chaine 3.13.1__cp312-cp312-musllinux_1_2_x86_64.whl

chaine/_core/crfsuite/lib/crf/src/train_passive_aggressive.c

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+/*
+ *      Online training with Passive Aggressive.
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2007-2010, Naoaki Okazaki
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+ *     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ *     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ *       documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ *     * Neither the names of the authors nor the names of its contributors
+ *       may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this
+ *       software without specific prior written permission.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+ * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+ * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+ * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER
+ * OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
+ * EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
+ * PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
+ * PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
+ * NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
+ * SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+
+/* $Id$ */
+
+#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
+#include <config.h>
+#endif /*HAVE_CONFIG_H*/
+
+#include <os.h>
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <time.h>
+
+#include <crfsuite.h>
+#include "crfsuite_internal.h"
+#include "logging.h"
+#include "params.h"
+#include "vecmath.h"
+
+#define MIN(a, b) ((a) < (b) ? (a) : (b))
+
+/**
+ * Training parameters (configurable with crfsuite_params_t interface).
+ */
+typedef struct
+{
+    int type;
+    floatval_t c;
+    int error_sensitive;
+    int averaging;
+    int max_iterations;
+    floatval_t epsilon;
+} training_option_t;
+
+/**
+ * Internal data structure for computing the sparse vector F(x, y) - F(x, y').
+ */
+typedef struct
+{
+    /* An array of feature indices relevant to the instance. */
+    int *actives;
+    int num_actives;
+    int cap_actives;
+    char *used;
+
+    /* Coefficient for collecting feature weights. */
+    floatval_t c;
+    /* The difference vector [K]. */
+    floatval_t *delta;
+    /* The number of features. */
+    int K;
+} delta_t;
+
+static int delta_init(delta_t *dc, const int K)
+{
+    memset(dc, 0, sizeof(*dc));
+    dc->used = (char *)calloc(K, sizeof(char));
+    dc->delta = (floatval_t *)calloc(K, sizeof(floatval_t));
+    dc->K = K;
+    if (dc->delta == NULL || dc->used == NULL)
+    {
+        return 1;
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static void delta_finish(delta_t *dc)
+{
+    free(dc->actives);
+    free(dc->used);
+    free(dc->delta);
+    memset(dc, 0, sizeof(*dc));
+}
+
+static void delta_reset(delta_t *dc)
+{
+    int i;
+    for (i = 0; i < dc->num_actives; ++i)
+    {
+        int k = dc->actives[i];
+        dc->delta[k] = 0;
+    }
+    dc->num_actives = 0;
+}
+
+static void delta_collect(void *instance, int fid, floatval_t value)
+{
+    delta_t *dc = (delta_t *)instance;
+
+    /* Expand the active feature list if necessary. */
+    if (dc->cap_actives <= dc->num_actives)
+    {
+        ++dc->cap_actives;
+        dc->cap_actives *= 2;
+        dc->actives = (int *)realloc(dc->actives, sizeof(int) * dc->cap_actives);
+    }
+
+    dc->actives[dc->num_actives++] = fid;
+    dc->delta[fid] += dc->c * value;
+}
+
+static void delta_finalize(delta_t *dc)
+{
+    int i, j = 0, k;
+
+    /* Collapse the duplicated indices. */
+    for (i = 0; i < dc->num_actives; ++i)
+    {
+        k = dc->actives[i];
+        if (!dc->used[k])
+        {
+            dc->actives[j++] = k;
+            dc->used[k] = 1;
+        }
+    }
+    dc->num_actives = j; /* This is the distinct number of indices. */
+
+    /* Reset the used flag. */
+    for (i = 0; i < dc->num_actives; ++i)
+    {
+        k = dc->actives[i];
+        dc->used[k] = 0;
+    }
+}
+
+static floatval_t delta_norm2(delta_t *dc)
+{
+    int i;
+    floatval_t norm2 = 0.;
+
+    for (i = 0; i < dc->num_actives; ++i)
+    {
+        int k = dc->actives[i];
+        norm2 += dc->delta[k] * dc->delta[k];
+    }
+    return norm2;
+}
+
+static void delta_add(delta_t *dc, floatval_t *w, floatval_t *ws, const floatval_t tau, const floatval_t u)
+{
+    int i;
+    const floatval_t tauu = tau * u;
+
+    for (i = 0; i < dc->num_actives; ++i)
+    {
+        int k = dc->actives[i];
+        w[k] += tau * dc->delta[k];
+        ws[k] += tauu * dc->delta[k];
+    }
+}
+
+static int diff(int *x, int *y, int n)
+{
+    int i, d = 0;
+    for (i = 0; i < n; ++i)
+    {
+        if (x[i] != y[i])
+        {
+            ++d;
+        }
+    }
+    return d;
+}
+
+static floatval_t cost_insensitive(floatval_t err, floatval_t d)
+{
+    return err + 1.;
+}
+
+static floatval_t cost_sensitive(floatval_t err, floatval_t d)
+{
+    return err + sqrt(d);
+}
+
+static floatval_t tau0(floatval_t cost, floatval_t norm, floatval_t c)
+{
+    return cost / norm;
+}
+
+static floatval_t tau1(floatval_t cost, floatval_t norm, floatval_t c)
+{
+    return MIN(c, cost / norm);
+}
+
+static floatval_t tau2(floatval_t cost, floatval_t norm, floatval_t c)
+{
+    return cost / (norm + 0.5 / c);
+}
+
+static int exchange_options(crfsuite_params_t *params, training_option_t *opt, int mode)
+{
+    BEGIN_PARAM_MAP(params, mode)
+    DDX_PARAM_INT(
+        "type", opt->type, 1,
+        "The strategy for updating feature weights: {\n"
+        "    0: PA without slack variables,\n"
+        "    1: PA type I,\n"
+        "    2: PA type II\n"
+        "}.\n")
+    DDX_PARAM_FLOAT(
+        "c", opt->c, 1.,
+        "The aggressiveness parameter.")
+    DDX_PARAM_INT(
+        "error_sensitive", opt->error_sensitive, 1,
+        "Consider the number of incorrect labels to the cost function.")
+    DDX_PARAM_INT(
+        "averaging", opt->averaging, 1,
+        "Compute the average of feature weights (similarly to Averaged Perceptron).")
+    DDX_PARAM_INT(
+        "max_iterations", opt->max_iterations, 100,
+        "The maximum number of iterations.")
+    DDX_PARAM_FLOAT(
+        "epsilon", opt->epsilon, 0.,
+        "The stopping criterion (the mean loss).")
+    END_PARAM_MAP()
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+void crfsuite_train_passive_aggressive_init(crfsuite_params_t *params)
+{
+    exchange_options(params, NULL, 0);
+}
+
+int crfsuite_train_passive_aggressive(
+    encoder_t *gm,
+    dataset_t *trainset,
+    dataset_t *testset,
+    crfsuite_params_t *params,
+    logging_t *lg,
+    floatval_t **ptr_w)
+{
+    int n, i, u, ret = 0;
+    int *viterbi = NULL;
+    floatval_t *w = NULL, *ws = NULL, *wa = NULL;
+    const int N = trainset->num_instances;
+    const int K = gm->num_features;
+    const int T = gm->cap_items;
+    training_option_t opt;
+    delta_t dc;
+    clock_t begin = clock();
+    floatval_t (*cost_function)(floatval_t err, floatval_t d) = NULL;
+    floatval_t (*tau_function)(floatval_t cost, floatval_t norm, floatval_t c) = NULL;
+
+    /* Initialize the variable. */
+    if (delta_init(&dc, K) != 0)
+    {
+        ret = CRFSUITEERR_OUTOFMEMORY;
+        goto error_exit;
+    }
+
+    /* Obtain parameter values. */
+    exchange_options(params, &opt, -1);
+
+    /* Allocate arrays. */
+    w = (floatval_t *)calloc(sizeof(floatval_t), K);
+    ws = (floatval_t *)calloc(sizeof(floatval_t), K);
+    wa = (floatval_t *)calloc(sizeof(floatval_t), K);
+    viterbi = (int *)calloc(sizeof(int), T);
+    if (w == NULL || ws == NULL || wa == NULL || viterbi == NULL)
+    {
+        ret = CRFSUITEERR_OUTOFMEMORY;
+        goto error_exit;
+    }
+
+    /* Set the cost function for instances. */
+    if (opt.error_sensitive)
+    {
+        cost_function = cost_sensitive;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        cost_function = cost_insensitive;
+    }
+
+    /* Set the routine for computing tau (i.e., PA, PA-I, PA-II). */
+    if (opt.type == 1)
+    {
+        tau_function = tau1;
+    }
+    else if (opt.type == 2)
+    {
+        tau_function = tau2;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        tau_function = tau0;
+    }
+
+    /* Show the parameters. */
+    logging(lg, "Start training with PA");
+
+    u = 1;
+
+    /* Loop for epoch. */
+    for (i = 0; i < opt.max_iterations; ++i)
+    {
+        floatval_t norm = 0., sum_loss = 0.;
+        clock_t iteration_begin = clock();
+
+        /* Shuffle the instances. */
+        dataset_shuffle(trainset);
+
+        /* Loop for each instance. */
+        for (n = 0; n < N; ++n)
+        {
+            int d = 0;
+            floatval_t sv;
+            const crfsuite_instance_t *inst = dataset_get(trainset, n);
+
+            /* Set the feature weights to the encoder. */
+            gm->set_weights(gm, w, 1.);
+            gm->set_instance(gm, inst);
+
+            /* Tag the sequence with the current model. */
+            gm->viterbi(gm, viterbi, &sv);
+
+            /* Compute the number of different labels. */
+            d = diff(inst->labels, viterbi, inst->num_items);
+            if (0 < d)
+            {
+                floatval_t sc, norm2;
+                floatval_t tau, cost;
+
+                /*
+                    Compute the cost of this instance.
+                 */
+                gm->score(gm, inst->labels, &sc);
+                cost = cost_function(sv - sc, (double)d);
+
+                /* Initialize delta[k] = 0. */
+                delta_reset(&dc);
+
+                /*
+                    For every feature k on the correct path:
+                        delta[k] += 1;
+                 */
+                dc.c = 1;
+                gm->features_on_path(gm, inst, inst->labels, delta_collect, &dc);
+
+                /*
+                    For every feature k on the Viterbi path:
+                        delta[k] -= 1;
+                 */
+                dc.c = -1;
+                gm->features_on_path(gm, inst, viterbi, delta_collect, &dc);
+
+                delta_finalize(&dc);
+
+                /*
+                    Compute tau (dpending on PA, PA-I, and PA-II).
+                 */
+                norm2 = delta_norm2(&dc);
+                tau = tau_function(cost, norm2, opt.c);
+
+                /*
+                    Update the feature weights:
+                        w[k] += tau * delta[k]
+                        ws[k] += tau * u * delta[k]
+                 */
+                delta_add(&dc, w, ws, tau * inst->weight, u);
+
+                sum_loss += cost * inst->weight;
+            }
+            ++u;
+        }
+
+        if (opt.averaging)
+        {
+            /* Perform averaging to wa. */
+            veccopy(wa, w, K);
+            vecasub(wa, 1. / u, ws, K);
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            /* Simply copy the weights to wa. */
+            veccopy(wa, w, K);
+        }
+
+        /* Output the progress. */
+        logging(lg, "Iteration %d, training loss: %f", i + 1, sum_loss);
+
+        /* Holdout evaluation if necessary. */
+        if (testset != NULL)
+        {
+            holdout_evaluation(gm, testset, wa, lg);
+        }
+
+        /* Convergence test. */
+        if (sum_loss / N < opt.epsilon)
+        {
+            logging(lg, "Loss has converged, terminating training");
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    free(viterbi);
+    free(ws);
+    free(w);
+    *ptr_w = wa;
+    delta_finish(&dc);
+    return ret;
+
+error_exit:
+    free(viterbi);
+    free(wa);
+    free(ws);
+    free(w);
+    *ptr_w = NULL;
+    delta_finish(&dc);
+
+    return ret;
+}