dara-core 1.20.3__py3-none-any.whl → 1.21.1__py3-none-any.whl

dara/core/router/router.py

@@ -0,0 +1,887 @@
+import inspect
+import re
+from abc import abstractmethod
+from typing import Any, Callable, Dict, List, Literal, Optional, TypedDict, Union
+from urllib.parse import quote
+from uuid import uuid4
+
+from pydantic import (
+    BaseModel,
+    Field,
+    PrivateAttr,
+    SerializeAsAny,
+    SerializerFunctionWrapHandler,
+    field_validator,
+    model_serializer,
+)
+
+from dara.core.base_definitions import Action
+from dara.core.definitions import ComponentInstance
+from dara.core.interactivity import Variable
+from dara.core.persistence import PersistenceStore  # noqa: F401
+
+from .dependency_graph import DependencyGraph
+
+# Matches :param or :param? (captures the name without the colon)
+PARAM_REGEX = re.compile(r':([\w-]+)\??')
+
+# Matches a trailing * (wildcard)
+STAR_REGEX = re.compile(r'\*$')
+
+
+def find_patterns(path: str) -> List[str]:
+    """
+    Extract param names from a React-Router-style path.
+
+    Examples:
+    >>> find_patterns("/:foo/:bar")
+    ['foo', 'bar']
+    >>> find_patterns("/:foo/:bar?")
+    ['foo', 'bar']
+    >>> find_patterns("/foo/*")
+    ['*']
+    >>> find_patterns("/*")
+    ['*']
+    """
+    params = PARAM_REGEX.findall(path)
+
+    if STAR_REGEX.search(path):
+        params.append('*')
+
+    return params
+
+
+def validate_full_path(value: str):
+    if value.startswith('/api'):
+        raise ValueError(f'/api is a reserved prefix, router paths cannot start with it - found "{value}"')
+
+    params = find_patterns(value)
+
+    seen_params = set()
+    for param in params:
+        if param in seen_params:
+            raise ValueError(
+                f'Duplicate path param found - found "{param}" more than once in "{value}". Param names must be unique'
+            )
+        seen_params.add(param)
+
+
+class _PathParamStore(PersistenceStore):
+    """
+    Internal store for path parameters.
+    Should not be used directly, Variables with this store can only be used within
+    a page with matching path params.
+    """
+
+    param_name: str
+
+    async def init(self, variable: 'Variable'):
+        # noop
+        pass
+
+
+class RouteData(BaseModel):
+    """
+    Data structure representing a route in the router
+    """
+
+    content: Optional[ComponentInstance] = None
+    on_load: Optional[Action] = None
+    definition: Optional['BaseRoute'] = None
+    dependency_graph: Optional[DependencyGraph] = Field(default=None, exclude=True)
+
+
+class BaseRoute(BaseModel):
+    """
+    Base class for all route types.
+    """
+
+    case_sensitive: bool = False
+    """
+    Whether the route is case sensitive
+    """
+
+    id: Optional[str] = Field(default=None, pattern=r'^[a-zA-Z0-9-_]+$')
+    """
+    Unique identifier for the route.
+    Must only contain alphanumeric characters, dashes and underscores.
+    """
+
+    name: Optional[str] = None
+    """
+    Name of the route, used for window.title display. If not set, defaults to
+    the route path.
+    """
+
+    metadata: dict = Field(default_factory=dict, exclude=True)
+    """
+    Metadata for the route. This is used to store arbitrary data that can be used by the application.
+    """
+
+    on_load: SerializeAsAny[Optional[Action]] = Field(default=None)
+    """
+    Action to execute when the route is loaded.
+    Guaranteed to be executed before the route content is rendered.
+    """
+
+    uid: str = Field(default_factory=lambda: uuid4().hex, exclude=True)
+    """
+    Internal unique identifier for the route
+    """
+
+    compiled_data: Optional[RouteData] = Field(default=None, exclude=True, repr=False)
+    """
+    Internal compiled data for the route
+    """
+
+    _parent: Optional['BaseRoute'] = PrivateAttr(default=None)
+    """
+    Internal parent pointer for the route
+    """
+
+    @field_validator('id', mode='before')
+    @classmethod
+    def convert_id(cls, value: Any):
+        # will be failed by string validation
+        if not isinstance(value, str):
+            return value
+        # matches legacy page.name handling
+        return value.lower().strip().replace(' ', '-')
+
+    def _attach_to_parent(self, parent):
+        """Internal method to attach route to parent"""
+        self._parent = parent
+        # Recursively attach any existing children
+        children = getattr(self, 'children', None)
+        if children:
+            for child in children:
+                child._attach_to_parent(self)
+
+    @property
+    def parent(self):
+        """
+        Parent route of this route.
+        Note that for routes not yet attached to a router or parent, this will return None.
+        """
+        return self._parent
+
+    def get_identifier(self):
+        """
+        Get the unique identifier for the route.
+        If the route has an id, it will be returned. Otherwise, the route path and internal uid will be used.
+        """
+        if self.id:
+            return self.id
+
+        if path := self.full_path:
+            return path.replace('/', '_') + '_' + self.uid
+
+        raise ValueError('Identifier cannot be determined, route is not attached to a router')
+
+    def get_name(self):
+        """
+        Get the human-readable name of the route.
+        If the route has a name, it will be returned.
+        Otherwise, attempts to derive from content function name or generates from path.
+        """
+        if self.name:
+            return self.name
+
+        if content := getattr(self, 'content', None):
+            # If content is callable, use its name
+            if callable(content):
+                return content.__name__
+            # If content is ComponentInstance, generate name from path
+            elif isinstance(content, ComponentInstance):
+                path = self.full_path
+                if path and path != '/':
+                    # Convert path to readable name (e.g., '/about/team' -> 'About Team')
+                    return ' '.join(
+                        word.capitalize() for word in path.strip('/').replace('-', ' ').replace('_', ' ').split('/')
+                    )
+
+        return self.full_path or self.get_identifier()
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def compile(self):
+        """
+        Compile the route, validating it and generating compiled data
+        """
+        path = self.full_path
+        if path:
+            validate_full_path(path)
+
+    @property
+    def route_data(self) -> RouteData:
+        """
+        Compiled route data for this route.
+        Raises ValueError if the route has not been compiled yet.
+        """
+        if self.compiled_data is None:
+            raise ValueError(f'Route {self.full_path} has not been compiled')
+        return self.compiled_data
+
+    @property
+    def full_path(self) -> Optional[str]:
+        """
+        Compute the full path from root to this route.
+        Returns None if route is not attached to a router.
+        """
+        if not hasattr(self, '_parent') or self._parent is None:
+            return None  # Route is not attached
+
+        path_segments = []
+        current = self
+
+        while current is not None:
+            route_path = getattr(current, 'path', None)
+            if route_path:
+                path_segments.append(route_path)
+            current = getattr(current, '_parent', None)
+
+        path_segments.reverse()
+        full = '/' + '/'.join(path_segments) if path_segments else '/'
+        return full.replace('//', '/')
+
+    @property
+    def is_attached(self) -> bool:
+        """Check if this route is attached to a router"""
+        return hasattr(self, '_parent') and self._parent is not None
+
+    @model_serializer(mode='wrap')
+    def ser_model(self, nxt: SerializerFunctionWrapHandler) -> dict:
+        props = nxt(self)
+        props['__typename'] = self.__class__.__name__
+        props['full_path'] = self.full_path
+        props['id'] = quote(self.get_identifier())
+        props['name'] = self.get_name()
+
+        assert self.compiled_data is not None
+        props['dependency_graph'] = self.compiled_data.dependency_graph
+        return props
+
+
+class HasChildRoutes(BaseModel):
+    """
+    Mixin class for objects that can have child routes.
+    """
+
+    children: SerializeAsAny[List['BaseRoute']] = Field(default_factory=list)
+    """
+    List of child routes.
+    Should not be set directly. Use `set_children` or one of the `add_*` methods instead.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, *children: list[BaseRoute], **kwargs):
+        routes = list(children)
+        if 'children' not in kwargs:
+            kwargs['children'] = routes
+        super().__init__(**kwargs)
+
+    def model_post_init(self, __context):
+        """Automatically attach all children after construction"""
+        for child in self.children:
+            child._attach_to_parent(self)
+
+    def set_children(self, children: list[BaseRoute]):
+        """
+        Set the children of the router.
+
+        :param children: list of child routes
+        """
+        self.children = children
+        for child in self.children:
+            child._attach_to_parent(self)
+
+    def add_page(
+        self,
+        *,
+        path: str,
+        content: Union[Callable[..., ComponentInstance], ComponentInstance],
+        case_sensitive: bool = False,
+        name: Optional[str] = None,
+        id: Optional[str] = None,
+        metadata: Optional[dict] = None,
+        on_load: Optional[Action] = None,
+    ):
+        """
+        Standard route with a unique URL segment and content to render
+
+        :param path: URL segment
+        :param content: component to render
+        :param case_sensitive: whether the route is case sensitive
+        :param name: unique name for the route, used for window.name display. If not set, defaults to the route path.
+        :param id: unique id for the route
+        :param metadata: metadata for the route
+        """
+        if metadata is None:
+            metadata = {}
+
+        route = PageRoute(
+            path=path,
+            content=content,
+            case_sensitive=case_sensitive,
+            name=name,
+            id=id,
+            metadata=metadata,
+            on_load=on_load,
+        )
+        route._attach_to_parent(self)
+        self.children.append(route)
+        return route
+
+    def add_layout(
+        self,
+        *,
+        content: Union[Callable[..., ComponentInstance], ComponentInstance],
+        case_sensitive: bool = False,
+        id: Optional[str] = None,
+        metadata: Optional[dict] = None,
+        on_load: Optional[Action] = None,
+    ):
+        """
+        Layout route creates a route with a layout component to render without adding any segments to the URL
+
+        ```python
+        from dara.core import ConfigurationBuilder
+
+        config = ConfigurationBuilder()
+
+        # no path on this parent route, just the layout
+        marketing_group = config.router.add_layout(content=MarketingLayout)
+        marketing_group.add_index(content=MarketingHome)
+        marketing_group.add_page(path='contact', content=MarketingContact)
+
+        projects_group = config.router.add_prefix(path='projects')
+        projects_group.add_index(content=ProjectsHome)
+        # again, no path, just a component for the layout
+        single_project_group = projects_group.add_layout(content=ProjectLayout)
+        single_project_group.add_page(path=':pid', content=Project)
+        single_project_group.add_page(path=':pid/edit', content=EditProject)
+        ```
+
+        Note that:
+        - MarketingHome and MarketingContact will be rendered into the MarketingLayout outlet
+        - Project and EditProject will be rendered into the ProjectLayout outlet while ProjectsHome will not.
+
+        :param content: layout component to render
+        :param case_sensitive: whether the route is case sensitive
+        :param id: unique id for the route
+        :param metadata: metadata for the route
+        """
+        if metadata is None:
+            metadata = {}
+
+        route = LayoutRoute(
+            content=content,
+            case_sensitive=case_sensitive,
+            id=id,
+            metadata=metadata,
+            on_load=on_load,
+        )
+        route._attach_to_parent(self)
+        self.children.append(route)
+        return route
+
+    def add_prefix(
+        self,
+        *,
+        path: str,
+        case_sensitive: bool = False,
+        id: Optional[str] = None,
+        metadata: Optional[dict] = None,
+        on_load: Optional[Action] = None,
+    ):
+        """
+        Prefix route creates a group of routes with a common prefix without a specific component to render
+
+        ```python
+        from dara.core import ConfigurationBuilder
+
+        config = ConfigurationBuilder()
+
+        # no component, just a prefix
+        projects_group = config.router.add_prefix(path='projects')
+        projects_group.add_index(content=ProjectsHome)
+        projects_group.add_page(path=':pid', content=ProjectHome)
+        projects_group.add_page(path=':pid/edit', content=ProjectEdit)
+        ```
+
+        This creates the routes /projects, /projects/:pid, and /projects/:pid/edit without introducing a layout component.
+
+        :param path: prefix path
+        :param case_sensitive: whether the route is case sensitive
+        :param id: unique id for the route
+        :param metadata: metadata for the route
+        """
+        if metadata is None:
+            metadata = {}
+        route = PrefixRoute(path=path, case_sensitive=case_sensitive, id=id, metadata=metadata, on_load=on_load)
+        route._attach_to_parent(self)
+        self.children.append(route)
+        return route
+
+    def add_index(
+        self,
+        *,
+        content: Union[Callable[..., ComponentInstance], ComponentInstance],
+        case_sensitive: bool = False,
+        name: Optional[str] = None,
+        id: Optional[str] = None,
+        metadata: Optional[dict] = None,
+        on_load: Optional[Action] = None,
+    ):
+        """
+        Index routes render into their parent's Outlet() at their parent URL (like a default child route).
+        Index routes can't have children.
+
+        ```python
+        from dara.core import ConfigurationBuilder
+
+        config = ConfigurationBuilder()
+
+        # renders at '/'
+        config.router.add_index(content=Home)
+
+        dashboard_group = config.router.add_page(path='dashboard', content=Dashboard)
+        # renders at '/dashboard'
+        dashboard_group.add_index(content=DashboardHome)
+        dashboard_group.add_page(path='settings', content=DashboardSettings)
+        ```
+
+        :param case_sensitive: whether the route is case sensitive
+        :param name: unique name for the route, used for window.name display. If not set, defaults to the route path.
+        :param id: unique id for the route
+        :param metadata: metadata for the route
+        """
+        if metadata is None:
+            metadata = {}
+        route = IndexRoute(
+            content=content, case_sensitive=case_sensitive, id=id, metadata=metadata, on_load=on_load, name=name
+        )
+        route._attach_to_parent(self)
+        self.children.append(route)
+        return route
+
+
+class IndexRoute(BaseRoute):
+    """
+    Index routes render into their parent's Outlet() at their parent URL (like a default child route).
+    Index routes can't have children.
+
+    ```python
+    from dara.core import ConfigurationBuilder
+
+    config = ConfigurationBuilder()
+
+    # renders at '/'
+    config.router.add_index(content=Home)
+
+    dashboard_group = config.router.add_page(path='dashboard', content=Dashboard)
+    # renders at '/dashboard'
+    dashboard_group.add_index(content=DashboardHome)
+    dashboard_group.add_page(path='settings', content=DashboardSettings)
+    ```
+    """
+
+    index: Literal[True] = True
+    content: Union[Callable[..., ComponentInstance], ComponentInstance] = Field(exclude=True)
+
+    def compile(self):
+        super().compile()
+        content = _execute_route_func(self.content, self.full_path)
+
+        # Analyze component dependencies
+        dependency_graph = DependencyGraph.from_component(content)
+
+        self.compiled_data = RouteData(
+            content=content, on_load=self.on_load, definition=self, dependency_graph=dependency_graph
+        )
+
+
+class PageRoute(BaseRoute, HasChildRoutes):
+    """
+    Standard route with a unique URL segment and content to render.
+    """
+
+    path: str
+    content: Union[Callable[..., ComponentInstance], ComponentInstance] = Field(exclude=True)
+
+    def __init__(self, *children: BaseRoute, **kwargs):
+        routes = list(children)
+        if 'children' not in kwargs:
+            kwargs['children'] = routes
+        super().__init__(**kwargs)
+
+    def compile(self):
+        super().compile()
+        content = _execute_route_func(self.content, self.full_path)
+
+        # Analyze component dependencies
+        dependency_graph = DependencyGraph.from_component(content)
+
+        self.compiled_data = RouteData(
+            content=content, on_load=self.on_load, definition=self, dependency_graph=dependency_graph
+        )
+        for child in self.children:
+            child.compile()
+
+
+class LayoutRoute(BaseRoute, HasChildRoutes):
+    """
+    Layout route creates a route with a layout component to render without adding any segments to the URL
+
+    ```python
+    from dara.core import ConfigurationBuilder
+
+
+    config = ConfigurationBuilder()
+
+    # no path on this parent route, just the layout
+    marketing_group = config.router.add_layout(content=MarketingLayout)
+    marketing_group.add_index(content=MarketingHome)
+    marketing_group.add_page(path='contact', content=MarketingContact)
+
+    projects_group = config.router.add_prefix(path='projects')
+    projects_group.add_index(content=ProjectsHome)
+    # again, no path, just a component for the layout
+    single_project_group = projects_group.add_layout(content=ProjectLayout)
+    single_project_group.add_page(path=':pid', content=Project)
+    single_project_group.add_page(path=':pid/edit', content=EditProject)
+    ```
+
+    Note that:
+    - Home and Contact will be rendered into the MarketingLayout outlet
+    - Project and EditProject will be rendered into the ProjectLayout outlet while ProjectsHome will not.
+    """
+
+    content: Union[Callable[..., ComponentInstance], ComponentInstance] = Field(exclude=True)
+
+    def __init__(self, *children: BaseRoute, **kwargs):
+        routes = list(children)
+        if 'children' not in kwargs:
+            kwargs['children'] = routes
+        super().__init__(**kwargs)
+
+    def compile(self):
+        super().compile()
+
+        content = _execute_route_func(self.content, self.full_path)
+        dependency_graph = DependencyGraph.from_component(content)
+
+        self.compiled_data = RouteData(
+            on_load=self.on_load, content=content, definition=self, dependency_graph=dependency_graph
+        )
+        for child in self.children:
+            child.compile()
+
+
+class PrefixRoute(BaseRoute, HasChildRoutes):
+    """
+    Prefix route creates a group of routes with a common prefix without a specific component to render
+
+    ```python
+    from dara.core import ConfigurationBuilder
+
+    config = ConfigurationBuilder()
+
+    # no component, just a prefix
+    projects_group = config.router.add_prefix(path='projects')
+    projects_group.add_index(content=ProjectsHome)
+    projects_group.add_page(path=':pid', content=ProjectHome)
+    projects_group.add_page(path=':pid/edit', content=ProjectEdit)
+    ```
+
+    This creates the routes /projects, /projects/:pid, and /projects/:pid/edit without introducing a layout component.
+    """
+
+    path: str
+
+    def __init__(self, *children: BaseRoute, **kwargs):
+        routes = list(children)
+        if 'children' not in kwargs:
+            kwargs['children'] = routes
+        super().__init__(**kwargs)
+
+    def compile(self):
+        super().compile()
+        self.compiled_data = RouteData(on_load=self.on_load, definition=self)
+        for child in self.children:
+            child.compile()
+
+
+class Router(HasChildRoutes):
+    """
+    Router is the main class for defining routes in a Dara application.
+    You can choose to construct a Router with the object API or a fluent API, depending on your needs and preference.
+
+    Fluent API (building routes gradually using methods):
+
+    ```python
+    from dara.core import ConfigurationBuilder
+
+    config = ConfigurationBuilder()
+
+    # Add home and public pages
+    config.router.add_index(content=HomePage)
+    config.router.add_page(path='about', content=AboutPage)
+
+    # Add a layout that wraps authenticated routes
+    dashboard_layout = config.router.add_layout(content=DashboardLayout)
+    dashboard_layout.add_page(path='dashboard', content=DashboardHome)
+    dashboard_layout.add_page(path='profile', content=UserProfile)
+
+    # Add a prefix group for blog routes
+    blog_group = config.router.add_prefix(path='blog')
+    blog_group.add_index(content=BlogHome)  # renders at '/blog'
+    blog_group.add_page(path='post/:id', content=BlogPost)  # renders at '/blog/post/:id'
+    ```
+
+    Object API (defining children directly):
+
+    ```python
+    from dara.core import ConfigurationBuilder
+    from dara.core.router import IndexRoute, PageRoute, LayoutRoute, PrefixRoute
+
+    config = ConfigurationBuilder()
+    config.router.set_children([
+        # Home page
+        IndexRoute(content=HomePage),
+
+        # Public pages
+        PageRoute(path='about', content=AboutPage),
+
+        # Layout that wraps authenticated routes
+        LayoutRoute(
+            content=DashboardLayout,
+            children=[
+                PageRoute(path='dashboard', content=DashboardHome),
+                PageRoute(path='profile', content=UserProfile)
+            ]
+        ),
+
+        # Prefix group for blog routes
+        PrefixRoute(
+            path='blog',
+            children=[
+                IndexRoute(content=BlogHome),  # renders at '/blog'
+                PageRoute(path='post/:id', content=BlogPost)  # renders at '/blog/post/:id'
+            ]
+        )
+    ])
+    ```
+
+    Both approaches create the same routing structure. The fluent API is more readable for
+    building routes step by step, while the object API is more declarative and compact.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, *children: BaseRoute, **kwargs):
+        routes = list(children)
+        if 'children' not in kwargs:
+            kwargs['children'] = routes
+        super().__init__(**kwargs)
+
+    def compile(self):
+        """
+        Compile the route tree into a data structure ready for matching:
+        - executes all page functions
+        - validates route paths
+        """
+        for child in self.children:
+            child.compile()
+
+    def to_route_map(self) -> Dict[str, RouteData]:
+        """
+        Convert the route tree into a dictionary of route data keyed by unique route identifiers.
+        """
+        routes: Dict[str, RouteData] = {}
+
+        def _walk(route: BaseRoute):
+            identifier = route.get_identifier()
+
+            routes[identifier] = route.route_data
+
+            if isinstance(route, HasChildRoutes):
+                for child in route.children:
+                    _walk(child)
+
+        for route in self.children:
+            _walk(route)
+
+        return routes
+
+    class NavigableRoute(TypedDict):
+        path: str
+        name: str
+        id: str
+        metadata: dict
+
+    def get_navigable_routes(self) -> List[NavigableRoute]:
+        """
+        Get a flattened list of all navigable routes (PageRoute and IndexRoute only).
+
+        This method filters out layout and prefix routes to return only routes that
+        represent actual pages users can navigate to, making it perfect for building menus.
+
+        Returns:
+            List of dictionaries containing route information:
+            - path: Full URL path
+            - name: Route name (for display)
+            - id: Route identifier
+            - metadata: Route metadata
+        """
+        navigable_routes = []
+
+        def _collect_navigable(route: BaseRoute):
+            # Only include routes that represent actual navigable pages
+            if isinstance(route, (PageRoute, IndexRoute)):
+                route_info = {
+                    'path': route.full_path,
+                    'name': route.get_name(),
+                    'id': route.get_identifier(),
+                    'metadata': route.metadata,
+                }
+                navigable_routes.append(route_info)
+
+            # Recursively process children
+            if isinstance(route, HasChildRoutes):
+                for child in route.children:
+                    _collect_navigable(child)
+
+        for route in self.children:
+            _collect_navigable(route)
+
+        return navigable_routes
+
+    def print_route_tree(self):
+        """
+        Print a visual representation of the route tree showing:
+        - Route hierarchy with indentation
+        - Full paths for each route
+        - Content/layout functions
+        - Index routes marked with (index)
+
+        Example output:
+        ```
+        Router
+        ├─ / (index) [HomePage]
+        ├─ /about [AboutPage]
+        ├─ <MarketingLayout>
+        │  ├─ / (index) [MarketingHome]
+        │  └─ /contact [MarketingContact]
+        └─ /my-api/
+           ├─ /my-api/users [UsersPage]
+           └─ /my-api/posts/:id [PostDetail]
+        ```
+        """
+        print('Router')
+        self._print_routes(self.children, prefix='')
+
+    def _print_routes(self, routes: List['BaseRoute'], prefix: str = ''):
+        """Helper method to recursively print route tree structure"""
+
+        def _format_content(content: Union[Callable[..., ComponentInstance], ComponentInstance]):
+            if isinstance(content, ComponentInstance):
+                return content.__class__.__name__
+            return content.__name__
+
+        for i, route in enumerate(routes):
+            is_last = i == len(routes) - 1
+
+            # Determine the tree characters
+            if is_last:
+                current_prefix = prefix + '└─ '
+                next_prefix = prefix + '   '
+            else:
+                current_prefix = prefix + '├─ '
+                next_prefix = prefix + '│  '
+
+            # Build the route description based on route type
+            route_content = getattr(route, 'content', None)
+            route_path = getattr(route, 'path', None)
+
+            if isinstance(route, IndexRoute):
+                # Index route: show path with (index) marker
+                full_path = route.full_path or '/'
+                route_info = f'{full_path} (index)'
+                if route_content:
+                    content_name = _format_content(route_content)
+                    route_info += f' [{content_name}]'
+            elif isinstance(route, LayoutRoute):
+                # Layout route: show in angle brackets
+                if route_content:
+                    content_name = _format_content(route_content)
+                    route_info = f'<{content_name}>'
+                else:
+                    route_info = '<Layout>'
+            elif isinstance(route, PrefixRoute):
+                # Prefix route: show path with trailing slash
+                full_path = route.full_path or f'/{route_path}'
+                if not full_path.endswith('/'):
+                    full_path += '/'
+                route_info = full_path
+            else:
+                # Page route: show path and content
+                full_path = route.full_path or f'/{route_path}'
+                route_info = full_path
+                if route_content:
+                    content_name = _format_content(route_content)
+                    route_info += f' [{content_name}]'
+
+            print(current_prefix + route_info)
+
+            # Recursively print children if they exist
+            route_children = getattr(route, 'children', None)
+            if route_children:
+                self._print_routes(route_children, next_prefix)
+
+
+def _execute_route_func(
+    content: Union[Callable[..., ComponentInstance], ComponentInstance], path: Optional[str]
+) -> ComponentInstance:
+    """
+    Executes a route function or returns a ComponentInstance directly.
+    For callables, injects path params into the function signature based on patterns in the path.
+    For ComponentInstance objects, returns them directly (ignoring any path params).
+    """
+    assert path is not None, 'Path should not be None, internal error'
+
+    # If content is already a ComponentInstance, return it directly
+    if isinstance(content, ComponentInstance):
+        return content
+
+    # Handle callable case (existing logic)
+    path_params = find_patterns(path)
+    kwargs = {}
+    signature = inspect.signature(content)
+
+    for name, param in signature.parameters.items():
+        typ = param.annotation
+
+        if name in {'self', 'cls'}:
+            continue
+
+        # Reserved name 'splat' for the '*' param
+        if name == 'splat' and '*' in path_params:
+            kwargs[name] = Variable(store=_PathParamStore(param_name='*'))
+            continue
+
+        if name not in path_params:
+            raise ValueError(
+                f'Invalid page function signature. Kwarg "{name}: {typ}" found but param ":{name}" is missing in path "{path}"'
+            )
+        if not (inspect.isclass(typ) and issubclass(typ, Variable)):
+            raise ValueError(
+                f'Invalid page function signature. Kwarg "{name}" found with invalid signature "{type}". Page functions can only accept kwargs annotated with "Variable" corresponding to path params defined on the route'
+            )
+        kwargs[name] = Variable(store=_PathParamStore(param_name=name))
+    return content(**kwargs)
+
+
+# required to make pydantic happy
+IndexRoute.model_rebuild()
+PageRoute.model_rebuild()
+LayoutRoute.model_rebuild()
+PrefixRoute.model_rebuild()
+RouteData.model_rebuild()
+Router.model_rebuild()