e2D 1.4.11__py3-none-any.whl → 1.4.13__py3-none-any.whl

e2D/__init__.py

@@ -1,523 +1,105 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
-import numpy as _np
 import math as _mt
 import random as _rnd
+from typing import Any, Generator, Literal
 
 PI = _mt.pi
-HALF_PI = PI/2
-QUARTER_PI = PI/4
-DOUBLE_PI = PI*2
+PI_HALF = PI/2
+PI_QUARTER = PI/4
+PI_DOUBLE = PI*2
 
-# regular expression to remove comments:
-# """([\s\S]*?)"""
-
-# 
+sign = lambda val: -1 if val < 0 else (1 if val > 0 else 0)
 
 class Vector2D:
-    round_values_on_print :int|float= 2
-    def __init__(self:"Vector2D", x:int|float=0.0, y:int|float=0.0) -> None:
-        """
-        # Initialize a 2D vector with the specified x and y components.
-
-        ## Parameters:
-            x (int | float, optional): The x-component of the vector. Default is 0.
-            y (int | float, optional): The y-component of the vector. Default is 0.
-
-        ## Example:
-            vector1 = Vector2D()        # Creates a vector with x=0 and y=0
-            vector2 = Vector2D(3, -2.5) # Creates a vector with x=3 and y=-2.5
-
-        ## Explanation:
-            This constructor initializes a 2D vector with the specified x and y components.
-
-            If no arguments are provided, the default values for x and y are both set to 0.
-
-            The x and y components can be integers or floating-point numbers.
-
-            Example usage is shown in the "Example" section above.
-        """
+    round_values_on_print = 2
+    def __init__(self, x=.0, y=.0) -> None:
         self.x = x
         self.y = y
-    
-    def set(self:"Vector2D", x:int|float=0, y:int|float=0) -> None:
-        """
-        # Change the components of the Vector2D other without creating a new one.
-
-        ## Parameters:
-            x (int | float, optional): The new x-component to set. Default is 0.
-            y (int | float, optional): The new y-component to set. Default is 0.
-
-        ## Example:
-            vector = Vector2D(1, 2)
-            vector.set(3, -4)
-            print(vector.x, vector.y)  # Output: 3, -4
-
-        ## Explanation:
-            The method updates the x and y components of the Vector2D other to the specified values.
-
-            If no arguments are provided, the default values for x and y are both set to 0.
-
-            The x and y components can be integers or floating-point numbers.
-
-            The method does not return any value, but it modifies the Vector2D other in place.
-
-            Example usage is shown in the "Example" section above.
-        """
-        self.x = x
-        self.y = y
-
-    def distance_to(self:"Vector2D", other:"float|int|Vector2D|list|tuple", sqrd:bool=True) -> int|float:
-        """
-        # Calculate the distance between the current Vector2D other and another other.
-
-        ## Parameters:
-            other (float or int or Vector2D or list|tuple): The other other to which the distance is calculated.
-            squared (bool, optional): If True, return the squared distance. If False, return the actual distance.
-                                      Default is True.
-
-        ## Returns:
-            int|float: The squared distance between the current Vector2D other and the other other if `squared` is True,
-                      otherwise the actual distance.
-
-        ## Example:
-            point1 = Vector2D(0, 0)
 
-            point2 = Vector2D(3, 4)
-
-            squared_distance = point1.distance_to(point2)
-
-            print(f"Squared Distance: {squared_distance}")
-
-            distance = point1.distance_to(point2, squared=False)
-
-            print(f"Actual Distance: {distance}")
-
-            This will calculate the squared and actual distances between the two points.
-
-        ## Explanation:
-            The function calculates the squared distance between the current Vector2D other (self) and another other
-            (other) using the formula: (self.x - other.x)**2 + (self.y - other.y)**2.
-
-            The result is returned as the squared distance if `squared` is True, or as the actual distance if `squared` is False.
-        """
-        other = self.__normalize__(other)
+    def distance_to(self, other, sqrd=True) -> int|float:
         d = (self.x - other.x)**2 + (self.y - other.y)**2
         return (d**(1/2) if sqrd else d)
 
-    def angle(self:"Vector2D") -> int|float:
-        return _mt.atan2(self.y, self.x)
-
-    def angle_to(self:"Vector2D", other:"float|int|Vector2D|list|tuple") -> int|float:
-        """
-        # Calculate the angle between the current Vector2D other and another other.
-
-        ## Parameters:
-            other (float or int or Vector2D or list|tuple): The other other to which the angle is calculated.
-
-        ## Returns:
-            int|float: The angle in radians between the current Vector2D other and the other other.
-
-        ## Example:
-            point1 = Vector2D(0, 0)
-
-            point2 = Vector2D(1, 1)
-
-            angle = point1.angle_to(point2)
-
-            print(f"Angle in radians: {angle}")
-
-            This will calculate the angle in radians between the two points.
-
-        ## Explanation:
-            The function calculates the angle in radians between the current Vector2D other (self) and another other
-            (other) using the `atan2` function from the `math` module.
-
-            The result is returned as the angle in radians.
-        """
-        other = self.__normalize__(other)
+    def angle_to(self, other) -> int|float:
         return _mt.atan2(other.y - self.y, other.x - self.x)
 
-    def point_from_degs(self:"Vector2D", degs:int|float, radius:int|float) -> "Vector2D":
-        """
-        # Calculate a new Vector2D point from the current point based on an angle in degs and a radius.
-
-        ## Parameters:
-            rad (int|float): The angle in degs.
-            radius (int|float): The distance from the current point.
-
-        ## Returns:
-            Vector2D: A new Vector2D point calculated from the current point.
-
-        ## Example:
-            point1 = Vector2D(0, 0)
+    def point_from_angle_and_radius(self, rad, radius) -> "Vector2D":
+        return Vector2D(radius * _mt.cos(rad) + self.x, radius * _mt.sin(rad) + self.y)
 
-            angle = 45
-
-            distance = 5
-
-            new_point = point1.point_from_degs(angle, distance)
-
-            print(new_point.x, new_point.y)
-
-            This will calculate a new point 5 units away from point1 at a 45-degree angle.
-
-        ## Explanation:
-            The function calculates a new Vector2D point based on an angle in degs (degs) and a distance (radius)
-            from the current Vector2D point.
-
-            It computes the new x and y coordinates of the point using the trigonometric functions `cos` and `sin`
-            to determine the horizontal and vertical components of the new point.
-
-            The result is returned as a new Vector2D point with the calculated coordinates.
-        """
-        x = radius * _mt.cos(_mt.radians(degs)) + self.x
-        y = radius * _mt.sin(_mt.radians(degs)) + self.y
-        return Vector2D(x, y)
-    
-    def point_from_rads(self:"Vector2D", rad:int|float, radius:int|float) -> "Vector2D":
-        """
-        # Calculate a new Vector2D point from the current point based on an angle in radians and a radius.
-
-        ## Parameters:
-            rad (int|float): The angle in radians.
-            radius (int|float): The distance from the current point.
-
-        ## Returns:
-            Vector2D: A new Vector2D point calculated from the current point.
-
-        ## Example:
-            point1 = Vector2D(0, 0)
-
-            angle = 45
-
-            distance = 5
-
-            new_point = point1.point_from_degs(_mt.radians(angle), distance)
-
-            print(new_point.x, new_point.y)
-
-            This will calculate a new point 5 units away from point1 at a 45-degree angle.
-
-        ## Explanation:
-            The function calculates a new Vector2D point based on an angle in radians (rad) and a distance (radius)
-            from the current Vector2D point.
-
-            It computes the new x and y coordinates of the point using the trigonometric functions `cos` and `sin`
-            to determine the horizontal and vertical components of the new point.
-
-            The result is returned as a new Vector2D point with the calculated coordinates.
-        """
-        x = radius * _mt.cos(rad) + self.x
-        y = radius * _mt.sin(rad) + self.y
-        return Vector2D(x, y)
-
-    def copy(self:"Vector2D") -> "Vector2D":
-        """
-        # Create a copy of the current Vector2D other.
-
-        ## Returns:
-            Vector2D: A new Vector2D other with the same x and y coordinates as the current other.
-
-        ## Example:
-            point1 = Vector2D(1, 2)
-
-            point2 = point1.copy()
-
-            print(point2.x, point2.y)
-
-            This will print the x and y coordinates of the copied Vector2D other (1, 2).
+    @property
+    def angle(self) -> int|float:
+        return _mt.atan2(self.y, self.x)
 
-        ## Explanation:
-            The function creates a new Vector2D other with the same x and y coordinates as the current other.
+    @angle.setter
+    def angle(self, argv) -> None:
+        print(argv)
 
-            The result is returned as a new Vector2D other, effectively making a copy of the original other.
-        """
+    @property
+    def copy(self) -> "Vector2D":
         return Vector2D(self.x, self.y)
 
-    def sign(self:"Vector2D") -> "Vector2D":
-        """
-        # Perform an "absolute round" operation on the Vector2D other.
-
-        ## Parameters:
-            n (int|float, optional): The numeric value to scale the "absolute rounded" vector. Default is 1.
-
-        ## Returns:
-            Vector2D: The "absolute rounded" Vector2D other scaled by the provided numeric value.
-
-        ## Example:
-            vector1 = Vector2D(3.3, -4.7)
-
-            result1 = vector1.absolute_round(0.5)
-
-            print(result1.x, result1.y)
-
-            vector2 = Vector2D(-2.8, 1.1)
-
-            result2 = vector2.absolute_round()
-
-            print(result2.x, result2.y)
-
-        ## Explanation:
-            The function performs an "absolute round" operation on the Vector2D other.
-
-            The "absolute round" operation involves taking the absolute values of both the x and y components of the Vector2D other,
-            and then scaling the resulting vector by the provided numeric value (n).
-
-            The default value of n is 1, which means the "absolute rounded" vector will have the same magnitude as the original vector.
-
-            If the provided numeric value (n) is 0, the function returns a Vector2D other with zeros for both components.
-
-            If the provided numeric value (n) is negative, the resulting "absolute rounded" vector will point in the opposite direction
-            as the original vector but will have the same magnitude.
-
-            Note: The "absolute round" operation does not perform standard mathematical rounding; instead, it ensures the resulting
-            vector points in the same direction as the original vector but has non-negative components.
-        """
-        return self.no_zero_div_error(abs(self), "zero")
+    @property
+    def sign(self) -> "Vector2D":
+        return Vector2D(sign(self.x), sign(self.y))
+    
+    @property
+    def normalize(self) -> "Vector2D":
+        if (mag:=self.length) == 0:
+            return self.copy
+        return Vector2D(self.x / mag, self.y / mag)
+    
+    @property
+    def length(self) -> float:
+        return (self.x ** 2 + self.y ** 2) ** .5
+    
+    @property
+    def length_sqrd(self) -> float:
+        return self.x ** 2 + self.y ** 2
 
-    def floor(self:"Vector2D", n:"int|float|Vector2D"=1) -> "Vector2D":
+    def floor(self, n=1) -> "Vector2D":
         return self.__floor__(n)
 
-    def ceil(self:"Vector2D", n:"int|float|Vector2D"=1) -> "Vector2D":
+    def ceil(self, n=1) -> "Vector2D":
         return self.__ceil__(n)
     
-    def round(self:"Vector2D", n:"int|float|Vector2D"=1) -> "Vector2D":
+    def round(self, n=1) -> "Vector2D":
         return self.__round__(n)
 
-    def randomize(start:"int|float|Vector2D|None"=None, end:"int|float|Vector2D|None"=None) -> "Vector2D": #type: ignore
-        """
-        # Generate a random Vector2D point within the specified range.
-
-        ## Parameters:
-            start (int|float or Vector2D or None, optional): The starting point of the range.
-                                                        Default is None, which corresponds to (0, 0).
-                                                        If numeric, both x and y will have the same value.
-            end (int|float or Vector2D or None, optional): The ending point of the range.
-                                                        Default is None, which corresponds to (1, 1).
-                                                        If numeric, both x and y will have the same value.
-
-        ## Returns:
-            Vector2D: A new random Vector2D point within the specified range.
-
-        ## Example:
-            random_point = randomize(Vector2D(10, 20), Vector2D(50, 70))
-
-            print(random_point.x, random_point.y)
-
-            This will print a random point between (10, 20) and (50, 70).
-
-        ## Explanation:
-            The function generates a random Vector2D point within the specified range defined by `start` and `end`.
-
-            If `start` and `end` are numeric values (int or float), both x and y coordinates will have the same value.
-
-            If `start` and `end` are None, the default range is assumed to be (0, 0) to (1, 1).
-
-            The function first checks if `start` and `end` are Vector2D others. If not, it creates new Vector2D others
-            based on the numeric values provided or the default values.
-
-            It then generates random x and y coordinates in the range [0, 1) using the `random()` function from the `random` module.
-            These random values are then scaled by (end - start) and added to the start point to obtain the final random Vector2D point.
-        """
-        if not any(isinstance(start, cls) for cls in {Vector2D, V2}):
-            if type(start) in int|float: start = Vector2D(start, start) #type: ignore
-            elif type(start) == None: start = Vector2D(0,0)
-            else: raise Exception(f"\nArg start must be in [Vector2D, int, float, tuple, list] not a [{type(start)}]\n")
-        if not any(isinstance(end, cls) for cls in {Vector2D, V2}):
-            if type(end) in int|float: end = Vector2D(end, end) #type: ignore
-            elif type(end) == None: end = Vector2D(1,1)
-            else: raise Exception(f"\nArg end must be in [Vector2D, int, float, tuple, list] not a [{type(end)}]\n")
-        return start + Vector2D(_rnd.random(), _rnd.random()) * (end - start) #type: ignore
+    @classmethod
+    def randomize(cls, start, end) -> "Vector2D":
+        if not isinstance(start, Vector2D):
+            if isinstance(start, (int, float)):
+                start = Vector2D(start, start)
+            else:
+                raise Exception(f"\nArg start must be in [Vector2D, int, float, tuple, list] not a [{type(start)}]\n")
+        if not isinstance(end, Vector2D):
+            if isinstance(end, (int, float)):
+                end = Vector2D(end, end)
+            else:
+                raise Exception(f"\nArg end must be in [Vector2D, int, float, tuple, list] not a [{type(end)}]\n")
+        return start + Vector2D(_rnd.random(), _rnd.random()) * (end - start)
     
-    def dot_product(self, other:"float|int|Vector2D|list|tuple") -> float:
-        other = self.__normalize__(other)
-        """
-        # Calculate the dot product of the current vector with another vector.
-
-        ## Parameters:
-            other (Vector2D): The other vector for the dot product calculation.
-
-        ## Returns:
-            float: The dot product value.
-
-        ## Example:
-            v1 = Vector2D(2, 3)
-            v2 = Vector2D(4, -1)
-            result = v1.dot_product(v2)
-            print(result)  # Output: 5
-
-        ## Explanation:
-            The dot product of two vectors (A and B) is given by the formula: dot_product = A.x * B.x + A.y * B.y
-
-            The method takes another vector (other) as input and returns the dot product value.
-
-            Example usage is shown in the "Example" section above.
-        """
+    def dot_product(self, other) -> float:
         return self.x * other.x + self.y * other.y
 
-    def normalize(self) -> "Vector2D":
-        """
-        # Vector Normalization
-
-        ## Returns:
-            Vector2D: A new vector with the same direction as the current vector but with a magnitude of 1.
-
-        ## Raises:
-            ValueError: If the magnitude of the current vector is zero (zero vector).
-
-        ## Example:
-            v = Vector2D(3, 4)
-            normalized_v = v.normalize()  # Normalize the vector (3, 4)
-            print(normalized_v)  # Output: (0.6, 0.8)
-
-        ## Explanation:
-            This method calculates the normalized version of the current vector, which means a new vector with the same direction as the original but with a magnitude of 1.
-
-            The method first calculates the magnitude of the current vector using the 'magnitude' method.
-
-            If the magnitude is zero (zero vector), a ValueError is raised, as normalization is not defined for zero vectors.
-
-            The normalized vector is obtained by dividing each component of the current vector by its magnitude.
-
-            The resulting normalized vector is returned.
-
-            Example usage is shown in the "Example" section above.
-        """
-        mag = self.length()
-        if mag == 0:
-            return self
-        return Vector2D(self.x / mag, self.y / mag)
-
-    def projection(self, other:"float|int|Vector2D|list|tuple") -> "Vector2D":
-        """
-        # Vector Projection
-
-        ## Parameters:
-            other (float, int, Vector2D, V2, list, tuple): The vector onto which to project.
-
-        ## Returns:
-            Vector2D or V2: The projection of the current vector onto the 'other' vector.
-
-        ## Raises:
-            ValueError: If 'other' is a zero vector.
-
-        ## Example:
-            v1 = Vector2D(3, 4)
-            v2 = Vector2D(1, 0)
-            projection_v = v1.projection(v2)  # Calculate the projection of v1 onto v2
-            print(projection_v)  # Output: (3.0, 0.0)
-
-        ## Explanation:
-            This method calculates the projection of the current vector onto the 'other' vector.
-            The projection is a vector that represents the component of the current vector in the direction of the 'other' vector.
-
-            If 'other' is not a Vector2D instance, it will be converted to one using the '__normalize__' method.
-            The method first normalizes the 'other' vector using the '__normalize__' method of the vector.
-
-            Next, it calculates the dot product of the current vector and the normalized 'other' vector using the 'dot_product' method.
-            It also calculates the squared magnitude of the 'other' vector using the 'magnitude' method.
-
-            If the magnitude of 'other' is zero (a zero vector), a ValueError is raised, as projection is not defined for zero vectors.
-
-            The projection is then obtained by scaling the 'other' vector by the dot product divided by the squared magnitude.
-
-            The resulting projection vector is returned.
-
-            Example usage is shown in the "Example" section above.
-        """
-        other = self.__normalize__(other)
+    def projection(self, other) -> "Vector2D":
         dot_product = self.dot_product(other)
-        magnitude_product = other.length() ** 2
+        magnitude_product = other.length ** 2
         if magnitude_product == 0:
             raise ValueError("Cannot calculate projection for zero vectors.")
         return other * (dot_product / magnitude_product)
 
-    def reflection(self, normal:"float|int|Vector2D|list|tuple") -> "Vector2D":
-        """
-        # Vector Reflection
-
-        ## Parameters:
-            normal (float, int, Vector2D, V2, list, tuple): The normal vector representing the surface of reflection.
-
-        ## Returns:
-            Vector2D or V2: The reflected vector.
-
-        ## Example:
-            incident_vector = Vector2D(3, 4)
-            normal_vector = Vector2D(1, 0)
-            reflected_vector = incident_vector.reflection(normal_vector)  # Calculate the reflection of the incident vector over the given normal
-            print(reflected_vector)  # Output: (-3.0, 4.0)
-
-        ## Explanation:
-            This method calculates the reflection of the current vector over the given normal vector.
-            The normal vector represents the surface of reflection, and it should be normalized (unit vector).
-
-            The method first normalizes the 'normal' vector using the '__normalize__' method of the vector.
-            Next, it calculates the projection of the current vector onto the 'normal' vector using the 'projection' method.
-            The reflected vector is obtained by subtracting twice the projection from the current vector.
-
-            The resulting reflected vector is returned.
-
-            Example usage is shown in the "Example" section above.
-        """
-        normal = self.__normalize__(normal)
-        projection = self.projection(normal)
-        return self - projection * 2
+    def reflection(self, normal) -> "Vector2D":
+        return self - self.projection(normal) * 2
 
     def cartesian_to_polar(self) -> tuple:
-        """
-        # Convert Cartesian Coordinates to Polar Coordinates
-
-        ## Returns:
-            tuple: A tuple containing the radial distance (magnitude) 'r' and the angle 'theta' in radians.
-
-        ## Example:
-            v = Vector2D(3, 4)
-            r, theta = v.cartesian_to_polar()  # Convert Cartesian coordinates (3, 4) to polar
-            print(r, theta)  # Output: (5.0, 0.9272952180016122)
-
-        ## Explanation:
-            This method converts Cartesian coordinates (x, y) to polar coordinates (r, theta).
-            'r' is the radial distance (magnitude) from the origin to the point, and 'theta' is the angle
-            (in radians) measured from the positive x-axis to the point.
-
-            The method calculates the radial distance 'r' using the 'magnitude' method of the vector.
-            The angle 'theta' is calculated using the arctan2 function, which takes the y and x components of the vector.
-
-            The resulting 'r' and 'theta' are returned as a tuple.
-
-            Example usage is shown in the "Example" section above.
-        """
-        r = self.length()
+        r = self.length
         theta = _mt.atan2(self.y, self.x)
         return r, theta
 
     @classmethod
-    def polar_to_cartesian(cls, r: float|int, theta: float|int) -> "Vector2D":
-        """
-        # Convert Polar Coordinates to Cartesian Coordinates
-
-        ## Parameters:
-            r (float or int): The radial distance (magnitude) from the origin to the point.
-            theta (float or int): The angle (in radians or degrees) measured from the positive x-axis to the point.
-
-        ## Returns:
-            Vector2D or V2: A new vector representing the Cartesian coordinates (x, y) of the point.
-
-        ## Example:
-            cartesian_point = Vector2D.polar_to_cartesian(5, math.pi/4)  # Convert polar coordinates (r=5, theta=45 degrees) to Cartesian
-            print(cartesian_point)  # Output: (3.5355339059327378, 3.5355339059327373)
-
-        ## Explanation:
-            This class method converts polar coordinates (r, theta) to Cartesian coordinates (x, y).
-            'r' is the radial distance (magnitude) from the origin to the point, and 'theta' is the angle
-            (in radians or degrees) measured from the positive x-axis to the point.
-
-            The method calculates the x and y components using trigonometric functions (cosine and sine) based on 'r' and 'theta'.
-
-            Example usage is shown in the "Example" section above.
-        """
+    def polar_to_cartesian(cls, r, theta) -> "Vector2D":
         x = r * _mt.cos(theta)
         y = r * _mt.sin(theta)
         return cls(x, y)
@@ -526,150 +108,40 @@ class Vector2D:
         return self.x + self.y * 1j
 
     @classmethod
-    def complex_to_cartesian(cls, complex_n: complex) -> "Vector2D":
+    def complex_to_cartesian(cls, complex_n) -> "Vector2D":
         return cls(complex_n.real, complex_n.imag)
 
-    def length(self) -> float:
-        return (self.x ** 2 + self.y ** 2) ** .5
-
-    def lerp(self, other:"float|int|Vector2D|list|tuple", t: float) -> "Vector2D":
-        """
-        # Linear Interpolation (LERP)
-
-        ## Parameters:
-            other (float, int, Vector2D, V2, list, tuple): The vector to interpolate towards.
-            t (float): The interpolation parameter. Must be between 0 and 1.
-
-        ## Returns:
-            Vector2D or V2: The result of the linear interpolation.
-
-        ## Raises:
-            ValueError: If t is not within the range [0, 1].
-
-        ## Example:
-            v1 = Vector2D(1, 2)
-            v2 = Vector2D(5, 7)
-            interpolated_v = v1.lerp(v2, 0.5)  # Linearly interpolate between v1 and v2 with t = 0.5
-            print(interpolated_v)  # Output: (3.0, 4.5)
-
-        ## Explanation:
-            This method performs linear interpolation between the current vector and the 'other' vector.
-            The 't' parameter represents the interpolation parameter, which controls how much the interpolation
-            leans towards the 'other' vector. When 't' is 0, the result will be equal to the current vector (self).
-            When 't' is 1, the result will be equal to the 'other' vector. For intermediate values of 't', the
-            result will be a linear combination of the two vectors, smoothly transitioning between them.
-
-            If 'other' is not a Vector2D instance, it will be converted to one using the '__normalize__' method.
-            If 't' is not within the range [0, 1], a ValueError is raised.
-
-            Example usage is shown in the "Example" section above.
-        """
-        other = self.__normalize__(other)
+    def lerp(self, other, t=.1) -> "Vector2D":
+        other = Vector2D.__normalize__(other)
         if not 0 <= t <= 1:
             raise ValueError("t must be between 0 and 1 for linear interpolation.")
         return Vector2D(self.x + (other.x - self.x) * t, self.y + (other.y - self.y) * t)
 
-    def rotate(self, angle: int|float, center:"float|int|Vector2D|list|tuple|None"=None) -> "Vector2D":
-        """
-        # Rotate the vector by a given angle around the origin or a specified center.
-
-        ## Parameters:
-            angle (int or float): The angle of rotation in radians or degrees, depending on the trigonometric functions used.
-            center (float, int, Vector2D, V2, list, tuple, or None): The center of rotation.
-                If None, the vector is rotated around the origin (0, 0).
-
-        ## Returns:
-            Vector2D or V2: The rotated vector.
-
-        ## Example:
-            v = Vector2D(3, 4)
-            rotated_v = v.rotate(math.pi / 4)  # Rotate 45 degrees around the origin
-            print(rotated_v)  # Output: (0.7071067811865476, 5.656854249492381)
-            
-            center = Vector2D(1, 1)
-            rotated_v = v.rotate(math.pi / 4, center)  # Rotate 45 degrees around the center (1, 1)
-            print(rotated_v)  # Output: (1.7071067811865475, 2.656854249492381)
-
-        ## Explanation:
-            This method rotates the vector by the specified angle around the given center.
-            If no center is provided, the vector is rotated around the origin (0, 0).
-
-            The method calculates the trigonometric functions (cosine and sine) of the angle to perform the rotation.
-            The translated vector is obtained by subtracting the center from the current vector.
-            The rotated vector is then obtained by applying the rotation transformation to the translated vector.
-            The center is added back to the rotated vector to obtain the final result.
-
-            Example usage is shown in the "Example" section above.
-        """
-        if center is None: center = V2z
-        else: center = self.__normalize__(center)
+    def rotate(self, angle, center=None) -> "Vector2D":
+        if center is None: center = Vector2D.zero()
         translated = self - center
         cos_angle = _mt.cos(angle)
         sin_angle = _mt.sin(angle)
         return Vector2D(translated.x * cos_angle - translated.y * sin_angle, translated.x * sin_angle + translated.y * cos_angle) + center
 
-    def no_zero_div_error(self:"Vector2D", n:"int|float|Vector2D", error_mode:str="zero") -> "Vector2D":
-        """
-        # Handle division between the Vector2D other and a numeric value or another Vector2D other.
-
-        ## Parameters:
-            n (int|float or Vector2D): The numeric value or Vector2D other for division.
-            error_mode (str, optional): The mode to handle division by zero scenarios.
-                                        - "zero" (default): Return a Vector2D other with zeros for both components.
-                                        - "null": Return a Vector2D other with the original x or y component if available,
-                                                   otherwise, return NaN (Not a Number) for the component.
-
-        ## Returns:
-            Vector2D: A new Vector2D other after division or handling division by zero scenarios.
-
-        ## Example:
-            vector1 = Vector2D(3, 4)
-
-            result1 = vector1.no_zero_div_error(2)
-
-            print(result1.x, result1.y)
-
-            vector2 = Vector2D(5, 0)
-
-            result2 = vector1.no_zero_div_error(vector2, error_mode="null")
-
-            print(result2.x, result2.y)
-
-        ## Explanation:
-            The function handles division between the Vector2D other and a numeric value or another Vector2D other.
-
-            If n is a numeric value (int or float):
-                - If n is zero, the function returns a Vector2D other with zeros for both components if error_mode is "zero".
-                - If error_mode is "null", the function returns a Vector2D other with the original x or y component if available,
-                  otherwise, return NaN (Not a Number) for the component.
-
-            If n is a Vector2D other:
-                - If n's x or y component is zero, the function returns a Vector2D other with zeros for the corresponding component
-                  if error_mode is "zero".
-                - If error_mode is "null", the function returns a Vector2D other with the original x or y component if available,
-                  otherwise, return NaN (Not a Number) for the component.
-
-            If n is neither a numeric value nor a Vector2D other, the function raises an exception.
-        """
-        if any(isinstance(n, cls) for cls in {int, float}):
+    def no_zero_div_error(self, n, error_mode="zero") -> "Vector2D":
+        if isinstance(n, (int, float)):
             if n == 0:
-                return Vector2D(0 if error_mode == "zero" else (self.x if error_mode == "null" else _mt.nan), 0 if error_mode == "zero" else (self.y if error_mode == "null" else _mt.nan))
+                return Vector2D(0 if error_mode ==  "zero" else (self.x if error_mode == "null" else _mt.nan), 0 if error_mode == "zero" else (self.y if error_mode == "null" else _mt.nan))
             else:
                 return self / n
-        elif any(isinstance(n, cls) for cls in {Vector2D, V2}):
+        elif isinstance(n, Vector2D):
             return Vector2D((0 if error_mode == "zero" else (self.x if error_mode == "null" else _mt.nan)) if n.x == 0 else self.x / n.x, (0 if error_mode == "zero" else (self.y if error_mode == "null" else _mt.nan)) if n.y == 0 else self.y / n.y) #type: ignore
         else:
             raise Exception(f"\nArg n must be in [Vector2D, int, float, tuple, list] not a [{type(n)}]\n")
 
-    def min(self:"Vector2D", other:"float|int|Vector2D|list|tuple") -> "Vector2D":
-        other = self.__normalize__(other)
+    def min(self, other) -> "Vector2D":
         return Vector2D(min(self.x, other.x), min(self.y, other.y))
     
-    def max(self:"Vector2D", other:"float|int|Vector2D|list|tuple") -> "Vector2D":
-        other = self.__normalize__(other)
+    def max(self, other) -> "Vector2D":
         return Vector2D(max(self.x, other.x), max(self.y, other.y))
 
-    def advanced_stringify(self:"Vector2D", precision:float|None=None, use_scientific_notation:bool=False, return_as_list=False) -> str:
+    def advanced_stringify(self, precision=None, use_scientific_notation=False, return_as_list=False) -> str|list[str]:
         precision = self.round_values_on_print if precision == None else precision
         def optimize(value) -> str:
             abs_value = abs(value)
@@ -680,433 +152,399 @@ class Vector2D:
             else:
                 return f"{value:.{precision}e}"
         if return_as_list:
-            return [optimize(self.x), optimize(self.y)] if use_scientific_notation else [f"{self.x:.{precision}f}", f"{self.y:.{precision}f}"] #type: ignore
+            return [f"{optimize(self.x)}", f"{optimize(self.y)}"] if use_scientific_notation else [f"{self.x:.{precision}f}", f"{self.y:.{precision}f}"]
         return f"{optimize(self.x)}, {optimize(self.y)}" if use_scientific_notation else f"{self.x:.{precision}f}, {self.y:.{precision}f}"
 
-    def __str__(self:"Vector2D") -> str:
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
         return f"{self.x:.{self.round_values_on_print}f}, {self.y:.{self.round_values_on_print}f}"
 
-    def __repr__(self:"Vector2D") -> str:
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
         return f"x:{self.x:.{self.round_values_on_print}f}\ty:{self.y:.{self.round_values_on_print}f}"
 
-    def __call__(self:"Vector2D", return_tuple=False) -> list|tuple:
-        return (self.x, self.y) if return_tuple else [self.x, self.y]
+    def __call__(self) -> list:
+        return [self.x, self.y]
+    
+    # fast operations     Vector2D.operation(both,x,y)
+    def add(self, both=.0, x=.0, y=.0) -> Vector2D:
+        return Vector2D(self.x + (x + both), self.y + (y + both))
+    
+    def sub(self, both=.0, x=.0, y=.0) -> Vector2D:
+        return Vector2D(self.x - (x + both), self.y - (y + both))
+    
+    def mult(self, both=.0, x=.0, y=.0) -> Vector2D:
+        return Vector2D(self.x * (x + both), self.y * (y + both))
+    
+    def pow(self, both=.0, x=.0, y=.0) -> Vector2D:
+        return Vector2D(self.x ** (x + both), self.y ** (y + both))
+    
+    def mod(self, both=.0, x=.0, y=.0) -> Vector2D:
+        return Vector2D(self.x % (x + both), self.y % (y + both))
+    
+    def div(self, both=.0, x=.0, y=.0) -> Vector2D:
+        return Vector2D(self.x / (x + both), self.y / (y + both))
+    
+    def fdiv(self, both=.0, x=.0, y=.0) -> Vector2D:
+        return Vector2D(self.x // (x + both), self.y // (y + both))
+
+    # fast inplace operations     Vector2D.ioperation(both,x,y)
+    def set(self, both=.0, x=.0, y=.0) -> Vector2D:
+        self.x = x + both
+        self.y = y + both
+        return self
+
+    def iadd(self, both=.0, x=.0, y=.0) -> Vector2D:
+        self.x += x + both
+        self.y += y + both
+        return self
+    
+    def isub(self, both=.0, x=.0, y=.0) -> Vector2D:
+        self.x -= x + both
+        self.y -= y + both
+        return self
+    
+    def imult(self, both=.0, x=.0, y=.0) -> Vector2D:
+        self.x *= x + both
+        self.y *= y + both
+        return self
+    
+    def ipow(self, both=.0, x=.0, y=.0) -> Vector2D:
+        self.x **= x + both
+        self.y **= y + both
+        return self
+    
+    def imod(self, both=.0, x=.0, y=.0) -> Vector2D:
+        self.x %= x + both
+        self.y %= y + both
+        return self
+    
+    def idiv(self, both=.0, x=.0, y=.0) -> Vector2D:
+        self.x /= x + both
+        self.y /= y + both
+        return self
+    
+    def ifdiv(self, both=.0, x=.0, y=.0) -> Vector2D:
+        self.x //= x + both
+        self.y //= y + both
+        return self
 
     # normal operations     Vector2D + a
-    def __add__(self:"Vector2D", other:"float|int|Vector2D|list|tuple") -> "Vector2D":
-        other = self.__normalize__(other)
+    def __add__(self, other) -> "Vector2D":
+        other = Vector2D.__normalize__(other)
         return Vector2D(self.x + other.x, self.y + other.y)
     
-    def __sub__(self:"Vector2D", other:"float|int|Vector2D|list|tuple") -> "Vector2D":
-        other = self.__normalize__(other)
+    def __sub__(self, other) -> "Vector2D":
+        other = Vector2D.__normalize__(other)
         return Vector2D(self.x - other.x, self.y - other.y)
     
-    def __mul__(self:"Vector2D", other:"float|int|Vector2D|list|tuple") -> "Vector2D":
-        other = self.__normalize__(other)
+    def __mul__(self, other) -> "Vector2D":
+        other = Vector2D.__normalize__(other)
         return Vector2D(self.x * other.x, self.y * other.y)
 
-    def __mod__(self:"Vector2D", other:"float|int|Vector2D|list|tuple") -> "Vector2D":
-        other = self.__normalize__(other)
+    def __mod__(self, other) -> "Vector2D":
+        other = Vector2D.__normalize__(other)
         return Vector2D(self.x % other.x, self.y % other.y)
     
-    def __pow__(self:"Vector2D", other:"float|int|Vector2D|list|tuple") -> "Vector2D":
-        other = self.__normalize__(other)
+    def __pow__(self, other) -> "Vector2D":
+        other = Vector2D.__normalize__(other)
         return Vector2D(self.x ** other.x, self.y ** other.y)
 
-    def __truediv__(self:"Vector2D", other:"float|int|Vector2D|list|tuple") -> "Vector2D":
-        other = self.__normalize__(other)
+    def __truediv__(self, other) -> "Vector2D":
+        other = Vector2D.__normalize__(other)
         return Vector2D(self.x / other.x, self.y / other.y)
 
-    def __floordiv__(self:"Vector2D", other:"float|int|Vector2D|list|tuple") -> "Vector2D":
-        other = self.__normalize__(other)
+    def __floordiv__(self, other) -> "Vector2D":
+        other = Vector2D.__normalize__(other)
         return Vector2D(self.x // other.x, self.y // other.y)
     
     # right operations      a + Vector2D
-    def __radd__(self:"Vector2D", other:"float|int|Vector2D|list|tuple") -> "Vector2D":
+    def __radd__(self, other) -> "Vector2D":
         return self.__add__(other)
     
-    def __rsub__(self:"Vector2D", other:"float|int|Vector2D|list|tuple") -> "Vector2D":
-        other = self.__normalize__(other)
+    def __rsub__(self, other) -> "Vector2D":
+        other = Vector2D.__normalize__(other)
         return Vector2D(other.x - self.x, other.y - self.y)
     
-    def __rmul__(self:"Vector2D", other:"float|int|Vector2D|list|tuple") -> "Vector2D":
+    def __rmul__(self, other) -> "Vector2D":
         return self.__mul__(other)
 
-    def __rmod__(self:"Vector2D", other:"float|int|Vector2D|list|tuple") -> "Vector2D":
-        other = self.__normalize__(other)
+    def __rmod__(self, other) -> "Vector2D":
+        other = Vector2D.__normalize__(other)
         return Vector2D(other.x % self.x, other.y % self.y)
     
-    def __rpow__(self:"Vector2D", other:"float|int|Vector2D|list|tuple") -> "Vector2D":
-        other = self.__normalize__(other)
+    def __rpow__(self, other) -> "Vector2D":
+        other = Vector2D.__normalize__(other)
         return Vector2D(other.x ** self.x, other.y ** self.y)
 
-    def __rtruediv__(self:"Vector2D", other:"float|int|Vector2D|list|tuple") -> "Vector2D":
-        other = self.__normalize__(other)
+    def __rtruediv__(self, other) -> "Vector2D":
+        other = Vector2D.__normalize__(other)
         return Vector2D(other.x / self.x, other.y / self.y)
 
-    def __rfloordiv__(self:"Vector2D", other:"float|int|Vector2D|list|tuple") -> "Vector2D":
-        other = self.__normalize__(other)
+    def __rfloordiv__(self, other) -> "Vector2D":
+        other = Vector2D.__normalize__(other)
         return Vector2D(other.x // self.x, other.y // self.y)
     
     # in-place operations   Vector2D += a
-    def __iadd__(self:"Vector2D", other:"float|int|Vector2D|list|tuple") -> "Vector2D":
-        other = self.__normalize__(other)
+    def __iadd__(self, other) -> "Vector2D":
+        other = Vector2D.__normalize__(other)
         self.x += other.x
         self.y += other.y
         return self
 
-    def __isub__(self:"Vector2D", other:"float|int|Vector2D|list|tuple") -> "Vector2D":
-        other = self.__normalize__(other)
+    def __isub__(self, other) -> "Vector2D":
+        other = Vector2D.__normalize__(other)
         self.x -= other.x
         self.y -= other.y
         return self
     
-    def __imul__(self:"Vector2D", other:"float|int|Vector2D|list|tuple") -> "Vector2D":
-        other = self.__normalize__(other)
+    def __imul__(self, other) -> "Vector2D":
+        other = Vector2D.__normalize__(other)
         self.x *= other.x
         self.y *= other.y
         return self
 
-    def __itruediv__(self:"Vector2D", other:"float|int|Vector2D|list|tuple") -> "Vector2D":
-        other = self.__normalize__(other)
+    def __itruediv__(self, other) -> "Vector2D":
+        other = Vector2D.__normalize__(other)
         self.x /= other.x
         self.y /= other.y
         return self
     
-    def __imod__(self:"Vector2D", other:"float|int|Vector2D|list|tuple") -> "Vector2D":
-        other = self.__normalize__(other)
+    def __imod__(self, other) -> "Vector2D":
+        other = Vector2D.__normalize__(other)
         self.x %= other.x
         self.y %= other.y
         return self
     
-    def __ipow__(self:"Vector2D", other:"float|int|Vector2D|list|tuple") -> "Vector2D":
-        other = self.__normalize__(other)
+    def __ipow__(self, other) -> "Vector2D":
+        other = Vector2D.__normalize__(other)
         self.x **= other.x
         self.y **= other.y
         return self
 
-    def __ifloordiv__(self:"Vector2D", other:"float|int|Vector2D|list|tuple") -> "Vector2D":
-        other = self.__normalize__(other)
+    def __ifloordiv__(self, other) -> "Vector2D":
+        other = Vector2D.__normalize__(other)
         self.x //= other.x
         self.y //= other.y
         return self
 
     # comparasion
     def __eq__(self, other) -> bool:
-        try: other = self.__normalize__(other)
+        try: other = Vector2D.__normalize__(other)
         except: return False
         return self.x == other.x and self.y == other.y
 
     def __ne__(self, other) -> bool:
         return not self.__eq__(other)
 
-    def __abs__(self:"Vector2D") -> "Vector2D":
+    def __abs__(self) -> "Vector2D":
         return Vector2D(abs(self.x), abs(self.y))
 
-    def __round__(self:"Vector2D", n:"int|float|Vector2D"=1) -> "Vector2D":
-        n = self.__normalize__(n)
+    def __round__(self, n=1) -> "Vector2D":
+        n = Vector2D.__normalize__(n)
         return Vector2D(round(self.x / n.x) * n.x, round(self.y / n.y) * n.y)
 
-    def __floor__(self:"Vector2D", n:"int|float|Vector2D"=1) -> "Vector2D":
-        n = self.__normalize__(n)
-        return Vector2D(_mt.floor(self.x / n.x) * n.x, _mt.floor(self.y / n.y) * n.y)
+    def __floor__(self, n=1) -> "Vector2D":
+        n = Vector2D.__normalize__(n)
+        return Vector2D((self.x / n.x).__floor__() * n.x, (self.y / n.y).__floor__() * n.y)
 
-    def __ceil__(self:"Vector2D", n:"int|float|Vector2D"=1) -> "Vector2D":
-        n = self.__normalize__(n)
-        return Vector2D(_mt.ceil(self.x / n.x) * n.x, _mt.ceil(self.y / n.y) * n.y)
+    def __ceil__(self, n=1) -> "Vector2D":
+        n = Vector2D.__normalize__(n)
+        return Vector2D((self.x / n.x).__ceil__() * n.x, (self.y / n.y).__ceil__() * n.y)
     
-    def __float__(self:"Vector2D") -> "Vector2D":
+    def __float__(self) -> "Vector2D":
         return Vector2D(float(self.x), float(self.y))
 
-    def __getitem__(self:"Vector2D", n) -> int|float:
-        if n in [0, "x"]:
+    def __getitem__(self, n) -> int|float:
+        if n == 0 or n == "x":
             return self.x
-        elif n in [1, "y"]:
+        elif n == 1 or n == "y":
             return self.y
         else:
             raise IndexError("V2 has only x,y...")
     
-    def __normalize__(self:"Vector2D", other) -> "Vector2D":
-        if not isinstance(other, Vector2D):
-            if any(isinstance(other, cls) for cls in {int, float}):
-                return Vector2D(other, other)
-            elif any(isinstance(other, cls) for cls in {list, tuple}):
-                return Vector2D(*other[:2])
-            else:
-                try:
-                    return Vector2D(other.x, other.y)
-                except:
-                    raise TypeError(f"pThe value {other} of type {type(other)} is not a num type: [{int|float}] nor an array type: [{list|tuple}]")
-        return other
+    def __iter__(self) -> Generator[float, Any, None]:
+        yield self.x
+        yield self.y
+    
+    @classmethod
+    def __normalize__(cls, other) -> "Vector2D":
+        if isinstance(other, Vector2D):
+            return other
+        if isinstance(other, (int, float)):
+            return cls(other, other)
+        if isinstance(other, (list, tuple)):
+            return cls(*other[:2])
+        try:
+            return cls(other.x, other.y)
+        except:
+            raise TypeError(f"The value {other} of type {type(other)} is not a num type: [{int|float}] nor an array type: [{list|tuple}]")
+            
+    @classmethod
+    def zero(cls) -> "Vector2D": return V2zero
+    @classmethod
+    def one(cls) -> "Vector2D": return V2one
+    @classmethod
+    def two(cls) -> "Vector2D": return V2two
+    @classmethod
+    def pi(cls) -> "Vector2D": return V2pi
+    @classmethod
+    def inf(cls) -> "Vector2D": return V2inf
+    @classmethod
+    def neg_one(cls) -> "Vector2D": return V2neg_one
+    @classmethod
+    def neg_two(cls) -> "Vector2D": return V2neg_two
+    @classmethod
+    def neg_pi(cls) -> "Vector2D": return V2neg_pi
+    @classmethod
+    def neg_inf(cls) -> "Vector2D": return V2neg_inf
+    @classmethod
+    def up(cls) -> "Vector2D": return V2up
+    @classmethod
+    def right(cls) -> "Vector2D": return V2right
+    @classmethod
+    def down(cls) -> "Vector2D": return V2down
+    @classmethod
+    def left(cls) -> "Vector2D": return V2left
+    @classmethod
+    def up_right(cls) -> "Vector2D": return V2up_right
+    @classmethod
+    def down_right(cls) -> "Vector2D": return V2down_right
+    @classmethod
+    def up_left(cls) -> "Vector2D": return V2up_left
+    @classmethod
+    def down_left(cls) -> "Vector2D": return V2down_left
+    @classmethod
+    def up_right_norm(cls) -> "Vector2D": return V2up_right_norm
+    @classmethod
+    def down_right_norm(cls) -> "Vector2D": return V2down_right_norm
+    @classmethod
+    def up_left_norm(cls) -> "Vector2D": return V2up_left_norm
+    @classmethod
+    def down_left_norm(cls) -> "Vector2D": return V2down_left_norm
+
+    @classmethod
+    def new_zero(cls) -> "Vector2D": return V2zero.copy
+    @classmethod
+    def new_one(cls) -> "Vector2D": return V2one.copy
+    @classmethod
+    def new_two(cls) -> "Vector2D": return V2two.copy
+    @classmethod
+    def new_pi(cls) -> "Vector2D": return V2pi.copy
+    @classmethod
+    def new_inf(cls) -> "Vector2D": return V2inf.copy
+    @classmethod
+    def new_neg_one(cls) -> "Vector2D": return V2neg_one.copy
+    @classmethod
+    def new_neg_two(cls) -> "Vector2D": return V2neg_two.copy
+    @classmethod
+    def new_neg_pi(cls) -> "Vector2D": return V2neg_pi.copy
+    @classmethod
+    def new_neg_inf(cls) -> "Vector2D": return V2neg_inf.copy
+    @classmethod
+    def new_up(cls) -> "Vector2D": return V2up.copy
+    @classmethod
+    def new_right(cls) -> "Vector2D": return V2right.copy
+    @classmethod
+    def new_down(cls) -> "Vector2D": return V2down.copy
+    @classmethod
+    def new_left(cls) -> "Vector2D": return V2left.copy
+    @classmethod
+    def new_up_right(cls) -> "Vector2D": return V2up_right.copy
+    @classmethod
+    def new_down_right(cls) -> "Vector2D": return V2down_right.copy
+    @classmethod
+    def new_up_left(cls) -> "Vector2D": return V2up_left.copy
+    @classmethod
+    def new_down_left(cls) -> "Vector2D": return V2down_left.copy
+    @classmethod
+    def new_up_right_norm(cls) -> "Vector2D": return V2up_right_norm.copy
+    @classmethod
+    def new_down_right_norm(cls) -> "Vector2D": return V2down_right_norm.copy
+    @classmethod
+    def new_up_left_norm(cls) -> "Vector2D": return V2up_left_norm.copy
+    @classmethod
+    def new_down_left_norm(cls) -> "Vector2D": return V2down_left_norm.copy
 
 from .cvb import *
 
 V2 = Vector2D
 
-V2inf = Vector2D(float('inf'), float('inf'))
-V2z = VectorZero = Vector2D()
-V2one = Vector2D(1.0, 1.0)
+V2zero = Vector2D(0, 0)
 
-def rgb(r:float, g:float, b:float) -> tuple[float, float, float]:
-    return (r,g,b)
+V2one = Vector2D(1.0, 1.0)
+V2two = Vector2D(2.0, 2.0)
+V2pi = Vector2D(PI, PI)
+V2inf = Vector2D(float("inf"), float("inf"))
 
-def color_lerp(current_c:list|tuple, final_c:list|tuple, step:int|float=.1) -> tuple[float, float, float]:
-    """
-    # Linearly interpolate between two colors.
+V2neg_one = Vector2D(1.0, 1.0)
+V2neg_two = Vector2D(2.0, 2.0)
+V2neg_pi = Vector2D(PI, PI)
+V2neg_inf = Vector2D(float("inf"), float("inf"))
 
-    ## Parameters:
-        current_c (tuple or list): The RGB values of the current color as a tuple or list.
-        final_c (tuple or list): The RGB values of the target color as a tuple or list.
-        step (int or float): The interpolation step, ranging from 0.0 (current color) to 1.0 (target color).
+V2up = Vector2D(0, 1)
+V2right = Vector2D(1, 0)
+V2down = Vector2D(0, -1)
+V2left = Vector2D(-1, 0)
 
-    ## Returns:
-        tuple: The RGB values of the interpolated color as a tuple.
+V2up_right = Vector2D(1, 1)
+V2down_right = Vector2D(1, -1)
+V2up_left = Vector2D(-1, 1)
+V2down_left = Vector2D(-1, -1)
 
-    ## Example:
-        current_c = (255, 0, 0)
+V2up_right_norm = V2up_right.normalize
+V2down_right_norm = V2down_right.normalize
+V2up_left_norm = V2up_left.normalize
+V2down_left_norm = V2down_left.normalize
 
-        final_c = (0, 0, 255)
+VECTORS_4_DIRECTIONS = (V2right, V2down, V2left, V2up)
+VECTORS_4_SEMIDIRECTIONS = (V2down_right, V2down_left, V2up_left, V2up_right)
+VECTORS_4_SEMIDIRECTIONS_NORM = (V2down_right_norm, V2down_left_norm, V2up_left_norm, V2up_right_norm)
+VECTORS_8_DIRECTIONS = (V2right, V2down_right, V2down, V2down_left, V2left, V2up_left, V2up, V2up_right)
+VECTORS_8_DIRECTIONS_NORM = (V2right, V2down_right_norm, V2down, V2down_left_norm, V2left, V2up_left_norm, V2up, V2up_right_norm)
 
-        step = 0.5
 
-        interpolated_color = color_lerp(current_c, final_c, step)
+def rgb(r:float, g:float, b:float) -> tuple[float, float, float]:
+    return (r,g,b)
 
-        print(f"At step {step}: RGB {interpolated_color}")
-        
-    This will calculate the color at an interpolation step of 0.5 between (255, 0, 0) and (0, 0, 255).
-    """
+def color_lerp(current_c:list|tuple, final_c:list|tuple, step=.1) -> tuple[float, float, float]:
     return tuple(c + (final_c[i] - c) * step for i,c in enumerate(current_c)) #type: ignore
 
-def color_fade(starting_c:list|tuple, final_c:list|tuple, index:int|float, max_index:int|float) -> tuple[float, float, float]:
-    """
-    # Calculate the color at a specific index of a color fade between two given colors.
-
-    ## Parameters:
-        starting_c (tuple or list): The RGB values of the starting color as a tuple or list.
-        final_c (tuple or list): The RGB values of the final color as a tuple or list.
-        index (int or float): The current index of the color fade, representing a position
-                              between the starting and final colors.
-        max_index (int or float): The maximum index of the color fade, indicating the endpoint
-                                  position between the starting and final colors.
-
-    ## Returns:
-        tuple: The RGB values of the color at the specified index as a tuple.
-
-    ## Example:
-        starting_c = (255, 0, 0)
-
-        final_c = (0, 0, 255)
-
-        max_index = 100
-
-        for i in range(max_index + 1):
-        
-            color_at_index = color_fade(starting_c, final_c, i, max_index)
-
-            print(f"At index {i}: RGB {color_at_index}")
-            
-        This will print the colors transitioning from (255, 0, 0) to (0, 0, 255).
-    """
+def color_fade(starting_c:list|tuple, final_c:list|tuple, index, max_index) -> tuple[float, float, float]:
     return tuple((starting_c[i] - final_c[i]) / max_index * (max_index - index) + final_c[i] for i in range(3)) #type: ignore
 
 def weighted_color_fade(colors_dict:dict) -> tuple[float, float, float]:
-    """
-    # Calculate the weighted color based on a dictionary of colors and their corresponding weights.
-
-    ## Parameters:
-        colors_dict (dict): A dictionary where keys represent RGB color values as tuples,
-                            and values represent the weights (floats) for each color.
-
-    ## Returns:
-        tuple: The RGB values of the calculated weighted color as a tuple.
-
-    ## Example:
-        colors_dict = {
-        
-            (255, 255, 255): 0.1,
-
-            (0, 0, 0): 0.9,
-
-        }
-
-        weighted_color = weighted_color_fade(colors_dict)
-
-        print(f"Weighted color: RGB {weighted_color}")
-
-        This will print the weighted color based on the provided dictionary.
-    """
     colors = colors_dict.keys()
     weights = colors_dict.values()
 
     if float("inf") in weights: return list(colors)[list(weights).index(float("inf"))]
     return tuple(sum(n[i]*w for n,w in zip(colors, weights)) / sum(weights) for i in range(3)) #type: ignore
 
-def color_distance(starting_c:list|tuple, final_c:list|tuple, sqrd:bool=True) -> float:
-    """
-    # Calculate the distance between two colors in RGB space.
-
-    ## Parameters:
-        starting_c (list or tuple): The RGB values of the starting color.
-        final_c (list or tuple): The RGB values of the final color.
-        sqrd (bool, optional): If True, return the squared distance. If False, return
-                               the actual distance. Default is True.
-
-    ## Returns:
-        float: The squared distance between the two colors if `sqrd` is True, otherwise
-               the actual distance.
-
-    ## Example:
-        starting_c = [255, 0, 0]
-
-        final_c = [0, 255, 0]
-
-        squared_distance = color_distance(starting_c, final_c)
-
-        print(f"Squared Distance: {squared_distance}")
-
-        distance = color_distance(starting_c, final_c, sqrd=False)
-
-        print(f"Actual Distance: {distance}")
-
-        This will calculate the squared and actual distances between the colors.
-
-    ## Explanation:
-        The function first calculates the squared distance between the two colors in RGB
-        space. It does this by computing the sum of the squared differences of the RGB
-        components for each color. The squared distance is obtained by taking the square
-        root of this sum.
-
-        The `sqrd` parameter allows the user to choose between returning the squared
-        distance or the actual distance. If `sqrd` is True, the function returns the
-        squared distance, and if `sqrd` is False, it returns the actual distance.
-    """
+def color_distance(starting_c:list|tuple, final_c:list|tuple, sqrd) -> float:
     distance = sum([(starting_c[i]-final_c[i])**2 for i in range(3)])
     return (distance ** .5) if sqrd else distance
 
-def angular_interpolation(starting_angle:int|float, final_angle:int|float, step:int|float=.1) -> float:
-    """
-    # Perform angular interpolation between two angles using the shortest distance.
-
-    ## Parameters:
-        starting_angle (int or float): The initial angle in radians.
-        final_angle (int or float): The target angle in radians to interpolate towards.
-        step (int or float, optional): The step size for interpolation in radians. Default is 0.1.
-
-    ## Returns:
-        float: The interpolated angle as a result of angular interpolation.
-
-    ## Example:
-        starting_angle = 1.0
-
-        final_angle = 5.0
-
-        interpolated_angle = angular_interpolation(starting_angle, final_angle)
-
-        print(f"Interpolated angle: {interpolated_angle}")
-
-        This will print the interpolated angle using angular interpolation.
-
-    ## Explanation:
-        The function calculates three distances between the `starting_angle` and the
-        `final_angle`. These distances represent possible angular interpolations:
-            1. The direct interpolation from `starting_angle` to `final_angle`.
-            2. The interpolation by taking a full circle (2 * pi) and then proceeding from
-               `starting_angle` to `final_angle`.
-            3. The interpolation by taking a full circle (2 * pi) in the opposite direction
-               and then proceeding from `starting_angle` to `final_angle`.
-
-        The function then chooses the shortest distance from the three options and returns
-        the interpolated angle obtained by multiplying the shortest distance by the `step`
-        value.
+def lerp(starting, ending, step=.1) -> float:
+    return starting + (ending - starting) * step
 
-        The `step` parameter controls the granularity of interpolation. Smaller `step` values
-        provide more fine-grained interpolation but may require more iterations.
-    """
-    distances = (final_angle - starting_angle, final_angle - DOUBLE_PI - starting_angle, final_angle + DOUBLE_PI - starting_angle)
-    return min(distances, key=abs) * step
+def angular_interpolation(starting_angle, final_angle, step=.1) -> float:
+    # my way
+    # delta = final_angle - starting_angle
+    # return starting_angle + min((delta, delta - DOUBLE_PI, delta + DOUBLE_PI), key=abs) * step
+    
+    # math way
+    shortest_angle = ((((final_angle - starting_angle) % PI_DOUBLE) + PI_DOUBLE * 1.5) % PI_DOUBLE) - PI
+    return starting_angle + shortest_angle * step
 
-def bezier_cubic_interpolation(t:float, p0:Vector2D, p1:Vector2D) -> float:
+def bezier_cubic_interpolation(t, p0, p1) -> float:
     return t*p0.y*3*(1 - t)**2 + p1.y*3*(1 - t) * t**2 + t**3
 
-def bezier_quadratic_interpolation(t:float, p0:Vector2D) -> float:
+def bezier_quadratic_interpolation(t, p0) -> float:
     return 2*(1-t)*t*p0.y+t**2
 
-def avg_position(*others:"Vector2D") -> Vector2D:
-    """
-    # Calculate the average position for a variable number of Vector2D others.
-
-    ## Parameters:
-        *others (Vector2D): Variable number of Vector2D others representing positions.
-
-    ## Returns:
-        Vector2D: The average position as a new Vector2D other.
-
-    ## Example:
-        position1 = Vector2D(10, 20)
-
-        position2 = Vector2D(30, 40)
-
-        position3 = Vector2D(50, 60)
-
-        average_pos = avg_position(position1, position2, position3)
-
-        print(average_pos)
-
-        This will print the average position of the three Vector2D others.
-
-    ## Explanation:
-        The function takes a variable number of Vector2D others as input, representing positions.
-        It calculates the sum of all the Vector2D others using the `sum` function and then divides
-        it by the total number of others (length of `others`) to find the average position.
-
-        The result is returned as a new Vector2D other representing the average position.
-    """
+def avg_position(*others) -> Vector2D:
     return sum(others) / len(others) #type: ignore
 
-def inter_points(ray:list["Vector2D"]|tuple["Vector2D", "Vector2D"], lines:list[tuple["Vector2D", "Vector2D"]], return_inter_lines:bool=False, sort:bool=False, return_empty:bool=False) -> list[tuple[Vector2D | None, tuple[Vector2D | V2, Vector2D | V2]]] | list[Vector2D | None] | list[Vector2D]:
-    """
-    # Find intersection points between a ray or line segment and multiple line segments.
-
-    ## Parameters:
-        ray (list[Vector2D] | tuple[Vector2D, Vector2D]): The ray or line segment represented by two endpoints
-            (start and end points).
-        lines (list[tuple[Vector2D, Vector2D]]): A list of line segments represented by tuples of their endpoints.
-        return_inter_lines (bool, optional): If True, return a list of tuples containing the intersection points and the
-            corresponding intersecting line segment. Default is False.
-        sort (bool, optional): If True, sort the intersection points by their distance from the ray's start point.
-            Default is False.
-        return_empty (bool, optional): If True, include None for line segments with no intersection. Default is False.
-
-    ## Returns:
-        list[tuple[Vector2D | None, tuple[Vector2D | V2, Vector2D | V2]]] | list[Vector2D | None]:
-        - If return_inter_lines is True, returns a list of tuples, each containing:
-            - The intersection point (Vector2D) if it exists, or None otherwise.
-            - The corresponding intersecting line segment (tuple[Vector2D | V2, Vector2D | V2]).
-        - If return_inter_lines is False, returns a list of intersection points (Vector2D) if they exist, or None otherwise.
-
-    # Example:
-        ray = [Vector2D(1, 2), Vector2D(5, 3)]
-        lines = [(Vector2D(2, 2), Vector2D(4, 4)), (Vector2D(3, 3), Vector2D(6, 2))]
-        result = inter_points(ray, lines, return_inter_lines=True, sort=True)
-        print(result)
-
-    ## Explanation:
-        The function finds the intersection points (if any) between the given ray (or line segment) and the provided list
-        of line segments. The intersection points are returned in a list.
-
-        If return_inter_lines is True, the function returns a list of tuples, where each tuple contains the intersection point
-        (Vector2D) and the corresponding intersecting line segment (tuple[Vector2D | V2, Vector2D | V2]). If return_inter_lines
-        is False, the function returns only a list of intersection points (Vector2D) without the corresponding line segments.
-
-        If sort is True, the intersection points are sorted by their distance from the ray's start point. If sort is False,
-        the intersection points are returned in the order they were found.
-
-        If return_empty is True, the function includes None for line segments with no intersection. If return_empty is False,
-        line segments with no intersection are omitted from the result.
-
-        Example usage is shown in the "Example" section above.
-    """
-    def lineLineIntersect(P0:"Vector2D", P1:"Vector2D", Q0:"Vector2D", Q1:"Vector2D") -> "Vector2D | None":
+def inter_points(ray, lines, return_inter_lines=False, sort=False, return_empty=False) -> list[tuple[Vector2D | None, tuple[Vector2D, Vector2D]]] | list[Vector2D | None] | list[Vector2D]:
+    def lineLineIntersect(P0, P1, Q0, Q1) -> "Vector2D | None":
         d = (P1.x-P0.x) * (Q1.y-Q0.y) + (P1.y-P0.y) * (Q0.x-Q1.x)
         if d == 0:
             return None
@@ -1123,138 +561,34 @@ def inter_points(ray:list["Vector2D"]|tuple["Vector2D", "Vector2D"], lines:list[
         collisions = [ip for line in lines if ((ip:=lineLineIntersect(line[1], line[0], ray[1], ray[0]))!=None or return_empty)]
         return sorted(collisions, key=lambda x: ray[0].distance_to(x, False) if x != None else _mt.inf) if sort else collisions
 
-def get_points(position:Vector2D, size:Vector2D, rotation:int|float=0, pos_in_middle:bool=True, return_list:bool=False, clockwise_return:bool=False) -> tuple["Vector2D", "Vector2D", "Vector2D", "Vector2D"] | tuple[list[int|float]|tuple[int|float], list[int|float]|tuple[int|float], list[int|float]|tuple[int|float], list[int|float]|tuple[int|float]]:
-    """
-    # Generate points for a rectangle based on the given parameters.
-
-    ## Parameters:
-        position (Vector2D): The center position of the rectangle.
-        size (Vector2D): The size of the rectangle (width and height).
-        rotation (int|float, optional): The rotation angle in degrees. Default is 0.
-        pos_in_middle (bool, optional): If True, the points represent corners of the rectangle.
-                                        If False, the points represent the rectangle's edges.
-                                        Default is True.
-        return_list (bool, optional): If True, return the points as lists instead of Vector2D others.
-                                      Default is False.
-        clockwise_return (bool, optional): If True, return the points in clockwise order (A, B, D, C).
-                                           If False, return the points in counterclockwise order (A, B, C, D).
-                                           Default is False.
-
-    ## Returns:
-        tuple: A tuple containing the four points of the rectangle.
-
-    ## Example:
-        position = Vector2D(100, 100)
-
-        size = Vector2D(50, 30)
-
-        rotation = 45
-
-        points = get_points(position, size, rotation)
-
-        print(points)
-
-        This will print the four points of the rotated rectangle.
-
-    ## Explanation:
-        The function calculates the four points (A, B, C, D) of the rectangle based on the center position,
-        size, rotation, and pos_in_middle parameters. The points represent the rectangle's corners if pos_in_middle
-        is True, and the edges if pos_in_middle is False.
-
-        The points are returned as Vector2D others unless the return_list parameter is set to True. In that case,
-        the points will be returned as lists.
-
-        The clockwise_return parameter determines the order of the points. If True, the points will be returned in
-        clockwise order (A, B, D, C), otherwise, they will be returned in counterclockwise order (A, B, C, D).
-    """
+def get_points(position, size, rotation=0, pos_in_middle=True, return_list=False, clockwise_return=False) -> tuple["Vector2D", "Vector2D", "Vector2D", "Vector2D"] | tuple[list[int|float]|tuple[int|float], list[int|float]|tuple[int|float], list[int|float]|tuple[int|float], list[int|float]|tuple[int|float]]:
     if pos_in_middle:
-        d,a = size.length()/2, size.angle()
-        d1, d2 = V2z.point_from_rads(rotation+a, d), V2z.point_from_rads(rotation-a, d)
+        d,a = size.length/2, size.angle
+        d1, d2 = Vector2D.zero().point_from_angle_and_radius(rotation+a, d), Vector2D.zero().point_from_angle_and_radius(rotation-a, d)
         A, B, C, D = position+d1, position+d2, position-d2, position-d1
     else:
-        A, B, C, D = position.copy(),\
-                     position.point_from_rads(rotation + V2z.angle_to(Vector2D(size.x, 0)), V2z.distance_to(Vector2D(size.x, 0))),\
-                     position.point_from_rads(rotation + V2z.angle_to(Vector2D(0, size.y)), V2z.distance_to(Vector2D(0, size.y))),\
-                     position.point_from_rads(rotation + V2z.angle_to(size),                V2z.distance_to(size))
+        A, B, C, D = position.copy,\
+                     position.point_from_angle_and_radius(rotation + Vector2D.zero().angle_to(Vector2D(size.x, 0)), Vector2D.zero().distance_to(Vector2D(size.x, 0))),\
+                     position.point_from_angle_and_radius(rotation + Vector2D.zero().angle_to(Vector2D(0, size.y)), Vector2D.zero().distance_to(Vector2D(0, size.y))),\
+                     position.point_from_angle_and_radius(rotation + Vector2D.zero().angle_to(size),                Vector2D.zero().distance_to(size))
     points = (A, B, C, D) if not clockwise_return else (A, B, D, C)
     return points if not return_list else tuple(x() for x in points)
 
-def get_lines(position:Vector2D, size:Vector2D, rotation:int|float=0, pos_in_middle:bool=True) -> list[list]:
-    """
-    # Generate lines representing the sides of a rectangle based on the given parameters.
-
-    ## Parameters:
-        position (Vector2D): The center position of the rectangle.
-        size (Vector2D): The size of the rectangle (width and height).
-        rotation (int|float, optional): The rotation angle in degrees. Default is 0.
-        pos_in_middle (bool, optional): If True, the points represent corners of the rectangle.
-                                        If False, the points represent the rectangle's edges.
-                                        Default is True.
-
-    ## Returns:
-        list[list[Vector2D]]: A list of lists, where each sublist contains two Vector2D others
-                              representing the start and end points of a line segment.
-
-    ## Example:
-        position = Vector2D(100, 100)
-
-        size = Vector2D(50, 30)
-
-        rotation = 45
-
-        lines = get_lines(position, size, rotation)
-
-        print(lines)
-
-        This will print the four line segments representing the sides of the rotated rectangle.
-
-    ## Explanation:
-        The function calculates the four points (A, B, C, D) of the rectangle using the `get_points` function
-        based on the center position, size, rotation, and pos_in_middle parameters.
-
-        The function then returns a list of lists, where each sublist contains two Vector2D others representing
-        the start and end points of a line segment forming the sides of the rectangle.
-    """
+def get_lines(position, size, rotation=0, pos_in_middle=True) -> list[list]:
     A, B, C, D = get_points(position, size, rotation, pos_in_middle)
     return [[A, B], [A, C], [C, D], [D, B]]
 
-def distance_line_point(line_point_a:Vector2D, line_point_b:Vector2D, point_c:Vector2D)  -> float:
-    """
-    # Calculate the distance between a line segment and a point.
-
-    ## Parameters:
-        line_point_a (Vector2D): The starting point of the line segment.
-        line_point_b (Vector2D): The ending point of the line segment.
-        point_c (Vector2D): The point to which the distance is calculated.
-
-    ## Returns:
-        float: The distance between the line segment and the point.
-
-    ## Example:
-        line_point_a = Vector2D(0, 0)
-        
-        line_point_b = Vector2D(10, 0)
-
-        point_c = Vector2D(5, 5)
-
-        distance = distance_line_point(line_point_a, line_point_b, point_c)
-
-        print(distance)
-
-        This will print the distance between the line segment and the point.
-
-    ## Explanation:
-        The function calculates the distance between a line segment defined by two points (line_point_a and line_point_b)
-        and a third point (point_c).
-
-        It does this by first computing the cross product of vectors (line_point_b - line_point_a) and (line_point_a - point_c).
-        The magnitude of the resulting vector is divided by the magnitude of (line_point_b - line_point_a) to obtain the distance.
+def distance_line_point(line_point_a, line_point_b, point_c)  -> float:
+    # numpy way
+    # return float(_np.linalg.norm(_np.cross((line_point_b-line_point_a)(), (line_point_a-point_c)()))/_np.linalg.norm((line_point_b-line_point_a)())) #type: ignore
 
-        The result is returned as a float representing the distance between the line segment and the point.
-    """
-    return float(_np.linalg.norm(_np.cross((line_point_b-line_point_a)(), (line_point_a-point_c)()))/_np.linalg.norm((line_point_b-line_point_a)())) #type: ignore
+    # math way
+    return abs((line_point_b.y - line_point_a.y) * point_c.x -\
+               (line_point_b.x - line_point_a.x) * point_c.y +\
+                line_point_b.x * line_point_a.y - line_point_b.y * line_point_a.x) /\
+          ((line_point_b.y-line_point_a.y)**2 + (line_point_b.x-line_point_a.x)**2)**.5
 
-def optimize_value_string(value:int|float, precision:int) -> str:
+def optimize_value_string(value, precision) -> str:
     abs_value = abs(value)
     if abs_value < 1/10**precision and abs_value != 0:
         return f"{value:.{precision}e}"