zigbee-herdsman 3.5.1 → 4.0.0

package/src/zspec/zdo/buffaloZdo.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,2345 @@
+import Buffalo from "../../buffalo/buffalo";
+import {logger} from "../../utils/logger";
+import {DEFAULT_ENCRYPTION_KEY_SIZE, EUI64_SIZE, EXTENDED_PAN_ID_SIZE, PAN_ID_SIZE} from "../consts";
+import type {ClusterId, Eui64, NodeId, ProfileId} from "../tstypes";
+import * as ZSpecUtils from "../utils";
+import {ClusterId as ZdoClusterId} from "./definition/clusters";
+import {CHALLENGE_VALUE_SIZE, CURVE_PUBLIC_POINT_SIZE, MULTICAST_BINDING, UNICAST_BINDING, ZDO_MESSAGE_OVERHEAD} from "./definition/consts";
+import {GlobalTLV, type LeaveRequestFlags, RoutingTableStatus} from "./definition/enums";
+import {Status} from "./definition/status";
+import type {
+    APSFrameCounterChallengeTLV,
+    APSFrameCounterResponseTLV,
+    ActiveEndpointsResponse,
+    AuthenticationTokenIdTLV,
+    BeaconAppendixEncapsulationGlobalTLV,
+    BeaconSurveyConfigurationTLV,
+    BeaconSurveyResultsTLV,
+    BindingTableEntry,
+    BindingTableResponse,
+    ChallengeResponse,
+    ClearAllBindingsReqEUI64TLV,
+    ConfigurationParametersGlobalTLV,
+    Curve25519PublicPointTLV,
+    DeviceAuthenticationLevelTLV,
+    DeviceCapabilityExtensionGlobalTLV,
+    DeviceEUI64ListTLV,
+    FragmentationParametersGlobalTLV,
+    GetAuthenticationLevelResponse,
+    GetConfigurationResponse,
+    IEEEAddressResponse,
+    JoinerEncapsulationGlobalTLV,
+    LQITableEntry,
+    LQITableResponse,
+    LocalTLVReader,
+    ManufacturerSpecificGlobalTLV,
+    MatchDescriptorsResponse,
+    NetworkAddressResponse,
+    NextChannelChangeGlobalTLV,
+    NextPanIdChangeGlobalTLV,
+    NodeDescriptorResponse,
+    NwkBeaconSurveyResponse,
+    NwkEnhancedUpdateResponse,
+    NwkIEEEJoiningListResponse,
+    NwkUnsolicitedEnhancedUpdateResponse,
+    NwkUpdateResponse,
+    PanIdConflictReportGlobalTLV,
+    ParentAnnounceResponse,
+    PotentialParentsTLV,
+    PowerDescriptorResponse,
+    ProcessingStatusTLV,
+    RequestMap,
+    ResponseMap,
+    RetrieveAuthenticationTokenResponse,
+    RouterInformationGlobalTLV,
+    RoutingTableEntry,
+    RoutingTableResponse,
+    SelectedKeyNegotiationMethodTLV,
+    ServerMask,
+    SetConfigurationResponse,
+    SimpleDescriptorResponse,
+    StartKeyNegotiationResponse,
+    SupportedKeyNegotiationMethodsGlobalTLV,
+    SymmetricPassphraseGlobalTLV,
+    SystemServerDiscoveryResponse,
+    TargetIEEEAddressTLV,
+    Tlv,
+    ValidResponseMap,
+} from "./definition/tstypes";
+import * as Utils from "./utils";
+import {ZdoStatusError} from "./zdoStatusError";
+
+const NS = "zh:zdo:buffalo";
+
+const MAX_BUFFER_SIZE = 255;
+
+export class BuffaloZdo extends Buffalo {
+    /**
+     * Set the position of the internal position tracker.
+     * TODO: move to base `Buffalo` class
+     * @param position
+     */
+    public setPosition(position: number): void {
+        this.position = position;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Set the byte at given position without affecting the internal position tracker.
+     * TODO: move to base `Buffalo` class
+     * @param position
+     * @param value
+     */
+    public setByte(position: number, value: number): void {
+        this.buffer.writeUInt8(value, position);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get the byte at given position without affecting the internal position tracker.
+     * TODO: move to base `Buffalo` class
+     * @param position
+     * @returns
+     */
+    public getByte(position: number): number {
+        return this.buffer.readUInt8(position);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Check if internal buffer has enough bytes to satisfy: (current position + given count).
+     * TODO: move to base `Buffalo` class
+     * @param count
+     * @returns True if has given more bytes
+     */
+    public isMoreBy(count: number): boolean {
+        return this.position + count <= this.buffer.length;
+    }
+
+    //-- GLOBAL TLVS
+
+    private writeManufacturerSpecificGlobalTLV(tlv: ManufacturerSpecificGlobalTLV): void {
+        this.writeUInt16(tlv.zigbeeManufacturerId);
+        this.writeBuffer(tlv.additionalData, tlv.additionalData.length);
+    }
+
+    private readManufacturerSpecificGlobalTLV(length: number): ManufacturerSpecificGlobalTLV {
+        logger.debug(`readManufacturerSpecificGlobalTLV with length=${length}`, NS);
+        if (length < 2) {
+            throw new Error(`Malformed TLV. Invalid length '${length}', expected at least 2.`);
+        }
+
+        const zigbeeManufacturerId = this.readUInt16();
+        const additionalData = this.readBuffer(length - 2);
+
+        return {
+            zigbeeManufacturerId,
+            additionalData,
+        };
+    }
+
+    private writeSupportedKeyNegotiationMethodsGlobalTLV(tlv: SupportedKeyNegotiationMethodsGlobalTLV): void {
+        this.writeUInt8(tlv.keyNegotiationProtocolsBitmask);
+        this.writeUInt8(tlv.preSharedSecretsBitmask);
+
+        if (tlv.sourceDeviceEui64) {
+            this.writeIeeeAddr(tlv.sourceDeviceEui64);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private readSupportedKeyNegotiationMethodsGlobalTLV(length: number): SupportedKeyNegotiationMethodsGlobalTLV {
+        logger.debug(`readSupportedKeyNegotiationMethodsGlobalTLV with length=${length}`, NS);
+        if (length < 2) {
+            throw new Error(`Malformed TLV. Invalid length '${length}', expected at least 2.`);
+        }
+
+        const keyNegotiationProtocolsBitmask = this.readUInt8();
+        const preSharedSecretsBitmask = this.readUInt8();
+        let sourceDeviceEui64: SupportedKeyNegotiationMethodsGlobalTLV["sourceDeviceEui64"];
+
+        if (length >= 2 + EUI64_SIZE) {
+            sourceDeviceEui64 = this.readIeeeAddr();
+        }
+
+        return {
+            keyNegotiationProtocolsBitmask,
+            preSharedSecretsBitmask,
+            sourceDeviceEui64,
+        };
+    }
+
+    private writePanIdConflictReportGlobalTLV(tlv: PanIdConflictReportGlobalTLV): void {
+        this.writeUInt16(tlv.nwkPanIdConflictCount);
+    }
+
+    private readPanIdConflictReportGlobalTLV(length: number): PanIdConflictReportGlobalTLV {
+        logger.debug(`readPanIdConflictReportGlobalTLV with length=${length}`, NS);
+        if (length < 2) {
+            throw new Error(`Malformed TLV. Invalid length '${length}', expected at least 2.`);
+        }
+
+        const nwkPanIdConflictCount = this.readUInt16();
+
+        return {
+            nwkPanIdConflictCount,
+        };
+    }
+
+    private writeNextPanIdChangeGlobalTLV(tlv: NextPanIdChangeGlobalTLV): void {
+        this.writeUInt16(tlv.panId);
+    }
+
+    private readNextPanIdChangeGlobalTLV(length: number): NextPanIdChangeGlobalTLV {
+        logger.debug(`readNextPanIdChangeGlobalTLV with length=${length}`, NS);
+        if (length < PAN_ID_SIZE) {
+            throw new Error(`Malformed TLV. Invalid length '${length}', expected at least ${PAN_ID_SIZE}.`);
+        }
+
+        const panId = this.readUInt16();
+
+        return {
+            panId,
+        };
+    }
+
+    private writeNextChannelChangeGlobalTLV(tlv: NextChannelChangeGlobalTLV): void {
+        this.writeUInt32(tlv.channel);
+    }
+
+    private readNextChannelChangeGlobalTLV(length: number): NextChannelChangeGlobalTLV {
+        logger.debug(`readNextChannelChangeGlobalTLV with length=${length}`, NS);
+        if (length < 4) {
+            throw new Error(`Malformed TLV. Invalid length '${length}', expected at least 4.`);
+        }
+
+        const channel = this.readUInt32();
+
+        return {
+            channel,
+        };
+    }
+
+    private writeSymmetricPassphraseGlobalTLV(tlv: SymmetricPassphraseGlobalTLV): void {
+        this.writeBuffer(tlv.passphrase, DEFAULT_ENCRYPTION_KEY_SIZE);
+    }
+
+    private readSymmetricPassphraseGlobalTLV(length: number): SymmetricPassphraseGlobalTLV {
+        logger.debug(`readSymmetricPassphraseGlobalTLV with length=${length}`, NS);
+        if (length < DEFAULT_ENCRYPTION_KEY_SIZE) {
+            throw new Error(`Malformed TLV. Invalid length '${length}', expected at least ${DEFAULT_ENCRYPTION_KEY_SIZE}.`);
+        }
+
+        const passphrase = this.readBuffer(DEFAULT_ENCRYPTION_KEY_SIZE);
+
+        return {
+            passphrase,
+        };
+    }
+
+    private writeRouterInformationGlobalTLV(tlv: RouterInformationGlobalTLV): void {
+        this.writeUInt16(tlv.bitmask);
+    }
+
+    private readRouterInformationGlobalTLV(length: number): RouterInformationGlobalTLV {
+        logger.debug(`readRouterInformationGlobalTLV with length=${length}`, NS);
+        if (length < 2) {
+            throw new Error(`Malformed TLV. Invalid length '${length}', expected at least 2.`);
+        }
+
+        const bitmask = this.readUInt16();
+
+        return {
+            bitmask,
+        };
+    }
+
+    private writeFragmentationParametersGlobalTLV(tlv: FragmentationParametersGlobalTLV): void {
+        this.writeUInt16(tlv.nwkAddress);
+
+        if (tlv.fragmentationOptions !== undefined) {
+            this.writeUInt8(tlv.fragmentationOptions);
+        }
+
+        if (tlv.maxIncomingTransferUnit !== undefined) {
+            this.writeUInt16(tlv.maxIncomingTransferUnit);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private readFragmentationParametersGlobalTLV(length: number): FragmentationParametersGlobalTLV {
+        logger.debug(`readFragmentationParametersGlobalTLV with length=${length}`, NS);
+        if (length < 2) {
+            throw new Error(`Malformed TLV. Invalid length '${length}', expected at least 2.`);
+        }
+
+        const nwkAddress = this.readUInt16();
+        let fragmentationOptions: FragmentationParametersGlobalTLV["fragmentationOptions"];
+        let maxIncomingTransferUnit: FragmentationParametersGlobalTLV["maxIncomingTransferUnit"];
+
+        if (length >= 3) {
+            fragmentationOptions = this.readUInt8();
+        }
+
+        if (length >= 5) {
+            maxIncomingTransferUnit = this.readUInt16();
+        }
+
+        return {
+            nwkAddress,
+            fragmentationOptions,
+            maxIncomingTransferUnit,
+        };
+    }
+
+    private writeJoinerEncapsulationGlobalTLV(encapsulationTLV: JoinerEncapsulationGlobalTLV): void {
+        this.writeGlobalTLVs(encapsulationTLV.additionalTLVs);
+    }
+
+    private readJoinerEncapsulationGlobalTLV(length: number): JoinerEncapsulationGlobalTLV {
+        logger.debug(`readJoinerEncapsulationGlobalTLV with length=${length}`, NS);
+        // at least the length of tagId+length for first encapsulated tlv, doesn't make sense otherwise
+        if (length < 2) {
+            throw new Error(`Malformed TLV. Invalid length '${length}', expected at least 2.`);
+        }
+
+        const encapsulationBuffalo = new BuffaloZdo(this.readBuffer(length));
+        const additionalTLVs = encapsulationBuffalo.readTLVs(undefined, true);
+
+        return {
+            additionalTLVs,
+        };
+    }
+
+    private writeBeaconAppendixEncapsulationGlobalTLV(encapsulationTLV: BeaconAppendixEncapsulationGlobalTLV): void {
+        this.writeGlobalTLVs(encapsulationTLV.additionalTLVs);
+    }
+
+    private readBeaconAppendixEncapsulationGlobalTLV(length: number): BeaconAppendixEncapsulationGlobalTLV {
+        logger.debug(`readBeaconAppendixEncapsulationGlobalTLV with length=${length}`, NS);
+        // at least the length of tagId+length for first encapsulated tlv, doesn't make sense otherwise
+        if (length < 2) {
+            throw new Error(`Malformed TLV. Invalid length '${length}', expected at least 2.`);
+        }
+
+        const encapsulationBuffalo = new BuffaloZdo(this.readBuffer(length));
+        // Global: SupportedKeyNegotiationMethodsGlobalTLV
+        // Global: FragmentationParametersGlobalTLV
+        const additionalTLVs = encapsulationBuffalo.readTLVs(undefined, true);
+
+        return {
+            additionalTLVs,
+        };
+    }
+
+    private writeConfigurationParametersGlobalTLV(configurationParameters: ConfigurationParametersGlobalTLV): void {
+        this.writeUInt16(configurationParameters.configurationParameters);
+    }
+
+    private readConfigurationParametersGlobalTLV(length: number): ConfigurationParametersGlobalTLV {
+        logger.debug(`readConfigurationParametersGlobalTLV with length=${length}`, NS);
+        if (length < 2) {
+            throw new Error(`Malformed TLV. Invalid length '${length}', expected at least 2.`);
+        }
+
+        const configurationParameters = this.readUInt16();
+
+        return {
+            configurationParameters,
+        };
+    }
+
+    private writeDeviceCapabilityExtensionGlobalTLV(tlv: DeviceCapabilityExtensionGlobalTLV): void {
+        this.writeBuffer(tlv.data, tlv.data.length);
+    }
+
+    private readDeviceCapabilityExtensionGlobalTLV(length: number): DeviceCapabilityExtensionGlobalTLV {
+        logger.debug(`readDeviceCapabilityExtensionGlobalTLV with length=${length}`, NS);
+        const data = this.readBuffer(length);
+
+        return {
+            data,
+        };
+    }
+
+    public writeGlobalTLV(tlv: Tlv): void {
+        this.writeUInt8(tlv.tagId);
+        this.writeUInt8(tlv.length - 1); // remove offset (spec quirk...)
+
+        switch (tlv.tagId) {
+            case GlobalTLV.MANUFACTURER_SPECIFIC: {
+                this.writeManufacturerSpecificGlobalTLV(tlv.tlv as ManufacturerSpecificGlobalTLV);
+                break;
+            }
+            case GlobalTLV.SUPPORTED_KEY_NEGOTIATION_METHODS: {
+                this.writeSupportedKeyNegotiationMethodsGlobalTLV(tlv.tlv as SupportedKeyNegotiationMethodsGlobalTLV);
+                break;
+            }
+            case GlobalTLV.PAN_ID_CONFLICT_REPORT: {
+                this.writePanIdConflictReportGlobalTLV(tlv.tlv as PanIdConflictReportGlobalTLV);
+                break;
+            }
+            case GlobalTLV.NEXT_PAN_ID_CHANGE: {
+                this.writeNextPanIdChangeGlobalTLV(tlv.tlv as NextPanIdChangeGlobalTLV);
+                break;
+            }
+            case GlobalTLV.NEXT_CHANNEL_CHANGE: {
+                this.writeNextChannelChangeGlobalTLV(tlv.tlv as NextChannelChangeGlobalTLV);
+                break;
+            }
+            case GlobalTLV.SYMMETRIC_PASSPHRASE: {
+                this.writeSymmetricPassphraseGlobalTLV(tlv.tlv as SymmetricPassphraseGlobalTLV);
+                break;
+            }
+            case GlobalTLV.ROUTER_INFORMATION: {
+                this.writeRouterInformationGlobalTLV(tlv.tlv as RouterInformationGlobalTLV);
+                break;
+            }
+            case GlobalTLV.FRAGMENTATION_PARAMETERS: {
+                this.writeFragmentationParametersGlobalTLV(tlv.tlv as FragmentationParametersGlobalTLV);
+                break;
+            }
+            case GlobalTLV.JOINER_ENCAPSULATION: {
+                this.writeJoinerEncapsulationGlobalTLV(tlv.tlv as JoinerEncapsulationGlobalTLV);
+                break;
+            }
+            case GlobalTLV.BEACON_APPENDIX_ENCAPSULATION: {
+                this.writeBeaconAppendixEncapsulationGlobalTLV(tlv.tlv as BeaconAppendixEncapsulationGlobalTLV);
+                break;
+            }
+            case GlobalTLV.CONFIGURATION_PARAMETERS: {
+                this.writeConfigurationParametersGlobalTLV(tlv.tlv as ConfigurationParametersGlobalTLV);
+                break;
+            }
+            case GlobalTLV.DEVICE_CAPABILITY_EXTENSION: {
+                this.writeDeviceCapabilityExtensionGlobalTLV(tlv.tlv as DeviceCapabilityExtensionGlobalTLV);
+                break;
+            }
+            default: {
+                throw new ZdoStatusError(Status.NOT_SUPPORTED);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public readGlobalTLV(tagId: number, length: number): Tlv["tlv"] | undefined {
+        switch (tagId) {
+            case GlobalTLV.MANUFACTURER_SPECIFIC: {
+                return this.readManufacturerSpecificGlobalTLV(length);
+            }
+            case GlobalTLV.SUPPORTED_KEY_NEGOTIATION_METHODS: {
+                return this.readSupportedKeyNegotiationMethodsGlobalTLV(length);
+            }
+            case GlobalTLV.PAN_ID_CONFLICT_REPORT: {
+                return this.readPanIdConflictReportGlobalTLV(length);
+            }
+            case GlobalTLV.NEXT_PAN_ID_CHANGE: {
+                return this.readNextPanIdChangeGlobalTLV(length);
+            }
+            case GlobalTLV.NEXT_CHANNEL_CHANGE: {
+                return this.readNextChannelChangeGlobalTLV(length);
+            }
+            case GlobalTLV.SYMMETRIC_PASSPHRASE: {
+                return this.readSymmetricPassphraseGlobalTLV(length);
+            }
+            case GlobalTLV.ROUTER_INFORMATION: {
+                return this.readRouterInformationGlobalTLV(length);
+            }
+            case GlobalTLV.FRAGMENTATION_PARAMETERS: {
+                return this.readFragmentationParametersGlobalTLV(length);
+            }
+            case GlobalTLV.JOINER_ENCAPSULATION: {
+                return this.readJoinerEncapsulationGlobalTLV(length);
+            }
+            case GlobalTLV.BEACON_APPENDIX_ENCAPSULATION: {
+                return this.readBeaconAppendixEncapsulationGlobalTLV(length);
+            }
+            case GlobalTLV.CONFIGURATION_PARAMETERS: {
+                return this.readConfigurationParametersGlobalTLV(length);
+            }
+            case GlobalTLV.DEVICE_CAPABILITY_EXTENSION: {
+                return this.readDeviceCapabilityExtensionGlobalTLV(length);
+            }
+            default: {
+                // validation: unknown tag shall be ignored
+                return undefined;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public writeGlobalTLVs(tlvs: Tlv[]): void {
+        for (const tlv of tlvs) {
+            this.writeGlobalTLV(tlv);
+        }
+    }
+
+    //-- LOCAL TLVS
+
+    // write only
+    // private readBeaconSurveyConfigurationTLV(length: number): BeaconSurveyConfigurationTLV {
+    //     logger.debug(`readBeaconSurveyConfigurationTLV with length=${length}`, NS);
+    //     const count = this.readUInt8();
+
+    //     if (length !== (1 + (count * 4) + 1)) {
+    //         throw new Error(`Malformed TLV. Invalid length '${length}', expected ${(1 + (count * 4) + 1)}.`);
+    //     }
+
+    //     const scanChannelList = this.readListUInt32(count);
+    //     const configurationBitmask = this.readUInt8();
+
+    //     return {
+    //         scanChannelList,
+    //         configurationBitmask,
+    //     };
+    // }
+
+    private readCurve25519PublicPointTLV(length: number): Curve25519PublicPointTLV {
+        logger.debug(`readCurve25519PublicPointTLV with length=${length}`, NS);
+        if (length !== EUI64_SIZE + CURVE_PUBLIC_POINT_SIZE) {
+            throw new Error(`Malformed TLV. Invalid length '${length}', expected ${EUI64_SIZE + CURVE_PUBLIC_POINT_SIZE}.`);
+        }
+
+        const eui64 = this.readIeeeAddr();
+        const publicPoint = this.readBuffer(CURVE_PUBLIC_POINT_SIZE);
+
+        return {
+            eui64,
+            publicPoint,
+        };
+    }
+
+    // write only
+    // private readTargetIEEEAddressTLV(length: number): TargetIEEEAddressTLV {
+    //     logger.debug(`readTargetIEEEAddressTLV with length=${length}`, NS);
+    //     if (length !== EUI64_SIZE) {
+    //         throw new Error(`Malformed TLV. Invalid length '${length}', expected ${EUI64_SIZE}.`);
+    //     }
+
+    //     const ieee = this.readIeeeAddr();
+
+    //     return {
+    //         ieee,
+    //     };
+    // }
+
+    // write only
+    // private readSelectedKeyNegotiationMethodTLV(length: number): SelectedKeyNegotiationMethodTLV {
+    //     logger.debug(`readSelectedKeyNegotiationMethodTLV with length=${length}`, NS);
+    //     if (length !== 10) {
+    //         throw new Error(`Malformed TLV. Invalid length '${length}', expected 10.`);
+    //     }
+
+    //     const protocol = this.readUInt8();
+    //     const presharedSecret = this.readUInt8();
+    //     const sendingDeviceEui64 = this.readIeeeAddr();
+
+    //     return {
+    //         protocol,
+    //         presharedSecret,
+    //         sendingDeviceEui64,
+    //     };
+    // }
+
+    // write only
+    // private readDeviceEUI64ListTLV(length: number): DeviceEUI64ListTLV {
+    //     logger.debug(`readDeviceEUI64ListTLV with length=${length}`, NS);
+    //     const count = this.readUInt8();
+
+    //     if (length !== (1 + (count * EUI64_SIZE))) {
+    //         throw new Error(`Malformed TLV. Invalid length '${length}', expected ${(1 + (count * EUI64_SIZE))}.`);
+    //     }
+
+    //     const eui64List: DeviceEUI64ListTLV['eui64List'] = [];
+
+    //     for (let i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+    //         const eui64 = this.readIeeeAddr();
+
+    //         eui64List.push(eui64);
+    //     }
+
+    //     return {
+    //         eui64List,
+    //     };
+    // }
+
+    private readAPSFrameCounterResponseTLV(length: number): APSFrameCounterResponseTLV {
+        logger.debug(`readAPSFrameCounterResponseTLV with length=${length}`, NS);
+        if (length !== 32) {
+            throw new Error(`Malformed TLV. Invalid length '${length}', expected 32.`);
+        }
+
+        const responderEui64 = this.readIeeeAddr();
+        const receivedChallengeValue = this.readBuffer(CHALLENGE_VALUE_SIZE);
+        const apsFrameCounter = this.readUInt32();
+        const challengeSecurityFrameCounter = this.readUInt32();
+        const mic = this.readBuffer(8);
+
+        return {
+            responderEui64,
+            receivedChallengeValue,
+            apsFrameCounter,
+            challengeSecurityFrameCounter,
+            mic,
+        };
+    }
+
+    private readBeaconSurveyResultsTLV(length: number): BeaconSurveyResultsTLV {
+        logger.debug(`readBeaconSurveyResultsTLV with length=${length}`, NS);
+        if (length !== 4) {
+            throw new Error(`Malformed TLV. Invalid length '${length}', expected 4.`);
+        }
+
+        const totalBeaconsReceived = this.readUInt8();
+        const onNetworkBeacons = this.readUInt8();
+        const potentialParentBeacons = this.readUInt8();
+        const otherNetworkBeacons = this.readUInt8();
+
+        return {
+            totalBeaconsReceived,
+            onNetworkBeacons,
+            potentialParentBeacons,
+            otherNetworkBeacons,
+        };
+    }
+
+    private readPotentialParentsTLV(length: number): PotentialParentsTLV {
+        logger.debug(`readPotentialParentsTLV with length=${length}`, NS);
+        if (length < 4) {
+            throw new Error(`Malformed TLV. Invalid length '${length}', expected at least 4.`);
+        }
+
+        const currentParentNwkAddress = this.readUInt16();
+        const currentParentLQA = this.readUInt8();
+        // [0x00 - 0x05]
+        const entryCount = this.readUInt8();
+
+        if (length !== 4 + entryCount * 3) {
+            throw new Error(`Malformed TLV. Invalid length '${length}', expected ${4 + entryCount * 3}.`);
+        }
+
+        const potentialParents: PotentialParentsTLV["potentialParents"] = [];
+
+        for (let i = 0; i < entryCount; i++) {
+            const nwkAddress = this.readUInt16();
+            const lqa = this.readUInt8();
+
+            potentialParents.push({
+                nwkAddress,
+                lqa,
+            });
+        }
+
+        return {
+            currentParentNwkAddress,
+            currentParentLQA,
+            entryCount,
+            potentialParents,
+        };
+    }
+
+    private readDeviceAuthenticationLevelTLV(length: number): DeviceAuthenticationLevelTLV {
+        logger.debug(`readDeviceAuthenticationLevelTLV with length=${length}`, NS);
+        if (length !== 10) {
+            throw new Error(`Malformed TLV. Invalid length '${length}', expected 10.`);
+        }
+
+        const remoteNodeIeee = this.readIeeeAddr();
+        const initialJoinMethod = this.readUInt8();
+        const activeLinkKeyType = this.readUInt8();
+
+        return {
+            remoteNodeIeee,
+            initialJoinMethod,
+            activeLinkKeyType,
+        };
+    }
+
+    private readProcessingStatusTLV(length: number): ProcessingStatusTLV {
+        logger.debug(`readProcessingStatusTLV with length=${length}`, NS);
+        const count = this.readUInt8();
+
+        if (length !== 1 + count * 2) {
+            throw new Error(`Malformed TLV. Invalid length '${length}', expected ${1 + count * 2}.`);
+        }
+
+        const tlvs: ProcessingStatusTLV["tlvs"] = [];
+
+        for (let i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+            const tagId = this.readUInt8();
+            const processingStatus = this.readUInt8();
+
+            tlvs.push({
+                tagId,
+                processingStatus,
+            });
+        }
+
+        return {
+            count,
+            tlvs,
+        };
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * ANNEX I ZIGBEE TLV DEFINITIONS AND FORMAT
+     *
+     * Unknown tags => TLV ignored
+     * Duplicate tags => reject message except for MANUFACTURER_SPECIFIC_GLOBAL_TLV
+     * Malformed TLVs => reject message
+     *
+     * @param localTLVReaders Mapping of tagID to local TLV reader function
+     * @param encapsulated Default false. If true, this is reading inside an encapsuled TLV (excludes further encapsulation)
+     * @returns
+     */
+    public readTLVs(localTLVReaders?: Map<number, LocalTLVReader>, encapsulated = false): Tlv[] {
+        const tlvs: Tlv[] = [];
+
+        while (this.isMore()) {
+            const tagId = this.readUInt8();
+
+            // validation: cannot have duplicate tagId, except MANUFACTURER_SPECIFIC_GLOBAL_TLV
+            if (tagId !== GlobalTLV.MANUFACTURER_SPECIFIC && tlvs.findIndex((tlv) => tlv.tagId === tagId) !== -1) {
+                throw new Error(`Duplicate tag. Cannot have more than one of tagId=${tagId}.`);
+            }
+
+            // validation: encapsulation TLV cannot contain another encapsulation TLV, outer considered malformed, reject message
+            if (encapsulated && (tagId === GlobalTLV.BEACON_APPENDIX_ENCAPSULATION || tagId === GlobalTLV.JOINER_ENCAPSULATION)) {
+                throw new Error(`Invalid nested encapsulation for tagId=${tagId}.`);
+            }
+
+            const length = this.readUInt8() + 1; // add offset (spec quirk...)
+
+            // validation: invalid if not at least ${length} bytes to read
+            if (!this.isMoreBy(length)) {
+                throw new Error(`Malformed TLV. Invalid data length for tagId=${tagId}, expected ${length}.`);
+            }
+
+            const nextTLVStart = this.getPosition() + length;
+            // undefined == unknown tag
+            let tlv: Tlv["tlv"] | undefined;
+
+            if (tagId < GlobalTLV.MANUFACTURER_SPECIFIC) {
+                if (localTLVReaders) {
+                    const localTLVReader = localTLVReaders.get(tagId);
+
+                    if (localTLVReader) {
+                        tlv = localTLVReader.call(this, length);
+                        /* v8 ignore start */
+                    } else {
+                        logger.debug(`Local TLV found tagId=${tagId} but no reader given for it. Ignoring it.`, NS);
+                    }
+                    /* v8 ignore stop */
+                    /* v8 ignore start */
+                } else {
+                    logger.debug(`Local TLV found tagId=${tagId} but no reader available. Ignoring it.`, NS);
+                }
+                /* v8 ignore stop */
+            } else {
+                tlv = this.readGlobalTLV(tagId, length);
+            }
+
+            // validation: unknown tag shall be ignored
+            if (tlv) {
+                tlvs.push({
+                    tagId,
+                    length,
+                    tlv,
+                });
+            } else {
+                logger.debug(`Unknown TLV tagId=${tagId}. Ignoring it.`, NS);
+            }
+
+            // ensure we're at the right position as dictated by the tlv length field, and not the tlv reader (should be the same if proper)
+            this.setPosition(nextTLVStart);
+        }
+
+        return tlvs;
+    }
+
+    //-- REQUESTS
+
+    public static buildRequest<K extends keyof RequestMap>(hasZdoMessageOverhead: boolean, clusterId: K, ...args: RequestMap[K]): Buffer {
+        const buffalo = new BuffaloZdo(Buffer.alloc(MAX_BUFFER_SIZE), hasZdoMessageOverhead ? ZDO_MESSAGE_OVERHEAD : 0);
+
+        switch (clusterId) {
+            case ZdoClusterId.NETWORK_ADDRESS_REQUEST: {
+                return buffalo.buildNetworkAddressRequest(...(args as RequestMap[ZdoClusterId.NETWORK_ADDRESS_REQUEST]));
+            }
+
+            case ZdoClusterId.IEEE_ADDRESS_REQUEST: {
+                return buffalo.buildIeeeAddressRequest(...(args as RequestMap[ZdoClusterId.IEEE_ADDRESS_REQUEST]));
+            }
+
+            case ZdoClusterId.NODE_DESCRIPTOR_REQUEST: {
+                return buffalo.buildNodeDescriptorRequest(...(args as RequestMap[ZdoClusterId.NODE_DESCRIPTOR_REQUEST]));
+            }
+
+            case ZdoClusterId.POWER_DESCRIPTOR_REQUEST: {
+                return buffalo.buildPowerDescriptorRequest(...(args as RequestMap[ZdoClusterId.POWER_DESCRIPTOR_REQUEST]));
+            }
+
+            case ZdoClusterId.SIMPLE_DESCRIPTOR_REQUEST: {
+                return buffalo.buildSimpleDescriptorRequest(...(args as RequestMap[ZdoClusterId.SIMPLE_DESCRIPTOR_REQUEST]));
+            }
+
+            case ZdoClusterId.ACTIVE_ENDPOINTS_REQUEST: {
+                return buffalo.buildActiveEndpointsRequest(...(args as RequestMap[ZdoClusterId.ACTIVE_ENDPOINTS_REQUEST]));
+            }
+
+            case ZdoClusterId.MATCH_DESCRIPTORS_REQUEST: {
+                return buffalo.buildMatchDescriptorRequest(...(args as RequestMap[ZdoClusterId.MATCH_DESCRIPTORS_REQUEST]));
+            }
+
+            case ZdoClusterId.SYSTEM_SERVER_DISCOVERY_REQUEST: {
+                return buffalo.buildSystemServiceDiscoveryRequest(...(args as RequestMap[ZdoClusterId.SYSTEM_SERVER_DISCOVERY_REQUEST]));
+            }
+
+            case ZdoClusterId.PARENT_ANNOUNCE: {
+                return buffalo.buildParentAnnounce(...(args as RequestMap[ZdoClusterId.PARENT_ANNOUNCE]));
+            }
+
+            case ZdoClusterId.BIND_REQUEST: {
+                return buffalo.buildBindRequest(...(args as RequestMap[ZdoClusterId.BIND_REQUEST]));
+            }
+
+            case ZdoClusterId.UNBIND_REQUEST: {
+                return buffalo.buildUnbindRequest(...(args as RequestMap[ZdoClusterId.UNBIND_REQUEST]));
+            }
+
+            case ZdoClusterId.CLEAR_ALL_BINDINGS_REQUEST: {
+                return buffalo.buildClearAllBindingsRequest(...(args as RequestMap[ZdoClusterId.CLEAR_ALL_BINDINGS_REQUEST]));
+            }
+
+            case ZdoClusterId.LQI_TABLE_REQUEST: {
+                return buffalo.buildLqiTableRequest(...(args as RequestMap[ZdoClusterId.LQI_TABLE_REQUEST]));
+            }
+
+            case ZdoClusterId.ROUTING_TABLE_REQUEST: {
+                return buffalo.buildRoutingTableRequest(...(args as RequestMap[ZdoClusterId.ROUTING_TABLE_REQUEST]));
+            }
+
+            case ZdoClusterId.BINDING_TABLE_REQUEST: {
+                return buffalo.buildBindingTableRequest(...(args as RequestMap[ZdoClusterId.BINDING_TABLE_REQUEST]));
+            }
+
+            case ZdoClusterId.LEAVE_REQUEST: {
+                return buffalo.buildLeaveRequest(...(args as RequestMap[ZdoClusterId.LEAVE_REQUEST]));
+            }
+
+            case ZdoClusterId.PERMIT_JOINING_REQUEST: {
+                return buffalo.buildPermitJoining(...(args as RequestMap[ZdoClusterId.PERMIT_JOINING_REQUEST]));
+            }
+
+            case ZdoClusterId.NWK_UPDATE_REQUEST: {
+                return buffalo.buildNwkUpdateRequest(...(args as RequestMap[ZdoClusterId.NWK_UPDATE_REQUEST]));
+            }
+
+            case ZdoClusterId.NWK_ENHANCED_UPDATE_REQUEST: {
+                return buffalo.buildNwkEnhancedUpdateRequest(...(args as RequestMap[ZdoClusterId.NWK_ENHANCED_UPDATE_REQUEST]));
+            }
+
+            case ZdoClusterId.NWK_IEEE_JOINING_LIST_REQUEST: {
+                return buffalo.buildNwkIEEEJoiningListRequest(...(args as RequestMap[ZdoClusterId.NWK_IEEE_JOINING_LIST_REQUEST]));
+            }
+
+            case ZdoClusterId.NWK_BEACON_SURVEY_REQUEST: {
+                return buffalo.buildNwkBeaconSurveyRequest(...(args as RequestMap[ZdoClusterId.NWK_BEACON_SURVEY_REQUEST]));
+            }
+
+            case ZdoClusterId.START_KEY_NEGOTIATION_REQUEST: {
+                return buffalo.buildStartKeyNegotiationRequest(...(args as RequestMap[ZdoClusterId.START_KEY_NEGOTIATION_REQUEST]));
+            }
+
+            case ZdoClusterId.RETRIEVE_AUTHENTICATION_TOKEN_REQUEST: {
+                return buffalo.buildRetrieveAuthenticationTokenRequest(...(args as RequestMap[ZdoClusterId.RETRIEVE_AUTHENTICATION_TOKEN_REQUEST]));
+            }
+
+            case ZdoClusterId.GET_AUTHENTICATION_LEVEL_REQUEST: {
+                return buffalo.buildGetAuthenticationLevelRequest(...(args as RequestMap[ZdoClusterId.GET_AUTHENTICATION_LEVEL_REQUEST]));
+            }
+
+            case ZdoClusterId.SET_CONFIGURATION_REQUEST: {
+                return buffalo.buildSetConfigurationRequest(...(args as RequestMap[ZdoClusterId.SET_CONFIGURATION_REQUEST]));
+            }
+
+            case ZdoClusterId.GET_CONFIGURATION_REQUEST: {
+                return buffalo.buildGetConfigurationRequest(...(args as RequestMap[ZdoClusterId.GET_CONFIGURATION_REQUEST]));
+            }
+
+            case ZdoClusterId.START_KEY_UPDATE_REQUEST: {
+                return buffalo.buildStartKeyUpdateRequest(...(args as RequestMap[ZdoClusterId.START_KEY_UPDATE_REQUEST]));
+            }
+
+            case ZdoClusterId.DECOMMISSION_REQUEST: {
+                return buffalo.buildDecommissionRequest(...(args as RequestMap[ZdoClusterId.DECOMMISSION_REQUEST]));
+            }
+
+            case ZdoClusterId.CHALLENGE_REQUEST: {
+                return buffalo.buildChallengeRequest(...(args as RequestMap[ZdoClusterId.CHALLENGE_REQUEST]));
+            }
+
+            default: {
+                throw new Error(`Unsupported request building for cluster ID '${clusterId}'.`);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see ClusterId.NETWORK_ADDRESS_REQUEST
+     * @param target IEEE address for the request
+     * @param reportKids True to request that the target list their children in the response. [request type = 0x01]
+     * @param childStartIndex The index of the first child to list in the response. Ignored if reportKids is false.
+     */
+    private buildNetworkAddressRequest(target: Eui64, reportKids: boolean, childStartIndex: number): Buffer {
+        this.writeIeeeAddr(target);
+        this.writeUInt8(reportKids ? 1 : 0);
+        this.writeUInt8(childStartIndex);
+
+        return this.getWritten();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see ClusterId.IEEE_ADDRESS_REQUEST
+     * Can be sent to target, or to another node that will send to target.
+     * @param target NWK address for the request
+     * @param reportKids True to request that the target list their children in the response. [request type = 0x01]
+     * @param childStartIndex The index of the first child to list in the response. Ignored if reportKids is false.
+     */
+    private buildIeeeAddressRequest(target: NodeId, reportKids: boolean, childStartIndex: number): Buffer {
+        this.writeUInt16(target);
+        this.writeUInt8(reportKids ? 1 : 0);
+        this.writeUInt8(childStartIndex);
+
+        return this.getWritten();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see ClusterId.NODE_DESCRIPTOR_REQUEST
+     * @param target NWK address for the request
+     */
+    private buildNodeDescriptorRequest(target: NodeId, fragmentationParameters?: FragmentationParametersGlobalTLV): Buffer {
+        this.writeUInt16(target);
+
+        if (fragmentationParameters) {
+            let length = 2;
+
+            if (fragmentationParameters.fragmentationOptions) {
+                length += 1;
+            }
+
+            if (fragmentationParameters.maxIncomingTransferUnit) {
+                length += 2;
+            }
+
+            this.writeGlobalTLV({tagId: GlobalTLV.FRAGMENTATION_PARAMETERS, length, tlv: fragmentationParameters});
+        }
+
+        return this.getWritten();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see ClusterId.POWER_DESCRIPTOR_REQUEST
+     * @param target NWK address for the request
+     */
+    private buildPowerDescriptorRequest(target: NodeId): Buffer {
+        this.writeUInt16(target);
+
+        return this.getWritten();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see ClusterId.SIMPLE_DESCRIPTOR_REQUEST
+     * @param target NWK address for the request
+     * @param targetEndpoint The endpoint on the destination
+     */
+    private buildSimpleDescriptorRequest(target: NodeId, targetEndpoint: number): Buffer {
+        this.writeUInt16(target);
+        this.writeUInt8(targetEndpoint);
+
+        return this.getWritten();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see ClusterId.ACTIVE_ENDPOINTS_REQUEST
+     * @param target NWK address for the request
+     */
+    private buildActiveEndpointsRequest(target: NodeId): Buffer {
+        this.writeUInt16(target);
+
+        return this.getWritten();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see ClusterId.MATCH_DESCRIPTORS_REQUEST
+     * @param target NWK address for the request
+     * @param profileId Profile ID to be matched at the destination
+     * @param inClusterList List of Input ClusterIDs to be used for matching
+     * @param outClusterList List of Output ClusterIDs to be used for matching
+     */
+    private buildMatchDescriptorRequest(target: NodeId, profileId: ProfileId, inClusterList: ClusterId[], outClusterList: ClusterId[]): Buffer {
+        this.writeUInt16(target);
+        this.writeUInt16(profileId);
+        this.writeUInt8(inClusterList.length);
+        this.writeListUInt16(inClusterList);
+        this.writeUInt8(outClusterList.length);
+        this.writeListUInt16(outClusterList);
+
+        return this.getWritten();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see ClusterId.SYSTEM_SERVER_DISCOVERY_REQUEST
+     * @param serverMask See Table 2-34 for bit assignments.
+     */
+    private buildSystemServiceDiscoveryRequest(serverMask: ServerMask): Buffer {
+        this.writeUInt16(Utils.createServerMask(serverMask));
+
+        return this.getWritten();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see ClusterId.PARENT_ANNOUNCE
+     * @param children The IEEE addresses of the children bound to the parent.
+     */
+    private buildParentAnnounce(children: Eui64[]): Buffer {
+        this.writeUInt8(children.length);
+
+        for (const child of children) {
+            this.writeIeeeAddr(child);
+        }
+
+        return this.getWritten();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see ClusterId.BIND_REQUEST
+     *
+     * @param source The IEEE address for the source.
+     * @param sourceEndpoint The source endpoint for the binding entry.
+     * @param clusterId The identifier of the cluster on the source device that is bound to the destination.
+     * @param type The addressing mode for the destination address used in this command, either ::UNICAST_BINDING, ::MULTICAST_BINDING.
+     * @param destination The destination address for the binding entry. IEEE for ::UNICAST_BINDING.
+     * @param groupAddress The destination address for the binding entry. Group ID for ::MULTICAST_BINDING.
+     * @param destinationEndpoint The destination endpoint for the binding entry. Only if ::UNICAST_BINDING.
+     */
+    private buildBindRequest(
+        source: Eui64,
+        sourceEndpoint: number,
+        clusterId: ClusterId,
+        type: number,
+        destination: Eui64,
+        groupAddress: number,
+        destinationEndpoint: number,
+    ): Buffer {
+        this.writeIeeeAddr(source);
+        this.writeUInt8(sourceEndpoint);
+        this.writeUInt16(clusterId);
+        this.writeUInt8(type);
+
+        switch (type) {
+            case UNICAST_BINDING: {
+                this.writeIeeeAddr(destination);
+                this.writeUInt8(destinationEndpoint);
+                break;
+            }
+            case MULTICAST_BINDING: {
+                this.writeUInt16(groupAddress);
+                break;
+            }
+            default:
+                throw new ZdoStatusError(Status.NOT_SUPPORTED);
+        }
+
+        return this.getWritten();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see ClusterId.UNBIND_REQUEST
+     *
+     * @param source The IEEE address for the source.
+     * @param sourceEndpoint The source endpoint for the binding entry.
+     * @param clusterId The identifier of the cluster on the source device that is bound to the destination.
+     * @param type The addressing mode for the destination address used in this command, either ::UNICAST_BINDING, ::MULTICAST_BINDING.
+     * @param destination The destination address for the binding entry. IEEE for ::UNICAST_BINDING.
+     * @param groupAddress The destination address for the binding entry. Group ID for ::MULTICAST_BINDING.
+     * @param destinationEndpoint The destination endpoint for the binding entry. Only if ::UNICAST_BINDING.
+     */
+    private buildUnbindRequest(
+        source: Eui64,
+        sourceEndpoint: number,
+        clusterId: ClusterId,
+        type: number,
+        destination: Eui64,
+        groupAddress: number,
+        destinationEndpoint: number,
+    ): Buffer {
+        this.writeIeeeAddr(source);
+        this.writeUInt8(sourceEndpoint);
+        this.writeUInt16(clusterId);
+        this.writeUInt8(type);
+
+        switch (type) {
+            case UNICAST_BINDING: {
+                this.writeIeeeAddr(destination);
+                this.writeUInt8(destinationEndpoint);
+                break;
+            }
+            case MULTICAST_BINDING: {
+                this.writeUInt16(groupAddress);
+                break;
+            }
+            default:
+                throw new ZdoStatusError(Status.NOT_SUPPORTED);
+        }
+
+        return this.getWritten();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see ClusterId.CLEAR_ALL_BINDINGS_REQUEST
+     */
+    private buildClearAllBindingsRequest(tlv: ClearAllBindingsReqEUI64TLV): Buffer {
+        // ClearAllBindingsReqEUI64TLV: Local: ID: 0x00
+        this.writeUInt8(0x00);
+        this.writeUInt8(tlv.eui64List.length * EUI64_SIZE + 1 - 1);
+        this.writeUInt8(tlv.eui64List.length);
+
+        for (const entry of tlv.eui64List) {
+            this.writeIeeeAddr(entry);
+        }
+
+        return this.getWritten();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see ClusterId.LQI_TABLE_REQUEST
+     * @param startIndex Starting Index for the requested elements of the Neighbor Table.
+     */
+    private buildLqiTableRequest(startIndex: number): Buffer {
+        this.writeUInt8(startIndex);
+
+        return this.getWritten();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see ClusterId.ROUTING_TABLE_REQUEST
+     * @param startIndex Starting Index for the requested elements of the Neighbor Table.
+     */
+    private buildRoutingTableRequest(startIndex: number): Buffer {
+        this.writeUInt8(startIndex);
+
+        return this.getWritten();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see ClusterId.BINDING_TABLE_REQUEST
+     * @param startIndex Starting Index for the requested elements of the Neighbor Table.
+     */
+    private buildBindingTableRequest(startIndex: number): Buffer {
+        this.writeUInt8(startIndex);
+
+        return this.getWritten();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see ClusterId.LEAVE_REQUEST
+     * @param deviceAddress All zeros if the target is to remove itself from the network or
+     *   the EUI64 of a child of the target device to remove that child.
+     * @param leaveRequestFlags A bitmask of leave options. Include ::AND_REJOIN if the target is to rejoin the network immediately after leaving.
+     */
+    private buildLeaveRequest(deviceAddress: Eui64, leaveRequestFlags: LeaveRequestFlags): Buffer {
+        this.writeIeeeAddr(deviceAddress);
+        this.writeUInt8(leaveRequestFlags);
+
+        return this.getWritten();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see ClusterId.PERMIT_JOINING_REQUEST
+     * @param duration A value of 0x00 disables joining. A value of 0xFF enables joining. Any other value enables joining for that number of seconds.
+     * @param authentication Controls Trust Center authentication behavior.
+     *   This field SHALL always have a value of 1, indicating a request to change the Trust Center policy.
+     *   If a frame is received with a value of 0, it shall be treated as having a value of 1.
+     */
+    private buildPermitJoining(duration: number, authentication: number, tlvs: Tlv[]): Buffer {
+        this.writeUInt8(duration);
+        this.writeUInt8(authentication);
+        // BeaconAppendixEncapsulationGlobalTLV
+        //   - SupportedKeyNegotiationMethodsGlobalTLV
+        //   - FragmentationParametersGlobalTLV
+        this.writeGlobalTLVs(tlvs);
+
+        return this.getWritten();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see ClusterId.NWK_UPDATE_REQUEST
+     * @param channels See Table 3-7 for details on the 32-bit field structure..
+     * @param duration A value used to calculate the length of time to spend scanning each channel.
+     *   The time spent scanning each channel is (aBaseSuperframeDuration * (2n + 1)) symbols, where n is the value of the duration parameter.
+     *   If has a value of 0xfe this is a request for channel change.
+     *   If has a value of 0xff this is a request to change the apsChannelMaskList and nwkManagerAddr attributes.
+     * @param count This field represents the number of energy scans to be conducted and reported.
+     *   This field SHALL be present only if the duration is within the range of 0x00 to 0x05.
+     * @param nwkUpdateId The value of the nwkUpdateId contained in this request.
+     *   This value is set by the Network Channel Manager prior to sending the message.
+     *   This field SHALL only be present if the duration is 0xfe or 0xff.
+     *   If the ScanDuration is 0xff, then the value in the nwkUpdateID SHALL be ignored.
+     * @param nwkManagerAddr This field SHALL be present only if the duration is set to 0xff, and, where present,
+     *   indicates the NWK address for the device with the Network Manager bit set in its Node Descriptor.
+     */
+    private buildNwkUpdateRequest(
+        channels: number[],
+        duration: number,
+        count: number | undefined,
+        nwkUpdateId: number | undefined,
+        nwkManagerAddr: number | undefined,
+    ): Buffer {
+        this.writeUInt32(ZSpecUtils.channelsToUInt32Mask(channels));
+        this.writeUInt8(duration);
+
+        if (count !== undefined && duration >= 0x00 && duration <= 0x05) {
+            this.writeUInt8(count);
+        }
+
+        // TODO: What does "This value is set by the Network Channel Manager prior to sending the message." mean exactly??
+        //       (isn't used/mentioned in EmberZNet, confirmed working if not set at all for channel change)
+        // for now, allow to bypass with undefined, otherwise should throw if undefined and duration passes below conditions (see NwkEnhancedUpdateRequest)
+        if (nwkUpdateId !== undefined && (duration === 0xfe || duration === 0xff)) {
+            this.writeUInt8(nwkUpdateId);
+        }
+
+        if (nwkManagerAddr !== undefined && duration === 0xff) {
+            this.writeUInt16(nwkManagerAddr);
+        }
+
+        return this.getWritten();
+    }
+
+    // /**
+    //  * Shortcut for @see BuffaloZdo.buildNwkUpdateRequest
+    //  */
+    // private buildScanChannelsRequest(scanChannels: number[], duration: number, count: number): Buffer {
+    //     return this.buildNwkUpdateRequest(scanChannels, duration, count, undefined, undefined);
+    // }
+
+    // /**
+    //  * Shortcut for @see BuffaloZdo.buildNwkUpdateRequest
+    //  */
+    // private buildChannelChangeRequest(channel: number, nwkUpdateId: number | undefined): Buffer {
+    //     return this.buildNwkUpdateRequest([channel], 0xfe, undefined, nwkUpdateId, undefined);
+    // }
+
+    // /**
+    //  * Shortcut for @see BuffaloZdo.buildNwkUpdateRequest
+    //  */
+    // private buildSetActiveChannelsAndNwkManagerIdRequest(channels: number[], nwkUpdateId: number | undefined, nwkManagerAddr: NodeId): Buffer {
+    //     return this.buildNwkUpdateRequest(channels, 0xff, undefined, nwkUpdateId, nwkManagerAddr);
+    // }
+
+    /**
+     * @see ClusterId.NWK_ENHANCED_UPDATE_REQUEST
+     * @param channelPages The set of channels (32-bit bitmap) for each channel page.
+     *   The five most significant bits (b27,..., b31) represent the binary encoded Channel Page.
+     *   The 27 least significant bits (b0, b1,... b26) indicate which channels are to be scanned
+     *   (1 = scan, 0 = do not scan) for each of the 27 valid channels
+     *   If duration is in the range 0x00 to 0x05, SHALL be restricted to a single page.
+     * @param duration A value used to calculate the length of time to spend scanning each channel.
+     *   The time spent scanning each channel is (aBaseSuperframeDuration * (2n + 1)) symbols, where n is the value of the duration parameter.
+     *   If has a value of 0xfe this is a request for channel change.
+     *   If has a value of 0xff this is a request to change the apsChannelMaskList and nwkManagerAddr attributes.
+     * @param count This field represents the number of energy scans to be conducted and reported.
+     *   This field SHALL be present only if the duration is within the range of 0x00 to 0x05.
+     * @param nwkUpdateId The value of the nwkUpdateId contained in this request.
+     *   This value is set by the Network Channel Manager prior to sending the message.
+     *   This field SHALL only be present if the duration is 0xfe or 0xff.
+     *   If the ScanDuration is 0xff, then the value in the nwkUpdateID SHALL be ignored.
+     * @param nwkManagerAddr This field SHALL be present only if the duration is set to 0xff, and, where present,
+     *   indicates the NWK address for the device with the Network Manager bit set in its Node Descriptor.
+     * @param configurationBitmask Defined in defined in section 2.4.3.3.12.
+     *   The configurationBitmask must be added to the end of the list of parameters.
+     *   This octet may or may not be present.
+     *   If not present then assumption should be that it is enhanced active scan.
+     *   Bit 0: This bit determines whether to do an Active Scan or Enhanced Active Scan.
+     *          When the bit is set to 1 it indicates an Enhanced Active Scan.
+     *          And in case of Enhanced Active scan EBR shall be sent with EPID filter instead of PJOIN filter.
+     *   Bit 1-7: Reserved
+     */
+    private buildNwkEnhancedUpdateRequest(
+        channelPages: number[],
+        duration: number,
+        count: number | undefined,
+        nwkUpdateId: number | undefined,
+        nwkManagerAddr: NodeId | undefined,
+        configurationBitmask: number | undefined,
+    ): Buffer {
+        this.writeUInt8(channelPages.length);
+
+        for (const channelPage of channelPages) {
+            this.writeUInt32(channelPage);
+        }
+
+        this.writeUInt8(duration);
+
+        if (count !== undefined && duration >= 0x00 && duration <= 0x05) {
+            this.writeUInt8(count);
+        }
+
+        if (nwkUpdateId !== undefined && (duration === 0xfe || duration === 0xff)) {
+            this.writeUInt8(nwkUpdateId);
+        }
+
+        if (nwkManagerAddr !== undefined && duration === 0xff) {
+            this.writeUInt16(nwkManagerAddr);
+        }
+
+        if (configurationBitmask !== undefined) {
+            this.writeUInt8(configurationBitmask);
+        }
+
+        return this.getWritten();
+    }
+
+    // /**
+    //  * Shortcut for @see BuffaloZdo.buildNwkEnhancedUpdateRequest
+    //  */
+    // private buildEnhancedScanChannelsRequest(channelPages: number[], duration: number, count: number, configurationBitmask: number | undefined): Buffer {
+    //     return this.buildNwkEnhancedUpdateRequest(channelPages, duration, count, undefined, undefined, configurationBitmask);
+    // }
+
+    // /**
+    //  * Shortcut for @see BuffaloZdo.buildNwkEnhancedUpdateRequest
+    //  */
+    // private buildEnhancedChannelChangeRequest(channelPage: number, nwkUpdateId: number | undefined, configurationBitmask: number | undefined): Buffer {
+    //     return this.buildNwkEnhancedUpdateRequest([channelPage], 0xfe, undefined, nwkUpdateId, undefined, configurationBitmask);
+    // }
+
+    // /**
+    //  * Shortcut for @see BuffaloZdo.buildNwkEnhancedUpdateRequest
+    //  */
+    // private buildEnhancedSetActiveChannelsAndNwkManagerIdRequest(
+    //     channelPages: number[],
+    //     nwkUpdateId: number | undefined,
+    //     nwkManagerAddr: NodeId,
+    //     configurationBitmask: number | undefined,
+    // ): Buffer {
+    //     return this.buildNwkEnhancedUpdateRequest(channelPages, 0xff, undefined, nwkUpdateId, nwkManagerAddr, configurationBitmask);
+    // }
+
+    /**
+     * @see ClusterId.NWK_IEEE_JOINING_LIST_REQUEST
+     * @param startIndex The starting index into the receiving device’s nwkIeeeJoiningList that SHALL be sent back.
+     */
+    private buildNwkIEEEJoiningListRequest(startIndex: number): Buffer {
+        this.writeUInt8(startIndex);
+
+        return this.getWritten();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see ClusterId.NWK_BEACON_SURVEY_REQUEST
+     */
+    private buildNwkBeaconSurveyRequest(tlv: BeaconSurveyConfigurationTLV): Buffer {
+        // BeaconSurveyConfigurationTLV: Local: ID: 0x00
+        this.writeUInt8(0x00);
+        this.writeUInt8(2 + tlv.scanChannelList.length * 4 - 1);
+        this.writeUInt8(tlv.scanChannelList.length);
+        this.writeListUInt32(tlv.scanChannelList);
+        this.writeUInt8(tlv.configurationBitmask);
+
+        return this.getWritten();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see ClusterId.START_KEY_NEGOTIATION_REQUEST
+     */
+    private buildStartKeyNegotiationRequest(tlv: Curve25519PublicPointTLV): Buffer {
+        // Curve25519PublicPointTLV: Local: ID: 0x00
+        this.writeUInt8(0x00);
+        this.writeUInt8(EUI64_SIZE + CURVE_PUBLIC_POINT_SIZE - 1);
+        this.writeIeeeAddr(tlv.eui64);
+        this.writeBuffer(tlv.publicPoint, CURVE_PUBLIC_POINT_SIZE);
+
+        return this.getWritten();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see ClusterId.RETRIEVE_AUTHENTICATION_TOKEN_REQUEST
+     */
+    private buildRetrieveAuthenticationTokenRequest(tlv: AuthenticationTokenIdTLV): Buffer {
+        // AuthenticationTokenIdTLV: Local: ID: 0x00
+        this.writeUInt8(0x00);
+        this.writeUInt8(1 - 1);
+        this.writeUInt8(tlv.tlvTypeTagId);
+
+        return this.getWritten();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see ClusterId.GET_AUTHENTICATION_LEVEL_REQUEST
+     */
+    private buildGetAuthenticationLevelRequest(tlv: TargetIEEEAddressTLV): Buffer {
+        // TargetIEEEAddressTLV: Local: ID: 0x00
+        this.writeUInt8(0x00);
+        this.writeUInt8(EUI64_SIZE - 1);
+        this.writeIeeeAddr(tlv.ieee);
+
+        return this.getWritten();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see ClusterId.SET_CONFIGURATION_REQUEST
+     */
+    private buildSetConfigurationRequest(
+        nextPanIdChange: NextPanIdChangeGlobalTLV,
+        nextChannelChange: NextChannelChangeGlobalTLV,
+        configurationParameters: ConfigurationParametersGlobalTLV,
+    ): Buffer {
+        this.writeGlobalTLV({tagId: GlobalTLV.NEXT_PAN_ID_CHANGE, length: PAN_ID_SIZE, tlv: nextPanIdChange});
+        this.writeGlobalTLV({tagId: GlobalTLV.NEXT_CHANNEL_CHANGE, length: 4, tlv: nextChannelChange});
+        this.writeGlobalTLV({tagId: GlobalTLV.CONFIGURATION_PARAMETERS, length: 2, tlv: configurationParameters});
+
+        return this.getWritten();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see ClusterId.GET_CONFIGURATION_REQUEST
+     * @param tlvIds The IDs of each TLV that are being requested.
+     *   Maximum number dependent on the underlying maximum size of the message as allowed by fragmentation.
+     */
+    private buildGetConfigurationRequest(tlvIds: number[]): Buffer {
+        this.writeUInt8(tlvIds.length);
+
+        for (const tlvId of tlvIds) {
+            this.writeUInt8(tlvId);
+        }
+
+        return this.getWritten();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see ClusterId.START_KEY_UPDATE_REQUEST
+     */
+    private buildStartKeyUpdateRequest(
+        selectedKeyNegotiationMethod: SelectedKeyNegotiationMethodTLV,
+        fragmentationParameters: FragmentationParametersGlobalTLV,
+    ): Buffer {
+        // SelectedKeyNegotiationMethodTLV: Local: ID: 0x00
+        this.writeUInt8(0x00);
+        this.writeUInt8(EUI64_SIZE + 2 - 1);
+        this.writeUInt8(selectedKeyNegotiationMethod.protocol);
+        this.writeUInt8(selectedKeyNegotiationMethod.presharedSecret);
+        this.writeIeeeAddr(selectedKeyNegotiationMethod.sendingDeviceEui64);
+
+        {
+            let length = 2;
+
+            if (fragmentationParameters.fragmentationOptions) {
+                length += 1;
+            }
+
+            if (fragmentationParameters.maxIncomingTransferUnit) {
+                length += 2;
+            }
+
+            this.writeGlobalTLV({tagId: GlobalTLV.FRAGMENTATION_PARAMETERS, length, tlv: fragmentationParameters});
+        }
+
+        return this.getWritten();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see ClusterId.DECOMMISSION_REQUEST
+     */
+    private buildDecommissionRequest(tlv: DeviceEUI64ListTLV): Buffer {
+        // DeviceEUI64ListTLV: Local: ID: 0x00
+        this.writeUInt8(0x00);
+        this.writeUInt8(tlv.eui64List.length * EUI64_SIZE + 1 - 1);
+        this.writeUInt8(tlv.eui64List.length);
+
+        for (const eui64 of tlv.eui64List) {
+            this.writeIeeeAddr(eui64);
+        }
+
+        return this.getWritten();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see ClusterId.CHALLENGE_REQUEST
+     */
+    private buildChallengeRequest(tlv: APSFrameCounterChallengeTLV): Buffer {
+        // APSFrameCounterChallengeTLV: Local: ID: 0x00
+        this.writeUInt8(0x00);
+        this.writeUInt8(EUI64_SIZE + CHALLENGE_VALUE_SIZE - 1);
+        this.writeIeeeAddr(tlv.senderEui64);
+        this.writeBuffer(tlv.challengeValue, CHALLENGE_VALUE_SIZE);
+
+        return this.getWritten();
+    }
+    //-- RESPONSES
+
+    public static checkStatus<K extends keyof ValidResponseMap>(result: ResponseMap[number]): result is ValidResponseMap[K] {
+        return result[0] === Status.SUCCESS;
+    }
+
+    public static readResponse<K extends number>(
+        hasZdoMessageOverhead: boolean,
+        clusterId: K extends keyof ResponseMap ? keyof ResponseMap : K,
+        buffer: Buffer,
+    ): ResponseMap[K] {
+        const buffalo = new BuffaloZdo(buffer, hasZdoMessageOverhead ? ZDO_MESSAGE_OVERHEAD : 0); // set pos to skip `transaction sequence number`
+
+        switch (clusterId) {
+            case ZdoClusterId.NETWORK_ADDRESS_RESPONSE: {
+                return buffalo.readNetworkAddressResponse() as ResponseMap[K];
+            }
+            case ZdoClusterId.IEEE_ADDRESS_RESPONSE: {
+                return buffalo.readIEEEAddressResponse() as ResponseMap[K];
+            }
+            case ZdoClusterId.NODE_DESCRIPTOR_RESPONSE: {
+                return buffalo.readNodeDescriptorResponse() as ResponseMap[K];
+            }
+            case ZdoClusterId.POWER_DESCRIPTOR_RESPONSE: {
+                return buffalo.readPowerDescriptorResponse() as ResponseMap[K];
+            }
+            case ZdoClusterId.SIMPLE_DESCRIPTOR_RESPONSE: {
+                return buffalo.readSimpleDescriptorResponse() as ResponseMap[K];
+            }
+            case ZdoClusterId.ACTIVE_ENDPOINTS_RESPONSE: {
+                return buffalo.readActiveEndpointsResponse() as ResponseMap[K];
+            }
+            case ZdoClusterId.MATCH_DESCRIPTORS_RESPONSE: {
+                return buffalo.readMatchDescriptorsResponse() as ResponseMap[K];
+            }
+            case ZdoClusterId.END_DEVICE_ANNOUNCE: {
+                return buffalo.readEndDeviceAnnounce() as ResponseMap[K];
+            }
+            case ZdoClusterId.SYSTEM_SERVER_DISCOVERY_RESPONSE: {
+                return buffalo.readSystemServerDiscoveryResponse() as ResponseMap[K];
+            }
+            case ZdoClusterId.PARENT_ANNOUNCE_RESPONSE: {
+                return buffalo.readParentAnnounceResponse() as ResponseMap[K];
+            }
+            case ZdoClusterId.BIND_RESPONSE: {
+                return buffalo.readBindResponse() as ResponseMap[K];
+            }
+            case ZdoClusterId.UNBIND_RESPONSE: {
+                return buffalo.readUnbindResponse() as ResponseMap[K];
+            }
+            case ZdoClusterId.CLEAR_ALL_BINDINGS_RESPONSE: {
+                return buffalo.readClearAllBindingsResponse() as ResponseMap[K];
+            }
+            case ZdoClusterId.LQI_TABLE_RESPONSE: {
+                return buffalo.readLQITableResponse() as ResponseMap[K];
+            }
+            case ZdoClusterId.ROUTING_TABLE_RESPONSE: {
+                return buffalo.readRoutingTableResponse() as ResponseMap[K];
+            }
+            case ZdoClusterId.BINDING_TABLE_RESPONSE: {
+                return buffalo.readBindingTableResponse() as ResponseMap[K];
+            }
+            case ZdoClusterId.LEAVE_RESPONSE: {
+                return buffalo.readLeaveResponse() as ResponseMap[K];
+            }
+            case ZdoClusterId.PERMIT_JOINING_RESPONSE: {
+                return buffalo.readPermitJoiningResponse() as ResponseMap[K];
+            }
+            case ZdoClusterId.NWK_UPDATE_RESPONSE: {
+                return buffalo.readNwkUpdateResponse() as ResponseMap[K];
+            }
+            case ZdoClusterId.NWK_ENHANCED_UPDATE_RESPONSE: {
+                return buffalo.readNwkEnhancedUpdateResponse() as ResponseMap[K];
+            }
+            case ZdoClusterId.NWK_IEEE_JOINING_LIST_RESPONSE: {
+                return buffalo.readNwkIEEEJoiningListResponse() as ResponseMap[K];
+            }
+            case ZdoClusterId.NWK_UNSOLICITED_ENHANCED_UPDATE_RESPONSE: {
+                return buffalo.readNwkUnsolicitedEnhancedUpdateResponse() as ResponseMap[K];
+            }
+            case ZdoClusterId.NWK_BEACON_SURVEY_RESPONSE: {
+                return buffalo.readNwkBeaconSurveyResponse() as ResponseMap[K];
+            }
+            case ZdoClusterId.START_KEY_NEGOTIATION_RESPONSE: {
+                return buffalo.readStartKeyNegotiationResponse() as ResponseMap[K];
+            }
+            case ZdoClusterId.RETRIEVE_AUTHENTICATION_TOKEN_RESPONSE: {
+                return buffalo.readRetrieveAuthenticationTokenResponse() as ResponseMap[K];
+            }
+            case ZdoClusterId.GET_AUTHENTICATION_LEVEL_RESPONSE: {
+                return buffalo.readGetAuthenticationLevelResponse() as ResponseMap[K];
+            }
+            case ZdoClusterId.SET_CONFIGURATION_RESPONSE: {
+                return buffalo.readSetConfigurationResponse() as ResponseMap[K];
+            }
+            case ZdoClusterId.GET_CONFIGURATION_RESPONSE: {
+                return buffalo.readGetConfigurationResponse() as ResponseMap[K];
+            }
+            case ZdoClusterId.START_KEY_UPDATE_RESPONSE: {
+                return buffalo.readStartKeyUpdateResponse() as ResponseMap[K];
+            }
+            case ZdoClusterId.DECOMMISSION_RESPONSE: {
+                return buffalo.readDecommissionResponse() as ResponseMap[K];
+            }
+            case ZdoClusterId.CHALLENGE_RESPONSE: {
+                return buffalo.readChallengeResponse() as ResponseMap[K];
+            }
+            default: {
+                throw new Error(`Unsupported response reading for cluster ID '${clusterId}'.`);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see ClusterId.NETWORK_ADDRESS_RESPONSE
+     */
+    public readNetworkAddressResponse(): ResponseMap[ZdoClusterId.NETWORK_ADDRESS_RESPONSE] {
+        // INV_REQUESTTYPE or DEVICE_NOT_FOUND
+        const status: Status = this.readUInt8();
+        let result: NetworkAddressResponse | undefined;
+
+        if (status === Status.SUCCESS) {
+            const eui64 = this.readIeeeAddr();
+            const nwkAddress = this.readUInt16();
+            let assocDevCount = 0;
+            let startIndex = 0;
+            let assocDevList: number[] = [];
+
+            if (this.isMore()) {
+                assocDevCount = this.readUInt8();
+                startIndex = this.readUInt8();
+
+                assocDevList = this.readListUInt16(assocDevCount);
+            }
+
+            result = {
+                eui64,
+                nwkAddress,
+                startIndex,
+                assocDevList,
+            };
+        }
+
+        return [status, result];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see ClusterId.IEEE_ADDRESS_RESPONSE
+     */
+    public readIEEEAddressResponse(): ResponseMap[ZdoClusterId.IEEE_ADDRESS_RESPONSE] {
+        // INV_REQUESTTYPE or DEVICE_NOT_FOUND
+        const status: Status = this.readUInt8();
+        let result: IEEEAddressResponse | undefined;
+
+        if (status === Status.SUCCESS) {
+            const eui64 = this.readIeeeAddr();
+            const nwkAddress = this.readUInt16();
+            let assocDevCount = 0;
+            let startIndex = 0;
+            let assocDevList: number[] = [];
+
+            if (this.isMore()) {
+                assocDevCount = this.readUInt8();
+                startIndex = this.readUInt8();
+                assocDevList = this.readListUInt16(assocDevCount);
+            }
+
+            result = {
+                eui64,
+                nwkAddress,
+                startIndex,
+                assocDevList,
+            };
+        }
+
+        return [status, result];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see ClusterId.NODE_DESCRIPTOR_RESPONSE
+     */
+    public readNodeDescriptorResponse(): ResponseMap[ZdoClusterId.NODE_DESCRIPTOR_RESPONSE] {
+        // DEVICE_NOT_FOUND, INV_REQUESTTYPE, or NO_DESCRIPTOR
+        const status: Status = this.readUInt8();
+        let result: NodeDescriptorResponse | undefined;
+
+        if (status === Status.SUCCESS) {
+            const nwkAddress = this.readUInt16();
+            // in bits: [logical type: 3] [deprecated: 1] [deprecated: 1] [fragmentation supported (R23): 1] [reserved/unused: 2]
+            const nodeDescByte1 = this.readUInt8();
+            // in bits: [aps flags: 3] [frequency band: 5]
+            const nodeDescByte2 = this.readUInt8();
+            const macCapFlags = Utils.getMacCapFlags(this.readUInt8());
+            const manufacturerCode = this.readUInt16();
+            const maxBufSize = this.readUInt8();
+            const maxIncTxSize = this.readUInt16();
+            const serverMask = Utils.getServerMask(this.readUInt16());
+            const maxOutTxSize = this.readUInt16();
+            const deprecated1 = this.readUInt8();
+            // Global: FragmentationParametersGlobalTLV
+            const tlvs: Tlv[] = this.readTLVs();
+
+            result = {
+                nwkAddress,
+                logicalType: nodeDescByte1 & 0x07,
+                fragmentationSupported: serverMask.stackComplianceRevision >= 23 ? (nodeDescByte1 & 0x20) >> 5 === 1 : undefined,
+                apsFlags: nodeDescByte2 & 0x07,
+                frequencyBand: (nodeDescByte2 & 0xf8) >> 3,
+                capabilities: macCapFlags,
+                manufacturerCode,
+                maxBufSize,
+                maxIncTxSize,
+                serverMask,
+                maxOutTxSize,
+                deprecated1,
+                tlvs,
+            };
+        }
+
+        return [status, result];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see ClusterId.POWER_DESCRIPTOR_RESPONSE
+     */
+    public readPowerDescriptorResponse(): ResponseMap[ZdoClusterId.POWER_DESCRIPTOR_RESPONSE] {
+        // DEVICE_NOT_FOUND, INV_REQUESTTYPE, or NO_DESCRIPTOR
+        const status: Status = this.readUInt8();
+        let result: PowerDescriptorResponse | undefined;
+
+        if (status === Status.SUCCESS) {
+            const nwkAddress = this.readUInt16();
+            const byte1 = this.readUInt8();
+            const byte2 = this.readUInt8();
+
+            result = {
+                nwkAddress,
+                currentPowerMode: byte1 & 0xf,
+                availPowerSources: (byte1 >> 4) & 0xf,
+                currentPowerSource: byte2 & 0xf,
+                currentPowerSourceLevel: (byte2 >> 4) & 0xf,
+            };
+        }
+
+        return [status, result];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see ClusterId.SIMPLE_DESCRIPTOR_RESPONSE
+     */
+    public readSimpleDescriptorResponse(): ResponseMap[ZdoClusterId.SIMPLE_DESCRIPTOR_RESPONSE] {
+        // INVALID_EP, NOT_ACTIVE, DEVICE_NOT_FOUND, INV_REQUESTTYPE or NO_DESCRIPTOR
+        const status: Status = this.readUInt8();
+        let result: SimpleDescriptorResponse | undefined;
+
+        if (status === Status.SUCCESS) {
+            const nwkAddress = this.readUInt16();
+            // Length in bytes of the Simple Descriptor to follow. [0x00-0xff]
+            const length = this.readUInt8();
+            const endpoint = this.readUInt8();
+            const profileId = this.readUInt16();
+            const deviceId = this.readUInt16();
+            const deviceVersion = this.readUInt8();
+            const inClusterCount = this.readUInt8();
+            const inClusterList = this.readListUInt16(inClusterCount); // empty if inClusterCount==0
+            const outClusterCount = this.readUInt8();
+            const outClusterList = this.readListUInt16(outClusterCount); // empty if outClusterCount==0
+
+            result = {
+                nwkAddress,
+                length,
+                endpoint,
+                profileId,
+                deviceId,
+                deviceVersion,
+                inClusterList,
+                outClusterList,
+            };
+        }
+
+        return [status, result];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see ClusterId.ACTIVE_ENDPOINTS_RESPONSE
+     */
+    public readActiveEndpointsResponse(): ResponseMap[ZdoClusterId.ACTIVE_ENDPOINTS_RESPONSE] {
+        // DEVICE_NOT_FOUND, INV_REQUESTTYPE, or NO_DESCRIPTOR
+        const status: Status = this.readUInt8();
+        let result: ActiveEndpointsResponse | undefined;
+
+        if (status === Status.SUCCESS) {
+            const nwkAddress = this.readUInt16();
+            const endpointCount = this.readUInt8();
+            const endpointList = this.readListUInt8(endpointCount);
+
+            result = {
+                nwkAddress,
+                endpointList,
+            };
+        }
+
+        return [status, result];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see ClusterId.MATCH_DESCRIPTORS_RESPONSE
+     */
+    public readMatchDescriptorsResponse(): ResponseMap[ZdoClusterId.MATCH_DESCRIPTORS_RESPONSE] {
+        // DEVICE_NOT_FOUND, INV_REQUESTTYPE, or NO_DESCRIPTOR
+        const status: Status = this.readUInt8();
+        let result: MatchDescriptorsResponse | undefined;
+
+        if (status === Status.SUCCESS) {
+            const nwkAddress = this.readUInt16();
+            const endpointCount = this.readUInt8();
+            const endpointList = this.readListUInt8(endpointCount);
+
+            result = {
+                nwkAddress,
+                endpointList,
+            };
+        }
+
+        return [status, result];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see ClusterId.END_DEVICE_ANNOUNCE
+     */
+    public readEndDeviceAnnounce(): ResponseMap[ZdoClusterId.END_DEVICE_ANNOUNCE] {
+        const nwkAddress = this.readUInt16();
+        const eui64 = this.readIeeeAddr();
+        /** @see MACCapabilityFlags */
+        const capabilities = this.readUInt8();
+
+        return [Status.SUCCESS, {nwkAddress, eui64, capabilities: Utils.getMacCapFlags(capabilities)}];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see ClusterId.SYSTEM_SERVER_DISCOVERY_RESPONSE
+     */
+    public readSystemServerDiscoveryResponse(): ResponseMap[ZdoClusterId.SYSTEM_SERVER_DISCOVERY_RESPONSE] {
+        // never expected !== SUCCESS
+        const status: Status = this.readUInt8();
+        let result: SystemServerDiscoveryResponse | undefined;
+
+        if (status === Status.SUCCESS) {
+            const serverMask = Utils.getServerMask(this.readUInt16());
+
+            result = {
+                serverMask,
+            };
+        }
+
+        return [status, result];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see ClusterId.PARENT_ANNOUNCE_RESPONSE
+     */
+    public readParentAnnounceResponse(): ResponseMap[ZdoClusterId.PARENT_ANNOUNCE_RESPONSE] {
+        // NOT_SUPPORTED
+        const status: Status = this.readUInt8();
+        let result: ParentAnnounceResponse | undefined;
+
+        if (status === Status.SUCCESS) {
+            const numberOfChildren = this.readUInt8();
+            const children: Eui64[] = [];
+
+            for (let i = 0; i < numberOfChildren; i++) {
+                const childEui64 = this.readIeeeAddr();
+
+                children.push(childEui64);
+            }
+
+            result = {children};
+        }
+
+        return [status, result];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see ClusterId.BIND_RESPONSE
+     * @returns No response payload, throws if not success
+     */
+    public readBindResponse(): ResponseMap[ZdoClusterId.BIND_RESPONSE] {
+        // NOT_SUPPORTED, INVALID_EP, TABLE_FULL, or NOT_AUTHORIZED
+        const status: Status = this.readUInt8();
+
+        return [status, undefined];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see ClusterId.UNBIND_RESPONSE
+     * @returns No response payload, throws if not success
+     */
+    public readUnbindResponse(): ResponseMap[ZdoClusterId.UNBIND_RESPONSE] {
+        // NOT_SUPPORTED, INVALID_EP, NO_ENTRY or NOT_AUTHORIZED
+        const status: Status = this.readUInt8();
+
+        return [status, undefined];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see ClusterId.CLEAR_ALL_BINDINGS_RESPONSE
+     * @returns No response payload, throws if not success
+     */
+    public readClearAllBindingsResponse(): ResponseMap[ZdoClusterId.CLEAR_ALL_BINDINGS_RESPONSE] {
+        // NOT_SUPPORTED, NOT_AUTHORIZED, INV_REQUESTTYPE, or NO_MATCH.
+        const status: Status = this.readUInt8();
+
+        return [status, undefined];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see ClusterId.LQI_TABLE_RESPONSE
+     */
+    public readLQITableResponse(): ResponseMap[ZdoClusterId.LQI_TABLE_RESPONSE] {
+        // NOT_SUPPORTED or any status code returned from the NLME-GET.confirm primitive.
+        const status: Status = this.readUInt8();
+        let result: LQITableResponse | undefined;
+
+        if (status === Status.SUCCESS) {
+            const neighborTableEntries = this.readUInt8();
+            const startIndex = this.readUInt8();
+            // [0x00-0x02]
+            const entryCount = this.readUInt8();
+            const entryList: LQITableEntry[] = [];
+
+            for (let i = 0; i < entryCount; i++) {
+                const extendedPanId = this.readListUInt8(EXTENDED_PAN_ID_SIZE);
+                const eui64 = this.readIeeeAddr();
+                const nwkAddress = this.readUInt16();
+                const deviceTypeByte = this.readUInt8();
+                const permitJoiningByte = this.readUInt8();
+                const depth = this.readUInt8();
+                const lqi = this.readUInt8();
+
+                entryList.push({
+                    extendedPanId,
+                    eui64,
+                    nwkAddress,
+                    deviceType: deviceTypeByte & 0x03,
+                    rxOnWhenIdle: (deviceTypeByte & 0x0c) >> 2,
+                    relationship: (deviceTypeByte & 0x70) >> 4,
+                    reserved1: (deviceTypeByte & 0x10) >> 7,
+                    permitJoining: permitJoiningByte & 0x03,
+                    reserved2: (permitJoiningByte & 0xfc) >> 2,
+                    depth,
+                    lqi,
+                });
+            }
+
+            result = {
+                neighborTableEntries,
+                startIndex,
+                entryList,
+            };
+        }
+
+        return [status, result];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see ClusterId.ROUTING_TABLE_RESPONSE
+     */
+    public readRoutingTableResponse(): ResponseMap[ZdoClusterId.ROUTING_TABLE_RESPONSE] {
+        // NOT_SUPPORTED or any status code returned from the NLMEGET.confirm primitive.
+        const status: Status = this.readUInt8();
+        let result: RoutingTableResponse | undefined;
+
+        if (status === Status.SUCCESS) {
+            const routingTableEntries = this.readUInt8();
+            const startIndex = this.readUInt8();
+            // [0x00-0xFF]
+            const entryCount = this.readUInt8();
+            const entryList: RoutingTableEntry[] = [];
+
+            for (let i = 0; i < entryCount; i++) {
+                const destinationAddress = this.readUInt16();
+                const statusByte = this.readUInt8();
+                const nextHopAddress = this.readUInt16();
+
+                entryList.push({
+                    destinationAddress,
+                    status: RoutingTableStatus[statusByte & 0x07] as keyof typeof RoutingTableStatus,
+                    memoryConstrained: (statusByte & 0x08) >> 3,
+                    manyToOne: (statusByte & 0x10) >> 4,
+                    routeRecordRequired: (statusByte & 0x20) >> 5,
+                    reserved1: (statusByte & 0xc0) >> 6,
+                    nextHopAddress,
+                });
+            }
+
+            result = {
+                routingTableEntries,
+                startIndex,
+                entryList,
+            };
+        }
+
+        return [status, result];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see ClusterId.BINDING_TABLE_RESPONSE
+     */
+    public readBindingTableResponse(): ResponseMap[ZdoClusterId.BINDING_TABLE_RESPONSE] {
+        // NOT_SUPPORTED or any status code returned from the APSMEGET.confirm primitive.
+        const status: Status = this.readUInt8();
+        let result: BindingTableResponse | undefined;
+
+        if (status === Status.SUCCESS) {
+            const bindingTableEntries = this.readUInt8();
+            const startIndex = this.readUInt8();
+            // [0x00-0xFF]
+            const entryCount = this.readUInt8();
+            const entryList: BindingTableEntry[] = [];
+
+            for (let i = 0; i < entryCount; i++) {
+                const sourceEui64 = this.readIeeeAddr();
+                const sourceEndpoint = this.readUInt8();
+                const clusterId = this.readUInt16();
+                const destAddrMode = this.readUInt8();
+                const dest = destAddrMode === 0x01 ? this.readUInt16() : destAddrMode === 0x03 ? this.readIeeeAddr() : undefined;
+                const destEndpoint = destAddrMode === 0x03 ? this.readUInt8() : undefined;
+
+                if (dest === undefined) {
+                    // not supported (using reserved value)
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                entryList.push({
+                    sourceEui64,
+                    sourceEndpoint,
+                    clusterId,
+                    destAddrMode,
+                    dest,
+                    destEndpoint,
+                });
+            }
+
+            result = {
+                bindingTableEntries,
+                startIndex,
+                entryList,
+            };
+        }
+
+        return [status, result];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see ClusterId.LEAVE_RESPONSE
+     * @returns No response payload, throws if not success
+     */
+    public readLeaveResponse(): ResponseMap[ZdoClusterId.LEAVE_RESPONSE] {
+        // NOT_SUPPORTED, NOT_AUTHORIZED or any status code returned from the NLMELEAVE.confirm primitive.
+        const status: Status = this.readUInt8();
+
+        return [status, undefined];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see ClusterId.PERMIT_JOINING_RESPONSE
+     * @returns No response payload, throws if not success
+     */
+    public readPermitJoiningResponse(): ResponseMap[ZdoClusterId.PERMIT_JOINING_RESPONSE] {
+        // INV_REQUESTTYPE, NOT_AUTHORIZED, or any status code returned from the NLME-PERMIT-JOINING.confirm primitive.
+        const status: Status = this.readUInt8();
+
+        return [status, undefined];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see ClusterId.NWK_UPDATE_RESPONSE
+     */
+    public readNwkUpdateResponse(): ResponseMap[ZdoClusterId.NWK_UPDATE_RESPONSE] {
+        // INV_REQUESTTYPE, NOT_SUPPORTED, or any status values returned from the MLME-SCAN.confirm primitive
+        const status: Status = this.readUInt8();
+        let result: NwkUpdateResponse | undefined;
+
+        if (status === Status.SUCCESS) {
+            const scannedChannels = this.readUInt32();
+            const totalTransmissions = this.readUInt16();
+            const totalFailures = this.readUInt16();
+            // [0x00-0xFF]
+            const entryCount = this.readUInt8();
+            const entryList = this.readListUInt8(entryCount);
+
+            result = {
+                scannedChannels,
+                totalTransmissions,
+                totalFailures,
+                entryList,
+            };
+        }
+
+        return [status, result];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see ClusterId.NWK_ENHANCED_UPDATE_RESPONSE
+     */
+    public readNwkEnhancedUpdateResponse(): ResponseMap[ZdoClusterId.NWK_ENHANCED_UPDATE_RESPONSE] {
+        // INV_REQUESTTYPE, NOT_SUPPORTED, or any status values returned from the MLME-SCAN.confirm primitive.
+        const status: Status = this.readUInt8();
+        let result: NwkEnhancedUpdateResponse | undefined;
+
+        if (status === Status.SUCCESS) {
+            const scannedChannels = this.readUInt32();
+            const totalTransmissions = this.readUInt16();
+            const totalFailures = this.readUInt16();
+            // [0x00-0xFF]
+            const entryCount = this.readUInt8();
+            const entryList = this.readListUInt8(entryCount);
+
+            result = {
+                scannedChannels,
+                totalTransmissions,
+                totalFailures,
+                entryList,
+            };
+        }
+
+        return [status, result];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see ClusterId.NWK_IEEE_JOINING_LIST_REPONSE
+     */
+    public readNwkIEEEJoiningListResponse(): ResponseMap[ZdoClusterId.NWK_IEEE_JOINING_LIST_RESPONSE] {
+        // INV_REQUESTTYPE, or NOT_SUPPORTED
+        const status: Status = this.readUInt8();
+        let result: NwkIEEEJoiningListResponse | undefined;
+
+        if (status === Status.SUCCESS) {
+            const updateId = this.readUInt8();
+            const joiningPolicy = this.readUInt8();
+            // [0x00-0xFF]
+            const entryListTotal = this.readUInt8();
+            let startIndex: number | undefined;
+            let entryList: Eui64[] | undefined;
+
+            if (entryListTotal > 0) {
+                startIndex = this.readUInt8();
+                const entryCount = this.readUInt8();
+                entryList = [];
+
+                for (let i = 0; i < entryCount; i++) {
+                    const ieee = this.readIeeeAddr();
+
+                    entryList.push(ieee);
+                }
+            }
+
+            result = {
+                updateId,
+                joiningPolicy,
+                entryListTotal,
+                startIndex,
+                entryList,
+            };
+        }
+
+        return [status, result];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see ClusterId.NWK_UNSOLICITED_ENHANCED_UPDATE_RESPONSE
+     */
+    public readNwkUnsolicitedEnhancedUpdateResponse(): ResponseMap[ZdoClusterId.NWK_UNSOLICITED_ENHANCED_UPDATE_RESPONSE] {
+        // ??
+        const status: Status = this.readUInt8();
+        let result: NwkUnsolicitedEnhancedUpdateResponse | undefined;
+
+        if (status === Status.SUCCESS) {
+            const channelInUse = this.readUInt32();
+            const macTxUCastTotal = this.readUInt16();
+            const macTxUCastFailures = this.readUInt16();
+            const macTxUCastRetries = this.readUInt16();
+            const timePeriod = this.readUInt8();
+
+            result = {
+                channelInUse,
+                macTxUCastTotal,
+                macTxUCastFailures,
+                macTxUCastRetries,
+                timePeriod,
+            };
+        }
+
+        return [status, result];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see ClusterId.NWK_BEACON_SURVEY_RESPONSE
+     */
+    public readNwkBeaconSurveyResponse(): ResponseMap[ZdoClusterId.NWK_BEACON_SURVEY_RESPONSE] {
+        // INV_REQUESTTYPE, or NOT_SUPPORTED
+        const status: Status = this.readUInt8();
+        let result: NwkBeaconSurveyResponse | undefined;
+
+        if (status === Status.SUCCESS) {
+            const localTLVs = new Map<number, LocalTLVReader>([
+                // Local: ID: 0x01: BeaconSurveyResultsTLV
+                [0x01, this.readBeaconSurveyResultsTLV],
+                // Local: ID: 0x02: PotentialParentsTLV
+                [0x02, this.readPotentialParentsTLV],
+            ]);
+            const tlvs: Tlv[] = this.readTLVs(localTLVs);
+
+            result = {
+                tlvs,
+            };
+        }
+
+        return [status, result];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see ClusterId.START_KEY_NEGOTIATION_RESPONSE
+     */
+    public readStartKeyNegotiationResponse(): ResponseMap[ZdoClusterId.START_KEY_NEGOTIATION_RESPONSE] {
+        // INVALID_TLV, MISSING_TLV, TEMPORARY_FAILURE, NOT_AUTHORIZED
+        const status: Status = this.readUInt8();
+        let result: StartKeyNegotiationResponse | undefined;
+
+        if (status === Status.SUCCESS) {
+            const localTLVs = new Map<number, LocalTLVReader>([
+                // Local: ID: 0x00: Curve25519PublicPointTLV
+                [0x00, this.readCurve25519PublicPointTLV],
+            ]);
+            const tlvs: Tlv[] = this.readTLVs(localTLVs);
+
+            result = {
+                tlvs,
+            };
+        }
+
+        return [status, result];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see ClusterId.RETRIEVE_AUTHENTICATION_TOKEN_RESPONSE
+     */
+    public readRetrieveAuthenticationTokenResponse(): ResponseMap[ZdoClusterId.RETRIEVE_AUTHENTICATION_TOKEN_RESPONSE] {
+        const status: Status = this.readUInt8();
+        let result: RetrieveAuthenticationTokenResponse | undefined;
+
+        if (status === Status.SUCCESS) {
+            // no local TLV
+            const tlvs: Tlv[] = this.readTLVs();
+
+            result = {
+                tlvs,
+            };
+        }
+
+        return [status, result];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see ClusterId.GET_AUTHENTICATION_LEVEL_RESPONSE
+     */
+    public readGetAuthenticationLevelResponse(): ResponseMap[ZdoClusterId.GET_AUTHENTICATION_LEVEL_RESPONSE] {
+        // NOT_SUPPORTED, INV_REQUESTTYPE, MISSING_TLV, and NOT_AUTHORIZED
+        const status: Status = this.readUInt8();
+        let result: GetAuthenticationLevelResponse | undefined;
+
+        if (status === Status.SUCCESS) {
+            const localTLVs = new Map<number, LocalTLVReader>([
+                // Local: ID: 0x00: DeviceAuthenticationLevelTLV
+                [0x00, this.readDeviceAuthenticationLevelTLV],
+            ]);
+            const tlvs: Tlv[] = this.readTLVs(localTLVs);
+
+            result = {
+                tlvs,
+            };
+        }
+
+        return [status, result];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see ClusterId.SET_CONFIGURATION_RESPONSE
+     */
+    public readSetConfigurationResponse(): ResponseMap[ZdoClusterId.SET_CONFIGURATION_RESPONSE] {
+        // INV_REQUESTTYPE, or NOT_SUPPORTED
+        const status: Status = this.readUInt8();
+        let result: SetConfigurationResponse | undefined;
+
+        if (status === Status.SUCCESS) {
+            const localTLVs = new Map<number, LocalTLVReader>([
+                // Local: ID: 0x00: ProcessingStatusTLV
+                [0x00, this.readProcessingStatusTLV],
+            ]);
+            const tlvs: Tlv[] = this.readTLVs(localTLVs);
+
+            result = {
+                tlvs,
+            };
+        }
+
+        return [status, result];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see ClusterId.GET_CONFIGURATION_RESPONSE
+     */
+    public readGetConfigurationResponse(): ResponseMap[ZdoClusterId.GET_CONFIGURATION_RESPONSE] {
+        // INV_REQUESTTYPE, or NOT_SUPPORTED
+        const status: Status = this.readUInt8();
+        let result: GetConfigurationResponse | undefined;
+
+        if (status === Status.SUCCESS) {
+            // Global: IDs: x, y, z
+            const tlvs: Tlv[] = this.readTLVs();
+
+            result = {
+                tlvs,
+            };
+        }
+
+        return [status, result];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see ClusterId.START_KEY_UPDATE_RESPONSE
+     * @returns No response payload, throws if not success
+     */
+    public readStartKeyUpdateResponse(): ResponseMap[ZdoClusterId.START_KEY_UPDATE_RESPONSE] {
+        // INV_REQUESTTYPE, NOT_AUTHORIZED or NOT_SUPPORTED
+        const status: Status = this.readUInt8();
+
+        return [status, undefined];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see ClusterId.DECOMMISSION_RESPONSE
+     * @returns No response payload, throws if not success
+     */
+    public readDecommissionResponse(): ResponseMap[ZdoClusterId.DECOMMISSION_RESPONSE] {
+        // INV_REQUESTTYPE, NOT_AUTHORIZED or NOT_SUPPORTED
+        const status: Status = this.readUInt8();
+
+        return [status, undefined];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see ClusterId.CHALLENGE_RESPONSE
+     */
+    public readChallengeResponse(): ResponseMap[ZdoClusterId.CHALLENGE_RESPONSE] {
+        const status: Status = this.readUInt8();
+        let result: ChallengeResponse | undefined;
+
+        if (status === Status.SUCCESS) {
+            const localTLVs = new Map<number, LocalTLVReader>([
+                // Local: ID: 0x00: APSFrameCounterResponseTLV
+                [0x00, this.readAPSFrameCounterResponseTLV],
+            ]);
+            const tlvs: Tlv[] = this.readTLVs(localTLVs);
+
+            result = {
+                tlvs,
+            };
+        }
+
+        return [status, result];
+    }
+}