agentengine-sdk-python 0.7.0__py3-none-any.whl → 0.8.0__py3-none-any.whl

ksadk/a2a/__init__.py

@@ -1,15 +1,182 @@
-"""A2A protocol helpers for KsADK runners and remote agents."""
+"""A2A 协议数据面 (goal-05 清洁重写,wire 1.0 / a2a-sdk 1.1.0)。
 
-from ksadk.a2a.card_builder import AgentCardBuilder
-from ksadk.a2a.client import RemoteA2AAgent, RemoteA2AClient
-from ksadk.a2a.executor import KsAgentExecutor
-from ksadk.a2a.server import KsA2AServer, to_a2a
+旧 0.3 demo(``A2AStarletteApplication`` + ``InMemoryTaskStore`` + 顶层 ``url``)
+已整体推倒,不保留兼容。本包:
+
+- :mod:`ksadk.a2a.card` — wire 1.0 AgentCard(``supportedInterfaces``)。
+- :mod:`ksadk.a2a.task_store` — durable ``DatabaseTaskStore``(表 ``ksadk_a2a_tasks``)。
+- :mod:`ksadk.a2a.executor` — runner → A2A 请求生命周期桥接。
+- :mod:`ksadk.a2a.task_adapter` — A2A Task ↔ Runtime 映射(§7.2),cancel 走 RuntimeAdapter。
+- :mod:`ksadk.a2a.event_adapter` — A2A Message/Task/Artifact ↔ RuntimeEvent。
+- :mod:`ksadk.a2a.server` — ``A2AProtocolServer``(route factories + handler + store)。
+- :mod:`ksadk.a2a.routes` — ``add_a2a_protocol_routes`` 装配进 create_runtime_app。
+
+client 侧(``A2ASpaceClient`` 动态发现)见 goal-06。
+"""
+
+from ksadk.a2a.bootstrap import A2ACheckpointStore, AgentEngineA2ABootstrap, RuntimeA2AMetadata
+from ksadk.a2a.card import (
+    A2A_PROTOCOL_VERSION,
+    JSONRPC_PATH,
+    REST_PATH_PREFIX,
+    build_agent_card,
+)
+from ksadk.a2a.context_store import (
+    A2AContextIdentity,
+    A2AContextStore,
+    SQLiteA2AContextStore,
+)
+from ksadk.a2a.control_plane import (
+    A2A_INTERNAL_ACTIONS,
+    A2A_INTERNAL_PATH_PREFIX,
+    ENV_A2A_CONTROL_PLANE_URL,
+    ENV_A2A_TOKEN_DIR,
+    A2AControlPlane,
+    A2AControlPlaneError,
+    A2AInternalAction,
+    A2AOperation,
+    A2ARoute,
+    A2ARouteInterface,
+    A2ATarget,
+    CredentialInjection,
+    FileWorkloadTokenProvider,
+    InternalA2AControlPlaneClient,
+    PreparedA2AOperation,
+    RemoteTaskReference,
+    WorkloadTokenProvider,
+    build_a2a_internal_action_path,
+)
+from ksadk.a2a.event_adapter import A2AEventAdapter
+from ksadk.a2a.executor import A2ARuntimeExecutor
+from ksadk.a2a.external_transport import (
+    ERR_VPC_EGRESS_DIALER_REQUIRED,
+    A2AExternalTransport,
+    A2ARouteOpener,
+    A2ATransportLease,
+    CallableA2ARouteOpener,
+    GuardedA2AExternalTransport,
+    RuntimeLocalA2AExternalTransport,
+)
+from ksadk.a2a.identity import (
+    A2AGatewayIdentityMiddleware,
+    A2AIngressIdentity,
+    A2AIngressTargetBinding,
+    A2ATrustedIdentityResolver,
+    CallableGatewayIdentityVerifier,
+    CallableGatewayProbeVerifier,
+    GatewayIdentityVerifier,
+    GatewayProbeVerifier,
+)
+from ksadk.a2a.langgraph import (
+    A2AStreamEvent,
+    stream_a2a_agent,
+    stream_a2a_agent_events,
+    stream_a2a_agent_to_writer,
+)
+from ksadk.a2a.resume_store import (
+    A2AResumePayloadKind,
+    A2AResumeState,
+    A2AResumeStateStore,
+    InMemoryA2AResumeStateStore,
+    SQLiteA2AResumeStateStore,
+)
+from ksadk.a2a.routes import A2AConfig, add_a2a_protocol_routes
+from ksadk.a2a.server import A2AProtocolServer
+from ksadk.a2a.space_client import (
+    ENV_A2A_ENABLE_PUBLIC_EGRESS,
+    ENV_A2A_SPACE_IDS,
+    ERR_PUBLIC_EGRESS_DISABLED,
+    A2APlatformTask,
+    A2ASpaceClient,
+    DiscoveredAgent,
+    SpaceAgentPage,
+)
+from ksadk.a2a.task_adapter import A2ARuntimeTaskAdapter
+from ksadk.a2a.task_event_dispatcher import A2ATaskEventDispatcher, A2ATaskEventSink
+from ksadk.a2a.task_event_outbox import (
+    DEFAULT_A2A_EVENT_OUTBOX_PATH,
+    ENV_A2A_EVENT_OUTBOX_PATH,
+    A2ATaskEventBatch,
+    A2ATaskEventOutbox,
+    InMemoryA2ATaskEventOutbox,
+    SQLiteA2ATaskEventOutbox,
+)
+from ksadk.a2a.task_store import A2A_TASK_TABLE, build_a2a_task_store
 
 __all__ = [
-    "AgentCardBuilder",
-    "KsA2AServer",
-    "KsAgentExecutor",
-    "RemoteA2AAgent",
-    "RemoteA2AClient",
-    "to_a2a",
+    "A2AConfig",
+    "A2ACheckpointStore",
+    "A2AContextIdentity",
+    "A2AContextStore",
+    "A2AControlPlane",
+    "A2AControlPlaneError",
+    "A2AInternalAction",
+    "A2A_INTERNAL_ACTIONS",
+    "A2A_INTERNAL_PATH_PREFIX",
+    "A2AOperation",
+    "A2AEventAdapter",
+    "A2AExternalTransport",
+    "A2AGatewayIdentityMiddleware",
+    "A2AIngressIdentity",
+    "A2AIngressTargetBinding",
+    "A2APlatformTask",
+    "A2AProtocolServer",
+    "A2ARuntimeExecutor",
+    "A2ARuntimeTaskAdapter",
+    "A2AResumeState",
+    "A2AResumePayloadKind",
+    "A2AResumeStateStore",
+    "A2ASpaceClient",
+    "A2AStreamEvent",
+    "A2A_PROTOCOL_VERSION",
+    "A2ARoute",
+    "A2ARouteOpener",
+    "A2ARouteInterface",
+    "A2A_TASK_TABLE",
+    "A2ATarget",
+    "A2ATaskEventBatch",
+    "A2ATaskEventDispatcher",
+    "A2ATaskEventSink",
+    "A2ATaskEventOutbox",
+    "A2ATransportLease",
+    "A2ATrustedIdentityResolver",
+    "AgentEngineA2ABootstrap",
+    "CallableA2ARouteOpener",
+    "CallableGatewayIdentityVerifier",
+    "CallableGatewayProbeVerifier",
+    "CredentialInjection",
+    "DiscoveredAgent",
+    "ERR_VPC_EGRESS_DIALER_REQUIRED",
+    "DEFAULT_A2A_EVENT_OUTBOX_PATH",
+    "ENV_A2A_CONTROL_PLANE_URL",
+    "ENV_A2A_ENABLE_PUBLIC_EGRESS",
+    "ENV_A2A_EVENT_OUTBOX_PATH",
+    "ENV_A2A_SPACE_IDS",
+    "ENV_A2A_TOKEN_DIR",
+    "ERR_PUBLIC_EGRESS_DISABLED",
+    "FileWorkloadTokenProvider",
+    "GatewayIdentityVerifier",
+    "GatewayProbeVerifier",
+    "GuardedA2AExternalTransport",
+    "InMemoryA2ATaskEventOutbox",
+    "InMemoryA2AResumeStateStore",
+    "JSONRPC_PATH",
+    "InternalA2AControlPlaneClient",
+    "PreparedA2AOperation",
+    "RemoteTaskReference",
+    "REST_PATH_PREFIX",
+    "SpaceAgentPage",
+    "SQLiteA2ATaskEventOutbox",
+    "SQLiteA2AContextStore",
+    "SQLiteA2AResumeStateStore",
+    "RuntimeA2AMetadata",
+    "RuntimeLocalA2AExternalTransport",
+    "WorkloadTokenProvider",
+    "add_a2a_protocol_routes",
+    "build_a2a_task_store",
+    "build_a2a_internal_action_path",
+    "build_agent_card",
+    "stream_a2a_agent",
+    "stream_a2a_agent_events",
+    "stream_a2a_agent_to_writer",
 ]

ksadk/a2a/bootstrap.py

@@ -0,0 +1,334 @@
+"""AgentEngine product composition root for managed inbound and outbound A2A."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import inspect
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from typing import Any, Protocol, Sequence
+from urllib.parse import urlsplit
+
+import httpx
+from a2a.server.tasks import TaskStore
+from a2a.types import AgentSkill
+from fastapi import FastAPI
+
+from ksadk.a2a.context_store import A2AContextStore
+from ksadk.a2a.external_transport import RuntimeLocalA2AExternalTransport
+from ksadk.a2a.identity import (
+    A2AGatewayIdentityMiddleware,
+    A2AIngressTargetBinding,
+    A2ATrustedIdentityResolver,
+    GatewayIdentityVerifier,
+    GatewayProbeVerifier,
+)
+from ksadk.a2a.ids import require_a2a_resource_id
+from ksadk.a2a.resume_store import A2AResumeStateStore
+from ksadk.a2a.routes import A2AConfig, add_a2a_protocol_routes
+from ksadk.a2a.task_adapter import A2ARuntimeTaskAdapter
+from ksadk.a2a.task_event_dispatcher import A2ATaskEventDispatcher
+from ksadk.a2a.task_event_outbox import A2ATaskEventOutbox
+from ksadk.a2a.task_store import A2AOwnerContextBuilder
+from ksadk.runtime.adapter import RuntimeAdapter
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class RuntimeA2AMetadata:
+    account_id: str
+    tenant_id: str
+    agent_id: str
+    a2a_agent_id: str
+    runtime_id: str
+    internal_base_url: str
+    name: str
+    version: str
+    skills: Sequence[AgentSkill]
+    description: str = ""
+
+    def validate(self) -> None:
+        values = {
+            "account_id": self.account_id,
+            "agent_id": self.agent_id,
+            "a2a_agent_id": self.a2a_agent_id,
+            "runtime_id": self.runtime_id,
+            "internal_base_url": self.internal_base_url,
+            "name": self.name,
+            "version": self.version,
+        }
+        missing = [name for name, value in values.items() if not str(value).strip()]
+        if missing:
+            raise ValueError(f"RuntimeA2AMetadata is missing required fields: {', '.join(missing)}")
+        if not self.agent_id.startswith("ar-"):
+            raise ValueError("RuntimeA2AMetadata.agent_id must be an ar-* Agent ID")
+        require_a2a_resource_id(
+            self.a2a_agent_id,
+            "a2a-agent-",
+            field_name="RuntimeA2AMetadata.a2a_agent_id",
+        )
+        for field_name, limit in (
+            ("account_id", 64),
+            ("tenant_id", 64),
+            ("agent_id", 64),
+            ("a2a_agent_id", 64),
+            ("runtime_id", 64),
+            ("name", 128),
+            ("description", 1024),
+            ("version", 64),
+        ):
+            if len(str(getattr(self, field_name))) > limit:
+                raise ValueError(f"RuntimeA2AMetadata.{field_name} exceeds {limit} characters")
+        if len(self.skills) > 100 or not all(
+            isinstance(skill, AgentSkill) for skill in self.skills
+        ):
+            raise ValueError(
+                "RuntimeA2AMetadata.skills must contain at most 100 AgentSkill objects"
+            )
+        parsed = urlsplit(self.internal_base_url)
+        try:
+            port = parsed.port
+        except ValueError as exc:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "RuntimeA2AMetadata.internal_base_url must be an absolute HTTP(S) origin"
+            ) from exc
+        if (
+            parsed.scheme not in {"http", "https"}
+            or not parsed.hostname
+            or parsed.username is not None
+            or parsed.password is not None
+            or parsed.path
+            or parsed.query
+            or parsed.fragment
+            or parsed.netloc.rsplit("@", 1)[-1].endswith(":")
+            or port is not None and not 1 <= port <= 65535
+        ):
+            raise ValueError(
+                "RuntimeA2AMetadata.internal_base_url must be an absolute HTTP(S) origin"
+            )
+
+
+class A2ACheckpointStore(Protocol):
+    """Durable checkpoint backend readiness contract owned by the Runtime adapter."""
+
+    async def initialize(self) -> None: ...
+
+
+class AgentEngineA2ABootstrap:
+    """Single product-owned composition root for managed A2A Runtime dependencies."""
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        *,
+        runtime_metadata: RuntimeA2AMetadata,
+        task_store: TaskStore | None = None,
+        context_store: A2AContextStore | None = None,
+        checkpoint_store: A2ACheckpointStore | None = None,
+        resume_state_store: A2AResumeStateStore | None = None,
+        gateway_identity_verifier: GatewayIdentityVerifier | None = None,
+        gateway_probe_verifier: GatewayProbeVerifier | None = None,
+        external_transport: RuntimeLocalA2AExternalTransport | None = None,
+        control_plane: Any | None = None,
+        hosted_http_client: httpx.AsyncClient | None = None,
+        event_outbox: A2ATaskEventOutbox | None = None,
+        inbound_enabled: bool = True,
+        outbound_enabled: bool = True,
+        public_egress_enabled: bool = False,
+        outbox_retry_interval_seconds: float = 1.0,
+    ) -> None:
+        runtime_metadata.validate()
+        required: dict[str, Any] = {}
+        if outbound_enabled:
+            required.update(
+                {
+                    "control_plane": control_plane,
+                    "hosted_http_client": hosted_http_client,
+                    "event_outbox": event_outbox,
+                }
+            )
+        if inbound_enabled:
+            required.update(
+                {
+                    "task_store": task_store,
+                    "context_store": context_store,
+                    "checkpoint_store": checkpoint_store,
+                    "resume_state_store": resume_state_store,
+                    "gateway_identity_verifier": gateway_identity_verifier,
+                    "gateway_probe_verifier": gateway_probe_verifier,
+                }
+            )
+        missing = [name for name, value in required.items() if value is None]
+        if missing:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "AgentEngineA2ABootstrap requires: " + ", ".join(missing)
+            )
+        if external_transport is not None and not isinstance(
+            external_transport, RuntimeLocalA2AExternalTransport
+        ):
+            raise TypeError(
+                "AgentEngineA2ABootstrap requires RuntimeLocalA2AExternalTransport "
+                "for external_public routes"
+            )
+        if not outbound_enabled and external_transport is not None:
+            raise ValueError("external_transport requires outbound_enabled=True")
+        if inbound_enabled:
+            _require_initializable(task_store, "task_store")
+            _require_initializable(context_store, "context_store")
+            _require_initializable(checkpoint_store, "checkpoint_store")
+            _require_initializable(resume_state_store, "resume_state_store")
+        self.runtime_metadata = runtime_metadata
+        self._target_binding = A2AIngressTargetBinding(
+            account_id=runtime_metadata.account_id,
+            tenant_id=runtime_metadata.tenant_id,
+            agent_id=runtime_metadata.agent_id,
+            runtime_id=runtime_metadata.runtime_id,
+            a2a_agent_id=runtime_metadata.a2a_agent_id,
+        )
+        self.inbound_enabled = inbound_enabled
+        self.outbound_enabled = outbound_enabled
+        self.public_egress_enabled = public_egress_enabled
+        self._task_store = task_store
+        self._context_store = context_store
+        self._checkpoint_store = checkpoint_store
+        self._resume_state_store = resume_state_store
+        self._gateway_identity_verifier = gateway_identity_verifier
+        self._gateway_probe_verifier = gateway_probe_verifier
+        self._external_transport = external_transport
+        self._control_plane = control_plane
+        self._hosted_http_client = hosted_http_client
+        self._dispatcher = (
+            A2ATaskEventDispatcher(
+                _require(event_outbox, "event_outbox"),
+                _require(control_plane, "control_plane"),
+                retry_interval_seconds=outbox_retry_interval_seconds,
+            )
+            if outbound_enabled
+            else None
+        )
+        self._mounted = False
+        self._server: Any = None
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_platform(cls, **kwargs: Any) -> "AgentEngineA2ABootstrap":
+        """Explicit product factory; dependencies are injected by the platform layer."""
+
+        return cls(**kwargs)
+
+    @property
+    def event_dispatcher(self) -> A2ATaskEventDispatcher:
+        if self._dispatcher is None:
+            raise RuntimeError("A2A outbound client is disabled for this Runtime")
+        return self._dispatcher
+
+    @property
+    def server(self) -> Any:
+        return self._server
+
+    def client_for_space(self, space_id: str):
+        """Create a Space-scoped client sharing Runtime identity, clients, and outbox."""
+
+        from ksadk.a2a.space_client import A2ASpaceClient
+
+        if not self.outbound_enabled:
+            raise RuntimeError("A2A outbound client is disabled for this Runtime")
+        return A2ASpaceClient(
+            space_id,
+            _require(self._control_plane, "control_plane"),
+            egress_enabled=self.public_egress_enabled,
+            httpx_client=_require(self._hosted_http_client, "hosted_http_client"),
+            external_transport=self._external_transport,
+            event_dispatcher=self.event_dispatcher,
+        )
+
+    def mount(
+        self,
+        app: FastAPI,
+        *,
+        runner: Any,
+        runtime_adapter: RuntimeAdapter,
+        runtime_type: str,
+    ) -> Any | None:
+        """Mount exactly one managed inbound A2A server into an app."""
+
+        if self._mounted:
+            raise RuntimeError("AgentEngineA2ABootstrap may only be mounted once")
+        self._mounted = True
+        app.state.a2a_bootstrap = self
+        if not self.inbound_enabled:
+            return None
+        app.add_middleware(
+            A2AGatewayIdentityMiddleware,
+            verifier=_require(self._gateway_identity_verifier, "gateway_identity_verifier"),
+            probe_verifier=_require(self._gateway_probe_verifier, "gateway_probe_verifier"),
+            target_binding=self._target_binding,
+        )
+        config = A2AConfig(
+            enabled=True,
+            base_url=self.runtime_metadata.internal_base_url,
+            agent_name=self.runtime_metadata.name,
+            description=self.runtime_metadata.description,
+            version=self.runtime_metadata.version,
+            skills=self.runtime_metadata.skills,
+            create_table=False,
+        )
+        task_adapter = A2ARuntimeTaskAdapter(
+            runtime_adapter,
+            runtime_type=runtime_type,
+            context_store=_require(self._context_store, "context_store"),
+            resume_state_store=_require(self._resume_state_store, "resume_state_store"),
+        )
+        self._server = add_a2a_protocol_routes(
+            app,
+            runner,
+            config,
+            task_adapter=task_adapter,
+            task_store=_require(self._task_store, "task_store"),
+            context_builder=A2AOwnerContextBuilder(
+                identity_resolver=A2ATrustedIdentityResolver(
+                    target_binding=self._target_binding,
+                ),
+                allow_unverified_identity=False,
+            ),
+        )
+        return self._server
+
+    async def start(self) -> None:
+        if self.inbound_enabled:
+            await _initialize_required(_require(self._task_store, "task_store"), "task_store")
+            await _initialize_required(
+                _require(self._context_store, "context_store"), "context_store"
+            )
+            await _initialize_required(
+                _require(self._checkpoint_store, "checkpoint_store"), "checkpoint_store"
+            )
+            await _initialize_required(
+                _require(self._resume_state_store, "resume_state_store"),
+                "resume_state_store",
+            )
+        if self._dispatcher is not None:
+            await self._dispatcher.start()
+
+    async def stop(self, *, flush_timeout_seconds: float = 5.0) -> None:
+        if self._dispatcher is not None:
+            await self._dispatcher.stop(flush_timeout_seconds=flush_timeout_seconds)
+
+
+def _require_initializable(value: Any, name: str) -> None:
+    initialize = getattr(value, "initialize", None)
+    if not callable(initialize):
+        raise TypeError(f"{name} must implement async initialize()")
+
+
+async def _initialize_required(value: Any, name: str) -> None:
+    _require_initializable(value, name)
+    initialize = value.initialize
+    result = initialize()
+    if not inspect.isawaitable(result):
+        raise TypeError(f"{name}.initialize() must return an awaitable")
+    await result
+
+
+def _require(value: Any, name: str) -> Any:
+    if value is None:
+        raise RuntimeError(f"AgentEngineA2ABootstrap is missing {name}")
+    return value
+
+
+__all__ = ["A2ACheckpointStore", "AgentEngineA2ABootstrap", "RuntimeA2AMetadata"]

ksadk/a2a/card.py

@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+"""A2A AgentCard 构造 (goal-05,wire 1.0)。
+
+契约(`a2a-center-productization-2026-07.md` §2.1):
+- AgentCard 使用 ``supportedInterfaces[]``,每项 ``url`` / ``protocolBinding`` /
+  ``protocolVersion: "1.0"``;**不用顶层 ``url``,不提供 0.3 fallback,不挂
+  ``/.well-known/agent.json`` 旧路径**。
+- 我方托管 Agent 7 月优先暴露 ``JSONRPC``,同时挂 SDK 已提供的 ``HTTP+JSON`` 路由。
+- a2a-sdk 1.1.0 的 wire 对象是 protobuf(``a2a_pb2``),非 pydantic。
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from collections.abc import Sequence
+
+from a2a.types import (
+    AgentCapabilities,
+    AgentCard,
+    AgentInterface,
+    AgentSkill,
+)
+
+#: wire 协议版本(契约 §2.1 固定 1.0)。
+A2A_PROTOCOL_VERSION = "1.0"
+#: 托管 Agent 的 A2A 路由路径(契约 §3.3:/a2a/jsonrpc 与 /a2a/v1/*)。
+JSONRPC_PATH = "/a2a/jsonrpc"
+REST_PATH_PREFIX = "/a2a/v1"
+
+_DEFAULT_IO_MODES = ["text/plain"]
+
+
+def build_agent_card(
+    *,
+    name: str,
+    base_url: str,
+    description: str = "",
+    version: str = "1.0.0",
+    skills: Sequence[str | AgentSkill] | None = None,
+    streaming: bool = True,
+    provider: dict[str, str] | None = None,
+) -> AgentCard:
+    """构造符合 wire 1.0 的 AgentCard(supportedInterfaces)。
+
+    参数:
+        name: Agent 名称。
+        base_url: 该 Agent 对外宣告的基础地址(各 interface url 由此拼出)。
+        description: 描述。
+        version: 业务版本。
+        skills: 标准 ``AgentSkill`` 列表，或本地配置使用的技能 id 列表(空则给 general)。
+        streaming: 是否声明 streaming 能力。
+        provider: 可选 provider 信息(如 {"organization": ..., "url": ...})。
+    """
+    base = base_url.rstrip("/")
+    supported_interfaces = [
+        AgentInterface(
+            url=f"{base}{JSONRPC_PATH}",
+            protocol_binding="JSONRPC",
+            protocol_version=A2A_PROTOCOL_VERSION,
+        ),
+        AgentInterface(
+            url=f"{base}{REST_PATH_PREFIX}",
+            protocol_binding="HTTP+JSON",
+            protocol_version=A2A_PROTOCOL_VERSION,
+        ),
+    ]
+
+    card_kwargs: dict = {
+        "name": name,
+        "description": description or f"{name} agent powered by ksadk",
+        "version": version,
+        "supported_interfaces": supported_interfaces,
+        "capabilities": AgentCapabilities(streaming=streaming, push_notifications=False),
+        "default_input_modes": list(_DEFAULT_IO_MODES),
+        "default_output_modes": list(_DEFAULT_IO_MODES),
+        "skills": _build_skills(skills),
+    }
+    if provider:
+        from a2a.types import AgentProvider
+
+        card_kwargs["provider"] = AgentProvider(
+            organization=provider.get("organization", ""),
+            url=provider.get("url", ""),
+        )
+    return AgentCard(**card_kwargs)
+
+
+def _build_skills(skills: Sequence[str | AgentSkill] | None) -> list[AgentSkill]:
+    if not skills:
+        return [
+            AgentSkill(
+                id="general",
+                name="General",
+                description="General purpose agent powered by ksadk",
+                tags=["general"],
+            )
+        ]
+    result: list[AgentSkill] = []
+    for skill in skills:
+        if isinstance(skill, AgentSkill):
+            result.append(skill)
+            continue
+        if not isinstance(skill, str) or not skill.strip():
+            raise TypeError("AgentCard skills must be non-empty strings or AgentSkill objects")
+        skill_id = skill.strip()
+        result.append(
+            AgentSkill(
+                id=skill_id,
+                name=skill_id.replace("_", " ").title(),
+                description=f"Skill: {skill_id}",
+                tags=[skill_id],
+            )
+        )
+    return result
+
+
+__all__ = [
+    "A2A_PROTOCOL_VERSION",
+    "JSONRPC_PATH",
+    "REST_PATH_PREFIX",
+    "build_agent_card",
+]