size_t device_index = 0;
   for (auto const &device : App.get_devices()) {
-    DeviceInfo device_info;
+    if (device_index >= ESPHOME_DEVICE_COUNT)
+      break;
+    auto &device_info = resp.devices[device_index++];
     device_info.device_id = device->get_device_id();
-    device_info.name = device->get_name();
+    device_info.set_name(StringRef(device->get_name()));
     device_info.area_id = device->get_area_id();
-    resp.devices.push_back(device_info);
   }
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_AREAS
+  size_t area_index = 0;
   for (auto const &area : App.get_areas()) {
-    AreaInfo area_info;
+    if (area_index >= ESPHOME_AREA_COUNT)
+      break;
+    auto &area_info = resp.areas[area_index++];
     area_info.area_id = area->get_area_id();
-    area_info.name = area->get_name();
-    resp.areas.push_back(area_info);
+    area_info.set_name(StringRef(area->get_name()));
   }
 #endif
-  return resp;
+
+  return this->send_message(resp, DeviceInfoResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE);
 }
+
+#ifdef USE_API_HOMEASSISTANT_STATES
 void APIConnection::on_home_assistant_state_response(const HomeAssistantStateResponse &msg) {
   for (auto &it : this->parent_->get_state_subs()) {
     if (it.entity_id == msg.entity_id && it.attribute.value() == msg.attribute) {
@@ -1551,6 +1494,7 @@ void APIConnection::on_home_assistant_state_response(const HomeAssistantStateRes
     }
   }
 }
+#endif
 #ifdef USE_API_SERVICES
 void APIConnection::execute_service(const ExecuteServiceRequest &msg) {
   bool found = false;
@@ -1565,28 +1509,27 @@ void APIConnection::execute_service(const ExecuteServiceRequest &msg) {
 }
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_API_NOISE
-NoiseEncryptionSetKeyResponse APIConnection::noise_encryption_set_key(const NoiseEncryptionSetKeyRequest &msg) {
-  psk_t psk{};
+bool APIConnection::send_noise_encryption_set_key_response(const NoiseEncryptionSetKeyRequest &msg) {
   NoiseEncryptionSetKeyResponse resp;
+  resp.success = false;
+
+  psk_t psk{};
   if (base64_decode(msg.key, psk.data(), msg.key.size()) != psk.size()) {
     ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Invalid encryption key length");
-    resp.success = false;
-    return resp;
-  }
-
-  if (!this->parent_->save_noise_psk(psk, true)) {
+  } else if (!this->parent_->save_noise_psk(psk, true)) {
     ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Failed to save encryption key");
-    resp.success = false;
-    return resp;
+  } else {
+    resp.success = true;
   }
 
-  resp.success = true;
-  return resp;
+  return this->send_message(resp, NoiseEncryptionSetKeyResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE);
 }
 #endif
+#ifdef USE_API_HOMEASSISTANT_STATES
 void APIConnection::subscribe_home_assistant_states(const SubscribeHomeAssistantStatesRequest &msg) {
   state_subs_at_ = 0;
 }
+#endif
 bool APIConnection::try_to_clear_buffer(bool log_out_of_space) {
   if (this->flags_.remove)
     return false;
@@ -1596,8 +1539,7 @@ bool APIConnection::try_to_clear_buffer(bool log_out_of_space) {
   APIError err = this->helper_->loop();
   if (err != APIError::OK) {
     on_fatal_error();
-    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "%s: Socket operation failed: %s errno=%d", this->get_client_combined_info().c_str(),
-             api_error_to_str(err), errno);
+    this->log_socket_operation_failed_(err);
     return false;
   }
   if (this->helper_->can_write_without_blocking())
@@ -1617,24 +1559,21 @@ bool APIConnection::send_buffer(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer, uint8_t message_type) {
     return false;
   if (err != APIError::OK) {
     on_fatal_error();
-    if (err == APIError::SOCKET_WRITE_FAILED && errno == ECONNRESET) {
-      ESP_LOGW(TAG, "%s: Connection reset", this->get_client_combined_info().c_str());
-    } else {
-      ESP_LOGW(TAG, "%s: Packet write failed %s errno=%d", this->get_client_combined_info().c_str(),
-               api_error_to_str(err), errno);
-    }
+    this->log_warning_("Packet write failed", err);
     return false;
   }
   // Do not set last_traffic_ on send
   return true;
 }
+#ifdef USE_API_PASSWORD
 void APIConnection::on_unauthenticated_access() {
   this->on_fatal_error();
-  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "%s requested access without authentication", this->get_client_combined_info().c_str());
+  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "%s access without authentication", this->get_client_combined_info().c_str());
 }
+#endif
 void APIConnection::on_no_setup_connection() {
   this->on_fatal_error();
-  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "%s requested access without full connection", this->get_client_combined_info().c_str());
+  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "%s access without full connection", this->get_client_combined_info().c_str());
 }
 void APIConnection::on_fatal_error() {
   this->helper_->close();
@@ -1662,8 +1601,15 @@ void APIConnection::DeferredBatch::add_item(EntityBase *entity, MessageCreator c
 
 void APIConnection::DeferredBatch::add_item_front(EntityBase *entity, MessageCreator creator, uint8_t message_type,
                                                   uint8_t estimated_size) {
-  // Insert at front for high priority messages (no deduplication check)
-  items.insert(items.begin(), BatchItem(entity, std::move(creator), message_type, estimated_size));
+  // Add high priority message and swap to front
+  // This avoids expensive vector::insert which shifts all elements
+  // Note: We only ever have one high-priority message at a time (ping OR disconnect)
+  // If we're disconnecting, pings are blocked, so this simple swap is sufficient
+  items.emplace_back(entity, std::move(creator), message_type, estimated_size);
+  if (items.size() > 1) {
+    // Swap the new high-priority item to the front
+    std::swap(items.front(), items.back());
+  }
 }
 
 bool APIConnection::schedule_batch_() {
@@ -1683,6 +1629,10 @@ ProtoWriteBuffer APIConnection::allocate_batch_message_buffer(uint16_t size) {
 }
 
 void APIConnection::process_batch_() {
+  // Ensure PacketInfo remains trivially destructible for our placement new approach
+  static_assert(std::is_trivially_destructible<PacketInfo>::value,
+                "PacketInfo must remain trivially destructible with this placement-new approach");
+
   if (this->deferred_batch_.empty()) {
     this->flags_.batch_scheduled = false;
     return;
@@ -1694,6 +1644,8 @@ void APIConnection::process_batch_() {
     return;
   }
 
+  // Get shared buffer reference once to avoid multiple calls
+  auto &shared_buf = this->parent_->get_shared_buffer_ref();
   size_t num_items = this->deferred_batch_.size();
 
   // Fast path for single message - allocate exact size needed
@@ -1704,8 +1656,7 @@ void APIConnection::process_batch_() {
     uint16_t payload_size =
         item.creator(item.entity, this, std::numeric_limits<uint16_t>::max(), true, item.message_type);
 
-    if (payload_size > 0 &&
-        this->send_buffer(ProtoWriteBuffer{&this->parent_->get_shared_buffer_ref()}, item.message_type)) {
+    if (payload_size > 0 && this->send_buffer(ProtoWriteBuffer{&shared_buf}, item.message_type)) {
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
       // Log messages after send attempt for VV debugging
       // It's safe to use the buffer for logging at this point regardless of send result
@@ -1720,29 +1671,30 @@ void APIConnection::process_batch_() {
     return;
   }
 
-  // Pre-allocate storage for packet info
-  std::vector<PacketInfo> packet_info;
-  packet_info.reserve(num_items);
+  size_t packets_to_process = std::min(num_items, MAX_PACKETS_PER_BATCH);
+
+  // Stack-allocated array for packet info
+  alignas(PacketInfo) char packet_info_storage[MAX_PACKETS_PER_BATCH * sizeof(PacketInfo)];
+  PacketInfo *packet_info = reinterpret_cast<PacketInfo *>(packet_info_storage);
+  size_t packet_count = 0;
 
   // Cache these values to avoid repeated virtual calls
   const uint8_t header_padding = this->helper_->frame_header_padding();
   const uint8_t footer_size = this->helper_->frame_footer_size();
 
   // Initialize buffer and tracking variables
-  this->parent_->get_shared_buffer_ref().clear();
+  shared_buf.clear();
 
   // Pre-calculate exact buffer size needed based on message types
-  uint32_t total_estimated_size = 0;
+  uint32_t total_estimated_size = num_items * (header_padding + footer_size);
   for (size_t i = 0; i < this->deferred_batch_.size(); i++) {
     const auto &item = this->deferred_batch_[i];
     total_estimated_size += item.estimated_size;
   }
 
   // Calculate total overhead for all messages
-  uint32_t total_overhead = (header_padding + footer_size) * num_items;
-
   // Reserve based on estimated size (much more accurate than 24-byte worst-case)
-  this->parent_->get_shared_buffer_ref().reserve(total_estimated_size + total_overhead);
+  shared_buf.reserve(total_estimated_size);
   this->flags_.batch_first_message = true;
 
   size_t items_processed = 0;
@@ -1754,8 +1706,8 @@ void APIConnection::process_batch_() {
   // The actual message data follows after the header padding
   uint32_t current_offset = 0;
 
-  // Process items and encode directly to buffer
-  for (size_t i = 0; i < this->deferred_batch_.size(); i++) {
+  // Process items and encode directly to buffer (up to our limit)
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < packets_to_process; i++) {
     const auto &item = this->deferred_batch_[i];
     // Try to encode message
     // The creator will calculate overhead to determine if the message fits
@@ -1769,7 +1721,11 @@ void APIConnection::process_batch_() {
     // Message was encoded successfully
     // payload_size is header_padding + actual payload size + footer_size
     uint16_t proto_payload_size = payload_size - header_padding - footer_size;
-    packet_info.emplace_back(item.message_type, current_offset, proto_payload_size);
+    // Use placement new to construct PacketInfo in pre-allocated stack array
+    // This avoids default-constructing all MAX_PACKETS_PER_BATCH elements
+    // Explicit destruction is not needed because PacketInfo is trivially destructible,
+    // as ensured by the static_assert in its definition.
+    new (&packet_info[packet_count++]) PacketInfo(item.message_type, current_offset, proto_payload_size);
 
     // Update tracking variables
     items_processed++;
@@ -1780,7 +1736,7 @@ void APIConnection::process_batch_() {
     remaining_size -= payload_size;
     // Calculate where the next message's header padding will start
     // Current buffer size + footer space (that prepare_message_buffer will add for this message)
-    current_offset = this->parent_->get_shared_buffer_ref().size() + footer_size;
+    current_offset = shared_buf.size() + footer_size;
   }
 
   if (items_processed == 0) {
@@ -1790,21 +1746,15 @@ void APIConnection::process_batch_() {
 
   // Add footer space for the last message (for Noise protocol MAC)
   if (footer_size > 0) {
-    auto &shared_buf = this->parent_->get_shared_buffer_ref();
     shared_buf.resize(shared_buf.size() + footer_size);
   }
 
   // Send all collected packets
-  APIError err =
-      this->helper_->write_protobuf_packets(ProtoWriteBuffer{&this->parent_->get_shared_buffer_ref()}, packet_info);
+  APIError err = this->helper_->write_protobuf_packets(ProtoWriteBuffer{&shared_buf},
+                                                       std::span<const PacketInfo>(packet_info, packet_count));
   if (err != APIError::OK && err != APIError::WOULD_BLOCK) {
     on_fatal_error();
-    if (err == APIError::SOCKET_WRITE_FAILED && errno == ECONNRESET) {
-      ESP_LOGW(TAG, "%s: Connection reset during batch write", this->get_client_combined_info().c_str());
-    } else {
-      ESP_LOGW(TAG, "%s: Batch write failed %s errno=%d", this->get_client_combined_info().c_str(),
-               api_error_to_str(err), errno);
-    }
+    this->log_warning_("Batch write failed", err);
   }
 
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
@@ -1860,6 +1810,33 @@ uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_ping_request(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection
   return encode_message_to_buffer(req, PingRequest::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size, is_single);
 }
 
-}  // namespace api
-}  // namespace esphome
+#ifdef USE_API_HOMEASSISTANT_STATES
+void APIConnection::process_state_subscriptions_() {
+  const auto &subs = this->parent_->get_state_subs();
+  if (this->state_subs_at_ >= static_cast<int>(subs.size())) {
+    this->state_subs_at_ = -1;
+    return;
+  }
+
+  const auto &it = subs[this->state_subs_at_];
+  SubscribeHomeAssistantStateResponse resp;
+  resp.set_entity_id(StringRef(it.entity_id));
+
+  // Avoid string copy by directly using the optional's value if it exists
+  resp.set_attribute(it.attribute.has_value() ? StringRef(it.attribute.value()) : StringRef(""));
+
+  resp.once = it.once;
+  if (this->send_message(resp, SubscribeHomeAssistantStateResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE)) {
+    this->state_subs_at_++;
+  }
+}
+#endif  // USE_API_HOMEASSISTANT_STATES
+
+void APIConnection::log_warning_(const char *message, APIError err) {
+  ESP_LOGW(TAG, "%s: %s %s errno=%d", this->get_client_combined_info().c_str(), message, api_error_to_str(err), errno);
+}
+
+void APIConnection::log_socket_operation_failed_(APIError err) { this->log_warning_("Socket operation failed", err); }
+
+}  // namespace esphome::api
 #endif