batplot 1.8.0__py3-none-any.whl → 1.8.2__py3-none-any.whl

batplot_backup_20251221_101150/session.py

@@ -0,0 +1,2951 @@
+"""Session helpers for batplot interactive mode.
+
+This module provides functions to save and load interactive plotting sessions.
+Sessions allow you to save your current plot state (colors, labels, ranges, etc.)
+and restore it later, so you don't have to recreate your styling from scratch.
+
+HOW SESSIONS WORK:
+-----------------
+A session file (.pkl) contains a complete snapshot of your plot state:
+- Data: Original x/y data, labels, offsets
+- Styling: Colors, line widths, fonts, tick settings
+- Geometry: Axis ranges, figure size, axes position
+- State: Which curves are visible, label positions, etc.
+
+When you save a session:
+1. All plot state is collected into a dictionary
+2. Dictionary is serialized using pickle (Python's object serialization)
+3. Saved to a .pkl file
+
+When you load a session:
+1. .pkl file is read and deserialized
+2. Plot is recreated from saved data
+3. All styling and state is restored exactly as it was
+
+This is different from style files (.bps/.bpsg):
+- Style files: Save only styling (colors, fonts, ticks) - can be applied to different data
+- Session files: Save everything including data - exact recreation of a specific plot
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import pickle
+from typing import Any, Dict, Iterable, List, Sequence, Tuple
+
+import os
+
+import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
+import numpy as np
+
+from .utils import _confirm_overwrite
+from .color_utils import ensure_colormap
+
+
+def _current_tick_width(axis_obj, which: str):
+    """
+    Return the configured tick width for the given X/Y axis.
+    
+    HOW IT WORKS:
+    ------------
+    Tick widths can be set in two places:
+    1. **Per-axis setting**: Stored in axis object's internal dictionary
+       - This is set when you use ax.tick_params(axis='x', which='major', width=2.0)
+       - Stored in axis_obj._major_tick_kw or axis_obj._minor_tick_kw
+    
+    2. **Global matplotlib setting**: Stored in plt.rcParams
+       - This is the default used when per-axis setting isn't specified
+       - Key format: 'xtick.major.width' or 'ytick.minor.width'
+    
+    This function checks both locations (per-axis first, then global) to find
+    the actual width being used.
+    
+    Args:
+        axis_obj: Matplotlib axis object (ax.xaxis or ax.yaxis)
+        which: 'major' or 'minor' (which type of ticks)
+    
+    Returns:
+        Tick width as float, or None if not found
+    """
+    try:
+        # Try to get width from axis object's internal settings
+        # _major_tick_kw and _minor_tick_kw are dictionaries storing tick parameters
+        tick_kw = axis_obj._major_tick_kw if which == 'major' else axis_obj._minor_tick_kw
+        width = tick_kw.get('width')  # Get 'width' key from dictionary
+        
+        # If not found in axis object, check global matplotlib settings
+        if width is None:
+            # Get axis name ('x' or 'y') - defaults to 'x' if not found
+            axis_name = getattr(axis_obj, 'axis_name', 'x')
+            # Build rcParams key: 'xtick.major.width' or 'ytick.minor.width'
+            rc_key = f"{axis_name}tick.{which}.width"
+            width = plt.rcParams.get(rc_key)  # Get from global settings
+        
+        # Convert to float if found
+        if width is not None:
+            return float(width)
+    except Exception:
+        # If anything fails (attribute error, type error, etc.), return None
+        pass
+    return None
+
+
+def _axis_label_text(ax, attr_name: str, getter):
+    """
+    Get axis label text, trying stored value first, then current label.
+    
+    HOW IT WORKS:
+    ------------
+    Sometimes axis labels are hidden but we still want to know what they were.
+    This function tries two sources:
+    
+    1. **Stored attribute**: Check if label was saved in a special attribute
+       - Example: ax._stored_xlabel might contain "Voltage (V)" even if label is hidden
+       - This preserves the label text when labels are temporarily hidden
+    
+    2. **Current label**: Get text from the actual label object
+       - Example: ax.xaxis.label.get_text()
+       - This is the "live" label that's currently displayed
+    
+    WHY TWO SOURCES?
+    ---------------
+    When labels are hidden (via WASD menu), the label object might be empty,
+    but we saved the text in a stored attribute. This function ensures we can
+    always retrieve the label text, even when hidden.
+    
+    Args:
+        ax: Matplotlib axes object
+        attr_name: Name of stored attribute (e.g., '_stored_xlabel')
+        getter: Function to call to get current label (e.g., lambda: ax.get_xlabel())
+    
+    Returns:
+        Label text string, or empty string if not found
+    """
+    # Try stored attribute first (preserves text even when label is hidden)
+    try:
+        stored = getattr(ax, attr_name)
+        if isinstance(stored, str) and stored:
+            return stored
+    except Exception:
+        pass
+    
+    # Fallback: get from current label object
+    try:
+        return getter() or ''  # getter() returns current label text
+    except Exception:
+        return ''
+
+
+def _apply_axes_bbox(ax, bbox) -> bool:
+    """
+    Apply stored axes bounding box (position and size) to restore plot geometry.
+    
+    HOW IT WORKS:
+    ------------
+    The bounding box (bbox) defines where the plot area is positioned within
+    the figure. It's stored as fractions (0.0 to 1.0) of the figure size.
+    
+    COORDINATE SYSTEM:
+    -----------------
+    Figure coordinates (fractions):
+    - (0.0, 0.0) = bottom-left corner of figure
+    - (1.0, 1.0) = top-right corner of figure
+    - left, right, bottom, top are all between 0.0 and 1.0
+    
+    Example bbox:
+        left=0.15, right=0.95, bottom=0.15, top=0.95
+        This means plot occupies 80% of figure width (0.95-0.15) and 80% of height,
+        centered with 15% margins on all sides.
+    
+    CALCULATION:
+    -----------
+    - width = right - left (horizontal size)
+    - height = top - bottom (vertical size)
+    - Position = [left, bottom, width, height]
+    
+    Args:
+        ax: Matplotlib axes object
+        bbox: Dictionary with keys 'left', 'right', 'bottom', 'top' (all floats 0.0-1.0)
+    
+    Returns:
+        True if bbox was successfully applied, False if invalid or error occurred
+    """
+    # Validate input: must be a dictionary
+    if not isinstance(bbox, dict):
+        return False
+    
+    # Check that all required keys are present
+    required = ('left', 'right', 'bottom', 'top')
+    if not all(k in bbox for k in required):
+        return False
+    
+    try:
+        # Extract and convert to floats
+        left = float(bbox['left'])
+        right = float(bbox['right'])
+        bottom = float(bbox['bottom'])
+        top = float(bbox['top'])
+        
+        # Calculate dimensions
+        width = right - left   # Horizontal size
+        height = top - bottom  # Vertical size
+        
+        # Validate dimensions (must be positive)
+        if width <= 0 or height <= 0:
+            return False
+        
+        # Apply position and size to axes
+        # set_position([left, bottom, width, height]) sets plot area within figure
+        ax.set_position([left, bottom, width, height])
+        return True
+    except Exception:
+        # If any conversion or application fails, return False
+        return False
+
+
+def _get_primary_axis_label(ax, axis: str) -> str:
+    """Get primary axis label text, falling back to stored value when hidden."""
+    if axis == 'x':
+        label = ax.xaxis.label
+        stored_attr = '_stored_xlabel'
+    else:
+        label = ax.yaxis.label
+        stored_attr = '_stored_ylabel'
+    text = ''
+    try:
+        text = label.get_text() or ''
+    except Exception:
+        text = ''
+    if not text and hasattr(ax, stored_attr):
+        try:
+            stored = getattr(ax, stored_attr)
+            if stored:
+                text = stored
+        except Exception:
+            text = ''
+    return text or ''
+
+
+def _get_duplicate_axis_label(ax, which: str, fallback: str = '') -> str:
+    """Get duplicate axis label (top/right) text."""
+    if which == 'top':
+        artist_attr = '_top_xlabel_artist'
+        override_attr = '_top_xlabel_text_override'
+    else:
+        artist_attr = '_right_ylabel_artist'
+        override_attr = '_right_ylabel_text_override'
+    if hasattr(ax, override_attr):
+        try:
+            override_val = getattr(ax, override_attr)
+            if override_val:
+                return override_val
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+    artist = getattr(ax, artist_attr, None)
+    if artist is not None and hasattr(artist, 'get_text'):
+        try:
+            txt = artist.get_text()
+            if txt:
+                return txt
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+    return fallback or ''
+
+
+# ------------------------- Generic XY session (existing) -------------------------
+
+
+def dump_session(
+    filename: str,
+    *,
+    fig,
+    ax,
+    x_data_list: Sequence[np.ndarray],
+    y_data_list: Sequence[np.ndarray],
+    orig_y: Sequence[np.ndarray],
+    offsets_list: Sequence[float],
+    labels: Sequence[str],
+    delta: float,
+    args,
+    tick_state: Dict[str, bool],
+    cif_tick_series: Iterable[Tuple[str, str, List[float], float | None, float, Any]] | None = None,
+    cif_hkl_map: Dict[str, List[Tuple[float, int, int, int]]] | None = None,
+    cif_hkl_label_map: Dict[str, Dict[float, str]] | None = None,
+    show_cif_hkl: bool | None = None,
+    show_cif_titles: bool | None = None,
+    skip_confirm: bool = False,
+) -> None:
+    """
+    Save current interactive session to a pickle file.
+    
+    HOW SESSION SAVING WORKS:
+    ------------------------
+    This function captures the complete state of your interactive plot and
+    saves it to a .pkl file. When you load this file later, the plot will be
+    recreated exactly as it was, including:
+    
+    - Data: All x/y data arrays, labels, file paths
+    - Styling: Colors, line widths, fonts, tick settings, spine properties
+    - Geometry: Figure size, axes position, axis ranges
+    - State: Which curves are visible, label positions, CIF overlays, etc.
+    
+    SERIALIZATION PROCESS:
+    ---------------------
+    1. Collect all plot state into a dictionary
+    2. Infer axis mode from current labels (Q, 2theta, r, etc.)
+    3. Capture figure/axes geometry (size, position)
+    4. Save spine properties (linewidth, color, visibility)
+    5. Save tick properties (widths, lengths, directions)
+    6. Save axis labels (including duplicate top/right labels)
+    7. Save curve properties (colors, linewidths, visibility)
+    8. Serialize everything using pickle and write to file
+    
+    WHY PICKLE?
+    -----------
+    Pickle is Python's built-in serialization format. It can save complex
+    Python objects (numpy arrays, matplotlib objects, etc.) to disk and
+    restore them exactly. This is perfect for saving complete plot state.
+    
+    Args:
+        filename: Path to .pkl file where session will be saved
+        fig: Matplotlib figure object
+        ax: Matplotlib axes object
+        x_data_list: List of x-data arrays (one per curve)
+        y_data_list: List of y-data arrays (one per curve, with offsets applied)
+        orig_y: List of original y-data arrays (before offsets)
+        offsets_list: List of vertical offsets applied to each curve
+        labels: List of curve labels (file names or custom labels)
+        delta: Spacing between stacked curves (if stack mode)
+        args: Command-line arguments namespace (for axis mode, etc.)
+        tick_state: Dictionary of tick visibility states (top, bottom, left, right)
+        cif_tick_series: Optional CIF overlay data (for diffraction patterns)
+        cif_hkl_map: Optional CIF hkl indices mapping
+        cif_hkl_label_map: Optional CIF hkl label mapping
+        show_cif_hkl: Whether to show CIF hkl labels
+        show_cif_titles: Whether to show CIF titles
+        skip_confirm: If True, skip overwrite confirmation dialog
+    """
+
+    # Infer axis mode string
+    if getattr(args, 'xaxis', None) in ("Q", "2theta", "r", "energy", "k", "rft"):
+        axis_mode_session = args.xaxis
+    else:
+        # Best-effort inference from labels/units already set on axes
+        xl = (ax.get_xlabel() or "").lower()
+        if "q (" in xl:
+            axis_mode_session = "Q"
+        elif "$2\\theta$" in xl or "2" in xl and "theta" in xl:
+            axis_mode_session = "2theta"
+        elif xl.startswith("r ") or xl.startswith("r ("):
+            axis_mode_session = "r"
+        elif "energy" in xl:
+            axis_mode_session = "energy"
+        elif xl.startswith("k ") or xl.startswith("k ("):
+            axis_mode_session = "k"
+        elif "radial" in xl:
+            axis_mode_session = "rft"
+        else:
+            axis_mode_session = "unknown"
+
+    label_layout = 'stack' if getattr(args, 'stack', False) else 'block'
+
+    # Axes frame size (in inches) to complement the canvas size
+    bbox = ax.get_position()
+    fw, fh = fig.get_size_inches()
+    frame_w_in = bbox.width * fw
+    frame_h_in = bbox.height * fh
+
+    # Save spines state
+    spines_state = {
+        name: {
+            'linewidth': sp.get_linewidth(),
+            'color': sp.get_edgecolor(),
+            'visible': sp.get_visible(),
+        } for name, sp in ax.spines.items()
+    }
+
+    # Helper to capture a representative tick line width
+    def _tick_width(axis, which: str):
+        return _current_tick_width(axis, which)
+
+    tick_widths = {
+        'x_major': _tick_width(ax.xaxis, 'major'),
+        'x_minor': _tick_width(ax.xaxis, 'minor'),
+        'y_major': _tick_width(ax.yaxis, 'major'),
+        'y_minor': _tick_width(ax.yaxis, 'minor'),
+    }
+    
+    # Helper to get tick length
+    def _tick_length(axis, which):
+        try:
+            ticks = axis.get_major_ticks() if which=='major' else axis.get_minor_ticks()
+            for t in ticks:
+                ln = t.tick1line
+                if ln.get_visible():
+                    return ln.get_markersize()
+        except Exception:
+            return None
+        return None
+    
+    tick_lengths = {
+        'x_major': _tick_length(ax.xaxis, 'major'),
+        'x_minor': _tick_length(ax.xaxis, 'minor'),
+        'y_major': _tick_length(ax.yaxis, 'major'),
+        'y_minor': _tick_length(ax.yaxis, 'minor'),
+    }
+
+    sp = fig.subplotpars
+    subplot_margins = {
+        'left': float(sp.left),
+        'right': float(sp.right),
+        'bottom': float(sp.bottom),
+        'top': float(sp.top),
+    }
+    
+    # Helper to capture WASD state
+    def _capture_wasd_state(axis):
+        ts = getattr(axis, '_saved_tick_state', {})
+        wasd = {}
+        for side in ('top', 'bottom', 'left', 'right'):
+            sp_obj = axis.spines.get(side)
+            prefix = {'top': 't', 'bottom': 'b', 'left': 'l', 'right': 'r'}[side]
+            # Consistent tick/title state logic for all sides
+            if side == 'left':
+                title_state = bool(axis.yaxis.label.get_visible())
+            elif side == 'bottom':
+                title_state = bool(axis.xaxis.label.get_visible())
+            elif side == 'top':
+                title_state = bool(getattr(axis, '_top_xlabel_on', False))
+            elif side == 'right':
+                title_state = bool(getattr(axis, '_right_ylabel_on', False))
+            else:
+                title_state = False
+            wasd[side] = {
+                'spine': bool(sp_obj.get_visible() if sp_obj else False),
+                'ticks': bool(ts.get(f'{prefix}_ticks', ts.get({'top':'tx','bottom':'bx','left':'ly','right':'ry'}[side], side=='bottom' or side=='left'))),
+                'minor': bool(ts.get(f'm{prefix}x' if side in ('top','bottom') else f'm{prefix}y', False)),
+                'labels': bool(ts.get(f'{prefix}_labels', ts.get({'top':'tx','bottom':'bx','left':'ly','right':'ry'}[side], side=='bottom' or side=='left'))),
+                'title': title_state,
+            }
+        return wasd
+    
+    wasd_state = _capture_wasd_state(ax)
+
+    try:
+        sess = {
+            'version': 3,
+            'x_data': [np.array(a) for a in x_data_list],
+            'y_data': [np.array(a) for a in y_data_list],
+            'orig_y': [np.array(a) for a in orig_y],
+            'offsets': list(offsets_list),
+            'labels': list(labels),
+            'line_styles': [
+                {
+                    'color': ln.get_color(),
+                    'linewidth': ln.get_linewidth(),
+                    'linestyle': ln.get_linestyle(),
+                    'alpha': ln.get_alpha(),
+                    'marker': ln.get_marker(),
+                    'markersize': ln.get_markersize(),
+                    'markerfacecolor': ln.get_markerfacecolor(),
+                    'markeredgecolor': ln.get_markeredgecolor(),
+                } for ln in ax.lines
+            ],
+            'delta': float(delta),
+            'label_layout': label_layout,
+            'axis_mode': axis_mode_session,
+            'axis': {
+                'xlabel': ax.get_xlabel(),
+                'ylabel': ax.get_ylabel(),
+                'xlim': ax.get_xlim(),
+                'ylim': ax.get_ylim(),
+                'norm_xlim': getattr(ax, '_norm_xlim', None),  # x-range used for normalization
+                'norm_ylim': getattr(ax, '_norm_ylim', None),  # y-range used for normalization
+            },
+            'figure': {
+                'size': tuple(map(float, fig.get_size_inches())),
+                'dpi': int(fig.dpi),
+                'frame_size': (frame_w_in, frame_h_in),
+                'axes_bbox': {
+                    'left': float(bbox.x0),
+                    'bottom': float(bbox.y0),
+                    'right': float(bbox.x0 + bbox.width),
+                    'top': float(bbox.y0 + bbox.height),
+                },
+                'subplot_margins': subplot_margins,
+                'spines': spines_state,
+            },
+            'wasd_state': wasd_state,
+            'tick_state': dict(tick_state),
+            'tick_widths': tick_widths,
+            'tick_lengths': tick_lengths,
+            'font': {
+                'size': plt.rcParams.get('font.size'),
+                'chain': list(plt.rcParams.get('font.sans-serif', [])),
+            },
+            'args_subset': {
+                'stack': bool(getattr(args, 'stack', False)),
+                'autoscale': bool(getattr(args, 'autoscale', False)),
+                'norm': bool(getattr(args, 'norm', False)),
+            },
+            'cif_tick_series': [tuple(t) for t in (cif_tick_series or [])],
+            'cif_hkl_map': {k: [tuple(v) for v in val] for k, val in (cif_hkl_map or {}).items()},
+            'cif_hkl_label_map': {k: dict(v) for k, v in (cif_hkl_label_map or {}).items()},
+            'show_cif_hkl': bool(show_cif_hkl),
+            'show_cif_titles': bool(show_cif_titles) if show_cif_titles is not None else True,
+        }
+        sess['axis_titles'] = {
+            'top_x': bool(getattr(ax, '_top_xlabel_on', False)),
+            'right_y': bool(getattr(ax, '_right_ylabel_on', False)),
+            'has_bottom_x': bool(ax.xaxis.label.get_visible()),
+            'has_left_y': bool(ax.yaxis.label.get_visible()),
+        }
+        sess['axis_title_texts'] = {
+            'bottom_x': _get_primary_axis_label(ax, 'x'),
+            'left_y': _get_primary_axis_label(ax, 'y'),
+            'top_x': _get_duplicate_axis_label(ax, 'top', _get_primary_axis_label(ax, 'x')),
+            'right_y': _get_duplicate_axis_label(ax, 'right', _get_primary_axis_label(ax, 'y')),
+        }
+        # Save curve names visibility
+        sess['curve_names_visible'] = bool(getattr(fig, '_curve_names_visible', True))
+        # Save stack/legend anchor preferences
+        sess['stack_label_at_bottom'] = bool(getattr(fig, '_stack_label_at_bottom', False))
+        sess['label_anchor_left'] = bool(getattr(fig, '_label_anchor_left', False))
+        # Save grid state
+        sess['grid'] = ax.xaxis._gridOnMajor if hasattr(ax.xaxis, '_gridOnMajor') else False
+        if skip_confirm:
+            target = filename
+        else:
+            target = _confirm_overwrite(filename)
+            if not target:
+                print("Session save canceled.")
+                return
+        # Ensure exact case is preserved (important for macOS case-insensitive filesystem)
+        from .utils import ensure_exact_case_filename
+        target = ensure_exact_case_filename(target)
+        
+        with open(target, 'wb') as f:
+            pickle.dump(sess, f)
+        print(f"Session saved to {target}")
+    except Exception as e:  # pragma: no cover - defensive path
+        print(f"Error saving session: {e}")
+
+# --------------------- Operando + EC combined session helpers --------------------
+
+def dump_operando_session(
+    filename: str,
+    *,
+    fig,
+    ax,      # operando axes
+    im,      # AxesImage for operando
+    cbar,    # Colorbar object
+    ec_ax=None,
+    skip_confirm: bool = False,
+) -> None:
+    """Serialize the current operando+EC interactive session to a pickle file.
+
+    Captures enough state to reconstruct the figure layout, operando image,
+    colorbar, and optional EC panel including ions-mode formatting.
+    
+    Args:
+        skip_confirm: If True, skip overwrite confirmation (already handled by caller).
+    """
+    try:
+        # Figure & inches geometry
+        fig_w, fig_h = map(float, fig.get_size_inches())
+        dpi = int(fig.dpi)
+        # Layout in inches (group-centered on restore)
+        ax_x0, ax_y0, ax_wf, ax_hf = ax.get_position().bounds
+        cb_x0, cb_y0, cb_wf, cb_hf = cbar.ax.get_position().bounds
+        if ec_ax is not None:
+            ec_x0, ec_y0, ec_wf, ec_hf = ec_ax.get_position().bounds
+        else:
+            ec_x0 = ec_y0 = ec_wf = ec_hf = 0.0
+        # Prefer using fixed attributes if they exist (more reliable than calculating from positions)
+        cb_w_in = getattr(cbar.ax, '_fixed_cb_w_in', cb_wf * fig_w)
+        cb_gap_in = getattr(cbar.ax, '_fixed_cb_gap_in', (ax_x0 - (cb_x0 + cb_wf)) * fig_w)
+        ax_w_in = getattr(ax, '_fixed_ax_w_in', ax_wf * fig_w)
+        ax_h_in = getattr(ax, '_fixed_ax_h_in', ax_hf * fig_h)
+        if ec_ax is not None:
+            ec_gap_in = getattr(ec_ax, '_fixed_ec_gap_in', (ec_x0 - (ax_x0 + ax_wf)) * fig_w)
+            ec_w_in = getattr(ec_ax, '_fixed_ec_w_in', ec_wf * fig_w)
+        else:
+            ec_gap_in = 0.0
+            ec_w_in = 0.0
+
+        # Operando image state
+        import numpy as _np
+        arr = im.get_array()
+        # Use masked arrays to preserve NaNs if present
+        data = _np.array(arr)  # preserves mask where possible
+        extent = tuple(map(float, im.get_extent())) if hasattr(im, 'get_extent') else None
+        # Get colormap name: first check if we stored it explicitly, otherwise try to get from colormap object
+        cmap_name = getattr(im, '_operando_cmap_name', None)
+        if cmap_name is None:
+            cmap_name = getattr(im.get_cmap(), 'name', None)
+        clim = tuple(map(float, im.get_clim())) if hasattr(im, 'get_clim') else None
+        origin = getattr(im, 'origin', 'upper')
+        interpolation = getattr(im, 'get_interpolation', lambda: None)() or 'nearest'
+
+        # Labels and limits for operando
+        # Capture label text and padding (labelpad)
+        try:
+            _xlp = float(getattr(ax.xaxis, 'labelpad', 0.0))
+        except Exception:
+            _xlp = 0.0
+        try:
+            _ylp = float(getattr(ax.yaxis, 'labelpad', 0.0))
+        except Exception:
+            _ylp = 0.0
+        op_labels = {
+            'xlabel': ax.get_xlabel(),
+            'ylabel': ax.get_ylabel(),
+            'xlim': tuple(map(float, ax.get_xlim())),
+            'ylim': tuple(map(float, ax.get_ylim())),
+            'x_labelpad': _xlp,
+            'y_labelpad': _ylp,
+        }
+        op_custom = getattr(ax, '_custom_labels', {'x': None, 'y': None})
+
+        # Colorbar label (Colorbar lacks get_label in some versions; use its axes ylabel)
+        try:
+            cb_label = cbar.ax.get_ylabel()
+        except Exception:
+            cb_label = ''
+        # Capture color scale limits (clim) through the mappable
+        try:
+            cb_clim = tuple(map(float, im.get_clim()))
+        except Exception:
+            cb_clim = None
+
+        # Helper to capture WASD state for an axis
+        def _capture_wasd_state(axis):
+            ts = getattr(axis, '_saved_tick_state', {})
+            wasd = {}
+            for side in ('top', 'bottom', 'left', 'right'):
+                sp = axis.spines.get(side)
+                prefix = {'top': 't', 'bottom': 'b', 'left': 'l', 'right': 'r'}[side]
+                # For 'left' side ylabel: check if it's currently visible (has text)
+                # If hidden but has stored text, the title state should be False (hidden)
+                if side == 'left':
+                    ylabel_text = axis.get_ylabel()
+                    title_state = bool(ylabel_text)  # True only if currently visible with text
+                elif side == 'bottom':
+                    title_state = bool(axis.get_xlabel())
+                elif side == 'top':
+                    title_state = bool(getattr(axis, '_top_xlabel_on', False))
+                elif side == 'right':
+                    title_state = bool(getattr(axis, '_right_ylabel_on', False))
+                else:
+                    title_state = False
+                
+                wasd[side] = {
+                    'spine': bool(sp.get_visible() if sp else False),
+                    'ticks': bool(ts.get(f'{prefix}_ticks', ts.get({'top':'tx','bottom':'bx','left':'ly','right':'ry'}[side], side=='bottom' or side=='left'))),
+                    'minor': bool(ts.get(f'm{prefix}x' if side in ('top','bottom') else f'm{prefix}y', False)),
+                    'labels': bool(ts.get(f'{prefix}_labels', ts.get({'top':'tx','bottom':'bx','left':'ly','right':'ry'}[side], side=='bottom' or side=='left'))),
+                    'title': title_state,
+                }
+            return wasd
+        
+        # Helper to capture spine and tick widths
+        def _capture_spine_tick_widths(axis):
+            spines = {}
+            for name in ('bottom', 'top', 'left', 'right'):
+                sp = axis.spines.get(name)
+                if sp:
+                    spines[name] = {
+                        'linewidth': float(sp.get_linewidth()),
+                        'visible': bool(sp.get_visible()),
+                        'color': sp.get_edgecolor()
+                    }
+            
+            ticks = {
+                'x_major': _current_tick_width(axis.xaxis, 'major'),
+                'x_minor': _current_tick_width(axis.xaxis, 'minor'),
+                'y_major': _current_tick_width(axis.yaxis, 'major'),
+                'y_minor': _current_tick_width(axis.yaxis, 'minor'),
+            }
+            return spines, ticks
+        
+        # Capture operando WASD state, spines, and tick widths
+        op_wasd_state = _capture_wasd_state(ax)
+        op_spines, op_ticks = _capture_spine_tick_widths(ax)
+        
+        # Capture operando title offsets
+        op_title_offsets = {
+            'top_y': float(getattr(ax, '_top_xlabel_manual_offset_y_pts', 0.0) or 0.0),
+            'top_x': float(getattr(ax, '_top_xlabel_manual_offset_x_pts', 0.0) or 0.0),
+            'bottom_y': float(getattr(ax, '_bottom_xlabel_manual_offset_y_pts', 0.0) or 0.0),
+            'left_x': float(getattr(ax, '_left_ylabel_manual_offset_x_pts', 0.0) or 0.0),
+            'right_x': float(getattr(ax, '_right_ylabel_manual_offset_x_pts', 0.0) or 0.0),
+            'right_y': float(getattr(ax, '_right_ylabel_manual_offset_y_pts', 0.0) or 0.0),
+        }
+
+        # EC panel (optional)
+        ec_state = None
+        if ec_ax is not None:
+            time_h = _np.asarray(getattr(ec_ax, '_ec_time_h', []), float)
+            volt_v = _np.asarray(getattr(ec_ax, '_ec_voltage_v', []), float)
+            curr_mA = _np.asarray(getattr(ec_ax, '_ec_current_mA', []), float)
+            mode = getattr(ec_ax, '_ec_y_mode', 'time')
+            xlim = tuple(map(float, ec_ax.get_xlim()))
+            ylim = tuple(map(float, ec_ax.get_ylim()))
+            # Persist prior time-mode ylim and any ions array/params
+            saved_time_ylim = getattr(ec_ax, '_saved_time_ylim', None)
+            ions_abs = _np.asarray(getattr(ec_ax, '_ions_abs', []), float) if getattr(ec_ax, '_ions_abs', None) is not None else None
+            ion_params = getattr(ec_ax, '_ion_params', None)
+            custom = getattr(ec_ax, '_custom_labels', {'x': None, 'y_time': None, 'y_ions': None})
+            # EC line style (if present)
+            ln = getattr(ec_ax, '_ec_line', None)
+            if ln is None and getattr(ec_ax, 'lines', None):
+                try:
+                    ln = ec_ax.lines[0]
+                except Exception:
+                    ln = None
+            line_style = None
+            if ln is not None:
+                try:
+                    line_style = {
+                        'color': ln.get_color(),
+                        'linewidth': float(ln.get_linewidth() or 1.0),
+                        'linestyle': ln.get_linestyle() or '-',
+                        'alpha': ln.get_alpha(),
+                    }
+                except Exception:
+                    line_style = None
+            
+            # Capture EC WASD state, spines, and tick widths
+            ec_wasd_state = _capture_wasd_state(ec_ax)
+            ec_spines, ec_ticks = _capture_spine_tick_widths(ec_ax)
+            
+            # Capture EC title offsets
+            ec_title_offsets = {
+                'top_y': float(getattr(ec_ax, '_top_xlabel_manual_offset_y_pts', 0.0) or 0.0),
+                'top_x': float(getattr(ec_ax, '_top_xlabel_manual_offset_x_pts', 0.0) or 0.0),
+                'bottom_y': float(getattr(ec_ax, '_bottom_xlabel_manual_offset_y_pts', 0.0) or 0.0),
+                'left_x': float(getattr(ec_ax, '_left_ylabel_manual_offset_x_pts', 0.0) or 0.0),
+                'right_x': float(getattr(ec_ax, '_right_ylabel_manual_offset_x_pts', 0.0) or 0.0),
+                'right_y': float(getattr(ec_ax, '_right_ylabel_manual_offset_y_pts', 0.0) or 0.0),
+            }
+            
+            ec_state = {
+                'time_h': time_h,
+                'volt_v': volt_v,
+                'curr_mA': curr_mA,
+                'mode': mode,
+                'xlim': xlim,
+                'ylim': ylim,
+                'saved_time_ylim': tuple(map(float, saved_time_ylim)) if isinstance(saved_time_ylim, (list, tuple)) else None,
+                'ions_abs': ions_abs,
+                'ion_params': ion_params,
+                'custom_labels': custom,
+                'line_style': line_style,
+                'wasd_state': ec_wasd_state,
+                'spines': ec_spines,
+                'ticks': {'widths': ec_ticks},
+                'title_offsets': ec_title_offsets,
+                'stored_ylabel': getattr(ec_ax, '_stored_ylabel', None),  # Save hidden ylabel text
+                'visible': bool(ec_ax.get_visible()),
+            }
+
+        # Get horizontal offsets if they exist
+        cb_h_offset = getattr(cbar.ax, '_cb_h_offset_in', 0.0)
+        ec_h_offset = getattr(ec_ax, '_ec_h_offset_in', 0.0) if ec_ax is not None else None
+        
+        sess = {
+            'kind': 'operando_ec',
+            'version': 2,
+            'figure': {'size': (fig_w, fig_h), 'dpi': dpi},
+            'layout_inches': {
+                'cb_w_in': cb_w_in,
+                'cb_gap_in': cb_gap_in,
+                'ax_w_in': ax_w_in,
+                'ax_h_in': ax_h_in,
+                'ec_gap_in': ec_gap_in,
+                'ec_w_in': ec_w_in,
+                'cb_h_offset': float(cb_h_offset),
+                'ec_h_offset': float(ec_h_offset) if ec_h_offset is not None else None,
+            },
+            'operando': {
+                'array': data,
+                'extent': extent,
+                'cmap': cmap_name,
+                'clim': clim,
+                'origin': origin,
+                'interpolation': interpolation,
+                'labels': op_labels,
+                'custom_labels': op_custom,
+                'wasd_state': op_wasd_state,
+                'spines': op_spines,
+                'ticks': {'widths': op_ticks},
+                'title_offsets': op_title_offsets,
+                'stored_ylabel': getattr(ax, '_stored_ylabel', None),  # Save hidden ylabel text
+            },
+            'colorbar': {
+                'label': cb_label,
+                'clim': cb_clim,
+                'visible': bool(cbar.ax.get_visible()),
+                'label_mode': getattr(fig, '_colorbar_label_mode', 'normal'),
+            },
+            'ec': ec_state,
+            'font': {
+                'size': plt.rcParams.get('font.size'),
+                'chain': list(plt.rcParams.get('font.sans-serif', [])),
+            },
+        }
+        if skip_confirm:
+            target = filename
+        else:
+            target = _confirm_overwrite(filename)
+            if not target:
+                print("Session save canceled.")
+                return
+        # Ensure exact case is preserved (important for macOS case-insensitive filesystem)
+        from .utils import ensure_exact_case_filename
+        target = ensure_exact_case_filename(target)
+        
+        with open(target, 'wb') as f:
+            pickle.dump(sess, f)
+        print(f"Operando session saved to {target}")
+    except Exception as e:  # pragma: no cover - defensive path
+        print(f"Error saving operando session: {e}")
+
+
+def load_operando_session(filename: str):
+    """Load an operando+EC session (.pkl) and reconstruct figure and axes.
+
+    Returns: (fig, ax, im, cbar, ec_ax)
+    """
+    try:
+        with open(filename, 'rb') as f:
+            sess = pickle.load(f)
+    except Exception as e:
+        print(f"Failed to load session: {e}")
+        return None
+
+    if not isinstance(sess, dict) or sess.get('kind') != 'operando_ec':
+        print("Not an operando+EC session file.")
+        return None
+
+    # Use standard DPI of 100 instead of saved DPI to avoid display-dependent issues
+    # (Retina displays, Windows scaling, etc. can cause saved DPI to differ)
+    fig = plt.figure(figsize=tuple(sess['figure']['size']), dpi=100)
+    # Disable automatic layout adjustments to preserve saved geometry
+    try:
+        fig.set_layout_engine('none')
+    except Exception:
+        try:
+            fig.set_tight_layout(False)
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+    W, H = map(float, fig.get_size_inches())
+    li = sess['layout_inches']
+    cb_wf = max(0.0, float(li['cb_w_in']) / W)
+    cb_gap_f = max(0.0, float(li['cb_gap_in']) / W)
+    ax_wf = max(0.0, float(li['ax_w_in']) / W)
+    ax_hf = max(0.0, float(li['ax_h_in']) / H)
+    ec_wf = max(0.0, float(li.get('ec_w_in', 0.0)) / W)
+    ec_gap_f = max(0.0, float(li.get('ec_gap_in', 0.0)) / W)
+
+    total_wf = cb_wf + cb_gap_f + ax_wf + ec_gap_f + ec_wf
+    group_left = 0.5 - total_wf / 2.0
+    y0 = 0.5 - ax_hf / 2.0
+
+    # Axes positions
+    cb_x0 = group_left
+    ax_x0 = cb_x0 + cb_wf + cb_gap_f
+    ec_x0 = ax_x0 + ax_wf + ec_gap_f if ec_wf > 0 else None
+
+    # Create axes
+    ax = fig.add_axes([ax_x0, y0, ax_wf, ax_hf])
+    cbar_ax = fig.add_axes([cb_x0, y0, cb_wf, ax_hf])
+
+    # Recreate operando image
+    from numpy import ma as _ma
+    op = sess['operando']
+    arr = _ma.masked_invalid(op['array'])
+    extent = tuple(op['extent']) if op['extent'] is not None else None
+    cmap_name = op.get('cmap') or 'viridis'
+    try:
+        if not ensure_colormap(cmap_name):
+            cmap_name = 'viridis'
+    except Exception:
+        cmap_name = 'viridis'
+    im = ax.imshow(arr, aspect='auto', origin=op.get('origin', 'upper'), extent=extent,
+                   cmap=cmap_name, interpolation=op.get('interpolation', 'nearest'))
+    # Store the colormap name explicitly so it can be retrieved reliably when saving
+    setattr(im, '_operando_cmap_name', cmap_name)
+    if op.get('clim'):
+        try:
+            im.set_clim(*op['clim'])
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+    
+    # Apply operando WASD state if version 2+ (BEFORE restoring labels!)
+    version = sess.get('version', 1)
+    if version >= 2:
+        op_wasd = op.get('wasd_state')
+        if op_wasd and isinstance(op_wasd, dict):
+            from matplotlib.ticker import AutoMinorLocator, NullFormatter
+            try:
+                # Apply spines
+                for side in ('top', 'bottom', 'left', 'right'):
+                    if side in op_wasd and 'spine' in op_wasd[side]:
+                        sp = ax.spines.get(side)
+                        if sp:
+                            sp.set_visible(bool(op_wasd[side]['spine']))
+                # Apply ticks
+                ax.tick_params(axis='x', 
+                              top=bool(op_wasd.get('top', {}).get('ticks', False)),
+                              bottom=bool(op_wasd.get('bottom', {}).get('ticks', True)),
+                              labeltop=bool(op_wasd.get('top', {}).get('labels', False)),
+                              labelbottom=bool(op_wasd.get('bottom', {}).get('labels', True)))
+                ax.tick_params(axis='y',
+                              left=bool(op_wasd.get('left', {}).get('ticks', True)),
+                              right=bool(op_wasd.get('right', {}).get('ticks', False)),
+                              labelleft=bool(op_wasd.get('left', {}).get('labels', True)),
+                              labelright=bool(op_wasd.get('right', {}).get('labels', False)))
+                # Apply minor ticks
+                if op_wasd.get('top', {}).get('minor') or op_wasd.get('bottom', {}).get('minor'):
+                    ax.xaxis.set_minor_locator(AutoMinorLocator())
+                    ax.xaxis.set_minor_formatter(NullFormatter())
+                ax.tick_params(axis='x', which='minor',
+                              top=bool(op_wasd.get('top', {}).get('minor', False)),
+                              bottom=bool(op_wasd.get('bottom', {}).get('minor', False)))
+                if op_wasd.get('left', {}).get('minor') or op_wasd.get('right', {}).get('minor'):
+                    ax.yaxis.set_minor_locator(AutoMinorLocator())
+                    ax.yaxis.set_minor_formatter(NullFormatter())
+                ax.tick_params(axis='y', which='minor',
+                              left=bool(op_wasd.get('left', {}).get('minor', False)),
+                              right=bool(op_wasd.get('right', {}).get('minor', False)))
+                # Store WASD state
+                op_ts = {}
+                for side_key, prefix in [('top', 't'), ('bottom', 'b'), ('left', 'l'), ('right', 'r')]:
+                    s = op_wasd.get(side_key, {})
+                    op_ts[f'{prefix}_ticks'] = bool(s.get('ticks', False))
+                    op_ts[f'{prefix}_labels'] = bool(s.get('labels', False))
+                    op_ts[f'm{prefix}x' if prefix in 'tb' else f'm{prefix}y'] = bool(s.get('minor', False))
+                ax._saved_tick_state = op_ts
+                # Apply title flags (must be set before restoring labels below)
+                ax._top_xlabel_on = bool(op_wasd.get('top', {}).get('title', False))
+                ax._right_ylabel_on = bool(op_wasd.get('right', {}).get('title', False))
+            except Exception as e:
+                print(f"Warning: Could not apply operando WASD state: {e}")
+    else:
+        # For version 1 pkl files, assume default visibility
+        op_wasd = None
+    
+    # Restore labels and labelpad (respecting WASD title state)
+    # Bottom xlabel: restore if title is True (default) or if no WASD state
+    bottom_title_on = op_wasd.get('bottom', {}).get('title', True) if op_wasd else True
+    if bottom_title_on:
+        ax.set_xlabel(op['labels'].get('xlabel') or '')
+        try:
+            lp = op['labels'].get('x_labelpad')
+            if lp is not None:
+                ax.set_xlabel(ax.get_xlabel(), labelpad=float(lp))
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+    else:
+        ax.set_xlabel('')  # Hidden by user via s5
+    
+    # Left ylabel: restore if title is True (default) or if no WASD state
+    left_title_on = op_wasd.get('left', {}).get('title', True) if op_wasd else True
+    if left_title_on:
+        ax.set_ylabel(op['labels'].get('ylabel') or 'Scan index')
+        try:
+            lp = op['labels'].get('y_labelpad')
+            if lp is not None:
+                ax.set_ylabel(ax.get_ylabel(), labelpad=float(lp))
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+    else:
+        ax.set_ylabel('')  # Hidden by user via a5
+    
+    try:
+        ax.set_xlim(*op['labels']['xlim'])
+        ax.set_ylim(*op['labels']['ylim'])
+    except Exception:
+        pass
+    # Persist custom labels
+    setattr(ax, '_custom_labels', dict(op.get('custom_labels', {'x': None, 'y': None})))
+    
+    # Restore stored ylabel if present (for cases where ylabel was hidden with a5)
+    stored_ylabel = op.get('stored_ylabel')
+    if stored_ylabel is not None:
+        setattr(ax, '_stored_ylabel', stored_ylabel)
+    
+    # Restore operando title offsets
+    try:
+        op_title_offsets = op.get('title_offsets', {})
+        if op_title_offsets:
+            ax._top_xlabel_manual_offset_y_pts = float(op_title_offsets.get('top_y', 0.0) or 0.0)
+            ax._top_xlabel_manual_offset_x_pts = float(op_title_offsets.get('top_x', 0.0) or 0.0)
+            ax._bottom_xlabel_manual_offset_y_pts = float(op_title_offsets.get('bottom_y', 0.0) or 0.0)
+            ax._left_ylabel_manual_offset_x_pts = float(op_title_offsets.get('left_x', 0.0) or 0.0)
+            ax._right_ylabel_manual_offset_x_pts = float(op_title_offsets.get('right_x', 0.0) or 0.0)
+            ax._right_ylabel_manual_offset_y_pts = float(op_title_offsets.get('right_y', 0.0) or 0.0)
+    except Exception:
+        pass
+        
+        # Apply operando spines
+        op_spines = op.get('spines', {})
+        if op_spines:
+            try:
+                for name, props in op_spines.items():
+                    sp = ax.spines.get(name)
+                    if not sp:
+                        continue
+                    if 'linewidth' in props and props['linewidth'] is not None:
+                        try:
+                            sp.set_linewidth(float(props['linewidth']))
+                        except Exception:
+                            pass
+                    if 'visible' in props and props['visible'] is not None:
+                        try:
+                            sp.set_visible(bool(props['visible']))
+                        except Exception:
+                            pass
+                    if 'color' in props and props['color'] is not None:
+                        try:
+                            sp.set_edgecolor(props['color'])
+                            if name in ('top', 'bottom'):
+                                ax.tick_params(axis='x', which='both', colors=props['color'])
+                                ax.xaxis.label.set_color(props['color'])
+                            else:
+                                ax.tick_params(axis='y', which='both', colors=props['color'])
+                                ax.yaxis.label.set_color(props['color'])
+                        except Exception:
+                            pass
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+        
+        # Apply operando tick widths
+        op_tick_widths = op.get('ticks', {}).get('widths', {})
+        if op_tick_widths:
+            try:
+                if op_tick_widths.get('x_major'): ax.tick_params(axis='x', which='major', width=op_tick_widths['x_major'])
+                if op_tick_widths.get('x_minor'): ax.tick_params(axis='x', which='minor', width=op_tick_widths['x_minor'])
+                if op_tick_widths.get('y_major'): ax.tick_params(axis='y', which='major', width=op_tick_widths['y_major'])
+                if op_tick_widths.get('y_minor'): ax.tick_params(axis='y', which='minor', width=op_tick_widths['y_minor'])
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+
+    # Colorbar
+    from matplotlib.colorbar import Colorbar as _Colorbar
+    cbar = _Colorbar(cbar_ax, im)
+    cbar.ax.yaxis.set_ticks_position('left')
+    cbar.ax.yaxis.set_label_position('left')
+    try:
+        cb_meta = sess.get('colorbar', {})
+        label_text = cb_meta.get('label')
+        label_mode = cb_meta.get('label_mode', 'normal')
+        # Set label on the colorbar's axes for better compatibility
+        try:
+            cbar.ax.set_ylabel(label_text or '')
+        except Exception:
+            cbar.set_label(label_text or '')
+        if cb_meta.get('clim'):
+            try:
+                im.set_clim(*cb_meta['clim'])
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+        # Persist custom colorbar attributes for interactive mode
+        setattr(cbar.ax, '_colorbar_label', label_text or (cbar.ax.get_ylabel() or 'Intensity'))
+        setattr(cbar.ax, '_colorbar_label_mode', label_mode)
+        setattr(cbar.ax, '_colorbar_im', im)
+        setattr(fig, '_colorbar_label_mode', label_mode)
+    except Exception:
+        pass
+
+    # Optional EC panel
+    ec_ax = None
+    if ec_wf > 0 and ec_x0 is not None:
+        ec_ax = fig.add_axes([ec_x0, y0, ec_wf, ax_hf])
+        # Basic line
+        ec = sess.get('ec') or {}
+        th = ec.get('time_h')
+        vv = ec.get('volt_v')
+        if th is not None and vv is not None and len(th) == len(vv) and len(th) > 0:
+            # Apply saved style or defaults
+            st = (ec.get('line_style') or {})
+            color = st.get('color', 'tab:blue')
+            lw = float(st.get('linewidth', 1.0) or 1.0)
+            ls = st.get('linestyle', '-') or '-'
+            alpha = st.get('alpha', None)
+            ln, = ec_ax.plot(vv, th, lw=lw, color=color, linestyle=ls, alpha=alpha)
+            setattr(ec_ax, '_ec_line', ln)
+        
+        # Stash arrays for interactivity
+        setattr(ec_ax, '_ec_time_h', th)
+        setattr(ec_ax, '_ec_voltage_v', vv)
+        setattr(ec_ax, '_ec_current_mA', ec.get('curr_mA'))
+        # Limits
+        try:
+            if ec.get('xlim'): ec_ax.set_xlim(*ec['xlim'])
+            if ec.get('ylim'): ec_ax.set_ylim(*ec['ylim'])
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+        # Ticks/labels on right
+        try:
+            ec_ax.yaxis.tick_right(); ec_ax.yaxis.set_label_position('right')
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+        # Custom labels storage
+        setattr(ec_ax, '_custom_labels', dict(ec.get('custom_labels', {'x': None, 'y_time': None, 'y_ions': None})))
+        # Persist saved time ylim
+        if isinstance(ec.get('saved_time_ylim'), (list, tuple)):
+            setattr(ec_ax, '_saved_time_ylim', tuple(ec['saved_time_ylim']))
+        
+        # Apply EC WASD state BEFORE setting labels (if version 2+)
+        ec_wasd = None
+        if version >= 2:
+            ec_wasd = ec.get('wasd_state')
+            if ec_wasd and isinstance(ec_wasd, dict):
+                from matplotlib.ticker import AutoMinorLocator, NullFormatter
+                try:
+                    # Apply spines
+                    for side in ('top', 'bottom', 'left', 'right'):
+                        if side in ec_wasd and 'spine' in ec_wasd[side]:
+                            sp = ec_ax.spines.get(side)
+                            if sp:
+                                sp.set_visible(bool(ec_wasd[side]['spine']))
+                    # Apply ticks
+                    ec_ax.tick_params(axis='x',
+                                     top=bool(ec_wasd.get('top', {}).get('ticks', False)),
+                                     bottom=bool(ec_wasd.get('bottom', {}).get('ticks', True)),
+                                     labeltop=bool(ec_wasd.get('top', {}).get('labels', False)),
+                                     labelbottom=bool(ec_wasd.get('bottom', {}).get('labels', True)))
+                    ec_ax.tick_params(axis='y',
+                                     left=bool(ec_wasd.get('left', {}).get('ticks', True)),
+                                     right=bool(ec_wasd.get('right', {}).get('ticks', False)),
+                                     labelleft=bool(ec_wasd.get('left', {}).get('labels', True)),
+                                     labelright=bool(ec_wasd.get('right', {}).get('labels', False)))
+                    # Apply minor ticks
+                    if ec_wasd.get('top', {}).get('minor') or ec_wasd.get('bottom', {}).get('minor'):
+                        ec_ax.xaxis.set_minor_locator(AutoMinorLocator())
+                        ec_ax.xaxis.set_minor_formatter(NullFormatter())
+                    ec_ax.tick_params(axis='x', which='minor',
+                                     top=bool(ec_wasd.get('top', {}).get('minor', False)),
+                                     bottom=bool(ec_wasd.get('bottom', {}).get('minor', False)))
+                    if ec_wasd.get('left', {}).get('minor') or ec_wasd.get('right', {}).get('minor'):
+                        ec_ax.yaxis.set_minor_locator(AutoMinorLocator())
+                        ec_ax.yaxis.set_minor_formatter(NullFormatter())
+                    ec_ax.tick_params(axis='y', which='minor',
+                                     left=bool(ec_wasd.get('left', {}).get('minor', False)),
+                                     right=bool(ec_wasd.get('right', {}).get('minor', False)))
+                    # Store WASD state
+                    ec_ts = {}
+                    for side_key, prefix in [('top', 't'), ('bottom', 'b'), ('left', 'l'), ('right', 'r')]:
+                        s = ec_wasd.get(side_key, {})
+                        ec_ts[f'{prefix}_ticks'] = bool(s.get('ticks', False))
+                        ec_ts[f'{prefix}_labels'] = bool(s.get('labels', False))
+                        ec_ts[f'm{prefix}x' if prefix in 'tb' else f'm{prefix}y'] = bool(s.get('minor', False))
+                    ec_ax._saved_tick_state = ec_ts
+                    # Apply title flags
+                    ec_ax._top_xlabel_on = bool(ec_wasd.get('top', {}).get('title', False))
+                    ec_ax._right_ylabel_on = bool(ec_wasd.get('right', {}).get('title', False))
+                except Exception as e:
+                    print(f"Warning: Could not apply EC WASD state: {e}")
+        
+        # Set xlabel (respecting WASD title state for bottom)
+        bottom_title_on = ec_wasd.get('bottom', {}).get('title', True) if ec_wasd else True
+        if bottom_title_on:
+            ec_ax.set_xlabel((ec.get('custom_labels') or {}).get('x') or 'Voltage (V)')
+        else:
+            ec_ax.set_xlabel('')  # Hidden by user via s5
+        
+        # Handle ions mode
+        mode = ec.get('mode', 'time')
+        setattr(ec_ax, '_ec_y_mode', mode)
+        if mode == 'ions':
+            try:
+                # Rebuild ions formatter based on stored ions array if present; else leave time labels
+                import numpy as _np
+                t = _np.asarray(th, float)
+                ions_abs = ec.get('ions_abs')
+                ion_params = ec.get('ion_params')
+                if ions_abs is None and ion_params and t is not None:
+                    # Fallback: recompute ions from params
+                    i_mA = _np.asarray(ec.get('curr_mA'), float)
+                    v = _np.asarray(vv, float)
+                    dt = _np.diff(t)
+                    inc = _np.empty_like(t); inc[0] = 0.0
+                    if t.size > 1:
+                        inc[1:] = 0.5 * (i_mA[:-1] + i_mA[1:]) * dt
+                    cap_mAh = _np.cumsum(inc)
+                    mass_g = float(ion_params.get('mass_mg', 0.0)) / 1000.0
+                    with _np.errstate(divide='ignore', invalid='ignore'):
+                        cap_mAh_g = _np.where(mass_g>0, cap_mAh / mass_g, _np.nan)
+                        ions_delta = _np.where(ion_params.get('cap_per_ion_mAh_g', 0.0)>0,
+                                               cap_mAh_g / float(ion_params['cap_per_ion_mAh_g']), _np.nan)
+                    ions_abs = float(ion_params.get('start_ions', 0.0)) + ions_delta
+                if ions_abs is not None and t is not None and len(ions_abs) == len(t):
+                    setattr(ec_ax, '_ions_abs', _np.asarray(ions_abs, float))
+                    # Install formatter and label
+                    from matplotlib.ticker import FuncFormatter, MaxNLocator
+                    y0, y1 = ec_ax.get_ylim()
+                    ions_y0 = float(_np.interp(y0, t, ions_abs, left=ions_abs[0], right=ions_abs[-1]))
+                    ions_y1 = float(_np.interp(y1, t, ions_abs, left=ions_abs[0], right=ions_abs[-1]))
+                    rng = abs(ions_y1 - ions_y0)
+                    def _nice_step(r, approx=6):
+                        if not _np.isfinite(r) or r <= 0:
+                            return 1.0
+                        raw = r / max(1, approx)
+                        exp = _np.floor(_np.log10(raw))
+                        base = raw / (10**exp)
+                        if base < 1.5: step = 1.0
+                        elif base < 3.5: step = 2.0
+                        elif base < 7.5: step = 5.0
+                        else: step = 10.0
+                        return step * (10**exp)
+                    step = _nice_step(rng)
+                    def _fmt(y, pos):
+                        try:
+                            val = float(_np.interp(y, t, ions_abs, left=ions_abs[0], right=ions_abs[-1]))
+                            if step > 0:
+                                val = round(val / step) * step
+                            s = ("%f" % val).rstrip('0').rstrip('.')
+                            return s
+                        except Exception:
+                            return ""
+                    ec_ax.yaxis.set_major_formatter(FuncFormatter(_fmt))
+                    ec_ax.yaxis.set_major_locator(MaxNLocator(nbins='auto', steps=[1,2,5], min_n_ticks=4))
+                    # Label (custom if set) - respect WASD right title state
+                    right_title_on = ec_wasd.get('right', {}).get('title', True) if ec_wasd else True
+                    if right_title_on:
+                        lab = (ec_ax._custom_labels.get('y_ions') if getattr(ec_ax, '_custom_labels', {}).get('y_ions') else 'Number of ions')
+                        ec_ax.set_ylabel(lab)
+                    else:
+                        ec_ax.set_ylabel('')  # Hidden by user via d5
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+        else:
+            # Time mode label - respect WASD right title state
+            right_title_on = ec_wasd.get('right', {}).get('title', True) if ec_wasd else True
+            if right_title_on:
+                lab = (ec_ax._custom_labels.get('y_time') if getattr(ec_ax, '_custom_labels', {}).get('y_time') else 'Time (h)')
+                try:
+                    ec_ax.set_ylabel(lab)
+                except Exception:
+                    pass
+            else:
+                ec_ax.set_ylabel('')  # Hidden by user via d5
+        
+        # Restore stored ylabel if present (for cases where ylabel was hidden)
+        stored_ylabel = ec.get('stored_ylabel')
+        if stored_ylabel is not None:
+            setattr(ec_ax, '_stored_ylabel', stored_ylabel)
+        
+        # Restore EC title offsets
+        try:
+            ec_title_offsets = ec.get('title_offsets', {})
+            if ec_title_offsets:
+                ec_ax._top_xlabel_manual_offset_y_pts = float(ec_title_offsets.get('top_y', 0.0) or 0.0)
+                ec_ax._top_xlabel_manual_offset_x_pts = float(ec_title_offsets.get('top_x', 0.0) or 0.0)
+                ec_ax._bottom_xlabel_manual_offset_y_pts = float(ec_title_offsets.get('bottom_y', 0.0) or 0.0)
+                ec_ax._left_ylabel_manual_offset_x_pts = float(ec_title_offsets.get('left_x', 0.0) or 0.0)
+                ec_ax._right_ylabel_manual_offset_x_pts = float(ec_title_offsets.get('right_x', 0.0) or 0.0)
+                ec_ax._right_ylabel_manual_offset_y_pts = float(ec_title_offsets.get('right_y', 0.0) or 0.0)
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+        
+        # Apply EC spines (WASD state already applied above)
+        if version >= 2:
+            # Apply EC spines
+            ec_spines = ec.get('spines', {})
+            if ec_spines:
+                try:
+                    for name, props in ec_spines.items():
+                        sp = ec_ax.spines.get(name)
+                        if not sp:
+                            continue
+                        if 'linewidth' in props and props['linewidth'] is not None:
+                            try:
+                                sp.set_linewidth(float(props['linewidth']))
+                            except Exception:
+                                pass
+                        if 'visible' in props and props['visible'] is not None:
+                            try:
+                                sp.set_visible(bool(props['visible']))
+                            except Exception:
+                                pass
+                        if 'color' in props and props['color'] is not None:
+                            try:
+                                sp.set_edgecolor(props['color'])
+                                if name in ('top', 'bottom'):
+                                    ec_ax.tick_params(axis='x', which='both', colors=props['color'])
+                                    ec_ax.xaxis.label.set_color(props['color'])
+                                else:
+                                    ec_ax.tick_params(axis='y', which='both', colors=props['color'])
+                                    ec_ax.yaxis.label.set_color(props['color'])
+                            except Exception:
+                                pass
+                except Exception:
+                    pass
+            
+            # Apply EC tick widths
+            ec_tick_widths = ec.get('ticks', {}).get('widths', {})
+            if ec_tick_widths:
+                try:
+                    if ec_tick_widths.get('x_major'): ec_ax.tick_params(axis='x', which='major', width=ec_tick_widths['x_major'])
+                    if ec_tick_widths.get('x_minor'): ec_ax.tick_params(axis='x', which='minor', width=ec_tick_widths['x_minor'])
+                    if ec_tick_widths.get('y_major'): ec_ax.tick_params(axis='y', which='major', width=ec_tick_widths['y_major'])
+                    if ec_tick_widths.get('y_minor'): ec_ax.tick_params(axis='y', which='minor', width=ec_tick_widths['y_minor'])
+                except Exception:
+                    pass
+
+    # Persist fixed inch parameters from loaded session to attributes
+    # This ensures interactive menu can read correct values
+    try:
+        setattr(cbar_ax, '_fixed_cb_w_in', float(li['cb_w_in']))
+        setattr(cbar_ax, '_fixed_cb_gap_in', float(li['cb_gap_in']))
+        setattr(cbar_ax, '_cb_gap_adjusted', True)
+        setattr(ax, '_fixed_ax_w_in', float(li['ax_w_in']))
+        setattr(ax, '_fixed_ax_h_in', float(li['ax_h_in']))
+        # Restore horizontal offsets
+        cb_h_offset = li.get('cb_h_offset', 0.0)
+        ec_h_offset = li.get('ec_h_offset')
+        setattr(cbar_ax, '_cb_h_offset_in', float(cb_h_offset))
+        if ec_ax is not None:
+            setattr(ec_ax, '_fixed_ec_gap_in', float(li.get('ec_gap_in', 0.0)))
+            setattr(ec_ax, '_fixed_ec_w_in', float(li.get('ec_w_in', 0.0)))
+            # Set flags to prevent auto-adjustment of loaded session geometry
+            setattr(ec_ax, '_ec_gap_adjusted', True)
+            setattr(ec_ax, '_ec_op_width_adjusted', True)
+            if ec_h_offset is not None:
+                setattr(ec_ax, '_ec_h_offset_in', float(ec_h_offset))
+            else:
+                setattr(ec_ax, '_ec_h_offset_in', 0.0)
+        elif ec_h_offset is not None:
+            # EC panel doesn't exist but offset was saved - ignore it
+            pass
+        
+        # Apply layout with loaded offsets to ensure visual position matches saved position
+        # This must happen after all offsets and geometry parameters are set
+        try:
+            from .operando_ec_interactive import _apply_group_layout_inches, _ensure_fixed_params
+            # Get current geometry parameters (which should match what was just loaded)
+            cb_w_i, cb_gap_i, ec_gap_i, ec_w_i, ax_w_i, ax_h_i = _ensure_fixed_params(fig, ax, cbar_ax, ec_ax)
+            # Apply layout with loaded offsets (offsets are already set as attributes above)
+            _apply_group_layout_inches(fig, ax, cbar_ax, ec_ax, ax_w_i, ax_h_i, cb_w_i, cb_gap_i, ec_gap_i, ec_w_i)
+        except Exception:
+            # If layout application fails, continue - better to have a slightly wrong layout than crash
+            pass
+    except Exception:
+        pass
+
+    # Apply saved fonts and trigger a refresh redraw
+    try:
+        f = sess.get('font', {})
+        if f.get('chain'):
+            plt.rcParams['font.family'] = 'sans-serif'
+            plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = f['chain']
+        if f.get('size'):
+            plt.rcParams['font.size'] = f['size']
+    except Exception:
+        pass
+
+    # Restore visibility states for colorbar and EC panel
+    try:
+        cb_meta = sess.get('colorbar', {})
+        cb_visible = cb_meta.get('visible', True)  # Default to visible if not saved
+        cbar.ax.set_visible(bool(cb_visible))
+    except Exception:
+        pass
+    
+    try:
+        if ec_ax is not None:
+            ec = sess.get('ec') or {}
+            ec_visible = ec.get('visible', True)  # Default to visible if not saved
+            ec_ax.set_visible(bool(ec_visible))
+    except Exception:
+        pass
+
+    # Return tuple
+    # Rebuild legend based on visible lines
+    try:
+        handles = []
+        labels = []
+        for ln in ax.lines:
+            if ln.get_visible() and not (ln.get_label() or '').startswith('_'):
+                handles.append(ln)
+                labels.append(ln.get_label() or '')
+        if handles:
+            ax.legend(handles, labels)
+        else:
+            leg = ax.get_legend()
+            if leg is not None:
+                try:
+                    leg.remove()
+                except Exception:
+                    pass
+    except Exception:
+        pass
+    try:
+        fig.canvas.draw()
+    except Exception:
+        try:
+            fig.canvas.draw_idle()
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+    return fig, ax, im, cbar, ec_ax
+
+
+__all__ = [
+    "dump_session",
+    "dump_operando_session",
+    "load_operando_session",
+    "dump_ec_session",
+    "load_ec_session",
+    "dump_cpc_session",
+    "load_cpc_session",
+]
+ 
+# --------------------- Electrochem GC session helpers ---------------------------
+
+def dump_ec_session(
+    filename: str,
+    *,
+    fig,
+    ax,
+    cycle_lines: Dict[int, Dict[str, Any]],
+    skip_confirm: bool = False,
+) -> None:
+    """Serialize electrochem GC plot (capacity vs voltage) including data and styles.
+
+    Stores figure size/dpi, axis labels/limits, and for each cycle the charge and
+    discharge line data (x,y) and basic line styles.
+    
+    Args:
+        skip_confirm: If True, skip overwrite confirmation (already handled by caller).
+    """
+    try:
+        fig_w, fig_h = map(float, fig.get_size_inches())
+        dpi = int(fig.dpi)
+        # Capture axis state
+        # Label pads
+        try:
+            _xlp = float(getattr(ax.xaxis, 'labelpad', 0.0))
+        except Exception:
+            _xlp = 0.0
+        try:
+            _ylp = float(getattr(ax.yaxis, 'labelpad', 0.0))
+        except Exception:
+            _ylp = 0.0
+        axis = {
+            'xlabel': _axis_label_text(ax, '_stored_xlabel', ax.get_xlabel),
+            'ylabel': _axis_label_text(ax, '_stored_ylabel', ax.get_ylabel),
+            'xlim': tuple(map(float, ax.get_xlim())),
+            'ylim': tuple(map(float, ax.get_ylim())),
+            'xscale': getattr(ax, 'get_xscale', lambda: 'linear')(),
+            'yscale': getattr(ax, 'get_yscale', lambda: 'linear')(),
+            'x_labelpad': _xlp,
+            'y_labelpad': _ylp,
+            'xlabel_visible': bool(ax.xaxis.label.get_visible()),
+            'ylabel_visible': bool(ax.yaxis.label.get_visible()),
+            'xlabel_color': ax.xaxis.label.get_color(),
+            'ylabel_color': ax.yaxis.label.get_color(),
+        }
+        # Helper to capture WASD state
+        def _capture_wasd_state(axis):
+            ts = getattr(axis, '_saved_tick_state', {})
+            wasd = {}
+            for side in ('top', 'bottom', 'left', 'right'):
+                sp = axis.spines.get(side)
+                prefix = {'top': 't', 'bottom': 'b', 'left': 'l', 'right': 'r'}[side]
+                wasd[side] = {
+                    'spine': bool(sp.get_visible() if sp else False),
+                    'ticks': bool(ts.get(f'{prefix}_ticks', ts.get({'top':'tx','bottom':'bx','left':'ly','right':'ry'}[side], side=='bottom' or side=='left'))),
+                    'minor': bool(ts.get(f'm{prefix}x' if side in ('top','bottom') else f'm{prefix}y', False)),
+                    'labels': bool(ts.get(f'{prefix}_labels', ts.get({'top':'tx','bottom':'bx','left':'ly','right':'ry'}[side], side=='bottom' or side=='left'))),
+                    'title': (
+                        bool(getattr(axis, '_top_xlabel_on', False)) if side == 'top'
+                        else bool(getattr(axis, '_right_ylabel_on', False)) if side == 'right'
+                        else bool(axis.xaxis.label.get_visible()) if side == 'bottom'
+                        else bool(axis.yaxis.label.get_visible())
+                    ),
+                }
+            return wasd
+        
+        # Capture WASD state
+        wasd_state = _capture_wasd_state(ax)
+        
+        # Tick visibility state (if present from interactive menu) - kept for backward compatibility
+        tick_state = dict(getattr(ax, '_saved_tick_state', {
+            'bx': True, 'tx': False, 'ly': True, 'ry': False,
+            'mbx': False, 'mtx': False, 'mly': False, 'mry': False,
+        }))
+        # Representative tick widths
+        def _tick_width(axis, which: str):
+            return _current_tick_width(axis, which)
+        tick_widths = {
+            'x_major': _tick_width(ax.xaxis, 'major'),
+            'x_minor': _tick_width(ax.xaxis, 'minor'),
+            'y_major': _tick_width(ax.yaxis, 'major'),
+            'y_minor': _tick_width(ax.yaxis, 'minor'),
+        }
+        # Tick direction
+        tick_direction = getattr(fig, '_tick_direction', 'out')
+        # Spines state
+        spines_state = {
+            name: {
+                'linewidth': (ax.spines.get(name).get_linewidth() if ax.spines.get(name) else None),
+                'visible': (ax.spines.get(name).get_visible() if ax.spines.get(name) else None),
+                'color': (ax.spines.get(name).get_edgecolor() if ax.spines.get(name) else None),
+            } for name in ('bottom','top','left','right')
+        }
+        # Duplicate axis title flags
+        titles = {
+            'top_x': bool(getattr(ax, '_top_xlabel_on', False)),
+            'right_y': bool(getattr(ax, '_right_ylabel_on', False)),
+        }
+        # Title offsets
+        title_offsets = {
+            'top_y': float(getattr(ax, '_top_xlabel_manual_offset_y_pts', 0.0) or 0.0),
+            'top_x': float(getattr(ax, '_top_xlabel_manual_offset_x_pts', 0.0) or 0.0),
+            'bottom_y': float(getattr(ax, '_bottom_xlabel_manual_offset_y_pts', 0.0) or 0.0),
+            'left_x': float(getattr(ax, '_left_ylabel_manual_offset_x_pts', 0.0) or 0.0),
+            'right_x': float(getattr(ax, '_right_ylabel_manual_offset_x_pts', 0.0) or 0.0),
+            'right_y': float(getattr(ax, '_right_ylabel_manual_offset_y_pts', 0.0) or 0.0),
+        }
+        # Subplot margins
+        sp = fig.subplotpars
+        subplot_margins = {
+            'left': float(sp.left),
+            'right': float(sp.right),
+            'bottom': float(sp.bottom),
+            'top': float(sp.top),
+        }
+        # Capture cycles
+        lines_state: Dict[int, Dict[str, Any]] = {}
+        for cyc, parts in cycle_lines.items():
+            entry: Dict[str, Any] = {}
+            # Handle both GC mode (dict with 'charge'/'discharge') and CV mode (direct Line2D)
+            if isinstance(parts, dict):
+                # GC mode: parts is a dict with 'charge' and 'discharge' Line2D objects
+                for role in ("charge", "discharge"):
+                    ln = parts.get(role)
+                    if ln is None:
+                        entry[role] = None
+                        continue
+                    try:
+                        x = np.asarray(ln.get_xdata(), float)
+                        y = np.asarray(ln.get_ydata(), float)
+                    except Exception:
+                        x = np.array([]); y = np.array([])
+                    try:
+                        # Convert color to hex for consistency with style export
+                        color_raw = ln.get_color()
+                        try:
+                            from matplotlib.colors import to_hex
+                            color_hex = to_hex(color_raw)
+                        except Exception:
+                            # Fallback: try to convert via rgba
+                            try:
+                                from matplotlib.colors import to_hex, to_rgba
+                                color_hex = to_hex(to_rgba(color_raw))
+                            except Exception:
+                                # Last resort: use as-is if it's already a string
+                                color_hex = color_raw if isinstance(color_raw, str) else 'tab:blue'
+                        st = {
+                            'color': color_hex,
+                            'linewidth': float(ln.get_linewidth() or 1.0),
+                            'linestyle': ln.get_linestyle() or '-',
+                            'alpha': ln.get_alpha(),
+                            'visible': bool(ln.get_visible()),
+                            'label': ln.get_label() or '',
+                        }
+                    except Exception:
+                        st = {'color': '#1f77b4', 'linewidth': 1.0, 'linestyle': '-', 'alpha': None, 'visible': True, 'label': ''}
+                    entry[role] = {'x': x, 'y': y, 'style': st}
+            else:
+                # CV mode: parts is a Line2D object directly
+                ln = parts
+                try:
+                    x = np.asarray(ln.get_xdata(), float)
+                    y = np.asarray(ln.get_ydata(), float)
+                except Exception:
+                    x = np.array([]); y = np.array([])
+                try:
+                    # Convert color to hex for consistency with style export
+                    color_raw = ln.get_color()
+                    try:
+                        from matplotlib.colors import to_hex
+                        color_hex = to_hex(color_raw)
+                    except Exception:
+                        # Fallback: try to convert via rgba
+                        try:
+                            from matplotlib.colors import to_hex, to_rgba
+                            color_hex = to_hex(to_rgba(color_raw))
+                        except Exception:
+                            # Last resort: use as-is if it's already a string
+                            color_hex = color_raw if isinstance(color_raw, str) else 'tab:blue'
+                    st = {
+                        'color': color_hex,
+                        'linewidth': float(ln.get_linewidth() or 1.0),
+                        'linestyle': ln.get_linestyle() or '-',
+                        'alpha': ln.get_alpha(),
+                        'visible': bool(ln.get_visible()),
+                        'label': ln.get_label() or '',
+                    }
+                except Exception:
+                    st = {'color': '#1f77b4', 'linewidth': 1.0, 'linestyle': '-', 'alpha': None, 'visible': True, 'label': ''}
+                # Store under 'line' key to distinguish from GC mode's 'charge'/'discharge' keys
+                entry['line'] = {'x': x, 'y': y, 'style': st}
+            lines_state[int(cyc)] = entry
+        legend_visible = False
+        legend_xy_in = None
+        try:
+            leg = ax.get_legend()
+            if leg is not None:
+                legend_visible = bool(leg.get_visible())
+            xy = getattr(fig, '_ec_legend_xy_in', None)
+            if isinstance(xy, (list, tuple)) and len(xy) == 2:
+                legend_xy_in = (float(xy[0]), float(xy[1]))
+        except Exception:
+            legend_xy_in = None
+        sess = {
+            'kind': 'ec_gc',
+            'version': 2,
+            'figure': {'size': (fig_w, fig_h), 'dpi': dpi},
+            'axis': axis,
+            'subplot_margins': subplot_margins,
+            'lines': lines_state,
+            'font': {
+                'size': plt.rcParams.get('font.size'),
+                'chain': list(plt.rcParams.get('font.sans-serif', [])),
+            },
+            'legend': {
+                'visible': legend_visible,
+                'position_inches': legend_xy_in,
+                'title': getattr(fig, '_ec_legend_title', None),
+            },
+            'wasd_state': wasd_state,
+            'tick_state': tick_state,
+            'tick_widths': tick_widths,
+            'tick_direction': tick_direction,
+            'spines': spines_state,
+            'titles': titles,
+            'title_offsets': title_offsets,
+            'mode': getattr(ax, '_is_dqdv_mode', None),  # Store dQdV mode flag
+            'rotation_angle': getattr(fig, '_ec_rotation_angle', 0),  # Store rotation angle
+            'source_paths': list(getattr(fig, '_bp_source_paths', []) or []),
+            'grid': ax.xaxis._gridOnMajor if hasattr(ax.xaxis, '_gridOnMajor') else (
+                any(line.get_visible() for line in ax.get_xgridlines() + ax.get_ygridlines()) if hasattr(ax, 'get_xgridlines') else False
+            ),
+        }
+        if skip_confirm:
+            target = filename
+        else:
+            target = _confirm_overwrite(filename)
+            if not target:
+                print("EC session save canceled.")
+                return
+        with open(target, 'wb') as f:
+            pickle.dump(sess, f)
+        print(f"EC session saved to {target}")
+    except Exception as e:
+        print(f"Error saving EC session: {e}")
+
+
+def load_ec_session(filename: str):
+    """Load an EC GC session and reconstruct figure, axes, and cycle_lines.
+
+    Returns: (fig, ax, cycle_lines)
+    """
+    try:
+        with open(filename, 'rb') as f:
+            sess = pickle.load(f)
+    except Exception as e:
+        print(f"Failed to load EC session: {e}")
+        return None
+
+    if not isinstance(sess, dict) or sess.get('kind') != 'ec_gc':
+        print("Not an EC GC session file.")
+        return None
+
+    # Use standard DPI of 100 instead of saved DPI to avoid display-dependent issues
+    # (Retina displays, Windows scaling, etc. can cause saved DPI to differ)
+    fig = plt.figure(figsize=tuple(sess['figure']['size']), dpi=100)
+    # Preserve saved geometry by disabling auto layout
+    try:
+        fig.set_layout_engine('none')
+    except Exception:
+        try:
+            fig.set_tight_layout(False)
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+    ax = fig.add_subplot(111)
+    try:
+        fig._bp_source_paths = list(sess.get('source_paths', []) or [])
+    except Exception:
+        fig._bp_source_paths = []
+    try:
+        session_abs = os.path.abspath(filename)
+        sources = list(getattr(fig, '_bp_source_paths', []) or [])
+        if session_abs not in sources:
+            sources.append(session_abs)
+        fig._bp_source_paths = sources
+    except Exception:
+        pass
+
+    def _sanitize_legend_offset(xy):
+        if xy is None or not isinstance(xy, (list, tuple)) or len(xy) != 2:
+            return None
+        try:
+            x_val = float(xy[0])
+            y_val = float(xy[1])
+        except Exception:
+            return None
+        fw, fh = fig.get_size_inches()
+        if fw <= 0 or fh <= 0:
+            return None
+        max_offset = max(fw, fh) * 2.0
+        if abs(x_val) > max_offset or abs(y_val) > max_offset:
+            return None
+        return (x_val, y_val)
+    # Fonts
+    try:
+        f = sess.get('font', {})
+        if f.get('chain'):
+            plt.rcParams['font.family'] = 'sans-serif'
+            plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = f['chain']
+        if f.get('size'):
+            plt.rcParams['font.size'] = f['size']
+    except Exception:
+        pass
+
+    # Apply subplot margins early (prevents label clipping on draw)
+    try:
+        spm = sess.get('subplot_margins', {})
+        if all(k in spm for k in ('left','right','bottom','top')):
+            fig.subplots_adjust(left=float(spm['left']), right=float(spm['right']), bottom=float(spm['bottom']), top=float(spm['top']))
+        
+        # Restore exact frame size if stored (for precision)
+        frame_size = sess.get('frame_size')
+        if frame_size and isinstance(frame_size, (list, tuple)) and len(frame_size) == 2:
+            target_w_in, target_h_in = map(float, frame_size)
+            # Get current canvas size
+            canvas_w_in, canvas_h_in = fig.get_size_inches()
+            # Calculate needed fractions to achieve exact frame size
+            if canvas_w_in > 0 and canvas_h_in > 0:
+                # Get current position to preserve centering
+                bbox = ax.get_position()
+                center_x = (bbox.x0 + bbox.x1) / 2.0
+                center_y = (bbox.y0 + bbox.y1) / 2.0
+                # Calculate new fractions
+                new_w_frac = target_w_in / canvas_w_in
+                new_h_frac = target_h_in / canvas_h_in
+                # Reposition to maintain centering
+                new_left = center_x - new_w_frac / 2.0
+                new_right = center_x + new_w_frac / 2.0
+                new_bottom = center_y - new_h_frac / 2.0
+                new_top = center_y + new_h_frac / 2.0
+                # Apply
+                fig.subplots_adjust(left=new_left, right=new_right, bottom=new_bottom, top=new_top)
+    except Exception:
+        pass
+
+    # Rebuild lines
+    raw = sess.get('lines', {})
+    cycle_lines: Dict[int, Dict[str, Any]] = {}
+    # Use a color cycle but keep saved colors primarily
+    for k in sorted(raw.keys(), key=lambda x: int(x)):
+        cyc = int(k)
+        parts = raw[k] or {}
+        
+        # Check if this is CV mode (has 'line' key) or GC mode (has 'charge'/'discharge' keys)
+        if 'line' in parts:
+            # CV mode: single line per cycle
+            rec = parts.get('line')
+            ln_obj = None
+            if isinstance(rec, dict) and isinstance(rec.get('x'), np.ndarray) and isinstance(rec.get('y'), np.ndarray):
+                x = np.asarray(rec['x'], float)
+                y = np.asarray(rec['y'], float)
+                st = rec.get('style', {})
+                color = st.get('color', 'tab:blue')
+                lw = float(st.get('linewidth', 1.0))
+                ls = st.get('linestyle', '-') or '-'
+                alpha = st.get('alpha', None)
+                label = st.get('label', f'Cycle {cyc}')
+                try:
+                    ln_obj, = ax.plot(x, y, linestyle=ls, linewidth=lw, color=color, alpha=alpha, label=label)
+                    vis = bool(st.get('visible', True))
+                    ln_obj.set_visible(vis)
+                except Exception:
+                    pass
+            cycle_lines[cyc] = ln_obj
+        else:
+            # GC mode: separate charge and discharge lines
+            cyc_entry: Dict[str, Any] = {}
+            for role in ("charge", "discharge"):
+                rec = parts.get(role)
+                ln_obj = None
+                if isinstance(rec, dict) and isinstance(rec.get('x'), np.ndarray) and isinstance(rec.get('y'), np.ndarray):
+                    x = np.asarray(rec['x'], float)
+                    y = np.asarray(rec['y'], float)
+                    st = rec.get('style', {})
+                    color = st.get('color', 'tab:blue')
+                    lw = float(st.get('linewidth', 1.0))
+                    ls = st.get('linestyle', '-') or '-'
+                    alpha = st.get('alpha', None)
+                    label = st.get('label', f'Cycle {cyc}')
+                    if role == 'discharge' and (not label or label.startswith('_')):
+                        label = f'Cycle {cyc}' if rec.get('x') is None else '_nolegend_'
+                    ln_args = {}
+                    try:
+                        ln_obj, = ax.plot(x, y, linestyle=ls, linewidth=lw, color=color, alpha=alpha, label=label)
+                        vis = bool(st.get('visible', True))
+                        ln_obj.set_visible(vis)
+                    except Exception:
+                        pass
+                cyc_entry[role] = ln_obj
+            cycle_lines[cyc] = cyc_entry
+
+    # Axis labels/limits/scales
+    # Store the labels first, then apply WASD state before actually setting them
+    try:
+        axis = sess.get('axis', {})
+        stored_xlabel = axis.get('xlabel') or ''
+        stored_ylabel = axis.get('ylabel') or ''
+        xlabel_visible = axis.get('xlabel_visible', True)
+        ylabel_visible = axis.get('ylabel_visible', True)
+        xlabel_color = axis.get('xlabel_color')
+        ylabel_color = axis.get('ylabel_color')
+        
+        # Scales first
+        try:
+            if axis.get('xscale'): ax.set_xscale(axis.get('xscale'))
+            if axis.get('yscale'): ax.set_yscale(axis.get('yscale'))
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+        if axis.get('xlim'): ax.set_xlim(*axis['xlim'])
+        if axis.get('ylim'): ax.set_ylim(*axis['ylim'])
+        # Label pads saved for later
+        x_labelpad = axis.get('x_labelpad')
+        y_labelpad = axis.get('y_labelpad')
+    except Exception:
+        stored_xlabel = ''
+        stored_ylabel = ''
+        x_labelpad = None
+        y_labelpad = None
+        xlabel_visible = True
+        ylabel_visible = True
+        xlabel_color = None
+        ylabel_color = None
+    if stored_xlabel:
+        try:
+            ax._stored_xlabel = stored_xlabel
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+    if stored_ylabel:
+        try:
+            ax._stored_ylabel = stored_ylabel
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+    try:
+        if xlabel_color:
+            ax._stored_xlabel_color = xlabel_color
+        else:
+            ax._stored_xlabel_color = ax.xaxis.label.get_color()
+    except Exception:
+        pass
+    try:
+        if ylabel_color:
+            ax._stored_ylabel_color = ylabel_color
+        else:
+            ax._stored_ylabel_color = ax.yaxis.label.get_color()
+    except Exception:
+        pass
+    if not hasattr(ax, '_stored_top_xlabel_color'):
+        ax._stored_top_xlabel_color = ax.xaxis.label.get_color()
+    if not hasattr(ax, '_stored_right_ylabel_color'):
+        ax._stored_right_ylabel_color = ax.yaxis.label.get_color()
+
+    # Spines
+    try:
+        sp_meta = sess.get('spines', {})
+        for name, spec in sp_meta.items():
+            sp = ax.spines.get(name)
+            if not sp:
+                continue
+            if spec.get('linewidth') is not None:
+                try:
+                    sp.set_linewidth(float(spec['linewidth']))
+                except Exception:
+                    pass
+            if spec.get('visible') is not None:
+                try:
+                    sp.set_visible(bool(spec['visible']))
+                except Exception:
+                    pass
+            if spec.get('color') is not None:
+                try:
+                    sp.set_edgecolor(spec['color'])
+                    if name in ('top', 'bottom'):
+                        ax.tick_params(axis='x', which='both', colors=spec['color'])
+                        ax.xaxis.label.set_color(spec['color'])
+                        if name == 'top':
+                            ax._stored_top_xlabel_color = spec['color']
+                        else:
+                            ax._stored_xlabel_color = spec['color']
+                    else:
+                        ax.tick_params(axis='y', which='both', colors=spec['color'])
+                        ax.yaxis.label.set_color(spec['color'])
+                        if name == 'left':
+                            ax._stored_ylabel_color = spec['color']
+                        else:
+                            ax._stored_right_ylabel_color = spec['color']
+                except Exception:
+                    pass
+    except Exception:
+        pass
+
+    # Apply WASD state if version 2+
+    version = sess.get('version', 1)
+    wasd = None
+    if version >= 2:
+        wasd = sess.get('wasd_state')
+        if wasd and isinstance(wasd, dict):
+            from matplotlib.ticker import AutoMinorLocator, NullFormatter
+            try:
+                # Apply spines
+                for side in ('top', 'bottom', 'left', 'right'):
+                    if side in wasd and 'spine' in wasd[side]:
+                        sp = ax.spines.get(side)
+                        if sp:
+                            sp.set_visible(bool(wasd[side]['spine']))
+                # Apply ticks
+                ax.tick_params(axis='x', 
+                              top=bool(wasd.get('top', {}).get('ticks', False)),
+                              bottom=bool(wasd.get('bottom', {}).get('ticks', True)),
+                              labeltop=bool(wasd.get('top', {}).get('labels', False)),
+                              labelbottom=bool(wasd.get('bottom', {}).get('labels', True)))
+                ax.tick_params(axis='y',
+                              left=bool(wasd.get('left', {}).get('ticks', True)),
+                              right=bool(wasd.get('right', {}).get('ticks', False)),
+                              labelleft=bool(wasd.get('left', {}).get('labels', True)),
+                              labelright=bool(wasd.get('right', {}).get('labels', False)))
+                # Apply minor ticks
+                if wasd.get('top', {}).get('minor') or wasd.get('bottom', {}).get('minor'):
+                    ax.xaxis.set_minor_locator(AutoMinorLocator())
+                    ax.xaxis.set_minor_formatter(NullFormatter())
+                ax.tick_params(axis='x', which='minor',
+                              top=bool(wasd.get('top', {}).get('minor', False)),
+                              bottom=bool(wasd.get('bottom', {}).get('minor', False)))
+                if wasd.get('left', {}).get('minor') or wasd.get('right', {}).get('minor'):
+                    ax.yaxis.set_minor_locator(AutoMinorLocator())
+                    ax.yaxis.set_minor_formatter(NullFormatter())
+                ax.tick_params(axis='y', which='minor',
+                              left=bool(wasd.get('left', {}).get('minor', False)),
+                              right=bool(wasd.get('right', {}).get('minor', False)))
+                # Store WASD state
+                tick_state = {}
+                for side_key, prefix in [('top', 't'), ('bottom', 'b'), ('left', 'l'), ('right', 'r')]:
+                    s = wasd.get(side_key, {})
+                    tick_state[f'{prefix}_ticks'] = bool(s.get('ticks', False))
+                    tick_state[f'{prefix}_labels'] = bool(s.get('labels', False))
+                    tick_state[f'm{prefix}x' if prefix in 'tb' else f'm{prefix}y'] = bool(s.get('minor', False))
+                ax._saved_tick_state = tick_state
+                # Apply title flags
+                ax._top_xlabel_on = bool(wasd.get('top', {}).get('title', False))
+                ax._right_ylabel_on = bool(wasd.get('right', {}).get('title', False))
+            except Exception as e:
+                print(f"Warning: Could not apply WASD state: {e}")
+        
+        # Apply tick widths from version 2
+        tw = sess.get('tick_widths', {})
+        if tw:
+            try:
+                if tw.get('x_major') is not None: ax.tick_params(axis='x', which='major', width=float(tw['x_major']))
+                if tw.get('x_minor') is not None: ax.tick_params(axis='x', which='minor', width=float(tw['x_minor']))
+                if tw.get('y_major') is not None: ax.tick_params(axis='y', which='major', width=float(tw['y_major']))
+                if tw.get('y_minor') is not None: ax.tick_params(axis='y', which='minor', width=float(tw['y_minor']))
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+        
+        # Apply tick direction from version 2
+        try:
+            tick_direction = sess.get('tick_direction', 'out')
+            if tick_direction:
+                setattr(fig, '_tick_direction', tick_direction)
+                ax.tick_params(axis='both', which='both', direction=tick_direction)
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+        
+        # Restore grid state
+        try:
+            grid_enabled = sess.get('grid', False)
+            if grid_enabled:
+                ax.grid(True, color='0.85', linestyle='-', linewidth=0.5, alpha=0.7)
+            else:
+                ax.grid(False)
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+        
+        # Apply rotation angle from version 2
+        try:
+            rotation_angle = sess.get('rotation_angle', 0)
+            setattr(fig, '_ec_rotation_angle', rotation_angle)
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+    else:
+        # Version 1 backward compatibility
+        try:
+            tick_state = sess.get('tick_state', {})
+            # Persist on axes for interactive menu init
+            ax._saved_tick_state = dict(tick_state)
+            # Apply visibility
+            ax.tick_params(axis='x',
+                           bottom=tick_state.get('bx', True), labelbottom=tick_state.get('bx', True),
+                           top=tick_state.get('tx', False),   labeltop=tick_state.get('tx', False))
+            ax.tick_params(axis='y',
+                           left=tick_state.get('ly', True),  labelleft=tick_state.get('ly', True),
+                           right=tick_state.get('ry', False), labelright=tick_state.get('ry', False))
+            # Minor ticks
+            if tick_state.get('mbx') or tick_state.get('mtx'):
+                from matplotlib.ticker import AutoMinorLocator, NullFormatter
+                ax.xaxis.set_minor_locator(AutoMinorLocator())
+                ax.xaxis.set_minor_formatter(NullFormatter())
+                ax.tick_params(axis='x', which='minor',
+                               bottom=tick_state.get('mbx', False),
+                               top=tick_state.get('mtx', False),
+                               labelbottom=False, labeltop=False)
+            else:
+                ax.tick_params(axis='x', which='minor', bottom=False, top=False, labelbottom=False, labeltop=False)
+            if tick_state.get('mly') or tick_state.get('mry'):
+                from matplotlib.ticker import AutoMinorLocator, NullFormatter
+                ax.yaxis.set_minor_locator(AutoMinorLocator())
+                ax.yaxis.set_minor_formatter(NullFormatter())
+                ax.tick_params(axis='y', which='minor',
+                               left=tick_state.get('mly', False),
+                               right=tick_state.get('mry', False),
+                               labelleft=False, labelright=False)
+            else:
+                ax.tick_params(axis='y', which='minor', left=False, right=False, labelleft=False, labelright=False)
+            # Widths
+            tw = sess.get('tick_widths', {})
+            if tw.get('x_major') is not None:
+                ax.tick_params(axis='x', which='major', width=tw['x_major'])
+            if tw.get('x_minor') is not None:
+                ax.tick_params(axis='x', which='minor', width=tw['x_minor'])
+            if tw.get('y_major') is not None:
+                ax.tick_params(axis='y', which='major', width=tw['y_major'])
+            if tw.get('y_minor') is not None:
+                ax.tick_params(axis='y', which='minor', width=tw['y_minor'])
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+
+    # Restore axis labels/visibility after WASD application
+    def _title_pref(side_visible: bool, side_key: str):
+        if wasd and isinstance(wasd, dict):
+            entry = wasd.get(side_key, {})
+            if 'title' in entry:
+                return bool(entry.get('title'))
+        return bool(side_visible)
+    bottom_pref = _title_pref(xlabel_visible, 'bottom')
+    left_pref = _title_pref(ylabel_visible, 'left')
+    if bottom_pref and stored_xlabel:
+        ax.set_xlabel(stored_xlabel)
+        ax.xaxis.label.set_visible(True)
+        color = getattr(ax, '_stored_xlabel_color', None)
+        if color:
+            ax.xaxis.label.set_color(color)
+    else:
+        ax.set_xlabel('')
+        ax.xaxis.label.set_visible(False)
+    if left_pref and stored_ylabel:
+        ax.set_ylabel(stored_ylabel)
+        ax.yaxis.label.set_visible(True)
+        color = getattr(ax, '_stored_ylabel_color', None)
+        if color:
+            ax.yaxis.label.set_color(color)
+    else:
+        ax.set_ylabel('')
+        ax.yaxis.label.set_visible(False)
+
+    # Restore title offsets BEFORE positioning titles
+    try:
+        title_offsets = sess.get('title_offsets', {})
+        if title_offsets:
+            ax._top_xlabel_manual_offset_y_pts = float(title_offsets.get('top_y', 0.0) or 0.0)
+            ax._top_xlabel_manual_offset_x_pts = float(title_offsets.get('top_x', 0.0) or 0.0)
+            ax._bottom_xlabel_manual_offset_y_pts = float(title_offsets.get('bottom_y', 0.0) or 0.0)
+            ax._left_ylabel_manual_offset_x_pts = float(title_offsets.get('left_x', 0.0) or 0.0)
+            ax._right_ylabel_manual_offset_x_pts = float(title_offsets.get('right_x', 0.0) or 0.0)
+            ax._right_ylabel_manual_offset_y_pts = float(title_offsets.get('right_y', 0.0) or 0.0)
+    except Exception:
+        pass
+    
+    # Duplicate titles
+    try:
+        titles = sess.get('titles', {})
+        if titles.get('top_x'):
+            lbl = ax.get_xlabel() or ''
+            if lbl:
+                txt = getattr(ax, '_top_xlabel_artist', None)
+                if txt is None:
+                    txt = ax.text(0.5, 1.02, lbl, ha='center', va='bottom', transform=ax.transAxes)
+                    ax._top_xlabel_artist = txt
+                else:
+                    txt.set_text(lbl); txt.set_visible(True)
+                ax._top_xlabel_on = True
+                try:
+                    color = getattr(ax, '_stored_top_xlabel_color', None)
+                    if color and txt is not None:
+                        txt.set_color(color)
+                except Exception:
+                    pass
+        else:
+            if hasattr(ax, '_top_xlabel_artist') and ax._top_xlabel_artist is not None:
+                try: ax._top_xlabel_artist.set_visible(False)
+                except Exception: pass
+            ax._top_xlabel_on = False
+        if titles.get('right_y'):
+            lbl = ax.get_ylabel() or ''
+            if lbl:
+                if hasattr(ax, '_right_ylabel_artist') and ax._right_ylabel_artist is not None:
+                    try: ax._right_ylabel_artist.remove()
+                    except Exception: pass
+                ax._right_ylabel_artist = ax.text(1.02, 0.5, lbl, rotation=90, va='center', ha='left', transform=ax.transAxes)
+                ax._right_ylabel_on = True
+                try:
+                    color = getattr(ax, '_stored_right_ylabel_color', None)
+                    if color and ax._right_ylabel_artist is not None:
+                        ax._right_ylabel_artist.set_color(color)
+                except Exception:
+                    pass
+        else:
+            if hasattr(ax, '_right_ylabel_artist') and ax._right_ylabel_artist is not None:
+                try: ax._right_ylabel_artist.remove()
+                except Exception: pass
+                ax._right_ylabel_artist = None
+            ax._right_ylabel_on = False
+    except Exception:
+        pass
+    
+    # Restore mode flag (e.g., dQdV mode)
+    try:
+        mode = sess.get('mode')
+        if mode is not None:
+            ax._is_dqdv_mode = bool(mode)
+    except Exception:
+        pass
+
+    # Legend visibility/position
+    try:
+        legend_cfg = sess.get('legend', {}) or {}
+        legend_visible = bool(legend_cfg.get('visible', True))
+        legend_xy = _sanitize_legend_offset(legend_cfg.get('position_inches'))
+        legend_title = legend_cfg.get('title')
+        if legend_title:
+            fig._ec_legend_title = legend_title
+        else:
+            fig._ec_legend_title = legend_title or getattr(fig, '_ec_legend_title', None)
+        if not getattr(fig, '_ec_legend_title', None):
+            fig._ec_legend_title = "Cycle"
+        try:
+            fig._ec_legend_user_visible = legend_visible
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+        if legend_xy is not None:
+            fig._ec_legend_xy_in = legend_xy
+        handles = []
+        labels = []
+        for ln in ax.lines:
+            if ln.get_visible():
+                lbl = ln.get_label() or ''
+                if lbl.startswith('_'):
+                    continue
+                handles.append(ln)
+                labels.append(lbl)
+        if handles:
+            if legend_xy is not None:
+                fw, fh = fig.get_size_inches()
+                if fw > 0 and fh > 0:
+                    fx = 0.5 + legend_xy[0] / fw
+                    fy = 0.5 + legend_xy[1] / fh
+                    leg = ax.legend(handles, labels, loc='center',
+                                    bbox_to_anchor=(fx, fy), bbox_transform=fig.transFigure,
+                                    borderaxespad=1.0)
+                else:
+                    leg = ax.legend(handles, labels, loc='best', borderaxespad=1.0)
+            else:
+                leg = ax.legend(handles, labels, loc='best', borderaxespad=1.0)
+            if leg is not None:
+                try:
+                    leg.set_frame_on(False)
+                except Exception:
+                    pass
+                leg.set_visible(legend_visible)
+                try:
+                    title_text = getattr(fig, '_ec_legend_title', None) or "Cycle"
+                    leg.set_title(title_text)
+                except Exception:
+                    pass
+        else:
+            leg = ax.get_legend()
+            if leg is not None:
+                try:
+                    leg.remove()
+                except Exception:
+                    pass
+    except Exception:
+        pass
+    
+    try:
+        fig.canvas.draw()
+    except Exception:
+        try:
+            fig.canvas.draw_idle()
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+    return fig, ax, cycle_lines
+
+# --------------------- CPC (Capacity-Per-Cycle) session helpers -----------------
+
+def dump_cpc_session(
+    filename: str,
+    *,
+    fig,
+    ax,
+    ax2,
+    sc_charge,
+    sc_discharge,
+    sc_eff,
+    file_data=None,
+    skip_confirm: bool = False,
+):
+    """Serialize CPC plot including scatter data, styles, axes, and legend position.
+
+    Stores arrays for charge/discharge capacities and efficiency vs cycle number,
+    marker styles, axis labels/limits, figure size/dpi, legend position, WASD states,
+    tick widths, spines, frame size, and all visual styling.
+    
+    Args:
+        file_data: Optional list of multi-file data dictionaries
+        skip_confirm: If True, skip overwrite confirmation (already handled by caller).
+    """
+    try:
+        import numpy as _np
+        fig_w, fig_h = map(float, fig.get_size_inches())
+        dpi = int(fig.dpi)
+        
+        # Extract scatter data
+        def _scatter_xy(sc):
+            try:
+                offs = sc.get_offsets()
+                arr = _np.asarray(offs, float)
+                if arr.ndim == 2 and arr.shape[1] >= 2:
+                    return _np.array(arr[:,0], float), _np.array(arr[:,1], float)
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+            return _np.array([]), _np.array([])
+        x_c, y_c = _scatter_xy(sc_charge)
+        x_d, y_d = _scatter_xy(sc_discharge)
+        x_e, y_e = _scatter_xy(sc_eff)
+        
+        # Colors and sizes
+        def _color_of(sc):
+            try:
+                from matplotlib.colors import to_hex
+                arr = getattr(sc, 'get_facecolors', lambda: None)()
+                if arr is not None and len(arr):
+                    return to_hex(arr[0])
+                c = getattr(sc, 'get_color', lambda: None)()
+                if c is not None:
+                    if isinstance(c, (list, tuple)) and c and not isinstance(c, str):
+                        return to_hex(c[0])
+                    try:
+                        return to_hex(c)
+                    except Exception:
+                        return c
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+            return None
+        
+        def _size_of(sc, default=32.0):
+            try:
+                arr = sc.get_sizes()
+                if arr is not None and len(arr):
+                    return float(arr[0])
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+            return float(default)
+        
+        # Axes frame size (in inches)
+        bbox = ax.get_position()
+        frame_w_in = bbox.width * fig_w
+        frame_h_in = bbox.height * fig_h
+        
+        # Save spines state for both ax and ax2
+        spines_state = {}
+        for name, sp in ax.spines.items():
+            spines_state[f'ax_{name}'] = {
+                'linewidth': sp.get_linewidth(),
+                'color': sp.get_edgecolor(),
+                'visible': sp.get_visible(),
+            }
+        for name, sp in ax2.spines.items():
+            spines_state[f'ax2_{name}'] = {
+                'linewidth': sp.get_linewidth(),
+                'color': sp.get_edgecolor(),
+                'visible': sp.get_visible(),
+            }
+        
+        # Helper to capture tick widths
+        def _tick_width(axis, which: str):
+            return _current_tick_width(axis, which)
+        
+        tick_widths = {
+            'x_major': _tick_width(ax.xaxis, 'major'),
+            'x_minor': _tick_width(ax.xaxis, 'minor'),
+            'ly_major': _tick_width(ax.yaxis, 'major'),
+            'ly_minor': _tick_width(ax.yaxis, 'minor'),
+            'ry_major': _tick_width(ax2.yaxis, 'major'),
+            'ry_minor': _tick_width(ax2.yaxis, 'minor'),
+        }
+        
+        # Subplot margins
+        sp = fig.subplotpars
+        subplot_margins = {
+            'left': float(sp.left),
+            'right': float(sp.right),
+            'bottom': float(sp.bottom),
+            'top': float(sp.top),
+        }
+        
+        # Capture WASD state from figure attribute
+        wasd_state = getattr(fig, '_cpc_wasd_state', None)
+        if not isinstance(wasd_state, dict):
+            # Fallback: capture current state
+            wasd_state = {
+                'top': {
+                    'spine': bool(ax.spines.get('top').get_visible() if ax.spines.get('top') else False),
+                    'ticks': bool(ax.xaxis._major_tick_kw.get('tick2On', False)),
+                    'minor': bool(ax.xaxis._minor_tick_kw.get('tick2On', False)),
+                    'labels': bool(ax.xaxis._major_tick_kw.get('label2On', False)),
+                    'title': bool(getattr(ax, '_top_xlabel_text', None) and getattr(ax, '_top_xlabel_text').get_visible()),
+                },
+                'bottom': {
+                    'spine': bool(ax.spines.get('bottom').get_visible() if ax.spines.get('bottom') else True),
+                    'ticks': bool(ax.xaxis._major_tick_kw.get('tick1On', True)),
+                    'minor': bool(ax.xaxis._minor_tick_kw.get('tick1On', False)),
+                    'labels': bool(ax.xaxis._major_tick_kw.get('label1On', True)),
+                    'title': bool(ax.get_xlabel()),
+                },
+                'left': {
+                    'spine': bool(ax.spines.get('left').get_visible() if ax.spines.get('left') else True),
+                    'ticks': bool(ax.yaxis._major_tick_kw.get('tick1On', True)),
+                    'minor': bool(ax.yaxis._minor_tick_kw.get('tick1On', False)),
+                    'labels': bool(ax.yaxis._major_tick_kw.get('label1On', True)),
+                    'title': bool(ax.get_ylabel()),
+                },
+                'right': {
+                    'spine': bool(ax2.spines.get('right').get_visible() if ax2.spines.get('right') else True),
+                    'ticks': bool(ax2.yaxis._major_tick_kw.get('tick2On', True)),
+                    'minor': bool(ax2.yaxis._minor_tick_kw.get('tick2On', False)),
+                    'labels': bool(ax2.yaxis._major_tick_kw.get('label2On', True)),
+                    'title': bool(ax2.yaxis.get_label().get_text()) and bool(sc_eff.get_visible()),
+                },
+            }
+        
+        # Capture stored title texts
+        stored_titles = {
+            'xlabel': getattr(ax, '_stored_xlabel', ax.get_xlabel()),
+            'ylabel': getattr(ax, '_stored_ylabel', ax.get_ylabel()),
+            'top_xlabel': getattr(ax, '_stored_top_xlabel', ''),
+            'right_ylabel': getattr(ax2, '_stored_ylabel', ax2.get_ylabel()),
+        }
+        # Title offsets
+        title_offsets = {
+            'top_y': float(getattr(ax, '_top_xlabel_manual_offset_y_pts', 0.0) or 0.0),
+            'top_x': float(getattr(ax, '_top_xlabel_manual_offset_x_pts', 0.0) or 0.0),
+            'bottom_y': float(getattr(ax, '_bottom_xlabel_manual_offset_y_pts', 0.0) or 0.0),
+            'left_x': float(getattr(ax, '_left_ylabel_manual_offset_x_pts', 0.0) or 0.0),
+            'right_x': float(getattr(ax2, '_right_ylabel_manual_offset_x_pts', 0.0) or 0.0),
+            'right_y': float(getattr(ax2, '_right_ylabel_manual_offset_y_pts', 0.0) or 0.0),
+        }
+        
+        meta = {
+            'kind': 'cpc',
+            'version': 2,  # Incremented version for new format
+            'figure': {
+                'size': (fig_w, fig_h),
+                'dpi': dpi,
+                'frame_size': (frame_w_in, frame_h_in),
+                'axes_bbox': {
+                    'left': float(bbox.x0),
+                    'bottom': float(bbox.y0),
+                    'right': float(bbox.x0 + bbox.width),
+                    'top': float(bbox.y0 + bbox.height),
+                },
+                'subplot_margins': subplot_margins,
+                'spines': spines_state,
+            },
+            'axis': {
+                'xlabel': ax.get_xlabel(),
+                'ylabel_left': ax.get_ylabel(),
+                'ylabel_right': ax2.get_ylabel(),
+                'xlim': tuple(map(float, ax.get_xlim())),
+                'ylim_left': tuple(map(float, ax.get_ylim())),
+                'ylim_right': tuple(map(float, ax2.get_ylim())),
+                'x_labelpad': float(getattr(ax.xaxis, 'labelpad', 0.0) or 0.0),
+                'y_left_labelpad': float(getattr(ax.yaxis, 'labelpad', 0.0) or 0.0),
+                'y_right_labelpad': float(getattr(ax2.yaxis, 'labelpad', 0.0) or 0.0),
+            },
+            'series': {
+                'charge': {
+                    'x': x_c, 'y': y_c,
+                    'color': _color_of(sc_charge),
+                    'size': _size_of(sc_charge, 32.0),
+                    'alpha': (float(sc_charge.get_alpha()) if sc_charge.get_alpha() is not None else None),
+                    'visible': bool(getattr(sc_charge, 'get_visible', lambda: True)()),
+                    'label': getattr(sc_charge, 'get_label', lambda: 'Charge capacity')() or 'Charge capacity',
+                },
+                'discharge': {
+                    'x': x_d, 'y': y_d,
+                    'color': _color_of(sc_discharge),
+                    'size': _size_of(sc_discharge, 32.0),
+                    'alpha': (float(sc_discharge.get_alpha()) if sc_discharge.get_alpha() is not None else None),
+                    'visible': bool(getattr(sc_discharge, 'get_visible', lambda: True)()),
+                    'label': getattr(sc_discharge, 'get_label', lambda: 'Discharge capacity')() or 'Discharge capacity',
+                },
+                'efficiency': {
+                    'x': x_e, 'y': y_e,
+                    'color': _color_of(sc_eff) or '#2ca02c',
+                    'size': _size_of(sc_eff, 40.0),
+                    'alpha': (float(sc_eff.get_alpha()) if sc_eff.get_alpha() is not None else None),
+                    'visible': bool(getattr(sc_eff, 'get_visible', lambda: True)()),
+                    'label': getattr(sc_eff, 'get_label', lambda: 'Coulombic efficiency')() or 'Coulombic efficiency',
+                    'marker': '^',
+                },
+            },
+            'legend': {
+                'xy_in': getattr(fig, '_cpc_legend_xy_in', None),
+                'visible': (bool(ax.get_legend().get_visible()) if ax.get_legend() is not None else False)
+            },
+            'wasd_state': wasd_state,
+            'tick_widths': tick_widths,
+            'stored_titles': stored_titles,
+            'title_offsets': title_offsets,
+            'font': {
+                'size': plt.rcParams.get('font.size'),
+                'chain': list(plt.rcParams.get('font.sans-serif', [])),
+            },
+            'grid': ax.xaxis._gridOnMajor if hasattr(ax.xaxis, '_gridOnMajor') else (
+                any(line.get_visible() for line in ax.get_xgridlines() + ax.get_ygridlines()) if hasattr(ax, 'get_xgridlines') else False
+            ),
+        }
+        
+        # Add multi-file data if available
+        if file_data and isinstance(file_data, list) and len(file_data) > 0:
+            multi_files = []
+            for f in file_data:
+                def _marker_of(sc, default_val):
+                    try:
+                        m = getattr(sc, 'get_marker', lambda: default_val)()
+                        if m is None:
+                            return default_val
+                        return m
+                    except Exception:
+                        return default_val
+                def _alpha_of(sc, default_val=None):
+                    try:
+                        a = sc.get_alpha()
+                        return float(a) if a is not None else default_val
+                    except Exception:
+                        return default_val
+                def _visible_of(sc, default_val=True):
+                    try:
+                        return bool(sc.get_visible())
+                    except Exception:
+                        return default_val
+                def _label_of(sc, default_val=""):
+                    try:
+                        return sc.get_label() or default_val
+                    except Exception:
+                        return default_val
+                file_info = {
+                    'filename': f.get('filename', 'unknown'),
+                    'visible': f.get('visible', True),
+                    'charge': {
+                        'x': _np.array(_scatter_xy(f.get('sc_charge', sc_charge))[0]),
+                        'y': _np.array(_scatter_xy(f.get('sc_charge', sc_charge))[1]),
+                        'color': _color_of(f.get('sc_charge')),
+                        'size': _size_of(f.get('sc_charge'), 32.0),
+                        'alpha': _alpha_of(f.get('sc_charge')),
+                        'marker': _marker_of(f.get('sc_charge'), 'o'),
+                        'label': _label_of(f.get('sc_charge'), 'Charge capacity'),
+                        'visible': _visible_of(f.get('sc_charge')),
+                    },
+                    'discharge': {
+                        'x': _np.array(_scatter_xy(f.get('sc_discharge', sc_discharge))[0]),
+                        'y': _np.array(_scatter_xy(f.get('sc_discharge', sc_discharge))[1]),
+                        'color': _color_of(f.get('sc_discharge')),
+                        'size': _size_of(f.get('sc_discharge'), 32.0),
+                        'alpha': _alpha_of(f.get('sc_discharge')),
+                        'marker': _marker_of(f.get('sc_discharge'), 's'),
+                        'label': _label_of(f.get('sc_discharge'), 'Discharge capacity'),
+                        'visible': _visible_of(f.get('sc_discharge')),
+                    },
+                    'efficiency': {
+                        'x': _np.array(_scatter_xy(f.get('sc_eff', sc_eff))[0]),
+                        'y': _np.array(_scatter_xy(f.get('sc_eff', sc_eff))[1]),
+                        'color': _color_of(f.get('sc_eff')),
+                        'size': _size_of(f.get('sc_eff'), 40.0),
+                        'alpha': _alpha_of(f.get('sc_eff')),
+                        'marker': _marker_of(f.get('sc_eff'), '^'),
+                        'label': _label_of(f.get('sc_eff'), 'Coulombic efficiency'),
+                        'visible': _visible_of(f.get('sc_eff')),
+                    }
+                }
+                multi_files.append(file_info)
+            meta['multi_files'] = multi_files
+        
+        if skip_confirm:
+            target = filename
+        else:
+            target = _confirm_overwrite(filename)
+            if not target:
+                print("CPC session save canceled.")
+                return
+        with open(target, 'wb') as f:
+            pickle.dump(meta, f)
+        print(f"CPC session saved to {target}")
+    except Exception as e:
+        print(f"Error saving CPC session: {e}")
+
+
+def load_cpc_session(filename: str):
+    """Load a CPC session and reconstruct fig, axes, scatter artists, and file_data.
+
+    Returns: (fig, ax, ax2, sc_charge, sc_discharge, sc_eff, file_data)
+    """
+    try:
+        with open(filename, 'rb') as f:
+            sess = pickle.load(f)
+    except Exception as e:
+        print(f"Failed to load session: {e}")
+        return None
+    if not isinstance(sess, dict) or sess.get('kind') != 'cpc':
+        print("Not a CPC session file.")
+        return None
+    try:
+        # Use standard DPI of 100 instead of saved DPI to avoid display-dependent issues
+        # (Retina displays, Windows scaling, etc. can cause saved DPI to differ)
+        fig = plt.figure(figsize=tuple(sess['figure']['size']), dpi=100)
+        # Disable auto layout
+        try:
+            fig.set_layout_engine('none')
+        except Exception:
+            try:
+                fig.set_tight_layout(False)
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+        ax = fig.add_subplot(111)
+        ax2 = ax.twinx()
+        # Fonts
+        try:
+            f = sess.get('font', {})
+            if f.get('chain'):
+                plt.rcParams['font.family'] = 'sans-serif'
+                plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = f['chain']
+            if f.get('size'):
+                plt.rcParams['font.size'] = f['size']
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+        # Labels and limits
+        ax_meta = sess.get('axis', {})
+        try:
+            ax.set_xlabel(ax_meta.get('xlabel') or 'Cycle number')
+            ax.set_ylabel(ax_meta.get('ylabel_left') or r'Specific Capacity (mAh g$^{-1}$)')
+            ax2.set_ylabel(ax_meta.get('ylabel_right') or 'Efficiency (%)')
+            if ax_meta.get('xlim'): ax.set_xlim(*ax_meta['xlim'])
+            if ax_meta.get('ylim_left'): ax.set_ylim(*ax_meta['ylim_left'])
+            if ax_meta.get('ylim_right'): ax2.set_ylim(*ax_meta['ylim_right'])
+            # Label pads
+            try:
+                lp = ax_meta.get('x_labelpad')
+                if lp is not None:
+                    ax.set_xlabel(ax_meta.get('xlabel') or 'Cycle number', labelpad=float(lp))
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+            try:
+                lp = ax_meta.get('y_left_labelpad')
+                if lp is not None:
+                    ax.set_ylabel(ax_meta.get('ylabel_left') or r'Specific Capacity (mAh g$^{-1}$)', labelpad=float(lp))
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+            try:
+                lp = ax_meta.get('y_right_labelpad')
+                if lp is not None:
+                    ax2.set_ylabel(ax_meta.get('ylabel_right') or 'Efficiency (%)', labelpad=float(lp))
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+        # Series
+        sr = sess.get('series', {})
+        ch = sr.get('charge', {})
+        dh = sr.get('discharge', {})
+        ef = sr.get('efficiency', {})
+        def _mk_sc(axX, rec, default_marker='o'):
+            import numpy as _np
+            x_val = rec.get('x')
+            x = _np.asarray(x_val if x_val is not None else [], float)
+            y_val = rec.get('y')
+            y = _np.asarray(y_val if y_val is not None else [], float)
+            col = rec.get('color') or 'tab:blue'
+            s = float(rec.get('size', 32.0) or 32.0)
+            alpha = rec.get('alpha', None)
+            marker = rec.get('marker', default_marker)
+            lab = rec.get('label') or ''
+            sc = axX.scatter(x, y, color=col, s=s, alpha=alpha, marker=marker, label=lab, zorder=3)
+            try:
+                sc.set_visible(bool(rec.get('visible', True)))
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+            return sc
+        # If multi_files exist, rebuild all files and pick the first as primary
+        multi_files = sess.get('multi_files')
+        file_data = []
+        if multi_files and isinstance(multi_files, list) and len(multi_files) > 0:
+            for idx, finfo in enumerate(multi_files):
+                ch_info = finfo.get('charge', {})
+                dh_info = finfo.get('discharge', {})
+                ef_info = finfo.get('efficiency', {})
+                sc_ch = _mk_sc(ax, ch_info, ch_info.get('marker', 'o') or 'o')
+                sc_dh = _mk_sc(ax, dh_info, dh_info.get('marker', 's') or 's')
+                eff_marker = ef_info.get('marker', '^') or '^'
+                sc_ef = _mk_sc(ax2, ef_info, eff_marker)
+                # Respect overall file visibility
+                try:
+                    vis_file = bool(finfo.get('visible', True))
+                except Exception:
+                    vis_file = True
+                for sc_tmp in (sc_ch, sc_dh, sc_ef):
+                    try:
+                        sc_tmp.set_visible(sc_tmp.get_visible() and vis_file)
+                    except Exception:
+                        pass
+                file_data.append({
+                    'filename': finfo.get('filename', f'File {idx+1}'),
+                    'visible': vis_file,
+                    'sc_charge': sc_ch,
+                    'sc_discharge': sc_dh,
+                    'sc_eff': sc_ef,
+                })
+            # Use the first file as primary artists for interactive menu
+            sc_charge = file_data[0]['sc_charge']
+            sc_discharge = file_data[0]['sc_discharge']
+            sc_eff = file_data[0]['sc_eff']
+        else:
+            # No multi-file info: fall back to single-file series
+            sc_charge = _mk_sc(ax, ch, 'o')
+            sc_discharge = _mk_sc(ax, dh, 's')
+            if 'marker' not in ef:
+                ef['marker'] = '^'
+            sc_eff = _mk_sc(ax2, ef, '^')
+            file_data = None
+        
+        # Restore spines state (version 2+)
+        try:
+            if not hasattr(fig, '_cpc_spine_colors') or not isinstance(fig._cpc_spine_colors, dict):
+                fig._cpc_spine_colors = {}
+            fig_meta = sess.get('figure', {})
+            spines_state = fig_meta.get('spines', {})
+            for key, props in spines_state.items():
+                if key.startswith('ax_'):
+                    name = key[3:]  # Remove 'ax_' prefix
+                    if name in ax.spines:
+                        sp = ax.spines[name]
+                        if 'linewidth' in props:
+                            sp.set_linewidth(props['linewidth'])
+                        if 'color' in props:
+                            sp.set_edgecolor(props['color'])
+                            if name in ('top','bottom'):
+                                ax.tick_params(axis='x', which='both', colors=props['color'])
+                                ax.xaxis.label.set_color(props['color'])
+                            else:
+                                ax.tick_params(axis='y', which='both', colors=props['color'])
+                                ax.yaxis.label.set_color(props['color'])
+                            fig._cpc_spine_colors[name] = props['color']
+                        if 'visible' in props:
+                            sp.set_visible(props['visible'])
+                elif key.startswith('ax2_'):
+                    name = key[4:]  # Remove 'ax2_' prefix
+                    if name in ax2.spines:
+                        sp = ax2.spines[name]
+                        if 'linewidth' in props:
+                            sp.set_linewidth(props['linewidth'])
+                        if 'color' in props:
+                            sp.set_edgecolor(props['color'])
+                            ax2.tick_params(axis='y', which='both', colors=props['color'])
+                            ax2.yaxis.label.set_color(props['color'])
+                            fig._cpc_spine_colors['right' if name == 'right' else name] = props['color']
+                        if 'visible' in props:
+                            sp.set_visible(props['visible'])
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+        
+        # Restore tick widths (version 2+)
+        try:
+            tick_widths = sess.get('tick_widths', {})
+            if tick_widths.get('x_major') is not None:
+                ax.tick_params(axis='x', which='major', width=tick_widths['x_major'])
+            if tick_widths.get('x_minor') is not None:
+                ax.tick_params(axis='x', which='minor', width=tick_widths['x_minor'])
+            if tick_widths.get('ly_major') is not None:
+                ax.tick_params(axis='y', which='major', width=tick_widths['ly_major'])
+            if tick_widths.get('ly_minor') is not None:
+                ax.tick_params(axis='y', which='minor', width=tick_widths['ly_minor'])
+            if tick_widths.get('ry_major') is not None:
+                ax2.tick_params(axis='y', which='major', width=tick_widths['ry_major'])
+            if tick_widths.get('ry_minor') is not None:
+                ax2.tick_params(axis='y', which='minor', width=tick_widths['ry_minor'])
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+        
+        # Restore tick direction (version 2+)
+        try:
+            tick_direction = sess.get('tick_direction', 'out')
+            if tick_direction:
+                setattr(fig, '_tick_direction', tick_direction)
+                ax.tick_params(axis='both', which='both', direction=tick_direction)
+                ax2.tick_params(axis='both', which='both', direction=tick_direction)
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+        
+        # Restore grid state
+        try:
+            grid_enabled = sess.get('grid', False)
+            if grid_enabled:
+                ax.grid(True, color='0.85', linestyle='-', linewidth=0.5, alpha=0.7)
+            else:
+                ax.grid(False)
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+        
+        # Restore subplot margins/frame size (version 2+)
+        try:
+            fig_meta = sess.get('figure', {})
+            margins = fig_meta.get('subplot_margins', {})
+            if margins is not None and isinstance(margins, dict):
+                fig.subplots_adjust(
+                    left=margins.get('left', 0.125),
+                    right=margins.get('right', 0.9),
+                    bottom=margins.get('bottom', 0.11),
+                    top=margins.get('top', 0.88)
+                )
+            
+            # Restore exact frame size if stored (for precision)
+            frame_size = fig_meta.get('frame_size')
+            if frame_size and isinstance(frame_size, (list, tuple)) and len(frame_size) == 2:
+                target_w_in, target_h_in = map(float, frame_size)
+                # Get current canvas size
+                canvas_w_in, canvas_h_in = fig.get_size_inches()
+                # Calculate needed fractions to achieve exact frame size
+                if canvas_w_in > 0 and canvas_h_in > 0:
+                    # Get current position to preserve centering
+                    bbox = ax.get_position()
+                    center_x = (bbox.x0 + bbox.x1) / 2.0
+                    center_y = (bbox.y0 + bbox.y1) / 2.0
+                    # Calculate new fractions
+                    new_w_frac = target_w_in / canvas_w_in
+                    new_h_frac = target_h_in / canvas_h_in
+                    # Reposition to maintain centering
+                    new_left = center_x - new_w_frac / 2.0
+                    new_right = center_x + new_w_frac / 2.0
+                    new_bottom = center_y - new_h_frac / 2.0
+                    new_top = center_y + new_h_frac / 2.0
+                    # Apply
+                    fig.subplots_adjust(left=new_left, right=new_right, bottom=new_bottom, top=new_top)
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+        
+        # Restore WASD state (version 2+)
+        try:
+            wasd_state = sess.get('wasd_state', {})
+            if wasd_state is not None and isinstance(wasd_state, dict) and wasd_state:
+                # Store on figure for interactive menu
+                fig._cpc_wasd_state = wasd_state
+                
+                # Apply WASD state
+                from matplotlib.ticker import AutoMinorLocator, NullFormatter
+                
+                # Spines
+                if 'top' in wasd_state:
+                    ax.spines['top'].set_visible(wasd_state['top'].get('spine', False))
+                    ax2.spines['top'].set_visible(wasd_state['top'].get('spine', False))
+                if 'bottom' in wasd_state:
+                    ax.spines['bottom'].set_visible(wasd_state['bottom'].get('spine', True))
+                    ax2.spines['bottom'].set_visible(wasd_state['bottom'].get('spine', True))
+                if 'left' in wasd_state:
+                    ax.spines['left'].set_visible(wasd_state['left'].get('spine', True))
+                if 'right' in wasd_state:
+                    ax2.spines['right'].set_visible(wasd_state['right'].get('spine', True))
+                
+                # Tick visibility
+                if 'top' in wasd_state and 'bottom' in wasd_state:
+                    ax.tick_params(axis='x',
+                                   top=wasd_state['top'].get('ticks', False),
+                                   bottom=wasd_state['bottom'].get('ticks', True),
+                                   labeltop=wasd_state['top'].get('labels', False),
+                                   labelbottom=wasd_state['bottom'].get('labels', True))
+                if 'left' in wasd_state:
+                    ax.tick_params(axis='y',
+                                   left=wasd_state['left'].get('ticks', True),
+                                   labelleft=wasd_state['left'].get('labels', True))
+                if 'right' in wasd_state:
+                    ax2.tick_params(axis='y',
+                                    right=wasd_state['right'].get('ticks', True),
+                                    labelright=wasd_state['right'].get('labels', True))
+                # Axis title visibility
+                try:
+                    if 'bottom' in wasd_state:
+                        ax.xaxis.label.set_visible(bool(wasd_state['bottom'].get('title', True)))
+                    if 'left' in wasd_state:
+                        ax.yaxis.label.set_visible(bool(wasd_state['left'].get('title', True)))
+                    if 'right' in wasd_state:
+                        ax2.yaxis.label.set_visible(bool(wasd_state['right'].get('title', True)))
+                except Exception:
+                    pass
+                
+                # Minor ticks
+                if wasd_state.get('top', {}).get('minor') or wasd_state.get('bottom', {}).get('minor'):
+                    ax.xaxis.set_minor_locator(AutoMinorLocator())
+                    ax.xaxis.set_minor_formatter(NullFormatter())
+                    ax.tick_params(axis='x', which='minor',
+                                   top=wasd_state.get('top', {}).get('minor', False),
+                                   bottom=wasd_state.get('bottom', {}).get('minor', False))
+                if wasd_state.get('left', {}).get('minor'):
+                    ax.yaxis.set_minor_locator(AutoMinorLocator())
+                    ax.yaxis.set_minor_formatter(NullFormatter())
+                    ax.tick_params(axis='y', which='minor', left=True)
+                if wasd_state.get('right', {}).get('minor'):
+                    ax2.yaxis.set_minor_locator(AutoMinorLocator())
+                    ax2.yaxis.set_minor_formatter(NullFormatter())
+                    ax2.tick_params(axis='y', which='minor', right=True)
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+        
+        # Restore tick widths (version 2+)
+        try:
+            tw = sess.get('tick_widths', {})
+            if tw:
+                if tw.get('x_major') is not None:
+                    ax.tick_params(axis='x', which='major', width=float(tw['x_major']))
+                if tw.get('x_minor') is not None:
+                    ax.tick_params(axis='x', which='minor', width=float(tw['x_minor']))
+                if tw.get('ly_major') is not None:
+                    ax.tick_params(axis='y', which='major', width=float(tw['ly_major']))
+                if tw.get('ly_minor') is not None:
+                    ax.tick_params(axis='y', which='minor', width=float(tw['ly_minor']))
+                if tw.get('ry_major') is not None:
+                    ax2.tick_params(axis='y', which='major', width=float(tw['ry_major']))
+                if tw.get('ry_minor') is not None:
+                    ax2.tick_params(axis='y', which='minor', width=float(tw['ry_minor']))
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+        
+        # Restore title offsets BEFORE restoring titles
+        try:
+            title_offsets = sess.get('title_offsets', {})
+            if title_offsets:
+                ax._top_xlabel_manual_offset_y_pts = float(title_offsets.get('top_y', 0.0) or 0.0)
+                ax._top_xlabel_manual_offset_x_pts = float(title_offsets.get('top_x', 0.0) or 0.0)
+                ax._bottom_xlabel_manual_offset_y_pts = float(title_offsets.get('bottom_y', 0.0) or 0.0)
+                ax._left_ylabel_manual_offset_x_pts = float(title_offsets.get('left_x', 0.0) or 0.0)
+                ax2._right_ylabel_manual_offset_x_pts = float(title_offsets.get('right_x', 0.0) or 0.0)
+                ax2._right_ylabel_manual_offset_y_pts = float(title_offsets.get('right_y', 0.0) or 0.0)
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+        
+        # Restore stored title texts (version 2+)
+        try:
+            stored_titles = sess.get('stored_titles', {})
+            if stored_titles is not None and isinstance(stored_titles, dict) and stored_titles:
+                ax._stored_xlabel = stored_titles.get('xlabel', '')
+                ax._stored_ylabel = stored_titles.get('ylabel', '')
+                ax._stored_top_xlabel = stored_titles.get('top_xlabel', '')
+                ax2._stored_ylabel = stored_titles.get('right_ylabel', '')
+                
+                # Create top xlabel text if it was visible
+                if wasd_state.get('top', {}).get('title') and ax._stored_top_xlabel:
+                    ax._top_xlabel_text = ax.text(0.5, 1.02, ax._stored_top_xlabel,
+                                                   transform=ax.transAxes,
+                                                   ha='center', va='bottom',
+                                                   fontsize=ax.xaxis.label.get_fontsize(),
+                                                   fontfamily=ax.xaxis.label.get_fontfamily())
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+        
+        # Legend
+        try:
+            handles1, labels1 = ax.get_legend_handles_labels()
+            handles2, labels2 = ax2.get_legend_handles_labels()
+            # Filter visible handles only
+            H, L = [], []
+            for h, l in list(zip(handles1, labels1)) + list(zip(handles2, labels2)):
+                try:
+                    if hasattr(h, 'get_visible') and not h.get_visible():
+                        continue
+                except Exception:
+                    pass
+                H.append(h); L.append(l)
+            leg_meta = sess.get('legend', {})
+            xy_in = leg_meta.get('xy_in')
+            vis = bool(leg_meta.get('visible', True))
+            if H and vis:
+                if xy_in is not None:
+                    fw, fh = fig.get_size_inches()
+                    fx = 0.5 + float(xy_in[0]) / float(fw)
+                    fy = 0.5 + float(xy_in[1]) / float(fh)
+                    # Use same spacing parameters as _legend_no_frame for consistent legend appearance
+                    leg = ax.legend(H, L, loc='center', bbox_to_anchor=(fx, fy), bbox_transform=fig.transFigure, 
+                                   handlelength=1.0, handletextpad=0.35, labelspacing=0.25, 
+                                   borderaxespad=0.5, borderpad=0.3, columnspacing=0.6,
+                                   labelcolor='linecolor', frameon=False)
+                    # persist inches on fig for interactive menu
+                    try:
+                        fig._cpc_legend_xy_in = (float(xy_in[0]), float(xy_in[1]))
+                    except Exception:
+                        pass
+                else:
+                    # Use same spacing parameters as _legend_no_frame for consistent legend appearance
+                    leg = ax.legend(H, L, loc='best', 
+                                   handlelength=1.0, handletextpad=0.35, labelspacing=0.25, 
+                                   borderaxespad=0.5, borderpad=0.3, columnspacing=0.6,
+                                   labelcolor='linecolor', frameon=False)
+                # Ensure legend frame is off (redundant but safe)
+                try:
+                    if leg is not None:
+                        leg.set_frame_on(False)
+                except Exception:
+                    pass
+            else:
+                try:
+                    fig._cpc_legend_xy_in = (float(xy_in[0]), float(xy_in[1])) if xy_in is not None else None
+                except Exception:
+                    pass
+                # ensure legend hidden
+                leg = ax.get_legend()
+                if leg is not None:
+                    leg.set_visible(False)
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+        try:
+            fig.canvas.draw()
+        except Exception:
+            try:
+                fig.canvas.draw_idle()
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+        return fig, ax, ax2, sc_charge, sc_discharge, sc_eff, file_data
+    except Exception as e:
+        import traceback
+        print(f"Error loading CPC session: {e}")
+        traceback.print_exc()
+        return None