claude-mpm 5.4.41__py3-none-any.whl → 5.6.72__py3-none-any.whl

claude_mpm/skills/bundled/testing/test-driven-development/references/workflow.md

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+# Complete TDD Workflow
+
+> **Part of**: [Test-Driven Development](../SKILL.md)
+> **Category**: testing
+> **Reading Level**: Intermediate
+
+## Purpose
+
+Complete step-by-step workflow for the RED/GREEN/REFACTOR cycle, with detailed instructions, examples, and verification criteria for each phase.
+
+## The Complete Cycle
+
+```
+┌──────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
+│                   TDD CYCLE                          │
+├──────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
+│                                                      │
+│  RED: Write Failing Test                            │
+│    ↓                                                 │
+│  VERIFY RED: Watch it fail correctly                │
+│    ↓                                                 │
+│  GREEN: Minimal implementation                      │
+│    ↓                                                 │
+│  VERIFY GREEN: Watch it pass                        │
+│    ↓                                                 │
+│  REFACTOR: Improve code (optional)                  │
+│    ↓                                                 │
+│  REPEAT: Next test for next feature                 │
+│                                                      │
+└──────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
+```
+
+## Phase 1: RED - Write Failing Test
+
+### Goal
+Create one minimal test that describes desired behavior.
+
+### Steps
+
+**1. Identify Single Behavior**
+```
+Ask: What is ONE thing this code should do?
+Not: "Handle user authentication and authorization and validation"
+But: "Validate email format"
+```
+
+**2. Write Clear Test Name**
+```typescript
+// Good: Describes behavior
+test('rejects email without @ symbol', () => {})
+test('accepts valid email format', () => {})
+test('trims whitespace from email', () => {})
+
+// Bad: Vague or implementation-focused
+test('test1', () => {})
+test('email validation works', () => {})
+test('uses regex pattern', () => {})
+```
+
+**3. Write Test Body**
+
+**Structure:**
+```typescript
+test('behavior description', () => {
+  // Arrange: Set up test data
+  const input = 'test data';
+
+  // Act: Call the function
+  const result = functionUnderTest(input);
+
+  // Assert: Verify behavior
+  expect(result).toBe(expected);
+});
+```
+
+**Good Example:**
+```typescript
+test('retries failed operations 3 times', async () => {
+  let attempts = 0;
+  const operation = () => {
+    attempts++;
+    if (attempts < 3) throw new Error('fail');
+    return 'success';
+  };
+
+  const result = await retryOperation(operation);
+
+  expect(result).toBe('success');
+  expect(attempts).toBe(3);
+});
+```
+
+**Bad Example:**
+```typescript
+test('retry works', async () => {
+  const mock = jest.fn()
+    .mockRejectedValueOnce(new Error())
+    .mockRejectedValueOnce(new Error())
+    .mockResolvedValueOnce('success');
+  await retryOperation(mock);
+  expect(mock).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(3);
+});
+// Problem: Tests mock behavior, not real code
+```
+
+### Test Quality Checklist
+
+- [ ] Tests ONE behavior
+- [ ] Name clearly describes what should happen
+- [ ] Uses real code (mocks only if unavoidable)
+- [ ] Arrange/Act/Assert structure clear
+- [ ] Easy to understand what's being tested
+
+## Phase 2: VERIFY RED - Watch It Fail
+
+### Goal
+Confirm test fails for the RIGHT reason.
+
+### Steps
+
+**1. Run Test**
+```bash
+# Run specific test file
+npm test path/to/test.test.ts
+
+# Or run single test
+npm test -- -t "behavior description"
+```
+
+**2. Verify Failure Type**
+
+**✓ Good Failure (Feature Missing):**
+```
+FAIL: retries failed operations 3 times
+ReferenceError: retryOperation is not defined
+
+Expected: 'success'
+Received: undefined
+```
+
+**✗ Bad Failure (Test Error):**
+```
+FAIL: retries failed operations 3 times
+SyntaxError: Unexpected token
+TypeError: Cannot read property 'x' of undefined
+```
+
+**✗ Bad Outcome (Test Passes):**
+```
+PASS: retries failed operations 3 times
+```
+→ You're testing existing behavior, not new feature
+
+### What to Check
+
+| Outcome | Meaning | Action |
+|---------|---------|--------|
+| Test fails with "not defined" | ✓ Good - feature missing | Proceed to GREEN |
+| Test fails with "Expected X, got Y" | ✓ Good - behavior wrong | Proceed to GREEN |
+| Test errors (syntax, type) | ✗ Fix test | Fix error, rerun VERIFY RED |
+| Test passes | ✗ Testing existing behavior | Rewrite test for NEW behavior |
+
+### Common Issues
+
+**Issue: Test Passes Immediately**
+
+```typescript
+// Problem: Testing existing code
+test('processes array', () => {
+  const result = processArray([1, 2, 3]);
+  expect(result).toBeDefined();  // Already works!
+});
+
+// Fix: Test NEW behavior
+test('processes empty array', () => {
+  const result = processArray([]);
+  expect(result).toEqual([]);  // Currently fails
+});
+```
+
+**Issue: Test Errors Instead of Failing**
+
+```typescript
+// Problem: Typo in test
+test('validates email', () => {
+  const result = validateEmial('test@example.com');  // Typo
+  expect(result).toBe(true);
+});
+
+// Fix: Correct typo, rerun
+test('validates email', () => {
+  const result = validateEmail('test@example.com');
+  expect(result).toBe(true);
+});
+```
+
+## Phase 3: GREEN - Minimal Implementation
+
+### Goal
+Write simplest code to make test pass.
+
+### Steps
+
+**1. Write Minimal Code**
+
+**Good (Minimal):**
+```typescript
+async function retryOperation<T>(fn: () => Promise<T>): Promise<T> {
+  for (let i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
+    try {
+      return await fn();
+    } catch (e) {
+      if (i === 2) throw e;
+    }
+  }
+  throw new Error('unreachable');
+}
+```
+
+**Bad (Over-engineered):**
+```typescript
+async function retryOperation<T>(
+  fn: () => Promise<T>,
+  options?: {
+    maxRetries?: number;
+    backoff?: 'linear' | 'exponential';
+    onRetry?: (attempt: number) => void;
+    timeout?: number;
+  }
+): Promise<T> {
+  // YAGNI - You Aren't Gonna Need It
+}
+```
+
+**2. Resist Temptations**
+
+**DON'T:**
+- Add features not tested
+- Refactor other code
+- "Improve" beyond test requirements
+- Add configuration options "for flexibility"
+- Handle edge cases not in test
+
+**DO:**
+- Write exactly enough to pass test
+- Keep it simple
+- Save improvements for REFACTOR phase
+- Trust that next test will drive next feature
+
+### Implementation Patterns
+
+**Pattern: Hardcode First**
+
+```typescript
+// Test: User can login with valid credentials
+test('logs in with valid credentials', async () => {
+  const result = await login('user@example.com', 'password123');
+  expect(result.success).toBe(true);
+});
+
+// First implementation: Hardcode it
+function login(email: string, password: string) {
+  return { success: true };  // Simplest thing that passes
+}
+
+// Next test will force real implementation
+test('rejects invalid credentials', async () => {
+  const result = await login('user@example.com', 'wrongpass');
+  expect(result.success).toBe(false);
+});
+
+// Now implement for real
+function login(email: string, password: string) {
+  const valid = checkCredentials(email, password);
+  return { success: valid };
+}
+```
+
+**Pattern: Fake It Then Make It**
+
+```typescript
+// Iteration 1: Fake it
+function calculateTotal(items: Item[]) {
+  return 100;  // Hardcoded to pass first test
+}
+
+// Iteration 2: Make it real
+function calculateTotal(items: Item[]) {
+  return items.reduce((sum, item) => sum + item.price, 0);
+}
+```
+
+## Phase 4: VERIFY GREEN - Watch It Pass
+
+### Goal
+Confirm test passes and nothing broke.
+
+### Steps
+
+**1. Run Test**
+```bash
+npm test path/to/test.test.ts
+```
+
+**2. Verify Success**
+
+**✓ Good:**
+```
+PASS: retries failed operations 3 times
+```
+
+**✗ Bad (Still Failing):**
+```
+FAIL: retries failed operations 3 times
+```
+→ Fix implementation, don't change test
+
+**✗ Bad (New Test Passes, Old Tests Fail):**
+```
+PASS: retries failed operations 3 times
+FAIL: handles immediate success
+```
+→ Fix regression immediately
+
+**3. Run Full Test Suite**
+```bash
+# Run ALL tests
+npm test
+
+# Verify output
+All tests passed? → Proceed to REFACTOR
+Some tests failed? → Fix regressions before continuing
+```
+
+### What to Check
+
+- [ ] New test passes
+- [ ] All existing tests pass
+- [ ] No warnings in output
+- [ ] No console errors
+- [ ] Build succeeds
+
+### Common Issues
+
+**Issue: Test Still Fails**
+
+```typescript
+// Test expects 3 retries
+expect(attempts).toBe(3);
+
+// But implementation only does 2
+for (let i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
+  // Fix: Change to 3
+}
+```
+
+**Issue: Other Tests Break**
+
+```typescript
+// New code breaks existing functionality
+function processArray(arr: number[]) {
+  return arr.map(x => x * 2);  // Breaks test expecting sum
+}
+
+// Fix implementation to satisfy both tests
+function processArray(arr: number[], operation: 'sum' | 'double') {
+  if (operation === 'sum') return arr.reduce((a, b) => a + b);
+  return arr.map(x => x * 2);
+}
+```
+
+## Phase 5: REFACTOR - Improve Code
+
+### Goal
+Clean up code while keeping tests green.
+
+### When to Refactor
+
+**Do refactor when:**
+- Code is duplicated
+- Names are unclear
+- Logic is complex
+- Structure is messy
+
+**Don't refactor when:**
+- Tests are red
+- Adding new behavior
+- Time pressure (do it next cycle)
+
+### Refactoring Steps
+
+**1. Identify Improvements**
+
+```typescript
+// Before: Duplication
+function validateEmail(email: string) {
+  if (!email.includes('@')) return false;
+  if (email.indexOf('@') !== email.lastIndexOf('@')) return false;
+  return true;
+}
+
+function validateUsername(username: string) {
+  if (username.length < 3) return false;
+  if (username.length > 20) return false;
+  return true;
+}
+
+// After: Extract common pattern
+function validateLength(str: string, min: number, max: number) {
+  return str.length >= min && str.length <= max;
+}
+
+function validateEmail(email: string) {
+  return email.includes('@') &&
+         email.indexOf('@') === email.lastIndexOf('@');
+}
+
+function validateUsername(username: string) {
+  return validateLength(username, 3, 20);
+}
+```
+
+**2. Refactor Incrementally**
+
+```
+Make ONE change → Run tests → Green? → Next change
+```
+
+**DON'T:** Make multiple changes then run tests
+**DO:** Change → Test → Change → Test
+
+**3. Keep Tests Green**
+
+If tests turn red during refactoring:
+- STOP
+- Revert change
+- Try smaller change
+- Keep tests green at all times
+
+### Common Refactorings
+
+**Extract Method:**
+```typescript
+// Before
+function processUser(user: User) {
+  const valid = user.email.includes('@') &&
+                user.age >= 18 &&
+                user.name.length > 0;
+  if (!valid) throw new Error('Invalid');
+  // ...
+}
+
+// After
+function validateUser(user: User): boolean {
+  return user.email.includes('@') &&
+         user.age >= 18 &&
+         user.name.length > 0;
+}
+
+function processUser(user: User) {
+  if (!validateUser(user)) throw new Error('Invalid');
+  // ...
+}
+```
+
+**Rename for Clarity:**
+```typescript
+// Before
+function proc(d: any) {
+  const x = d.a * d.b;
+  return x;
+}
+
+// After
+function calculateArea(dimensions: Dimensions) {
+  const area = dimensions.width * dimensions.height;
+  return area;
+}
+```
+
+## Phase 6: REPEAT - Next Test
+
+### Goal
+Continue cycle for next behavior.
+
+### Steps
+
+**1. Identify Next Behavior**
+
+```
+Current: Validates email format
+Next: Validates password strength
+Future: Checks username availability
+```
+
+**2. Start New Cycle**
+
+Return to Phase 1 (RED) with new test:
+
+```typescript
+test('rejects weak passwords', () => {
+  const result = validatePassword('123');
+  expect(result.valid).toBe(false);
+  expect(result.error).toBe('Password too short');
+});
+```
+
+**3. Small Increments**
+
+Each test should be small step:
+- ✓ Add email validation
+- ✓ Add password validation
+- ✓ Add username validation
+
+Not:
+- ✗ Add complete user registration system
+
+## Complete Example: Building Retry Function
+
+### Iteration 1: Basic Retry
+
+**RED:**
+```typescript
+test('retries failed operation once', async () => {
+  let attempts = 0;
+  const operation = () => {
+    attempts++;
+    if (attempts < 2) throw new Error('fail');
+    return 'success';
+  };
+
+  const result = await retryOperation(operation);
+  expect(attempts).toBe(2);
+});
+```
+
+**GREEN:**
+```typescript
+async function retryOperation<T>(fn: () => Promise<T>): Promise<T> {
+  try {
+    return await fn();
+  } catch (e) {
+    return await fn();  // Retry once
+  }
+}
+```
+
+### Iteration 2: Multiple Retries
+
+**RED:**
+```typescript
+test('retries failed operation 3 times', async () => {
+  let attempts = 0;
+  const operation = () => {
+    attempts++;
+    if (attempts < 3) throw new Error('fail');
+    return 'success';
+  };
+
+  const result = await retryOperation(operation);
+  expect(attempts).toBe(3);
+});
+```
+
+**GREEN:**
+```typescript
+async function retryOperation<T>(fn: () => Promise<T>): Promise<T> {
+  for (let i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
+    try {
+      return await fn();
+    } catch (e) {
+      if (i === 2) throw e;
+    }
+  }
+  throw new Error('unreachable');
+}
+```
+
+### Iteration 3: Handle Final Failure
+
+**RED:**
+```typescript
+test('throws error after all retries exhausted', async () => {
+  const operation = () => {
+    throw new Error('persistent failure');
+  };
+
+  await expect(retryOperation(operation)).rejects.toThrow('persistent failure');
+});
+```
+
+**GREEN:**
+```typescript
+// Already passes! Implementation handles this.
+```
+
+**REFACTOR:**
+```typescript
+async function retryOperation<T>(
+  fn: () => Promise<T>,
+  maxRetries: number = 3
+): Promise<T> {
+  let lastError: Error;
+
+  for (let attempt = 0; attempt < maxRetries; attempt++) {
+    try {
+      return await fn();
+    } catch (error) {
+      lastError = error as Error;
+    }
+  }
+
+  throw lastError!;
+}
+```
+
+## Summary
+
+**The Cycle:**
+1. RED: Write failing test
+2. VERIFY RED: Watch it fail correctly
+3. GREEN: Minimal implementation
+4. VERIFY GREEN: Watch it pass
+5. REFACTOR: Improve code
+6. REPEAT: Next behavior
+
+**Key Points:**
+- Each phase is mandatory
+- Watch tests run (don't skip verification)
+- Keep implementations minimal
+- Refactor only when green
+- Small increments, one behavior at a time
+
+## Related References
+
+- [Examples](examples.md): Real-world TDD scenarios
+- [Philosophy](philosophy.md): Why order matters
+- [Anti-patterns](anti-patterns.md): Common mistakes
+- [Integration](integration.md): TDD with other skills