ccxt 4.2.77__py2.py3-none-any.whl → 4.4.48__py2.py3-none-any.whl

ccxt/static_dependencies/sympy/external/ntheory.py

@@ -0,0 +1,637 @@
+# sympy.external.ntheory
+#
+# This module provides pure Python implementations of some number theory
+# functions that are alternately used from gmpy2 if it is installed.
+
+import sys
+import math
+
+# import mpmath.libmp as mlib
+
+
+_small_trailing = [0] * 256
+for j in range(1, 8):
+    _small_trailing[1 << j :: 1 << (j + 1)] = [j] * (1 << (7 - j))
+
+
+# def bit_scan1(x, n=0):
+#     if not x:
+#         return
+#     x = abs(x >> n)
+#     low_byte = x & 0xFF
+#     if low_byte:
+#         return _small_trailing[low_byte] + n
+
+#     t = 8 + n
+#     x >>= 8
+#     # 2**m is quick for z up through 2**30
+#     z = x.bit_length() - 1
+#     if x == 1 << z:
+#         return z + t
+
+#     if z < 300:
+#         # fixed 8-byte reduction
+#         while not x & 0xFF:
+#             x >>= 8
+#             t += 8
+#     else:
+#         # binary reduction important when there might be a large
+#         # number of trailing 0s
+#         p = z >> 1
+#         while not x & 0xFF:
+#             while x & ((1 << p) - 1):
+#                 p >>= 1
+#             x >>= p
+#             t += p
+#     return t + _small_trailing[x & 0xFF]
+
+
+# def bit_scan0(x, n=0):
+#     return bit_scan1(x + (1 << n), n)
+
+
+# def remove(x, f):
+#     if f < 2:
+#         raise ValueError("factor must be > 1")
+#     if x == 0:
+#         return 0, 0
+#     if f == 2:
+#         b = bit_scan1(x)
+#         return x >> b, b
+#     m = 0
+#     y, rem = divmod(x, f)
+#     while not rem:
+#         x = y
+#         m += 1
+#         if m > 5:
+#             pow_list = [f**2]
+#             while pow_list:
+#                 _f = pow_list[-1]
+#                 y, rem = divmod(x, _f)
+#                 if not rem:
+#                     m += 1 << len(pow_list)
+#                     x = y
+#                     pow_list.append(_f**2)
+#                 else:
+#                     pow_list.pop()
+#         y, rem = divmod(x, f)
+#     return x, m
+
+
+# def factorial(x):
+#     """Return x!."""
+#     return int(mlib.ifac(int(x)))
+
+
+# def sqrt(x):
+#     """Integer square root of x."""
+#     return int(mlib.isqrt(int(x)))
+
+
+# def sqrtrem(x):
+#     """Integer square root of x and remainder."""
+#     s, r = mlib.sqrtrem(int(x))
+#     return (int(s), int(r))
+
+
+# if sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 9):
+#     # As of Python 3.9 these can take multiple arguments
+#     gcd = math.gcd
+#     lcm = math.lcm
+
+# else:
+#     # Until python 3.8 is no longer supported
+#     from functools import reduce
+
+
+#     def gcd(*args):
+#         """gcd of multiple integers."""
+#         return reduce(math.gcd, args, 0)
+
+
+#     def lcm(*args):
+#         """lcm of multiple integers."""
+#         if 0 in args:
+#             return 0
+#         return reduce(lambda x, y: x*y//math.gcd(x, y), args, 1)
+
+
+def _sign(n):
+    if n < 0:
+        return -1, -n
+    return 1, n
+
+
+def gcdext(a, b):
+    if not a or not b:
+        g = abs(a) or abs(b)
+        if not g:
+            return (0, 0, 0)
+        return (g, a // g, b // g)
+
+    x_sign, a = _sign(a)
+    y_sign, b = _sign(b)
+    x, r = 1, 0
+    y, s = 0, 1
+
+    while b:
+        q, c = divmod(a, b)
+        a, b = b, c
+        x, r = r, x - q*r
+        y, s = s, y - q*s
+
+    return (a, x * x_sign, y * y_sign)
+
+
+# def is_square(x):
+#     """Return True if x is a square number."""
+#     if x < 0:
+#         return False
+
+#     # Note that the possible values of y**2 % n for a given n are limited.
+#     # For example, when n=4, y**2 % n can only take 0 or 1.
+#     # In other words, if x % 4 is 2 or 3, then x is not a square number.
+#     # Mathematically, it determines if it belongs to the set {y**2 % n},
+#     # but implementationally, it can be realized as a logical conjunction
+#     # with an n-bit integer.
+#     # see https://mersenneforum.org/showpost.php?p=110896
+#     # def magic(n):
+#     #     s = {y**2 % n for y in range(n)}
+#     #     s = set(range(n)) - s
+#     #     return sum(1 << bit for bit in s)
+#     # >>> print(hex(magic(128)))
+#     # 0xfdfdfdedfdfdfdecfdfdfdedfdfcfdec
+#     # >>> print(hex(magic(99)))
+#     # 0x5f6f9ffb6fb7ddfcb75befdec
+#     # >>> print(hex(magic(91)))
+#     # 0x6fd1bfcfed5f3679d3ebdec
+#     # >>> print(hex(magic(85)))
+#     # 0xdef9ae771ffe3b9d67dec
+#     if 0xfdfdfdedfdfdfdecfdfdfdedfdfcfdec & (1 << (x & 127)):
+#         return False  # e.g. 2, 3
+#     m = x % 765765 # 765765 = 99 * 91 * 85
+#     if 0x5f6f9ffb6fb7ddfcb75befdec & (1 << (m % 99)):
+#         return False  # e.g. 17, 68
+#     if 0x6fd1bfcfed5f3679d3ebdec & (1 << (m % 91)):
+#         return False  # e.g. 97, 388
+#     if 0xdef9ae771ffe3b9d67dec & (1 << (m % 85)):
+#         return False  # e.g. 793, 1408
+#     return mlib.sqrtrem(int(x))[1] == 0
+
+
+# def invert(x, m):
+#     """Modular inverse of x modulo m.
+
+#     Returns y such that x*y == 1 mod m.
+
+#     Uses ``math.pow`` but reproduces the behaviour of ``gmpy2.invert``
+#     which raises ZeroDivisionError if no inverse exists.
+#     """
+#     try:
+#         return pow(x, -1, m)
+#     except ValueError:
+#         raise ZeroDivisionError("invert() no inverse exists")
+
+
+# def legendre(x, y):
+#     """Legendre symbol (x / y).
+
+#     Following the implementation of gmpy2,
+#     the error is raised only when y is an even number.
+#     """
+#     if y <= 0 or not y % 2:
+#         raise ValueError("y should be an odd prime")
+#     x %= y
+#     if not x:
+#         return 0
+#     if pow(x, (y - 1) // 2, y) == 1:
+#         return 1
+#     return -1
+
+
+# def jacobi(x, y):
+#     """Jacobi symbol (x / y)."""
+#     if y <= 0 or not y % 2:
+#         raise ValueError("y should be an odd positive integer")
+#     x %= y
+#     if not x:
+#         return int(y == 1)
+#     if y == 1 or x == 1:
+#         return 1
+#     if gcd(x, y) != 1:
+#         return 0
+#     j = 1
+#     while x != 0:
+#         while x % 2 == 0 and x > 0:
+#             x >>= 1
+#             if y % 8 in [3, 5]:
+#                 j = -j
+#         x, y = y, x
+#         if x % 4 == y % 4 == 3:
+#             j = -j
+#         x %= y
+#     return j
+
+
+# def kronecker(x, y):
+#     """Kronecker symbol (x / y)."""
+#     if gcd(x, y) != 1:
+#         return 0
+#     if y == 0:
+#         return 1
+#     sign = -1 if y < 0 and x < 0 else 1
+#     y = abs(y)
+#     s = bit_scan1(y)
+#     y >>= s
+#     if s % 2 and x % 8 in [3, 5]:
+#         sign = -sign
+#     return sign * jacobi(x, y)
+
+
+# def iroot(y, n):
+#     if y < 0:
+#         raise ValueError("y must be nonnegative")
+#     if n < 1:
+#         raise ValueError("n must be positive")
+#     if y in (0, 1):
+#         return y, True
+#     if n == 1:
+#         return y, True
+#     if n == 2:
+#         x, rem = mlib.sqrtrem(y)
+#         return int(x), not rem
+#     if n >= y.bit_length():
+#         return 1, False
+#     # Get initial estimate for Newton's method. Care must be taken to
+#     # avoid overflow
+#     try:
+#         guess = int(y**(1./n) + 0.5)
+#     except OverflowError:
+#         exp = math.log2(y)/n
+#         if exp > 53:
+#             shift = int(exp - 53)
+#             guess = int(2.0**(exp - shift) + 1) << shift
+#         else:
+#             guess = int(2.0**exp)
+#     if guess > 2**50:
+#         # Newton iteration
+#         xprev, x = -1, guess
+#         while 1:
+#             t = x**(n - 1)
+#             xprev, x = x, ((n - 1)*x + y//t)//n
+#             if abs(x - xprev) < 2:
+#                 break
+#     else:
+#         x = guess
+#     # Compensate
+#     t = x**n
+#     while t < y:
+#         x += 1
+#         t = x**n
+#     while t > y:
+#         x -= 1
+#         t = x**n
+#     return x, t == y
+
+
+# def is_fermat_prp(n, a):
+#     if a < 2:
+#         raise ValueError("is_fermat_prp() requires 'a' greater than or equal to 2")
+#     if n < 1:
+#         raise ValueError("is_fermat_prp() requires 'n' be greater than 0")
+#     if n == 1:
+#         return False
+#     if n % 2 == 0:
+#         return n == 2
+#     a %= n
+#     if gcd(n, a) != 1:
+#         raise ValueError("is_fermat_prp() requires gcd(n,a) == 1")
+#     return pow(a, n - 1, n) == 1
+
+
+# def is_euler_prp(n, a):
+#     if a < 2:
+#         raise ValueError("is_euler_prp() requires 'a' greater than or equal to 2")
+#     if n < 1:
+#         raise ValueError("is_euler_prp() requires 'n' be greater than 0")
+#     if n == 1:
+#         return False
+#     if n % 2 == 0:
+#         return n == 2
+#     a %= n
+#     if gcd(n, a) != 1:
+#         raise ValueError("is_euler_prp() requires gcd(n,a) == 1")
+#     return pow(a, n >> 1, n) == jacobi(a, n) % n
+
+
+# def _is_strong_prp(n, a):
+#     s = bit_scan1(n - 1)
+#     a = pow(a, n >> s, n)
+#     if a == 1 or a == n - 1:
+#         return True
+#     for _ in range(s - 1):
+#         a = pow(a, 2, n)
+#         if a == n - 1:
+#             return True
+#         if a == 1:
+#             return False
+#     return False
+
+
+# def is_strong_prp(n, a):
+#     if a < 2:
+#         raise ValueError("is_strong_prp() requires 'a' greater than or equal to 2")
+#     if n < 1:
+#         raise ValueError("is_strong_prp() requires 'n' be greater than 0")
+#     if n == 1:
+#         return False
+#     if n % 2 == 0:
+#         return n == 2
+#     a %= n
+#     if gcd(n, a) != 1:
+#         raise ValueError("is_strong_prp() requires gcd(n,a) == 1")
+#     return _is_strong_prp(n, a)
+
+
+# def _lucas_sequence(n, P, Q, k):
+#     r"""Return the modular Lucas sequence (U_k, V_k, Q_k).
+
+#     Explanation
+#     ===========
+
+#     Given a Lucas sequence defined by P, Q, returns the kth values for
+#     U and V, along with Q^k, all modulo n. This is intended for use with
+#     possibly very large values of n and k, where the combinatorial functions
+#     would be completely unusable.
+
+#     .. math ::
+#         U_k = \begin{cases}
+#              0 & \text{if } k = 0\\
+#              1 & \text{if } k = 1\\
+#              PU_{k-1} - QU_{k-2} & \text{if } k > 1
+#         \end{cases}\\
+#         V_k = \begin{cases}
+#              2 & \text{if } k = 0\\
+#              P & \text{if } k = 1\\
+#              PV_{k-1} - QV_{k-2} & \text{if } k > 1
+#         \end{cases}
+
+#     The modular Lucas sequences are used in numerous places in number theory,
+#     especially in the Lucas compositeness tests and the various n + 1 proofs.
+
+#     Parameters
+#     ==========
+
+#     n : int
+#         n is an odd number greater than or equal to 3
+#     P : int
+#     Q : int
+#         D determined by D = P**2 - 4*Q is non-zero
+#     k : int
+#         k is a nonnegative integer
+
+#     Returns
+#     =======
+
+#     U, V, Qk : (int, int, int)
+#         `(U_k \bmod{n}, V_k \bmod{n}, Q^k \bmod{n})`
+
+#     Examples
+#     ========
+
+#     >>> from sympy.external.ntheory import _lucas_sequence
+#     >>> N = 10**2000 + 4561
+#     >>> sol = U, V, Qk = _lucas_sequence(N, 3, 1, N//2); sol
+#     (0, 2, 1)
+
+#     References
+#     ==========
+
+#     .. [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucas_sequence
+
+#     """
+#     if k == 0:
+#         return (0, 2, 1)
+#     D = P**2 - 4*Q
+#     U = 1
+#     V = P
+#     Qk = Q % n
+#     if Q == 1:
+#         # Optimization for extra strong tests.
+#         for b in bin(k)[3:]:
+#             U = (U*V) % n
+#             V = (V*V - 2) % n
+#             if b == "1":
+#                 U, V = U*P + V, V*P + U*D
+#                 if U & 1:
+#                     U += n
+#                 if V & 1:
+#                     V += n
+#                 U, V = U >> 1, V >> 1
+#     elif P == 1 and Q == -1:
+#         # Small optimization for 50% of Selfridge parameters.
+#         for b in bin(k)[3:]:
+#             U = (U*V) % n
+#             if Qk == 1:
+#                 V = (V*V - 2) % n
+#             else:
+#                 V = (V*V + 2) % n
+#                 Qk = 1
+#             if b == "1":
+#                 # new_U = (U + V) // 2
+#                 # new_V = (5*U + V) // 2 = 2*U + new_U
+#                 U, V  = U + V, U << 1
+#                 if U & 1:
+#                     U += n
+#                 U >>= 1
+#                 V += U
+#                 Qk = -1
+#         Qk %= n
+#     elif P == 1:
+#         for b in bin(k)[3:]:
+#             U = (U*V) % n
+#             V = (V*V - 2*Qk) % n
+#             Qk *= Qk
+#             if b == "1":
+#                 # new_U = (U + V) // 2
+#                 # new_V = new_U - 2*Q*U
+#                 U, V  = U + V, (Q*U) << 1
+#                 if U & 1:
+#                     U += n
+#                 U >>= 1
+#                 V = U - V
+#                 Qk *= Q
+#             Qk %= n
+#     else:
+#         # The general case with any P and Q.
+#         for b in bin(k)[3:]:
+#             U = (U*V) % n
+#             V = (V*V - 2*Qk) % n
+#             Qk *= Qk
+#             if b == "1":
+#                 U, V = U*P + V, V*P + U*D
+#                 if U & 1:
+#                     U += n
+#                 if V & 1:
+#                     V += n
+#                 U, V = U >> 1, V >> 1
+#                 Qk *= Q
+#             Qk %= n
+#     return (U % n, V % n, Qk)
+
+
+# def is_fibonacci_prp(n, p, q):
+#     d = p**2 - 4*q
+#     if d == 0 or p <= 0 or q not in [1, -1]:
+#         raise ValueError("invalid values for p,q in is_fibonacci_prp()")
+#     if n < 1:
+#         raise ValueError("is_fibonacci_prp() requires 'n' be greater than 0")
+#     if n == 1:
+#         return False
+#     if n % 2 == 0:
+#         return n == 2
+#     return _lucas_sequence(n, p, q, n)[1] == p % n
+
+
+# def is_lucas_prp(n, p, q):
+#     d = p**2 - 4*q
+#     if d == 0:
+#         raise ValueError("invalid values for p,q in is_lucas_prp()")
+#     if n < 1:
+#         raise ValueError("is_lucas_prp() requires 'n' be greater than 0")
+#     if n == 1:
+#         return False
+#     if n % 2 == 0:
+#         return n == 2
+#     if gcd(n, q*d) not in [1, n]:
+#         raise ValueError("is_lucas_prp() requires gcd(n,2*q*D) == 1")
+#     return _lucas_sequence(n, p, q, n - jacobi(d, n))[0] == 0
+
+
+# def _is_selfridge_prp(n):
+#     """Lucas compositeness test with the Selfridge parameters for n.
+
+#     Explanation
+#     ===========
+
+#     The Lucas compositeness test checks whether n is a prime number.
+#     The test can be run with arbitrary parameters ``P`` and ``Q``, which also change the performance of the test.
+#     So, which parameters are most effective for running the Lucas compositeness test?
+#     As an algorithm for determining ``P`` and ``Q``, Selfridge proposed method A [1]_ page 1401
+#     (Since two methods were proposed, referred to simply as A and B in the paper,
+#     we will refer to one of them as "method A").
+
+#     method A fixes ``P = 1``. Then, ``D`` defined by ``D = P**2 - 4Q`` is varied from 5, -7, 9, -11, 13, and so on,
+#     with the first ``D`` being ``jacobi(D, n) == -1``. Once ``D`` is determined,
+#     ``Q`` is determined to be ``(P**2 - D)//4``.
+
+#     References
+#     ==========
+
+#     .. [1] Robert Baillie, Samuel S. Wagstaff, Lucas Pseudoprimes,
+#            Math. Comp. Vol 35, Number 152 (1980), pp. 1391-1417,
+#            https://doi.org/10.1090%2FS0025-5718-1980-0583518-6
+#            http://mpqs.free.fr/LucasPseudoprimes.pdf
+
+#     """
+#     for D in range(5, 1_000_000, 2):
+#         if D & 2: # if D % 4 == 3
+#             D = -D
+#         j = jacobi(D, n)
+#         if j == -1:
+#             return _lucas_sequence(n, 1, (1-D) // 4, n + 1)[0] == 0
+#         if j == 0 and D % n:
+#             return False
+#         # When j == -1 is hard to find, suspect a square number
+#         if D == 13 and is_square(n):
+#             return False
+#     raise ValueError("appropriate value for D cannot be found in is_selfridge_prp()")
+
+
+# def is_selfridge_prp(n):
+#     if n < 1:
+#         raise ValueError("is_selfridge_prp() requires 'n' be greater than 0")
+#     if n == 1:
+#         return False
+#     if n % 2 == 0:
+#         return n == 2
+#     return _is_selfridge_prp(n)
+
+
+# def is_strong_lucas_prp(n, p, q):
+#     D = p**2 - 4*q
+#     if D == 0:
+#         raise ValueError("invalid values for p,q in is_strong_lucas_prp()")
+#     if n < 1:
+#         raise ValueError("is_selfridge_prp() requires 'n' be greater than 0")
+#     if n == 1:
+#         return False
+#     if n % 2 == 0:
+#         return n == 2
+#     if gcd(n, q*D) not in [1, n]:
+#         raise ValueError("is_strong_lucas_prp() requires gcd(n,2*q*D) == 1")
+#     j = jacobi(D, n)
+#     s = bit_scan1(n - j)
+#     U, V, Qk = _lucas_sequence(n, p, q, (n - j) >> s)
+#     if U == 0 or V == 0:
+#         return True
+#     for _ in range(s - 1):
+#         V = (V*V - 2*Qk) % n
+#         if V == 0:
+#             return True
+#         Qk = pow(Qk, 2, n)
+#     return False
+
+
+# def _is_strong_selfridge_prp(n):
+#     for D in range(5, 1_000_000, 2):
+#         if D & 2: # if D % 4 == 3
+#             D = -D
+#         j = jacobi(D, n)
+#         if j == -1:
+#             s = bit_scan1(n + 1)
+#             U, V, Qk = _lucas_sequence(n, 1, (1-D) // 4, (n + 1) >> s)
+#             if U == 0 or V == 0:
+#                 return True
+#             for _ in range(s - 1):
+#                 V = (V*V - 2*Qk) % n
+#                 if V == 0:
+#                     return True
+#                 Qk = pow(Qk, 2, n)
+#             return False
+#         if j == 0 and D % n:
+#             return False
+#         # When j == -1 is hard to find, suspect a square number
+#         if D == 13 and is_square(n):
+#             return False
+#     raise ValueError("appropriate value for D cannot be found in is_strong_selfridge_prp()")
+
+
+# def is_strong_selfridge_prp(n):
+#     if n < 1:
+#         raise ValueError("is_strong_selfridge_prp() requires 'n' be greater than 0")
+#     if n == 1:
+#         return False
+#     if n % 2 == 0:
+#         return n == 2
+#     return _is_strong_selfridge_prp(n)
+
+
+# def is_bpsw_prp(n):
+#     if n < 1:
+#         raise ValueError("is_bpsw_prp() requires 'n' be greater than 0")
+#     if n == 1:
+#         return False
+#     if n % 2 == 0:
+#         return n == 2
+#     return _is_strong_prp(n, 2) and _is_selfridge_prp(n)
+
+
+# def is_strong_bpsw_prp(n):
+#     if n < 1:
+#         raise ValueError("is_strong_bpsw_prp() requires 'n' be greater than 0")
+#     if n == 1:
+#         return False
+#     if n % 2 == 0:
+#         return n == 2
+#     return _is_strong_prp(n, 2) and _is_strong_selfridge_prp(n)