aio-scrapy 2.1.4__py3-none-any.whl → 2.1.7__py3-none-any.whl

aioscrapy/core/downloader/__init__.py

@@ -1,3 +1,38 @@
+"""
+Downloader Module
+下载器模块
+
+This module provides the core downloader functionality for AioScrapy. The downloader
+is responsible for fetching web pages and other resources from the internet, managing
+concurrency, handling delays between requests, and processing the results through
+middleware.
+此模块为AioScrapy提供核心下载功能。下载器负责从互联网获取网页和其他资源，
+管理并发，处理请求之间的延迟，并通过中间件处理结果。
+
+The main components are:
+主要组件包括：
+
+1. BaseDownloader: Abstract base class defining the downloader interface
+                  定义下载器接口的抽象基类
+2. Downloader: Default implementation of the downloader
+              下载器的默认实现
+3. Slot: Class for managing per-domain or per-IP concurrency and delays
+        用于管理每个域名或每个IP的并发和延迟的类
+
+The downloader respects various settings like:
+下载器遵循各种设置，如：
+
+- CONCURRENT_REQUESTS: Global concurrency limit
+                      全局并发限制
+- CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_DOMAIN: Per-domain concurrency limit
+                                每个域名的并发限制
+- CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_IP: Per-IP concurrency limit
+                            每个IP的并发限制
+- DOWNLOAD_DELAY: Delay between requests
+                 请求之间的延迟
+- RANDOMIZE_DOWNLOAD_DELAY: Whether to randomize delays
+                          是否随机化延迟
+"""
 import asyncio
 import random
 from abc import abstractmethod
@@ -21,11 +56,48 @@ from aioscrapy.utils.tools import call_helper, create_task
 
 
 class BaseDownloaderMeta(type):
+    """
+    Metaclass for BaseDownloader that implements the virtual subclass pattern.
+    BaseDownloader的元类，实现虚拟子类模式。
+
+    This metaclass allows classes to be recognized as BaseDownloader subclasses
+    if they implement the required interface, even if they don't explicitly inherit from it.
+    该元类允许类被识别为BaseDownloader的子类，如果它们实现了所需的接口，即使它们没有显式地继承它。
+    """
 
     def __instancecheck__(cls, instance):
+        """
+        Check if an instance is an instance of this class.
+        检查实例是否是此类的实例。
+
+        Args:
+            instance: The instance to check.
+                     要检查的实例。
+
+        Returns:
+            bool: True if the instance implements the required interface.
+                 如果实例实现了所需的接口，则为True。
+        """
         return cls.__subclasscheck__(type(instance))
 
     def __subclasscheck__(cls, subclass):
+        """
+        Check if a class is a subclass of this class.
+        检查类是否是此类的子类。
+
+        A class is considered a subclass if it implements the required methods:
+        如果类实现了所需的方法，则被视为子类：
+        - fetch: For downloading requests
+        - needs_backout: For checking if the downloader is at capacity
+
+        Args:
+            subclass: The class to check.
+                     要检查的类。
+
+        Returns:
+            bool: True if the class implements the required interface.
+                 如果类实现了所需的接口，则为True。
+        """
         return (
                 hasattr(subclass, "fetch") and callable(subclass.fetch)
                 and hasattr(subclass, "needs_backout") and callable(subclass.needs_backout)
@@ -33,20 +105,79 @@ class BaseDownloaderMeta(type):
 
 
 class BaseDownloader(metaclass=BaseDownloaderMeta):
+    """
+    Abstract base class for downloaders.
+    下载器的抽象基类。
+
+    This class defines the interface that all downloaders must implement.
+    此类定义了所有下载器必须实现的接口。
+    """
 
     @classmethod
     async def from_crawler(cls, crawler) -> "BaseDownloader":
+        """
+        Create a downloader instance from a crawler.
+        从爬虫创建下载器实例。
+
+        This is a factory method that creates a downloader instance from a crawler.
+        In the base class, the crawler parameter is not used, but subclasses can
+        override this method to use crawler settings or other attributes to
+        configure the downloader.
+        这是一个工厂方法，从爬虫创建下载器实例。在基类中，crawler参数未被使用，
+        但子类可以覆盖此方法以使用爬虫设置或其他属性来配置下载器。
+
+        Args:
+            crawler: The crawler instance that will use this downloader.
+                    将使用此下载器的爬虫实例。
+                    This parameter is not used in the base implementation but is
+                    provided for subclasses to use.
+                    此参数在基本实现中未使用，但提供给子类使用。
+
+        Returns:
+            BaseDownloader: A new downloader instance.
+                           一个新的下载器实例。
+        """
+        # The crawler parameter is intentionally unused in the base implementation
+        # 在基本实现中有意不使用crawler参数
         return cls()
 
     async def close(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Close the downloader and release its resources.
+        关闭下载器并释放其资源。
+
+        This method is called when the spider is closed.
+        当爬虫关闭时调用此方法。
+        """
         pass
 
     @abstractmethod
     async def fetch(self, request: Request) -> None:
+        """
+        Fetch a request.
+        获取请求。
+
+        This method should download the given request and call the appropriate
+        callback with the result.
+        此方法应下载给定的请求并使用结果调用适当的回调。
+
+        Args:
+            request: The request to fetch.
+                    要获取的请求。
+        """
         raise NotImplementedError()
 
     @abstractmethod
     def needs_backout(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        Check if the downloader needs to back out (stop accepting new requests).
+        检查下载器是否需要退出（停止接受新请求）。
+
+        Returns:
+            bool: True if the downloader is at capacity and should not accept
+                 new requests, False otherwise.
+                 如果下载器已达到容量并且不应接受新请求，则为True，否则为False。
+        """
         raise NotImplementedError()
 
 
@@ -54,33 +185,96 @@ DownloaderTV = TypeVar("DownloaderTV", bound="Downloader")
 
 
 class Slot:
-    """Downloader slot"""
+    """
+    Downloader slot for managing per-domain or per-IP concurrency and delays.
+    用于管理每个域名或每个IP的并发和延迟的下载器槽。
+
+    Each domain or IP has its own slot to control:
+    每个域名或IP都有自己的槽来控制：
+    - Concurrency: How many requests can be processed simultaneously
+      并发：可以同时处理多少请求
+    - Delay: How long to wait between requests
+      延迟：请求之间等待多长时间
+    """
 
     def __init__(self, concurrency: int, delay: float, randomize_delay: bool) -> None:
+        """
+        Initialize a new downloader slot.
+        初始化一个新的下载器槽。
+
+        Args:
+            concurrency: Maximum number of concurrent requests for this slot.
+                        此槽的最大并发请求数。
+            delay: Minimum delay between requests in seconds.
+                  请求之间的最小延迟（秒）。
+            randomize_delay: Whether to randomize the delay between requests.
+                           是否随机化请求之间的延迟。
+        """
         self.concurrency = concurrency
         self.delay = delay
         self.randomize_delay = randomize_delay
 
-        self.active: Set[Request] = set()
-        self.transferring: Set[Request] = set()
-        self.queue: Deque[Request] = deque()
-        self.lastseen: float = 0
-        self.delay_lock: bool = False
-
-    def free_transfer_slots(self):
+        self.active: Set[Request] = set()  # All requests being processed by this slot
+                                          # 此槽正在处理的所有请求
+        self.transferring: Set[Request] = set()  # Requests being downloaded
+                                               # 正在下载的请求
+        self.queue: Deque[Request] = deque()  # Requests queued for download
+                                             # 排队等待下载的请求
+        self.lastseen: float = 0  # Timestamp of last request processed
+                                 # 上次处理请求的时间戳
+        self.delay_lock: bool = False  # Lock to prevent concurrent delay processing
+                                      # 锁定以防止并发延迟处理
+
+    def free_transfer_slots(self) -> int:
+        """
+        Calculate how many more requests can be processed concurrently.
+        计算可以同时处理多少个更多的请求。
+
+        Returns:
+            int: Number of available transfer slots.
+                可用传输槽的数量。
+        """
         return self.concurrency - len(self.transferring)
 
     def download_delay(self) -> float:
+        """
+        Get the delay to use between requests.
+        获取请求之间使用的延迟。
+
+        If randomize_delay is True, the delay will be randomized between
+        0.5 and 1.5 times the configured delay.
+        如果randomize_delay为True，延迟将在配置的延迟的0.5到1.5倍之间随机化。
+
+        Returns:
+            float: The delay in seconds.
+                  延迟（秒）。
+        """
         if self.randomize_delay:
             return random.uniform(0.5 * self.delay, 1.5 * self.delay)
         return self.delay
 
-    def __repr__(self):
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        """
+        Return a string representation of the slot for debugging.
+        返回用于调试的槽的字符串表示。
+
+        Returns:
+            str: A string representation of the slot.
+                槽的字符串表示。
+        """
         cls_name = self.__class__.__name__
         return "%s(concurrency=%r, delay=%0.2f, randomize_delay=%r)" % (
             cls_name, self.concurrency, self.delay, self.randomize_delay)
 
-    def __str__(self):
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        """
+        Return a detailed string representation of the slot.
+        返回槽的详细字符串表示。
+
+        Returns:
+            str: A detailed string representation of the slot.
+                槽的详细字符串表示。
+        """
         return (
                 "<downloader.Slot concurrency=%r delay=%0.2f randomize_delay=%r "
                 "len(active)=%d len(queue)=%d len(transferring)=%d lastseen=%s>" % (
@@ -92,10 +286,37 @@ class Slot:
 
 
 def _get_concurrency_delay(concurrency: int, spider: Spider, settings: Settings) -> Tuple[int, float]:
+    """
+    Get the concurrency and delay settings for a spider.
+    获取爬虫的并发和延迟设置。
+
+    This function determines the appropriate concurrency and delay values
+    by checking both the settings and spider attributes.
+    此函数通过检查设置和爬虫属性来确定适当的并发和延迟值。
+
+    Spider-specific settings take precedence over global settings.
+    爬虫特定的设置优先于全局设置。
+
+    Args:
+        concurrency: Default concurrency value from settings.
+                    来自设置的默认并发值。
+        spider: The spider instance.
+               爬虫实例。
+        settings: The settings object.
+                 设置对象。
+
+    Returns:
+        Tuple[int, float]: A tuple containing (concurrency, delay).
+                          包含（并发，延迟）的元组。
+    """
+    # Get delay from settings, then override with spider attribute if available
+    # 从设置获取延迟，然后如果可用，用爬虫属性覆盖
     delay = settings.getfloat('DOWNLOAD_DELAY')
     if hasattr(spider, 'download_delay'):
         delay = spider.download_delay
 
+    # Get concurrency from settings, then override with spider attribute if available
+    # 从设置获取并发，然后如果可用，用爬虫属性覆盖
     if hasattr(spider, 'max_concurrent_requests'):
         concurrency = spider.max_concurrent_requests
 
@@ -103,7 +324,17 @@ def _get_concurrency_delay(concurrency: int, spider: Spider, settings: Settings)
 
 
 class Downloader(BaseDownloader):
-    DOWNLOAD_SLOT: str = 'download_slot'
+    """
+    Default implementation of the downloader.
+    下载器的默认实现。
+
+    This class handles downloading requests, managing concurrency and delays,
+    and processing the results through middleware.
+    此类处理下载请求、管理并发和延迟，并通过中间件处理结果。
+    """
+
+    DOWNLOAD_SLOT: str = 'download_slot'  # Meta key for custom download slot
+                                         # 自定义下载槽的元键
 
     def __init__(
             self,
@@ -114,140 +345,414 @@ class Downloader(BaseDownloader):
             proxy: Optional[AbsProxy] = None,
             dupefilter: Optional[DupeFilterBase] = None,
     ):
+        """
+        Initialize the downloader.
+        初始化下载器。
+
+        Args:
+            crawler: The crawler instance that this downloader belongs to.
+                    此下载器所属的爬虫实例。
+            handler: The download handler manager.
+                    下载处理程序管理器。
+            middleware: The downloader middleware manager.
+                       下载器中间件管理器。
+            proxy: Optional proxy handler for managing proxies.
+                  可选的代理处理程序，用于管理代理。
+            dupefilter: Optional duplicate filter for avoiding duplicate requests.
+                       可选的重复过滤器，用于避免重复请求。
+        """
+        # Components from crawler
+        # 来自爬虫的组件
         self.settings: Settings = crawler.settings
         self.signals: SignalManager = crawler.signals
         self.spider: Spider = crawler.spider
         self.spider.proxy = proxy
         self._call_engine: Callable = crawler.engine.handle_downloader_output
 
+        # External components
+        # 外部组件
         self.middleware = middleware
         self.handler = handler
         self.proxy = proxy
         self.dupefilter = dupefilter
 
+        # Concurrency and delay settings
+        # 并发和延迟设置
         self.total_concurrency: int = self.settings.getint('CONCURRENT_REQUESTS')
         self.get_requests_count: int = self.settings.getint('GET_REQUESTS_COUNT') or self.total_concurrency
         self.domain_concurrency: int = self.settings.getint('CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_DOMAIN')
         self.ip_concurrency: int = self.settings.getint('CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_IP')
         self.randomize_delay: bool = self.settings.getbool('RANDOMIZE_DOWNLOAD_DELAY')
 
-        self.active: Set[Request] = set()
-        self.slots: dict = {}
+        # State
+        # 状态
+        self.active: Set[Request] = set()  # All active requests
+                                          # 所有活动请求
+        self.slots: dict = {}  # Domain/IP -> Slot mapping
+                              # 域名/IP -> 槽映射
         self.running: bool = True
+
+        # Start slot garbage collector
+        # 启动槽垃圾收集器
         create_task(self._slot_gc(60))
 
     @classmethod
     async def from_crawler(cls, crawler) -> "Downloader":
+        """
+        Create a downloader instance from a crawler.
+        从爬虫创建下载器实例。
+
+        This factory method creates and initializes a downloader with all the
+        necessary components from the crawler.
+        此工厂方法创建并初始化具有爬虫中所有必要组件的下载器。
+
+        Args:
+            crawler: The crawler instance that will use this downloader.
+                    将使用此下载器的爬虫实例。
+
+        Returns:
+            Downloader: A new downloader instance.
+                       一个新的下载器实例。
+        """
+        # Initialize dupefilter if configured
+        # 如果已配置，则初始化重复过滤器
         df = crawler.settings.get('DUPEFILTER_CLASS') and await load_instance(crawler.settings['DUPEFILTER_CLASS'],
                                                                               crawler=crawler)
+        # Bind dupefilter to spider for access in spider callbacks
+        # 将重复过滤器绑定到爬虫，以便在爬虫回调中访问
         crawler.spider.dupefilter = df  # 将指纹绑定到Spider 在解析成功的时候 调用DUPEFILTER_CLASS的success方法
+
+        # Initialize proxy handler if configured
+        # 如果已配置，则初始化代理处理程序
+        proxy_handler = crawler.settings.get("PROXY_HANDLER") and await load_instance(
+            crawler.settings["PROXY_HANDLER"],
+            crawler=crawler
+        )
+
         return cls(
             crawler,
             await call_helper(DownloadHandlerManager.from_crawler, crawler),
             await call_helper(DownloaderMiddlewareManager.from_crawler, crawler),
-            proxy=crawler.settings.get("PROXY_HANDLER") and await load_instance(crawler.settings["PROXY_HANDLER"],
-                                                                                crawler=crawler),
+            proxy=proxy_handler,
             dupefilter=df
         )
 
     async def fetch(self, request: Request) -> None:
+        """
+        Fetch a request.
+        获取请求。
+
+        This method adds the request to the appropriate download slot and
+        starts processing the queue if possible.
+        此方法将请求添加到适当的下载槽，并在可能的情况下开始处理队列。
+
+        Args:
+            request: The request to fetch.
+                    要获取的请求。
+        """
+        # Add to global active requests set
+        # 添加到全局活动请求集
         self.active.add(request)
+
+        # Get the appropriate slot for this request
+        # 获取此请求的适当槽
         key, slot = self._get_slot(request, self.spider)
         request.meta[self.DOWNLOAD_SLOT] = key
 
+        # Add to slot's active and queue sets
+        # 添加到槽的活动和队列集
         slot.active.add(request)
         slot.queue.append(request)
+
+        # Start processing the queue
+        # 开始处理队列
         await self._process_queue(slot)
 
     async def _process_queue(self, slot: Slot) -> None:
+        """
+        Process the request queue for a slot.
+        处理槽的请求队列。
+
+        This method handles the download delay between requests and starts
+        downloading requests when slots are available.
+        此方法处理请求之间的下载延迟，并在槽可用时开始下载请求。
+
+        Args:
+            slot: The slot whose queue should be processed.
+                 应处理其队列的槽。
+        """
+        # If the slot is already waiting for a delay, don't process again
+        # 如果槽已经在等待延迟，则不要再次处理
         if slot.delay_lock:
             return
 
         now = time()
         delay = slot.download_delay()
+
+        # Handle download delay between requests
+        # 处理请求之间的下载延迟
         if delay:
             penalty = delay - now + slot.lastseen
             if penalty > 0:
+                # Need to wait before processing next request
+                # 需要等待才能处理下一个请求
                 slot.delay_lock = True
                 await asyncio.sleep(penalty)
                 slot.delay_lock = False
+                # Schedule another processing after the delay
+                # 延迟后安排另一次处理
                 create_task(self._process_queue(slot))
                 return
 
+        # Process as many queued requests as possible
+        # 尽可能多地处理排队的请求
         while slot.queue and slot.free_transfer_slots() > 0:
             request = slot.queue.popleft()
             slot.transferring.add(request)
             create_task(self._download(slot, request))
+            # If there's a delay, only process one request at a time
+            # 如果有延迟，一次只处理一个请求
             if delay:
                 break
 
     async def _download(self, slot: Slot, request: Request) -> None:
+        """
+        Download a request and process the result.
+        下载请求并处理结果。
+
+        This method handles the entire download process including:
+        此方法处理整个下载过程，包括：
+
+        1. Duplicate filtering
+           重复过滤
+        2. Middleware processing
+           中间件处理
+        3. Actual downloading
+           实际下载
+        4. Proxy handling
+           代理处理
+        5. Response processing
+           响应处理
+        6. Exception handling
+           异常处理
+        7. Cleanup and callback
+           清理和回调
+
+        Args:
+            slot: The slot that the request belongs to.
+                 请求所属的槽。
+            request: The request to download.
+                    要下载的请求。
+        """
         result = None
         try:
+            # Check if request is a duplicate
+            # 检查请求是否重复
             if self.dupefilter and not request.dont_filter and await self.dupefilter.request_seen(request):
                 self.dupefilter.log(request, self.spider)
                 return
+
+            # Update last seen timestamp
+            # 更新上次看到的时间戳
             slot.lastseen = time()
+
+            # Process request through middleware
+            # 通过中间件处理请求
             result = await self.middleware.process_request(self.spider, request)
+
+            # If middleware didn't return a response, download the request
+            # 如果中间件没有返回响应，则下载请求
             if result is None:
+                # Add proxy if available
+                # 如果可用，添加代理
                 self.proxy and await self.proxy.add_proxy(request)
                 result = await self.handler.download_request(request, self.spider)
         except BaseException as exc:
+            # Handle exceptions
+            # 处理异常
             self.proxy and self.proxy.check(request, exception=exc)
             result = await self.middleware.process_exception(self.spider, request, exc)
         else:
+            # Process successful response
+            # 处理成功的响应
             if isinstance(result, Response):
                 try:
+                    # Check proxy status with response
+                    # 使用响应检查代理状态
                     self.proxy and self.proxy.check(request, response=result)
                     result = await self.middleware.process_response(self.spider, request, result)
                 except BaseException as exc:
                     result = exc
         finally:
+            # Cleanup: remove request from all tracking collections
+            # 清理：从所有跟踪集合中删除请求
             slot.transferring.remove(request)
             slot.active.remove(request)
             self.active.remove(request)
 
+            # Send signal if we got a response
+            # 如果我们得到响应，发送信号
             if isinstance(result, Response):
                 await self.signals.send_catch_log(signal=signals.response_downloaded,
                                                   response=result,
                                                   request=request,
                                                   spider=self.spider)
-            #  控制指纹是否移除
+
+            # Update dupefilter with request status
+            # 使用请求状态更新重复过滤器
             self.dupefilter and \
                 not request.dont_filter and \
                 await self.dupefilter.done(request, done_type="request_ok" if isinstance(result, Response) else "request_err")
 
+            # Send result to engine and process next request
+            # 将结果发送到引擎并处理下一个请求
             await self._call_engine(result, request)
             await self._process_queue(slot)
 
     async def close(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Close the downloader and release its resources.
+        关闭下载器并释放其资源。
+
+        This method stops the downloader from accepting new requests and
+        closes the dupefilter if one is being used.
+        此方法停止下载器接受新请求，并在使用重复过滤器时关闭它。
+        """
+        # Stop accepting new requests
+        # 停止接受新请求
         self.running = False
+
+        # Close the dupefilter if one exists
+        # 如果存在重复过滤器，则关闭它
         self.dupefilter and await self.dupefilter.close()
 
     async def _slot_gc(self, age=60):
+        """
+        Garbage collector for download slots.
+        下载槽的垃圾收集器。
+
+        This method periodically checks for inactive slots and removes them
+        to free up memory.
+        此方法定期检查不活动的槽并删除它们以释放内存。
+
+        Args:
+            age: The minimum age in seconds for a slot to be considered for removal.
+                 槽被考虑删除的最小年龄（秒）。
+        """
         while self.running:
+            # Wait for the specified age before checking
+            # 在检查之前等待指定的年龄
             await asyncio.sleep(age)
+
+            # Iterate through a copy of the slots to avoid modification during iteration
+            # 遍历槽的副本以避免在迭代期间修改
             for key, slot in list(self.slots.items()):
+                # Log slot state for debugging
+                # 记录槽状态以进行调试
                 logger.debug(slot)
+
+                # Remove slots that have been inactive for at least 'age' seconds
+                # 删除至少'age'秒不活动的槽
                 if not slot.active and slot.lastseen + slot.delay < (time() - age):
                     self.slots.pop(key)
 
-    def needs_backout(self):
+    def needs_backout(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        Check if the downloader needs to stop accepting new requests.
+        检查下载器是否停止接受新请求。
+
+        This method checks if the downloader has reached its maximum concurrency
+        limit and should not accept new requests.
+        此方法检查下载器是否已达到其最大并发限制，并且不应接受新请求。
+
+        Returns:
+            bool: True if the downloader is at capacity and should not accept
+                 new requests, False otherwise.
+                 如果下载器已达到容量并且不应接受新请求，则为True，否则为False。
+        """
         return len(self.active) >= self.total_concurrency
 
     def _get_slot(self, request, spider):
+        """
+        Get or create a download slot for a request.
+        获取或创建请求的下载槽。
+
+        This method determines which slot a request should use based on its
+        domain, IP, or custom slot key, and creates the slot if it doesn't exist.
+        此方法根据请求的域名、IP或自定义槽键确定请求应使用哪个槽，如果槽不存在则创建它。
+
+        Args:
+            request: The request to get a slot for.
+                    要获取槽的请求。
+            spider: The spider making the request.
+                   发出请求的爬虫。
+
+        Returns:
+            Tuple[str, Slot]: A tuple containing the slot key and the slot object.
+                             包含槽键和槽对象的元组。
+        """
+        # Get the slot key for this request
+        # 获取此请求的槽键
         key = self._get_slot_key(request, spider)
+
+        # Create the slot if it doesn't exist
+        # 如果槽不存在，则创建它
         if key not in self.slots:
+            # Determine concurrency based on settings
+            # 根据设置确定并发
             conc = self.ip_concurrency if self.ip_concurrency else self.domain_concurrency
+
+            # Get spider-specific concurrency and delay
+            # 获取爬虫特定的并发和延迟
             conc, delay = _get_concurrency_delay(conc, spider, self.settings)
+
+            # Create a new slot with the determined settings
+            # 使用确定的设置创建新槽
             self.slots[key] = Slot(conc, delay, self.randomize_delay)
+
         return key, self.slots[key]
 
     def _get_slot_key(self, request, spider):
+        """
+        Get the key for determining which download slot to use for a request.
+        获取用于确定请求使用哪个下载槽的键。
+
+        The slot key is determined in the following order:
+        槽键按以下顺序确定：
+
+        1. Custom slot from request.meta['download_slot'] if present
+           如果存在，则从request.meta['download_slot']获取自定义槽
+        2. Proxy address if IP concurrency is enabled
+           如果启用了IP并发，则使用代理地址
+        3. Request hostname
+           请求主机名
+
+        Args:
+            request: The request to get a slot key for.
+                    要获取槽键的请求。
+            spider: The spider making the request (not used in this implementation
+                   but kept for interface consistency).
+                   发出请求的爬虫（在此实现中未使用，但保留以保持接口一致性）。
+                   This parameter is included to maintain a consistent interface with
+                   other methods that might need the spider instance, and to allow
+                   subclasses to use it if needed.
+                   包含此参数是为了保持与可能需要爬虫实例的其他方法的一致接口，
+                   并允许子类在需要时使用它。
+
+        Returns:
+            str: The slot key for the request.
+                请求的槽键。
+        """
+        # Check for custom slot in request meta
+        # 检查请求元数据中的自定义槽
         if self.DOWNLOAD_SLOT in request.meta:
             return request.meta[self.DOWNLOAD_SLOT]
 
+        # Use proxy as key if IP concurrency is enabled
+        # 如果启用了IP并发，则使用代理作为键
         if self.ip_concurrency:
             return request.meta.get("proxy", '')
+        # Otherwise use hostname
+        # 否则使用主机名
         else:
             return urlparse_cached(request).hostname or ''