xstate 6.0.0-alpha.53 → 6.0.0-alpha.55

package/dist/{createActor-4d94dd53.development.cjs.js → createActor-2213c48b.development.cjs.js}

@@ -1179,7 +1179,7 @@ async function executeEffects(effects, runtime) {
     await effect.exec(runtime);
   }
 }
-function resolveActionsWithContext(currentSnapshot, event, actorScope, actions) {
+function resolveActionsWithContext(currentSnapshot, event, actorScope, actions, internalEvents) {
   let intermediateSnapshot = currentSnapshot;
   const executableActions = [];
   for (const action of actions) {
@@ -1203,7 +1203,20 @@ function resolveActionsWithContext(currentSnapshot, event, actorScope, actions)
     };
     const isInline = typeof action === 'function';
     const actionRecord = getTransitionActionRecord(action);
-    const resolvedAction = isInline ? action : actionRecord ? actionRecord.action.bind(null, ...actionRecord.args) : false;
+    let resolvedActionArgs = actionRecord?.args;
+    if (actionRecord?.action === builtInActions['@xstate.sendTo'] && typeof actionRecord.args[1] === 'string') {
+      const childId = actionRecord.args[1];
+      const target = Object.hasOwn(intermediateSnapshot.children, childId) ? intermediateSnapshot.children[childId] : undefined;
+      if (!target) {
+        internalEvents?.push(createErrorPlatformEvent('communication', {
+          message: `Unable to send event to unknown child '${childId}'`,
+          event: actionRecord.args[2]
+        }));
+        continue;
+      }
+      resolvedActionArgs = [actionRecord.args[0], target, ...actionRecord.args.slice(2)];
+    }
+    const resolvedAction = isInline ? action : actionRecord ? actionRecord.action.bind(null, ...resolvedActionArgs) : false;
     let actionParams = undefined;
     if (typeof action === 'object' && action !== null) {
       const {
@@ -1244,13 +1257,13 @@ function resolveActionsWithContext(currentSnapshot, event, actorScope, actions)
       continue;
     }
     if (!resolvedAction || !('resolve' in resolvedAction)) {
-      const builtInFields = typeof action === 'object' && action !== null && 'action' in action && typeof action.action === 'function' ? getBuiltInActionFields(action.action, action.args) : undefined;
+      const builtInFields = typeof action === 'object' && action !== null && 'action' in action && typeof action.action === 'function' ? getBuiltInActionFields(action.action, resolvedActionArgs) : undefined;
       const isEmittedEvent = typeof action === 'object' && action !== null && !actionRecord;
       const executableAction = {
         kind: builtInFields ? 'builtin' : isEmittedEvent ? 'emit' : 'action',
         type: typeof action === 'object' ? 'action' in action && typeof action.action === 'function' ? action.action.name ?? '(anonymous)' : action.type : action.name || '(anonymous)',
         params: builtInFields ? undefined : actionParams,
-        args: typeof action === 'object' && 'action' in action ? action.args : [],
+        args: typeof action === 'object' && 'action' in action ? resolvedActionArgs : [],
         ...(builtInFields ? {} : isEmittedEvent ? {
           source: actorScope.self,
           event: action
@@ -2798,12 +2811,12 @@ function microstep(transitions, currentSnapshot, actorScope, event, isInitial, i
             context: nextContext
           });
         }
-        const [resolvedState, resolvedActions] = resolveActionsWithContext(nextState, event, actorScope, exitActions);
+        const [resolvedState, resolvedActions] = resolveActionsWithContext(nextState, event, actorScope, exitActions, internalQueue);
         nextState = resolvedState;
         executableActions.push(...resolvedActions);
         const invokeStopActions = getInvokeStopActions(exitStateNode, nextState.children);
         if (invokeStopActions.length) {
-          const [stoppedState, stopEffects] = resolveActionsWithContext(nextState, event, actorScope, invokeStopActions);
+          const [stoppedState, stopEffects] = resolveActionsWithContext(nextState, event, actorScope, invokeStopActions, internalQueue);
           nextState = stoppedState;
           executableActions.push(...stopEffects);
         }
@@ -2934,14 +2947,18 @@ function microstep(transitions, currentSnapshot, actorScope, event, isInitial, i
           }
         }
       };
+      const enteredTargetsByTransition = new Map();
       for (const transition of filteredTransitions) {
         const domain = getTransitionDomain(transition, currentSnapshot, getCurrentTransitionResult);
         const {
           targets,
           reenter
         } = getCurrentTransitionResult(transition);
+        const enteredTargets = new Set();
+        enteredTargetsByTransition.set(transition, enteredTargets);
         for (const targetNode of targets ?? []) {
           if (!isHistoryNode(targetNode) && (transition.source !== targetNode || transition.source !== domain || reenter)) {
+            enteredTargets.add(targetNode);
             statesToEnter.add(targetNode);
             statesForDefaultEntry.add(targetNode);
           }
@@ -2977,7 +2994,7 @@ function microstep(transitions, currentSnapshot, actorScope, event, isInitial, i
           input
         } = getCurrentTransitionResult(transition);
         if (input && targets) {
-          for (const targetNode of targets) {
+          for (const targetNode of targets.filter(targetNode => enteredTargetsByTransition.get(transition)?.has(targetNode))) {
             stateInputMap[targetNode.id] = input;
             stateInputsChanged = true;
           }
@@ -3076,7 +3093,7 @@ function microstep(transitions, currentSnapshot, actorScope, event, isInitial, i
             }
           }
         }
-        const [resolvedState, resolvedActions] = resolveActionsWithContext(nextState, event, actorScope, actions);
+        const [resolvedState, resolvedActions] = resolveActionsWithContext(nextState, event, actorScope, actions, internalQueue);
         nextState = resolvedState;
         actions.length = 0;
         executableActions.push(...resolvedActions);
@@ -3125,7 +3142,7 @@ function microstep(transitions, currentSnapshot, actorScope, event, isInitial, i
     };
 
     // Execute transition content
-    const [resolvedTransitionState, transitionExecutableActions] = resolveActionsWithContext(nextState, event, actorScope, transitionActions);
+    const [resolvedTransitionState, transitionExecutableActions] = resolveActionsWithContext(nextState, event, actorScope, transitionActions, internalQueue);
     nextState = resolvedTransitionState;
     executableActions.push(...transitionExecutableActions);
     if (context && context !== currentSnapshot.context) {
@@ -3152,7 +3169,7 @@ function microstep(transitions, currentSnapshot, actorScope, event, isInitial, i
           }
         }
       });
-      const [resolvedState, resolvedActions] = resolveActionsWithContext(nextState, event, actorScope, allExitActions);
+      const [resolvedState, resolvedActions] = resolveActionsWithContext(nextState, event, actorScope, allExitActions, internalQueue);
       nextState = resolvedState;
       executableActions.push(...resolvedActions);
       const [stoppedState, stopEffects] = stopChildren(nextState, event, actorScope);
@@ -4127,7 +4144,10 @@ function toObserver(nextHandler, errorHandler, completionHandler) {
   return {
     next: (isObserver ? nextHandler.next : nextHandler)?.bind(self),
     error: (isObserver ? nextHandler.error : errorHandler)?.bind(self),
-    complete: (isObserver ? nextHandler.complete : completionHandler)?.bind(self)
+    complete: (isObserver ? nextHandler.complete : completionHandler)?.bind(self),
+    ...(isObserver && nextHandler.passive ? {
+      passive: true
+    } : {})
   };
 }
 function createInvokeId(stateNodeId, index) {
@@ -5034,6 +5054,8 @@ class Actor {
     this.mailbox = void 0;
     this._mailboxStarted = false;
     this.observers = void 0;
+    /** Whether a consumer subscribed to this actor's error after it errored. */
+    this._errorObserved = false;
     this.eventListeners = void 0;
     this.logger = void 0;
     /** @internal */
@@ -5228,7 +5250,15 @@ class Actor {
       const saveExecutingCustomAction = executingCustomAction;
       try {
         executingCustomAction = true;
-        void action.exec();
+        const result = action.exec();
+        if (result && typeof result.then === 'function') {
+          void Promise.resolve(result).catch(err => {
+            if (this._processingStatus === ProcessingStatus.Stopped) {
+              return;
+            }
+            this._recoverOrError(err);
+          });
+        }
       } finally {
         executingCustomAction = saveExecutingCustomAction;
       }
@@ -5438,6 +5468,9 @@ class Actor {
             if (!observer.error) {
               reportUnhandledError(err);
             } else {
+              if (!observer.passive) {
+                this._errorObserved = true;
+              }
               safeCall(observer.error, err);
             }
             break;
@@ -5692,22 +5725,41 @@ class Actor {
     this.observers?.clear();
     this.eventListeners?.clear();
   }
+
+  /**
+   * Reports an unhandled error unless a consumer observes it before the
+   * report runs. An actor can error before its creator has a chance to
+   * subscribe, so the check waits one macrotask for a subscriber with an
+   * `error` callback.
+   */
+  _reportUnlessObserved(err) {
+    setTimeout(() => {
+      if (!this._errorObserved) {
+        reportUnhandledError(err);
+      }
+    });
+  }
   _error(err) {
     this._stopProcedure();
     if (!this.observers?.size) {
       if (!this._parent) {
-        reportUnhandledError(err);
+        this._reportUnlessObserved(err);
       }
     } else {
       let reportError = false;
+      let handled = false;
       for (const observer of this.observers) {
         const errorListener = observer.error;
-        reportError ||= !errorListener;
+        if (!observer.passive) {
+          reportError ||= !errorListener;
+          handled ||= !!errorListener;
+        }
         safeCall(errorListener, err);
       }
+      reportError ||= !handled;
       this.observers.clear();
       if (reportError) {
-        reportUnhandledError(err);
+        this._reportUnlessObserved(err);
       }
     }
     this.eventListeners?.clear();

package/dist/{createActor-41e3bbc3.development.esm.js → createActor-3dc6cdb7.development.esm.js}

@@ -1177,7 +1177,7 @@ async function executeEffects(effects, runtime) {
     await effect.exec(runtime);
   }
 }
-function resolveActionsWithContext(currentSnapshot, event, actorScope, actions) {
+function resolveActionsWithContext(currentSnapshot, event, actorScope, actions, internalEvents) {
   let intermediateSnapshot = currentSnapshot;
   const executableActions = [];
   for (const action of actions) {
@@ -1201,7 +1201,20 @@ function resolveActionsWithContext(currentSnapshot, event, actorScope, actions)
     };
     const isInline = typeof action === 'function';
     const actionRecord = getTransitionActionRecord(action);
-    const resolvedAction = isInline ? action : actionRecord ? actionRecord.action.bind(null, ...actionRecord.args) : false;
+    let resolvedActionArgs = actionRecord?.args;
+    if (actionRecord?.action === builtInActions['@xstate.sendTo'] && typeof actionRecord.args[1] === 'string') {
+      const childId = actionRecord.args[1];
+      const target = Object.hasOwn(intermediateSnapshot.children, childId) ? intermediateSnapshot.children[childId] : undefined;
+      if (!target) {
+        internalEvents?.push(createErrorPlatformEvent('communication', {
+          message: `Unable to send event to unknown child '${childId}'`,
+          event: actionRecord.args[2]
+        }));
+        continue;
+      }
+      resolvedActionArgs = [actionRecord.args[0], target, ...actionRecord.args.slice(2)];
+    }
+    const resolvedAction = isInline ? action : actionRecord ? actionRecord.action.bind(null, ...resolvedActionArgs) : false;
     let actionParams = undefined;
     if (typeof action === 'object' && action !== null) {
       const {
@@ -1242,13 +1255,13 @@ function resolveActionsWithContext(currentSnapshot, event, actorScope, actions)
       continue;
     }
     if (!resolvedAction || !('resolve' in resolvedAction)) {
-      const builtInFields = typeof action === 'object' && action !== null && 'action' in action && typeof action.action === 'function' ? getBuiltInActionFields(action.action, action.args) : undefined;
+      const builtInFields = typeof action === 'object' && action !== null && 'action' in action && typeof action.action === 'function' ? getBuiltInActionFields(action.action, resolvedActionArgs) : undefined;
       const isEmittedEvent = typeof action === 'object' && action !== null && !actionRecord;
       const executableAction = {
         kind: builtInFields ? 'builtin' : isEmittedEvent ? 'emit' : 'action',
         type: typeof action === 'object' ? 'action' in action && typeof action.action === 'function' ? action.action.name ?? '(anonymous)' : action.type : action.name || '(anonymous)',
         params: builtInFields ? undefined : actionParams,
-        args: typeof action === 'object' && 'action' in action ? action.args : [],
+        args: typeof action === 'object' && 'action' in action ? resolvedActionArgs : [],
         ...(builtInFields ? {} : isEmittedEvent ? {
           source: actorScope.self,
           event: action
@@ -2796,12 +2809,12 @@ function microstep(transitions, currentSnapshot, actorScope, event, isInitial, i
             context: nextContext
           });
         }
-        const [resolvedState, resolvedActions] = resolveActionsWithContext(nextState, event, actorScope, exitActions);
+        const [resolvedState, resolvedActions] = resolveActionsWithContext(nextState, event, actorScope, exitActions, internalQueue);
         nextState = resolvedState;
         executableActions.push(...resolvedActions);
         const invokeStopActions = getInvokeStopActions(exitStateNode, nextState.children);
         if (invokeStopActions.length) {
-          const [stoppedState, stopEffects] = resolveActionsWithContext(nextState, event, actorScope, invokeStopActions);
+          const [stoppedState, stopEffects] = resolveActionsWithContext(nextState, event, actorScope, invokeStopActions, internalQueue);
           nextState = stoppedState;
           executableActions.push(...stopEffects);
         }
@@ -2932,14 +2945,18 @@ function microstep(transitions, currentSnapshot, actorScope, event, isInitial, i
           }
         }
       };
+      const enteredTargetsByTransition = new Map();
       for (const transition of filteredTransitions) {
         const domain = getTransitionDomain(transition, currentSnapshot, getCurrentTransitionResult);
         const {
           targets,
           reenter
         } = getCurrentTransitionResult(transition);
+        const enteredTargets = new Set();
+        enteredTargetsByTransition.set(transition, enteredTargets);
         for (const targetNode of targets ?? []) {
           if (!isHistoryNode(targetNode) && (transition.source !== targetNode || transition.source !== domain || reenter)) {
+            enteredTargets.add(targetNode);
             statesToEnter.add(targetNode);
             statesForDefaultEntry.add(targetNode);
           }
@@ -2975,7 +2992,7 @@ function microstep(transitions, currentSnapshot, actorScope, event, isInitial, i
           input
         } = getCurrentTransitionResult(transition);
         if (input && targets) {
-          for (const targetNode of targets) {
+          for (const targetNode of targets.filter(targetNode => enteredTargetsByTransition.get(transition)?.has(targetNode))) {
             stateInputMap[targetNode.id] = input;
             stateInputsChanged = true;
           }
@@ -3074,7 +3091,7 @@ function microstep(transitions, currentSnapshot, actorScope, event, isInitial, i
             }
           }
         }
-        const [resolvedState, resolvedActions] = resolveActionsWithContext(nextState, event, actorScope, actions);
+        const [resolvedState, resolvedActions] = resolveActionsWithContext(nextState, event, actorScope, actions, internalQueue);
         nextState = resolvedState;
         actions.length = 0;
         executableActions.push(...resolvedActions);
@@ -3123,7 +3140,7 @@ function microstep(transitions, currentSnapshot, actorScope, event, isInitial, i
     };
 
     // Execute transition content
-    const [resolvedTransitionState, transitionExecutableActions] = resolveActionsWithContext(nextState, event, actorScope, transitionActions);
+    const [resolvedTransitionState, transitionExecutableActions] = resolveActionsWithContext(nextState, event, actorScope, transitionActions, internalQueue);
     nextState = resolvedTransitionState;
     executableActions.push(...transitionExecutableActions);
     if (context && context !== currentSnapshot.context) {
@@ -3150,7 +3167,7 @@ function microstep(transitions, currentSnapshot, actorScope, event, isInitial, i
           }
         }
       });
-      const [resolvedState, resolvedActions] = resolveActionsWithContext(nextState, event, actorScope, allExitActions);
+      const [resolvedState, resolvedActions] = resolveActionsWithContext(nextState, event, actorScope, allExitActions, internalQueue);
       nextState = resolvedState;
       executableActions.push(...resolvedActions);
       const [stoppedState, stopEffects] = stopChildren(nextState, event, actorScope);
@@ -4125,7 +4142,10 @@ function toObserver(nextHandler, errorHandler, completionHandler) {
   return {
     next: (isObserver ? nextHandler.next : nextHandler)?.bind(self),
     error: (isObserver ? nextHandler.error : errorHandler)?.bind(self),
-    complete: (isObserver ? nextHandler.complete : completionHandler)?.bind(self)
+    complete: (isObserver ? nextHandler.complete : completionHandler)?.bind(self),
+    ...(isObserver && nextHandler.passive ? {
+      passive: true
+    } : {})
   };
 }
 function createInvokeId(stateNodeId, index) {
@@ -5032,6 +5052,8 @@ class Actor {
     this.mailbox = void 0;
     this._mailboxStarted = false;
     this.observers = void 0;
+    /** Whether a consumer subscribed to this actor's error after it errored. */
+    this._errorObserved = false;
     this.eventListeners = void 0;
     this.logger = void 0;
     /** @internal */
@@ -5226,7 +5248,15 @@ class Actor {
       const saveExecutingCustomAction = executingCustomAction;
       try {
         executingCustomAction = true;
-        void action.exec();
+        const result = action.exec();
+        if (result && typeof result.then === 'function') {
+          void Promise.resolve(result).catch(err => {
+            if (this._processingStatus === ProcessingStatus.Stopped) {
+              return;
+            }
+            this._recoverOrError(err);
+          });
+        }
       } finally {
         executingCustomAction = saveExecutingCustomAction;
       }
@@ -5436,6 +5466,9 @@ class Actor {
             if (!observer.error) {
               reportUnhandledError(err);
             } else {
+              if (!observer.passive) {
+                this._errorObserved = true;
+              }
               safeCall(observer.error, err);
             }
             break;
@@ -5690,22 +5723,41 @@ class Actor {
     this.observers?.clear();
     this.eventListeners?.clear();
   }
+
+  /**
+   * Reports an unhandled error unless a consumer observes it before the
+   * report runs. An actor can error before its creator has a chance to
+   * subscribe, so the check waits one macrotask for a subscriber with an
+   * `error` callback.
+   */
+  _reportUnlessObserved(err) {
+    setTimeout(() => {
+      if (!this._errorObserved) {
+        reportUnhandledError(err);
+      }
+    });
+  }
   _error(err) {
     this._stopProcedure();
     if (!this.observers?.size) {
       if (!this._parent) {
-        reportUnhandledError(err);
+        this._reportUnlessObserved(err);
       }
     } else {
       let reportError = false;
+      let handled = false;
       for (const observer of this.observers) {
         const errorListener = observer.error;
-        reportError ||= !errorListener;
+        if (!observer.passive) {
+          reportError ||= !errorListener;
+          handled ||= !!errorListener;
+        }
         safeCall(errorListener, err);
       }
+      reportError ||= !handled;
       this.observers.clear();
       if (reportError) {
-        reportUnhandledError(err);
+        this._reportUnlessObserved(err);
       }
     }
     this.eventListeners?.clear();

package/dist/{createActor-20277025.cjs.js → createActor-c4723a2b.cjs.js}

@@ -1171,7 +1171,7 @@ async function executeEffects(effects, runtime) {
     await effect.exec(runtime);
   }
 }
-function resolveActionsWithContext(currentSnapshot, event, actorScope, actions) {
+function resolveActionsWithContext(currentSnapshot, event, actorScope, actions, internalEvents) {
   let intermediateSnapshot = currentSnapshot;
   const executableActions = [];
   for (const action of actions) {
@@ -1195,7 +1195,20 @@ function resolveActionsWithContext(currentSnapshot, event, actorScope, actions)
     };
     const isInline = typeof action === 'function';
     const actionRecord = getTransitionActionRecord(action);
-    const resolvedAction = isInline ? action : actionRecord ? actionRecord.action.bind(null, ...actionRecord.args) : false;
+    let resolvedActionArgs = actionRecord?.args;
+    if (actionRecord?.action === builtInActions['@xstate.sendTo'] && typeof actionRecord.args[1] === 'string') {
+      const childId = actionRecord.args[1];
+      const target = Object.hasOwn(intermediateSnapshot.children, childId) ? intermediateSnapshot.children[childId] : undefined;
+      if (!target) {
+        internalEvents?.push(createErrorPlatformEvent('communication', {
+          message: `Unable to send event to unknown child '${childId}'`,
+          event: actionRecord.args[2]
+        }));
+        continue;
+      }
+      resolvedActionArgs = [actionRecord.args[0], target, ...actionRecord.args.slice(2)];
+    }
+    const resolvedAction = isInline ? action : actionRecord ? actionRecord.action.bind(null, ...resolvedActionArgs) : false;
     let actionParams = undefined;
     if (typeof action === 'object' && action !== null) {
       const {
@@ -1236,13 +1249,13 @@ function resolveActionsWithContext(currentSnapshot, event, actorScope, actions)
       continue;
     }
     if (!resolvedAction || !('resolve' in resolvedAction)) {
-      const builtInFields = typeof action === 'object' && action !== null && 'action' in action && typeof action.action === 'function' ? getBuiltInActionFields(action.action, action.args) : undefined;
+      const builtInFields = typeof action === 'object' && action !== null && 'action' in action && typeof action.action === 'function' ? getBuiltInActionFields(action.action, resolvedActionArgs) : undefined;
       const isEmittedEvent = typeof action === 'object' && action !== null && !actionRecord;
       const executableAction = {
         kind: builtInFields ? 'builtin' : isEmittedEvent ? 'emit' : 'action',
         type: typeof action === 'object' ? 'action' in action && typeof action.action === 'function' ? action.action.name ?? '(anonymous)' : action.type : action.name || '(anonymous)',
         params: builtInFields ? undefined : actionParams,
-        args: typeof action === 'object' && 'action' in action ? action.args : [],
+        args: typeof action === 'object' && 'action' in action ? resolvedActionArgs : [],
         ...(builtInFields ? {} : isEmittedEvent ? {
           source: actorScope.self,
           event: action
@@ -2780,12 +2793,12 @@ function microstep(transitions, currentSnapshot, actorScope, event, isInitial, i
             context: nextContext
           });
         }
-        const [resolvedState, resolvedActions] = resolveActionsWithContext(nextState, event, actorScope, exitActions);
+        const [resolvedState, resolvedActions] = resolveActionsWithContext(nextState, event, actorScope, exitActions, internalQueue);
         nextState = resolvedState;
         executableActions.push(...resolvedActions);
         const invokeStopActions = getInvokeStopActions(exitStateNode, nextState.children);
         if (invokeStopActions.length) {
-          const [stoppedState, stopEffects] = resolveActionsWithContext(nextState, event, actorScope, invokeStopActions);
+          const [stoppedState, stopEffects] = resolveActionsWithContext(nextState, event, actorScope, invokeStopActions, internalQueue);
           nextState = stoppedState;
           executableActions.push(...stopEffects);
         }
@@ -2916,14 +2929,18 @@ function microstep(transitions, currentSnapshot, actorScope, event, isInitial, i
           }
         }
       };
+      const enteredTargetsByTransition = new Map();
       for (const transition of filteredTransitions) {
         const domain = getTransitionDomain(transition, currentSnapshot, getCurrentTransitionResult);
         const {
           targets,
           reenter
         } = getCurrentTransitionResult(transition);
+        const enteredTargets = new Set();
+        enteredTargetsByTransition.set(transition, enteredTargets);
         for (const targetNode of targets ?? []) {
           if (!isHistoryNode(targetNode) && (transition.source !== targetNode || transition.source !== domain || reenter)) {
+            enteredTargets.add(targetNode);
             statesToEnter.add(targetNode);
             statesForDefaultEntry.add(targetNode);
           }
@@ -2959,7 +2976,7 @@ function microstep(transitions, currentSnapshot, actorScope, event, isInitial, i
           input
         } = getCurrentTransitionResult(transition);
         if (input && targets) {
-          for (const targetNode of targets) {
+          for (const targetNode of targets.filter(targetNode => enteredTargetsByTransition.get(transition)?.has(targetNode))) {
             stateInputMap[targetNode.id] = input;
             stateInputsChanged = true;
           }
@@ -3058,7 +3075,7 @@ function microstep(transitions, currentSnapshot, actorScope, event, isInitial, i
             }
           }
         }
-        const [resolvedState, resolvedActions] = resolveActionsWithContext(nextState, event, actorScope, actions);
+        const [resolvedState, resolvedActions] = resolveActionsWithContext(nextState, event, actorScope, actions, internalQueue);
         nextState = resolvedState;
         actions.length = 0;
         executableActions.push(...resolvedActions);
@@ -3107,7 +3124,7 @@ function microstep(transitions, currentSnapshot, actorScope, event, isInitial, i
     };
 
     // Execute transition content
-    const [resolvedTransitionState, transitionExecutableActions] = resolveActionsWithContext(nextState, event, actorScope, transitionActions);
+    const [resolvedTransitionState, transitionExecutableActions] = resolveActionsWithContext(nextState, event, actorScope, transitionActions, internalQueue);
     nextState = resolvedTransitionState;
     executableActions.push(...transitionExecutableActions);
     if (context && context !== currentSnapshot.context) {
@@ -3134,7 +3151,7 @@ function microstep(transitions, currentSnapshot, actorScope, event, isInitial, i
           }
         }
       });
-      const [resolvedState, resolvedActions] = resolveActionsWithContext(nextState, event, actorScope, allExitActions);
+      const [resolvedState, resolvedActions] = resolveActionsWithContext(nextState, event, actorScope, allExitActions, internalQueue);
       nextState = resolvedState;
       executableActions.push(...resolvedActions);
       const [stoppedState, stopEffects] = stopChildren(nextState, event, actorScope);
@@ -4103,7 +4120,10 @@ function toObserver(nextHandler, errorHandler, completionHandler) {
   return {
     next: (isObserver ? nextHandler.next : nextHandler)?.bind(self),
     error: (isObserver ? nextHandler.error : errorHandler)?.bind(self),
-    complete: (isObserver ? nextHandler.complete : completionHandler)?.bind(self)
+    complete: (isObserver ? nextHandler.complete : completionHandler)?.bind(self),
+    ...(isObserver && nextHandler.passive ? {
+      passive: true
+    } : {})
   };
 }
 function createInvokeId(stateNodeId, index) {
@@ -5001,6 +5021,8 @@ class Actor {
     this.mailbox = void 0;
     this._mailboxStarted = false;
     this.observers = void 0;
+    /** Whether a consumer subscribed to this actor's error after it errored. */
+    this._errorObserved = false;
     this.eventListeners = void 0;
     this.logger = void 0;
     /** @internal */
@@ -5195,7 +5217,15 @@ class Actor {
       const saveExecutingCustomAction = executingCustomAction;
       try {
         executingCustomAction = true;
-        void action.exec();
+        const result = action.exec();
+        if (result && typeof result.then === 'function') {
+          void Promise.resolve(result).catch(err => {
+            if (this._processingStatus === ProcessingStatus.Stopped) {
+              return;
+            }
+            this._recoverOrError(err);
+          });
+        }
       } finally {
         executingCustomAction = saveExecutingCustomAction;
       }
@@ -5405,6 +5435,9 @@ class Actor {
             if (!observer.error) {
               reportUnhandledError(err);
             } else {
+              if (!observer.passive) {
+                this._errorObserved = true;
+              }
               safeCall(observer.error, err);
             }
             break;
@@ -5659,22 +5692,41 @@ class Actor {
     this.observers?.clear();
     this.eventListeners?.clear();
   }
+
+  /**
+   * Reports an unhandled error unless a consumer observes it before the
+   * report runs. An actor can error before its creator has a chance to
+   * subscribe, so the check waits one macrotask for a subscriber with an
+   * `error` callback.
+   */
+  _reportUnlessObserved(err) {
+    setTimeout(() => {
+      if (!this._errorObserved) {
+        reportUnhandledError(err);
+      }
+    });
+  }
   _error(err) {
     this._stopProcedure();
     if (!this.observers?.size) {
       if (!this._parent) {
-        reportUnhandledError(err);
+        this._reportUnlessObserved(err);
       }
     } else {
       let reportError = false;
+      let handled = false;
       for (const observer of this.observers) {
         const errorListener = observer.error;
-        reportError ||= !errorListener;
+        if (!observer.passive) {
+          reportError ||= !errorListener;
+          handled ||= !!errorListener;
+        }
         safeCall(errorListener, err);
       }
+      reportError ||= !handled;
       this.observers.clear();
       if (reportError) {
-        reportUnhandledError(err);
+        this._reportUnlessObserved(err);
       }
     }
     this.eventListeners?.clear();