PyPyNum 1.9.1__py3-none-any.whl → 1.9.2__py3-none-any.whl

{PyPyNum-1.9.1.dist-info → PyPyNum-1.9.2.dist-info}/METADATA

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 Metadata-Version: 2.1
 Name: PyPyNum
-Version: 1.9.1
+Version: 1.9.2
 Summary: A multifunctional mathematical calculation package written in pure Python programming language [Python>=3.4]
 Home-page: https://github.com/PythonSJL/PyPyNum
 Author: Shen Jiayi
@@ -692,7 +692,7 @@ Description-Content-Type: text/markdown
 [![Downloads](https://static.pepy.tech/badge/pypynum/month)](https://pepy.tech/project/pypynum)
 [![Downloads](https://static.pepy.tech/badge/pypynum/week)](https://pepy.tech/project/pypynum)
 
-## Version -> 1.9.1 | PyPI -> https://pypi.org/project/PyPyNum/ | Gitee -> https://www.gitee.com/PythonSJL/PyPyNum | GitHub -> https://github.com/PythonSJL/PyPyNum
+## Version -> 1.9.2 | PyPI -> https://pypi.org/project/PyPyNum/ | Gitee -> https://www.gitee.com/PythonSJL/PyPyNum | GitHub -> https://github.com/PythonSJL/PyPyNum
 
 ![LOGO](PyPyNum.png)
 
@@ -748,6 +748,7 @@ The logo cannot be displayed on PyPI, it can be viewed in Gitee or GitHub.
 | `pypynum.tools`       | 辅助函数 Auxiliary functions                   |
 | `pypynum.Tree`        | 树形数据结构 Tree data structure                 |
 | `pypynum.types`       | 特殊类型 Special types                         |
+| `pypynum.ufuncs`      | 通用函数 Universal functions                   |
 | `pypynum.utils`       | 实用工具 Utility                               |
 | `pypynum.Vector`      | 向量运算 Vector operation                      |
 
@@ -789,11 +790,74 @@ Python interpreter and run it!
 ```
 !=!=!=!=!=!=!=!=!=!=!=!=!=!=!=!=
 
-修复了一些功能问题
+新增代码行数大约三百行
 
-Fixed some functional issues
+Approximately 300 new lines of
+code added
 
 !=!=!=!=!=!=!=!=!=!=!=!=!=!=!=!=
+
+修改过的函数
+
+Modified functions
+
+├── Array
+fill(shape: Any, sequence: Any, repeat: Any, pad: Any, rtype: Any) -> Any
+zeros(shape: Any, rtype: Any) -> Any
+zeros_like(a: Any, rtype: Any) -> Any
+
+!=!=!=!=!=!=!=!=!=!=!=!=!=!=!=!=
+
+新增加的函数
+
+Newly added functions
+
+class Polynomial(builtins.object)
+    <以下为新增加的方法>
+    <The following are the newly added methods>
+    __divmod__ = __truediv__(self, other)
+    __float__(self)
+    __int__(self)
+    __round__(self, n=None)
+    coeffs(self, reverse=False)
+    degs(self, reverse=False)
+    deriv(self)
+    evaluate(self, x)
+    gcd(self, other)
+    integ(self, constant=0)
+    is_zero(self)
+    latex(self)
+    lcm(self, other)
+    roots(self)
+    sqrt(self)
+
+PyPyNum
+├── Array
+│   └── FUNCTION
+│       ├── full(shape: Any, fill_value: Any, rtype: Any) -> Any
+│       ├── full_like(a: Any, fill_value: Any, rtype: Any) -> Any
+│       ├── ones(shape: Any, rtype: Any) -> Any
+│       ├── ones_like(a: Any, rtype: Any) -> Any
+├── maths
+│   └── FUNCTION
+│       ├── sumprod(arrays: typing.Union[list, tuple]) -> typing.Union[int, float, complex]
+├── polynomial
+│   └── FUNCTION
+│       ├── from_coeffs(coeffs: Any) -> Any
+│       ├── leggauss(polynomial: Any) -> Any
+│       ├── legpoly(n: Any) -> Any
+├── ufuncs
+│   ├── CLASS
+│   └── FUNCTION
+│       ├── add(x: Any, y: Any) -> Any
+│       ├── base_ufunc(arrays: Any, func: Any, args: Any, rtype: Any) -> Any
+│       ├── divide(x: Any, y: Any) -> Any
+│       ├── floor_divide(x: Any, y: Any) -> Any
+│       ├── modulo(x: Any, y: Any) -> Any
+│       ├── multiply(x: Any, y: Any) -> Any
+│       ├── power(x: Any, y: Any, m: Any) -> Any
+│       ├── subtract(x: Any, y: Any) -> Any
+│       └── ufunc_helper(x: Any, y: Any, func: Any) -> Any
 ```
 
 ### 运行用时测试
@@ -823,12 +887,15 @@ PyPyNum
 │   │   └── Array(object)/__init__(self: Any, data: Any, check: Any) -> Any
 │   └── FUNCTION
 │       ├── array(data: Any) -> Any
-│       ├── fill(shape: Any, sequence: Any, repeat: Any, pad: Any) -> Any
-│       ├── function(_array: Any, _function: Any, args: Any) -> Any
+│       ├── fill(shape: Any, sequence: Any, repeat: Any, pad: Any, rtype: Any) -> Any
+│       ├── full(shape: Any, fill_value: Any, rtype: Any) -> Any
+│       ├── full_like(a: Any, fill_value: Any, rtype: Any) -> Any
 │       ├── get_shape(data: Any) -> Any
 │       ├── is_valid_array(_array: Any, _shape: Any) -> Any
-│       ├── zeros(shape: Any) -> Any
-│       └── zeros_like(_nested_list: Any) -> Any
+│       ├── ones(shape: Any, rtype: Any) -> Any
+│       ├── ones_like(a: Any, rtype: Any) -> Any
+│       ├── zeros(shape: Any, rtype: Any) -> Any
+│       └── zeros_like(a: Any, rtype: Any) -> Any
 ├── FourierT
 │   ├── CLASS
 │   │   └── FT1D(object)/__init__(self: Any, data: Any) -> Any
@@ -1046,12 +1113,13 @@ PyPyNum
 │       ├── sech(x: typing.Union[int, float]) -> typing.Union[int, float]
 │       ├── sigma(i: int, n: int, f: Any) -> typing.Union[int, float, complex]
 │       ├── sigmoid(x: typing.Union[int, float]) -> float
-│       ├── sign(x: typing.Union[int, float]) -> int
+│       ├── sign(x: typing.Union[int, float, complex]) -> typing.Union[int, float, complex]
 │       ├── sin(x: typing.Union[int, float]) -> typing.Union[int, float]
 │       ├── sinh(x: typing.Union[int, float]) -> typing.Union[int, float]
 │       ├── skew(data: typing.Union[list, tuple]) -> float
 │       ├── square_mean(numbers: typing.Union[list, tuple]) -> typing.Union[int, float, complex]
 │       ├── std(numbers: typing.Union[list, tuple], dof: int) -> typing.Union[int, float, complex]
+│       ├── sumprod(arrays: typing.Union[list, tuple]) -> typing.Union[int, float, complex]
 │       ├── tan(x: typing.Union[int, float]) -> typing.Union[int, float]
 │       ├── tanh(x: typing.Union[int, float]) -> typing.Union[int, float]
 │       ├── totient(n: int) -> int
@@ -1062,6 +1130,7 @@ PyPyNum
 │   └── FUNCTION
 │       ├── float2fraction(number: float, mixed: bool, error: float) -> tuple
 │       ├── int2roman(integer: int, overline: bool) -> str
+│       ├── int2words(integer: int) -> str
 │       ├── roman2int(roman_num: str) -> int
 │       └── str2int(string: str) -> int
 ├── plotting
@@ -1077,6 +1146,9 @@ PyPyNum
 │   ├── CLASS
 │   │   └── Polynomial(object)/__init__(self: Any, terms: Any) -> Any
 │   └── FUNCTION
+│       ├── from_coeffs(coeffs: Any) -> Any
+│       ├── leggauss(polynomial: Any) -> Any
+│       ├── legpoly(n: Any) -> Any
 │       └── poly(terms: Any) -> Any
 ├── probability
 │   ├── CLASS
@@ -1138,12 +1210,14 @@ PyPyNum
 │   ├── CLASS
 │   └── FUNCTION
 │       ├── add(x: Any, y: Any) -> Any
+│       ├── base_ufunc(arrays: Any, func: Any, args: Any, rtype: Any) -> Any
 │       ├── divide(x: Any, y: Any) -> Any
 │       ├── floor_divide(x: Any, y: Any) -> Any
 │       ├── modulo(x: Any, y: Any) -> Any
 │       ├── multiply(x: Any, y: Any) -> Any
 │       ├── power(x: Any, y: Any, m: Any) -> Any
-│       └── subtract(x: Any, y: Any) -> Any
+│       ├── subtract(x: Any, y: Any) -> Any
+│       └── ufunc_helper(x: Any, y: Any, func: Any) -> Any
 └── utils
     ├── CLASS
     │   ├── InfIterator(object)/__init__(self: Any, start: typing.Union[int, float, complex], mode: str, common: typing.Union[int, float, complex]) -> Any
@@ -1364,9 +1438,7 @@ print(equations.polynomial_equation(p))
 print(equations.linear_equation(*m))
 
 """
-[[(-1.5615528128088307-6.5209667308287455e-24j)                                             0                                             0]
- [                                            0   (2.5615528128088294+4.456233626665941e-24j)                                             0]
- [                                            0                                             0   (1.0000000000000007+3.241554513744382e-25j)]]
+[(-1.5615528128088307-6.5209667308287455e-24j)   (1.0000000000000007+3.241554513744382e-25j)   (2.5615528128088294+4.456233626665941e-24j)]
 [ 1.6666666666666667 -0.6666666666666666 -0.4444444444444444]
 """
 
@@ -1467,10 +1539,10 @@ print(random.randint(0, 9, [2, 3, 4]))
 print(random.uniform(0, 9, [2, 3, 4]))
 
 """
-[[[0.4604088962341266, -1.7729143777833498, -1.027113249139529, -1.367335972424437], [1.5152952392963814, 0.1143532276512219, -2.2478367353916626, 0.770010737736378], [-0.4126751204277065, -2.5483288418244814, -0.8493985529797649, -0.5563319772201964]], [[1.9010219123281087, 0.44289739103266357, -0.7148439667426828, -0.742966218100922], [0.21210379525283574, 1.5466635593995341, -0.4536304781981763, 0.5978046752778463], [-0.802299453332161, -1.0295309618075863, 0.5960990076298143, -0.7956578324150254]]]
-[[[0.6378288221898551, 0.5667742466043126, 0.4656215108828976, 0.15042085420645113], [0.17290475960349394, 0.7286971110875379, 0.645886619551428, 0.6328537921605502], [0.5626377160935252, 0.41015810474249603, 0.9951566294215863, 0.21679108443018347]], [[0.7747392018966252, 0.5885873225687281, 0.4305122635955937, 0.1102178686782671], [0.6823600514076231, 0.919946966200235, 0.9010988477920265, 0.9324975541841414], [0.026520946245817467, 0.7483826867189314, 0.25799134110551736, 0.7231613737350734]]]
-[[[5, 5, 4, 2], [2, 0, 9, 6], [9, 2, 0, 0]], [[0, 3, 9, 2], [2, 5, 5, 3], [9, 2, 5, 1]]]
-[[[4.661185893580614, 6.263504213542613, 1.5982048879385133, 4.592524740685044], [5.915777961319595, 0.7073727896327806, 2.6233256174392263, 4.980453415047565], [2.257336580759053, 8.299789041235444, 5.839322602213961, 3.1890466264933925]], [[8.498155134210208, 4.722625882838601, 4.4036516933236705, 4.313235000904077], [3.7418534910533126, 2.7783464437089305, 8.884554145257127, 3.860087039759355], [4.430653527343895, 0.9625175276439548, 6.813933725727357, 7.910773669181097]]]
+[[[2.0337109813389342, 0.07828151434838644, 0.5770175491332994, -0.45862437785903776], [-0.5647580909376742, 0.04013315334953438, -1.4415329001085142, 0.21063309355876483], [-0.13079032580688052, -0.12269092226721959, -1.0486596849517071, 0.33707912556088127]], [[1.0924880424965842, -0.2904666571377903, -0.8147193339820543, -0.12425697574808597], [-0.9431495143889028, 1.6993259508582454, 2.459143670684122, 0.6706774051649211], [-0.2067467760214054, -1.335666880934244, -0.06604610266464511, 1.4659516633001894]]]
+[[[0.5056293647418786, 0.41138133426895374, 0.1116780669974381, 0.5421022799938007], [0.8529591223803364, 0.7967626494191837, 0.6778986058446654, 0.7966034784840031], [0.8226174224158366, 0.6882274477983558, 0.2043768498847348, 0.20649565416723548]], [[0.7858708880353261, 0.293208591223893, 0.9713037501099235, 0.1277647867709274], [0.5310738736523741, 0.3775394394569467, 0.6618665928287699, 0.7813821035754579], [0.41759114496811056, 0.8741519554894022, 0.8325056303107449, 0.8127323540413558]]]
+[[[5, 9, 7, 5], [9, 9, 9, 8], [6, 2, 0, 3]], [[4, 7, 5, 8], [5, 7, 2, 4], [9, 9, 2, 2]]]
+[[[7.666875196011509, 4.2629925536138815, 6.269304350870346, 6.1616482850575816], [8.736107228623906, 4.050564635824004, 8.719616126170123, 8.241460211008127], [2.2965292897567497, 2.3960057526618233, 2.406429664045121, 7.644380154396355]], [[3.8027437908649793, 5.075197041264121, 3.778237396690295, 0.9427794634466875], [1.9182768078467933, 6.926954119152528, 2.5353235396092666, 3.0648655668955422], [8.538065261473607, 7.652025295242501, 4.086320910353441, 7.457914057699455]]]
 """
 
 print(regression.linear_regression(list(range(5)), [2, 4, 6, 7, 8]))
@@ -1480,7 +1552,7 @@ print(regression.polynomial_regression(list(range(5)), [2, 4, 6, 7, 8], 4))
 """
 [1.5, 2.4000000000000004]
 [-0.21428571428571563, 2.3571428571428625, 1.971428571428569]
-[0.08333333334800574, -0.6666666668092494, 1.4166666678382942, 1.1666666648311956, 2.0000000002900613]
+[0.0833333333480164, -0.6666666668091551, 1.416666667838451, 1.1666666648311779, 2.0000000002900586]
 """
 
 print(tools.classify([1, 2.3, 4 + 5j, "string", list, True, 3.14, False, tuple, tools]))
@@ -1489,7 +1561,7 @@ print(tools.frange(0, 3, 0.4))
 print(tools.linspace(0, 2.8, 8))
 
 """
-{<class 'int'>: [1], <class 'float'>: [2.3, 3.14], <class 'complex'>: [(4+5j)], <class 'str'>: ['string'], <class 'type'>: [<class 'list'>, <class 'tuple'>], <class 'bool'>: [True, False], <class 'module'>: [<module 'pypynum.tools' from 'F:\\PyPyproject\\PyPyproject1\\pypynum\\tools.py'>]}
+{<class 'int'>: [1], <class 'float'>: [2.3, 3.14], <class 'complex'>: [(4+5j)], <class 'str'>: ['string'], <class 'type'>: [<class 'list'>, <class 'tuple'>], <class 'bool'>: [True, False], <class 'module'>: [<module 'pypynum.tools' from 'C:\\Users\\Administrator\\PycharmProjects\\pythonProject\\pypynum\\tools.py'>]}
 ['Python', 6, 'NumPy', <class 'int'>, 'PyPyNum', 9, 'pypynum', True]
 [0.0, 0.4, 0.8, 1.2000000000000002, 1.6, 2.0, 2.4000000000000004, 2.8000000000000003]
 [0.0, 0.39999999999999997, 0.7999999999999999, 1.2, 1.5999999999999999, 1.9999999999999998, 2.4, 2.8]

{PyPyNum-1.9.1.dist-info → PyPyNum-1.9.2.dist-info}/RECORD

@@ -1,29 +1,29 @@
-pypynum/Array.py,sha256=tAEBV3z9vv_4hx-ZRZYnIAxLxSjKQBEnE6lbQk5usQ0,8337
+pypynum/Array.py,sha256=izB5QfStvpRmYLdlqYl-N3GO0P6m4Ub6E23deKj2-HE,8604
 pypynum/FourierT.py,sha256=AtG0tESykzEs4gDsXhcizW7qhQnmw0gjcWcXefBqzhs,1401
 pypynum/Geometry.py,sha256=bJCuif-wHO-t7oHFEE7ntzIdQwzUEbT3mcKgmBV6Wps,13982
 pypynum/Graph.py,sha256=m9iTCNYRCZmAexDzwJ8Y6J7v1aweT-6TZkqh4fOtZDE,10131
 pypynum/Group.py,sha256=m39OZNRoG9b3p_7sS1u50A0rJl0aYqYPVvnttkYQ_gw,2944
 pypynum/Logic.py,sha256=IJAv59ECHU0HmG9lYCAQ_puqeL6Zor3-IDIVH48KBWE,11000
-pypynum/Matrix.py,sha256=vjkz-m90aWDIv2vzXBriyb4vwaZv8tsPYZzPUeUh-Vk,18050
+pypynum/Matrix.py,sha256=b2op-7V-6OQJLeHqFFRbZ2766ZdueZ485t04UeGQrLc,18248
 pypynum/NeuralN.py,sha256=iSOvC9JW1h4AFGokGGOTkKie5hAYN_YT9H4f3apI9b8,3275
 pypynum/PyPyNum.png,sha256=t96tJPWfHxT8kcXm_qZI2z5W36TgOqjCU9qdgbmlFws,11623
 pypynum/Quaternion.py,sha256=-BW_crP_i-veHN0_pD3Z1dipFNUX198oZDrUYTsoZw0,8017
-pypynum/README.md,sha256=LJFWkXJosgL3H4PKZNKWu8WktkgbKA1dU883uqZTtPU,54040
+pypynum/README.md,sha256=4ZmUnLvcZM3JzhKH_cV3_ry6LGavjY8Pbymo8GV0kDM,56625
 pypynum/Symbolics.py,sha256=u-Dig3OLs6qoLzxMpTAYJGq5uSWDMvgU13TAHKLyjMY,2768
-pypynum/Tensor.py,sha256=SJzGRNwHZzOgEabt47scccb-plA25-6s01SFyHd6lJo,3801
-pypynum/Tree.py,sha256=MUT9LErZ3ER_cbiga-nOaZC7Hln8jEV8tRca2dRPWmY,2827
+pypynum/Tensor.py,sha256=gi7OjrGgP5BSJS9Oma1B2EdX9qSpMNIP2BnKLojdT78,3930
+pypynum/Tree.py,sha256=BYnlb2kKNJ8kkuq8BAHIcLvPZw5KHxbvM7YuVGhQVMk,4330
 pypynum/Vector.py,sha256=0GSLDmUE0ZWB4JELB4rL6xHhf767wJlSIIdLt2ZpO9M,3526
-pypynum/__init__.py,sha256=3F2NrSIWNcdGxBwXITOmEGRFHyXZQHOn7jCQRaQaULM,1917
+pypynum/__init__.py,sha256=dfbbZv0z8rF8t-zfg9aA6QaSSUFZa3N6eE49o-N2LkA,1964
 pypynum/chars.py,sha256=VcK9w0i73FMCzc-9aIibjdHqyMsofJXdoBq0d8L7Vr0,1001
 pypynum/cipher.py,sha256=DaitY3DCoTuzyrXtD8Ap3IYDLhlMc7-o4AJfLlicvB4,10011
 pypynum/constants.py,sha256=xELv4DIKEqBdwF9tUqCmTQVbgVrlrj385ht5eawvshU,1406
-pypynum/equations.py,sha256=Bn1_VjwMnnvzT0mHYI0eAARRqIHuc3IpOfYvzojTPx0,713
+pypynum/equations.py,sha256=jwdW2eKBEkL5sMJQINtTycushz6ng3gKrL3aEDECSf4,770
 pypynum/errors.py,sha256=I3nh5YD5F_sBoa7hjPJi81goRflbVAZcjtmW7O2BhJk,220
 pypynum/file.py,sha256=rqrPdcX0NOEPM8s40-ymgPKsTn0HKABW-VEh1OtPnsk,3188
-pypynum/maths.py,sha256=0XVK9pZD4kSWeBFPm_YKO2K-hqnEYfCusiENbJJ91bk,27301
-pypynum/numbers.py,sha256=WOxwwAN3yHakN4eHcVNn35qsfDcgw3UPSblv4woWyDE,6028
+pypynum/maths.py,sha256=3DA3TV8gON4A2Cp_Tt6wwbFPWQLJIniUxOKnt1OfROg,27602
+pypynum/numbers.py,sha256=S49O4z_uO2FKLdOpAhDtKSVRbG8_xB8ihVDoPYiVlcE,7880
 pypynum/plotting.py,sha256=mbIYK5TpY1qvuMJrqz4d8bxJEiZww3AI684vSKV-DgU,7781
-pypynum/polynomial.py,sha256=psFukA31Ed4U7hZHcCGWCpYMi8tanTsZl-pUdklikfg,5998
+pypynum/polynomial.py,sha256=B4HN_H3V_Ffcg3RQOY_c3SBZvAYhSkCe_u5PCmPSMHk,9362
 pypynum/probability.py,sha256=aUHaS7NMIJJWI8vZktgvn1zQKLtjdBiY5d-qwbJ6fGM,3778
 pypynum/random.py,sha256=vfTtyH5yOSKJoSI_-NT_Tg8wC-ZXT0wt34f87oaSpJY,4610
 pypynum/regression.py,sha256=HNGifq9rhS7JWFO12nvbP978IZaOOAmgibJURpqYV_0,2070
@@ -32,9 +32,9 @@ pypynum/test.py,sha256=ph9oBFjwT1DNUAqdEivJfhIaysDsgWxwLFi8Ekx733U,9119
 pypynum/this.py,sha256=oRX1OpMa4NJmQSdEjJxfszEo5FRYlxRiF8OTDRIcdMA,2154
 pypynum/tools.py,sha256=jv-R0fXJ0ptszAyaFwwakyCMFL835p8T20ihvzL4vbc,12665
 pypynum/types.py,sha256=CVWPZo_ACr_QGH5gAOhoG3jK35peiqipu3PH8ScEYHE,181
-pypynum/ufuncs.py,sha256=EMEPCOVr3JGuaPt6zcNSv0-4HVkXPtV7E5Pp2QFyHhM,305
+pypynum/ufuncs.py,sha256=g2tewdsGa4VrIq2khR-0SWJoXBitVRN87DulOnTxxDA,2572
 pypynum/utils.py,sha256=oeHpAMFItWXfKjb0UQITPwMVKZBd3H5JT3R-jBgn2_w,14466
-PyPyNum-1.9.1.dist-info/METADATA,sha256=escL3_jEWNc63qto-eS0ao399BX-X56vWIbIsEaho4w,95484
-PyPyNum-1.9.1.dist-info/WHEEL,sha256=2wepM1nk4DS4eFpYrW1TTqPcoGNfHhhO_i5m4cOimbo,92
-PyPyNum-1.9.1.dist-info/top_level.txt,sha256=4wW_Xb4bRglmiMsdPAe9f75MkXhNpuN88H17g_Cr5u8,8
-PyPyNum-1.9.1.dist-info/RECORD,,
+PyPyNum-1.9.2.dist-info/METADATA,sha256=228Hjzw5LqRYU5RmkjteaDMn4MoJ-4RA-sSHeYP-syo,98069
+PyPyNum-1.9.2.dist-info/WHEEL,sha256=GJ7t_kWBFywbagK5eo9IoUwLW6oyOeTKmQ-9iHFVNxQ,92
+PyPyNum-1.9.2.dist-info/top_level.txt,sha256=4wW_Xb4bRglmiMsdPAe9f75MkXhNpuN88H17g_Cr5u8,8
+PyPyNum-1.9.2.dist-info/RECORD,,

{PyPyNum-1.9.1.dist-info → PyPyNum-1.9.2.dist-info}/WHEEL

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 Wheel-Version: 1.0
-Generator: bdist_wheel (0.38.4)
+Generator: bdist_wheel (0.43.0)
 Root-Is-Purelib: true
 Tag: py3-none-any
 

pypynum/Array.py

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 from .errors import ShapeError
-from .ufuncs import *
 
 ArrayError = ShapeError("The shape of the array is invalid")
 MatchError = ShapeError("The shapes of the two arrays do not match")
@@ -7,8 +6,7 @@ MatchError = ShapeError("The shapes of the two arrays do not match")
 
 class Array:
     """
-    It is the base class of vectors, matrices, and Arrays,
-    which does not support operations but has many statistical functions.
+    It is the base class of vectors, matrices, and tensors, supporting operations and many statistical functions.
     :param data: An array in the form of a list
     :param check: Check the rationality of the input array
     """
@@ -22,7 +20,7 @@ class Array:
         self.data = data
 
     def __repr__(self):
-        return self.__class__.__name__ + "({})".format(self.data)
+        return "{}({})".format(self.__class__.__name__, self.data)
 
     def __str__(self):
         if not self.data:
@@ -59,8 +57,9 @@ class Array:
         return self.data[item]
 
     def __round__(self, n=None):
-        return function(self, lambda number, digits: round(number.real, digits) + round(
-            number.imag, digits) * 1j if isinstance(number, complex) else round(number, digits), [n])
+        from .ufuncs import base_ufunc
+        return base_ufunc(self, func=lambda number, digits: round(number.real, digits) + round(
+            number.imag, digits) * 1j if isinstance(number, complex) else round(number, digits), args=[n])
 
     def __hash__(self):
         return hash(repr(self.data))
@@ -69,9 +68,10 @@ class Array:
         if isinstance(other, Array):
             if self.shape != other.shape:
                 raise MatchError
-            return Array(fill(self.shape, [t1 / t2 for t1, t2 in zip(self.flatten(), other.flatten())]), False)
+            return type(self)(fill(self.shape, [t1 / t2 for t1, t2 in zip(self.flatten(), other.flatten())]))
         elif isinstance(other, (int, float, complex)):
-            return function(self, divide, [other])
+            from .ufuncs import divide
+            return divide(self, other)
         else:
             raise ValueError("Another must be an array or number")
 
@@ -79,9 +79,10 @@ class Array:
         if isinstance(other, Array):
             if self.shape != other.shape:
                 raise MatchError
-            return Array(fill(self.shape, [t1 // t2 for t1, t2 in zip(self.flatten(), other.flatten())]), False)
+            return type(self)(fill(self.shape, [t1 // t2 for t1, t2 in zip(self.flatten(), other.flatten())]))
         elif isinstance(other, (int, float, complex)):
-            return function(self, floor_divide, [other])
+            from .ufuncs import floor_divide
+            return floor_divide(self, other)
         else:
             raise ValueError("Another must be an array or number")
 
@@ -89,15 +90,18 @@ class Array:
         if isinstance(other, Array):
             if self.shape != other.shape:
                 raise MatchError
-            return Array(fill(self.shape, [t1 % t2 for t1, t2 in zip(self.flatten(), other.flatten())]), False)
+            return type(self)(fill(self.shape, [t1 % t2 for t1, t2 in zip(self.flatten(), other.flatten())]))
         elif isinstance(other, (int, float, complex)):
-            return function(self, modulo, [other])
+            from .ufuncs import modulo
+            return modulo(self, other)
         else:
             raise ValueError("Another must be an array or number")
 
     def __pow__(self, _exp, _mod=None):
-        if isinstance(_exp, (int, float, complex)) and isinstance(_mod, (int, float, complex, type(None))):
-            return function(self, power, [_exp, _mod])
+        if isinstance(_exp, (int, float, complex, Array)) and isinstance(_mod,
+                                                                         (int, float, complex, Array, type(None))):
+            from .ufuncs import power
+            return power(self, _exp, _mod)
         else:
             raise ValueError()
 
@@ -107,8 +111,8 @@ class Array:
             data = sum(data, [])
         return data
 
-    def reshape(self, shape):
-        return type(self)(fill(shape, self.flatten()))
+    def reshape(self, shape, repeat=True, pad=0):
+        return type(self)(fill(shape, self.flatten(), repeat, pad))
 
     def copy(self):
         from copy import deepcopy
@@ -178,7 +182,7 @@ def get_shape(data):
     while isinstance(_sub, list):
         _shape.append(len(_sub))
         _sub = _sub[0]
-    return _shape
+    return tuple(_shape)
 
 
 def is_valid_array(_array, _shape):
@@ -198,28 +202,45 @@ def array(data=None):
     return Array(data)
 
 
-def zeros(shape):
-    if len(shape) == 0:
-        return 0
-    else:
-        _array = []
-        for i in range(shape[0]):
-            _row = zeros(shape[1:])
-            _array.append(_row)
-        return _array
-
-
-def zeros_like(_nested_list):
-    if isinstance(_nested_list, list):
-        _copy = []
-        for item in _nested_list:
-            _copy.append(zeros_like(item))
-        return _copy
-    else:
-        return 0
+def full(shape, fill_value, rtype=Array):
+    def inner(data):
+        return fill_value if len(data) == 0 else [(inner(data[1:])) for _ in range(data[0])]
+
+    if isinstance(fill_value, list):
+        raise TypeError("The filled value cannot be a list")
+    result = inner(shape)
+    return result if rtype is list else rtype(result)
+
+
+def full_like(a, fill_value, rtype=Array):
+    def inner(data):
+        return [inner(item) for item in data] if isinstance(data, list) else fill_value
+
+    if isinstance(fill_value, list):
+        raise TypeError("The filled value cannot be a list")
+    if isinstance(a, Array):
+        a = a.data
+    result = inner(a)
+    return result if rtype is list else rtype(result)
+
+
+def zeros(shape, rtype=Array):
+    return full(shape, 0, rtype)
+
+
+def zeros_like(a, rtype=Array):
+    return full_like(a, 0, rtype)
 
 
-def fill(shape, sequence=None, repeat=True, pad=0):
+def ones(shape, rtype=Array):
+    return full(shape, 1, rtype)
+
+
+def ones_like(a, rtype=Array):
+    return full_like(a, 1, rtype)
+
+
+def fill(shape, sequence=None, repeat=True, pad=0, rtype=Array):
     pointer = -1
     length = 1
     for item in shape:
@@ -243,22 +264,5 @@ def fill(shape, sequence=None, repeat=True, pad=0):
                 _array.append(_row)
             return _array
 
-    return inner(shape)
-
-
-def function(_array, _function, args=None):
-    _type = str(type(_function))
-    if not isinstance(_array, Array) or not (_type.startswith("<function ") or _type.startswith("<class ")):
-        raise TypeError("The input parameter type is incorrect")
-    data = _array.data
-
-    def inner(_array):
-        if isinstance(_array, list):
-            _copy = []
-            for item in _array:
-                _copy.append(inner(item))
-            return _copy
-        else:
-            return _function(_array) if args is None else _function(_array, *args)
-
-    return type(_array)(inner(data), False)
+    result = inner(shape)
+    return result if rtype is list else rtype(result)

pypynum/Matrix.py

@@ -92,6 +92,11 @@ class Matrix(Array):
                     matrix[k][j] -= matrix[i][j] * matrix[k][i]
         return determinant
 
+    def slogdet(self):
+        from math import log
+        det_value = self.det()
+        return (0.0, float("-inf")) if det_value == 0 else (det_value / abs(det_value), log(abs(det_value)))
+
     def inv(self):
         if self.rows != self.cols:
             raise SquareError

pypynum/README.md

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 [![Downloads](https://static.pepy.tech/badge/pypynum/month)](https://pepy.tech/project/pypynum)
 [![Downloads](https://static.pepy.tech/badge/pypynum/week)](https://pepy.tech/project/pypynum)
 
-## Version -> 1.9.1 | PyPI -> https://pypi.org/project/PyPyNum/ | Gitee -> https://www.gitee.com/PythonSJL/PyPyNum | GitHub -> https://github.com/PythonSJL/PyPyNum
+## Version -> 1.9.2 | PyPI -> https://pypi.org/project/PyPyNum/ | Gitee -> https://www.gitee.com/PythonSJL/PyPyNum | GitHub -> https://github.com/PythonSJL/PyPyNum
 
 ![LOGO](PyPyNum.png)
 
@@ -74,6 +74,7 @@ The logo cannot be displayed on PyPI, it can be viewed in Gitee or GitHub.
 | `pypynum.tools`       | 辅助函数 Auxiliary functions                   |
 | `pypynum.Tree`        | 树形数据结构 Tree data structure                 |
 | `pypynum.types`       | 特殊类型 Special types                         |
+| `pypynum.ufuncs`      | 通用函数 Universal functions                   |
 | `pypynum.utils`       | 实用工具 Utility                               |
 | `pypynum.Vector`      | 向量运算 Vector operation                      |
 
@@ -115,11 +116,74 @@ Python interpreter and run it!
 ```
 !=!=!=!=!=!=!=!=!=!=!=!=!=!=!=!=
 
-修复了一些功能问题
+新增代码行数大约三百行
 
-Fixed some functional issues
+Approximately 300 new lines of
+code added
 
 !=!=!=!=!=!=!=!=!=!=!=!=!=!=!=!=
+
+修改过的函数
+
+Modified functions
+
+├── Array
+fill(shape: Any, sequence: Any, repeat: Any, pad: Any, rtype: Any) -> Any
+zeros(shape: Any, rtype: Any) -> Any
+zeros_like(a: Any, rtype: Any) -> Any
+
+!=!=!=!=!=!=!=!=!=!=!=!=!=!=!=!=
+
+新增加的函数
+
+Newly added functions
+
+class Polynomial(builtins.object)
+    <以下为新增加的方法>
+    <The following are the newly added methods>
+    __divmod__ = __truediv__(self, other)
+    __float__(self)
+    __int__(self)
+    __round__(self, n=None)
+    coeffs(self, reverse=False)
+    degs(self, reverse=False)
+    deriv(self)
+    evaluate(self, x)
+    gcd(self, other)
+    integ(self, constant=0)
+    is_zero(self)
+    latex(self)
+    lcm(self, other)
+    roots(self)
+    sqrt(self)
+
+PyPyNum
+├── Array
+│   └── FUNCTION
+│       ├── full(shape: Any, fill_value: Any, rtype: Any) -> Any
+│       ├── full_like(a: Any, fill_value: Any, rtype: Any) -> Any
+│       ├── ones(shape: Any, rtype: Any) -> Any
+│       ├── ones_like(a: Any, rtype: Any) -> Any
+├── maths
+│   └── FUNCTION
+│       ├── sumprod(arrays: typing.Union[list, tuple]) -> typing.Union[int, float, complex]
+├── polynomial
+│   └── FUNCTION
+│       ├── from_coeffs(coeffs: Any) -> Any
+│       ├── leggauss(polynomial: Any) -> Any
+│       ├── legpoly(n: Any) -> Any
+├── ufuncs
+│   ├── CLASS
+│   └── FUNCTION
+│       ├── add(x: Any, y: Any) -> Any
+│       ├── base_ufunc(arrays: Any, func: Any, args: Any, rtype: Any) -> Any
+│       ├── divide(x: Any, y: Any) -> Any
+│       ├── floor_divide(x: Any, y: Any) -> Any
+│       ├── modulo(x: Any, y: Any) -> Any
+│       ├── multiply(x: Any, y: Any) -> Any
+│       ├── power(x: Any, y: Any, m: Any) -> Any
+│       ├── subtract(x: Any, y: Any) -> Any
+│       └── ufunc_helper(x: Any, y: Any, func: Any) -> Any
 ```
 
 ### 运行用时测试
@@ -149,12 +213,15 @@ PyPyNum
 │   │   └── Array(object)/__init__(self: Any, data: Any, check: Any) -> Any
 │   └── FUNCTION
 │       ├── array(data: Any) -> Any
-│       ├── fill(shape: Any, sequence: Any, repeat: Any, pad: Any) -> Any
-│       ├── function(_array: Any, _function: Any, args: Any) -> Any
+│       ├── fill(shape: Any, sequence: Any, repeat: Any, pad: Any, rtype: Any) -> Any
+│       ├── full(shape: Any, fill_value: Any, rtype: Any) -> Any
+│       ├── full_like(a: Any, fill_value: Any, rtype: Any) -> Any
 │       ├── get_shape(data: Any) -> Any
 │       ├── is_valid_array(_array: Any, _shape: Any) -> Any
-│       ├── zeros(shape: Any) -> Any
-│       └── zeros_like(_nested_list: Any) -> Any
+│       ├── ones(shape: Any, rtype: Any) -> Any
+│       ├── ones_like(a: Any, rtype: Any) -> Any
+│       ├── zeros(shape: Any, rtype: Any) -> Any
+│       └── zeros_like(a: Any, rtype: Any) -> Any
 ├── FourierT
 │   ├── CLASS
 │   │   └── FT1D(object)/__init__(self: Any, data: Any) -> Any
@@ -372,12 +439,13 @@ PyPyNum
 │       ├── sech(x: typing.Union[int, float]) -> typing.Union[int, float]
 │       ├── sigma(i: int, n: int, f: Any) -> typing.Union[int, float, complex]
 │       ├── sigmoid(x: typing.Union[int, float]) -> float
-│       ├── sign(x: typing.Union[int, float]) -> int
+│       ├── sign(x: typing.Union[int, float, complex]) -> typing.Union[int, float, complex]
 │       ├── sin(x: typing.Union[int, float]) -> typing.Union[int, float]
 │       ├── sinh(x: typing.Union[int, float]) -> typing.Union[int, float]
 │       ├── skew(data: typing.Union[list, tuple]) -> float
 │       ├── square_mean(numbers: typing.Union[list, tuple]) -> typing.Union[int, float, complex]
 │       ├── std(numbers: typing.Union[list, tuple], dof: int) -> typing.Union[int, float, complex]
+│       ├── sumprod(arrays: typing.Union[list, tuple]) -> typing.Union[int, float, complex]
 │       ├── tan(x: typing.Union[int, float]) -> typing.Union[int, float]
 │       ├── tanh(x: typing.Union[int, float]) -> typing.Union[int, float]
 │       ├── totient(n: int) -> int
@@ -388,6 +456,7 @@ PyPyNum
 │   └── FUNCTION
 │       ├── float2fraction(number: float, mixed: bool, error: float) -> tuple
 │       ├── int2roman(integer: int, overline: bool) -> str
+│       ├── int2words(integer: int) -> str
 │       ├── roman2int(roman_num: str) -> int
 │       └── str2int(string: str) -> int
 ├── plotting
@@ -403,6 +472,9 @@ PyPyNum
 │   ├── CLASS
 │   │   └── Polynomial(object)/__init__(self: Any, terms: Any) -> Any
 │   └── FUNCTION
+│       ├── from_coeffs(coeffs: Any) -> Any
+│       ├── leggauss(polynomial: Any) -> Any
+│       ├── legpoly(n: Any) -> Any
 │       └── poly(terms: Any) -> Any
 ├── probability
 │   ├── CLASS
@@ -464,12 +536,14 @@ PyPyNum
 │   ├── CLASS
 │   └── FUNCTION
 │       ├── add(x: Any, y: Any) -> Any
+│       ├── base_ufunc(arrays: Any, func: Any, args: Any, rtype: Any) -> Any
 │       ├── divide(x: Any, y: Any) -> Any
 │       ├── floor_divide(x: Any, y: Any) -> Any
 │       ├── modulo(x: Any, y: Any) -> Any
 │       ├── multiply(x: Any, y: Any) -> Any
 │       ├── power(x: Any, y: Any, m: Any) -> Any
-│       └── subtract(x: Any, y: Any) -> Any
+│       ├── subtract(x: Any, y: Any) -> Any
+│       └── ufunc_helper(x: Any, y: Any, func: Any) -> Any
 └── utils
     ├── CLASS
     │   ├── InfIterator(object)/__init__(self: Any, start: typing.Union[int, float, complex], mode: str, common: typing.Union[int, float, complex]) -> Any
@@ -690,9 +764,7 @@ print(equations.polynomial_equation(p))
 print(equations.linear_equation(*m))
 
 """
-[[(-1.5615528128088307-6.5209667308287455e-24j)                                             0                                             0]
- [                                            0   (2.5615528128088294+4.456233626665941e-24j)                                             0]
- [                                            0                                             0   (1.0000000000000007+3.241554513744382e-25j)]]
+[(-1.5615528128088307-6.5209667308287455e-24j)   (1.0000000000000007+3.241554513744382e-25j)   (2.5615528128088294+4.456233626665941e-24j)]
 [ 1.6666666666666667 -0.6666666666666666 -0.4444444444444444]
 """
 
@@ -793,10 +865,10 @@ print(random.randint(0, 9, [2, 3, 4]))
 print(random.uniform(0, 9, [2, 3, 4]))
 
 """
-[[[0.4604088962341266, -1.7729143777833498, -1.027113249139529, -1.367335972424437], [1.5152952392963814, 0.1143532276512219, -2.2478367353916626, 0.770010737736378], [-0.4126751204277065, -2.5483288418244814, -0.8493985529797649, -0.5563319772201964]], [[1.9010219123281087, 0.44289739103266357, -0.7148439667426828, -0.742966218100922], [0.21210379525283574, 1.5466635593995341, -0.4536304781981763, 0.5978046752778463], [-0.802299453332161, -1.0295309618075863, 0.5960990076298143, -0.7956578324150254]]]
-[[[0.6378288221898551, 0.5667742466043126, 0.4656215108828976, 0.15042085420645113], [0.17290475960349394, 0.7286971110875379, 0.645886619551428, 0.6328537921605502], [0.5626377160935252, 0.41015810474249603, 0.9951566294215863, 0.21679108443018347]], [[0.7747392018966252, 0.5885873225687281, 0.4305122635955937, 0.1102178686782671], [0.6823600514076231, 0.919946966200235, 0.9010988477920265, 0.9324975541841414], [0.026520946245817467, 0.7483826867189314, 0.25799134110551736, 0.7231613737350734]]]
-[[[5, 5, 4, 2], [2, 0, 9, 6], [9, 2, 0, 0]], [[0, 3, 9, 2], [2, 5, 5, 3], [9, 2, 5, 1]]]
-[[[4.661185893580614, 6.263504213542613, 1.5982048879385133, 4.592524740685044], [5.915777961319595, 0.7073727896327806, 2.6233256174392263, 4.980453415047565], [2.257336580759053, 8.299789041235444, 5.839322602213961, 3.1890466264933925]], [[8.498155134210208, 4.722625882838601, 4.4036516933236705, 4.313235000904077], [3.7418534910533126, 2.7783464437089305, 8.884554145257127, 3.860087039759355], [4.430653527343895, 0.9625175276439548, 6.813933725727357, 7.910773669181097]]]
+[[[2.0337109813389342, 0.07828151434838644, 0.5770175491332994, -0.45862437785903776], [-0.5647580909376742, 0.04013315334953438, -1.4415329001085142, 0.21063309355876483], [-0.13079032580688052, -0.12269092226721959, -1.0486596849517071, 0.33707912556088127]], [[1.0924880424965842, -0.2904666571377903, -0.8147193339820543, -0.12425697574808597], [-0.9431495143889028, 1.6993259508582454, 2.459143670684122, 0.6706774051649211], [-0.2067467760214054, -1.335666880934244, -0.06604610266464511, 1.4659516633001894]]]
+[[[0.5056293647418786, 0.41138133426895374, 0.1116780669974381, 0.5421022799938007], [0.8529591223803364, 0.7967626494191837, 0.6778986058446654, 0.7966034784840031], [0.8226174224158366, 0.6882274477983558, 0.2043768498847348, 0.20649565416723548]], [[0.7858708880353261, 0.293208591223893, 0.9713037501099235, 0.1277647867709274], [0.5310738736523741, 0.3775394394569467, 0.6618665928287699, 0.7813821035754579], [0.41759114496811056, 0.8741519554894022, 0.8325056303107449, 0.8127323540413558]]]
+[[[5, 9, 7, 5], [9, 9, 9, 8], [6, 2, 0, 3]], [[4, 7, 5, 8], [5, 7, 2, 4], [9, 9, 2, 2]]]
+[[[7.666875196011509, 4.2629925536138815, 6.269304350870346, 6.1616482850575816], [8.736107228623906, 4.050564635824004, 8.719616126170123, 8.241460211008127], [2.2965292897567497, 2.3960057526618233, 2.406429664045121, 7.644380154396355]], [[3.8027437908649793, 5.075197041264121, 3.778237396690295, 0.9427794634466875], [1.9182768078467933, 6.926954119152528, 2.5353235396092666, 3.0648655668955422], [8.538065261473607, 7.652025295242501, 4.086320910353441, 7.457914057699455]]]
 """
 
 print(regression.linear_regression(list(range(5)), [2, 4, 6, 7, 8]))
@@ -806,7 +878,7 @@ print(regression.polynomial_regression(list(range(5)), [2, 4, 6, 7, 8], 4))
 """
 [1.5, 2.4000000000000004]
 [-0.21428571428571563, 2.3571428571428625, 1.971428571428569]
-[0.08333333334800574, -0.6666666668092494, 1.4166666678382942, 1.1666666648311956, 2.0000000002900613]
+[0.0833333333480164, -0.6666666668091551, 1.416666667838451, 1.1666666648311779, 2.0000000002900586]
 """
 
 print(tools.classify([1, 2.3, 4 + 5j, "string", list, True, 3.14, False, tuple, tools]))
@@ -815,7 +887,7 @@ print(tools.frange(0, 3, 0.4))
 print(tools.linspace(0, 2.8, 8))
 
 """
-{<class 'int'>: [1], <class 'float'>: [2.3, 3.14], <class 'complex'>: [(4+5j)], <class 'str'>: ['string'], <class 'type'>: [<class 'list'>, <class 'tuple'>], <class 'bool'>: [True, False], <class 'module'>: [<module 'pypynum.tools' from 'F:\\PyPyproject\\PyPyproject1\\pypynum\\tools.py'>]}
+{<class 'int'>: [1], <class 'float'>: [2.3, 3.14], <class 'complex'>: [(4+5j)], <class 'str'>: ['string'], <class 'type'>: [<class 'list'>, <class 'tuple'>], <class 'bool'>: [True, False], <class 'module'>: [<module 'pypynum.tools' from 'C:\\Users\\Administrator\\PycharmProjects\\pythonProject\\pypynum\\tools.py'>]}
 ['Python', 6, 'NumPy', <class 'int'>, 'PyPyNum', 9, 'pypynum', True]
 [0.0, 0.4, 0.8, 1.2000000000000002, 1.6, 2.0, 2.4000000000000004, 2.8000000000000003]
 [0.0, 0.39999999999999997, 0.7999999999999999, 1.2, 1.5999999999999999, 1.9999999999999998, 2.4, 2.8]

pypynum/Tensor.py

@@ -18,7 +18,8 @@ class Tensor(Array):
         if isinstance(other, Tensor):
             if self.shape != other.shape:
                 raise MatchError
-            return Tensor(fill(self.shape, [t1 + t2 for t1, t2 in zip(self.flatten(), other.flatten())]), False)
+            return Tensor(fill(self.shape, [t1 + t2 for t1, t2 in zip(self.flatten(), other.flatten())], rtype=list),
+                          False)
         elif isinstance(other, (int, float, complex)):
             return Tensor(tensor_and_number(self, "+", other), False)
         else:
@@ -28,7 +29,8 @@ class Tensor(Array):
         if isinstance(other, Tensor):
             if self.shape != other.shape:
                 raise MatchError
-            return Tensor(fill(self.shape, [t1 - t2 for t1, t2 in zip(self.flatten(), other.flatten())]), False)
+            return Tensor(fill(self.shape, [t1 - t2 for t1, t2 in zip(self.flatten(), other.flatten())], rtype=list),
+                          False)
         elif isinstance(other, (int, float, complex)):
             return Tensor(tensor_and_number(self, "-", other), False)
         else:
@@ -38,7 +40,8 @@ class Tensor(Array):
         if isinstance(other, Tensor):
             if self.shape != other.shape:
                 raise MatchError
-            return Tensor(fill(self.shape, [t1 * t2 for t1, t2 in zip(self.flatten(), other.flatten())]), False)
+            return Tensor(fill(self.shape, [t1 * t2 for t1, t2 in zip(self.flatten(), other.flatten())], rtype=list),
+                          False)
         elif isinstance(other, (int, float, complex)):
             return Tensor(tensor_and_number(self, "*", other), False)
         else:
@@ -94,7 +97,7 @@ def tensorproduct(*tensors: Tensor) -> Tensor:
         return tensors[0].copy()
 
     def mul(a, b):
-        return Tensor(fill(a.shape + b.shape, [i * j for i in a.flatten() for j in b.flatten()]), False)
+        return Tensor(fill(a.shape + b.shape, [i * j for i in a.flatten() for j in b.flatten()], rtype=list), False)
 
     first = tensors[0]
     for second in tensors[1:]:

pypynum/Tree.py

@@ -26,26 +26,56 @@ class MultiTreeNode:
 
     def traverse(self, traversal_type="preorder"):
         if traversal_type == "preorder":
-            print(self.data)
+            result = [self.data]
             for child in self.children:
-                child.traverse(traversal_type)
+                result.extend(child.traverse(traversal_type))
+            return result
         elif traversal_type == "postorder":
+            result = []
             for child in self.children:
-                child.traverse(traversal_type)
-            print(self.data)
+                result.extend(child.traverse(traversal_type))
+            result.append(self.data)
+            return result
+        elif traversal_type == "levelorder":
+            result = []
+            queue = [self]
+            while queue:
+                current_node = queue.pop(0)
+                result.append(current_node.data)
+                queue.extend(current_node.children)
+            return result
         else:
             raise ValueError("Invalid traversal type")
 
+    def to_list(self):
+        node_list = [self.data]
+        if self.children:
+            node_list.extend([child.to_list() for child in self.children])
+        return node_list
+
+    def print_tree(self, node=None, level=0, prefix="", use_repr=True):
+        if node is None:
+            node = self
+            if node is None:
+                print("The tree is empty")
+                return
+            prefix = "Root\n└── "
+        print("    " * level + prefix + (repr if use_repr else str)(node.data))
+        children_prefix = "│   " if node.children else ""  # TODO 前缀暂未正确处理
+        for i, child in enumerate(node.children):
+            child_prefix = "├── " if i < len(node.children) - 1 else "└── "
+            child.print_tree(child, level + 1, child_prefix, use_repr)
+
     def __str__(self):
         return str(self.data)
 
 
 class MultiTree:
     def __init__(self, root=None):
-        self.root = root if root is None else MultiTreeNode(root)
+        self.root = root if root is None or isinstance(root, MultiTreeNode) else MultiTreeNode(root)
 
     def add_node(self, data, parent=None):
-        new_node = MultiTreeNode(data)
+        new_node = data if isinstance(data, MultiTreeNode) else MultiTreeNode(data)
         if parent is None:
             if self.root is None:
                 self.root = new_node
@@ -85,6 +115,12 @@ class MultiTree:
 
     def traverse(self, traversal_type="preorder"):
         if self.root:
-            self.root.traverse(traversal_type)
+            return self.root.traverse(traversal_type)
         else:
             raise ValueError("Tree is empty")
+
+    def to_list(self):
+        return self.root.to_list()
+
+    def print_tree(self, use_repr=True):
+        self.root.print_tree(use_repr=use_repr)

pypynum/__init__.py

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ r"""
     \|__| |\___/ /         \|__| |\___/ /         \|__| \|__| \|_______| \|__|     \|__|
           \|___|/                \|___|/
 """
-from .Array import array, fill, function, zeros, zeros_like
+from .Array import array, fill, full, full_like, zeros, zeros_like, ones, ones_like
 from . import chars
 from .cipher import *
 from . import constants
@@ -36,10 +36,11 @@ from .Tensor import ten, tensorproduct
 from .tools import *
 from .Tree import *
 from . import types
+from .ufuncs import *
 from .utils import OrderedSet, InfIterator, LinkedList
 from .Vector import vec
 
-__version__ = "1.9.1"
+__version__ = "1.9.2"
 print("PyPyNum", "Version -> " + __version__, "PyPI -> https://pypi.org/project/PyPyNum/",
       "Gitee -> https://www.gitee.com/PythonSJL/PyPyNum", "GitHub -> https://github.com/PythonSJL/PyPyNum", sep=" | ")
 del math, arr, ite, num, real, geom, ContentError, RandomError, LogicError, InputError, FullError, Union

pypynum/equations.py

@@ -12,5 +12,5 @@ def polynomial_equation(coefficients: list) -> list:
     from .Array import array
     from .Matrix import eigen, mat
     p = [_ / coefficients[0] for _ in coefficients[1:]]
-    return array(eigen(mat([[-p[i] if j == 0 else 1 if i + 1 == j else 0
-                           for j in range(len(p))] for i in range(len(p))]))[0].data)
+    return array(sorted(eigen(mat([[-p[i] if j == 0 else 1 if i + 1 == j else 0 for j in range(len(p))]
+                                   for i in range(len(p))]))[0].diag().t()[0], key=lambda c: (c.real, c.imag)))

pypynum/maths.py

@@ -9,6 +9,23 @@ __mod = {0, 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81, 100, 121, 144, 145, 160, 169,
          436, 441, 481, 484, 496, 505, 529, 544, 576, 580, 585, 601, 625, 640, 649, 676}
 
 
+def sumprod(*arrays: arr) -> num:
+    """
+    introduction
+    ==========
+    The sum of the products of the corresponding elements in multiple arrays
+
+    example
+    ==========
+    >>> sumprod([1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9])
+    270
+    >>>
+    :param arrays: list | tuple
+    :return:
+    """
+    return math.fsum(map(product, zip(*arrays)))
+
+
 def root(x: num, y: num) -> num:
     """
     introduction
@@ -989,7 +1006,7 @@ def sigmoid(x: real) -> float:
     return 1 / (1 + math.exp(-x))
 
 
-def sign(x: real) -> int:
+def sign(x: num) -> num:
     """
     introduction
     ==========
@@ -998,17 +1015,12 @@ def sign(x: real) -> int:
     example
     ==========
     >>> sign(10)
-    1
+    1.0
     >>>
-    :param x: integer | float
+    :param x: integer | float | complex
     :return:
     """
-    if x > 0:
-        return 1
-    elif x < 0:
-        return -1
-    else:
-        return 0
+    return x / abs(x)
 
 
 def parity(x: int) -> int:

pypynum/numbers.py

@@ -1,6 +1,55 @@
 ContentError = ValueError("The content of the string is invalid")
-roman_values = [1000, 900, 500, 400, 100, 90, 50, 40, 10, 9, 5, 4, 1]
-roman_symbols = ["M", "CM", "D", "CD", "C", "XC", "L", "XL", "X", "IX", "V", "IV", "I"]
+ROMAN_VALUES = [1000, 900, 500, 400, 100, 90, 50, 40, 10, 9, 5, 4, 1]
+ROMAN_SYMBOLS = ["M", "CM", "D", "CD", "C", "XC", "L", "XL", "X", "IX", "V", "IV", "I"]
+
+
+def int2words(integer: int) -> str:
+    """
+    introduction
+    ==========
+    Convert integers into natural language.
+
+    example
+    ==========
+    >>> int2words(4294967296)
+    'four billion two hundred and ninety-four million nine hundred and sixty-seven thousand two hundred and ninety-six'
+    >>>
+    :param integer: integer
+    :return:
+    """
+    if not isinstance(integer, int):
+        raise TypeError("The input must be an integer")
+    if integer == 0:
+        return "zero"
+    if integer < 0:
+        return "negative " + int2words(abs(integer))
+    ones = ["", "one", "two", "three", "four", "five", "six", "seven", "eight", "nine", "ten",
+            "eleven", "twelve", "thirteen", "fourteen", "fifteen", "sixteen", "seventeen", "eighteen", "nineteen"]
+    tens = ["", "", "twenty", "thirty", "forty", "fifty", "sixty", "seventy", "eighty", "ninety"]
+
+    def two_digit(num):
+        if num < 20:
+            return ones[num] if num > 0 else ""
+        ten, one = divmod(num, 10)
+        return tens[ten] + ("-" if one else "") + ones[one]
+
+    def three_digit(num):
+        if num == 0:
+            return ""
+        hundred, rem = divmod(num, 100)
+        return ones[hundred] + " hundred " + ("and " if rem else "") + two_digit(rem)
+
+    big_units = [(1000000000000000000, "quintillion"), (1000000000000000, "quadrillion"), (1000000000000, "trillion"),
+                 (1000000000, "billion"), (1000000, "million"), (1000, "thousand")]
+    result = []
+    for unit, name in big_units:
+        if integer >= unit:
+            value, integer = divmod(integer, unit)
+            result.append(int2words(value) + " " + name)
+    if integer > 0:
+        words = two_digit(integer) if integer < 100 else three_digit(integer)
+        result.append(words)
+    return " ".join(result)
 
 
 def str2int(string: str) -> int:
@@ -84,9 +133,9 @@ def int2roman(integer: int, overline: bool = True) -> str:
         roman = ""
         i = 0
         while number > 0:
-            tmp = number // roman_values[i]
-            roman += roman_symbols[i] * tmp
-            number -= roman_values[i] * tmp
+            tmp = number // ROMAN_VALUES[i]
+            roman += ROMAN_SYMBOLS[i] * tmp
+            number -= ROMAN_VALUES[i] * tmp
             i += 1
         return roman
 
@@ -126,16 +175,16 @@ def roman2int(roman_num: str) -> int:
         last = 10000
         i = 0
         while i < len(number):
-            if number[i:i + 2] in roman_symbols:
-                value = roman_values[roman_symbols.index(number[i:i + 2])]
+            if number[i:i + 2] in ROMAN_SYMBOLS:
+                value = ROMAN_VALUES[ROMAN_SYMBOLS.index(number[i:i + 2])]
                 if value > last:
                     raise ContentError
                 else:
                     last = value
                 part += value
                 i += 2
-            elif number[i] in roman_symbols:
-                value = roman_values[roman_symbols.index(number[i])]
+            elif number[i] in ROMAN_SYMBOLS:
+                value = ROMAN_VALUES[ROMAN_SYMBOLS.index(number[i])]
                 if value > last:
                     raise ContentError
                 else:

pypynum/polynomial.py

@@ -33,6 +33,57 @@ class Polynomial:
         else:
             self.terms.insert(insert_index, (degree, coefficient))
 
+    def is_zero(self):
+        return not self.terms
+
+    def gcd(self, other):
+        temp = self
+        while not other.is_zero():
+            temp, other = other, temp % other
+        return temp
+
+    def lcm(self, other):
+        gcd_poly = self.gcd(other)
+        if gcd_poly.is_zero():
+            raise ValueError("Cannot compute LCM of polynomials with zero GCD")
+        return self * other // gcd_poly
+
+    def roots(self):
+        from .equations import polynomial_equation
+        return polynomial_equation(self.coeffs(True))
+
+    def evaluate(self, x):
+        return sum([coefficient * x ** degree for degree, coefficient in self.terms])
+
+    def degs(self, reverse=False):
+        terms = reversed(self.terms) if reverse else self.terms
+        return [deg for deg, _ in terms]
+
+    def coeffs(self, reverse=False):
+        max_deg = self.degree()
+        coeffs = [0] * (max_deg + 1)
+        for deg, coeff in self.terms:
+            coeffs[deg] = coeff
+        if reverse:
+            coeffs.reverse()
+        return coeffs
+
+    def sqrt(self):
+        deg, coeff = self.terms[-1]
+        new = deg // 2, coeff ** 0.5
+        root = Polynomial([new])
+        temp = Polynomial([new])
+        rem = self - root * root
+        for _ in range(deg):
+            temp.add_term(*temp.terms[0])
+            try:
+                root.add_term(*(rem // temp).terms[-1])
+            except IndexError:
+                break
+            temp.add_term(*root.terms[0])
+            rem = rem - temp * Polynomial([temp.terms[0]])
+        return root, rem
+
     def remove0terms(self):
         self.terms = [(deg, coeff) for deg, coeff in self.terms if coeff != 0]
 
@@ -46,7 +97,20 @@ class Polynomial:
             return self.terms[-1][1]
         return 0
 
-    def __repr__(self):
+    def deriv(self):
+        derivative_terms = [(deg - 1, deg * coeff) for deg, coeff in self.terms if deg > 0]
+        return Polynomial(derivative_terms)
+
+    def integ(self, constant=0):
+        integrated_terms = [(deg + 1, coeff / (deg + 1)) for deg, coeff in self.terms]
+        if constant != 0:
+            integrated_terms.append((0, constant))
+        return Polynomial(integrated_terms)
+
+    def latex(self):
+        return self.__repr__(True)
+
+    def __repr__(self, use_latex=False):
         if not self.terms:
             return "0"
         result = ""
@@ -61,7 +125,10 @@ class Polynomial:
                 result += str(abs(coefficient))
             if degree > 0:
                 if degree > 1:
-                    result += "x^" + str(degree)
+                    if use_latex:
+                        result += "x^{" + str(degree) + "}"
+                    else:
+                        result += "x^" + str(degree)
                 else:
                     result += "x"
         if result and result[0] == "+":
@@ -72,8 +139,7 @@ class Polynomial:
         return Polynomial([(degree, coefficient) for degree, coefficient in self.terms])
 
     def __neg__(self):
-        negated_terms = [(degree, -coefficient) for degree, coefficient in self.terms]
-        return Polynomial(negated_terms)
+        return Polynomial([(degree, -coefficient) for degree, coefficient in self.terms])
 
     def __add__(self, other):
         result = Polynomial()
@@ -143,6 +209,19 @@ class Polynomial:
     def __mod__(self, other):
         return (self / other)[1]
 
+    __divmod__ = __truediv__
+
+    def __int__(self):
+        self.terms = [(degree, int(coefficient)) for degree, coefficient in self.terms]
+        return 0
+
+    def __float__(self):
+        self.terms = [(degree, float(coefficient)) for degree, coefficient in self.terms]
+        return 0.0
+
+    def __round__(self, n=None):
+        return Polynomial([(degree, round(coefficient, n)) for degree, coefficient in self.terms])
+
     def __pow__(self, power, modulo=None):
         if power == 0:
             return Polynomial([(0, 1)])
@@ -156,3 +235,28 @@ class Polynomial:
 
 def poly(terms=None):
     return Polynomial(terms)
+
+
+def from_coeffs(coeffs):
+    return Polynomial([(degree, coefficient) for degree, coefficient in enumerate(coeffs) if coefficient != 0])
+
+
+def legpoly(n):
+    x = poly([(1, 1)])
+    p = [poly([(0, 1)]), x]
+    for i in range(1, n):
+        m = poly([(0, (2 * i + 1) / (i + 1))]) * x * p[i] - poly([(0, i / (i + 1))]) * p[i - 1]
+        p.append(m)
+    return p[n]
+
+
+def leggauss(polynomial):
+    roots = polynomial.roots()
+    weights = []
+    for node in roots:
+        factor1 = 1 - node ** 2
+        derivative_poly = polynomial.deriv()
+        derivative_value = derivative_poly.evaluate(node)
+        weight = 2 / (factor1 * derivative_value ** 2)
+        weights.append(weight)
+    return roots, weights

pypynum/ufuncs.py

@@ -1,26 +1,102 @@
+from .Array import Array as __Array
+
+
+def base_ufunc(*arrays, func, args=(), rtype=None):
+    _type = str(type(func))
+    if not all([isinstance(item, __Array) for item in arrays]) or not (
+            _type.startswith("<function ") or _type.startswith("<class ")):
+        raise TypeError("The input parameter type is incorrect")
+    if len(set([item.shape for item in arrays])) != 1:
+        raise ValueError("All arrays must have the same shape")
+    data = [item.data for item in arrays]
+
+    def inner(*arrs):
+        if isinstance(arrs[0], list):
+            _copy = []
+            for item in zip(*arrs):
+                _copy.append(inner(*item))
+            return _copy
+        else:
+            return func(*arrs, *args) if args else func(*arrs)
+
+    if rtype is None:
+        rtype = type(arrays[0])
+    return rtype(inner(*data))
+
+
+def ufunc_helper(x, y, func):
+    if isinstance(x, __Array):
+        if isinstance(y, __Array):
+            return base_ufunc(x, y, func=func)
+        else:
+            return base_ufunc(x, func=func, args=[y])
+    else:
+        if isinstance(y, __Array):
+            return base_ufunc(y, func=lambda b, a: func(a, b), args=[x])
+        else:
+            return func(x, y)
+
+
 def add(x, y):
-    return x + y
+    def inner(_x, _y):
+        return _x + _y
+
+    return ufunc_helper(x, y, inner)
 
 
 def subtract(x, y):
-    return x - y
+    def inner(_x, _y):
+        return _x - _y
+
+    return ufunc_helper(x, y, inner)
 
 
 def multiply(x, y):
-    return x * y
+    def inner(_x, _y):
+        return _x * _y
+
+    return ufunc_helper(x, y, inner)
 
 
 def divide(x, y):
-    return x / y
+    def inner(_x, _y):
+        return _x / _y
+
+    return ufunc_helper(x, y, inner)
 
 
 def floor_divide(x, y):
-    return x // y
+    def inner(_x, _y):
+        return _x // _y
+
+    return ufunc_helper(x, y, inner)
 
 
 def modulo(x, y):
-    return x % y
+    def inner(_x, _y):
+        return _x % _y
+
+    return ufunc_helper(x, y, inner)
 
 
 def power(x, y, m=None):
-    return pow(x, y, m)
+    from .Array import full
+
+    def inner(_x, _y, _m=None):
+        try:
+            return pow(_x, _y, _m)
+        except ValueError:
+            return pow(_x, _y)
+
+    is_array = [isinstance(x, __Array), isinstance(y, __Array), isinstance(m, __Array)]
+    if not any(is_array):
+        return pow(x, y, m)
+    first = (x, y, m)[is_array.index(True)]
+    shape = first.shape
+    if not is_array[0]:
+        x = full(shape, x)
+    if not is_array[1]:
+        y = full(shape, y)
+    if not is_array[2]:
+        m = full(shape, m)
+    return base_ufunc(x, y, m, func=inner, rtype=type(first))