edsl 0.1.37.dev5__py3-none-any.whl → 0.1.37.dev6__py3-none-any.whl

edsl/scenarios/ScenarioList.py

@@ -1,1112 +1,1112 @@
-"""A list of Scenarios to be used in a survey."""
-
-from __future__ import annotations
-from typing import Any, Optional, Union, List, Callable
-import csv
-import random
-from collections import UserList, Counter
-from collections.abc import Iterable
-import urllib.parse
-import urllib.request
-from io import StringIO
-from collections import defaultdict
-import inspect
-
-from simpleeval import EvalWithCompoundTypes
-
-from edsl.Base import Base
-from edsl.utilities.decorators import add_edsl_version, remove_edsl_version
-from edsl.scenarios.Scenario import Scenario
-from edsl.scenarios.ScenarioListPdfMixin import ScenarioListPdfMixin
-from edsl.scenarios.ScenarioListExportMixin import ScenarioListExportMixin
-
-from edsl.conjure.naming_utilities import sanitize_string
-from edsl.utilities.utilities import is_valid_variable_name
-
-
-class ScenarioListMixin(ScenarioListPdfMixin, ScenarioListExportMixin):
-    pass
-
-
-class ScenarioList(Base, UserList, ScenarioListMixin):
-    """Class for creating a list of scenarios to be used in a survey."""
-
-    def __init__(self, data: Optional[list] = None, codebook: Optional[dict] = None):
-        """Initialize the ScenarioList class."""
-        if data is not None:
-            super().__init__(data)
-        else:
-            super().__init__([])
-        self.codebook = codebook or {}
-
-    def unique(self) -> ScenarioList:
-        """Return a list of unique scenarios.
-
-        >>> s = ScenarioList([Scenario({'a': 1}), Scenario({'a': 1}), Scenario({'a': 2})])
-        >>> s.unique()
-        ScenarioList([Scenario({'a': 1}), Scenario({'a': 2})])
-        """
-        return ScenarioList(list(set(self)))
-
-    @property
-    def has_jinja_braces(self) -> bool:
-        """Check if the ScenarioList has Jinja braces."""
-        return any([scenario.has_jinja_braces for scenario in self])
-
-    def convert_jinja_braces(self) -> ScenarioList:
-        """Convert Jinja braces to Python braces."""
-        return ScenarioList([scenario.convert_jinja_braces() for scenario in self])
-
-    def give_valid_names(self) -> ScenarioList:
-        """Give valid names to the scenario keys.
-
-        >>> s = ScenarioList([Scenario({'a': 1, 'b': 2}), Scenario({'a': 1, 'b': 1})])
-        >>> s.give_valid_names()
-        ScenarioList([Scenario({'a': 1, 'b': 2}), Scenario({'a': 1, 'b': 1})])
-        >>> s = ScenarioList([Scenario({'are you there John?': 1, 'b': 2}), Scenario({'a': 1, 'b': 1})])
-        >>> s.give_valid_names()
-        ScenarioList([Scenario({'john': 1, 'b': 2}), Scenario({'a': 1, 'b': 1})])
-        """
-        codebook = {}
-        new_scenaerios = []
-        for scenario in self:
-            new_scenario = {}
-            for key in scenario:
-                if not is_valid_variable_name(key):
-                    if key in codebook:
-                        new_key = codebook[key]
-                    else:
-                        new_key = sanitize_string(key)
-                        if not is_valid_variable_name(new_key):
-                            new_key = f"var_{len(codebook)}"
-                        codebook[key] = new_key
-                    new_scenario[new_key] = scenario[key]
-                else:
-                    new_scenario[key] = scenario[key]
-            new_scenaerios.append(Scenario(new_scenario))
-        return ScenarioList(new_scenaerios, codebook)
-
-    def unpivot(self, id_vars=None, value_vars=None):
-        """
-        Unpivot the ScenarioList, allowing for id variables to be specified.
-
-        Parameters:
-        id_vars (list): Fields to use as identifier variables (kept in each entry)
-        value_vars (list): Fields to unpivot. If None, all fields not in id_vars will be used.
-
-        Example:
-        >>> s = ScenarioList([
-        ...     Scenario({'id': 1, 'year': 2020, 'a': 10, 'b': 20}),
-        ...     Scenario({'id': 2, 'year': 2021, 'a': 15, 'b': 25})
-        ... ])
-        >>> s.unpivot(id_vars=['id', 'year'], value_vars=['a', 'b'])
-        ScenarioList([Scenario({'id': 1, 'year': 2020, 'variable': 'a', 'value': 10}), Scenario({'id': 1, 'year': 2020, 'variable': 'b', 'value': 20}), Scenario({'id': 2, 'year': 2021, 'variable': 'a', 'value': 15}), Scenario({'id': 2, 'year': 2021, 'variable': 'b', 'value': 25})])
-        """
-        if id_vars is None:
-            id_vars = []
-        if value_vars is None:
-            value_vars = [field for field in self[0].keys() if field not in id_vars]
-
-        new_scenarios = []
-        for scenario in self:
-            for var in value_vars:
-                new_scenario = {id_var: scenario[id_var] for id_var in id_vars}
-                new_scenario["variable"] = var
-                new_scenario["value"] = scenario[var]
-                new_scenarios.append(Scenario(new_scenario))
-
-        return ScenarioList(new_scenarios)
-
-    def pivot(self, id_vars, var_name="variable", value_name="value"):
-        """
-        Pivot the ScenarioList from long to wide format.
-
-        Parameters:
-        id_vars (list): Fields to use as identifier variables
-        var_name (str): Name of the variable column (default: 'variable')
-        value_name (str): Name of the value column (default: 'value')
-
-        Example:
-        >>> s = ScenarioList([
-        ...     Scenario({'id': 1, 'year': 2020, 'variable': 'a', 'value': 10}),
-        ...     Scenario({'id': 1, 'year': 2020, 'variable': 'b', 'value': 20}),
-        ...     Scenario({'id': 2, 'year': 2021, 'variable': 'a', 'value': 15}),
-        ...     Scenario({'id': 2, 'year': 2021, 'variable': 'b', 'value': 25})
-        ... ])
-        >>> s.pivot(id_vars=['id', 'year'])
-        ScenarioList([Scenario({'id': 1, 'year': 2020, 'a': 10, 'b': 20}), Scenario({'id': 2, 'year': 2021, 'a': 15, 'b': 25})])
-        """
-        pivoted_dict = {}
-
-        for scenario in self:
-            # Create a tuple of id values to use as a key
-            id_key = tuple(scenario[id_var] for id_var in id_vars)
-
-            # If this combination of id values hasn't been seen before, initialize it
-            if id_key not in pivoted_dict:
-                pivoted_dict[id_key] = {id_var: scenario[id_var] for id_var in id_vars}
-
-            # Add the variable-value pair to the dict
-            variable = scenario[var_name]
-            value = scenario[value_name]
-            pivoted_dict[id_key][variable] = value
-
-        # Convert the dict of dicts to a list of Scenarios
-        pivoted_scenarios = [
-            Scenario(dict(zip(id_vars, id_key), **values))
-            for id_key, values in pivoted_dict.items()
-        ]
-
-        return ScenarioList(pivoted_scenarios)
-
-    def group_by(self, id_vars, variables, func):
-        """
-        Group the ScenarioList by id_vars and apply a function to the specified variables.
-
-        Parameters:
-        id_vars (list): Fields to use as identifier variables for grouping
-        variables (list): Fields to pass to the aggregation function
-        func (callable): Function to apply to the grouped variables.
-                        Should accept lists of values for each variable.
-
-        Returns:
-        ScenarioList: A new ScenarioList with the grouped and aggregated results
-
-        Example:
-        >>> def avg_sum(a, b):
-        ...     return {'avg_a': sum(a) / len(a), 'sum_b': sum(b)}
-        >>> s = ScenarioList([
-        ...     Scenario({'group': 'A', 'year': 2020, 'a': 10, 'b': 20}),
-        ...     Scenario({'group': 'A', 'year': 2021, 'a': 15, 'b': 25}),
-        ...     Scenario({'group': 'B', 'year': 2020, 'a': 12, 'b': 22}),
-        ...     Scenario({'group': 'B', 'year': 2021, 'a': 17, 'b': 27})
-        ... ])
-        >>> s.group_by(id_vars=['group'], variables=['a', 'b'], func=avg_sum)
-        ScenarioList([Scenario({'group': 'A', 'avg_a': 12.5, 'sum_b': 45}), Scenario({'group': 'B', 'avg_a': 14.5, 'sum_b': 49})])
-        """
-        # Check if the function is compatible with the specified variables
-        func_params = inspect.signature(func).parameters
-        if len(func_params) != len(variables):
-            raise ValueError(
-                f"Function {func.__name__} expects {len(func_params)} arguments, but {len(variables)} variables were provided"
-            )
-
-        # Group the scenarios
-        grouped = defaultdict(lambda: defaultdict(list))
-        for scenario in self:
-            key = tuple(scenario[id_var] for id_var in id_vars)
-            for var in variables:
-                grouped[key][var].append(scenario[var])
-
-        # Apply the function to each group
-        result = []
-        for key, group in grouped.items():
-            try:
-                aggregated = func(*[group[var] for var in variables])
-            except Exception as e:
-                raise ValueError(f"Error applying function to group {key}: {str(e)}")
-
-            if not isinstance(aggregated, dict):
-                raise ValueError(f"Function {func.__name__} must return a dictionary")
-
-            new_scenario = dict(zip(id_vars, key))
-            new_scenario.update(aggregated)
-            result.append(Scenario(new_scenario))
-
-        return ScenarioList(result)
-
-    @property
-    def parameters(self) -> set:
-        """Return the set of parameters in the ScenarioList
-
-        Example:
-
-        >>> s = ScenarioList([Scenario({'a': 1}), Scenario({'b': 2})])
-        >>> s.parameters == {'a', 'b'}
-        True
-        """
-        if len(self) == 0:
-            return set()
-
-        return set.union(*[set(s.keys()) for s in self])
-
-    def __hash__(self) -> int:
-        """Return the hash of the ScenarioList.
-
-        >>> s = ScenarioList.example()
-        >>> hash(s)
-        1262252885757976162
-        """
-        from edsl.utilities.utilities import dict_hash
-
-        return dict_hash(self._to_dict(sort=True))
-
-    def __repr__(self):
-        return f"ScenarioList({self.data})"
-
-    def __mul__(self, other: ScenarioList) -> ScenarioList:
-        """Takes the cross product of two ScenarioLists.
-
-        >>> s1 = ScenarioList.from_list("a", [1, 2])
-        >>> s2 = ScenarioList.from_list("b", [3, 4])
-        >>> s1 * s2
-        ScenarioList([Scenario({'a': 1, 'b': 3}), Scenario({'a': 1, 'b': 4}), Scenario({'a': 2, 'b': 3}), Scenario({'a': 2, 'b': 4})])
-        """
-        from itertools import product
-
-        new_sl = []
-        for s1, s2 in list(product(self, other)):
-            new_sl.append(s1 + s2)
-        return ScenarioList(new_sl)
-
-    def times(self, other: ScenarioList) -> ScenarioList:
-        """Takes the cross product of two ScenarioLists.
-
-        Example:
-
-        >>> s1 = ScenarioList([Scenario({'a': 1}), Scenario({'a': 2})])
-        >>> s2 = ScenarioList([Scenario({'b': 1}), Scenario({'b': 2})])
-        >>> s1.times(s2)
-        ScenarioList([Scenario({'a': 1, 'b': 1}), Scenario({'a': 1, 'b': 2}), Scenario({'a': 2, 'b': 1}), Scenario({'a': 2, 'b': 2})])
-        """
-        return self.__mul__(other)
-
-    def shuffle(self, seed: Optional[str] = "edsl") -> ScenarioList:
-        """Shuffle the ScenarioList.
-
-        >>> s = ScenarioList.from_list("a", [1,2,3,4])
-        >>> s.shuffle()
-        ScenarioList([Scenario({'a': 3}), Scenario({'a': 4}), Scenario({'a': 1}), Scenario({'a': 2})])
-        """
-        random.seed(seed)
-        random.shuffle(self.data)
-        return self
-
-    def _repr_html_(self) -> str:
-        from edsl.utilities.utilities import data_to_html
-
-        data = self.to_dict()
-        _ = data.pop("edsl_version")
-        _ = data.pop("edsl_class_name")
-        for s in data["scenarios"]:
-            _ = s.pop("edsl_version")
-            _ = s.pop("edsl_class_name")
-        for scenario in data["scenarios"]:
-            for key, value in scenario.items():
-                if hasattr(value, "to_dict"):
-                    data[key] = value.to_dict()
-        return data_to_html(data)
-
-    def tally(self, field) -> dict:
-        """Return a tally of the values in the field.
-
-        Example:
-
-        >>> s = ScenarioList([Scenario({'a': 1, 'b': 1}), Scenario({'a': 1, 'b': 2})])
-        >>> s.tally('b')
-        {1: 1, 2: 1}
-        """
-        return dict(Counter([scenario[field] for scenario in self]))
-
-    def sample(self, n: int, seed="edsl") -> ScenarioList:
-        """Return a random sample from the ScenarioList
-
-        >>> s = ScenarioList.from_list("a", [1,2,3,4,5,6])
-        >>> s.sample(3)
-        ScenarioList([Scenario({'a': 2}), Scenario({'a': 1}), Scenario({'a': 3})])
-        """
-
-        random.seed(seed)
-
-        return ScenarioList(random.sample(self.data, n))
-
-    def expand(self, expand_field: str, number_field=False) -> ScenarioList:
-        """Expand the ScenarioList by a field.
-
-        Example:
-
-        >>> s = ScenarioList( [ Scenario({'a':1, 'b':[1,2]}) ] )
-        >>> s.expand('b')
-        ScenarioList([Scenario({'a': 1, 'b': 1}), Scenario({'a': 1, 'b': 2})])
-        """
-        new_scenarios = []
-        for scenario in self:
-            values = scenario[expand_field]
-            if not isinstance(values, Iterable) or isinstance(values, str):
-                values = [values]
-            for index, value in enumerate(values):
-                new_scenario = scenario.copy()
-                new_scenario[expand_field] = value
-                if number_field:
-                    new_scenario[expand_field + "_number"] = index + 1
-                new_scenarios.append(new_scenario)
-        return ScenarioList(new_scenarios)
-
-    def concatenate(self, fields: List[str], separator: str = ";") -> "ScenarioList":
-        """Concatenate specified fields into a single field.
-
-        Args:
-            fields (List[str]): List of field names to concatenate.
-            separator (str, optional): Separator to use between field values. Defaults to ";".
-
-        Returns:
-            ScenarioList: A new ScenarioList with concatenated fields.
-
-        Example:
-            >>> s = ScenarioList([Scenario({'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3}), Scenario({'a': 4, 'b': 5, 'c': 6})])
-            >>> s.concatenate(['a', 'b', 'c'])
-            ScenarioList([Scenario({'concat_a_b_c': '1;2;3'}), Scenario({'concat_a_b_c': '4;5;6'})])
-        """
-        new_scenarios = []
-        for scenario in self:
-            new_scenario = scenario.copy()
-            concat_values = []
-            for field in fields:
-                if field in new_scenario:
-                    concat_values.append(str(new_scenario[field]))
-                    del new_scenario[field]
-
-            new_field_name = f"concat_{'_'.join(fields)}"
-            new_scenario[new_field_name] = separator.join(concat_values)
-            new_scenarios.append(new_scenario)
-
-        return ScenarioList(new_scenarios)
-
-    def unpack_dict(
-        self, field: str, prefix: Optional[str] = None, drop_field: bool = False
-    ) -> ScenarioList:
-        """Unpack a dictionary field into separate fields.
-
-        Example:
-
-        >>> s = ScenarioList([Scenario({'a': 1, 'b': {'c': 2, 'd': 3}})])
-        >>> s.unpack_dict('b')
-        ScenarioList([Scenario({'a': 1, 'b': {'c': 2, 'd': 3}, 'c': 2, 'd': 3})])
-        """
-        new_scenarios = []
-        for scenario in self:
-            new_scenario = scenario.copy()
-            for key, value in scenario[field].items():
-                if prefix:
-                    new_scenario[prefix + key] = value
-                else:
-                    new_scenario[key] = value
-            if drop_field:
-                new_scenario.pop(field)
-            new_scenarios.append(new_scenario)
-        return ScenarioList(new_scenarios)
-
-    def transform(
-        self, field: str, func: Callable, new_name: Optional[str] = None
-    ) -> ScenarioList:
-        """Transform a field using a function."""
-        new_scenarios = []
-        for scenario in self:
-            new_scenario = scenario.copy()
-            new_scenario[new_name or field] = func(scenario[field])
-            new_scenarios.append(new_scenario)
-        return ScenarioList(new_scenarios)
-
-    def mutate(
-        self, new_var_string: str, functions_dict: Optional[dict[str, Callable]] = None
-    ) -> ScenarioList:
-        """
-        Return a new ScenarioList with a new variable added.
-
-        Example:
-
-        >>> s = ScenarioList([Scenario({'a': 1, 'b': 2}), Scenario({'a': 1, 'b': 1})])
-        >>> s.mutate("c = a + b")
-        ScenarioList([Scenario({'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3}), Scenario({'a': 1, 'b': 1, 'c': 2})])
-
-        """
-        if "=" not in new_var_string:
-            raise Exception(
-                f"Mutate requires an '=' in the string, but '{new_var_string}' doesn't have one."
-            )
-        raw_var_name, expression = new_var_string.split("=", 1)
-        var_name = raw_var_name.strip()
-        from edsl.utilities.utilities import is_valid_variable_name
-
-        if not is_valid_variable_name(var_name):
-            raise Exception(f"{var_name} is not a valid variable name.")
-
-        # create the evaluator
-        functions_dict = functions_dict or {}
-
-        def create_evaluator(scenario) -> EvalWithCompoundTypes:
-            return EvalWithCompoundTypes(names=scenario, functions=functions_dict)
-
-        def new_scenario(old_scenario: Scenario, var_name: str) -> Scenario:
-            evaluator = create_evaluator(old_scenario)
-            value = evaluator.eval(expression)
-            new_s = old_scenario.copy()
-            new_s[var_name] = value
-            return new_s
-
-        try:
-            new_data = [new_scenario(s, var_name) for s in self]
-        except Exception as e:
-            raise Exception(f"Error in mutate. Exception:{e}")
-
-        return ScenarioList(new_data)
-
-    def order_by(self, *fields: str, reverse: bool = False) -> ScenarioList:
-        """Order the scenarios by one or more fields.
-
-        Example:
-
-        >>> s = ScenarioList([Scenario({'a': 1, 'b': 2}), Scenario({'a': 1, 'b': 1})])
-        >>> s.order_by('b', 'a')
-        ScenarioList([Scenario({'a': 1, 'b': 1}), Scenario({'a': 1, 'b': 2})])
-        """
-
-        def get_sort_key(scenario: Any) -> tuple:
-            return tuple(scenario[field] for field in fields)
-
-        return ScenarioList(sorted(self, key=get_sort_key, reverse=reverse))
-
-    def filter(self, expression: str) -> ScenarioList:
-        """
-        Filter a list of scenarios based on an expression.
-
-        Example:
-
-        >>> s = ScenarioList([Scenario({'a': 1, 'b': 1}), Scenario({'a': 1, 'b': 2})])
-        >>> s.filter("b == 2")
-        ScenarioList([Scenario({'a': 1, 'b': 2})])
-        """
-
-        def create_evaluator(scenario: Scenario):
-            """Create an evaluator for the given result.
-            The 'combined_dict' is a mapping of all values for that Result object.
-            """
-            return EvalWithCompoundTypes(names=scenario)
-
-        try:
-            # iterates through all the results and evaluates the expression
-            new_data = [
-                scenario
-                for scenario in self.data
-                if create_evaluator(scenario).eval(expression)
-            ]
-        except Exception as e:
-            print(f"Exception:{e}")
-            raise Exception(f"Error in filter. Exception:{e}")
-
-        return ScenarioList(new_data)
-
-    def from_urls(
-        self, urls: list[str], field_name: Optional[str] = "text"
-    ) -> ScenarioList:
-        """Create a ScenarioList from a list of URLs.
-
-        :param urls: A list of URLs.
-        :param field_name: The name of the field to store the text from the URLs.
-
-
-        """
-        return ScenarioList([Scenario.from_url(url, field_name) for url in urls])
-
-    def select(self, *fields) -> ScenarioList:
-        """
-        Selects scenarios with only the references fields.
-
-        Example:
-
-        >>> s = ScenarioList([Scenario({'a': 1, 'b': 1}), Scenario({'a': 1, 'b': 2})])
-        >>> s.select('a')
-        ScenarioList([Scenario({'a': 1}), Scenario({'a': 1})])
-        """
-        if len(fields) == 1:
-            fields_to_select = [list(fields)[0]]
-        else:
-            fields_to_select = list(fields)
-
-        return ScenarioList(
-            [scenario.select(fields_to_select) for scenario in self.data]
-        )
-
-    def drop(self, *fields) -> ScenarioList:
-        """Drop fields from the scenarios.
-
-        Example:
-
-        >>> s = ScenarioList([Scenario({'a': 1, 'b': 1}), Scenario({'a': 1, 'b': 2})])
-        >>> s.drop('a')
-        ScenarioList([Scenario({'b': 1}), Scenario({'b': 2})])
-        """
-        return ScenarioList([scenario.drop(fields) for scenario in self.data])
-
-    def keep(self, *fields) -> ScenarioList:
-        """Keep only the specified fields in the scenarios.
-
-        Example:
-
-        >>> s = ScenarioList([Scenario({'a': 1, 'b': 1}), Scenario({'a': 1, 'b': 2})])
-        >>> s.keep('a')
-        ScenarioList([Scenario({'a': 1}), Scenario({'a': 1})])
-        """
-        return ScenarioList([scenario.keep(fields) for scenario in self.data])
-
-    @classmethod
-    def from_list(
-        cls, name: str, values: list, func: Optional[Callable] = None
-    ) -> ScenarioList:
-        """Create a ScenarioList from a list of values.
-
-        Example:
-
-        >>> ScenarioList.from_list('name', ['Alice', 'Bob'])
-        ScenarioList([Scenario({'name': 'Alice'}), Scenario({'name': 'Bob'})])
-        """
-        if not func:
-            func = lambda x: x
-        return cls([Scenario({name: func(value)}) for value in values])
-
-    def to_dataset(self) -> "Dataset":
-        """
-        >>> s = ScenarioList.from_list("a", [1,2,3])
-        >>> s.to_dataset()
-        Dataset([{'a': [1, 2, 3]}])
-        >>> s = ScenarioList.from_list("a", [1,2,3]).add_list("b", [4,5,6])
-        >>> s.to_dataset()
-        Dataset([{'a': [1, 2, 3]}, {'b': [4, 5, 6]}])
-        """
-        from edsl.results.Dataset import Dataset
-
-        keys = self[0].keys()
-        data = [{key: [scenario[key] for scenario in self.data]} for key in keys]
-        return Dataset(data)
-
-    def split(
-        self, field: str, split_on: str, index: int, new_name: Optional[str] = None
-    ) -> ScenarioList:
-        """Split a scenario fiel in multiple fields."""
-        if new_name is None:
-            new_name = field + "_split_" + str(index)
-        new_scenarios = []
-        for scenario in self:
-            new_scenario = scenario.copy()
-            new_scenario[new_name] = scenario[field].split(split_on)[index]
-            new_scenarios.append(new_scenario)
-        return ScenarioList(new_scenarios)
-
-    def add_list(self, name, values) -> ScenarioList:
-        """Add a list of values to a ScenarioList.
-
-        Example:
-
-        >>> s = ScenarioList([Scenario({'name': 'Alice'}), Scenario({'name': 'Bob'})])
-        >>> s.add_list('age', [30, 25])
-        ScenarioList([Scenario({'name': 'Alice', 'age': 30}), Scenario({'name': 'Bob', 'age': 25})])
-        """
-        for i, value in enumerate(values):
-            if i < len(self):
-                self[i][name] = value
-            else:
-                self.append(Scenario({name: value}))
-        return self
-
-    def add_value(self, name: str, value: Any) -> ScenarioList:
-        """Add a value to all scenarios in a ScenarioList.
-
-        Example:
-
-        >>> s = ScenarioList([Scenario({'name': 'Alice'}), Scenario({'name': 'Bob'})])
-        >>> s.add_value('age', 30)
-        ScenarioList([Scenario({'name': 'Alice', 'age': 30}), Scenario({'name': 'Bob', 'age': 30})])
-        """
-        for scenario in self:
-            scenario[name] = value
-        return self
-
-    def rename(self, replacement_dict: dict) -> ScenarioList:
-        """Rename the fields in the scenarios.
-
-        Example:
-
-        >>> s = ScenarioList([Scenario({'name': 'Alice', 'age': 30}), Scenario({'name': 'Bob', 'age': 25})])
-        >>> s.rename({'name': 'first_name', 'age': 'years'})
-        ScenarioList([Scenario({'first_name': 'Alice', 'years': 30}), Scenario({'first_name': 'Bob', 'years': 25})])
-
-        """
-
-        new_list = ScenarioList([])
-        for obj in self:
-            new_obj = obj.rename(replacement_dict)
-            new_list.append(new_obj)
-        return new_list
-
-    @classmethod
-    def from_sqlite(cls, filepath: str, table: str):
-        import sqlite3
-
-        with sqlite3.connect(filepath) as conn:
-            cursor = conn.cursor()
-            cursor.execute(f"SELECT * FROM {table}")
-            columns = [description[0] for description in cursor.description]
-            data = cursor.fetchall()
-        return cls([Scenario(dict(zip(columns, row))) for row in data])
-
-    @classmethod
-    def from_latex(cls, tex_file_path: str):
-        with open(tex_file_path, "r") as file:
-            lines = file.readlines()
-
-        processed_lines = []
-        non_blank_lines = [
-            (i, line.strip()) for i, line in enumerate(lines) if line.strip()
-        ]
-
-        for index, (line_no, text) in enumerate(non_blank_lines):
-            entry = {
-                "line_no": line_no + 1,  # Using 1-based index for line numbers
-                "text": text,
-                "line_before": non_blank_lines[index - 1][1] if index > 0 else None,
-                "line_after": (
-                    non_blank_lines[index + 1][1]
-                    if index < len(non_blank_lines) - 1
-                    else None
-                ),
-            }
-            processed_lines.append(entry)
-
-        return ScenarioList([Scenario(entry) for entry in processed_lines])
-
-    @classmethod
-    def from_google_doc(cls, url: str) -> ScenarioList:
-        """Create a ScenarioList from a Google Doc.
-
-        This method downloads the Google Doc as a Word file (.docx), saves it to a temporary file,
-        and then reads it using the from_docx class method.
-
-        Args:
-            url (str): The URL to the Google Doc.
-
-        Returns:
-            ScenarioList: An instance of the ScenarioList class.
-
-        """
-        import tempfile
-        import requests
-        from docx import Document
-
-        if "/edit" in url:
-            doc_id = url.split("/d/")[1].split("/edit")[0]
-        else:
-            raise ValueError("Invalid Google Doc URL format.")
-
-        export_url = f"https://docs.google.com/document/d/{doc_id}/export?format=docx"
-
-        # Download the Google Doc as a Word file (.docx)
-        response = requests.get(export_url)
-        response.raise_for_status()  # Ensure the request was successful
-
-        # Save the Word file to a temporary file
-        with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(suffix=".docx", delete=False) as temp_file:
-            temp_file.write(response.content)
-            temp_filename = temp_file.name
-
-        # Call the from_docx class method with the temporary file
-        return cls.from_docx(temp_filename)
-
-    @classmethod
-    def from_pandas(cls, df) -> ScenarioList:
-        """Create a ScenarioList from a pandas DataFrame.
-
-        Example:
-
-        >>> import pandas as pd
-        >>> df = pd.DataFrame({'name': ['Alice', 'Bob'], 'age': [30, 25], 'location': ['New York', 'Los Angeles']})
-        >>> ScenarioList.from_pandas(df)
-        ScenarioList([Scenario({'name': 'Alice', 'age': 30, 'location': 'New York'}), Scenario({'name': 'Bob', 'age': 25, 'location': 'Los Angeles'})])
-        """
-        return cls([Scenario(row) for row in df.to_dict(orient="records")])
-
-    @classmethod
-    def from_wikipedia(cls, url: str, table_index: int = 0):
-        """
-        Extracts a table from a Wikipedia page.
-
-        Parameters:
-            url (str): The URL of the Wikipedia page.
-            table_index (int): The index of the table to extract (default is 0).
-
-        Returns:
-            pd.DataFrame: A DataFrame containing the extracted table.
-        # # Example usage
-        # url = "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)"
-        # df = from_wikipedia(url, 0)
-
-        # if not df.empty:
-        #     print(df.head())
-        # else:
-        #     print("Failed to extract table.")
-
-
-        """
-        import pandas as pd
-        import requests
-        from requests.exceptions import RequestException
-
-        try:
-            # Check if the URL is reachable
-            response = requests.get(url)
-            response.raise_for_status()  # Raises HTTPError for bad responses
-
-            # Extract tables from the Wikipedia page
-            tables = pd.read_html(url)
-
-            # Ensure the requested table index is within the range of available tables
-            if table_index >= len(tables) or table_index < 0:
-                raise IndexError(
-                    f"Table index {table_index} is out of range. This page has {len(tables)} table(s)."
-                )
-
-            # Return the requested table as a DataFrame
-            # return tables[table_index]
-            return cls.from_pandas(tables[table_index])
-
-        except RequestException as e:
-            print(f"Error fetching the URL: {e}")
-        except ValueError as e:
-            print(f"Error parsing tables: {e}")
-        except IndexError as e:
-            print(e)
-        except Exception as e:
-            print(f"An unexpected error occurred: {e}")
-
-        # Return an empty DataFrame in case of an error
-        # return cls.from_pandas(pd.DataFrame())
-
-    def to_key_value(self, field: str, value=None) -> Union[dict, set]:
-        """Return the set of values in the field.
-
-        Example:
-
-        >>> s = ScenarioList([Scenario({'name': 'Alice'}), Scenario({'name': 'Bob'})])
-        >>> s.to_key_value('name') == {'Alice', 'Bob'}
-        True
-        """
-        if value is None:
-            return {scenario[field] for scenario in self}
-        else:
-            return {scenario[field]: scenario[value] for scenario in self}
-
-    @classmethod
-    def from_excel(
-        cls, filename: str, sheet_name: Optional[str] = None
-    ) -> ScenarioList:
-        """Create a ScenarioList from an Excel file.
-
-        If the Excel file contains multiple sheets and no sheet_name is provided,
-        the method will print the available sheets and require the user to specify one.
-
-        Example:
-
-        >>> import tempfile
-        >>> import os
-        >>> import pandas as pd
-        >>> with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(delete=False, suffix='.xlsx') as f:
-        ...     df1 = pd.DataFrame({
-        ...         'name': ['Alice', 'Bob'],
-        ...         'age': [30, 25],
-        ...         'location': ['New York', 'Los Angeles']
-        ...     })
-        ...     df2 = pd.DataFrame({
-        ...         'name': ['Charlie', 'David'],
-        ...         'age': [35, 40],
-        ...         'location': ['Chicago', 'Boston']
-        ...     })
-        ...     with pd.ExcelWriter(f.name) as writer:
-        ...         df1.to_excel(writer, sheet_name='Sheet1', index=False)
-        ...         df2.to_excel(writer, sheet_name='Sheet2', index=False)
-        ...     temp_filename = f.name
-        >>> scenario_list = ScenarioList.from_excel(temp_filename, sheet_name='Sheet1')
-        >>> len(scenario_list)
-        2
-        >>> scenario_list[0]['name']
-        'Alice'
-        >>> scenario_list = ScenarioList.from_excel(temp_filename)  # Should raise an error and list sheets
-        Traceback (most recent call last):
-        ...
-        ValueError: Please provide a sheet name to load data from.
-        """
-        from edsl.scenarios.Scenario import Scenario
-        import pandas as pd
-
-        # Get all sheets
-        all_sheets = pd.read_excel(filename, sheet_name=None)
-
-        # If no sheet_name is provided and there is more than one sheet, print available sheets
-        if sheet_name is None:
-            if len(all_sheets) > 1:
-                print("The Excel file contains multiple sheets:")
-                for name in all_sheets.keys():
-                    print(f"- {name}")
-                raise ValueError("Please provide a sheet name to load data from.")
-            else:
-                # If there is only one sheet, use it
-                sheet_name = list(all_sheets.keys())[0]
-
-        # Load the specified or determined sheet
-        df = pd.read_excel(filename, sheet_name=sheet_name)
-
-        observations = []
-        for _, row in df.iterrows():
-            observations.append(Scenario(row.to_dict()))
-
-        return cls(observations)
-
-    @classmethod
-    def from_google_sheet(cls, url: str, sheet_name: str = None) -> ScenarioList:
-        """Create a ScenarioList from a Google Sheet.
-
-        This method downloads the Google Sheet as an Excel file, saves it to a temporary file,
-        and then reads it using the from_excel class method.
-
-        Args:
-            url (str): The URL to the Google Sheet.
-            sheet_name (str, optional): The name of the sheet to load. If None, the method will behave
-                                        the same as from_excel regarding multiple sheets.
-
-        Returns:
-            ScenarioList: An instance of the ScenarioList class.
-
-        """
-        import pandas as pd
-        import tempfile
-        import requests
-
-        if "/edit" in url:
-            sheet_id = url.split("/d/")[1].split("/edit")[0]
-        else:
-            raise ValueError("Invalid Google Sheet URL format.")
-
-        export_url = (
-            f"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/{sheet_id}/export?format=xlsx"
-        )
-
-        # Download the Google Sheet as an Excel file
-        response = requests.get(export_url)
-        response.raise_for_status()  # Ensure the request was successful
-
-        # Save the Excel file to a temporary file
-        with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(suffix=".xlsx", delete=False) as temp_file:
-            temp_file.write(response.content)
-            temp_filename = temp_file.name
-
-        # Call the from_excel class method with the temporary file
-        return cls.from_excel(temp_filename, sheet_name=sheet_name)
-
-    @classmethod
-    def from_csv(cls, source: Union[str, urllib.parse.ParseResult]) -> ScenarioList:
-        """Create a ScenarioList from a CSV file or URL.
-
-        Args:
-            source: A string representing either a local file path or a URL to a CSV file,
-                    or a urllib.parse.ParseResult object for a URL.
-
-        Returns:
-            ScenarioList: A ScenarioList object containing the data from the CSV.
-
-        Example:
-
-        >>> import tempfile
-        >>> import os
-        >>> with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(delete=False, mode='w', suffix='.csv') as f:
-        ...     _ = f.write("name,age,location\\nAlice,30,New York\\nBob,25,Los Angeles\\n")
-        ...     temp_filename = f.name
-        >>> scenario_list = ScenarioList.from_csv(temp_filename)
-        >>> len(scenario_list)
-        2
-        >>> scenario_list[0]['name']
-        'Alice'
-        >>> scenario_list[1]['age']
-        '25'
-
-        >>> url = "https://example.com/data.csv"
-        >>> ## scenario_list_from_url = ScenarioList.from_csv(url)
-        """
-        from edsl.scenarios.Scenario import Scenario
-
-        def is_url(source):
-            try:
-                result = urllib.parse.urlparse(source)
-                return all([result.scheme, result.netloc])
-            except ValueError:
-                return False
-
-        if isinstance(source, str) and is_url(source):
-            with urllib.request.urlopen(source) as response:
-                csv_content = response.read().decode("utf-8")
-            csv_file = StringIO(csv_content)
-        elif isinstance(source, urllib.parse.ParseResult):
-            with urllib.request.urlopen(source.geturl()) as response:
-                csv_content = response.read().decode("utf-8")
-            csv_file = StringIO(csv_content)
-        else:
-            csv_file = open(source, "r")
-
-        try:
-            reader = csv.reader(csv_file)
-            header = next(reader)
-            observations = [Scenario(dict(zip(header, row))) for row in reader]
-        finally:
-            csv_file.close()
-
-        return cls(observations)
-
-    def _to_dict(self, sort=False) -> dict:
-        if sort:
-            data = sorted(self, key=lambda x: hash(x))
-        else:
-            data = self
-        return {"scenarios": [s._to_dict() for s in data]}
-
-    @add_edsl_version
-    def to_dict(self) -> dict[str, Any]:
-        """Return the `ScenarioList` as a dictionary.
-
-        Example:
-
-        >>> s = ScenarioList([Scenario({'food': 'wood chips'}), Scenario({'food': 'wood-fired pizza'})])
-        >>> s.to_dict()
-        {'scenarios': [{'food': 'wood chips', 'edsl_version': '...', 'edsl_class_name': 'Scenario'}, {'food': 'wood-fired pizza', 'edsl_version': '...', 'edsl_class_name': 'Scenario'}], 'edsl_version': '...', 'edsl_class_name': 'ScenarioList'}
-        """
-        return {"scenarios": [s.to_dict() for s in self]}
-
-    @classmethod
-    def gen(cls, scenario_dicts_list: List[dict]) -> ScenarioList:
-        """Create a `ScenarioList` from a list of dictionaries.
-
-        Example:
-
-        >>> ScenarioList.gen([{'name': 'Alice'}, {'name': 'Bob'}])
-        ScenarioList([Scenario({'name': 'Alice'}), Scenario({'name': 'Bob'})])
-
-        """
-        from edsl.scenarios.Scenario import Scenario
-
-        return cls([Scenario(s) for s in scenario_dicts_list])
-
-    @classmethod
-    @remove_edsl_version
-    def from_dict(cls, data) -> ScenarioList:
-        """Create a `ScenarioList` from a dictionary."""
-        from edsl.scenarios.Scenario import Scenario
-
-        return cls([Scenario.from_dict(s) for s in data["scenarios"]])
-
-    @classmethod
-    def from_nested_dict(cls, data: dict) -> ScenarioList:
-        """Create a `ScenarioList` from a nested dictionary."""
-        from edsl.scenarios.Scenario import Scenario
-
-        s = ScenarioList()
-        for key, value in data.items():
-            s.add_list(key, value)
-        return s
-
-    def code(self) -> str:
-        ## TODO: Refactor to only use the questions actually in the survey
-        """Create the Python code representation of a survey."""
-        header_lines = [
-            "from edsl.scenarios.Scenario import Scenario",
-            "from edsl.scenarios.ScenarioList import ScenarioList",
-        ]
-        lines = ["\n".join(header_lines)]
-        names = []
-        for index, scenario in enumerate(self):
-            lines.append(f"scenario_{index} = " + repr(scenario))
-            names.append(f"scenario_{index}")
-        lines.append(f"scenarios = ScenarioList([{', '.join(names)}])")
-        return lines
-
-    @classmethod
-    def example(cls, randomize: bool = False) -> ScenarioList:
-        """
-        Return an example ScenarioList instance.
-
-        :params randomize: If True, use Scenario's randomize method to randomize the values.
-        """
-        return cls([Scenario.example(randomize), Scenario.example(randomize)])
-
-    def rich_print(self) -> None:
-        """Display an object as a table."""
-        from rich.table import Table
-
-        table = Table(title="ScenarioList")
-        table.add_column("Index", style="bold")
-        table.add_column("Scenario")
-        for i, s in enumerate(self):
-            table.add_row(str(i), s.rich_print())
-        return table
-
-    def __getitem__(self, key: Union[int, slice]) -> Any:
-        """Return the item at the given index.
-
-        Example:
-        >>> s = ScenarioList([Scenario({'age': 22, 'hair': 'brown', 'height': 5.5}), Scenario({'age': 22, 'hair': 'brown', 'height': 5.5})])
-        >>> s[0]
-        Scenario({'age': 22, 'hair': 'brown', 'height': 5.5})
-
-        >>> s[:1]
-        ScenarioList([Scenario({'age': 22, 'hair': 'brown', 'height': 5.5})])
-
-        """
-        if isinstance(key, slice):
-            return ScenarioList(super().__getitem__(key))
-        elif isinstance(key, int):
-            return super().__getitem__(key)
-        else:
-            return self._to_dict()[key]
-
-    def to_agent_list(self):
-        """Convert the ScenarioList to an AgentList.
-
-        Example:
-
-        >>> s = ScenarioList([Scenario({'age': 22, 'hair': 'brown', 'height': 5.5}), Scenario({'age': 22, 'hair': 'brown', 'height': 5.5})])
-        >>> s.to_agent_list()
-        AgentList([Agent(traits = {'age': 22, 'hair': 'brown', 'height': 5.5}), Agent(traits = {'age': 22, 'hair': 'brown', 'height': 5.5})])
-        """
-        from edsl.agents.AgentList import AgentList
-        from edsl.agents.Agent import Agent
-
-        return AgentList([Agent(traits=s.data) for s in self])
-
-    def chunk(
-        self,
-        field,
-        num_words: Optional[int] = None,
-        num_lines: Optional[int] = None,
-        include_original=False,
-        hash_original=False,
-    ) -> "ScenarioList":
-        """Chunk the scenarios based on a field.
-
-        Example:
-
-        >>> s = ScenarioList([Scenario({'text': 'The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.'})])
-        >>> s.chunk('text', num_words=3)
-        ScenarioList([Scenario({'text': 'The quick brown', 'text_chunk': 0}), Scenario({'text': 'fox jumps over', 'text_chunk': 1}), Scenario({'text': 'the lazy dog.', 'text_chunk': 2})])
-        """
-        new_scenarios = []
-        for scenario in self:
-            replacement_scenarios = scenario.chunk(
-                field,
-                num_words=num_words,
-                num_lines=num_lines,
-                include_original=include_original,
-                hash_original=hash_original,
-            )
-            new_scenarios.extend(replacement_scenarios)
-        return ScenarioList(new_scenarios)
-
-
-if __name__ == "__main__":
-    import doctest
-
-    doctest.testmod(optionflags=doctest.ELLIPSIS)
+"""A list of Scenarios to be used in a survey."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+from typing import Any, Optional, Union, List, Callable
+import csv
+import random
+from collections import UserList, Counter
+from collections.abc import Iterable
+import urllib.parse
+import urllib.request
+from io import StringIO
+from collections import defaultdict
+import inspect
+
+from simpleeval import EvalWithCompoundTypes
+
+from edsl.Base import Base
+from edsl.utilities.decorators import add_edsl_version, remove_edsl_version
+from edsl.scenarios.Scenario import Scenario
+from edsl.scenarios.ScenarioListPdfMixin import ScenarioListPdfMixin
+from edsl.scenarios.ScenarioListExportMixin import ScenarioListExportMixin
+
+from edsl.conjure.naming_utilities import sanitize_string
+from edsl.utilities.utilities import is_valid_variable_name
+
+
+class ScenarioListMixin(ScenarioListPdfMixin, ScenarioListExportMixin):
+    pass
+
+
+class ScenarioList(Base, UserList, ScenarioListMixin):
+    """Class for creating a list of scenarios to be used in a survey."""
+
+    def __init__(self, data: Optional[list] = None, codebook: Optional[dict] = None):
+        """Initialize the ScenarioList class."""
+        if data is not None:
+            super().__init__(data)
+        else:
+            super().__init__([])
+        self.codebook = codebook or {}
+
+    def unique(self) -> ScenarioList:
+        """Return a list of unique scenarios.
+
+        >>> s = ScenarioList([Scenario({'a': 1}), Scenario({'a': 1}), Scenario({'a': 2})])
+        >>> s.unique()
+        ScenarioList([Scenario({'a': 1}), Scenario({'a': 2})])
+        """
+        return ScenarioList(list(set(self)))
+
+    @property
+    def has_jinja_braces(self) -> bool:
+        """Check if the ScenarioList has Jinja braces."""
+        return any([scenario.has_jinja_braces for scenario in self])
+
+    def convert_jinja_braces(self) -> ScenarioList:
+        """Convert Jinja braces to Python braces."""
+        return ScenarioList([scenario.convert_jinja_braces() for scenario in self])
+
+    def give_valid_names(self) -> ScenarioList:
+        """Give valid names to the scenario keys.
+
+        >>> s = ScenarioList([Scenario({'a': 1, 'b': 2}), Scenario({'a': 1, 'b': 1})])
+        >>> s.give_valid_names()
+        ScenarioList([Scenario({'a': 1, 'b': 2}), Scenario({'a': 1, 'b': 1})])
+        >>> s = ScenarioList([Scenario({'are you there John?': 1, 'b': 2}), Scenario({'a': 1, 'b': 1})])
+        >>> s.give_valid_names()
+        ScenarioList([Scenario({'john': 1, 'b': 2}), Scenario({'a': 1, 'b': 1})])
+        """
+        codebook = {}
+        new_scenaerios = []
+        for scenario in self:
+            new_scenario = {}
+            for key in scenario:
+                if not is_valid_variable_name(key):
+                    if key in codebook:
+                        new_key = codebook[key]
+                    else:
+                        new_key = sanitize_string(key)
+                        if not is_valid_variable_name(new_key):
+                            new_key = f"var_{len(codebook)}"
+                        codebook[key] = new_key
+                    new_scenario[new_key] = scenario[key]
+                else:
+                    new_scenario[key] = scenario[key]
+            new_scenaerios.append(Scenario(new_scenario))
+        return ScenarioList(new_scenaerios, codebook)
+
+    def unpivot(self, id_vars=None, value_vars=None):
+        """
+        Unpivot the ScenarioList, allowing for id variables to be specified.
+
+        Parameters:
+        id_vars (list): Fields to use as identifier variables (kept in each entry)
+        value_vars (list): Fields to unpivot. If None, all fields not in id_vars will be used.
+
+        Example:
+        >>> s = ScenarioList([
+        ...     Scenario({'id': 1, 'year': 2020, 'a': 10, 'b': 20}),
+        ...     Scenario({'id': 2, 'year': 2021, 'a': 15, 'b': 25})
+        ... ])
+        >>> s.unpivot(id_vars=['id', 'year'], value_vars=['a', 'b'])
+        ScenarioList([Scenario({'id': 1, 'year': 2020, 'variable': 'a', 'value': 10}), Scenario({'id': 1, 'year': 2020, 'variable': 'b', 'value': 20}), Scenario({'id': 2, 'year': 2021, 'variable': 'a', 'value': 15}), Scenario({'id': 2, 'year': 2021, 'variable': 'b', 'value': 25})])
+        """
+        if id_vars is None:
+            id_vars = []
+        if value_vars is None:
+            value_vars = [field for field in self[0].keys() if field not in id_vars]
+
+        new_scenarios = []
+        for scenario in self:
+            for var in value_vars:
+                new_scenario = {id_var: scenario[id_var] for id_var in id_vars}
+                new_scenario["variable"] = var
+                new_scenario["value"] = scenario[var]
+                new_scenarios.append(Scenario(new_scenario))
+
+        return ScenarioList(new_scenarios)
+
+    def pivot(self, id_vars, var_name="variable", value_name="value"):
+        """
+        Pivot the ScenarioList from long to wide format.
+
+        Parameters:
+        id_vars (list): Fields to use as identifier variables
+        var_name (str): Name of the variable column (default: 'variable')
+        value_name (str): Name of the value column (default: 'value')
+
+        Example:
+        >>> s = ScenarioList([
+        ...     Scenario({'id': 1, 'year': 2020, 'variable': 'a', 'value': 10}),
+        ...     Scenario({'id': 1, 'year': 2020, 'variable': 'b', 'value': 20}),
+        ...     Scenario({'id': 2, 'year': 2021, 'variable': 'a', 'value': 15}),
+        ...     Scenario({'id': 2, 'year': 2021, 'variable': 'b', 'value': 25})
+        ... ])
+        >>> s.pivot(id_vars=['id', 'year'])
+        ScenarioList([Scenario({'id': 1, 'year': 2020, 'a': 10, 'b': 20}), Scenario({'id': 2, 'year': 2021, 'a': 15, 'b': 25})])
+        """
+        pivoted_dict = {}
+
+        for scenario in self:
+            # Create a tuple of id values to use as a key
+            id_key = tuple(scenario[id_var] for id_var in id_vars)
+
+            # If this combination of id values hasn't been seen before, initialize it
+            if id_key not in pivoted_dict:
+                pivoted_dict[id_key] = {id_var: scenario[id_var] for id_var in id_vars}
+
+            # Add the variable-value pair to the dict
+            variable = scenario[var_name]
+            value = scenario[value_name]
+            pivoted_dict[id_key][variable] = value
+
+        # Convert the dict of dicts to a list of Scenarios
+        pivoted_scenarios = [
+            Scenario(dict(zip(id_vars, id_key), **values))
+            for id_key, values in pivoted_dict.items()
+        ]
+
+        return ScenarioList(pivoted_scenarios)
+
+    def group_by(self, id_vars, variables, func):
+        """
+        Group the ScenarioList by id_vars and apply a function to the specified variables.
+
+        Parameters:
+        id_vars (list): Fields to use as identifier variables for grouping
+        variables (list): Fields to pass to the aggregation function
+        func (callable): Function to apply to the grouped variables.
+                        Should accept lists of values for each variable.
+
+        Returns:
+        ScenarioList: A new ScenarioList with the grouped and aggregated results
+
+        Example:
+        >>> def avg_sum(a, b):
+        ...     return {'avg_a': sum(a) / len(a), 'sum_b': sum(b)}
+        >>> s = ScenarioList([
+        ...     Scenario({'group': 'A', 'year': 2020, 'a': 10, 'b': 20}),
+        ...     Scenario({'group': 'A', 'year': 2021, 'a': 15, 'b': 25}),
+        ...     Scenario({'group': 'B', 'year': 2020, 'a': 12, 'b': 22}),
+        ...     Scenario({'group': 'B', 'year': 2021, 'a': 17, 'b': 27})
+        ... ])
+        >>> s.group_by(id_vars=['group'], variables=['a', 'b'], func=avg_sum)
+        ScenarioList([Scenario({'group': 'A', 'avg_a': 12.5, 'sum_b': 45}), Scenario({'group': 'B', 'avg_a': 14.5, 'sum_b': 49})])
+        """
+        # Check if the function is compatible with the specified variables
+        func_params = inspect.signature(func).parameters
+        if len(func_params) != len(variables):
+            raise ValueError(
+                f"Function {func.__name__} expects {len(func_params)} arguments, but {len(variables)} variables were provided"
+            )
+
+        # Group the scenarios
+        grouped = defaultdict(lambda: defaultdict(list))
+        for scenario in self:
+            key = tuple(scenario[id_var] for id_var in id_vars)
+            for var in variables:
+                grouped[key][var].append(scenario[var])
+
+        # Apply the function to each group
+        result = []
+        for key, group in grouped.items():
+            try:
+                aggregated = func(*[group[var] for var in variables])
+            except Exception as e:
+                raise ValueError(f"Error applying function to group {key}: {str(e)}")
+
+            if not isinstance(aggregated, dict):
+                raise ValueError(f"Function {func.__name__} must return a dictionary")
+
+            new_scenario = dict(zip(id_vars, key))
+            new_scenario.update(aggregated)
+            result.append(Scenario(new_scenario))
+
+        return ScenarioList(result)
+
+    @property
+    def parameters(self) -> set:
+        """Return the set of parameters in the ScenarioList
+
+        Example:
+
+        >>> s = ScenarioList([Scenario({'a': 1}), Scenario({'b': 2})])
+        >>> s.parameters == {'a', 'b'}
+        True
+        """
+        if len(self) == 0:
+            return set()
+
+        return set.union(*[set(s.keys()) for s in self])
+
+    def __hash__(self) -> int:
+        """Return the hash of the ScenarioList.
+
+        >>> s = ScenarioList.example()
+        >>> hash(s)
+        1262252885757976162
+        """
+        from edsl.utilities.utilities import dict_hash
+
+        return dict_hash(self._to_dict(sort=True))
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return f"ScenarioList({self.data})"
+
+    def __mul__(self, other: ScenarioList) -> ScenarioList:
+        """Takes the cross product of two ScenarioLists.
+
+        >>> s1 = ScenarioList.from_list("a", [1, 2])
+        >>> s2 = ScenarioList.from_list("b", [3, 4])
+        >>> s1 * s2
+        ScenarioList([Scenario({'a': 1, 'b': 3}), Scenario({'a': 1, 'b': 4}), Scenario({'a': 2, 'b': 3}), Scenario({'a': 2, 'b': 4})])
+        """
+        from itertools import product
+
+        new_sl = []
+        for s1, s2 in list(product(self, other)):
+            new_sl.append(s1 + s2)
+        return ScenarioList(new_sl)
+
+    def times(self, other: ScenarioList) -> ScenarioList:
+        """Takes the cross product of two ScenarioLists.
+
+        Example:
+
+        >>> s1 = ScenarioList([Scenario({'a': 1}), Scenario({'a': 2})])
+        >>> s2 = ScenarioList([Scenario({'b': 1}), Scenario({'b': 2})])
+        >>> s1.times(s2)
+        ScenarioList([Scenario({'a': 1, 'b': 1}), Scenario({'a': 1, 'b': 2}), Scenario({'a': 2, 'b': 1}), Scenario({'a': 2, 'b': 2})])
+        """
+        return self.__mul__(other)
+
+    def shuffle(self, seed: Optional[str] = "edsl") -> ScenarioList:
+        """Shuffle the ScenarioList.
+
+        >>> s = ScenarioList.from_list("a", [1,2,3,4])
+        >>> s.shuffle()
+        ScenarioList([Scenario({'a': 3}), Scenario({'a': 4}), Scenario({'a': 1}), Scenario({'a': 2})])
+        """
+        random.seed(seed)
+        random.shuffle(self.data)
+        return self
+
+    def _repr_html_(self) -> str:
+        from edsl.utilities.utilities import data_to_html
+
+        data = self.to_dict()
+        _ = data.pop("edsl_version")
+        _ = data.pop("edsl_class_name")
+        for s in data["scenarios"]:
+            _ = s.pop("edsl_version")
+            _ = s.pop("edsl_class_name")
+        for scenario in data["scenarios"]:
+            for key, value in scenario.items():
+                if hasattr(value, "to_dict"):
+                    data[key] = value.to_dict()
+        return data_to_html(data)
+
+    def tally(self, field) -> dict:
+        """Return a tally of the values in the field.
+
+        Example:
+
+        >>> s = ScenarioList([Scenario({'a': 1, 'b': 1}), Scenario({'a': 1, 'b': 2})])
+        >>> s.tally('b')
+        {1: 1, 2: 1}
+        """
+        return dict(Counter([scenario[field] for scenario in self]))
+
+    def sample(self, n: int, seed="edsl") -> ScenarioList:
+        """Return a random sample from the ScenarioList
+
+        >>> s = ScenarioList.from_list("a", [1,2,3,4,5,6])
+        >>> s.sample(3)
+        ScenarioList([Scenario({'a': 2}), Scenario({'a': 1}), Scenario({'a': 3})])
+        """
+
+        random.seed(seed)
+
+        return ScenarioList(random.sample(self.data, n))
+
+    def expand(self, expand_field: str, number_field=False) -> ScenarioList:
+        """Expand the ScenarioList by a field.
+
+        Example:
+
+        >>> s = ScenarioList( [ Scenario({'a':1, 'b':[1,2]}) ] )
+        >>> s.expand('b')
+        ScenarioList([Scenario({'a': 1, 'b': 1}), Scenario({'a': 1, 'b': 2})])
+        """
+        new_scenarios = []
+        for scenario in self:
+            values = scenario[expand_field]
+            if not isinstance(values, Iterable) or isinstance(values, str):
+                values = [values]
+            for index, value in enumerate(values):
+                new_scenario = scenario.copy()
+                new_scenario[expand_field] = value
+                if number_field:
+                    new_scenario[expand_field + "_number"] = index + 1
+                new_scenarios.append(new_scenario)
+        return ScenarioList(new_scenarios)
+
+    def concatenate(self, fields: List[str], separator: str = ";") -> "ScenarioList":
+        """Concatenate specified fields into a single field.
+
+        Args:
+            fields (List[str]): List of field names to concatenate.
+            separator (str, optional): Separator to use between field values. Defaults to ";".
+
+        Returns:
+            ScenarioList: A new ScenarioList with concatenated fields.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> s = ScenarioList([Scenario({'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3}), Scenario({'a': 4, 'b': 5, 'c': 6})])
+            >>> s.concatenate(['a', 'b', 'c'])
+            ScenarioList([Scenario({'concat_a_b_c': '1;2;3'}), Scenario({'concat_a_b_c': '4;5;6'})])
+        """
+        new_scenarios = []
+        for scenario in self:
+            new_scenario = scenario.copy()
+            concat_values = []
+            for field in fields:
+                if field in new_scenario:
+                    concat_values.append(str(new_scenario[field]))
+                    del new_scenario[field]
+
+            new_field_name = f"concat_{'_'.join(fields)}"
+            new_scenario[new_field_name] = separator.join(concat_values)
+            new_scenarios.append(new_scenario)
+
+        return ScenarioList(new_scenarios)
+
+    def unpack_dict(
+        self, field: str, prefix: Optional[str] = None, drop_field: bool = False
+    ) -> ScenarioList:
+        """Unpack a dictionary field into separate fields.
+
+        Example:
+
+        >>> s = ScenarioList([Scenario({'a': 1, 'b': {'c': 2, 'd': 3}})])
+        >>> s.unpack_dict('b')
+        ScenarioList([Scenario({'a': 1, 'b': {'c': 2, 'd': 3}, 'c': 2, 'd': 3})])
+        """
+        new_scenarios = []
+        for scenario in self:
+            new_scenario = scenario.copy()
+            for key, value in scenario[field].items():
+                if prefix:
+                    new_scenario[prefix + key] = value
+                else:
+                    new_scenario[key] = value
+            if drop_field:
+                new_scenario.pop(field)
+            new_scenarios.append(new_scenario)
+        return ScenarioList(new_scenarios)
+
+    def transform(
+        self, field: str, func: Callable, new_name: Optional[str] = None
+    ) -> ScenarioList:
+        """Transform a field using a function."""
+        new_scenarios = []
+        for scenario in self:
+            new_scenario = scenario.copy()
+            new_scenario[new_name or field] = func(scenario[field])
+            new_scenarios.append(new_scenario)
+        return ScenarioList(new_scenarios)
+
+    def mutate(
+        self, new_var_string: str, functions_dict: Optional[dict[str, Callable]] = None
+    ) -> ScenarioList:
+        """
+        Return a new ScenarioList with a new variable added.
+
+        Example:
+
+        >>> s = ScenarioList([Scenario({'a': 1, 'b': 2}), Scenario({'a': 1, 'b': 1})])
+        >>> s.mutate("c = a + b")
+        ScenarioList([Scenario({'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3}), Scenario({'a': 1, 'b': 1, 'c': 2})])
+
+        """
+        if "=" not in new_var_string:
+            raise Exception(
+                f"Mutate requires an '=' in the string, but '{new_var_string}' doesn't have one."
+            )
+        raw_var_name, expression = new_var_string.split("=", 1)
+        var_name = raw_var_name.strip()
+        from edsl.utilities.utilities import is_valid_variable_name
+
+        if not is_valid_variable_name(var_name):
+            raise Exception(f"{var_name} is not a valid variable name.")
+
+        # create the evaluator
+        functions_dict = functions_dict or {}
+
+        def create_evaluator(scenario) -> EvalWithCompoundTypes:
+            return EvalWithCompoundTypes(names=scenario, functions=functions_dict)
+
+        def new_scenario(old_scenario: Scenario, var_name: str) -> Scenario:
+            evaluator = create_evaluator(old_scenario)
+            value = evaluator.eval(expression)
+            new_s = old_scenario.copy()
+            new_s[var_name] = value
+            return new_s
+
+        try:
+            new_data = [new_scenario(s, var_name) for s in self]
+        except Exception as e:
+            raise Exception(f"Error in mutate. Exception:{e}")
+
+        return ScenarioList(new_data)
+
+    def order_by(self, *fields: str, reverse: bool = False) -> ScenarioList:
+        """Order the scenarios by one or more fields.
+
+        Example:
+
+        >>> s = ScenarioList([Scenario({'a': 1, 'b': 2}), Scenario({'a': 1, 'b': 1})])
+        >>> s.order_by('b', 'a')
+        ScenarioList([Scenario({'a': 1, 'b': 1}), Scenario({'a': 1, 'b': 2})])
+        """
+
+        def get_sort_key(scenario: Any) -> tuple:
+            return tuple(scenario[field] for field in fields)
+
+        return ScenarioList(sorted(self, key=get_sort_key, reverse=reverse))
+
+    def filter(self, expression: str) -> ScenarioList:
+        """
+        Filter a list of scenarios based on an expression.
+
+        Example:
+
+        >>> s = ScenarioList([Scenario({'a': 1, 'b': 1}), Scenario({'a': 1, 'b': 2})])
+        >>> s.filter("b == 2")
+        ScenarioList([Scenario({'a': 1, 'b': 2})])
+        """
+
+        def create_evaluator(scenario: Scenario):
+            """Create an evaluator for the given result.
+            The 'combined_dict' is a mapping of all values for that Result object.
+            """
+            return EvalWithCompoundTypes(names=scenario)
+
+        try:
+            # iterates through all the results and evaluates the expression
+            new_data = [
+                scenario
+                for scenario in self.data
+                if create_evaluator(scenario).eval(expression)
+            ]
+        except Exception as e:
+            print(f"Exception:{e}")
+            raise Exception(f"Error in filter. Exception:{e}")
+
+        return ScenarioList(new_data)
+
+    def from_urls(
+        self, urls: list[str], field_name: Optional[str] = "text"
+    ) -> ScenarioList:
+        """Create a ScenarioList from a list of URLs.
+
+        :param urls: A list of URLs.
+        :param field_name: The name of the field to store the text from the URLs.
+
+
+        """
+        return ScenarioList([Scenario.from_url(url, field_name) for url in urls])
+
+    def select(self, *fields) -> ScenarioList:
+        """
+        Selects scenarios with only the references fields.
+
+        Example:
+
+        >>> s = ScenarioList([Scenario({'a': 1, 'b': 1}), Scenario({'a': 1, 'b': 2})])
+        >>> s.select('a')
+        ScenarioList([Scenario({'a': 1}), Scenario({'a': 1})])
+        """
+        if len(fields) == 1:
+            fields_to_select = [list(fields)[0]]
+        else:
+            fields_to_select = list(fields)
+
+        return ScenarioList(
+            [scenario.select(fields_to_select) for scenario in self.data]
+        )
+
+    def drop(self, *fields) -> ScenarioList:
+        """Drop fields from the scenarios.
+
+        Example:
+
+        >>> s = ScenarioList([Scenario({'a': 1, 'b': 1}), Scenario({'a': 1, 'b': 2})])
+        >>> s.drop('a')
+        ScenarioList([Scenario({'b': 1}), Scenario({'b': 2})])
+        """
+        return ScenarioList([scenario.drop(fields) for scenario in self.data])
+
+    def keep(self, *fields) -> ScenarioList:
+        """Keep only the specified fields in the scenarios.
+
+        Example:
+
+        >>> s = ScenarioList([Scenario({'a': 1, 'b': 1}), Scenario({'a': 1, 'b': 2})])
+        >>> s.keep('a')
+        ScenarioList([Scenario({'a': 1}), Scenario({'a': 1})])
+        """
+        return ScenarioList([scenario.keep(fields) for scenario in self.data])
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_list(
+        cls, name: str, values: list, func: Optional[Callable] = None
+    ) -> ScenarioList:
+        """Create a ScenarioList from a list of values.
+
+        Example:
+
+        >>> ScenarioList.from_list('name', ['Alice', 'Bob'])
+        ScenarioList([Scenario({'name': 'Alice'}), Scenario({'name': 'Bob'})])
+        """
+        if not func:
+            func = lambda x: x
+        return cls([Scenario({name: func(value)}) for value in values])
+
+    def to_dataset(self) -> "Dataset":
+        """
+        >>> s = ScenarioList.from_list("a", [1,2,3])
+        >>> s.to_dataset()
+        Dataset([{'a': [1, 2, 3]}])
+        >>> s = ScenarioList.from_list("a", [1,2,3]).add_list("b", [4,5,6])
+        >>> s.to_dataset()
+        Dataset([{'a': [1, 2, 3]}, {'b': [4, 5, 6]}])
+        """
+        from edsl.results.Dataset import Dataset
+
+        keys = self[0].keys()
+        data = [{key: [scenario[key] for scenario in self.data]} for key in keys]
+        return Dataset(data)
+
+    def split(
+        self, field: str, split_on: str, index: int, new_name: Optional[str] = None
+    ) -> ScenarioList:
+        """Split a scenario fiel in multiple fields."""
+        if new_name is None:
+            new_name = field + "_split_" + str(index)
+        new_scenarios = []
+        for scenario in self:
+            new_scenario = scenario.copy()
+            new_scenario[new_name] = scenario[field].split(split_on)[index]
+            new_scenarios.append(new_scenario)
+        return ScenarioList(new_scenarios)
+
+    def add_list(self, name, values) -> ScenarioList:
+        """Add a list of values to a ScenarioList.
+
+        Example:
+
+        >>> s = ScenarioList([Scenario({'name': 'Alice'}), Scenario({'name': 'Bob'})])
+        >>> s.add_list('age', [30, 25])
+        ScenarioList([Scenario({'name': 'Alice', 'age': 30}), Scenario({'name': 'Bob', 'age': 25})])
+        """
+        for i, value in enumerate(values):
+            if i < len(self):
+                self[i][name] = value
+            else:
+                self.append(Scenario({name: value}))
+        return self
+
+    def add_value(self, name: str, value: Any) -> ScenarioList:
+        """Add a value to all scenarios in a ScenarioList.
+
+        Example:
+
+        >>> s = ScenarioList([Scenario({'name': 'Alice'}), Scenario({'name': 'Bob'})])
+        >>> s.add_value('age', 30)
+        ScenarioList([Scenario({'name': 'Alice', 'age': 30}), Scenario({'name': 'Bob', 'age': 30})])
+        """
+        for scenario in self:
+            scenario[name] = value
+        return self
+
+    def rename(self, replacement_dict: dict) -> ScenarioList:
+        """Rename the fields in the scenarios.
+
+        Example:
+
+        >>> s = ScenarioList([Scenario({'name': 'Alice', 'age': 30}), Scenario({'name': 'Bob', 'age': 25})])
+        >>> s.rename({'name': 'first_name', 'age': 'years'})
+        ScenarioList([Scenario({'first_name': 'Alice', 'years': 30}), Scenario({'first_name': 'Bob', 'years': 25})])
+
+        """
+
+        new_list = ScenarioList([])
+        for obj in self:
+            new_obj = obj.rename(replacement_dict)
+            new_list.append(new_obj)
+        return new_list
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_sqlite(cls, filepath: str, table: str):
+        import sqlite3
+
+        with sqlite3.connect(filepath) as conn:
+            cursor = conn.cursor()
+            cursor.execute(f"SELECT * FROM {table}")
+            columns = [description[0] for description in cursor.description]
+            data = cursor.fetchall()
+        return cls([Scenario(dict(zip(columns, row))) for row in data])
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_latex(cls, tex_file_path: str):
+        with open(tex_file_path, "r") as file:
+            lines = file.readlines()
+
+        processed_lines = []
+        non_blank_lines = [
+            (i, line.strip()) for i, line in enumerate(lines) if line.strip()
+        ]
+
+        for index, (line_no, text) in enumerate(non_blank_lines):
+            entry = {
+                "line_no": line_no + 1,  # Using 1-based index for line numbers
+                "text": text,
+                "line_before": non_blank_lines[index - 1][1] if index > 0 else None,
+                "line_after": (
+                    non_blank_lines[index + 1][1]
+                    if index < len(non_blank_lines) - 1
+                    else None
+                ),
+            }
+            processed_lines.append(entry)
+
+        return ScenarioList([Scenario(entry) for entry in processed_lines])
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_google_doc(cls, url: str) -> ScenarioList:
+        """Create a ScenarioList from a Google Doc.
+
+        This method downloads the Google Doc as a Word file (.docx), saves it to a temporary file,
+        and then reads it using the from_docx class method.
+
+        Args:
+            url (str): The URL to the Google Doc.
+
+        Returns:
+            ScenarioList: An instance of the ScenarioList class.
+
+        """
+        import tempfile
+        import requests
+        from docx import Document
+
+        if "/edit" in url:
+            doc_id = url.split("/d/")[1].split("/edit")[0]
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("Invalid Google Doc URL format.")
+
+        export_url = f"https://docs.google.com/document/d/{doc_id}/export?format=docx"
+
+        # Download the Google Doc as a Word file (.docx)
+        response = requests.get(export_url)
+        response.raise_for_status()  # Ensure the request was successful
+
+        # Save the Word file to a temporary file
+        with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(suffix=".docx", delete=False) as temp_file:
+            temp_file.write(response.content)
+            temp_filename = temp_file.name
+
+        # Call the from_docx class method with the temporary file
+        return cls.from_docx(temp_filename)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_pandas(cls, df) -> ScenarioList:
+        """Create a ScenarioList from a pandas DataFrame.
+
+        Example:
+
+        >>> import pandas as pd
+        >>> df = pd.DataFrame({'name': ['Alice', 'Bob'], 'age': [30, 25], 'location': ['New York', 'Los Angeles']})
+        >>> ScenarioList.from_pandas(df)
+        ScenarioList([Scenario({'name': 'Alice', 'age': 30, 'location': 'New York'}), Scenario({'name': 'Bob', 'age': 25, 'location': 'Los Angeles'})])
+        """
+        return cls([Scenario(row) for row in df.to_dict(orient="records")])
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_wikipedia(cls, url: str, table_index: int = 0):
+        """
+        Extracts a table from a Wikipedia page.
+
+        Parameters:
+            url (str): The URL of the Wikipedia page.
+            table_index (int): The index of the table to extract (default is 0).
+
+        Returns:
+            pd.DataFrame: A DataFrame containing the extracted table.
+        # # Example usage
+        # url = "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)"
+        # df = from_wikipedia(url, 0)
+
+        # if not df.empty:
+        #     print(df.head())
+        # else:
+        #     print("Failed to extract table.")
+
+
+        """
+        import pandas as pd
+        import requests
+        from requests.exceptions import RequestException
+
+        try:
+            # Check if the URL is reachable
+            response = requests.get(url)
+            response.raise_for_status()  # Raises HTTPError for bad responses
+
+            # Extract tables from the Wikipedia page
+            tables = pd.read_html(url)
+
+            # Ensure the requested table index is within the range of available tables
+            if table_index >= len(tables) or table_index < 0:
+                raise IndexError(
+                    f"Table index {table_index} is out of range. This page has {len(tables)} table(s)."
+                )
+
+            # Return the requested table as a DataFrame
+            # return tables[table_index]
+            return cls.from_pandas(tables[table_index])
+
+        except RequestException as e:
+            print(f"Error fetching the URL: {e}")
+        except ValueError as e:
+            print(f"Error parsing tables: {e}")
+        except IndexError as e:
+            print(e)
+        except Exception as e:
+            print(f"An unexpected error occurred: {e}")
+
+        # Return an empty DataFrame in case of an error
+        # return cls.from_pandas(pd.DataFrame())
+
+    def to_key_value(self, field: str, value=None) -> Union[dict, set]:
+        """Return the set of values in the field.
+
+        Example:
+
+        >>> s = ScenarioList([Scenario({'name': 'Alice'}), Scenario({'name': 'Bob'})])
+        >>> s.to_key_value('name') == {'Alice', 'Bob'}
+        True
+        """
+        if value is None:
+            return {scenario[field] for scenario in self}
+        else:
+            return {scenario[field]: scenario[value] for scenario in self}
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_excel(
+        cls, filename: str, sheet_name: Optional[str] = None
+    ) -> ScenarioList:
+        """Create a ScenarioList from an Excel file.
+
+        If the Excel file contains multiple sheets and no sheet_name is provided,
+        the method will print the available sheets and require the user to specify one.
+
+        Example:
+
+        >>> import tempfile
+        >>> import os
+        >>> import pandas as pd
+        >>> with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(delete=False, suffix='.xlsx') as f:
+        ...     df1 = pd.DataFrame({
+        ...         'name': ['Alice', 'Bob'],
+        ...         'age': [30, 25],
+        ...         'location': ['New York', 'Los Angeles']
+        ...     })
+        ...     df2 = pd.DataFrame({
+        ...         'name': ['Charlie', 'David'],
+        ...         'age': [35, 40],
+        ...         'location': ['Chicago', 'Boston']
+        ...     })
+        ...     with pd.ExcelWriter(f.name) as writer:
+        ...         df1.to_excel(writer, sheet_name='Sheet1', index=False)
+        ...         df2.to_excel(writer, sheet_name='Sheet2', index=False)
+        ...     temp_filename = f.name
+        >>> scenario_list = ScenarioList.from_excel(temp_filename, sheet_name='Sheet1')
+        >>> len(scenario_list)
+        2
+        >>> scenario_list[0]['name']
+        'Alice'
+        >>> scenario_list = ScenarioList.from_excel(temp_filename)  # Should raise an error and list sheets
+        Traceback (most recent call last):
+        ...
+        ValueError: Please provide a sheet name to load data from.
+        """
+        from edsl.scenarios.Scenario import Scenario
+        import pandas as pd
+
+        # Get all sheets
+        all_sheets = pd.read_excel(filename, sheet_name=None)
+
+        # If no sheet_name is provided and there is more than one sheet, print available sheets
+        if sheet_name is None:
+            if len(all_sheets) > 1:
+                print("The Excel file contains multiple sheets:")
+                for name in all_sheets.keys():
+                    print(f"- {name}")
+                raise ValueError("Please provide a sheet name to load data from.")
+            else:
+                # If there is only one sheet, use it
+                sheet_name = list(all_sheets.keys())[0]
+
+        # Load the specified or determined sheet
+        df = pd.read_excel(filename, sheet_name=sheet_name)
+
+        observations = []
+        for _, row in df.iterrows():
+            observations.append(Scenario(row.to_dict()))
+
+        return cls(observations)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_google_sheet(cls, url: str, sheet_name: str = None) -> ScenarioList:
+        """Create a ScenarioList from a Google Sheet.
+
+        This method downloads the Google Sheet as an Excel file, saves it to a temporary file,
+        and then reads it using the from_excel class method.
+
+        Args:
+            url (str): The URL to the Google Sheet.
+            sheet_name (str, optional): The name of the sheet to load. If None, the method will behave
+                                        the same as from_excel regarding multiple sheets.
+
+        Returns:
+            ScenarioList: An instance of the ScenarioList class.
+
+        """
+        import pandas as pd
+        import tempfile
+        import requests
+
+        if "/edit" in url:
+            sheet_id = url.split("/d/")[1].split("/edit")[0]
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("Invalid Google Sheet URL format.")
+
+        export_url = (
+            f"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/{sheet_id}/export?format=xlsx"
+        )
+
+        # Download the Google Sheet as an Excel file
+        response = requests.get(export_url)
+        response.raise_for_status()  # Ensure the request was successful
+
+        # Save the Excel file to a temporary file
+        with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(suffix=".xlsx", delete=False) as temp_file:
+            temp_file.write(response.content)
+            temp_filename = temp_file.name
+
+        # Call the from_excel class method with the temporary file
+        return cls.from_excel(temp_filename, sheet_name=sheet_name)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_csv(cls, source: Union[str, urllib.parse.ParseResult]) -> ScenarioList:
+        """Create a ScenarioList from a CSV file or URL.
+
+        Args:
+            source: A string representing either a local file path or a URL to a CSV file,
+                    or a urllib.parse.ParseResult object for a URL.
+
+        Returns:
+            ScenarioList: A ScenarioList object containing the data from the CSV.
+
+        Example:
+
+        >>> import tempfile
+        >>> import os
+        >>> with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(delete=False, mode='w', suffix='.csv') as f:
+        ...     _ = f.write("name,age,location\\nAlice,30,New York\\nBob,25,Los Angeles\\n")
+        ...     temp_filename = f.name
+        >>> scenario_list = ScenarioList.from_csv(temp_filename)
+        >>> len(scenario_list)
+        2
+        >>> scenario_list[0]['name']
+        'Alice'
+        >>> scenario_list[1]['age']
+        '25'
+
+        >>> url = "https://example.com/data.csv"
+        >>> ## scenario_list_from_url = ScenarioList.from_csv(url)
+        """
+        from edsl.scenarios.Scenario import Scenario
+
+        def is_url(source):
+            try:
+                result = urllib.parse.urlparse(source)
+                return all([result.scheme, result.netloc])
+            except ValueError:
+                return False
+
+        if isinstance(source, str) and is_url(source):
+            with urllib.request.urlopen(source) as response:
+                csv_content = response.read().decode("utf-8")
+            csv_file = StringIO(csv_content)
+        elif isinstance(source, urllib.parse.ParseResult):
+            with urllib.request.urlopen(source.geturl()) as response:
+                csv_content = response.read().decode("utf-8")
+            csv_file = StringIO(csv_content)
+        else:
+            csv_file = open(source, "r")
+
+        try:
+            reader = csv.reader(csv_file)
+            header = next(reader)
+            observations = [Scenario(dict(zip(header, row))) for row in reader]
+        finally:
+            csv_file.close()
+
+        return cls(observations)
+
+    def _to_dict(self, sort=False) -> dict:
+        if sort:
+            data = sorted(self, key=lambda x: hash(x))
+        else:
+            data = self
+        return {"scenarios": [s._to_dict() for s in data]}
+
+    @add_edsl_version
+    def to_dict(self) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        """Return the `ScenarioList` as a dictionary.
+
+        Example:
+
+        >>> s = ScenarioList([Scenario({'food': 'wood chips'}), Scenario({'food': 'wood-fired pizza'})])
+        >>> s.to_dict()
+        {'scenarios': [{'food': 'wood chips', 'edsl_version': '...', 'edsl_class_name': 'Scenario'}, {'food': 'wood-fired pizza', 'edsl_version': '...', 'edsl_class_name': 'Scenario'}], 'edsl_version': '...', 'edsl_class_name': 'ScenarioList'}
+        """
+        return {"scenarios": [s.to_dict() for s in self]}
+
+    @classmethod
+    def gen(cls, scenario_dicts_list: List[dict]) -> ScenarioList:
+        """Create a `ScenarioList` from a list of dictionaries.
+
+        Example:
+
+        >>> ScenarioList.gen([{'name': 'Alice'}, {'name': 'Bob'}])
+        ScenarioList([Scenario({'name': 'Alice'}), Scenario({'name': 'Bob'})])
+
+        """
+        from edsl.scenarios.Scenario import Scenario
+
+        return cls([Scenario(s) for s in scenario_dicts_list])
+
+    @classmethod
+    @remove_edsl_version
+    def from_dict(cls, data) -> ScenarioList:
+        """Create a `ScenarioList` from a dictionary."""
+        from edsl.scenarios.Scenario import Scenario
+
+        return cls([Scenario.from_dict(s) for s in data["scenarios"]])
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_nested_dict(cls, data: dict) -> ScenarioList:
+        """Create a `ScenarioList` from a nested dictionary."""
+        from edsl.scenarios.Scenario import Scenario
+
+        s = ScenarioList()
+        for key, value in data.items():
+            s.add_list(key, value)
+        return s
+
+    def code(self) -> str:
+        ## TODO: Refactor to only use the questions actually in the survey
+        """Create the Python code representation of a survey."""
+        header_lines = [
+            "from edsl.scenarios.Scenario import Scenario",
+            "from edsl.scenarios.ScenarioList import ScenarioList",
+        ]
+        lines = ["\n".join(header_lines)]
+        names = []
+        for index, scenario in enumerate(self):
+            lines.append(f"scenario_{index} = " + repr(scenario))
+            names.append(f"scenario_{index}")
+        lines.append(f"scenarios = ScenarioList([{', '.join(names)}])")
+        return lines
+
+    @classmethod
+    def example(cls, randomize: bool = False) -> ScenarioList:
+        """
+        Return an example ScenarioList instance.
+
+        :params randomize: If True, use Scenario's randomize method to randomize the values.
+        """
+        return cls([Scenario.example(randomize), Scenario.example(randomize)])
+
+    def rich_print(self) -> None:
+        """Display an object as a table."""
+        from rich.table import Table
+
+        table = Table(title="ScenarioList")
+        table.add_column("Index", style="bold")
+        table.add_column("Scenario")
+        for i, s in enumerate(self):
+            table.add_row(str(i), s.rich_print())
+        return table
+
+    def __getitem__(self, key: Union[int, slice]) -> Any:
+        """Return the item at the given index.
+
+        Example:
+        >>> s = ScenarioList([Scenario({'age': 22, 'hair': 'brown', 'height': 5.5}), Scenario({'age': 22, 'hair': 'brown', 'height': 5.5})])
+        >>> s[0]
+        Scenario({'age': 22, 'hair': 'brown', 'height': 5.5})
+
+        >>> s[:1]
+        ScenarioList([Scenario({'age': 22, 'hair': 'brown', 'height': 5.5})])
+
+        """
+        if isinstance(key, slice):
+            return ScenarioList(super().__getitem__(key))
+        elif isinstance(key, int):
+            return super().__getitem__(key)
+        else:
+            return self._to_dict()[key]
+
+    def to_agent_list(self):
+        """Convert the ScenarioList to an AgentList.
+
+        Example:
+
+        >>> s = ScenarioList([Scenario({'age': 22, 'hair': 'brown', 'height': 5.5}), Scenario({'age': 22, 'hair': 'brown', 'height': 5.5})])
+        >>> s.to_agent_list()
+        AgentList([Agent(traits = {'age': 22, 'hair': 'brown', 'height': 5.5}), Agent(traits = {'age': 22, 'hair': 'brown', 'height': 5.5})])
+        """
+        from edsl.agents.AgentList import AgentList
+        from edsl.agents.Agent import Agent
+
+        return AgentList([Agent(traits=s.data) for s in self])
+
+    def chunk(
+        self,
+        field,
+        num_words: Optional[int] = None,
+        num_lines: Optional[int] = None,
+        include_original=False,
+        hash_original=False,
+    ) -> "ScenarioList":
+        """Chunk the scenarios based on a field.
+
+        Example:
+
+        >>> s = ScenarioList([Scenario({'text': 'The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.'})])
+        >>> s.chunk('text', num_words=3)
+        ScenarioList([Scenario({'text': 'The quick brown', 'text_chunk': 0}), Scenario({'text': 'fox jumps over', 'text_chunk': 1}), Scenario({'text': 'the lazy dog.', 'text_chunk': 2})])
+        """
+        new_scenarios = []
+        for scenario in self:
+            replacement_scenarios = scenario.chunk(
+                field,
+                num_words=num_words,
+                num_lines=num_lines,
+                include_original=include_original,
+                hash_original=hash_original,
+            )
+            new_scenarios.extend(replacement_scenarios)
+        return ScenarioList(new_scenarios)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    import doctest
+
+    doctest.testmod(optionflags=doctest.ELLIPSIS)