DiadFit 0.0.88__py3-none-any.whl → 1.0.0__py3-none-any.whl

DiadFit/CO2_EOS.py

@@ -9,8 +9,7 @@ from scipy.optimize import minimize
 from pathlib import Path
 from pickle import load
 import pickle
-
-
+import math
 DiadFit_dir=Path(__file__).parent
 
 
@@ -329,7 +328,7 @@ def calculate_rho_for_P_T(P_kbar, T_K, EOS='SW96'):
         Temperature in Kelvin
 
     EOS: str
-        'SW96' for Span and Wanger (1996), or 'SP94' for Sterner and Pitzer (1994)
+        'SW96' for Span and Wanger (1996), 'SP94' for Sterner and Pitzer (1994)
 
 
     Returns
@@ -348,11 +347,15 @@ def calculate_rho_for_P_T(P_kbar, T_K, EOS='SW96'):
         CO2_dens_gcm3=calculate_rho_for_P_T_SP94(T_K=T_K, P_kbar=P_kbar)
 
 
+
+
     return pd.Series(CO2_dens_gcm3)
 
 
 
 
+
+
 # Function for Span and Wanger (1996)
 
 def calculate_rho_for_P_T_SW96(P_kbar, T_K):
@@ -427,7 +430,8 @@ def calculate_P_for_rho_T(CO2_dens_gcm3, T_K, EOS='SW96', Sample_ID=None):
         Temperature in Kelvin
 
     EOS: str
-        'SW96' for Span and Wanger (1996), or 'SP94' for Sterner and Pitzer (1994)
+        'SW96' for Span and Wanger (1996),  'SP94' for Sterner and Pitzer (1994),
+        or  'DZ06' for Pure CO2 from Duan and Zhang (2006)
 
     Sample_ID: str, pd.Series
         Sample ID to be appended onto output dataframe
@@ -444,8 +448,12 @@ def calculate_P_for_rho_T(CO2_dens_gcm3, T_K, EOS='SW96', Sample_ID=None):
         df=calculate_P_for_rho_T_SW96(CO2_dens_gcm3=CO2_dens_gcm3, T_K=T_K)
     elif EOS=='SP94':
         df=calculate_P_for_rho_T_SP94(CO2_dens_gcm3=CO2_dens_gcm3, T_K=T_K)
+    elif EOS=='DZ06':
+        df=calculate_P_for_rho_T_DZ06(CO2_dens_gcm3=CO2_dens_gcm3, T_K=T_K)
+
+
     else:
-        raise TypeError('Please choose either SP94 or SW96 as an EOS')
+        raise TypeError('Please choose either SP94, SW96, or DZ06 as an EOS')
 
     if Sample_ID is not None:
         df['Sample_ID']=Sample_ID
@@ -457,6 +465,40 @@ def calculate_P_for_rho_T(CO2_dens_gcm3, T_K, EOS='SW96', Sample_ID=None):
 
 # Calculating P for a given density and Temperature using Coolprop
 
+def calculate_P_for_rho_T_DZ06(CO2_dens_gcm3, T_K):
+    """ This function calculates P in kbar for a specified CO2 density in g/cm3 and a known T (in K) for the pure CO2 Duan and Zhang (2006) EOS (e.g. XH2O=0)
+
+    Parameters
+    ---------------------
+    CO2_dens_gcm3: int, float, pd.Series, np.array
+        CO2 density in g/cm3
+
+    T_K: int, float, pd.Series, np.array
+        Temperature in Kelvin
+
+
+    Returns
+    --------------------
+    pd.DataFrame
+        Pressure in kbar. MPa and input parameters
+
+    """
+    P_MPa=calculate_Pressure_DZ2006(density=CO2_dens_gcm3, T_K=T_K, XH2O=0)/10
+
+
+
+    df=pd.DataFrame(data={'P_kbar': P_MPa/100,
+                            'P_MPa': P_MPa,
+                            'T_K': T_K,
+                            'CO2_dens_gcm3': CO2_dens_gcm3
+
+                            }, index=[0])
+
+    return df
+
+
+
+
 def calculate_P_for_rho_T_SW96(CO2_dens_gcm3, T_K):
     """ This function calculates P in kbar for a specified CO2 density in g/cm3 and a known T (in K) for the Span and Wanger (1996) EOS
 
@@ -867,6 +909,1279 @@ def calculate_SP1994_Temp(CO2_dens_gcm3, target_pressure_MPa):
 
 
 
+## Combined CO2 and H2O-CO2 EOS files to avoid circular imports for pure DZ EOS.
+
+
+# Set up constants.
+Tc1 = 647.25
+Pc1 = 221.19
+Tc2 = 301.1282
+Pc2 = 73.773
+
+# Set up low pressure and high pressure parameters for CO2.
+
+aL1 = [0] * 16  # Assuming the array is 1-indexed like in C.
+#So we dont need to adjust everything
+
+aL1[1] = 4.38269941 / 10**2
+aL1[2] = -1.68244362 / 10**1
+aL1[3] = -2.36923373 / 10**1
+aL1[4] = 1.13027462 / 10**2
+aL1[5] = -7.67764181 / 10**2
+aL1[6] = 9.71820593 / 10**2
+aL1[7] = 6.62674916 / 10**5
+aL1[8] = 1.06637349 / 10**3
+aL1[9] = -1.23265258 / 10**3
+aL1[10] = -8.93953948 / 10**6
+aL1[11] = -3.88124606 / 10**5
+aL1[12] = 5.61510206 / 10**5
+aL1[13] = 7.51274488 / 10**3  # alpha for H2O
+aL1[14] = 2.51598931  # beta for H2O
+aL1[15] = 3.94 / 10**2  # gamma for H2O
+
+# Higher pressure parameters - 0.2- 1 GPa
+aH1 = [0] * 16  # Assuming the array is 1-indexed like in C
+
+aH1[1] = 4.68071541 / 10**2
+aH1[2] = -2.81275941 / 10**1
+aH1[3] = -2.43926365 / 10**1
+aH1[4] = 1.10016958 / 10**2
+aH1[5] = -3.86603525 / 10**2
+aH1[6] = 9.30095461 / 10**2
+aH1[7] = -1.15747171 / 10**5
+aH1[8] = 4.19873848 / 10**4
+aH1[9] = -5.82739501 / 10**4
+aH1[10] = 1.00936000 / 10**6
+aH1[11] = -1.01713593 / 10**5
+aH1[12] = 1.63934213 / 10**5
+aH1[13] = -4.49505919 / 10**2  # alpha for H2O
+aH1[14] = -3.15028174 / 10**1  # beta for H2O
+aH1[15] = 1.25 / 10**2  # gamma for H2O
+
+
+# Low presure CO2 parameters.
+
+aL2 = [0] * 16  # Assuming the array is 1-indexed like in C
+
+aL2[1] = 1.14400435 / 10**1
+aL2[2] = -9.38526684 / 10**1
+aL2[3] = 7.21857006 / 10**1
+aL2[4] = 8.81072902 / 10**3
+aL2[5] = 6.36473911 / 10**2
+aL2[6] = -7.70822213 / 10**2
+aL2[7] = 9.01506064 / 10**4
+aL2[8] = -6.81834166 / 10**3
+aL2[9] = 7.32364258 / 10**3
+aL2[10] = -1.10288237 / 10**4
+aL2[11] = 1.26524193 / 10**3
+aL2[12] = -1.49730823 / 10**3
+aL2[13] = 7.81940730 / 10**3  # alpha for CO2
+aL2[14] = -4.22918013  # beta for CO2
+aL2[15] = 1.585 / 10**1  # gamma for CO2
+
+
+
+# High pressure CO2 parameters.
+aH2 = [0] * 16  # Assuming the array is 1-indexed like in C
+aH2[1] = 5.72573440 / 10**3
+aH2[2] = 7.94836769
+aH2[3] = -3.84236281 * 10.0
+aH2[4] = 3.71600369 / 10**2
+aH2[5] = -1.92888994
+aH2[6] = 6.64254770
+aH2[7] = -7.02203950 / 10**6
+aH2[8] = 1.77093234 / 10**2
+aH2[9] = -4.81892026 / 10**2
+aH2[10] = 3.88344869 / 10**6
+aH2[11] = -5.54833167 / 10**4
+aH2[12] = 1.70489748 / 10**3
+aH2[13] = -4.13039220 / 10**1  # alpha for CO2
+aH2[14] = -8.47988634  # beta for CO2
+aH2[15] = 2.800 / 10**2  # gamma for CO2
+
+
+
+import pandas as pd
+import numpy as np
+
+def ensure_series(a, b, c):
+    # Determine the target length
+    lengths = [len(a) if isinstance(a, (pd.Series, np.ndarray)) else None,
+               len(b) if isinstance(b, (pd.Series, np.ndarray)) else None,
+               len(c) if isinstance(c, (pd.Series, np.ndarray)) else None]
+    lengths = [l for l in lengths if l is not None]
+    target_length = max(lengths) if lengths else 1
+
+    # Convert each input to a Series of the target length
+    if not isinstance(a, (pd.Series, np.ndarray)):
+        a = pd.Series([a] * target_length)
+    else:
+        a = pd.Series(a)
+
+    if not isinstance(b, (pd.Series, np.ndarray)):
+        b = pd.Series([b] * target_length)
+    else:
+        b = pd.Series(b)
+
+    if not isinstance(c, (pd.Series, np.ndarray)):
+        c = pd.Series([c] * target_length)
+    else:
+        c = pd.Series(c)
+
+    return a, b, c
+
+
+def ensure_series_4(a, b, c, d):
+    # Determine the target length
+    lengths = [len(a) if isinstance(a, (pd.Series, np.ndarray)) else None,
+               len(b) if isinstance(b, (pd.Series, np.ndarray)) else None,
+               len(c) if isinstance(c, (pd.Series, np.ndarray)) else None,
+               len(d) if isinstance(d, (pd.Series, np.ndarray)) else None]
+    lengths = [l for l in lengths if l is not None]
+    target_length = max(lengths) if lengths else 1
+
+    # Convert each input to a Series of the target length
+    if not isinstance(a, (pd.Series, np.ndarray)):
+        a = pd.Series([a] * target_length)
+    else:
+        a = pd.Series(a)
+
+    if not isinstance(b, (pd.Series, np.ndarray)):
+        b = pd.Series([b] * target_length)
+    else:
+        b = pd.Series(b)
+
+    if not isinstance(c, (pd.Series, np.ndarray)):
+        c = pd.Series([c] * target_length)
+    else:
+        c = pd.Series(c)
+
+    if not isinstance(d, (pd.Series, np.ndarray)):
+        d = pd.Series([d] * target_length)
+    else:
+        d = pd.Series(d)
+
+    return a, b, c, d
+
+
+
+## Pure EOS functions
+# First, we need the pure EOS
+def pureEOS(i, V, P, B, C, D, E, F, Vc, TK, b, g):
+    """
+    This function calculates the compressability factor for a pure EOS using the modified Lee-Kesler
+    equation.
+
+    i=0 for H2O, i=1 for CO2.
+
+    You input a volume, and it returns the difference between the compresability factor, and that calculated at the input P, V and T_K.
+    E.g. gives the residual so that you can iterate.
+    """
+    CF = (1.0 + (B[i] * Vc[i] / V) + (C[i] * Vc[i] *
+    Vc[i] / (V * V)) + (D[i] * Vc[i] * Vc[i] * Vc[i] * Vc[i] /
+     (V * V * V * V)))
+
+    CF += ((E[i] * Vc[i] * Vc[i] * Vc[i] * Vc[i] * Vc[i] /
+    (V * V * V * V * V)))
+
+    CF += ((F[i] * Vc[i] * Vc[i] / (V * V)) *
+    (b[i] + g[i] * Vc[i] * Vc[i] / (V * V)) *
+    math.exp(-g[i] * Vc[i] * Vc[i] / (V * V)))
+
+    return CF - (P * V) / (83.14467 * TK)
+
+def pureEOS_CF(i, V, P, B, C, D, E, F, Vc, TK, b, g):
+    """
+    This function calculates the compressability factor for a pure EOS using the modified Lee-Kesler
+    equation.
+
+    i=0 for H2O, i=1 for CO2.
+
+    You input a volume, and it returns the difference between the compresability factor, and that calculated at the input P, V and T_K.
+    E.g. gives the residual so that you can iterate.
+    """
+    CF = (1.0 + (B[i] * Vc[i] / V) + (C[i] * Vc[i] *
+    Vc[i] / (V * V)) + (D[i] * Vc[i] * Vc[i] * Vc[i] * Vc[i] /
+     (V * V * V * V)))
+
+    CF += ((E[i] * Vc[i] * Vc[i] * Vc[i] * Vc[i] * Vc[i] /
+    (V * V * V * V * V)))
+
+    CF += ((F[i] * Vc[i] * Vc[i] / (V * V)) *
+    (b[i] + g[i] * Vc[i] * Vc[i] / (V * V)) *
+    math.exp(-g[i] * Vc[i] * Vc[i] / (V * V)))
+
+    return CF
+
+
+# Volume iterative function using Netwon-Raphson method.
+def purevolume(i, V, P, B, C, D, E, F, Vc, TK, b, g):
+    """ Using the pure EOS, this function solves for the best molar volume (in cm3/mol) using the pureEOS residual calculated above
+
+    It returns the volume.
+
+    """
+    for iter in range(1, 51):
+        # Calculate the derivative of the pureEOS function at (V, P)
+        diff = (pureEOS(i, V + 0.0001, P,B, C, D, E, F, Vc, TK, b, g) - pureEOS(i, V, P, B, C, D, E, F, Vc, TK, b, g)) / 0.0001
+
+        # Update the volume using the Newton-Raphson method
+        Vnew = V - pureEOS(i, V, P, B, C, D, E, F, Vc, TK, b, g) / diff
+
+        # Check if the update is within the tolerance (0.000001)
+        if abs(Vnew - V) <= 0.000001:
+            break
+
+        # Update V for the next iteration
+        V = Vnew
+
+    # Return the final estimated volume
+    return V
+
+def purepressure(i, V, P, TK):
+    """ Using the pure EOS, this function solves for the best pressure (in bars) using the pureEOS residual calculated above
+
+    It returns the pressure in bars
+
+    """
+    for iter in range(1, 51):
+        # Calculate the derivative of the pureEOS function at (V, P)
+        k1_temperature, k2_temperature, k3_temperature, a1, a2, g, b, Vc, B, C, D, E, F, Vguess=get_EOS_params(P, TK)
+
+        diff = (pureEOS(i, V, P + 0.0001, B, C, D, E, F, Vc, TK, b, g) - pureEOS(i, V, P, B, C, D, E, F, Vc, TK, b, g)) / 0.0001
+
+        # Update the pressure using the Newton-Raphson method
+        Pnew = P - pureEOS(i, V, P, B, C, D, E, F, Vc, TK, b, g) / diff
+
+        # Dont allow negative solutions
+        if Pnew < 0:
+            Pnew = 30000
+
+        # Check if the update is within the tolerance (0.000001)
+        if abs(Pnew - P) <= 0.000001:
+            break
+
+        # Update P for the next iteration
+        P = Pnew
+
+    # Return the final estimated pressure
+    return P
+
+
+
+
+def mol_vol_to_density(mol_vol, XH2O):
+    """ Converts molar volume (cm3/mol) to density (g/cm3) for a given XH2O"""
+    density=((1-XH2O)*44 + (XH2O)*18)/mol_vol
+    return density
+
+def pure_lnphi(i, Z, B, Vc, V, C, D, E, F, g, b):
+    """
+    This function calculates the fugacity coefficient (kbar) from the equation of state for a pure fluid
+
+    """
+    lnph = Z[i] - 1.0 - math.log(Z[i]) + (B[i] * Vc[i] / V[i]) + (C[i] * Vc[i] * Vc[i] / (2.0 * V[i] * V[i]))
+    lnph += (D[i] * Vc[i] * Vc[i] * Vc[i] * Vc[i] / (4.0 * V[i] * V[i] * V[i] * V[i]))
+    lnph += (E[i] * Vc[i] * Vc[i] * Vc[i] * Vc[i] * Vc[i] / (5.0 * V[i] * V[i] * V[i] * V[i] * V[i]))
+    lnph += (F[i] / (2.0 * g[i])) * (b[i] + 1.0 - (b[i] + 1.0 + g[i] * Vc[i] * Vc[i] / (V[i] * V[i])) * math.exp(-g[i] * Vc[i] * Vc[i] / (V[i] * V[i])))
+
+    return lnph
+
+
+
+## Mixing between species
+def cbrt_calc(x):
+    """
+    This function calculates the cubic root that can deal with negative numbers.
+    """
+    if x >= 0:
+        return math.pow(x, 1/3)
+    else:
+        return -math.pow(-x, 1/3)
+
+
+def mixEOS(V, P, BVc, CVc2, DVc4, EVc5, FVc2, bmix, gVc2, TK):
+    """ This function is like the one for the pureEOS. It calculates the compressability factor, and
+    then calculates the compressability factor based on the P-V-T you entered. It returns the residual between those two values.
+    """
+    CF = 1.0 + (BVc / V) + (CVc2 / (V * V)) + (DVc4 / (V * V * V * V)) + (EVc5 / (V * V * V * V * V))
+    CF += (FVc2 / (V * V)) * (bmix + gVc2 / (V * V)) * np.exp(-gVc2 / (V * V))
+
+    return CF - (P * V) / (83.14467 * TK)
+
+
+def mixEOS_CF(V, P, BVc, CVc2, DVc4, EVc5, FVc2, bmix, gVc2, TK):
+    """ This function is like the one for the pureEOS. It calculates the compressability factor, and
+    then calculates that based on the P-V-T you entered. It does not return the residual
+    """
+    CF = 1.0 + (BVc / V) + (CVc2 / (V * V)) + (DVc4 / (V * V * V * V)) + (EVc5 / (V * V * V * V * V))
+    CF += (FVc2 / (V * V)) * (bmix + gVc2 / (V * V)) * np.exp(-gVc2 / (V * V))
+
+    return CF
+
+
+def mixvolume(V, P, BVc, CVc2, DVc4, EVc5, FVc2, bmix, gVc2, TK):
+    """ This function iterates in volume space to get the best match volume (cm3/mol) to the entered pressure using the mixEOS function above.
+
+    """
+    for iter in range(1, 51):
+        diff = ((mixEOS(V + 0.0001, P, BVc, CVc2, DVc4, EVc5, FVc2, bmix, gVc2, TK)
+    - mixEOS(V, P, BVc, CVc2, DVc4, EVc5, FVc2, bmix, gVc2, TK)) / 0.0001)
+        Vnew = V - mixEOS(V, P, BVc, CVc2, DVc4, EVc5, FVc2, bmix, gVc2, TK) / diff
+        if abs(Vnew - V) <= 0.000001:
+            break
+        V = Vnew
+
+    return V
+
+import warnings as w
+
+## We are going to have to use a look up table to help the netwon raphson converge.
+
+# Load the lookup table from the CSV file
+DiadFit_dir=Path(__file__).parent
+file_str='lookup_table_noneg.csv'
+dz06_lookuptable=pd.read_csv(DiadFit_dir/file_str)
+#df = pd.read_csv('lookup_table_noneg.csv')
+
+
+
+
+
+def get_initial_guess(V_target, T_K_target, XH2O_target):
+    # Calculate the Euclidean distance from the target point to all points in the table
+    # We normalize each dimension by its range to give equal weight to all parameters
+    df=dz06_lookuptable
+
+    # code to find best value
+
+    P_range = df['P_kbar'].max() - df['P_kbar'].min()
+    T_K_range = df['T_K'].max() - df['T_K'].min()
+    XH2O_range = df['XH2O'].max() - df['XH2O'].min()
+    V_range = df['V'].max() - df['V'].min()
+
+    # Calculate normalized distances
+    distances = np.sqrt(
+        ((df['P_kbar'] - df['P_kbar'].mean()) / P_range) ** 2 +
+        ((df['T_K'] - T_K_target) / T_K_range) ** 2 +
+        ((df['XH2O'] - XH2O_target) / XH2O_range) ** 2 +
+        ((df['V'] - V_target) / V_range) ** 2
+    )
+
+    # Drop NaN values from distances
+    non_nan_distances = distances.dropna()
+
+    # Check if all distances are NaN
+    if non_nan_distances.empty:
+        return 10
+
+    # Find the index of the closest row in the DataFrame
+    closest_index = non_nan_distances.idxmin()
+
+    # Retrieve the P_kbar value from the closest row
+    initial_guess_P = df.iloc[closest_index]['P_kbar']
+
+    return initial_guess_P
+
+
+
+
+def mixpressure(P, V, TK, Y):
+    """ This function iterates in pressure space to get the best match in bars to the entered volume in cm3/mol using the mixEOS function above.
+
+    """
+
+
+    for iter in range(1, 51):
+        k1_temperature, k2_temperature, k3_temperature, a1, a2, g, b, Vc, B, C, D, E, F, Vguess=get_EOS_params(P, TK)
+        Bij, Vcij, BVc_prm, BVc, Cijk, Vcijk, CVc2_prm, CVc2, Dijklm, Vcijklm, DVc4_prm, DVc4, Eijklmn, Vcijklmn, EVc5_prm,  EVc5, Fij, FVc2_prm, FVc2, bmix, b_prm, gijk, gVc2_prm, gVc2=mixing_rules(B, C,D, E, F, Vc, Y, b,    g, k1_temperature, k2_temperature, k3_temperature)
+
+        diff = ((mixEOS(V, P + 0.0001, BVc, CVc2, DVc4, EVc5, FVc2, bmix, gVc2, TK)
+        - mixEOS(V, P, BVc, CVc2, DVc4, EVc5, FVc2, bmix, gVc2, TK)) / 0.0001)
+        Pnew = P - mixEOS(V, P, BVc, CVc2, DVc4, EVc5, FVc2, bmix, gVc2, TK) / diff
+
+
+
+
+        if abs(Pnew - P) <= 0.000001:
+            break
+
+        P = Pnew
+
+    return P
+
+        # # Dont allow negative solutions
+        # if Pnew<0:
+        #     Pnew = 3000
+
+        # if Pnew < 10000 and Pnew>0 and V<50:
+        #     w.warn('Sometimes the adapted Newton Raphson method will find a second root at lower (or negative pressure). This initially found a root at P=' + str(np.round(Pnew, 2)) + ', V=' + str(np.round(V)) + '. The algorithm has started its search again at P=3000 bars. Double check your results make sense')
+        #
+        #     Pnew = 10000  # Replace 0.0001 with a small positive value that makes sense for your system
+        #
+
+
+# def mixpressure(P_init, V, TK, Y, max_restarts=3):
+#     """This function iterates in pressure space to get the best match to the entered volume using the mixEOS function above."""
+#
+#     restarts = 0
+#     while restarts <= max_restarts:
+#         P = P_init
+#         for iter in range(1, 51):
+#             # Your EOS parameters and mixing rules calculations here
+#
+#             diff = ((mixEOS(V, P + 0.0001, BVc, CVc2, DVc4, EVc5, FVc2, bmix, gVc2, TK) - mixEOS(V, P, BVc, CVc2, DVc4, EVc5, FVc2, bmix, gVc2, TK)) / 0.0001)
+#             Pnew = P - mixEOS(V, P, BVc, CVc2, DVc4, EVc5, FVc2, bmix, gVc2, TK) / diff
+#
+#             # Don't allow unrealistic solutions but provide a chance to reset
+#             if Pnew < 5000 and V > 10:
+#                 warnings.warn('Root forced above 5000 bars due to conditions, attempting restart...')
+#                 Pnew = 5000  # Force the pressure up due to your condition
+#                 break  # Break out of the current iteration loop to allow for a restart
+#
+#             if abs(Pnew - P) <= 0.000001:  # Convergence criterion
+#                 return Pnew  # Return the converged value
+#             P = Pnew
+#
+#         restarts += 1  # Increment the number of restarts attempted
+#         P_init = 5000  # Set a new starting point that might be closer to the suspected real root
+#
+#     warnings.warn('Max restarts reached, solution may not be optimal.')
+#     return P  # Return the last computed pressure if all restart attempts fail
+
+
+
+
+
+
+def mix_lnphi(i, Zmix, BVc_prm, CVc2_prm, DVc4_prm, EVc5_prm, FVc2_prm, FVc2, bmix, b_prm, gVc2, gVc2_prm, Vmix):
+    """ This function calculates lnphi values"""
+    lnph=0
+
+    lnph = -math.log(Zmix)
+    lnph += (BVc_prm[i] / Vmix)
+    lnph += (CVc2_prm[i] / (2.0 * Vmix ** 2))
+    lnph += (DVc4_prm[i] / (4.0 * Vmix ** 4))
+    lnph += (EVc5_prm[i] / (5.0 * Vmix ** 5))
+    lnph += ((FVc2_prm[i] * bmix + b_prm[i] * FVc2) / (2 * gVc2)) * (1.0 - math.exp(-gVc2 / (Vmix ** 2)))
+    lnph += ((FVc2_prm[i] * gVc2 + gVc2_prm[i] * FVc2 - FVc2 * bmix * (gVc2_prm[i] - gVc2)) / (2.0 * gVc2 ** 2)) * (1.0 - (gVc2 / (Vmix ** 2) + 1.0) * math.exp(-gVc2 / (Vmix ** 2)))
+    lnph += -(((gVc2_prm[i] - gVc2) * FVc2) / (2 * gVc2 ** 2)) * (2.0 - (((gVc2 ** 2) / (Vmix ** 4)) + (2.0 * gVc2 / (Vmix ** 2)) + 2.0) * math.exp(-gVc2 / (Vmix ** 2)))
+
+
+    return lnph
+
+
+
+def mix_fugacity_ind(*, P_kbar, T_K, XH2O, Vmix):
+    """ This function calculates fugacity for a single sample.
+    It returns the activity of each component (fugacity/fugacity in pure component)
+
+
+    """
+
+    P=P_kbar*1000
+    TK=T_K
+    XCO2=1-XH2O
+    Y = [0] * 2
+    Y[0]=XH2O
+    Y[1]=XCO2
+
+    # Calculate the constants you neeed
+    k1_temperature, k2_temperature, k3_temperature, a1, a2, g, b, Vc, B, C, D, E, F, Vguess=get_EOS_params(P, TK)
+
+
+    lnphi2kbL = [0.0, 0.0]
+    lnphi2kbH = [0.0, 0.0]
+
+    lnphi = [0.0, 0.0]
+    phi_mix = [0.0, 0.0]
+    activity = [0.0, 0.0]
+    f = [0.0, 0.0]
+
+    # Calculate at pressure of interest
+    Z_pure = [0.0, 0.0]
+    V_pure = [0.0, 0.0]
+
+
+    # Initial guess for volumne
+
+    if P<=2000:
+        Vguess=1000
+    elif P>20000:
+        Vguess=10
+    else:
+        Vguess=100
+
+    V_pure[1]=purevolume(1, Vguess, P, B, C, D, E, F, Vc, TK, b, g)
+    V_pure[0]=purevolume(0, Vguess, P, B, C, D, E, F, Vc, TK, b, g)
+    Z_pure[0]=P*V_pure[0]/(83.14467*TK)
+    Z_pure[1]=P*V_pure[1]/(83.14467*TK)
+
+
+    #H2O pure
+    lnphi0=pure_lnphi(0, Z_pure, B, Vc, V_pure, C, D, E, F, g, b)
+    #CO2 pure
+    lnphi1=pure_lnphi(1, Z_pure, B, Vc, V_pure, C, D, E, F, g, b)
+
+
+    # Funny maths you have to do incase P>2000 bars
+
+
+    # First, calculate parameters with low pressure coefficients
+    k1_temperature_LP, k2_temperature_LP, k3_temperature_LP, a1_LP, a2_LP, g_LP, b_LP, Vc_LP, B_LP, C_LP, D_LP, E_LP, F_LP, Vguess=get_EOS_params(500, TK)
+    Z_pure_LP_2000 = [0.0, 0.0]
+    V_pure_LP_2000 = [0.0, 0.0]
+    V_pure_LP_2000[0]=purevolume(0, 100, 2000, B_LP, C_LP, D_LP, E_LP, F_LP, Vc_LP, TK, b_LP, g_LP)
+    V_pure_LP_2000[1]=purevolume(1, 100, 2000, B_LP, C_LP, D_LP, E_LP, F_LP, Vc_LP, TK, b_LP, g_LP)
+
+    Z_pure_LP_2000[0]=2000.0*V_pure_LP_2000[0]/(83.14467*TK)
+    Z_pure_LP_2000[1]=2000.0*V_pure_LP_2000[1]/(83.14467*TK)
+
+    # Low pressure
+    lnphi0_LP=pure_lnphi(0, Z_pure_LP_2000, B_LP, Vc_LP, V_pure_LP_2000, C_LP, D_LP, E_LP, F_LP, g_LP, b_LP)
+    lnphi1_LP=pure_lnphi(1, Z_pure_LP_2000, B_LP, Vc_LP, V_pure_LP_2000, C_LP, D_LP, E_LP, F_LP, g_LP, b_LP)
+
+
+
+    # Same with high P
+    k1_temperature_HP, k2_temperature_HP, k3_temperature_HP, a1_HP, a2_HP, g_HP, b_HP, Vc_HP, B_HP, C_HP, D_HP, E_HP, F_HP, Vguess=get_EOS_params(3000, TK)
+    Z_pure_HP_2000 = [0.0, 0.0]
+    V_pure_HP_2000 = [0.0, 0.0]
+    V_pure_HP_2000[0]=purevolume(0, 100, 2000, B_HP, C_HP, D_HP, E_HP, F_HP, Vc_HP, TK, b_HP, g_HP)
+    V_pure_HP_2000[1]=purevolume(1, 100, 2000, B_HP, C_HP, D_HP, E_HP, F_HP, Vc_HP, TK, b_HP, g_HP)
+    Z_pure_HP_2000[0]=2000.0*V_pure_HP_2000[0]/(83.14467*TK)
+    Z_pure_HP_2000[1]=2000.0*V_pure_HP_2000[1]/(83.14467*TK)
+
+
+    #pure_HP
+    lnphi0_HP=pure_lnphi(0, Z_pure_HP_2000, B_HP, Vc_HP, V_pure_HP_2000, C_HP, D_HP, E_HP, F_HP, g_HP, b_HP)
+    lnphi1_HP=pure_lnphi(1, Z_pure_HP_2000, B_HP, Vc_HP, V_pure_HP_2000, C_HP, D_HP, E_HP, F_HP, g_HP, b_HP)
+
+    if P>2000:
+        # This is a weird thing described on Page 6 of Yoshimura -
+        lnphi0=lnphi0-lnphi0_HP+lnphi0_LP
+        lnphi1=lnphi1-lnphi1_HP+lnphi1_LP
+
+    phi0_pure=math.exp(lnphi0)
+    phi1_pure=math.exp(lnphi1)
+
+
+
+    # Now we need to do the mixed fugacity part of this
+    #--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    k1_temperature, k2_temperature, k3_temperature, a1, a2, g, b, Vc, B, C, D, E, F, Vguess=get_EOS_params(P, TK)
+    Bij, Vcij, BVc_prm, BVc, Cijk, Vcijk, CVc2_prm, CVc2, Dijklm, Vcijklm, DVc4_prm, DVc4, Eijklmn, Vcijklmn, EVc5_prm,  EVc5, Fij, FVc2_prm, FVc2, bmix, b_prm, gijk, gVc2_prm, gVc2=mixing_rules(B, C, D, E, F, Vc, Y, b, g, k1_temperature, k2_temperature, k3_temperature)
+    Zmix=(P*Vmix)/(83.14467*TK)
+    lnphi_mix = [0.0, 0.0]
+    phi_mix = [0.0, 0.0]
+    lnphi_mix[0]=mix_lnphi(0,  Zmix, BVc_prm, CVc2_prm, DVc4_prm, EVc5_prm, FVc2_prm,FVc2, bmix, b_prm, gVc2, gVc2_prm, Vmix)
+    lnphi_mix[1]=mix_lnphi(1,  Zmix, BVc_prm, CVc2_prm, DVc4_prm, EVc5_prm, FVc2_prm,FVc2, bmix, b_prm, gVc2, gVc2_prm, Vmix)
+
+
+
+    # But what if P>2000, well we need to do these calcs at low and high P
+    # High P - using Parameters from up above
+    Bij_HP, Vcij_HP, BVc_prm_HP, BVc_HP, Cijk_HP, Vcijk_HP, CVc2_prm_HP, CVc2_HP, Dijklm_HP, Vcijklm_HP, DVc4_prm_HP, DVc4_HP, Eijklmn_HP, Vcijklmn_HP, EVc5_prm_HP,  EVc5_HP, Fij_HP, FVc2_prm_HP, FVc2_HP, bmix_HP, b_prm_HP, gijk_HP, gVc2_prm_HP, gVc2_HP=mixing_rules(B_HP, C_HP, D_HP, E_HP, F_HP, Vc_HP, Y, b_HP, g_HP, k1_temperature_HP, k2_temperature_HP, k3_temperature_HP)
+    Vmix_HP=mixvolume(100, 2000, BVc_HP, CVc2_HP, DVc4_HP, EVc5_HP, FVc2_HP, bmix_HP, gVc2_HP, TK)
+    Zmix_HP=(2000*Vmix_HP)/(83.14467*TK)
+    lnphi_mix_HP = [0.0, 0.0]
+    lnphi_mix_HP[0]=mix_lnphi(0,  Zmix_HP, BVc_prm_HP, CVc2_prm_HP, DVc4_prm_HP, EVc5_prm_HP, FVc2_prm_HP,FVc2_HP, bmix_HP, b_prm_HP, gVc2_HP, gVc2_prm_HP, Vmix_HP)
+    lnphi_mix_HP[1]=mix_lnphi(1,  Zmix_HP, BVc_prm_HP, CVc2_prm_HP, DVc4_prm_HP, EVc5_prm_HP, FVc2_prm_HP, FVc2_HP, bmix_HP, b_prm_HP, gVc2_HP, gVc2_prm_HP, Vmix_HP)
+
+
+    # Same for LP
+    Bij_LP, Vcij_LP, BVc_prm_LP, BVc_LP, Cijk_LP, Vcijk_LP, CVc2_prm_LP, CVc2_LP, Dijklm_LP, Vcijklm_LP, DVc4_prm_LP, DVc4_LP, Eijklmn_LP, Vcijklmn_LP, EVc5_prm_LP,  EVc5_LP, Fij_LP, FVc2_prm_LP, FVc2_LP, bmix_LP, b_prm_LP, gijk_LP, gVc2_prm_LP, gVc2_LP=mixing_rules(B_LP, C_LP, D_LP, E_LP, F_LP,Vc_LP, Y, b_LP, g_LP, k1_temperature_LP, k2_temperature_LP, k3_temperature_LP)
+    Vmix_LP=mixvolume(100, 2000, BVc_LP, CVc2_LP, DVc4_LP, EVc5_LP, FVc2_LP, bmix_LP, gVc2_LP, TK)
+    Zmix_LP=(2000*Vmix_LP)/(83.14467*TK)
+    lnphi_mix_LP = [0.0, 0.0]
+    lnphi_mix_LP[0]=mix_lnphi(0,  Zmix_LP, BVc_prm_LP, CVc2_prm_LP, DVc4_prm_LP, EVc5_prm_LP, FVc2_prm_LP, FVc2_LP, bmix_LP, b_prm_LP, gVc2_LP, gVc2_prm_LP, Vmix_LP)
+    lnphi_mix_LP[1]=mix_lnphi(1,  Zmix_LP, BVc_prm_LP, CVc2_prm_LP, DVc4_prm_LP, EVc5_prm_LP, FVc2_prm_LP,FVc2_LP, bmix_LP, b_prm_LP, gVc2_LP, gVc2_prm_LP, Vmix_LP)
+
+    if P>2000:
+        lnphi_mix[0]=lnphi_mix[0]-lnphi_mix_HP[0]+lnphi_mix_LP[0]
+        lnphi_mix[1]=lnphi_mix[1]-lnphi_mix_HP[1]+lnphi_mix_LP[1]
+
+
+    phi_mix[0]=math.exp(lnphi_mix[0])
+    phi_mix[1]=math.exp(lnphi_mix[1])
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+    activity[0] = phi_mix[0] * Y[0] / phi0_pure
+    activity[1] = phi_mix[1] * Y[1] / phi1_pure
+
+    f[0] = Y[0] * P * phi_mix[0] / 1000.0  # fugacity in kbar
+    f[1] = Y[1] * P * phi_mix[1] / 1000.0  # fugacity in kbar
+
+
+
+
+    return f[0], f[1], activity[0], activity[1], Zmix
+
+
+
+
+
+def mixing_rules(B, C, D, E, F, Vc, Y, b, g, k1_temperature, k2_temperature, k3_temperature):
+    """ This function applies the DZ06 mixing rules"""
+
+    Bij = np.zeros((2, 2))
+    Vcij = np.zeros((2, 2))
+    BVc_prm = np.zeros(2)
+    b_prm=np.zeros(2)
+    BVc = 0.0
+    Cijk = np.zeros((2, 2, 2))
+    Vcijk = np.zeros((2, 2, 2))
+    CVc2_prm = np.zeros(2)
+    CVc2 = 0.0
+    Dijklm = np.zeros((2, 2, 2, 2, 2))
+    Vcijklm = np.zeros((2, 2, 2, 2, 2))
+    Eijklmn=np.zeros((2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2))
+    Vcijklmn=np.zeros((2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2))
+    DVc4_prm=np.zeros(2)
+    DVc4=0
+
+    EVc5_prm = np.zeros(2)
+    EVc5 = 0.0
+    Fij = np.zeros((2, 2))
+    FVc2_prm = np.zeros(2)
+    FVc2 = 0.0
+    gijk = np.zeros((2, 2, 2))
+    gVc2_prm = np.zeros(2)
+    gVc2 = 0.0
+
+    for i in range(2):
+        for j in range(2):
+            k1 = 1.0 if i == j else k1_temperature
+            Bij[i, j] = pow((cbrt_calc(B[i]) + cbrt_calc(B[j]))/2, 3.0) * k1
+
+    for i in range(2):
+        for j in range(2):
+            Vcij[i, j] = pow((cbrt_calc(Vc[i]) + cbrt_calc(Vc[j]))/2, 3.0)
+
+
+    for i in range(2):
+        for j in range(2):
+            BVc_prm[i] += 2 * Y[j] * Bij[i, j] * Vcij[i, j]
+
+
+
+    for i in range(2):
+        for j in range(2):
+
+            BVc += Y[i] * Y[j] * Bij[i, j] * Vcij[i, j]
+
+    for i in range(2):
+        for j in range(2):
+            for k in range(2):
+                k2 = 1.0 if i == j and j == k else k2_temperature
+                Cijk[i, j, k] = pow((cbrt_calc(C[i]) + cbrt_calc(C[j]) + cbrt_calc(C[k]))/3, 3.0) * k2
+
+    for i in range(2):
+        for j in range(2):
+            for k in range(2):
+                Vcijk[i, j, k] = pow((cbrt_calc(Vc[i]) + cbrt_calc(Vc[j]) + cbrt_calc(Vc[k]))/3, 3.0)
+
+    for i in range(2):
+        for j in range(2):
+            for k in range(2):
+                CVc2_prm[i] += 3 * Y[j] * Y[k] * Cijk[i, j, k] * Vcijk[i, j, k] * Vcijk[i, j, k]
+
+    CVc2=0.0
+    for i in range(2):
+        for j in range(2):
+            for k in range(2):
+                CVc2 += Y[i] * Y[j] * Y[k] * Cijk[i, j, k] * Vcijk[i, j, k] * Vcijk[i, j, k]
+
+
+    for i in range(2):
+        for j in range(2):
+            for k in range(2):
+                for l in range(2):
+                    for m in range(2):
+                        Dijklm[i, j, k, l, m] = pow((cbrt_calc(D[i]) + cbrt_calc(D[j]) + cbrt_calc(D[k]) + cbrt_calc(D[l]) + cbrt_calc(D[m]))/5, 3.0)
+
+    for i in range(2):
+        for j in range(2):
+            for k in range(2):
+                for l in range(2):
+                    for m in range(2):
+                        Vcijklm[i, j, k, l, m] = pow((cbrt_calc(Vc[i]) + cbrt_calc(Vc[j]) + cbrt_calc(Vc[k]) + cbrt_calc(Vc[l]) + cbrt_calc(Vc[m]))/5, 3.0)
+
+
+    for i in range(2):
+        for j in range(2):
+            for k in range(2):
+                for l in range(2):
+                    for m in range(2):
+                        DVc4_prm[i] += 5.0 * Y[j] * Y[k] * Y[l] * Y[m] * Dijklm[i, j, k, l, m] * pow(Vcijklm[i, j, k, l, m], 4.0)
+
+
+    for i in range(2):
+        for j in range(2):
+            for k in range(2):
+                for l in range(2):
+                    for m in range(2):
+                        DVc4 += Y[i] * Y[j] * Y[k] * Y[l] * Y[m] * Dijklm[i, j, k, l, m] * pow(Vcijklm[i, j, k, l, m], 4)
+
+# Missing Eijklmn,
+    for i in range(2):
+        for j in range(2):
+            for k in range(2):
+                for l in range(2):
+                    for m in range(2):
+                        for n in range(2):
+                            Eijklmn[i, j, k, l, m, n] = pow((cbrt_calc(E[i]) + cbrt_calc(E[j]) + cbrt_calc(E[k]) + cbrt_calc(E[l]) + cbrt_calc(E[m]) + cbrt_calc(E[n]))/6, 3.0)
+
+
+    for i in range(2):
+        for j in range(2):
+            for k in range(2):
+                for l in range(2):
+                    for m in range(2):
+                        for n in range(2):
+                            Vcijklmn[i, j, k, l, m, n] = pow((cbrt_calc(Vc[i]) + cbrt_calc(Vc[j]) + cbrt_calc(Vc[k]) + cbrt_calc(Vc[l]) + cbrt_calc(Vc[m]) + cbrt_calc(Vc[n]))/6, 3.0)
+
+
+
+    for i in range(2):
+        for j in range(2):
+            for k in range(2):
+                for l in range(2):
+                    for m in range(2):
+                        for n in range(2):
+                            EVc5_prm[i] += 6.0 * Y[j] * Y[k] * Y[l] * Y[m] * Y[n] * Eijklmn[i, j, k, l, m, n] * pow(Vcijklmn[i, j, k, l, m, n], 5.0)
+
+
+    for i in range(2):
+        for j in range(2):
+            for k in range(2):
+                for l in range(2):
+                    for m in range(2):
+                        for n in range(2):
+                            EVc5 += Y[i] * Y[j] * Y[k] * Y[l] * Y[m] * Y[n] * Eijklmn[i, j, k, l, m, n] * pow(Vcijklmn[i, j, k, l, m, n], 5.0)
+
+    for i in range(2):
+        for j in range(2):
+            Fij[i, j] = pow((cbrt_calc(F[i]) + cbrt_calc(F[j]))/2, 3.0)
+
+    for i in range(2):
+        for j in range(2):
+            FVc2_prm[i] += 2.0 * Y[j] * Fij[i, j] * Vcij[i, j] * Vcij[i, j]
+
+    for i in range(2):
+        for j in range(2):
+            FVc2 += Y[i] * Y[j] * Fij[i, j] * Vcij[i, j] * Vcij[i, j]
+
+    bmix = Y[0] * b[0] + Y[1] * b[1]
+
+    b_prm[0] = b[0]
+    b_prm[1] = b[1]
+
+    for i in range(2):
+        for j in range(2):
+            for k in range(2):
+                k3 = 1.0 if i == j and j == k else k3_temperature
+                gijk[i, j, k] = pow((cbrt_calc(g[i]) + cbrt_calc(g[j]) + cbrt_calc(g[k]))/3, 3.0) * k3
+
+    for i in range(2):
+        for j in range(2):
+            for k in range(2):
+                gVc2_prm[i] += 3.0 * Y[j] * Y[k] * gijk[i, j, k] * Vcijk[i, j, k] * Vcijk[i, j, k]
+
+
+    for i in range(2):
+        for j in range(2):
+            for k in range(2):
+                gVc2 += Y[i] * Y[j] * Y[k] * gijk[i, j, k] * Vcijk[i, j, k] * Vcijk[i, j, k]
+
+
+    return Bij, Vcij, BVc_prm, BVc, Cijk, Vcijk, CVc2_prm, CVc2, Dijklm, Vcijklm, DVc4_prm, DVc4, Eijklmn, Vcijklmn, EVc5_prm,  EVc5, Fij, FVc2_prm, FVc2, bmix, b_prm, gijk, gVc2_prm, gVc2
+
+
+## Getting EOS contsants themselves
+
+def get_EOS_params(P, TK):
+    """ This function returns the EOS 'constants' if you know the pressure (in bars) and temperature (in Kelvin)
+
+    """
+
+    a1 = np.zeros(16)
+    a2 = np.zeros(16)
+    b = np.zeros(2)
+    g = np.zeros(2)
+    Vc = np.zeros(1)
+    B = np.zeros(2)
+    C = np.zeros(2)
+    D = np.zeros(2)
+    E = np.zeros(2)
+    F = np.zeros(2)
+    V = np.zeros(2)
+    Vc = np.zeros(2)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+    # Initial guess for volumne
+
+    if P<=2000:
+        Vguess=1000
+    elif P>20000:
+        Vguess=10
+    else:
+        Vguess=100
+
+
+    if P <= 2000.0:
+        for i in range(16):
+            a1[i] = aL1[i]
+            a2[i] = aL2[i]
+        # These are the binary interaction parameters
+        k1_temperature = 3.131 - (5.0624 / 10**3.0) * TK + (1.8641 / 10**6) * TK**2 - 31.409 / TK
+        k2_temperature = -46.646 + (4.2877 / 10**2.0) * TK - (1.0892 / 10**5) * TK**2 + 1.5782 * 10**4 / TK
+        k3_temperature = 0.9
+    else:
+        for i in range(16):
+            a1[i] = aH1[i]
+            a2[i] = aH2[i]
+        # Same, but for higher pressures
+        k1_temperature = 9.034 - (7.9212 / 10**3) * TK + (2.3285 / 10**6) * TK**2 - 2.4221 * 10**3 / TK
+        k2_temperature = -1.068 + (1.8756 / 10**3) * TK - (4.9371 / 10**7) * TK**2 + 6.6180 * 10**2 / TK
+        k3_temperature = 1.0
+
+    b[0] = a1[14]  # beta for H2O
+    b[1] = a2[14]  # beta for CO2
+    g[0] = a1[15]  # gamma for H2O
+    g[1] = a2[15]  # gamma for CO2
+
+    Vc[0] = 83.14467 * Tc1 / Pc1
+    B[0] = a1[1] + a1[2] / ((TK / Tc1) * (TK / Tc1)) + a1[3] / ((TK / Tc1) * (TK / Tc1) * (TK / Tc1))
+    C[0] = a1[4] + a1[5] / ((TK / Tc1) * (TK / Tc1)) + a1[6] / ((TK / Tc1) * (TK / Tc1) * (TK / Tc1))
+    D[0] = a1[7] + a1[8] / ((TK / Tc1) * (TK / Tc1)) + a1[9] / ((TK / Tc1) * (TK / Tc1) * (TK / Tc1))
+    E[0] = a1[10] + a1[11] / ((TK / Tc1) * (TK / Tc1)) + a1[12] / ((TK / Tc1) * (TK / Tc1) * (TK / Tc1))
+    F[0] = a1[13] / ((TK / Tc1) * (TK / Tc1) * (TK / Tc1))
+
+    Vc[1] = 83.14467 * Tc2 / Pc2
+    B[1] = a2[1] + a2[2] / ((TK / Tc2) * (TK / Tc2)) + a2[3] / ((TK / Tc2) * (TK / Tc2) * (TK / Tc2))
+    C[1] = a2[4] + a2[5] / ((TK / Tc2) * (TK / Tc2)) + a2[6] / ((TK / Tc2) * (TK / Tc2) * (TK / Tc2))
+    D[1] = a2[7] + a2[8] / ((TK / Tc2) * (TK / Tc2)) + a2[9] / ((TK / Tc2) * (TK / Tc2) * (TK / Tc2))
+    E[1] = a2[10] + a2[11] / ((TK / Tc2) * (TK / Tc2)) + a2[12] / ((TK / Tc2) * (TK / Tc2) * (TK / Tc2))
+    F[1] = a2[13] / ((TK / Tc2) * (TK / Tc2) * (TK / Tc2))
+    return k1_temperature, k2_temperature, k3_temperature, a1, a2, g, b, Vc, B, C, D, E, F, Vguess
+
+## Lets wrap all these functions up.
+
+def calculate_molar_volume_ind_DZ2006(*, P_kbar, T_K, XH2O):
+    """ This function calculates molar volume (cm3/mol) for a known pressure (kbar), T in K and XH2O (mol frac) for a single value
+    """
+
+    P=P_kbar*1000
+    TK=T_K
+
+    # Calculate the constants you neeed
+    k1_temperature, k2_temperature, k3_temperature, a1, a2, g, b, Vc, B, C, D, E, F, Vguess=get_EOS_params(P, TK)
+
+    if XH2O==0:
+        mol_vol=purevolume(1, Vguess, P, B, C, D, E, F, Vc, TK, b, g)
+
+    if XH2O==1:
+        mol_vol=purevolume(0, Vguess, P, B, C, D, E, F, Vc, TK, b, g)
+
+    else:
+        XCO2=1-XH2O
+        Y = [0] * 2
+        Y[0]=XH2O
+        Y[1]=XCO2
+        Bij, Vcij, BVc_prm, BVc, Cijk, Vcijk, CVc2_prm, CVc2, Dijklm, Vcijklm, DVc4_prm, DVc4, Eijklmn, Vcijklmn, EVc5_prm,  EVc5, Fij, FVc2_prm, FVc2, bmix, b_prm, gijk, gVc2_prm, gVc2=mixing_rules(B, C,D, E, F, Vc, Y, b,    g, k1_temperature, k2_temperature, k3_temperature)
+
+
+        mol_vol=mixvolume(Vguess, P, BVc, CVc2, DVc4, EVc5, FVc2, bmix, gVc2, T_K)
+
+    if mol_vol<0:
+        mol_vol=np.nan
+
+    return mol_vol
+
+
+def calculate_molar_volume_DZ2006(*, P_kbar, T_K, XH2O):
+    """ Used to calculate molar volume (cm3/mol) in a loop for multiple inputs
+
+
+    """
+
+    P_kbar, T_K, XH2O=ensure_series(P_kbar, T_K, XH2O)
+
+    # Check all the same length
+    lengths = [len(P_kbar), len(T_K), len(XH2O)]
+    if len(set(lengths)) != 1:
+        raise ValueError("All input Pandas Series must have the same length.")
+
+    # Set up loop
+    mol_vol=np.zeros(len(P_kbar), float)
+
+    for i in range(0, len(P_kbar)):
+        mol_vol[i]=calculate_molar_volume_ind_DZ2006(P_kbar=P_kbar.iloc[i].astype(float), T_K=T_K.iloc[i].astype(float), XH2O=XH2O.iloc[i].astype(float))
+
+
+
+
+
+    return mol_vol
+
+def calculate_Pressure_ind_DZ2006(*, mol_vol, T_K, XH2O, Pguess=None):
+    """ This function calculates pressure  (in bars) for a known molar volume, T in K and XH2O (mol frac) for a single value. It uses a look up table to get pressure, then a newton and raphson method (implemented in the function mixpressure) to find the best fit pressure. There are some densities, T_K and XH2O values where the volume is negative.
+    """
+    V=mol_vol
+    # if Pguess is None:
+    #     if V>1000:
+    #         Pguess=1000
+    #     elif V<10:
+    #         Pguess=20000
+    #     else:
+    #         Pguess=200
+
+    # Lets get P guess from a look up table
+    # uses a look up table
+    Pguess=get_initial_guess(V_target=V, T_K_target=T_K, XH2O_target=XH2O)*1000
+
+    if Pguess <= 0:
+            return np.nan
+
+
+    TK=T_K
+
+    # lets do for low pressure initially
+
+
+    # if XH2O==0:
+    #     P=purepressure(1,  V, Pguess, TK)
+    #
+    # elif XH2O==1:
+    #     P=purepressure(0, V, Pguess, TK)
+    #
+    # else:
+    XCO2=1-XH2O
+    Y = [0] * 2
+    Y[0]=XH2O
+    Y[1]=XCO2
+
+    # Now iteratively solve for pressure starting from this initial guess.
+
+    P=mixpressure(Pguess, V, T_K, Y)
+
+    return P
+
+def calculate_Pressure_DZ2006(*, mol_vol=None, density=None, T_K, XH2O):
+    """ Used to calculate pressure in a loop for multiple inputs.
+    Den - bulk density.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------------
+    mol_vol: molar volume in g/cm3
+    density: density in g/cm3
+    T_K: entrapment temperature in kelvin
+    XH2O: molar fraction of H2O in the fluid
+
+    Returns
+     ----------------
+     Pressure in bars
+
+
+    """
+    # Make all a panda series
+
+
+
+    if mol_vol is None and density is not None:
+        mol_vol=density_to_mol_vol(density=density, XH2O=XH2O)
+
+    mol_vol, T_K, XH2O=ensure_series(mol_vol, T_K, XH2O)
+
+    # Check all the same length
+    lengths = [len(mol_vol), len(T_K), len(XH2O)]
+    if len(set(lengths)) != 1:
+        raise ValueError("All input Pandas Series must have the same length.")
+
+    # Set up loop
+    P=np.zeros(len(mol_vol), float)
+
+    for i in range(0, len(mol_vol)):
+        P[i]=calculate_Pressure_ind_DZ2006(mol_vol=mol_vol.iloc[i].astype(float), T_K=T_K.iloc[i].astype(float), XH2O=XH2O.iloc[i].astype(float))
+
+
+
+    return P
+
+
+def mix_fugacity(*, P_kbar, T_K, XH2O, Vmix):
+
+    """ Used to calculate fugacity, compressability and activities for a panda series
+
+    """
+    # Make everything a pandas series
+
+    P_kbar, T_K, XH2O, Vmix=ensure_series_4(P_kbar, T_K, XH2O, Vmix)
+
+
+
+    #Check all the same length
+    lengths = [len(P_kbar), len(T_K), len(XH2O), len(Vmix)]
+    if len(set(lengths)) != 1:
+        raise ValueError("All input Pandas Series must have the same length.")
+
+    f=np.zeros(len(P_kbar), float)
+    a_CO2=np.zeros(len(P_kbar), float)
+    a_H2O=np.zeros(len(P_kbar), float)
+    f_CO2=np.zeros(len(P_kbar), float)
+    f_H2O=np.zeros(len(P_kbar), float)
+    Zmix=np.zeros(len(P_kbar), float)
+    for i in range(0, len(P_kbar)):
+
+        f_H2O[i], f_CO2[i], a_H2O[i], a_CO2[i], Zmix[i]=mix_fugacity_ind(P_kbar=P_kbar.iloc[i].astype(float), T_K=T_K.iloc[i].astype(float), XH2O=XH2O.iloc[i].astype(float), Vmix=Vmix.iloc[i].astype(float))
+
+    return f_H2O, f_CO2, a_H2O,a_CO2,  Zmix
+
+
+def mol_vol_to_density(*, mol_vol, XH2O):
+    """ Converts molar mass g/mol to densit g/cm3 for a given XH2O"""
+    density=((1-XH2O)*44 + (XH2O)*18)/mol_vol
+    return density
+
+def density_to_mol_vol(*, density, XH2O):
+    """ Converts density in g/cm3 to molar volume (mol/cm3) for a given XH2O"""
+    mol_vol=((1-XH2O)*44 + (XH2O)*18)/density
+    return mol_vol
+
+
+
+def calc_prop_knownP_EOS_DZ2006(*, P_kbar=1, T_K=1200, XH2O=1):
+    """ This function calculates molar volume, density, compressability factor, fugacity, and activity for mixed H2O-CO2 fluids
+    using the EOS of Span and Wanger. It assumes you know P, T, and XH2O.
+
+    Parameters
+    -------------------
+    P_kbar: float, np.array, pd.Series
+        Pressure in kbar
+    T_K: float, np.array, pd.Series
+        Temperature in Kelvin
+    XH2O: float, np.array, pd.Series
+        Molar fraction of H2O in the fluid phase.
+
+    Returns
+    -------------------
+    pd.DataFrame
+
+    """
+
+
+
+    # First, check all pd Series
+
+
+    mol_vol=calculate_molar_volume_DZ2006(P_kbar=P_kbar, T_K=T_K, XH2O=XH2O)
+
+
+    f_H2O, f_CO2, a_H2O, a_CO2, Zmix=mix_fugacity(P_kbar=P_kbar, T_K=T_K, XH2O=XH2O,
+                                                      Vmix=mol_vol)
+    density=mol_vol_to_density(mol_vol=mol_vol, XH2O=XH2O)
+    # 'T_K': T_K,
+    # 'P_kbar': P_kbar,
+    # 'XH2O': XH2O,
+    #
+
+
+    df=pd.DataFrame(data={'P_kbar': P_kbar,
+                          'T_K': T_K,
+                          'XH2O': XH2O,
+                          'XCO2': 1-XH2O,
+                          'Molar Volume (cm3/mol)': mol_vol,
+                          'Density (g/cm3)': density,
+                          'Compressability_factor': Zmix,
+                          'fugacity_H2O (kbar)': f_H2O,
+                          'fugacity_CO2 (kbar)': f_CO2,
+                          'activity_H2O': a_H2O,
+                          'activity_CO2': a_CO2})
+
+    return df
+
+
+
+def calculate_entrapment_P_XH2O(*, XH2O, CO2_dens_gcm3, T_K, T_K_ambient=37+273.15, fast_calcs=False, Hloss=True):
+    """" This function calculates pressure for a measured CO$_2$ density, temperature and estimate of initial XH2O.
+    It first corrects the density to obtain a bulk density for a CO2-H2O mix, assuming that H2O was lost from the inclusion.
+    correcting for XH2O. It assumes that H2O has been lost from the inclusion (see Hansteen and Klugel, 2008 for method). It also calculates using other
+    pure CO2 equation of states for comparison
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------------------
+    XH2O: float, pd.Series.
+        The molar fraction of H2O in the fluid. Should be between 0 and 1. Can get an estimate from say VESical.
+
+    CO2_dens_gcm3: float, pd.Series
+        Measured CO2 density in g/cm3
+
+    T_K: float, pd.Series
+        Temperature in Kelvin fluid was trapped at
+
+    T_K_ambient: pd.Series
+        Temperature in Kelvin Raman measurement was made at.
+
+    fast_calcs: bool (default False)
+        If True, only performs one EOS calc for DZ06, not 4 (with water, without water, SP94 and SW96).
+        also specify H2Oloss=True or False
+
+
+
+    Returns
+    -----------------------------
+    if fast_calcs is False:
+    pd.DataFrame:
+        Columns showing:
+        P_kbar_pureCO2_SW96: Pressure calculated for the measured CO$_2$ density using the pure CO2 EOS from Span and Wanger (1996)
+        P_kbar_pureCO2_SP94: Pressure calculated for the measured CO$_2$ density using the pure CO2 EOS from Sterner and Pitzer (1994)
+        P_kbar_pureCO2_DZ06: Pressure calculated from the measured CO$_2$ density using the pure CO2 EOs from Duan and Zhang (2006)
+        P_kbar_mixCO2_DZ06_Hloss: Pressure calculated from the reconstructed mixed fluid density using the mixed EOS from Duan and Zhang (2006) assuming H loss
+        P_kbar_mixCO2_DZ06_noHloss: Pressure calculated from the reconstructed mixed fluid density using the mixed EOS from Duan and Zhang (2006) assuming H loss
+        P Mix_Hloss/P Pure DZ06: Correction factor - e.g. how much deeper the pressure is from the mixed EOS with H loss
+        P Mix_noHloss/P Pure DZ06: Correction factor - e.g. how much deeper the pressure is from the mixed EOS (assuming no H loss)
+        rho_mix_calc_noHloss: Bulk density calculated (C+H)
+        rho_mix_calc_Hloss: Bulk density calculated (C+H) after h loss
+        CO2_dens_gcm3: Input CO2 density
+        T_K: input temperature
+        XH2O: input molar fraction of H2O
+
+    if fast_calcs is True:
+        P_kbar_mixCO2_DZ06: Pressure calculated from the reconstructed mixed fluid density using the mixed EOS from Duan and Zhang (2006)
+
+
+
+    """
+    XH2O, rho_meas, T_K=ensure_series(a=XH2O, b=CO2_dens_gcm3, c=T_K)
+    alpha=XH2O/(1-XH2O)
+
+    # IF water is lost
+    rho_orig_H_loss=rho_meas*(1+alpha*(18/44))
+    # IF water isnt lost
+
+    # Calculate mass ratio from molar ratio
+    XH2O_mass=(XH2O*18)/((1-XH2O)*44 +(XH2O*18) )
+    # Calculate pressure in CO2 fluid - returns answer in kbar
+    P_CO2=calculate_P_for_rho_T_SW96(CO2_dens_gcm3, T_K_ambient)['P_kbar']
+    # Now calculate density of H2O fluid
+
+    # See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6wE4Tk6OjGY
+    Ptotal=P_CO2/(1-XH2O) # Calculate the total pressure from the pressure we know for CO2.
+    P_H2O=Ptotal*XH2O # Now calculate the pressure of H2O. You could also do this as PTot*XH2O
+
+    # calculate density of H2O using EOS
+    H2O_dens=calculate_rho_for_P_T_H2O(P_kbar=P_H2O,T_K=T_K_ambient)
+
+    # Calculate the bulk density by re-arranging the two volume equations
+    nan_mask = H2O_dens==0
+    rho_orig_no_H_loss=(CO2_dens_gcm3*H2O_dens)/((1-XH2O_mass)*H2O_dens+XH2O_mass*CO2_dens_gcm3)
+    rho_orig_no_H_loss = np.where(nan_mask, CO2_dens_gcm3, rho_orig_no_H_loss)
+
+
+
+    if fast_calcs is True:
+        if Hloss is True:
+            P=calculate_Pressure_DZ2006(density=rho_orig_H_loss, T_K=T_K, XH2O=XH2O)
+        if Hloss is False:
+            P=calculate_Pressure_DZ2006(density=rho_orig_no_H_loss, T_K=T_K, XH2O=XH2O)
+        return P/1000
+
+    else:
+
+        # Lets calculate the pressure using SW96
+        P_SW=calculate_P_for_rho_T(T_K=T_K, CO2_dens_gcm3=rho_meas, EOS='SW96')
+        P_SP=calculate_P_for_rho_T(T_K=T_K, CO2_dens_gcm3=rho_meas, EOS='SP94')
+        # Run Duan and Zhang with no XHO@ to start with
+        P_DZ=calculate_Pressure_DZ2006(density=rho_meas, T_K=T_K, XH2O=XH2O*0)
+        # Now doing it with XH2O for two different densities
+
+        P_DZ_mix_H_loss=calculate_Pressure_DZ2006(density=rho_orig_H_loss, T_K=T_K, XH2O=XH2O)
+        P_DZ_mix_noH_loss=calculate_Pressure_DZ2006(density=rho_orig_no_H_loss, T_K=T_K, XH2O=XH2O)
+
+        df=pd.DataFrame(data={
+            'P_kbar_pureCO2_SW96': P_SW['P_kbar'],
+            'P_kbar_pureCO2_SP94': P_SP['P_kbar'],
+            'P_kbar_pureCO2_DZ06': P_DZ/1000,
+            'P_kbar_mixCO2_DZ06_Hloss': P_DZ_mix_H_loss/1000,
+            'P_kbar_mixCO2_DZ06_no_Hloss': P_DZ_mix_noH_loss/1000,
+            'P Mix_Hloss/P Pure DZ06': P_DZ_mix_H_loss/P_DZ,
+            'P Mix_no_Hloss/P Pure DZ06': P_DZ_mix_noH_loss/P_DZ,
+            'rho_mix_calc_Hloss': rho_orig_H_loss,
+            'rho_mix_calc_noHloss': rho_orig_no_H_loss,
+            'CO2_dens_gcm3': rho_meas,
+            'T_K': T_K,
+            'XH2O': XH2O})
+
+        return df
+
+
+def calculate_rho_for_P_T_H2O(P_kbar, T_K):
+    """ This function calculates H2O density in g/cm3 for a known Pressure (in kbar), a known T (in K) using the Wanger and Pru (2002) EOS from CoolProp
+    doi:10.1063/1.1461829.
+
+    Parameters
+    ---------------------
+    P_kbar: int, float, pd.Series, np.array
+        Pressure in kbar
+
+    T_K: int, float, pd.Series, np.array
+        Temperature in Kelvin
+
+    Returns
+    --------------------
+    pd.Series
+        H2O density in g/cm3
+
+    """
+# Convert inputs to numpy arrays if they are not already
+    if isinstance(P_kbar, (int, float)):
+        P_kbar = np.array([P_kbar])
+    elif isinstance(P_kbar, (pd.Series, list)):
+        P_kbar = np.array(P_kbar)
+
+    if isinstance(T_K, (int, float)):
+        T_K = np.array([T_K])
+    elif isinstance(T_K, (pd.Series, list)):
+        T_K = np.array(T_K)
+
+    # Ensure both arrays are the same shape
+    P_kbar, T_K = np.broadcast_arrays(P_kbar, T_K)
+
+    P_Pa = P_kbar * 10**8
+
+    try:
+        import CoolProp.CoolProp as cp
+    except ImportError:
+        raise RuntimeError('You havent installed CoolProp, which is required to convert FI densities to pressures. If you have python through conda, run conda install -c conda-forge coolprop in your command line')
+
+    H2O_dens_gcm3 = np.zeros_like(P_kbar, dtype=float)
+
+    non_zero_indices = P_kbar != 0
+    if np.any(non_zero_indices):
+        H2O_dens_gcm3[non_zero_indices] = cp.PropsSI('D', 'P', P_Pa[non_zero_indices], 'T', T_K[non_zero_indices], 'H2O') / 1000
+
+    return pd.Series(H2O_dens_gcm3)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+