disdrodb 0.0.20__py3-none-any.whl → 0.1.0__py3-none-any.whl

disdrodb/l2/processing.py

@@ -0,0 +1,519 @@
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------.
+# Copyright (c) 2021-2023 DISDRODB developers
+#
+# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------.
+"""Implement DISDRODB L2 processing."""
+
+import numpy as np
+import xarray as xr
+
+from disdrodb.l1.encoding_attrs import get_attrs_dict, get_encoding_dict
+from disdrodb.l1.fall_velocity import get_raindrop_fall_velocity
+from disdrodb.l1_env.routines import load_env_dataset
+from disdrodb.l2.empirical_dsd import (
+    compute_integral_parameters,
+    compute_spectrum_parameters,
+    count_bins_with_drops,
+    get_drop_average_velocity,
+    get_drop_number_concentration,
+    get_effective_sampling_area,
+    get_kinetic_energy_variables_from_drop_number,
+    get_rain_accumulation,
+    get_rain_rate_from_drop_number,
+)
+from disdrodb.psd import create_psd, estimate_model_parameters
+from disdrodb.psd.fitting import compute_gof_stats
+from disdrodb.utils.attrs import set_attrs
+from disdrodb.utils.decorators import check_pytmatrix_availability
+from disdrodb.utils.encoding import set_encodings
+from disdrodb.utils.time import ensure_sample_interval_in_seconds
+
+
+def define_diameter_array(diameter_min=0, diameter_max=10, diameter_spacing=0.05):
+    """
+    Define an array of diameters and their corresponding bin properties.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    diameter_min : float, optional
+        The minimum diameter value. The default value is 0 mm.
+    diameter_max : float, optional
+        The maximum diameter value. The default value is 10 mm.
+    diameter_spacing : float, optional
+        The spacing between diameter values. The default value is 0.05 mm.
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    xr.DataArray
+        A DataArray containing the center of each diameter bin, with coordinates for
+        the bin width, lower bound, upper bound, and center.
+
+    """
+    diameters_bounds = np.arange(diameter_min, diameter_max + diameter_spacing / 2, step=diameter_spacing)
+    diameters_bin_lower = diameters_bounds[:-1]
+    diameters_bin_upper = diameters_bounds[1:]
+    diameters_bin_width = diameters_bin_upper - diameters_bin_lower
+    diameters_bin_center = diameters_bin_lower + diameters_bin_width / 2
+    da = xr.DataArray(
+        diameters_bin_center,
+        dims="diameter_bin_center",
+        coords={
+            "diameter_bin_width": ("diameter_bin_center", diameters_bin_width),
+            "diameter_bin_lower": ("diameter_bin_center", diameters_bin_lower),
+            "diameter_bin_upper": ("diameter_bin_center", diameters_bin_upper),
+            "diameter_bin_center": ("diameter_bin_center", diameters_bin_center),
+        },
+    )
+    return da
+
+
+def define_velocity_array(ds):
+    """
+    Create the fall velocity DataArray using various methods.
+
+    If 'velocity_bin_center' is a dimension in the dataset, returns a Dataset
+    with 'measured_velocity', 'average_velocity', and 'fall_velocity' as variables.
+    Otherwise, returns the 'fall_velocity' DataArray from the input dataset.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    ds : xarray.Dataset
+        The input dataset containing velocity variables.
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    velocity: xarray.DataArray
+    """
+    drop_number = ds["drop_number"]
+    if "velocity_bin_center" in ds.dims:
+        velocity = xr.Dataset(
+            {
+                "fall_velocity": xr.ones_like(drop_number) * ds["fall_velocity"],
+                "measured_velocity": xr.ones_like(drop_number) * ds["velocity_bin_center"],
+            },
+        ).to_array(dim="velocity_method")
+    else:
+        velocity = ds["fall_velocity"]
+    return velocity
+
+
+####--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#### L2 Empirical Parameters
+
+
+def generate_l2_empirical(ds, ds_env=None, compute_spectra=False):
+    """Generate the DISDRODB L2E dataset from the DISDRODB L1 dataset.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    ds : xarray.Dataset
+        DISDRODB L1 dataset.
+    ds_env : xarray.Dataset, optional
+    Environmental dataset used for fall velocity and water density estimates.
+    If None, a default environment dataset will be loaded.
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    xarray.Dataset
+        DISRODB L2E dataset.
+    """
+    # Initialize L2E dataset
+    ds_l2 = xr.Dataset()
+
+    # Retrieve attributes
+    attrs = ds.attrs.copy()
+
+    # -------------------------------------------------------
+    #### Preprocessing
+    # Discard all timesteps without measured drops
+    # - This allow to speed up processing
+    # - Regularization can be done at the end
+    ds = ds.isel(time=ds["n_drops_selected"] > 0)
+
+    # Count number of diameter bins with data
+    if "n_bins_with_drops" not in ds:
+        ds["n_bins_with_drops"] = count_bins_with_drops(ds)
+
+    # Retrieve ENV dataset or take defaults
+    # --> Used for fall velocity and water density estimates
+    if ds_env is None:
+        ds_env = load_env_dataset(ds)
+
+    # TODO: Derive water density as function of ENV (temperature, ...)
+    # -->  (T == 10){density_water <- 999.7}else if(T == 20){density_water <- 998.2}else{density_water <- 995.7}
+    water_density = 1000  # kg / m3
+
+    # Determine if the velocity dimension is available
+    has_velocity_dimension = "velocity_bin_center" in ds.dims
+
+    # -------------------------------------------------------
+    # Extract variables from L1
+    sensor_name = ds.attrs["sensor_name"]
+    diameter = ds["diameter_bin_center"] / 1000  # m
+    diameter_bin_width = ds["diameter_bin_width"]  # mm
+    drop_number = ds["drop_number"]
+    sample_interval = ensure_sample_interval_in_seconds(ds["sample_interval"])  # s
+
+    # Compute sampling area [m2]
+    sampling_area = get_effective_sampling_area(sensor_name=sensor_name, diameter=diameter)  # m2
+
+    # Copy relevant L1 variables to L2 product
+    variables = [
+        "drop_number",  # 2D V x D
+        "drop_counts",  # 1D D
+        "sample_interval",
+        "n_drops_selected",
+        "n_drops_discarded",
+        "Dmin",
+        "Dmax",
+        "fall_velocity",
+    ]
+
+    variables = [var for var in variables if var in ds]
+    ds_l2.update(ds[variables])
+
+    # -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # Compute and add drop average velocity if an optical disdrometer (i.e OTT Parsivel or ThiesLPM)
+    # - We recompute it because if the input dataset is aggregated, it must be updated !
+    if has_velocity_dimension:
+        ds["drop_average_velocity"] = get_drop_average_velocity(ds["drop_number"])
+
+    # -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # Define velocity array with dimension 'velocity_method'
+    velocity = define_velocity_array(ds)
+
+    # Compute drop number concentration (Nt) [#/m3/mm]
+    drop_number_concentration = get_drop_number_concentration(
+        drop_number=drop_number,
+        velocity=velocity,
+        diameter_bin_width=diameter_bin_width,
+        sample_interval=sample_interval,
+        sampling_area=sampling_area,
+    )
+    ds_l2["drop_number_concentration"] = drop_number_concentration
+
+    # -------------------------------------------------------
+    #### Compute L2 spectra
+    if compute_spectra:
+        ds_spectrum = compute_spectrum_parameters(
+            drop_number_concentration,
+            velocity=ds["fall_velocity"],
+            diameter=diameter,
+            sample_interval=sample_interval,
+            water_density=water_density,
+        )
+        ds_l2.update(ds_spectrum)
+
+    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    #### Compute L2 integral parameters from drop_number_concentration
+    ds_parameters = compute_integral_parameters(
+        drop_number_concentration=drop_number_concentration,
+        velocity=ds["fall_velocity"],
+        diameter=diameter,
+        diameter_bin_width=diameter_bin_width,
+        sample_interval=sample_interval,
+        water_density=water_density,
+    )
+
+    # -------------------------------------------------------
+    #### Compute R and P from drop number (without velocity assumptions)
+    # - Rain rate and accumulation computed with this method are not influenced by the fall velocity of drops !
+    ds_l2["Rm"] = get_rain_rate_from_drop_number(
+        drop_number=drop_number,
+        sampling_area=sampling_area,
+        diameter=diameter,
+        sample_interval=sample_interval,
+    )
+    # Compute rain accumulation (P) [mm]
+    ds_l2["Pm"] = get_rain_accumulation(rain_rate=ds_l2["Rm"], sample_interval=sample_interval)
+
+    # -------------------------------------------------------
+    #### Compute KE integral parameters directly from drop_number
+    # - The kinetic energy variables can be computed using the actual measured fall velocity by the sensor.
+    if has_velocity_dimension:
+        ds_ke = get_kinetic_energy_variables_from_drop_number(
+            drop_number=drop_number,
+            diameter=diameter,
+            velocity=velocity,
+            sampling_area=sampling_area,
+            sample_interval=sample_interval,
+            water_density=water_density,
+        )
+        # Combine integral parameters
+        ke_vars = list(ds_ke.data_vars)
+        ds_ke = ds_ke.expand_dims(dim={"source": ["drop_number"]}, axis=-1)
+        ds_ke_dsd = ds_parameters[ke_vars].expand_dims(dim={"source": ["drop_number_concentration"]}, axis=-1)
+        ds_ke = xr.concat((ds_ke_dsd, ds_ke), dim="source")
+        ds_parameters = ds_parameters.drop_vars(ke_vars)
+        for var in ke_vars:
+            ds_parameters[var] = ds_ke[var]
+
+    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    #### Finalize L2 Dataset
+    # Add DSD integral parameters
+    ds_l2.update(ds_parameters)
+
+    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------.
+    #### Add encodings and attributes
+    # Add variables attributes
+    attrs_dict = get_attrs_dict()
+    ds_l2 = set_attrs(ds_l2, attrs_dict=attrs_dict)
+
+    # Add variables encoding
+    encoding_dict = get_encoding_dict()
+    ds_l2 = set_encodings(ds_l2, encoding_dict=encoding_dict)
+
+    # Add global attributes
+    ds_l2.attrs = attrs
+
+    return ds_l2
+
+
+####--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#### L2 Model Parameters
+
+
+def generate_l2_model(
+    ds,
+    ds_env=None,
+    fall_velocity_method="Beard1976",
+    # PSD discretization
+    diameter_min=0,
+    diameter_max=8,
+    diameter_spacing=0.05,
+    # Fitting options
+    psd_model=None,
+    optimization=None,
+    optimization_kwargs=None,
+    # Filtering options
+    min_bins_with_drops=4,
+    remove_timesteps_with_few_bins=False,
+    mask_timesteps_with_few_bins=False,
+    # GOF metrics options
+    gof_metrics=True,
+):
+    """
+    Generate the DISDRODB L2M dataset from a DISDRODB L2E dataset.
+
+    This function estimates PSD model parameters and successively computes DSD integral parameters.
+    Optionally, radar variables at various bands are simulated using T-matrix simulations.
+    Goodness-of-fit metrics of the PSD can also be optionally included into the output dataset.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    ds : xarray.Dataset
+        DISDRODB L2E dataset.
+    ds_env : xarray.Dataset, optional
+        Environmental dataset used for fall velocity and water density estimates.
+        If None, a default environment dataset will be loaded.
+    diameter_min : float, optional
+        Minimum PSD diameter. The default value is 0 mm.
+    diameter_max : float, optional
+        Maximum PSD diameter. The default value is 8 mm.
+    diameter_spacing : float, optional
+        PSD diameter spacing. The default value is 0.05 mm.
+    psd_model : str
+        The PSD model to fit. See ``available_psd_models()``.
+    optimization : str, optional
+        The fitting optimization procedure. Either "GS" (Grid Search), "ML (Maximum Likelihood)
+        or "MOM" (Method of Moments).
+    optimization_kwargs : dict, optional
+        Dictionary with arguments to customize the fitting procedure.
+    gof_metrics : bool, optional
+        Whether to add goodness-of-fit metrics to the output dataset. The default is True.
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    xarray.Dataset
+        DISDRODB L2M dataset.
+    """
+    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------.
+    #### NOTES
+    # - Final processing: Optionally filter dataset only when PSD has fitted ?
+    # --> but good to have everything to compare across models
+
+    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------.
+    # Retrieve attributes
+    attrs = ds.attrs.copy()
+
+    # -------------------------------------------------------
+    # Derive water density as function of ENV (temperature, ...)
+    # TODO --> Add into ds_env !
+    # -->  (T == 10){density_water <- 999.7}else if(T == 20){density_water <- 998.2}else{density_water <- 995.7}
+    water_density = 1000  # kg / m3
+
+    ####------------------------------------------------------.
+    #### Preprocessing
+    # Count number of diameter bins with data
+    if "n_bins_with_drops" not in ds:
+        ds["n_bins_with_drops"] = count_bins_with_drops(ds)
+
+    # Identify timesteps with enough diameter bins with counted trops
+    valid_timesteps = ds["n_bins_with_drops"] >= min_bins_with_drops
+
+    # Drop such timesteps if asked
+    if remove_timesteps_with_few_bins:
+        mask_timesteps_with_few_bins = False
+        ds = ds.isel(time=valid_timesteps, drop=False)
+
+    # Retrieve ENV dataset or take defaults
+    # --> Used for fall velocity and water density estimates
+    if ds_env is None:
+        ds_env = load_env_dataset(ds)
+
+    ####------------------------------------------------------.
+    #### Define default PSD optimization arguments
+    if psd_model is None and optimization is None:
+        psd_model = "NormalizedGammaPSD"
+        optimization = "GS"
+        optimization_kwargs = {
+            "target": "ND",
+            "transformation": "identity",
+            "error_order": 1,  # MAE
+        }
+
+    ####------------------------------------------------------.
+    #### Retrieve PSD parameters
+    ds_psd_params = estimate_model_parameters(
+        ds=ds,
+        psd_model=psd_model,
+        optimization=optimization,
+        optimization_kwargs=optimization_kwargs,
+    )
+
+    ####------------------------------------------------------.
+    #### Mask timesteps with few bins if asked
+    if mask_timesteps_with_few_bins:
+        ds_psd_params = ds_psd_params.where(valid_timesteps)
+
+    ####-------------------------------------------------------
+    #### Create PSD
+    psd_name = ds_psd_params.attrs["disdrodb_psd_model"]
+    psd = create_psd(psd_name, parameters=ds_psd_params)
+
+    ####-------------------------------------------------------
+    #### Compute integral parameters
+    # Define diameter array
+    diameter = define_diameter_array(
+        diameter_min=diameter_min,
+        diameter_max=diameter_max,
+        diameter_spacing=diameter_spacing,
+    )
+    diameter_bin_width = diameter["diameter_bin_width"]
+
+    # Retrieve time of integration
+    # - If dataset is opened with decode_timedelta=False, sample_interval is already in seconds !
+    sample_interval = ensure_sample_interval_in_seconds(ds["sample_interval"])
+
+    # Retrieve drop number concentration
+    drop_number_concentration = psd(diameter)
+
+    # Retrieve fall velocity for each new diameter bin
+    velocity = get_raindrop_fall_velocity(diameter=diameter, method=fall_velocity_method, ds_env=ds_env)  # mm
+
+    # Compute integral parameters
+    ds_params = compute_integral_parameters(
+        drop_number_concentration=drop_number_concentration,
+        velocity=velocity,
+        diameter=diameter / 1000,  # in meters !
+        diameter_bin_width=diameter_bin_width,
+        sample_interval=sample_interval,
+        water_density=water_density,
+    )
+
+    #### ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    #### Create L2 Dataset
+    # Update with PSD parameters
+    ds_params.update(ds_psd_params)
+
+    # Add GOF statistics if asked
+    if gof_metrics:
+        ds_gof = compute_gof_stats(drop_number_concentration=ds["drop_number_concentration"], psd=psd)
+        ds_params.update(ds_gof)
+
+    #### ----------------------------------------------------------------------------.
+    #### Add encodings and attributes
+    # Add variables attributes
+    attrs_dict = get_attrs_dict()
+    ds_params = set_attrs(ds_params, attrs_dict=attrs_dict)
+
+    # Add variables encoding
+    encoding_dict = get_encoding_dict()
+    ds_params = set_encodings(ds_params, encoding_dict=encoding_dict)
+
+    # Add global attributes
+    ds_params.attrs = attrs
+    ds_params.attrs["disdrodb_psd_model"] = psd_name
+
+    # Return dataset
+    return ds_params
+
+
+####-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------.
+#### L2 Radar Parameters
+
+
+@check_pytmatrix_availability
+def generate_l2_radar(ds, radar_band=None, canting_angle_std=7, diameter_max=8, axis_ratio="Thurai2007", parallel=True):
+    """Simulate polarimetric radar variables from empirical drop number concentration or the estimated PSD.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    ds : xarray.Dataset
+        Dataset containing the drop number concentration variable or the PSD parameters.
+    radar_band : str or list of str, optional
+        Radar band(s) to be used.
+        If ``None`` (the default), all available radar bands are used.
+    canting_angle_std : float or list of float, optional
+        Standard deviation of the canting angle.  The default value is 7.
+    diameter_max : float or list of float, optional
+        Maximum diameter. The default value is 8 mm.
+    axis_ratio : str or list of str, optional
+        Method to compute the axis ratio. The default method is ``Thurai2007``.
+    parallel : bool, optional
+        Whether to compute radar variables in parallel.
+        The default value is ``True``.
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    xarray.Dataset
+        Dataset containing the computed radar parameters.
+    """
+    # Import here to avoid pytmatrix has mandatory dependency
+    # - It is only needed for radar simulation
+    from disdrodb.scattering import get_radar_parameters
+
+    # Retrieve radar variables from L2E drop number concentration or from estimated L2M PSD model
+    ds_radar = get_radar_parameters(
+        ds=ds,
+        radar_band=radar_band,
+        canting_angle_std=canting_angle_std,
+        diameter_max=diameter_max,
+        axis_ratio=axis_ratio,
+        parallel=parallel,
+    )
+
+    #### ----------------------------------------------------------------------------.
+    #### Add encodings and attributes
+    # Add variables attributes
+    attrs_dict = get_attrs_dict()
+    ds_radar = set_attrs(ds_radar, attrs_dict=attrs_dict)
+
+    # Add variables encoding
+    encoding_dict = get_encoding_dict()
+    ds_radar = set_encodings(ds_radar, encoding_dict=encoding_dict)
+
+    # Return dataset
+    return ds_radar