cppkh-interface 0.1.3__py3-none-any.whl → 0.2.0__py3-none-any.whl

cppkh_interface/main.py

@@ -1,568 +1,656 @@
-from __future__ import annotations
-
-import argparse
-import ast
-import contextlib
-import hashlib
-import os
-import pathlib
-import platform
-import re
-import shlex
-import shutil
-import subprocess
-import sys
-import tempfile
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import argparse
+import ast
+import contextlib
+import ctypes
+import hashlib
+import os
+import pathlib
+import platform
+import re
+import shlex
+import shutil
+import subprocess
+import sys
+import tempfile
 import uuid
-from importlib import resources
-from typing import Optional, Sequence, Union
-
-PdInput = Union[str, Sequence[Sequence[int]]]
-PdManyInput = Union[str, Sequence[PdInput]]
-_configured_cxx: Optional[str] = None
-
-
-class CppkhInterfaceError(RuntimeError):
-    """Raised when the C++ executable cannot be built or run."""
-
-
-def _format_pd(crossings: Sequence[Sequence[int]]) -> str:
-    parts = []
-    for crossing in crossings:
-        values = list(crossing)
-        if len(values) != 4:
-            raise ValueError(f"PD crossing must have four entries: {crossing!r}")
-        parts.append("X[{},{},{},{}]".format(*(int(value) for value in values)))
-    return "PD[" + ",".join(parts) + "]"
-
-
-def _parse_x_crossings(text: str) -> Optional[list[list[int]]]:
-    pattern = r"X\s*\[\s*(-?\d+)\s*,\s*(-?\d+)\s*,\s*(-?\d+)\s*,\s*(-?\d+)\s*\]"
-    crossings = []
-    for match in re.finditer(pattern, text):
-        crossings.append([int(match.group(i)) for i in range(1, 5)])
-    return crossings if crossings else None
-
-
+import threading
+from importlib import resources
+from typing import Optional, Sequence, Union
+
+PdInput = Union[str, Sequence[Sequence[int]]]
+PdManyInput = Union[str, Sequence[PdInput]]
+_configured_cxx: Optional[str] = None
+
+
+class CppkhInterfaceError(RuntimeError):
+    """Raised when the C++ executable cannot be built or run."""
+
+
+def _format_pd(crossings: Sequence[Sequence[int]]) -> str:
+    parts = []
+    for crossing in crossings:
+        values = list(crossing)
+        if len(values) != 4:
+            raise ValueError(f"PD crossing must have four entries: {crossing!r}")
+        parts.append("X[{},{},{},{}]".format(*(int(value) for value in values)))
+    return "PD[" + ",".join(parts) + "]"
+
+
+def _parse_x_crossings(text: str) -> Optional[list[list[int]]]:
+    pattern = r"X\s*\[\s*(-?\d+)\s*,\s*(-?\d+)\s*,\s*(-?\d+)\s*,\s*(-?\d+)\s*\]"
+    crossings = []
+    for match in re.finditer(pattern, text):
+        crossings.append([int(match.group(i)) for i in range(1, 5)])
+    return crossings if crossings else None
+
+
 def _as_crossings(pd_code: PdInput) -> list[list[int]]:
-    if isinstance(pd_code, str):
-        body = pd_code.strip()
-        if ":" in body:
-            body = body.split(":", 1)[1].strip()
-        if body.replace(" ", "") in ("PD[]", "[]"):
-            return []
-
-        parsed = _parse_x_crossings(body)
-        if parsed is not None:
-            return parsed
-
-        try:
-            value = ast.literal_eval(body)
-        except (SyntaxError, ValueError) as exc:
-            raise ValueError(f"unsupported PD-code string format: {pd_code!r}") from exc
-    else:
-        value = pd_code
-
-    crossings = []
-    for crossing in value:
-        values = list(crossing)
-        if len(values) != 4:
-            raise ValueError(f"PD crossing must have four entries: {crossing!r}")
-        crossings.append([int(item) for item in values])
+    if isinstance(pd_code, str):
+        body = pd_code.strip()
+        if ":" in body:
+            body = body.split(":", 1)[1].strip()
+        if body.replace(" ", "") in ("PD[]", "[]"):
+            return []
+
+        parsed = _parse_x_crossings(body)
+        if parsed is not None:
+            return parsed
+
+        try:
+            value = ast.literal_eval(body)
+        except (SyntaxError, ValueError) as exc:
+            raise ValueError(f"unsupported PD-code string format: {pd_code!r}") from exc
+    else:
+        value = pd_code
+
+    crossings = []
+    for crossing in value:
+        values = list(crossing)
+        if len(values) != 4:
+            raise ValueError(f"PD crossing must have four entries: {crossing!r}")
+        crossings.append([int(item) for item in values])
     return crossings
 
 
-def normalize_pd_code(pd_code: PdInput) -> str:
-    """Normalize a supported PD-code value into standard ``PD[X[...],...]`` text."""
-
-    return _format_pd(_as_crossings(pd_code))
-
-
-def normalize_pd_codes(pd_codes: PdManyInput) -> str:
-    """Normalize one or more PD codes into a newline-separated PD document."""
-
-    if isinstance(pd_codes, str):
-        return pd_codes.strip()
-    return "\n".join(normalize_pd_code(pd_code) for pd_code in pd_codes)
-
-
-@contextlib.contextmanager
-def _resource_source_path():
-    source = resources.files("cppkh_interface") / "data" / "src" / "main.cpp"
-    try:
-        with resources.as_file(source) as resource_path:
-            if pathlib.Path(resource_path).exists():
-                yield pathlib.Path(resource_path)
-                return
-    except FileNotFoundError:
-        pass
-
-    current = pathlib.Path(__file__).resolve()
-    for parent in current.parents:
-        candidate = parent / "src" / "main.cpp"
-        if candidate.exists():
-            yield candidate
-            return
-
-    raise CppkhInterfaceError(
-        "cppkh C++ source was not found. Installed wheels include it under "
-        "cppkh_interface/data/src/main.cpp; editable checkouts use the "
-        "repository root src/main.cpp."
-    )
-
-
-def _cache_dir() -> pathlib.Path:
-    env_value = os.environ.get("CPPKH_INTERFACE_CACHE_DIR")
-    if env_value:
-        root = pathlib.Path(env_value)
-    elif sys.platform == "win32":
-        root = pathlib.Path(os.environ.get("LOCALAPPDATA", pathlib.Path.home())) / "cppkh-interface"
-    elif sys.platform == "darwin":
-        root = pathlib.Path.home() / "Library" / "Caches" / "cppkh-interface"
-    else:
-        root = pathlib.Path(os.environ.get("XDG_CACHE_HOME", pathlib.Path.home() / ".cache")) / "cppkh-interface"
-    root.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
-    return root
-
-
-def _default_compile_flags() -> list[str]:
-    flags = ["-std=c++14", "-O3", "-DNDEBUG"]
-    native = os.environ.get("CPPKH_INTERFACE_NATIVE", "1").strip().lower()
-    if native not in ("0", "false", "no", "off"):
-        flags.append("-march=native")
-    if platform.system() != "Windows":
-        flags.append("-pthread")
-    extra = os.environ.get("CPPKH_INTERFACE_CXXFLAGS", "").strip()
-    if extra:
-        flags.extend(shlex.split(extra))
-    return flags
-
-
-def _exe_suffix() -> str:
-    return ".exe" if platform.system() == "Windows" else ""
+def _check_sanity(crossings: list[list[int]]) -> None:
+    counts = {}
+    for crossing in crossings:
+        for label in crossing:
+            counts[label] = counts.get(label, 0) + 1
+    if any(count != 2 for count in counts.values()):
+        raise TypeError("each PD label must occur exactly twice")
+
+
+def normalize_pd_code(pd_code: PdInput) -> str:
+    """Normalize a supported PD-code value into standard ``PD[X[...],...]`` text."""
+
+    return _format_pd(_as_crossings(pd_code))
+
+
+def normalize_pd_codes(pd_codes: PdManyInput) -> str:
+    """Normalize one or more PD codes into a newline-separated PD document."""
+
+    if isinstance(pd_codes, str):
+        return pd_codes.strip()
+    return "\n".join(normalize_pd_code(pd_code) for pd_code in pd_codes)
+
+
+@contextlib.contextmanager
+def _resource_source_path():
+    source = resources.files("cppkh_interface") / "data" / "src" / "main.cpp"
+    try:
+        with resources.as_file(source) as resource_path:
+            if pathlib.Path(resource_path).exists():
+                yield pathlib.Path(resource_path)
+                return
+    except FileNotFoundError:
+        pass
+
+    current = pathlib.Path(__file__).resolve()
+    for parent in current.parents:
+        candidate = parent / "src" / "main.cpp"
+        if candidate.exists():
+            yield candidate
+            return
+
+    raise CppkhInterfaceError(
+        "cppkh C++ source was not found. Installed wheels include it under "
+        "cppkh_interface/data/src/main.cpp; editable checkouts use the "
+        "repository root src/main.cpp."
+    )
+
+
+def _cache_dir() -> pathlib.Path:
+    env_value = os.environ.get("CPPKH_INTERFACE_CACHE_DIR")
+    if env_value:
+        root = pathlib.Path(env_value)
+    elif sys.platform == "win32":
+        root = pathlib.Path(os.environ.get("LOCALAPPDATA", pathlib.Path.home())) / "cppkh-interface"
+    elif sys.platform == "darwin":
+        root = pathlib.Path.home() / "Library" / "Caches" / "cppkh-interface"
+    else:
+        root = pathlib.Path(os.environ.get("XDG_CACHE_HOME", pathlib.Path.home() / ".cache")) / "cppkh-interface"
+    root.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+    return root
+
+
+def _default_compile_flags() -> list[str]:
+    flags = ["-std=c++14", "-O3", "-DNDEBUG"]
+    native = os.environ.get("CPPKH_INTERFACE_NATIVE", "1").strip().lower()
+    if native not in ("0", "false", "no", "off"):
+        flags.append("-march=native")
+    if platform.system() != "Windows":
+        flags.append("-pthread")
+    extra = os.environ.get("CPPKH_INTERFACE_CXXFLAGS", "").strip()
+    if extra:
+        flags.extend(shlex.split(extra))
+    return flags
+
+
+def _exe_suffix() -> str:
+    return ".exe" if platform.system() == "Windows" else ""
+
+
+def _shared_suffix() -> str:
+    return ".dll" if platform.system() == "Windows" else (".dylib" if platform.system() == "Darwin" else ".so")
 
 
 def _compiler_parts(command: str) -> list[str]:
     command = command.strip()
     if not command:
         return []
-    unquoted = command
-    if len(unquoted) >= 2 and unquoted[0] == unquoted[-1] and unquoted[0] in ("'", '"'):
-        unquoted = unquoted[1:-1]
-    if pathlib.Path(unquoted).is_file():
-        return [unquoted]
-    try:
-        parts = shlex.split(command, posix=os.name != "nt")
-    except ValueError as exc:
-        raise CppkhInterfaceError(f"invalid C++ compiler command: {command!r}") from exc
-    return [part.strip("\"'") for part in parts if part.strip("\"'")]
-
-
-def _subprocess_kwargs() -> dict:
-    kwargs = {
-        "stdout": subprocess.PIPE,
-        "stderr": subprocess.PIPE,
-        "text": True,
-        "encoding": "utf-8",
-        "errors": "replace",
-    }
-    if platform.system() == "Windows":
-        kwargs["creationflags"] = subprocess.CREATE_NO_WINDOW
-    return kwargs
-
-
-def _probe_compiler(parts: Sequence[str]) -> subprocess.CompletedProcess:
-    if not parts:
-        raise CppkhInterfaceError("empty C++ compiler command")
-    try:
-        result = subprocess.run([*parts, "--version"], timeout=15, **_subprocess_kwargs())
-    except (OSError, subprocess.SubprocessError) as exc:
-        raise CppkhInterfaceError(f"could not run C++ compiler {' '.join(parts)!r}: {exc}") from exc
-    if result.returncode != 0:
-        detail = (result.stderr or result.stdout or "").strip()
-        raise CppkhInterfaceError(detail or f"C++ compiler {' '.join(parts)!r} is not usable")
-    return result
-
-
-def _resolve_compiler(cxx: Optional[str] = None) -> list[str]:
-    global _configured_cxx
-
-    explicit = cxx or _configured_cxx
-    if not explicit:
-        explicit = os.environ.get("CPPKH_INTERFACE_CXX") or os.environ.get("CXX")
-    if explicit:
-        parts = _compiler_parts(explicit)
-        _probe_compiler(parts)
-        if cxx:
-            _configured_cxx = cxx
-        return parts
-
-    errors = []
-    for name in ("g++", "clang++", "c++"):
-        candidate = shutil.which(name)
-        if not candidate:
-            continue
-        parts = [candidate]
-        try:
-            _probe_compiler(parts)
-            return parts
-        except CppkhInterfaceError as exc:
-            errors.append(str(exc))
-    detail = f" ({'; '.join(errors)})" if errors else ""
-    raise CppkhInterfaceError(
-        "no usable C++ compiler was found. Install a C++14 compiler or set "
-        f"CPPKH_INTERFACE_CXX/CXX to its command{detail}"
-    )
-
-
+    unquoted = command
+    if len(unquoted) >= 2 and unquoted[0] == unquoted[-1] and unquoted[0] in ("'", '"'):
+        unquoted = unquoted[1:-1]
+    if pathlib.Path(unquoted).is_file():
+        return [unquoted]
+    try:
+        parts = shlex.split(command, posix=os.name != "nt")
+    except ValueError as exc:
+        raise CppkhInterfaceError(f"invalid C++ compiler command: {command!r}") from exc
+    return [part.strip("\"'") for part in parts if part.strip("\"'")]
+
+
+def _subprocess_kwargs() -> dict:
+    kwargs = {
+        "stdout": subprocess.PIPE,
+        "stderr": subprocess.PIPE,
+        "text": True,
+        "encoding": "utf-8",
+        "errors": "replace",
+    }
+    if platform.system() == "Windows":
+        kwargs["creationflags"] = subprocess.CREATE_NO_WINDOW
+    return kwargs
+
+
+def _probe_compiler(parts: Sequence[str]) -> subprocess.CompletedProcess:
+    if not parts:
+        raise CppkhInterfaceError("empty C++ compiler command")
+    try:
+        result = subprocess.run([*parts, "--version"], timeout=15, **_subprocess_kwargs())
+    except (OSError, subprocess.SubprocessError) as exc:
+        raise CppkhInterfaceError(f"could not run C++ compiler {' '.join(parts)!r}: {exc}") from exc
+    if result.returncode != 0:
+        detail = (result.stderr or result.stdout or "").strip()
+        raise CppkhInterfaceError(detail or f"C++ compiler {' '.join(parts)!r} is not usable")
+    return result
+
+
+def _resolve_compiler(cxx: Optional[str] = None) -> list[str]:
+    global _configured_cxx
+
+    explicit = cxx or _configured_cxx
+    if not explicit:
+        explicit = os.environ.get("CPPKH_INTERFACE_CXX") or os.environ.get("CXX")
+    if explicit:
+        parts = _compiler_parts(explicit)
+        _probe_compiler(parts)
+        if cxx:
+            _configured_cxx = cxx
+        return parts
+
+    errors = []
+    for name in ("g++", "clang++", "c++"):
+        candidate = shutil.which(name)
+        if not candidate:
+            continue
+        parts = [candidate]
+        try:
+            _probe_compiler(parts)
+            return parts
+        except CppkhInterfaceError as exc:
+            errors.append(str(exc))
+    detail = f" ({'; '.join(errors)})" if errors else ""
+    raise CppkhInterfaceError(
+        "no usable C++ compiler was found. Install a C++14 compiler or set "
+        f"CPPKH_INTERFACE_CXX/CXX to its command{detail}"
+    )
+
+
 def _compiler_runtime_path_entries(compiler: Sequence[str]) -> list[str]:
     paths = []
     for candidate in compiler:
-        resolved = shutil.which(candidate) or candidate
-        path = pathlib.Path(resolved)
-        if path.exists() and path.is_file():
-            parent = str(path.resolve().parent)
-            if parent not in paths:
-                paths.append(parent)
-    return paths
-
-
-def _compiler_identity(compiler: Sequence[str]) -> str:
-    result = _probe_compiler(compiler)
-    executable = shutil.which(compiler[0]) or compiler[0]
-    return "\0".join([str(pathlib.Path(executable).resolve()), *compiler[1:], result.stdout.strip()])
-
-
-def _cache_key(source_bytes: bytes, flags: Sequence[str], compiler: Sequence[str]) -> str:
-    digest = hashlib.sha256()
-    digest.update(source_bytes)
-    digest.update("\0".join(flags).encode("utf-8"))
-    digest.update(_compiler_identity(compiler).encode("utf-8"))
-    digest.update(platform.platform().encode("utf-8"))
-    return digest.hexdigest()[:20]
-
-
-def _compile_source(
-    compiler: Sequence[str],
-    source: pathlib.Path,
-    output: pathlib.Path,
-    flags: Sequence[str],
-) -> subprocess.CompletedProcess:
-    command = [*compiler, *flags, str(source), "-o", str(output)]
-    try:
-        return subprocess.run(command, **_subprocess_kwargs())
-    except OSError as exc:
-        raise CppkhInterfaceError(f"could not start C++ compiler: {exc}") from exc
-
-
-def compile_cppkh(
-    *,
-    force: bool = False,
-    cxx: Optional[str] = None,
-    extra_flags: Optional[Sequence[str]] = None,
-) -> pathlib.Path:
-    """Compile the packaged C++ source and return the cached executable path."""
-
-    with _resource_source_path() as source:
+        resolved = shutil.which(candidate) or candidate
+        path = pathlib.Path(resolved)
+        if path.exists() and path.is_file():
+            parent = str(path.resolve().parent)
+            if parent not in paths:
+                paths.append(parent)
+    return paths
+
+
+def _compiler_identity(compiler: Sequence[str]) -> str:
+    result = _probe_compiler(compiler)
+    executable = shutil.which(compiler[0]) or compiler[0]
+    return "\0".join([str(pathlib.Path(executable).resolve()), *compiler[1:], result.stdout.strip()])
+
+
+def _cache_key(source_bytes: bytes, flags: Sequence[str], compiler: Sequence[str]) -> str:
+    digest = hashlib.sha256()
+    digest.update(source_bytes)
+    digest.update("\0".join(flags).encode("utf-8"))
+    digest.update(_compiler_identity(compiler).encode("utf-8"))
+    digest.update(platform.platform().encode("utf-8"))
+    return digest.hexdigest()[:20]
+
+
+def _compile_source(
+    compiler: Sequence[str],
+    source: pathlib.Path,
+    output: pathlib.Path,
+    flags: Sequence[str],
+) -> subprocess.CompletedProcess:
+    command = [*compiler, *flags, str(source), "-o", str(output)]
+    try:
+        return subprocess.run(command, **_subprocess_kwargs())
+    except OSError as exc:
+        raise CppkhInterfaceError(f"could not start C++ compiler: {exc}") from exc
+
+
+def compile_cppkh(
+    *,
+    force: bool = False,
+    cxx: Optional[str] = None,
+    extra_flags: Optional[Sequence[str]] = None,
+) -> pathlib.Path:
+    """Compile the packaged C++ source and return the cached executable path."""
+
+    with _resource_source_path() as source:
+        source_path = pathlib.Path(source)
+        source_bytes = source_path.read_bytes()
+        compiler = _resolve_compiler(cxx)
+        flags = _default_compile_flags()
+        if extra_flags:
+            flags.extend(str(flag) for flag in extra_flags)
+
+        cache = _cache_dir()
+        exe = cache / f"cppkh-{_cache_key(source_bytes, flags, compiler)}{_exe_suffix()}"
+        if exe.exists() and not force:
+            return exe
+
+        tmp_exe = cache / f"{exe.name}.tmp-{os.getpid()}-{uuid.uuid4().hex}{_exe_suffix()}"
+        try:
+            result = _compile_source(compiler, source_path, tmp_exe, flags)
+            if result.returncode != 0 and "-march=native" in flags:
+                fallback_flags = [flag for flag in flags if flag != "-march=native"]
+                result = _compile_source(compiler, source_path, tmp_exe, fallback_flags)
+            if result.returncode != 0:
+                detail = (result.stderr or result.stdout or "").strip()
+                raise CppkhInterfaceError(detail or "C++ compilation failed")
+            if not tmp_exe.exists():
+                raise CppkhInterfaceError(f"compiled executable was not created: {tmp_exe}")
+
+            if exe.exists() and not force:
+                return exe
+            try:
+                os.replace(tmp_exe, exe)
+            except OSError:
+                if force or not exe.exists():
+                    raise
+            try:
+                exe.chmod(exe.stat().st_mode | 0o755)
+            except OSError:
+                pass
+            return exe
+        finally:
+            try:
+                tmp_exe.unlink()
+            except OSError:
+                pass
+
+
+def compile_cppkh_shared(*, force: bool = False) -> pathlib.Path:
+    """Compile and cache the cppkh C API shared library."""
+    with _resource_source_path() as source:
         source_path = pathlib.Path(source)
-        source_bytes = source_path.read_bytes()
-        compiler = _resolve_compiler(cxx)
-        flags = _default_compile_flags()
-        if extra_flags:
-            flags.extend(str(flag) for flag in extra_flags)
-
+        compiler = _resolve_compiler()
+        flags = _default_compile_flags() + ["-shared", "-DCPPKH_SHARED_LIBRARY"]
         cache = _cache_dir()
-        exe = cache / f"cppkh-{_cache_key(source_bytes, flags, compiler)}{_exe_suffix()}"
-        if exe.exists() and not force:
-            return exe
-
-        tmp_exe = cache / f"{exe.name}.tmp-{os.getpid()}-{uuid.uuid4().hex}{_exe_suffix()}"
+        library = cache / f"cppkh-{_cache_key(source_path.read_bytes(), flags, compiler)}{_shared_suffix()}"
+        if library.exists() and not force:
+            return library
+        temporary = cache / f"{library.name}.tmp-{os.getpid()}-{uuid.uuid4().hex}{_shared_suffix()}"
         try:
-            result = _compile_source(compiler, source_path, tmp_exe, flags)
+            result = _compile_source(compiler, source_path, temporary, flags)
             if result.returncode != 0 and "-march=native" in flags:
-                fallback_flags = [flag for flag in flags if flag != "-march=native"]
-                result = _compile_source(compiler, source_path, tmp_exe, fallback_flags)
+                result = _compile_source(compiler, source_path, temporary, [flag for flag in flags if flag != "-march=native"])
             if result.returncode != 0:
-                detail = (result.stderr or result.stdout or "").strip()
-                raise CppkhInterfaceError(detail or "C++ compilation failed")
-            if not tmp_exe.exists():
-                raise CppkhInterfaceError(f"compiled executable was not created: {tmp_exe}")
-
-            if exe.exists() and not force:
-                return exe
-            try:
-                os.replace(tmp_exe, exe)
-            except OSError:
-                if force or not exe.exists():
-                    raise
-            try:
-                exe.chmod(exe.stat().st_mode | 0o755)
-            except OSError:
-                pass
-            return exe
+                raise CppkhInterfaceError((result.stderr or result.stdout or "C++ shared compilation failed").strip())
+            os.replace(temporary, library)
+            return library
         finally:
             try:
-                tmp_exe.unlink()
+                temporary.unlink()
             except OSError:
                 pass
-
-
-def get_cppkh_executable() -> pathlib.Path:
-    """Return the cached executable path, compiling it first when necessary."""
-
-    return compile_cppkh()
-
-
-def _run_cppkh_document(
-    pd_text: str,
-    *,
-    encoding: Optional[str] = None,
-    threads: Union[str, int] = "1",
-    de_r1: bool = False,
-    de_k8: bool = False,
-    print_simplified_pd: bool = False,
-) -> list[str]:
-    exe = compile_cppkh()
-    with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile("w", suffix=".pd", encoding="utf-8", delete=False) as handle:
-        handle.write(pd_text)
-        if pd_text and not pd_text.endswith("\n"):
-            handle.write("\n")
-        pd_file = handle.name
-
-    command = [
-        str(exe),
-        "--pd-file",
-        pd_file,
-        "--quiet",
-        "--threads",
-        str(threads),
-    ]
-    command.append("--simplify-r1" if de_r1 else "--no-simplify-r1")
-    command.append("--simplify-nugatory" if de_k8 else "--no-simplify-nugatory")
-    if print_simplified_pd:
-        command.append("--print-simplified-pd")
-
-    kwargs = {
-        "stdout": subprocess.PIPE,
-        "stderr": subprocess.PIPE,
-        "text": True,
-        "encoding": encoding or "utf-8",
-        "errors": "replace",
-    }
-    env = os.environ.copy()
+
+
+_shared_lock = threading.Lock()
+_shared_library = None
+_dll_directory_handles = []
+
+
+def _load_shared_library():
+    global _shared_library
+    if _shared_library is not None:
+        return _shared_library
     runtime_paths = _compiler_runtime_path_entries(_resolve_compiler())
-    if runtime_paths:
-        env["PATH"] = os.pathsep.join(runtime_paths + [env.get("PATH", "")])
-    kwargs["env"] = env
-    if platform.system() == "Windows":
-        kwargs["creationflags"] = subprocess.CREATE_NO_WINDOW
-
-    try:
-        result = subprocess.run(command, **kwargs)
-    finally:
-        try:
-            os.unlink(pd_file)
-        except OSError:
-            pass
-
-    if result.returncode != 0:
-        detail = (result.stderr or result.stdout or "").strip()
-        raise CppkhInterfaceError(detail or f"cppkh exited with code {result.returncode}")
-
-    if print_simplified_pd:
-        lines = [line.strip() for line in result.stdout.splitlines() if line.strip()]
-        return [line.split("\t", 1)[-1] for line in lines]
-
-    matches = re.findall(r'"([^"]*)"', result.stdout)
-    if not matches:
-        raise CppkhInterfaceError(f"result not found in cppkh output: {result.stdout!r}")
-    return matches
-
-
-def _run_cppkh(
-    pd_text: str,
-    *,
-    encoding: Optional[str] = None,
-    threads: Union[str, int] = "1",
-    de_r1: bool = False,
-    de_k8: bool = False,
-    print_simplified_pd: bool = False,
-) -> str:
-    results = _run_cppkh_document(
-        pd_text,
-        encoding=encoding,
-        threads=threads,
-        de_r1=de_r1,
-        de_k8=de_k8,
-        print_simplified_pd=print_simplified_pd,
-    )
-    if len(results) != 1:
-        raise CppkhInterfaceError(f"expected exactly one result, got {len(results)}")
-    return results[0]
-
-
-def _prepare_many_for_cppkh(pd_codes: PdManyInput) -> str:
-    if isinstance(pd_codes, str):
-        return pd_codes.strip()
-    return "\n".join(normalize_pd_code(pd_code) for pd_code in pd_codes)
-
-
-def _compute_one(
-    pd_code: PdInput,
-    *,
-    encoding: Optional[str],
-    de_r1: bool,
-    de_k8: bool,
-    show_real_pdcode: bool,
-    threads: Union[str, int],
-) -> str:
-    document = normalize_pd_code(pd_code)
-    if show_real_pdcode:
-        real_pd = _run_cppkh(
-            document,
-            encoding=encoding,
-            threads=threads,
-            de_r1=de_r1,
-            de_k8=de_k8,
-            print_simplified_pd=True,
-        )
-        display_pd = real_pd if de_r1 and de_k8 else _as_crossings(real_pd)
-        print(f"Real PD code after de_r1 and de_k8: {display_pd}")
-    return _run_cppkh(
-        document,
-        encoding=encoding,
-        threads=threads,
-        de_r1=de_r1,
-        de_k8=de_k8,
-    )
-
-
-def solve_khovanov(
-    pd_code: PdInput,
-    encoding: Optional[str] = None,
-    de_r1: bool = True,
-    de_k8: bool = True,
-    show_real_pdcode: bool = False,
-) -> str:
-    """Compute Khovanov homology with a javakh-interface compatible signature."""
-
-    return _compute_one(
-        pd_code,
-        encoding=encoding,
-        de_r1=de_r1,
-        de_k8=de_k8,
-        show_real_pdcode=show_real_pdcode,
-        threads="1",
-    )
-
-
-def solve_many_khovanov(
-    pd_codes: PdManyInput,
-    encoding: Optional[str] = None,
-    de_r1: bool = True,
-    de_k8: bool = True,
-    show_real_pdcode: bool = False,
-    threads: Union[str, int] = "1",
-) -> list[str]:
-    """Compute many PD codes in one cppkh process.
-
-    With the default ``de_r1=True`` and ``de_k8=True`` settings, the raw PD
-    document is passed directly to cppkh and the C++ simplifier handles R1 then
-    nugatory crossing removal for the whole batch.
-    """
-
-    document = _prepare_many_for_cppkh(pd_codes)
-    if not document:
-        return []
-    if show_real_pdcode:
-        simplified = _run_cppkh_document(
-            document,
-            encoding=encoding,
-            threads=threads,
-            de_r1=de_r1,
-            de_k8=de_k8,
-            print_simplified_pd=True,
-        )
-        print(f"Real PD code after de_r1 and de_k8: {simplified}")
-    return _run_cppkh_document(
-        document,
-        encoding=encoding,
-        threads=threads,
-        de_r1=de_r1,
-        de_k8=de_k8,
-    )
-
-
-def compute_pd(
-    pd_code: PdInput,
-    *,
-    encoding: Optional[str] = None,
-    de_r1: bool = True,
-    de_k8: bool = True,
-    show_real_pdcode: bool = False,
-    threads: Union[str, int] = "1",
-) -> str:
-    """Compute Khovanov homology using the same defaults as solve_khovanov."""
-
-    return _compute_one(
-        pd_code,
-        encoding=encoding,
-        de_r1=de_r1,
-        de_k8=de_k8,
-        show_real_pdcode=show_real_pdcode,
-        threads=threads,
-    )
-
-
-def compute_many_pd(
-    pd_codes: PdManyInput,
-    *,
-    encoding: Optional[str] = None,
-    de_r1: bool = True,
-    de_k8: bool = True,
-    show_real_pdcode: bool = False,
-    threads: Union[str, int] = "1",
-) -> list[str]:
-    """Compute many PD codes in one cached cppkh executable invocation."""
-
-    return solve_many_khovanov(
-        pd_codes,
-        encoding=encoding,
-        de_r1=de_r1,
-        de_k8=de_k8,
-        show_real_pdcode=show_real_pdcode,
-        threads=threads,
-    )
-
-
-def simplify_pd(pd_code: PdInput, *, de_r1: bool = True, de_k8: bool = True) -> str:
-    """Return the normalized PD string after optional R1 and nugatory simplification."""
-
-    return _run_cppkh(
-        normalize_pd_code(pd_code),
-        de_r1=de_r1,
-        de_k8=de_k8,
-        print_simplified_pd=True,
-    )
-
-
-def main(argv: Optional[Sequence[str]] = None) -> int:
-    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Compute Khovanov homology with cppkh-interface.")
-    parser.add_argument("pd_code", help="PD code as PD[...] text or a Python-style list of crossings.")
-    parser.add_argument("--no-de-r1", action="store_true", help="Disable R1-move removal.")
-    parser.add_argument("--no-de-k8", action="store_true", help="Disable nugatory-crossing removal.")
-    parser.add_argument("--threads", default="1", help="cppkh --threads value for direct compute_pd mode.")
-    args = parser.parse_args(argv)
-    print(
-        compute_pd(
-            args.pd_code,
-            de_r1=not args.no_de_r1,
-            de_k8=not args.no_de_k8,
-            threads=args.threads,
-        )
-    )
-    return 0
-
-
-if __name__ == "__main__":
-    raise SystemExit(main())
+    if runtime_paths:
+        os.environ["PATH"] = os.pathsep.join(runtime_paths + [os.environ.get("PATH", "")])
+    library_path = compile_cppkh_shared()
+    if platform.system() == "Windows" and hasattr(os, "add_dll_directory"):
+        for directory in [str(library_path.parent), *runtime_paths]:
+            _dll_directory_handles.append(os.add_dll_directory(directory))
+    library = ctypes.CDLL(str(library_path))
+    library.cppkh_compute_pd_signed_variants_ex.argtypes = [ctypes.c_char_p, ctypes.c_char_p, ctypes.c_int]
+    library.cppkh_compute_pd_signed_variants_ex.restype = ctypes.c_void_p
+    library.cppkh_last_error.restype = ctypes.c_char_p
+    library.cppkh_free.argtypes = [ctypes.c_void_p]
+    _shared_library = library
+    return library
+
+
+def compute_signed_variants(pd_code: PdInput, signs: Sequence[Sequence[int]]) -> list[str]:
+    """Compute several explicit crossing-sign variants in one native call."""
+    crossings = _as_crossings(pd_code)
+    _check_sanity(crossings)
+    rows = [list(row) for row in signs]
+    if any(len(row) != len(crossings) or any(sign not in (-1, 1) for sign in row) for row in rows):
+        raise ValueError("each sign row must contain one +1/-1 value per crossing")
+    pd_text = _format_pd(crossings).encode("utf-8")
+    signs_text = "\n".join(" ".join(map(str, row)) for row in rows).encode("ascii")
+    with _shared_lock:
+        library = _load_shared_library()
+        pointer = library.cppkh_compute_pd_signed_variants_ex(pd_text, signs_text, 1)
+        if not pointer:
+            error = library.cppkh_last_error()
+            raise CppkhInterfaceError(error.decode("utf-8", "replace") if error else "signed computation failed")
+        try:
+            result = ctypes.string_at(pointer).decode("utf-8")
+        finally:
+            library.cppkh_free(pointer)
+    return result.splitlines()
+
+
+def get_cppkh_executable() -> pathlib.Path:
+    """Return the cached executable path, compiling it first when necessary."""
+
+    return compile_cppkh()
+
+
+def _run_cppkh_document(
+    pd_text: str,
+    *,
+    encoding: Optional[str] = None,
+    threads: Union[str, int] = "1",
+    de_r1: bool = False,
+    de_k8: bool = False,
+    print_simplified_pd: bool = False,
+) -> list[str]:
+    exe = compile_cppkh()
+    with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile("w", suffix=".pd", encoding="utf-8", delete=False) as handle:
+        handle.write(pd_text)
+        if pd_text and not pd_text.endswith("\n"):
+            handle.write("\n")
+        pd_file = handle.name
+
+    command = [
+        str(exe),
+        "--pd-file",
+        pd_file,
+        "--quiet",
+        "--threads",
+        str(threads),
+    ]
+    command.append("--simplify-r1" if de_r1 else "--no-simplify-r1")
+    command.append("--simplify-nugatory" if de_k8 else "--no-simplify-nugatory")
+    if print_simplified_pd:
+        command.append("--print-simplified-pd")
+
+    kwargs = {
+        "stdout": subprocess.PIPE,
+        "stderr": subprocess.PIPE,
+        "text": True,
+        "encoding": encoding or "utf-8",
+        "errors": "replace",
+    }
+    env = os.environ.copy()
+    runtime_paths = _compiler_runtime_path_entries(_resolve_compiler())
+    if runtime_paths:
+        env["PATH"] = os.pathsep.join(runtime_paths + [env.get("PATH", "")])
+    kwargs["env"] = env
+    if platform.system() == "Windows":
+        kwargs["creationflags"] = subprocess.CREATE_NO_WINDOW
+
+    try:
+        result = subprocess.run(command, **kwargs)
+    finally:
+        try:
+            os.unlink(pd_file)
+        except OSError:
+            pass
+
+    if result.returncode != 0:
+        detail = (result.stderr or result.stdout or "").strip()
+        raise CppkhInterfaceError(detail or f"cppkh exited with code {result.returncode}")
+
+    if print_simplified_pd:
+        lines = [line.strip() for line in result.stdout.splitlines() if line.strip()]
+        return [line.split("\t", 1)[-1] for line in lines]
+
+    matches = re.findall(r'"([^"]*)"', result.stdout)
+    if not matches:
+        raise CppkhInterfaceError(f"result not found in cppkh output: {result.stdout!r}")
+    return matches
+
+
+def _run_cppkh(
+    pd_text: str,
+    *,
+    encoding: Optional[str] = None,
+    threads: Union[str, int] = "1",
+    de_r1: bool = False,
+    de_k8: bool = False,
+    print_simplified_pd: bool = False,
+) -> str:
+    results = _run_cppkh_document(
+        pd_text,
+        encoding=encoding,
+        threads=threads,
+        de_r1=de_r1,
+        de_k8=de_k8,
+        print_simplified_pd=print_simplified_pd,
+    )
+    if len(results) != 1:
+        raise CppkhInterfaceError(f"expected exactly one result, got {len(results)}")
+    return results[0]
+
+
+def _prepare_many_for_cppkh(pd_codes: PdManyInput) -> str:
+    if isinstance(pd_codes, str):
+        return pd_codes.strip()
+    return "\n".join(normalize_pd_code(pd_code) for pd_code in pd_codes)
+
+
+def _compute_one(
+    pd_code: PdInput,
+    *,
+    encoding: Optional[str],
+    de_r1: bool,
+    de_k8: bool,
+    show_real_pdcode: bool,
+    threads: Union[str, int],
+) -> str:
+    document = normalize_pd_code(pd_code)
+    if show_real_pdcode:
+        real_pd = _run_cppkh(
+            document,
+            encoding=encoding,
+            threads=threads,
+            de_r1=de_r1,
+            de_k8=de_k8,
+            print_simplified_pd=True,
+        )
+        display_pd = real_pd if de_r1 and de_k8 else _as_crossings(real_pd)
+        print(f"Real PD code after de_r1 and de_k8: {display_pd}")
+    return _run_cppkh(
+        document,
+        encoding=encoding,
+        threads=threads,
+        de_r1=de_r1,
+        de_k8=de_k8,
+    )
+
+
+def solve_khovanov(
+    pd_code: PdInput,
+    encoding: Optional[str] = None,
+    de_r1: bool = True,
+    de_k8: bool = True,
+    show_real_pdcode: bool = False,
+) -> str:
+    """Compute Khovanov homology with a javakh-interface compatible signature."""
+
+    return _compute_one(
+        pd_code,
+        encoding=encoding,
+        de_r1=de_r1,
+        de_k8=de_k8,
+        show_real_pdcode=show_real_pdcode,
+        threads="1",
+    )
+
+
+def solve_many_khovanov(
+    pd_codes: PdManyInput,
+    encoding: Optional[str] = None,
+    de_r1: bool = True,
+    de_k8: bool = True,
+    show_real_pdcode: bool = False,
+    threads: Union[str, int] = "1",
+) -> list[str]:
+    """Compute many PD codes in one cppkh process.
+
+    With the default ``de_r1=True`` and ``de_k8=True`` settings, the raw PD
+    document is passed directly to cppkh and the C++ simplifier handles R1 then
+    nugatory crossing removal for the whole batch.
+    """
+
+    document = _prepare_many_for_cppkh(pd_codes)
+    if not document:
+        return []
+    if show_real_pdcode:
+        simplified = _run_cppkh_document(
+            document,
+            encoding=encoding,
+            threads=threads,
+            de_r1=de_r1,
+            de_k8=de_k8,
+            print_simplified_pd=True,
+        )
+        print(f"Real PD code after de_r1 and de_k8: {simplified}")
+    return _run_cppkh_document(
+        document,
+        encoding=encoding,
+        threads=threads,
+        de_r1=de_r1,
+        de_k8=de_k8,
+    )
+
+
+def compute_pd(
+    pd_code: PdInput,
+    *,
+    encoding: Optional[str] = None,
+    de_r1: bool = True,
+    de_k8: bool = True,
+    show_real_pdcode: bool = False,
+    threads: Union[str, int] = "1",
+) -> str:
+    """Compute Khovanov homology using the same defaults as solve_khovanov."""
+
+    return _compute_one(
+        pd_code,
+        encoding=encoding,
+        de_r1=de_r1,
+        de_k8=de_k8,
+        show_real_pdcode=show_real_pdcode,
+        threads=threads,
+    )
+
+
+def compute_many_pd(
+    pd_codes: PdManyInput,
+    *,
+    encoding: Optional[str] = None,
+    de_r1: bool = True,
+    de_k8: bool = True,
+    show_real_pdcode: bool = False,
+    threads: Union[str, int] = "1",
+) -> list[str]:
+    """Compute many PD codes in one cached cppkh executable invocation."""
+
+    return solve_many_khovanov(
+        pd_codes,
+        encoding=encoding,
+        de_r1=de_r1,
+        de_k8=de_k8,
+        show_real_pdcode=show_real_pdcode,
+        threads=threads,
+    )
+
+
+def simplify_pd(pd_code: PdInput, *, de_r1: bool = True, de_k8: bool = True) -> str:
+    """Return the normalized PD string after optional R1 and nugatory simplification."""
+
+    return _run_cppkh(
+        normalize_pd_code(pd_code),
+        de_r1=de_r1,
+        de_k8=de_k8,
+        print_simplified_pd=True,
+    )
+
+
+def main(argv: Optional[Sequence[str]] = None) -> int:
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Compute Khovanov homology with cppkh-interface.")
+    parser.add_argument("pd_code", help="PD code as PD[...] text or a Python-style list of crossings.")
+    parser.add_argument("--no-de-r1", action="store_true", help="Disable R1-move removal.")
+    parser.add_argument("--no-de-k8", action="store_true", help="Disable nugatory-crossing removal.")
+    parser.add_argument("--threads", default="1", help="cppkh --threads value for direct compute_pd mode.")
+    args = parser.parse_args(argv)
+    print(
+        compute_pd(
+            args.pd_code,
+            de_r1=not args.no_de_r1,
+            de_k8=not args.no_de_k8,
+            threads=args.threads,
+        )
+    )
+    return 0
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    raise SystemExit(main())