epanet-plus 0.0.1__cp311-cp311-macosx_10_9_x86_64.whl

epanet-src/hydsolver.c

@@ -0,0 +1,781 @@
+/*
+ ******************************************************************************
+ Project:      OWA EPANET
+ Version:      2.3
+ Module:       hydsolver.c
+ Description:  computes flows and pressures throughout a pipe network using
+               Todini's Global Gradient Algorithm
+ Authors:      see AUTHORS
+ Copyright:    see AUTHORS
+ License:      see LICENSE
+ Last Updated: 06/26/2024
+ ******************************************************************************
+*/
+
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <math.h>
+
+#include "types.h"
+#include "funcs.h"
+#include "text.h"
+
+// Hydraulic balance error for network being analyzed
+typedef struct {
+    double maxheaderror;
+    double maxflowerror;
+    double maxflowchange;
+    int    maxheadlink;
+    int    maxflownode;
+    int    maxflowlink;
+} Hydbalance;
+
+// Exported functions
+int  hydsolve(Project *, int *, double *);
+
+// Imported functions
+extern int  linsolve(Smatrix *, int);  //(see SMATRIX.C)
+extern int  valvestatus(Project *);    //(see HYDSTATUS.C)
+extern int  linkstatus(Project *);     //(see HYDSTATUS.C)
+
+// Local functions
+static int    badvalve(Project *, int);
+static int    pswitch(Project *);
+
+static double newflows(Project *, Hydbalance *);
+static void   newlinkflows(Project *, Hydbalance *, double *, double *);
+static void   newemitterflows(Project *, Hydbalance *, double *, double *);
+static void   newdemandflows(Project *, Hydbalance *, double *, double *);
+static void   newleakageflows(Project *, Hydbalance *, double *, double *);
+
+static void   checkhydbalance(Project *, Hydbalance *);
+static int    hasconverged(Project *, double *, Hydbalance *);
+static int    pdaconverged(Project *);
+static void   reporthydbal(Project *, Hydbalance *);
+
+
+int  hydsolve(Project *pr, int *iter, double *relerr)
+/*
+**-------------------------------------------------------------------
+**  Input:   none
+**  Output:  *iter   = # of iterations to reach solution
+**           *relerr = convergence error in solution
+**           returns error code
+**  Purpose: solves network nodal equations for heads and flows
+**           using Todini's Gradient algorithm
+**
+**  Notes:   Status checks on CVs, pumps and pipes to tanks are made
+**           every CheckFreq iteration, up until MaxCheck iterations
+**           are reached. Status checks on control valves are made
+**           every iteration if DampLimit = 0 or only when the
+**           convergence error is at or below DampLimit. If DampLimit
+**           is > 0 then future computed flow changes are only 60% of
+**           their full value. A complete status check on all links
+**           is made when convergence is achieved. If convergence is
+**           not achieved in MaxIter trials and ExtraIter > 0 then
+**           another ExtraIter trials are made with no status changes
+**           made to any links and a warning message is generated.
+**
+**   This procedure calls linsolve() which appears in SMATRIX.C.
+**-------------------------------------------------------------------
+*/
+{
+    Network *net = &pr->network;
+    Hydraul *hyd = &pr->hydraul;
+    Smatrix *sm = &hyd->smatrix;
+    Report  *rpt = &pr->report;
+
+    int    i;                     // Node index
+    int    errcode = 0;           // Node causing solution error
+    int    nextcheck;             // Next status check trial
+    int    maxtrials;             // Max. trials for convergence
+    double newerr;                // New convergence error
+    int    valveChange;           // Valve status change flag
+    int    statChange;            // Non-valve status change flag
+    Hydbalance hydbal;            // Hydraulic balance errors
+
+    // Initialize status checking & relaxation factor
+    nextcheck = hyd->CheckFreq;
+    hyd->RelaxFactor = 1.0;
+    
+    // Initialize convergence criteria and PDA results
+    hydbal.maxheaderror = 0.0;
+    hydbal.maxflowchange = 0.0;
+    hyd->DeficientNodes = 0;
+    hyd->DemandReduction = 0.0;
+
+    // Repeat iterations until convergence or trial limit is exceeded.
+    // (ExtraIter used to increase trials in case of status cycling.)
+    if (rpt->Statflag == FULL) writerelerr(pr, 0, 0);
+    maxtrials = hyd->MaxIter;
+    if (hyd->ExtraIter > 0) maxtrials += hyd->ExtraIter;
+    *iter = 1;
+    while (*iter <= maxtrials)
+    {
+        // Compute coefficient matrices A & F and solve A*H = F
+        // where H = heads, A = Jacobian coeffs. derived from
+        // head loss gradients, & F = flow correction terms.
+        // Solution for H is returned in F from call to linsolve().
+
+        headlosscoeffs(pr);
+        matrixcoeffs(pr);
+        errcode = linsolve(sm, net->Njuncs);
+
+        // Matrix ill-conditioning problem - if control valve causing problem,
+        // fix its status & continue, otherwise quit with no solution.
+        if (errcode > 0)
+        {
+            if (badvalve(pr, sm->Order[errcode])) continue;
+            else break;
+        }
+
+        // Update current solution.
+        // (Row[i] = row of solution matrix corresponding to node i)
+        for (i = 1; i <= net->Njuncs; i++)
+        {
+            hyd->NodeHead[i] = sm->F[sm->Row[i]];   // Update heads
+        }
+        newerr = newflows(pr, &hydbal);             // Update flows
+        *relerr = newerr;
+
+        // Write convergence error to status report if called for
+        if (rpt->Statflag == FULL)
+        {
+            writerelerr(pr, *iter, *relerr);
+        }
+
+        // Apply solution damping & check for change in valve status
+        hyd->RelaxFactor = 1.0;
+        valveChange = FALSE;
+        if (hyd->DampLimit > 0.0)
+        {
+            if (*relerr <= hyd->DampLimit)
+            {
+                hyd->RelaxFactor = 0.6;
+                valveChange = valvestatus(pr);
+            }
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            valveChange = valvestatus(pr);
+        }
+
+        // Check for convergence
+        if (hasconverged(pr, relerr, &hydbal))
+        {
+            // We have convergence - quit if we are into extra iterations
+            if (*iter > hyd->MaxIter) break;
+
+            // Quit if no status changes occur
+            statChange = FALSE;
+            if (valveChange)    statChange = TRUE;
+            if (linkstatus(pr)) statChange = TRUE;
+            if (pswitch(pr))    statChange = TRUE;
+            if (!statChange)    break;
+
+            // We have a status change so continue the iterations
+            nextcheck = *iter + hyd->CheckFreq;
+        }
+
+        // No convergence yet - see if it's time for a periodic status
+        // check  on pumps, CV's, and pipes connected to tank
+        else if (*iter <= hyd->MaxCheck && *iter == nextcheck)
+        {
+            linkstatus(pr);
+            nextcheck += hyd->CheckFreq;
+        }
+        (*iter)++;
+    }
+
+    // Iterations ended - report any errors.
+    if (errcode > 0)
+    {
+        writehyderr(pr, sm->Order[errcode]);    // Ill-conditioned matrix error
+        errcode = 110;
+    }
+
+    // Save total outflow (NodeDemand) at each junction
+    for (i = 1; i <= net->Njuncs; i++)
+    {
+        hyd->NodeDemand[i] = hyd->DemandFlow[i] +
+                             hyd->EmitterFlow[i] +
+                             hyd->LeakageFlow[i];
+    }
+
+    // Save convergence info
+    hyd->RelativeError = *relerr;
+    hyd->MaxHeadError = hydbal.maxheaderror;
+    hyd->MaxFlowChange = hydbal.maxflowchange;
+    hyd->Iterations = *iter;
+    return errcode;
+}
+
+
+int  badvalve(Project *pr, int n)
+/*
+**-----------------------------------------------------------------
+**  Input:   n = node index
+**  Output:  returns 1 if node n belongs to an active control valve,
+**           0 otherwise
+**  Purpose: determines if a node belongs to an active control valve
+**           whose setting causes an inconsistent set of eqns. If so,
+**           the valve status is fixed open and a warning condition
+**           is generated.
+**-----------------------------------------------------------------
+*/
+{
+    Network *net  = &pr->network;
+    Hydraul *hyd  = &pr->hydraul;
+    Report  *rpt  = &pr->report;
+    Times   *time = &pr->times;
+
+    int i, k, n1, n2;
+    Slink *link;
+    LinkType t;
+
+    for (i = 1; i <= net->Nvalves; i++)
+    {
+        k = net->Valve[i].Link;
+        link = &net->Link[k];
+        n1 = link->N1;
+        n2 = link->N2;
+        if (n == n1 || n == n2)
+        {
+            t = link->Type;
+            if (t == PRV || t == PSV || t == FCV)
+            {
+                if (hyd->LinkStatus[k] == ACTIVE)
+                {
+                    if (rpt->Statflag == FULL)
+                    {
+                        sprintf(pr->Msg, FMT61,
+                                clocktime(rpt->Atime, time->Htime), link->ID);
+                        writeline(pr, pr->Msg);
+                    }
+                    if (link->Type == FCV) hyd->LinkStatus[k] = XFCV;
+                    else                   hyd->LinkStatus[k] = XPRESSURE;
+                    return 1;
+                }
+            }
+            return 0;
+        }
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+
+int  pswitch(Project *pr)
+/*
+**--------------------------------------------------------------
+**  Input:   none
+**  Output:  returns 1 if status of any link changes, 0 if not
+**  Purpose: adjusts settings of links controlled by junction
+**           pressures after a hydraulic solution is found
+**--------------------------------------------------------------
+*/
+{
+    Network *net = &pr->network;
+    Hydraul *hyd = &pr->hydraul;
+    Report  *rpt = &pr->report;
+
+    int   i,                 // Control statement index
+          k,                 // Index of link being controlled
+          n,                 // Node controlling link k
+          reset,             // Flag on control conditions
+          change,            // Flag for status or setting change
+          anychange = 0;     // Flag for 1 or more control actions
+    char  s;                 // Current link status
+    Slink *link;
+
+    // Check each control statement
+    for (i = 1; i <= net->Ncontrols; i++)
+    {
+        reset = 0;
+        k = net->Control[i].Link;
+        if (k <= 0) continue;
+
+        // Determine if control based on a junction, not a tank
+        n = net->Control[i].Node;
+        if (n > 0 && n <= net->Njuncs)
+        {
+            // Determine if control conditions are satisfied
+            if (net->Control[i].Type == LOWLEVEL &&
+                hyd->NodeHead[n] <= net->Control[i].Grade + hyd->Htol)
+            {
+                reset = 1;
+            }
+            if (net->Control[i].Type == HILEVEL &&
+                hyd->NodeHead[n] >= net->Control[i].Grade - hyd->Htol)
+            {
+                reset = 1;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Determine if control forces a status or setting change
+        if (reset == 1)
+        {
+            link = &net->Link[k];
+            change = 0;
+            s = hyd->LinkStatus[k];
+            if (link->Type == PIPE)
+            {
+                if (s != net->Control[i].Status) change = 1;
+            }
+            if (link->Type == PUMP)
+            {
+                if (hyd->LinkSetting[k] != net->Control[i].Setting) change = 1;
+            }
+            if (link->Type >= PRV)
+            {
+                if (hyd->LinkSetting[k] != net->Control[i].Setting) change = 1;
+                else if (hyd->LinkSetting[k] == MISSING && s != net->Control[i].Status)
+                {
+                    change = 1;
+                }
+            }
+
+            // If a change occurs, update status & setting
+            if (change)
+            {
+                hyd->LinkStatus[k] = net->Control[i].Status;
+                if (link->Type > PIPE)
+                {
+                    hyd->LinkSetting[k] = net->Control[i].Setting;
+                }
+                if (rpt->Statflag == FULL)
+                {
+                    writestatchange(pr, k, s, hyd->LinkStatus[k]);
+                }
+                anychange = 1;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return anychange;
+}
+
+
+double newflows(Project *pr, Hydbalance *hbal)
+/*
+**----------------------------------------------------------------
+**  Input:   hbal = ptr. to hydraulic balance information
+**  Output:  returns solution convergence error
+**  Purpose: updates link, emitter & demand flows after new
+**           nodal heads are computed.
+**----------------------------------------------------------------
+*/
+{
+    Hydraul *hyd = &pr->hydraul;
+
+    double  dqsum,                 // Network flow change
+            qsum;                  // Network total flow
+
+    // Initialize sum of flows & corrections
+    qsum = 0.0;
+    dqsum = 0.0;
+    hbal->maxflowchange = 0.0;
+    hbal->maxflowlink = 1;
+    hbal->maxflownode = -1;
+
+    // Update flows in all real and virtual links
+    newlinkflows(pr, hbal, &qsum, &dqsum);
+    newemitterflows(pr, hbal, &qsum, &dqsum);
+    newdemandflows(pr, hbal, &qsum, &dqsum);
+    if (hyd->HasLeakage) newleakageflows(pr, hbal, &qsum, &dqsum);
+
+    // Return ratio of total flow corrections to total flow
+    if (qsum > hyd->Hacc) return (dqsum / qsum);
+    else return dqsum;
+}
+
+
+void  newlinkflows(Project *pr, Hydbalance *hbal, double *qsum, double *dqsum)
+/*
+**----------------------------------------------------------------
+**  Input:   hbal = ptr. to hydraulic balance information
+**           qsum = sum of current system flows
+**           dqsum = sum of system flow changes
+**  Output:  updates hbal, qsum and dqsum
+**  Purpose: updates link flows after new nodal heads computed
+**----------------------------------------------------------------
+*/
+{
+    Network *net = &pr->network;
+    Hydraul *hyd = &pr->hydraul;
+
+    double  dh,                    /* Link head loss       */
+            dq;                    /* Link flow change     */
+    int     k, n, n1, n2;
+    Slink   *link;
+
+    // Initialize net inflows (i.e., demands) at fixed grade nodes
+    for (n = net->Njuncs + 1; n <= net->Nnodes; n++)
+    {
+        hyd->NodeDemand[n] = 0.0;
+    }
+
+    // Examine each link
+    for (k = 1; k <= net->Nlinks; k++)
+    {
+        // Get link and its end nodes
+        link = &net->Link[k];
+        n1 = link->N1;
+        n2 = link->N2;
+
+        // Apply flow update formula:
+        //   dq = Y - P * (new head loss)
+        //    P = 1 / (previous head loss gradient)
+        //    Y = P * (previous head loss)
+        // where P & Y were computed in hlosscoeff() in hydcoeffs.c
+
+        dh = hyd->NodeHead[n1] - hyd->NodeHead[n2];
+        dq = hyd->Y[k] - hyd->P[k] * dh;
+
+        // Adjust flow change by the relaxation factor
+        dq *= hyd->RelaxFactor;
+
+        // Prevent flow in constant HP pumps from going negative
+        if (link->Type == PUMP)
+        {
+            n = findpump(net, k);
+            if (net->Pump[n].Ptype == CONST_HP && dq > hyd->LinkFlow[k])
+            {
+                dq = hyd->LinkFlow[k] / 2.0;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Update link flow and system flow summation
+        hyd->LinkFlow[k] -= dq;
+        *qsum += ABS(hyd->LinkFlow[k]);
+        *dqsum += ABS(dq);
+
+        // Update identity of element with max. flow change
+        if (ABS(dq) > hbal->maxflowchange)
+        {
+            hbal->maxflowchange = ABS(dq);
+            hbal->maxflowlink = k;
+            hbal->maxflownode = -1;
+        }
+
+        // Update net flows to fixed grade nodes
+        if (hyd->LinkStatus[k] > CLOSED)
+        {
+            if (n1 > net->Njuncs) hyd->NodeDemand[n1] -= hyd->LinkFlow[k];
+            if (n2 > net->Njuncs) hyd->NodeDemand[n2] += hyd->LinkFlow[k];
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+
+void newemitterflows(Project *pr, Hydbalance *hbal, double *qsum,
+                     double *dqsum)
+/*
+**----------------------------------------------------------------
+**  Input:   hbal = ptr. to hydraulic balance information
+**           qsum = sum of current system flows
+**           dqsum = sum of system flow changes
+**  Output:  updates hbal, qsum and dqsum
+**  Purpose: updates nodal emitter flows after new nodal heads computed
+**----------------------------------------------------------------
+*/
+{
+    Network *net = &pr->network;
+    Hydraul *hyd = &pr->hydraul;
+
+    int     i;
+    double  hloss, hgrad, dh, dq;
+
+    // Examine each network junction
+    for (i = 1; i <= net->Njuncs; i++)
+    {
+        // Skip junction if it does not have an emitter
+        if (net->Node[i].Ke == 0.0) continue;
+
+        // Find emitter head loss and gradient
+        emitterheadloss(pr, i, &hloss, &hgrad);
+
+        // Find emitter flow change
+        dh = hyd->NodeHead[i] - net->Node[i].El;
+        dq = (hloss - dh) / hgrad;
+        dq *= hyd->RelaxFactor;
+        hyd->EmitterFlow[i] -= dq;
+
+        // Update system flow summation
+        *qsum += ABS(hyd->EmitterFlow[i]);
+        *dqsum += ABS(dq);
+
+        // Update identity of element with max. flow change
+        if (ABS(dq) > hbal->maxflowchange)
+        {
+            hbal->maxflowchange = ABS(dq);
+            hbal->maxflownode = i;
+            hbal->maxflowlink = -1;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+
+void newleakageflows(Project *pr, Hydbalance *hbal, double *qsum,
+                     double *dqsum)
+/*
+**----------------------------------------------------------------
+**  Input:   hbal = ptr. to hydraulic balance information
+**           qsum = sum of current system flows
+**           dqsum = sum of system flow changes
+**  Output:  updates hbal, qsum and dqsum
+**  Purpose: updates nodal leakage flows after new nodal heads computed
+**----------------------------------------------------------------
+*/
+{
+    Network *net = &pr->network;
+    Hydraul *hyd = &pr->hydraul;
+
+    int     i;
+    double  dq;
+
+    for (i = 1; i <= net->Njuncs; i++)
+    {
+        // Update leakage flow at node i
+        dq = leakageflowchange(pr, i);
+        if (dq == 0.0) continue;
+        
+         // Update system flow summation
+        *qsum += ABS(hyd->LeakageFlow[i]);
+        *dqsum += ABS(dq);
+
+        // Update identity of element with max. flow change
+        if (ABS(dq) > hbal->maxflowchange)
+        {
+            hbal->maxflowchange = ABS(dq);
+            hbal->maxflownode = i;
+            hbal->maxflowlink = -1;
+        }
+    }  
+}
+
+
+void newdemandflows(Project *pr, Hydbalance *hbal, double *qsum, double *dqsum)
+/*
+**----------------------------------------------------------------
+**  Input:   hbal = ptr. to hydraulic balance information
+**           qsum = sum of current system flows
+**           dqsum = sum of system flow changes
+**  Output:  updates hbal, qsum and dqsum
+**  Purpose: updates nodal pressure dependent demand flows after
+**           new nodal heads computed
+**----------------------------------------------------------------
+*/
+{
+    Network *net = &pr->network;
+    Hydraul *hyd = &pr->hydraul;
+
+    double  dp,         // pressure range over which demand can vary (ft)
+            dq,         // change in demand flow (cfs)
+            n,          // exponent in head loss v. demand  function
+            hloss,      // current head loss through outflow junction (ft)
+            hgrad,      // head loss gradient with respect to flow (ft/cfs)
+            dh;         // new head loss through outflow junction (ft)
+    int     i;
+    
+    // Get demand function parameters
+    if (hyd->DemandModel == DDA) return;
+    dp = MAX((hyd->Preq - hyd->Pmin), MINPDIFF);
+    n = 1.0 / hyd->Pexp;
+
+    // Examine each junction
+    for (i = 1; i <= net->Njuncs; i++)
+    {
+        // Skip junctions with no positive demand
+        if (hyd->FullDemand[i] <= 0.0) continue;
+        
+        // Find change in demand flow (see hydcoeffs.c)
+        demandheadloss(pr, i, dp, n, &hloss, &hgrad);
+        dh = hyd->NodeHead[i] - net->Node[i].El - hyd->Pmin;
+        dq = (hloss - dh) / hgrad;
+        dq *= hyd->RelaxFactor;
+
+        // Prevent a flow change greater than full demand
+        if (fabs(dq) > 0.4 * hyd->FullDemand[i])
+            dq = 0.4 * SGN(dq) * hyd->FullDemand[i];
+        hyd->DemandFlow[i] -= dq;
+
+        // Update system flow summation
+        *qsum += ABS(hyd->DemandFlow[i]);
+        *dqsum += ABS(dq);
+
+        // Update identity of element with max. flow change
+        if (ABS(dq) > hbal->maxflowchange)
+        {
+            hbal->maxflowchange = ABS(dq);
+            hbal->maxflownode = i;
+            hbal->maxflowlink = -1;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+
+void  checkhydbalance(Project *pr, Hydbalance *hbal)
+/*
+**--------------------------------------------------------------
+**   Input:   hbal = hydraulic balance errors
+**   Output:  none
+**   Purpose: finds the link with the largest head imbalance
+**--------------------------------------------------------------
+*/
+{
+    Network *net = &pr->network;
+    Hydraul *hyd = &pr->hydraul;
+
+    int k, n1, n2;
+    double dh, headerror, headloss;
+    Slink *link;
+
+    hbal->maxheaderror = 0.0;
+    hbal->maxheadlink = 1;
+    headlosscoeffs(pr);
+    for (k = 1; k <= net->Nlinks; k++)
+    {
+        if (hyd->LinkStatus[k] <= CLOSED) continue;
+        if (hyd->P[k] == 0.0) continue;
+        link = &net->Link[k];
+        n1 = link->N1;
+        n2 = link->N2;
+        dh = hyd->NodeHead[n1] - hyd->NodeHead[n2];
+        headloss = hyd->Y[k] / hyd->P[k];
+        headerror = ABS(dh - headloss);
+        if (headerror > hbal->maxheaderror)
+        {
+            hbal->maxheaderror = headerror;
+            hbal->maxheadlink = k;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+
+int  hasconverged(Project *pr, double *relerr, Hydbalance *hbal)
+/*
+**--------------------------------------------------------------
+**   Input:   relerr = current total relative flow change
+**            hbal   = current hydraulic balance errors
+**   Output:  returns 1 if system has converged or 0 if not
+**   Purpose: checks various criteria to see if system has
+**            become hydraulically balanced
+**--------------------------------------------------------------
+*/
+{
+    Hydraul *hyd = &pr->hydraul;
+    
+    // Check that total relative flow change is small enough
+    if (*relerr > hyd->Hacc) return 0;
+
+    // Find largest head loss error and absolute flow change
+    checkhydbalance(pr, hbal);
+    if (pr->report.Statflag == FULL)
+    {
+        reporthydbal(pr, hbal);
+    }
+    
+    // Check that head loss error and flow change criteria are met
+    if (hyd->HeadErrorLimit > 0.0 &&
+        hbal->maxheaderror > hyd->HeadErrorLimit) return 0;
+    if (hyd->FlowChangeLimit > 0.0 &&
+        hbal->maxflowchange > hyd->FlowChangeLimit) return 0;
+        
+    // Check for node leakage convergence
+    if (hyd->HasLeakage && !leakagehasconverged(pr)) return 0;
+        
+    // Check for pressure driven analysis convergence
+    if (hyd->DemandModel == PDA) return pdaconverged(pr);
+    return 1;
+}
+
+
+int pdaconverged(Project *pr)
+/*
+**--------------------------------------------------------------
+**   Input:   none
+**   Output:  returns 1 if PDA converged, 0 if not
+**   Purpose: checks if pressure driven analysis has converged
+**            and updates total demand deficit
+**--------------------------------------------------------------
+*/
+{
+    Hydraul *hyd = &pr->hydraul;
+
+    const double QTOL = 0.0001;  // 0.0001 cfs ~= 0.05 gpm ~= 0.2 lpm)
+    int i, converged = 1;
+
+    double totalDemand = 0.0, totalReduction = 0.0;
+    double dp = hyd->Preq - hyd->Pmin;
+    double p, q, r;
+
+    hyd->DeficientNodes = 0;
+    hyd->DemandReduction = 0.0;
+       
+    // Examine each network junction
+    for (i = 1; i <= pr->network.Njuncs; i++)
+    {
+        // Skip nodes whose required demand is non-positive
+        if (hyd->FullDemand[i] <= 0.0) continue;
+ 
+       // Evaluate demand equation at current pressure solution
+        p = hyd->NodeHead[i] - pr->network.Node[i].El;
+        if (p <= hyd->Pmin)
+            q = 0.0;
+        else if (p >= hyd->Preq)
+            q = hyd->FullDemand[i];
+        else
+        {
+            r = (p - hyd->Pmin) / dp;
+            q = hyd->FullDemand[i] * pow(r, hyd->Pexp);
+        }
+        
+        // Check if demand has not converged
+        if (fabs(q - hyd->DemandFlow[i]) > QTOL)
+            converged = 0;
+
+        // Accumulate demand deficient node count and demand deficit
+        if (hyd->DemandFlow[i] + QTOL < hyd->FullDemand[i])
+        {
+            hyd->DeficientNodes++;
+            totalDemand += hyd->FullDemand[i];
+            totalReduction += hyd->FullDemand[i] - hyd->DemandFlow[i];
+        }
+    }            
+    if (totalDemand > 0.0)
+        hyd->DemandReduction = totalReduction / totalDemand * 100.0;
+    return converged;
+}
+
+
+void  reporthydbal(Project *pr, Hydbalance *hbal)
+/*
+**--------------------------------------------------------------
+**   Input:   hbal   = current hydraulic balance errors
+**   Output:  none
+**   Purpose: identifies links with largest flow change and
+**            largest head loss error.
+**--------------------------------------------------------------
+*/
+{
+    double qchange = hbal->maxflowchange * pr->Ucf[FLOW];
+    double herror = hbal->maxheaderror * pr->Ucf[HEAD];
+    int    qlink = hbal->maxflowlink;
+    int    qnode = hbal->maxflownode;
+    int    hlink = hbal->maxheadlink;
+    if (qlink >= 1)
+    {
+        sprintf(pr->Msg, FMT66, qchange, pr->network.Link[qlink].ID);
+        writeline(pr, pr->Msg);
+    }
+    else if (qnode >= 1)
+    {
+        sprintf(pr->Msg, FMT67, qchange, pr->network.Node[qnode].ID);
+        writeline(pr, pr->Msg);
+    }
+    if (hlink >= 1)
+    {
+        sprintf(pr->Msg, FMT68, herror, pr->network.Link[hlink].ID);
+        writeline(pr, pr->Msg);
+    }
+}