django-bolt 0.1.0__cp310-abi3-manylinux_2_17_x86_64.manylinux2014_x86_64.whl

django_bolt/typing.py

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+"""
+Type introspection and field definition system for parameter binding.
+
+Inspired by Litestar's architecture but built from scratch for Django-Bolt's
+msgspec-first, async-only design with focus on performance.
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import inspect
+import msgspec
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from typing import Any, get_origin, get_args, Union, Optional, List, Dict, Annotated
+
+__all__ = [
+    "FieldDefinition",
+    "is_msgspec_struct",
+    "is_simple_type",
+    "is_sequence_type",
+    "is_optional",
+    "unwrap_optional",
+    "infer_param_source",
+]
+
+
+# Simple scalar types that map to query parameters
+SIMPLE_TYPES = (str, int, float, bool, bytes)
+
+
+def is_msgspec_struct(annotation: Any) -> bool:
+    """Check if type is a msgspec.Struct."""
+    try:
+        return isinstance(annotation, type) and issubclass(annotation, msgspec.Struct)
+    except (TypeError, AttributeError):
+        return False
+
+
+def is_simple_type(annotation: Any) -> bool:
+    """Check if annotation is a simple scalar type (str, int, float, bool, bytes)."""
+    origin = get_origin(annotation)
+    if origin is not None:
+        # Unwrap Optional, List, etc.
+        return False
+    return annotation in SIMPLE_TYPES or annotation is Any
+
+
+def is_sequence_type(annotation: Any) -> bool:
+    """Check if annotation is a sequence type like List[T]."""
+    origin = get_origin(annotation)
+    return origin in (list, List, tuple, set, frozenset)
+
+
+def is_optional(annotation: Any) -> bool:
+    """Check if annotation is Optional[T] or T | None."""
+    origin = get_origin(annotation)
+    if origin is Union:
+        args = get_args(annotation)
+        return type(None) in args
+    return False
+
+
+def unwrap_optional(annotation: Any) -> Any:
+    """Unwrap Optional[T] to get T."""
+    origin = get_origin(annotation)
+    if origin is Union:
+        args = tuple(a for a in get_args(annotation) if a is not type(None))
+        return args[0] if len(args) == 1 else Union[args]  # type: ignore
+    return annotation
+
+
+def is_dataclass_type(annotation: Any) -> bool:
+    """Check if annotation is a dataclass."""
+    try:
+        from dataclasses import is_dataclass
+        return is_dataclass(annotation)
+    except (TypeError, AttributeError):
+        return False
+
+
+def infer_param_source(
+    name: str,
+    annotation: Any,
+    path_params: set[str],
+    http_method: str
+) -> str:
+    """
+    Infer parameter source based on type and context.
+
+    Inference rules (in priority order):
+    1. If name matches path parameter -> "path"
+    2. If special name (request, req) -> "request"
+    3. If simple type (str, int, float, bool) -> "query"
+    4. If msgspec.Struct or dataclass -> "body" (if method allows body)
+    5. Default -> "query"
+
+    Args:
+        name: Parameter name
+        annotation: Type annotation
+        path_params: Set of path parameter names from route pattern
+        http_method: HTTP method (GET, POST, etc.)
+
+    Returns:
+        Source string: "path", "query", "body", "request", etc.
+    """
+    # 1. Path parameters
+    if name in path_params:
+        return "path"
+
+    # 2. Special request parameter
+    if name in {"request", "req"}:
+        return "request"
+
+    # Unwrap Optional if present
+    unwrapped = unwrap_optional(annotation)
+
+    # 3. Simple types -> query params
+    if is_simple_type(unwrapped):
+        return "query"
+
+    # 4. Sequence of simple types -> query (for list params)
+    if is_sequence_type(unwrapped):
+        args = get_args(unwrapped)
+        if args and is_simple_type(args[0]):
+            return "query"
+
+    # 5. Complex types (msgspec.Struct, dataclass) -> body (if allowed)
+    if is_msgspec_struct(unwrapped) or is_dataclass_type(unwrapped):
+        if http_method in {"POST", "PUT", "PATCH"}:
+            return "body"
+        # For GET/DELETE/HEAD, this will trigger validation error later
+        return "body"
+
+    # 6. Default to query
+    return "query"
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class FieldDefinition:
+    """
+    Represents a parsed function parameter with type metadata.
+
+    This is the core data structure for parameter binding, containing
+    all information needed to extract and validate a parameter value
+    from an HTTP request.
+    """
+
+    name: str
+    """Parameter name"""
+
+    annotation: Any
+    """Raw type annotation"""
+
+    default: Any
+    """Default value (inspect.Parameter.empty if required)"""
+
+    source: str
+    """Parameter source: 'path', 'query', 'body', 'header', 'cookie', 'form', 'file', 'request', 'dependency'"""
+
+    alias: Optional[str] = None
+    """Alternative name for the parameter (e.g., 'user-id' for 'user_id')"""
+
+    embed: Optional[bool] = None
+    """For body params: whether to embed in a wrapper object"""
+
+    dependency: Any = None
+    """Depends marker for dependency injection"""
+
+    kind: inspect._ParameterKind = inspect.Parameter.POSITIONAL_OR_KEYWORD
+    """Parameter kind (positional, keyword-only, etc.)"""
+
+    # Cached type properties for performance
+    _is_optional: Optional[bool] = None
+    _is_simple: Optional[bool] = None
+    _is_struct: Optional[bool] = None
+    _unwrapped: Optional[Any] = None
+
+    @property
+    def is_optional(self) -> bool:
+        """Check if parameter is optional (has default or Optional type)."""
+        if self._is_optional is None:
+            object.__setattr__(
+                self,
+                "_is_optional",
+                self.default is not inspect.Parameter.empty or is_optional(self.annotation)
+            )
+        return self._is_optional  # type: ignore
+
+    @property
+    def is_required(self) -> bool:
+        """Check if parameter is required."""
+        return not self.is_optional
+
+    @property
+    def is_simple_type(self) -> bool:
+        """Check if parameter type is simple (str, int, etc.)."""
+        if self._is_simple is None:
+            unwrapped = self.unwrapped_annotation
+            object.__setattr__(self, "_is_simple", is_simple_type(unwrapped))
+        return self._is_simple  # type: ignore
+
+    @property
+    def is_msgspec_struct(self) -> bool:
+        """Check if parameter type is a msgspec.Struct."""
+        if self._is_struct is None:
+            unwrapped = self.unwrapped_annotation
+            object.__setattr__(self, "_is_struct", is_msgspec_struct(unwrapped))
+        return self._is_struct  # type: ignore
+
+    @property
+    def unwrapped_annotation(self) -> Any:
+        """Get annotation with Optional unwrapped."""
+        if self._unwrapped is None:
+            object.__setattr__(self, "_unwrapped", unwrap_optional(self.annotation))
+        return self._unwrapped
+
+    @property
+    def field_alias(self) -> str:
+        """Get the alias or name."""
+        return self.alias or self.name
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_parameter(
+        cls,
+        parameter: inspect.Parameter,
+        annotation: Any,
+        path_params: set[str],
+        http_method: str,
+        explicit_marker: Any = None
+    ) -> "FieldDefinition":
+        """
+        Create FieldDefinition from inspect.Parameter.
+
+        Args:
+            parameter: The inspect.Parameter object
+            annotation: Type annotation from type hints
+            path_params: Set of path parameter names
+            http_method: HTTP method for inference
+            explicit_marker: Explicit Param or Depends marker if present
+
+        Returns:
+            FieldDefinition instance
+        """
+        from .params import Param, Depends as DependsMarker
+
+        name = parameter.name
+        default = parameter.default
+
+        # Handle explicit markers
+        source: str
+        alias: Optional[str] = None
+        embed: Optional[bool] = None
+        dependency: Any = None
+
+        if isinstance(explicit_marker, Param):
+            source = explicit_marker.source
+            alias = explicit_marker.alias
+            embed = explicit_marker.embed
+        elif isinstance(explicit_marker, DependsMarker):
+            source = "dependency"
+            dependency = explicit_marker
+        else:
+            # Infer source from type and context
+            source = infer_param_source(name, annotation, path_params, http_method)
+
+        return cls(
+            name=name,
+            annotation=annotation,
+            default=default,
+            source=source,
+            alias=alias,
+            embed=embed,
+            dependency=dependency,
+            kind=parameter.kind,
+        )