copyparty 1.15.2__py3-none-any.whl → 1.15.4__py3-none-any.whl

copyparty/web/deps/fuse.py

@@ -0,0 +1,1064 @@
+# Copyright (c) 2012 Terence Honles <terence@honles.com> (maintainer)
+# Copyright (c) 2008 Giorgos Verigakis <verigak@gmail.com> (author)
+#
+# Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
+# purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
+# copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
+#
+# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
+# WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
+# MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
+# ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
+# WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
+# ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
+# OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
+
+from __future__ import print_function, absolute_import, division
+
+import ctypes
+import errno
+import logging
+import os
+import warnings
+
+from ctypes.util import find_library
+from platform import machine, system
+from signal import signal, SIGINT, SIG_DFL
+from stat import S_IFDIR
+from traceback import print_exc
+from functools import partial
+basestring = str
+log = logging.getLogger("fuse")
+_system = system()
+_machine = machine()
+
+if _system == 'Windows':
+
+    import sys
+    if sys.maxsize > 0xffffffff:
+        c_win_long = ctypes.c_int64
+        c_win_ulong = ctypes.c_uint64
+    else:
+        c_win_long = ctypes.c_int32
+        c_win_ulong = ctypes.c_uint32
+
+if _system == 'Windows' or _system.startswith('CYGWIN'):
+    class c_timespec(ctypes.Structure):
+        _fields_ = [('tv_sec', c_win_long), ('tv_nsec', c_win_long)]
+else:
+    class c_timespec(ctypes.Structure):
+        _fields_ = [('tv_sec', ctypes.c_long), ('tv_nsec', ctypes.c_long)]
+
+class c_utimbuf(ctypes.Structure):
+    _fields_ = [('actime', c_timespec), ('modtime', c_timespec)]
+
+class c_stat(ctypes.Structure):
+    pass
+
+_libfuse_path = os.environ.get('FUSE_LIBRARY_PATH')
+if not _libfuse_path:
+    if _system == 'Darwin':
+
+        _libiconv = ctypes.CDLL(find_library('iconv'), ctypes.RTLD_GLOBAL)
+
+        _libfuse_path = (find_library('fuse4x') or find_library('osxfuse') or
+                         find_library('fuse'))
+    elif _system == 'Windows':
+        try:
+            import _winreg as reg
+        except ImportError:
+            import winreg as reg
+        def Reg32GetValue(rootkey, keyname, valname):
+            key, val = None, None
+            try:
+                key = reg.OpenKey(rootkey, keyname, 0, reg.KEY_READ | reg.KEY_WOW64_32KEY)
+                val = str(reg.QueryValueEx(key, valname)[0])
+            except WindowsError:
+                pass
+            finally:
+                if key is not None:
+                    reg.CloseKey(key)
+            return val
+        _libfuse_path = Reg32GetValue(reg.HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, r"SOFTWARE\WinFsp", r"InstallDir")
+        if _libfuse_path:
+            _libfuse_path += r"bin\winfsp-%s.dll" % ("x64" if sys.maxsize > 0xffffffff else "x86")
+    else:
+        _libfuse_path = find_library('fuse')
+
+if not _libfuse_path:
+    raise EnvironmentError('Unable to find libfuse')
+else:
+    _libfuse = ctypes.CDLL(_libfuse_path)
+
+if _system == 'Darwin' and hasattr(_libfuse, 'macfuse_version'):
+    _system = 'Darwin-MacFuse'
+
+
+if _system in ('Darwin', 'Darwin-MacFuse', 'FreeBSD'):
+    ENOTSUP = 45
+
+    c_dev_t = ctypes.c_int32
+    c_fsblkcnt_t = ctypes.c_ulong
+    c_fsfilcnt_t = ctypes.c_ulong
+    c_gid_t = ctypes.c_uint32
+    c_mode_t = ctypes.c_uint16
+    c_off_t = ctypes.c_int64
+    c_pid_t = ctypes.c_int32
+    c_uid_t = ctypes.c_uint32
+    setxattr_t = ctypes.CFUNCTYPE(
+        ctypes.c_int, ctypes.c_char_p, ctypes.c_char_p,
+        ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_byte), ctypes.c_size_t, ctypes.c_int,
+        ctypes.c_uint32)
+    getxattr_t = ctypes.CFUNCTYPE(
+        ctypes.c_int, ctypes.c_char_p, ctypes.c_char_p,
+        ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_byte),
+        ctypes.c_size_t, ctypes.c_uint32)
+    if _system == 'Darwin':
+        c_stat._fields_ = [
+            ('st_dev', c_dev_t),
+            ('st_mode', c_mode_t),
+            ('st_nlink', ctypes.c_uint16),
+            ('st_ino', ctypes.c_uint64),
+            ('st_uid', c_uid_t),
+            ('st_gid', c_gid_t),
+            ('st_rdev', c_dev_t),
+            ('st_atimespec', c_timespec),
+            ('st_mtimespec', c_timespec),
+            ('st_ctimespec', c_timespec),
+            ('st_birthtimespec', c_timespec),
+            ('st_size', c_off_t),
+            ('st_blocks', ctypes.c_int64),
+            ('st_blksize', ctypes.c_int32),
+            ('st_flags', ctypes.c_int32),
+            ('st_gen', ctypes.c_int32),
+            ('st_lspare', ctypes.c_int32),
+            ('st_qspare', ctypes.c_int64)]
+    else:
+        c_stat._fields_ = [
+            ('st_dev', c_dev_t),
+            ('st_ino', ctypes.c_uint32),
+            ('st_mode', c_mode_t),
+            ('st_nlink', ctypes.c_uint16),
+            ('st_uid', c_uid_t),
+            ('st_gid', c_gid_t),
+            ('st_rdev', c_dev_t),
+            ('st_atimespec', c_timespec),
+            ('st_mtimespec', c_timespec),
+            ('st_ctimespec', c_timespec),
+            ('st_size', c_off_t),
+            ('st_blocks', ctypes.c_int64),
+            ('st_blksize', ctypes.c_int32)]
+elif _system == 'Linux':
+    ENOTSUP = 95
+
+    c_dev_t = ctypes.c_ulonglong
+    c_fsblkcnt_t = ctypes.c_ulonglong
+    c_fsfilcnt_t = ctypes.c_ulonglong
+    c_gid_t = ctypes.c_uint
+    c_mode_t = ctypes.c_uint
+    c_off_t = ctypes.c_longlong
+    c_pid_t = ctypes.c_int
+    c_uid_t = ctypes.c_uint
+    setxattr_t = ctypes.CFUNCTYPE(
+        ctypes.c_int, ctypes.c_char_p, ctypes.c_char_p,
+        ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_byte), ctypes.c_size_t, ctypes.c_int)
+
+    getxattr_t = ctypes.CFUNCTYPE(
+        ctypes.c_int, ctypes.c_char_p, ctypes.c_char_p,
+        ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_byte), ctypes.c_size_t)
+
+    if _machine == 'x86_64':
+        c_stat._fields_ = [
+            ('st_dev', c_dev_t),
+            ('st_ino', ctypes.c_ulong),
+            ('st_nlink', ctypes.c_ulong),
+            ('st_mode', c_mode_t),
+            ('st_uid', c_uid_t),
+            ('st_gid', c_gid_t),
+            ('__pad0', ctypes.c_int),
+            ('st_rdev', c_dev_t),
+            ('st_size', c_off_t),
+            ('st_blksize', ctypes.c_long),
+            ('st_blocks', ctypes.c_long),
+            ('st_atimespec', c_timespec),
+            ('st_mtimespec', c_timespec),
+            ('st_ctimespec', c_timespec)]
+    elif _machine == 'aarch64':
+        c_stat._fields_ = [
+            ('st_dev', c_dev_t),
+            ('st_ino', ctypes.c_ulong),
+            ('st_mode', c_mode_t),
+            ('st_nlink', ctypes.c_uint),
+            ('st_uid', c_uid_t),
+            ('st_gid', c_gid_t),
+            ('st_rdev', c_dev_t),
+            ('__pad1', ctypes.c_ulong),
+            ('st_size', c_off_t),
+            ('st_blksize', ctypes.c_int),
+            ('__pad2', ctypes.c_int),
+            ('st_blocks', ctypes.c_long),
+            ('st_atimespec', c_timespec),
+            ('st_mtimespec', c_timespec),
+            ('st_ctimespec', c_timespec)]
+    else:
+
+        c_stat._fields_ = [
+            ('st_dev', c_dev_t),
+            ('__pad1', ctypes.c_ushort),
+            ('__st_ino', ctypes.c_ulong),
+            ('st_mode', c_mode_t),
+            ('st_nlink', ctypes.c_uint),
+            ('st_uid', c_uid_t),
+            ('st_gid', c_gid_t),
+            ('st_rdev', c_dev_t),
+            ('__pad2', ctypes.c_ushort),
+            ('st_size', c_off_t),
+            ('st_blksize', ctypes.c_long),
+            ('st_blocks', ctypes.c_longlong),
+            ('st_atimespec', c_timespec),
+            ('st_mtimespec', c_timespec),
+            ('st_ctimespec', c_timespec),
+            ('st_ino', ctypes.c_ulonglong)]
+elif _system == 'Windows' or _system.startswith('CYGWIN'):
+    ENOTSUP = 129 if _system == 'Windows' else 134
+    c_dev_t = ctypes.c_uint
+    c_fsblkcnt_t = c_win_ulong
+    c_fsfilcnt_t = c_win_ulong
+    c_gid_t = ctypes.c_uint
+    c_mode_t = ctypes.c_uint
+    c_off_t = ctypes.c_longlong
+    c_pid_t = ctypes.c_int
+    c_uid_t = ctypes.c_uint
+    setxattr_t = ctypes.CFUNCTYPE(ctypes.c_int, ctypes.c_char_p, ctypes.c_char_p,
+        ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_byte), ctypes.c_size_t, ctypes.c_int)
+    getxattr_t = ctypes.CFUNCTYPE(ctypes.c_int, ctypes.c_char_p, ctypes.c_char_p,
+        ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_byte), ctypes.c_size_t)
+    c_stat._fields_ = [
+        ('st_dev', c_dev_t),
+        ('st_ino', ctypes.c_ulonglong),
+        ('st_mode', c_mode_t),
+        ('st_nlink', ctypes.c_ushort),
+        ('st_uid', c_uid_t),
+        ('st_gid', c_gid_t),
+        ('st_rdev', c_dev_t),
+        ('st_size', c_off_t),
+        ('st_atimespec', c_timespec),
+        ('st_mtimespec', c_timespec),
+        ('st_ctimespec', c_timespec),
+        ('st_blksize', ctypes.c_int),
+        ('st_blocks', ctypes.c_longlong),
+        ('st_birthtimespec', c_timespec)]
+else:
+    raise NotImplementedError('%s is not supported.' % _system)
+
+
+if _system == 'FreeBSD':
+    c_fsblkcnt_t = ctypes.c_uint64
+    c_fsfilcnt_t = ctypes.c_uint64
+    setxattr_t = ctypes.CFUNCTYPE(
+        ctypes.c_int, ctypes.c_char_p, ctypes.c_char_p,
+        ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_byte), ctypes.c_size_t, ctypes.c_int)
+
+    getxattr_t = ctypes.CFUNCTYPE(
+        ctypes.c_int, ctypes.c_char_p, ctypes.c_char_p,
+        ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_byte), ctypes.c_size_t)
+
+    class c_statvfs(ctypes.Structure):
+        _fields_ = [
+            ('f_bavail', c_fsblkcnt_t),
+            ('f_bfree', c_fsblkcnt_t),
+            ('f_blocks', c_fsblkcnt_t),
+            ('f_favail', c_fsfilcnt_t),
+            ('f_ffree', c_fsfilcnt_t),
+            ('f_files', c_fsfilcnt_t),
+            ('f_bsize', ctypes.c_ulong),
+            ('f_flag', ctypes.c_ulong),
+            ('f_frsize', ctypes.c_ulong)]
+elif _system == 'Windows' or _system.startswith('CYGWIN'):
+    class c_statvfs(ctypes.Structure):
+        _fields_ = [
+            ('f_bsize', c_win_ulong),
+            ('f_frsize', c_win_ulong),
+            ('f_blocks', c_fsblkcnt_t),
+            ('f_bfree', c_fsblkcnt_t),
+            ('f_bavail', c_fsblkcnt_t),
+            ('f_files', c_fsfilcnt_t),
+            ('f_ffree', c_fsfilcnt_t),
+            ('f_favail', c_fsfilcnt_t),
+            ('f_fsid', c_win_ulong),
+            ('f_flag', c_win_ulong),
+            ('f_namemax', c_win_ulong)]
+else:
+    class c_statvfs(ctypes.Structure):
+        _fields_ = [
+            ('f_bsize', ctypes.c_ulong),
+            ('f_frsize', ctypes.c_ulong),
+            ('f_blocks', c_fsblkcnt_t),
+            ('f_bfree', c_fsblkcnt_t),
+            ('f_bavail', c_fsblkcnt_t),
+            ('f_files', c_fsfilcnt_t),
+            ('f_ffree', c_fsfilcnt_t),
+            ('f_favail', c_fsfilcnt_t),
+            ('f_fsid', ctypes.c_ulong),
+
+            ('f_flag', ctypes.c_ulong),
+            ('f_namemax', ctypes.c_ulong)]
+
+if _system == 'Windows' or _system.startswith('CYGWIN'):
+    class fuse_file_info(ctypes.Structure):
+        _fields_ = [
+            ('flags', ctypes.c_int),
+            ('fh_old', ctypes.c_int),
+            ('writepage', ctypes.c_int),
+            ('direct_io', ctypes.c_uint, 1),
+            ('keep_cache', ctypes.c_uint, 1),
+            ('flush', ctypes.c_uint, 1),
+            ('padding', ctypes.c_uint, 29),
+            ('fh', ctypes.c_uint64),
+            ('lock_owner', ctypes.c_uint64)]
+else:
+    class fuse_file_info(ctypes.Structure):
+        _fields_ = [
+            ('flags', ctypes.c_int),
+            ('fh_old', ctypes.c_ulong),
+            ('writepage', ctypes.c_int),
+            ('direct_io', ctypes.c_uint, 1),
+            ('keep_cache', ctypes.c_uint, 1),
+            ('flush', ctypes.c_uint, 1),
+            ('nonseekable', ctypes.c_uint, 1),
+            ('flock_release', ctypes.c_uint, 1),
+            ('padding', ctypes.c_uint, 27),
+            ('fh', ctypes.c_uint64),
+            ('lock_owner', ctypes.c_uint64)]
+
+class fuse_context(ctypes.Structure):
+    _fields_ = [
+        ('fuse', ctypes.c_voidp),
+        ('uid', c_uid_t),
+        ('gid', c_gid_t),
+        ('pid', c_pid_t),
+        ('private_data', ctypes.c_voidp)]
+
+_libfuse.fuse_get_context.restype = ctypes.POINTER(fuse_context)
+
+
+class fuse_operations(ctypes.Structure):
+    _fields_ = [
+        ('getattr', ctypes.CFUNCTYPE(
+            ctypes.c_int, ctypes.c_char_p, ctypes.POINTER(c_stat))),
+
+        ('readlink', ctypes.CFUNCTYPE(
+            ctypes.c_int, ctypes.c_char_p, ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_byte),
+            ctypes.c_size_t)),
+
+        ('getdir', ctypes.c_voidp),
+
+        ('mknod', ctypes.CFUNCTYPE(
+            ctypes.c_int, ctypes.c_char_p, c_mode_t, c_dev_t)),
+
+        ('mkdir', ctypes.CFUNCTYPE(ctypes.c_int, ctypes.c_char_p, c_mode_t)),
+        ('unlink', ctypes.CFUNCTYPE(ctypes.c_int, ctypes.c_char_p)),
+        ('rmdir', ctypes.CFUNCTYPE(ctypes.c_int, ctypes.c_char_p)),
+
+        ('symlink', ctypes.CFUNCTYPE(
+            ctypes.c_int, ctypes.c_char_p, ctypes.c_char_p)),
+
+        ('rename', ctypes.CFUNCTYPE(
+            ctypes.c_int, ctypes.c_char_p, ctypes.c_char_p)),
+
+        ('link', ctypes.CFUNCTYPE(
+            ctypes.c_int, ctypes.c_char_p, ctypes.c_char_p)),
+
+        ('chmod', ctypes.CFUNCTYPE(ctypes.c_int, ctypes.c_char_p, c_mode_t)),
+
+        ('chown', ctypes.CFUNCTYPE(
+            ctypes.c_int, ctypes.c_char_p, c_uid_t, c_gid_t)),
+
+        ('truncate', ctypes.CFUNCTYPE(
+            ctypes.c_int, ctypes.c_char_p, c_off_t)),
+
+        ('utime', ctypes.c_voidp),
+        ('open', ctypes.CFUNCTYPE(
+            ctypes.c_int, ctypes.c_char_p, ctypes.POINTER(fuse_file_info))),
+
+        ('read', ctypes.CFUNCTYPE(
+            ctypes.c_int, ctypes.c_char_p, ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_byte),
+            ctypes.c_size_t, c_off_t, ctypes.POINTER(fuse_file_info))),
+
+        ('write', ctypes.CFUNCTYPE(
+            ctypes.c_int, ctypes.c_char_p, ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_byte),
+            ctypes.c_size_t, c_off_t, ctypes.POINTER(fuse_file_info))),
+
+        ('statfs', ctypes.CFUNCTYPE(
+            ctypes.c_int, ctypes.c_char_p, ctypes.POINTER(c_statvfs))),
+
+        ('flush', ctypes.CFUNCTYPE(
+            ctypes.c_int, ctypes.c_char_p, ctypes.POINTER(fuse_file_info))),
+
+        ('release', ctypes.CFUNCTYPE(
+            ctypes.c_int, ctypes.c_char_p, ctypes.POINTER(fuse_file_info))),
+
+        ('fsync', ctypes.CFUNCTYPE(
+            ctypes.c_int, ctypes.c_char_p, ctypes.c_int,
+            ctypes.POINTER(fuse_file_info))),
+
+        ('setxattr', setxattr_t),
+        ('getxattr', getxattr_t),
+
+        ('listxattr', ctypes.CFUNCTYPE(
+            ctypes.c_int, ctypes.c_char_p, ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_byte),
+            ctypes.c_size_t)),
+
+        ('removexattr', ctypes.CFUNCTYPE(
+            ctypes.c_int, ctypes.c_char_p, ctypes.c_char_p)),
+
+        ('opendir', ctypes.CFUNCTYPE(
+            ctypes.c_int, ctypes.c_char_p, ctypes.POINTER(fuse_file_info))),
+
+        ('readdir', ctypes.CFUNCTYPE(
+            ctypes.c_int,
+            ctypes.c_char_p,
+            ctypes.c_voidp,
+            ctypes.CFUNCTYPE(
+                ctypes.c_int, ctypes.c_voidp, ctypes.c_char_p,
+                ctypes.POINTER(c_stat), c_off_t),
+            c_off_t,
+            ctypes.POINTER(fuse_file_info))),
+
+        ('releasedir', ctypes.CFUNCTYPE(
+            ctypes.c_int, ctypes.c_char_p, ctypes.POINTER(fuse_file_info))),
+
+        ('fsyncdir', ctypes.CFUNCTYPE(
+            ctypes.c_int, ctypes.c_char_p, ctypes.c_int,
+            ctypes.POINTER(fuse_file_info))),
+
+        ('init', ctypes.CFUNCTYPE(ctypes.c_voidp, ctypes.c_voidp)),
+        ('destroy', ctypes.CFUNCTYPE(ctypes.c_voidp, ctypes.c_voidp)),
+
+        ('access', ctypes.CFUNCTYPE(
+            ctypes.c_int, ctypes.c_char_p, ctypes.c_int)),
+
+        ('create', ctypes.CFUNCTYPE(
+            ctypes.c_int, ctypes.c_char_p, c_mode_t,
+            ctypes.POINTER(fuse_file_info))),
+
+        ('ftruncate', ctypes.CFUNCTYPE(
+            ctypes.c_int, ctypes.c_char_p, c_off_t,
+            ctypes.POINTER(fuse_file_info))),
+
+        ('fgetattr', ctypes.CFUNCTYPE(
+            ctypes.c_int, ctypes.c_char_p, ctypes.POINTER(c_stat),
+            ctypes.POINTER(fuse_file_info))),
+
+        ('lock', ctypes.CFUNCTYPE(
+            ctypes.c_int, ctypes.c_char_p, ctypes.POINTER(fuse_file_info),
+            ctypes.c_int, ctypes.c_voidp)),
+
+        ('utimens', ctypes.CFUNCTYPE(
+            ctypes.c_int, ctypes.c_char_p, ctypes.POINTER(c_utimbuf))),
+
+        ('bmap', ctypes.CFUNCTYPE(
+            ctypes.c_int, ctypes.c_char_p, ctypes.c_size_t,
+            ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_ulonglong))),
+
+        ('flag_nullpath_ok', ctypes.c_uint, 1),
+        ('flag_nopath', ctypes.c_uint, 1),
+        ('flag_utime_omit_ok', ctypes.c_uint, 1),
+        ('flag_reserved', ctypes.c_uint, 29),
+
+        ('ioctl', ctypes.CFUNCTYPE(
+            ctypes.c_int, ctypes.c_char_p, ctypes.c_uint, ctypes.c_void_p,
+            ctypes.POINTER(fuse_file_info), ctypes.c_uint, ctypes.c_void_p)),
+    ]
+
+
+def time_of_timespec(ts, use_ns=False):
+    if use_ns:
+        return ts.tv_sec * 10 ** 9 + ts.tv_nsec
+    else:
+        return ts.tv_sec + ts.tv_nsec / 1E9
+
+def set_st_attrs(st, attrs, use_ns=False):
+    for key, val in attrs.items():
+        if key in ('st_atime', 'st_mtime', 'st_ctime', 'st_birthtime'):
+            timespec = getattr(st, key + 'spec', None)
+            if timespec is None:
+                continue
+
+            if use_ns:
+                timespec.tv_sec, timespec.tv_nsec = divmod(int(val), 10 ** 9)
+            else:
+                timespec.tv_sec = int(val)
+                timespec.tv_nsec = int((val - timespec.tv_sec) * 1E9)
+        elif hasattr(st, key):
+            setattr(st, key, val)
+
+
+def fuse_get_context():
+    "a"
+
+    ctxp = _libfuse.fuse_get_context()
+    ctx = ctxp.contents
+    return ctx.uid, ctx.gid, ctx.pid
+
+
+def fuse_exit():
+    "a"
+    fuse_ptr = ctypes.c_void_p(_libfuse.fuse_get_context().contents.fuse)
+    _libfuse.fuse_exit(fuse_ptr)
+
+
+class FuseOSError(OSError):
+    def __init__(self, errno):
+        super(FuseOSError, self).__init__(errno, os.strerror(errno))
+
+
+class FUSE(object):
+    "a"
+
+    OPTIONS = (
+        ('foreground', '-f'),
+        ('debug', '-d'),
+        ('nothreads', '-s'),
+    )
+
+    def __init__(self, operations, mountpoint, raw_fi=False, encoding='utf-8',
+                 **kwargs):
+
+        "a"
+
+        self.operations = operations
+        self.raw_fi = raw_fi
+        self.encoding = encoding
+        self.__critical_exception = None
+
+        self.use_ns = getattr(operations, 'use_ns', False)
+
+        args = ['fuse']
+
+        args.extend(flag for arg, flag in self.OPTIONS
+                    if kwargs.pop(arg, False))
+
+        kwargs.setdefault('fsname', operations.__class__.__name__)
+        args.append('-o')
+        args.append(','.join(self._normalize_fuse_options(**kwargs)))
+        args.append(mountpoint)
+
+        args = [arg.encode(encoding) for arg in args]
+        argv = (ctypes.c_char_p * len(args))(*args)
+
+        fuse_ops = fuse_operations()
+        for ent in fuse_operations._fields_:
+            name, prototype = ent[:2]
+
+            check_name = name
+
+            if check_name in ["ftruncate", "fgetattr"]:
+                check_name = check_name[1:]
+
+            val = getattr(operations, check_name, None)
+            if val is None:
+                continue
+
+            if hasattr(prototype, 'argtypes'):
+                val = prototype(partial(self._wrapper, getattr(self, name)))
+
+            setattr(fuse_ops, name, val)
+
+        try:
+            old_handler = signal(SIGINT, SIG_DFL)
+        except ValueError:
+            old_handler = SIG_DFL
+
+        err = _libfuse.fuse_main_real(
+            len(args), argv, ctypes.pointer(fuse_ops),
+            ctypes.sizeof(fuse_ops),
+            None)
+
+        try:
+            signal(SIGINT, old_handler)
+        except ValueError:
+            pass
+
+        del self.operations
+        if self.__critical_exception:
+            raise self.__critical_exception
+        if err:
+            raise RuntimeError(err)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _normalize_fuse_options(**kargs):
+        for key, value in kargs.items():
+            if isinstance(value, bool):
+                if value is True:
+                    yield key
+            else:
+                yield '%s=%s' % (key, value)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _wrapper(func, *args, **kwargs):
+        "a"
+
+        try:
+            if func.__name__ == "init":
+
+                return func(*args, **kwargs) or 0
+
+            else:
+                try:
+                    return func(*args, **kwargs) or 0
+
+                except OSError as e:
+                    if e.errno > 0:
+                        log.debug(
+                            "FUSE operation %s raised a %s, returning errno %s.",
+                            func.__name__, type(e), e.errno, exc_info=True)
+                        return -e.errno
+                    else:
+                        log.error(
+                            "FUSE operation %s raised an OSError with negative "
+                            "errno %s, returning errno.EINVAL.",
+                            func.__name__, e.errno, exc_info=True)
+                        return -errno.EINVAL
+
+                except Exception:
+                    log.error("Uncaught exception from FUSE operation %s, "
+                              "returning errno.EINVAL.",
+                              func.__name__, exc_info=True)
+                    return -errno.EINVAL
+
+        except BaseException as e:
+            log.critical(
+                "Uncaught critical exception from FUSE operation %s, aborting.",
+                func.__name__, exc_info=True)
+
+            fuse_exit()
+            return -errno.EFAULT
+
+    def _decode_optional_path(self, path):
+
+        if path is None:
+            return None
+        return path.decode(self.encoding)
+
+    def getattr(self, path, buf):
+        return self.fgetattr(path, buf, None)
+
+    def readlink(self, path, buf, bufsize):
+        ret = self.operations('readlink', path.decode(self.encoding))                  .encode(self.encoding)
+
+        data = ctypes.create_string_buffer(ret[:bufsize - 1])
+        ctypes.memmove(buf, data, len(data))
+        return 0
+
+    def mknod(self, path, mode, dev):
+        return self.operations('mknod', path.decode(self.encoding), mode, dev)
+
+    def mkdir(self, path, mode):
+        return self.operations('mkdir', path.decode(self.encoding), mode)
+
+    def unlink(self, path):
+        return self.operations('unlink', path.decode(self.encoding))
+
+    def rmdir(self, path):
+        return self.operations('rmdir', path.decode(self.encoding))
+
+    def symlink(self, source, target):
+        "a"
+
+        return self.operations('symlink', target.decode(self.encoding),
+                                          source.decode(self.encoding))
+
+    def rename(self, old, new):
+        return self.operations('rename', old.decode(self.encoding),
+                                         new.decode(self.encoding))
+
+    def link(self, source, target):
+        "a"
+
+        return self.operations('link', target.decode(self.encoding),
+                                       source.decode(self.encoding))
+
+    def chmod(self, path, mode):
+        return self.operations('chmod', path.decode(self.encoding), mode)
+
+    def chown(self, path, uid, gid):
+
+        if c_uid_t(uid + 1).value == 0:
+            uid = -1
+        if c_gid_t(gid + 1).value == 0:
+            gid = -1
+
+        return self.operations('chown', path.decode(self.encoding), uid, gid)
+
+    def truncate(self, path, length):
+        return self.operations('truncate', path.decode(self.encoding), length)
+
+    def open(self, path, fip):
+        fi = fip.contents
+        if self.raw_fi:
+            return self.operations('open', path.decode(self.encoding), fi)
+        else:
+            fi.fh = self.operations('open', path.decode(self.encoding),
+                                            fi.flags)
+
+            return 0
+
+    def read(self, path, buf, size, offset, fip):
+        if self.raw_fi:
+          fh = fip.contents
+        else:
+          fh = fip.contents.fh
+
+        ret = self.operations('read', self._decode_optional_path(path), size,
+                                      offset, fh)
+
+        if not ret:
+            return 0
+
+        retsize = len(ret)
+        assert retsize <= size,            'actual amount read %d greater than expected %d' % (retsize, size)
+
+        ctypes.memmove(buf, ret, retsize)
+        return retsize
+
+    def write(self, path, buf, size, offset, fip):
+        data = ctypes.string_at(buf, size)
+
+        if self.raw_fi:
+            fh = fip.contents
+        else:
+            fh = fip.contents.fh
+
+        return self.operations('write', self._decode_optional_path(path), data,
+                                        offset, fh)
+
+    def statfs(self, path, buf):
+        stv = buf.contents
+        attrs = self.operations('statfs', path.decode(self.encoding))
+        for key, val in attrs.items():
+            if hasattr(stv, key):
+                setattr(stv, key, val)
+
+        return 0
+
+    def flush(self, path, fip):
+        if self.raw_fi:
+            fh = fip.contents
+        else:
+            fh = fip.contents.fh
+
+        return self.operations('flush', self._decode_optional_path(path), fh)
+
+    def release(self, path, fip):
+        if self.raw_fi:
+          fh = fip.contents
+        else:
+          fh = fip.contents.fh
+
+        return self.operations('release', self._decode_optional_path(path), fh)
+
+    def fsync(self, path, datasync, fip):
+        if self.raw_fi:
+            fh = fip.contents
+        else:
+            fh = fip.contents.fh
+
+        return self.operations('fsync', self._decode_optional_path(path), datasync,
+                                        fh)
+
+    def setxattr(self, path, name, value, size, options, *args):
+        return self.operations('setxattr', path.decode(self.encoding),
+                               name.decode(self.encoding),
+                               ctypes.string_at(value, size), options, *args)
+
+    def getxattr(self, path, name, value, size, *args):
+        ret = self.operations('getxattr', path.decode(self.encoding),
+                                          name.decode(self.encoding), *args)
+
+        retsize = len(ret)
+
+        if not value:
+            return retsize
+
+        if retsize > size:
+            return -errno.ERANGE
+
+        buf = ctypes.create_string_buffer(ret, retsize)
+        ctypes.memmove(value, buf, retsize)
+
+        return retsize
+
+    def listxattr(self, path, namebuf, size):
+        attrs = self.operations('listxattr', path.decode(self.encoding)) or ''
+        ret = '\x00'.join(attrs).encode(self.encoding)
+        if len(ret) > 0:
+            ret += '\x00'.encode(self.encoding)
+
+        retsize = len(ret)
+
+        if not namebuf:
+            return retsize
+
+        if retsize > size:
+            return -errno.ERANGE
+
+        buf = ctypes.create_string_buffer(ret, retsize)
+        ctypes.memmove(namebuf, buf, retsize)
+
+        return retsize
+
+    def removexattr(self, path, name):
+        return self.operations('removexattr', path.decode(self.encoding),
+                                              name.decode(self.encoding))
+
+    def opendir(self, path, fip):
+
+        fip.contents.fh = self.operations('opendir',
+                                          path.decode(self.encoding))
+
+        return 0
+
+    def readdir(self, path, buf, filler, offset, fip):
+
+        for item in self.operations('readdir', self._decode_optional_path(path),
+                                               fip.contents.fh):
+
+            if isinstance(item, basestring):
+                name, st, offset = item, None, 0
+            else:
+                name, attrs, offset = item
+                if attrs:
+                    st = c_stat()
+                    set_st_attrs(st, attrs, use_ns=self.use_ns)
+                else:
+                    st = None
+
+            if filler(buf, name.encode(self.encoding), st, offset) != 0:
+                break
+
+        return 0
+
+    def releasedir(self, path, fip):
+
+        return self.operations('releasedir', self._decode_optional_path(path),
+                                             fip.contents.fh)
+
+    def fsyncdir(self, path, datasync, fip):
+
+        return self.operations('fsyncdir', self._decode_optional_path(path),
+                                           datasync, fip.contents.fh)
+
+    def init(self, conn):
+        return self.operations('init', '/')
+
+    def destroy(self, private_data):
+        return self.operations('destroy', '/')
+
+    def access(self, path, amode):
+        return self.operations('access', path.decode(self.encoding), amode)
+
+    def create(self, path, mode, fip):
+        fi = fip.contents
+        path = path.decode(self.encoding)
+
+        if self.raw_fi:
+            return self.operations('create', path, mode, fi)
+        else:
+            fi.fh = self.operations('create', path, mode)
+            return 0
+
+    def ftruncate(self, path, length, fip):
+        if self.raw_fi:
+            fh = fip.contents
+        else:
+            fh = fip.contents.fh
+
+        return self.operations('truncate', self._decode_optional_path(path),
+                                           length, fh)
+
+    def fgetattr(self, path, buf, fip):
+        ctypes.memset(buf, 0, ctypes.sizeof(c_stat))
+
+        st = buf.contents
+        if not fip:
+            fh = fip
+        elif self.raw_fi:
+            fh = fip.contents
+        else:
+            fh = fip.contents.fh
+
+        attrs = self.operations('getattr', self._decode_optional_path(path), fh)
+        set_st_attrs(st, attrs, use_ns=self.use_ns)
+        return 0
+
+    def lock(self, path, fip, cmd, lock):
+        if self.raw_fi:
+            fh = fip.contents
+        else:
+            fh = fip.contents.fh
+
+        return self.operations('lock', self._decode_optional_path(path), fh, cmd,
+                                       lock)
+
+    def utimens(self, path, buf):
+        if buf:
+            atime = time_of_timespec(buf.contents.actime, use_ns=self.use_ns)
+            mtime = time_of_timespec(buf.contents.modtime, use_ns=self.use_ns)
+            times = (atime, mtime)
+        else:
+            times = None
+
+        return self.operations('utimens', path.decode(self.encoding), times)
+
+    def bmap(self, path, blocksize, idx):
+        return self.operations('bmap', path.decode(self.encoding), blocksize,
+                                       idx)
+
+    def ioctl(self, path, cmd, arg, fip, flags, data):
+        if self.raw_fi:
+          fh = fip.contents
+        else:
+          fh = fip.contents.fh
+
+        return self.operations('ioctl', path.decode(self.encoding),
+            cmd, arg, fh, flags, data)
+
+class Operations(object):
+    "a"
+
+    def __call__(self, op, *args):
+        if not hasattr(self, op):
+            raise FuseOSError(errno.EFAULT)
+        return getattr(self, op)(*args)
+
+    def access(self, path, amode):
+        return 0
+
+    bmap = None
+
+    def chmod(self, path, mode):
+        raise FuseOSError(errno.EROFS)
+
+    def chown(self, path, uid, gid):
+        raise FuseOSError(errno.EROFS)
+
+    def create(self, path, mode, fi=None):
+        "a"
+
+        raise FuseOSError(errno.EROFS)
+
+    def destroy(self, path):
+        "a"
+
+        pass
+
+    def flush(self, path, fh):
+        return 0
+
+    def fsync(self, path, datasync, fh):
+        return 0
+
+    def fsyncdir(self, path, datasync, fh):
+        return 0
+
+    def getattr(self, path, fh=None):
+        "a"
+
+        if path != '/':
+            raise FuseOSError(errno.ENOENT)
+        return dict(st_mode=(S_IFDIR | 0o755), st_nlink=2)
+
+    def getxattr(self, path, name, position=0):
+        raise FuseOSError(ENOTSUP)
+
+    def init(self, path):
+        "a"
+
+        pass
+
+    def ioctl(self, path, cmd, arg, fip, flags, data):
+        raise FuseOSError(errno.ENOTTY)
+
+    def link(self, target, source):
+        "a"
+
+        raise FuseOSError(errno.EROFS)
+
+    def listxattr(self, path):
+        return []
+
+    lock = None
+
+    def mkdir(self, path, mode):
+        raise FuseOSError(errno.EROFS)
+
+    def mknod(self, path, mode, dev):
+        raise FuseOSError(errno.EROFS)
+
+    def open(self, path, flags):
+        "a"
+
+        return 0
+
+    def opendir(self, path):
+        "a"
+
+        return 0
+
+    def read(self, path, size, offset, fh):
+        "a"
+
+        raise FuseOSError(errno.EIO)
+
+    def readdir(self, path, fh):
+        "a"
+
+        return ['.', '..']
+
+    def readlink(self, path):
+        raise FuseOSError(errno.ENOENT)
+
+    def release(self, path, fh):
+        return 0
+
+    def releasedir(self, path, fh):
+        return 0
+
+    def removexattr(self, path, name):
+        raise FuseOSError(ENOTSUP)
+
+    def rename(self, old, new):
+        raise FuseOSError(errno.EROFS)
+
+    def rmdir(self, path):
+        raise FuseOSError(errno.EROFS)
+
+    def setxattr(self, path, name, value, options, position=0):
+        raise FuseOSError(ENOTSUP)
+
+    def statfs(self, path):
+        "a"
+
+        return {}
+
+    def symlink(self, target, source):
+        "a"
+
+        raise FuseOSError(errno.EROFS)
+
+    def truncate(self, path, length, fh=None):
+        raise FuseOSError(errno.EROFS)
+
+    def unlink(self, path):
+        raise FuseOSError(errno.EROFS)
+
+    def utimens(self, path, times=None):
+        "a"
+
+        return 0
+
+    def write(self, path, data, offset, fh):
+        raise FuseOSError(errno.EROFS)
+
+