xbintsc 0.3.6 → 0.3.8

package/dist/tests/e2e/native-extensions.test.js

@@ -0,0 +1,175 @@
+/**
+ * End-to-end tests for native (C++ / Rust) extensions.
+ *
+ * Each case compiles a tiny native library to an `extern "C"` object/archive,
+ * describes it with a manifest and links it into a TypeScript program. The
+ * suite is skipped when the corresponding native toolchain is unavailable, so
+ * on a bare CI image nothing is compiled. Windows is skipped here (see
+ * examples/extensions/README.md): this suite resolves a compiler/archiver from
+ * `PATH`, which on Windows is the MSVC-ABI clang, while xbintsc links with the
+ * bundled MinGW-w64 toolchain. Windows coverage lives in the `compile-examples`
+ * CI job, which points `CXX`/`AR` at that bundled toolchain.
+ */
+import { mkdirSync, mkdtempSync, readFileSync, rmSync, writeFileSync } from "node:fs";
+import { tmpdir } from "node:os";
+import { join, resolve } from "node:path";
+import { spawnSync } from "node:child_process";
+import { afterAll, beforeAll, describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
+import { build } from "../../src/driver/compiler.js";
+import { createDefaultRegistry } from "../../src/extensions/registry.js";
+import { nativeExtensionFromManifest } from "../../src/extensions/native.js";
+import { findRuntimeDir } from "../../src/driver/paths.js";
+function firstAvailable(candidates) {
+    for (const candidate of candidates) {
+        if (!candidate)
+            continue;
+        const result = spawnSync(candidate, ["--version"], { encoding: "utf8" });
+        if (!result.error && result.status === 0)
+            return candidate;
+    }
+    return undefined;
+}
+/** Like {@link firstAvailable}, but tolerates tools whose `--version` exits non-zero (Apple `ar`). */
+function firstRunnable(candidates) {
+    for (const candidate of candidates) {
+        if (!candidate)
+            continue;
+        if (!spawnSync(candidate, ["--version"], { encoding: "utf8" }).error)
+            return candidate;
+    }
+    return undefined;
+}
+const cxx = firstAvailable([process.env.xbintsc_CXX, "clang++", "c++", "g++"]);
+const ar = firstRunnable([process.env.xbintsc_AR, "llvm-ar", "ar"]);
+const cargo = firstAvailable([process.env.CARGO, "cargo"]);
+/**
+ * Compile a C++ source into a static archive next to it.
+ */
+function buildCppArchive(dir, source, stem) {
+    const sourcePath = join(dir, `${stem}.cpp`);
+    const objectPath = join(dir, `${stem}.o`);
+    const archivePath = join(dir, `lib${stem}.a`);
+    writeFileSync(sourcePath, source);
+    const compiled = spawnSync(cxx, ["-O2", "-fPIC", "-I", findRuntimeDir(), "-c", sourcePath, "-o", objectPath], { encoding: "utf8" });
+    expect(compiled.status, compiled.stderr).toBe(0);
+    const archived = spawnSync(ar, ["rcs", archivePath, objectPath], { encoding: "utf8" });
+    expect(archived.status, archived.stderr).toBe(0);
+    return archivePath;
+}
+// Skipped on Windows: this suite uses PATH clang (MSVC ABI); see the file header.
+describe.skipIf(!cxx || !ar || process.platform === "win32")("native C++ extension", () => {
+    let workdir;
+    beforeAll(() => {
+        workdir = mkdtempSync(join(tmpdir(), "xbintsc-cxx-"));
+    });
+    afterAll(() => {
+        rmSync(workdir, { recursive: true, force: true });
+    });
+    it("links a C++ archive and calls into it from TypeScript", () => {
+        buildCppArchive(workdir, `
+      #include "xt_ext.h"
+      #include <string>
+      #include <algorithm>
+
+      XT_EXT_FN(mathx_add) {
+        return xt_number(xt_ext_number(argc, argv, 0, 0) + xt_ext_number(argc, argv, 1, 0));
+      }
+      XT_EXT_FN(mathx_reverse) {
+        size_t length = 0;
+        const char *text = xt_ext_string(argc, argv, 0, &length);
+        if (text == NULL) return xt_ext_string_value("", 0);
+        std::string reversed(text, length);
+        std::reverse(reversed.begin(), reversed.end());
+        return xt_ext_string_from(reversed);
+      }
+      `, "mathx");
+        const manifestPath = join(workdir, "cpp.manifest.json");
+        writeFileSync(manifestPath, JSON.stringify({
+            name: "mathx-cpp",
+            objects: ["libmathx.a"],
+            linkerFlagsByPlatform: {
+                linux: ["-lstdc++"],
+                darwin: ["-lc++"],
+            },
+            builtins: { cppClamp: { symbol: "mathx_add" } },
+            modules: {
+                mathx: {
+                    exports: {
+                        add: { symbol: "mathx_add" },
+                        reverse: { symbol: "mathx_reverse" },
+                    },
+                },
+            },
+        }));
+        const entry = join(workdir, "demo.ts");
+        writeFileSync(entry, `
+      import { add, reverse } from "mathx";
+      console.log("add", add(2, 3));
+      console.log("reverse", reverse("xbintsc"));
+      console.log("builtin", cppClamp(7, 1));
+      `);
+        const extensions = createDefaultRegistry().register(nativeExtensionFromManifest(manifestPath));
+        const result = build(entry, { emit: "exe", outDir: join(workdir, "out"), cacheDir: join(workdir, ".cache"), extensions });
+        expect(result.diagnostics.filter((d) => d.category === "error")).toEqual([]);
+        const executed = spawnSync(result.outputPath, [], { encoding: "utf8" });
+        expect(executed.status, executed.stderr).toBe(0);
+        expect(executed.stdout.trim()).toBe(["add 5", "reverse cstnibx", "builtin 8"].join("\n"));
+    });
+});
+// Skipped on Windows: this suite uses PATH clang (MSVC ABI); see the file header.
+describe.skipIf(!cargo || !cxx || !ar || process.platform === "win32")("native Rust extension", () => {
+    let workdir;
+    beforeAll(() => {
+        workdir = mkdtempSync(join(tmpdir(), "xbintsc-rust-"));
+        writeFileSync(join(workdir, "Cargo.toml"), `[package]
+name = "mathx"
+version = "0.1.0"
+edition = "2021"
+
+[lib]
+name = "mathx"
+crate-type = ["staticlib"]
+
+[profile.release]
+opt-level = 3
+`);
+        const sourceDir = join(workdir, "src");
+        mkdirSync(sourceDir, { recursive: true });
+        writeFileSync(join(sourceDir, "lib.rs"), `
+      include!("${resolve(findRuntimeDir(), "xt_ext.rs").replace(/\\/g, "/")}");
+
+      #[no_mangle]
+      pub extern "C" fn mathx_add(argc: i32, argv: *const XtValue) -> XtValue {
+          xt_number(arg_number(argc, argv, 0, 0.0) + arg_number(argc, argv, 1, 0.0))
+      }
+      `);
+    });
+    afterAll(() => {
+        rmSync(workdir, { recursive: true, force: true });
+    });
+    it("links a Rust staticlib and calls into it from TypeScript", () => {
+        const built = spawnSync(cargo, ["build", "--release"], { cwd: workdir, encoding: "utf8" });
+        expect(built.status, built.stderr).toBe(0);
+        const archive = join(workdir, "target", "release", "libmathx.a");
+        expect(readFileSync(archive).length).toBeGreaterThan(0);
+        const manifestPath = join(workdir, "rust.manifest.json");
+        writeFileSync(manifestPath, JSON.stringify({
+            name: "mathx-rust",
+            objects: ["target/release/libmathx.a"],
+            linkerFlagsByPlatform: {
+                linux: ["-lpthread", "-ldl", "-lm"],
+                darwin: ["-liconv", "-framework", "Security"],
+            },
+            modules: { mathx: { exports: { add: { symbol: "mathx_add" } } } },
+        }));
+        const entry = join(workdir, "demo.ts");
+        writeFileSync(entry, `import { add } from "mathx";\nconsole.log("add", add(20, 22));\n`);
+        const extensions = createDefaultRegistry().register(nativeExtensionFromManifest(manifestPath));
+        const result = build(entry, { emit: "exe", outDir: join(workdir, "out"), cacheDir: join(workdir, ".cache"), extensions });
+        expect(result.diagnostics.filter((d) => d.category === "error")).toEqual([]);
+        const executed = spawnSync(result.outputPath, [], { encoding: "utf8" });
+        expect(executed.status, executed.stderr).toBe(0);
+        expect(executed.stdout.trim()).toBe("add 42");
+    });
+});
+//# sourceMappingURL=native-extensions.test.js.map

package/dist/tests/e2e/native-extensions.test.js.map

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
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package/dist/tests/extensions/native.test.d.ts

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+export {};

package/dist/tests/extensions/native.test.js

@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+import { mkdtempSync, rmSync, writeFileSync } from "node:fs";
+import { tmpdir } from "node:os";
+import { join, resolve } from "node:path";
+import { afterAll, beforeAll, describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
+import { NativeExtensionError, loadNativeManifest, nativeExtensionFromManifest, parseNativeManifest, } from "../../src/extensions/native.js";
+import { ExtensionRegistry, createDefaultRegistry } from "../../src/extensions/registry.js";
+describe("parseNativeManifest", () => {
+    it("normalises a full manifest", () => {
+        const manifest = parseNativeManifest({
+            name: "mathx",
+            description: "C++ helpers",
+            objects: ["build/libmathx.a"],
+            linkerFlags: ["-lm"],
+            linkerFlagsByPlatform: { linux: ["-lstdc++"], darwin: ["-lc++"] },
+            builtins: { fastAdd: { symbol: "mathx_add" } },
+            modules: {
+                mathx: {
+                    exports: {
+                        add: { symbol: "mathx_add" },
+                        join: { namespace: "path", method: "join" },
+                        Thing: { symbol: "xt_thing_ctor", isConstructor: true },
+                    },
+                },
+            },
+        });
+        expect(manifest.name).toBe("mathx");
+        expect(manifest.objects).toEqual(["build/libmathx.a"]);
+        expect(manifest.linkerFlagsByPlatform?.darwin).toEqual(["-lc++"]);
+        expect(manifest.builtins?.fastAdd?.symbol).toBe("mathx_add");
+        expect(manifest.modules?.mathx?.exports?.join).toEqual({ namespace: "path", method: "join" });
+        expect(manifest.modules?.mathx?.exports?.Thing?.isConstructor).toBe(true);
+    });
+    it("defaults omitted collections to empty", () => {
+        const manifest = parseNativeManifest({ name: "bare" });
+        expect(manifest.objects).toEqual([]);
+        expect(manifest.linkerFlags).toEqual([]);
+        expect(manifest.builtins).toBeUndefined();
+        expect(manifest.modules).toBeUndefined();
+    });
+    it("rejects a missing or empty name", () => {
+        expect(() => parseNativeManifest({})).toThrow(NativeExtensionError);
+        expect(() => parseNativeManifest({ name: "   " })).toThrow(/non-empty 'name'/);
+    });
+    it("rejects a builtin without a symbol", () => {
+        expect(() => parseNativeManifest({ name: "x", builtins: { f: {} } })).toThrow(/'symbol'/);
+    });
+    it("rejects an export with neither symbol nor namespace", () => {
+        expect(() => parseNativeManifest({ name: "x", modules: { m: { exports: { f: {} } } } })).toThrow(/needs a 'symbol' or a 'namespace'/);
+    });
+    it("rejects non-string linker flags", () => {
+        expect(() => parseNativeManifest({ name: "x", linkerFlags: [42] })).toThrow(/array of strings/);
+    });
+});
+describe("nativeExtensionFromManifest", () => {
+    let workdir;
+    beforeAll(() => {
+        workdir = mkdtempSync(join(tmpdir(), "xbintsc-native-"));
+    });
+    afterAll(() => {
+        rmSync(workdir, { recursive: true, force: true });
+    });
+    function writeManifest(name, contents) {
+        const path = join(workdir, name);
+        writeFileSync(path, JSON.stringify(contents));
+        return path;
+    }
+    it("resolves objects relative to the manifest and verifies they exist", () => {
+        writeFileSync(join(workdir, "libmathx.a"), "fake archive");
+        const manifestPath = writeManifest("mathx.manifest.json", {
+            name: "mathx",
+            objects: ["libmathx.a"],
+            linkerFlagsByPlatform: { [process.platform]: ["-lc++"] },
+            builtins: { fastAdd: { symbol: "mathx_add" } },
+        });
+        const extension = nativeExtensionFromManifest(manifestPath);
+        expect(extension.name).toBe("mathx");
+        expect(extension.nativeObjects()).toEqual([resolve(workdir, "libmathx.a")]);
+        expect(extension.linkerFlags()).toEqual(["-lc++"]);
+        expect(extension.builtins().fastAdd?.symbol).toBe("mathx_add");
+    });
+    it("throws a helpful error for a missing object", () => {
+        const manifestPath = writeManifest("missing.manifest.json", {
+            name: "missing",
+            objects: ["libnope.a"],
+        });
+        expect(() => nativeExtensionFromManifest(manifestPath)).toThrow(/references missing object/);
+    });
+    it("reports invalid JSON", () => {
+        const path = join(workdir, "broken.json");
+        writeFileSync(path, "{ not json");
+        expect(() => loadNativeManifest(path)).toThrow(/not valid JSON/);
+    });
+    it("flattens native objects through the registry", () => {
+        writeFileSync(join(workdir, "libdemo.a"), "fake");
+        const manifestPath = writeManifest("demo.manifest.json", { name: "demo", objects: ["libdemo.a"] });
+        const registry = createDefaultRegistry().register(nativeExtensionFromManifest(manifestPath));
+        expect(registry.nativeObjects()).toEqual([resolve(workdir, "libdemo.a")]);
+        expect(new ExtensionRegistry().nativeObjects()).toEqual([]);
+    });
+});
+//# sourceMappingURL=native.test.js.map

package/dist/tests/extensions/native.test.js.map

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
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AAC,2BAA2B,CAAC,YAAY,CAAC,CAAC,CAAC;QAC7F,MAAM,CAAC,QAAQ,CAAC,aAAa,EAAE,CAAC,CAAC,OAAO,CAAC,CAAC,OAAO,CAAC,OAAO,EAAE,WAAW,CAAC,CAAC,CAAC,CAAC;QAC1E,MAAM,CAAC,IAAI,iBAAiB,EAAE,CAAC,aAAa,EAAE,CAAC,CAAC,OAAO,CAAC,EAAE,CAAC,CAAC;IAC9D,CAAC,CAAC,CAAC;AACL,CAAC,CAAC,CAAC"}

package/dist/tests/lexer/numbers.test.js

@@ -14,6 +14,15 @@ describe("numeric literal edge cases", () => {
         expect(diagnostics.some((d) => d.code === DiagnosticCode.InvalidNumber)).toBe(true);
         expect(tokens[0].kind).toBe(TokenKind.BigIntLiteral);
     });
+    it("preserves arbitrary-precision BigInt values exactly", () => {
+        const { tokens, diagnostics } = lex("123456789012345678901234567890n");
+        expect(diagnostics).toHaveLength(0);
+        expect(tokens[0]).toMatchObject({
+            kind: TokenKind.BigIntLiteral,
+            text: "123456789012345678901234567890",
+            value: 123456789012345678901234567890n,
+        });
+    });
     it("reports an invalid numeric literal and recovers with value 0", () => {
         const { tokens, diagnostics } = lex("0b2");
         expect(diagnostics.some((d) => d.code === DiagnosticCode.InvalidNumber)).toBe(true);

package/dist/tests/lexer/numbers.test.js.map

@@ -1 +1 @@
-{"version":3,"file":"numbers.test.js","sourceRoot":"","sources":["../../../tests/lexer/numbers.test.ts"],"names":[],"mappings":"AAAA,OAAO,EAAE,QAAQ,EAAE,MAAM,EAAE,EAAE,EAAE,MAAM,QAAQ,CAAC;AAC9C,OAAO,EAAE,GAAG,EAAE,MAAM,eAAe,CAAC;AACpC,OAAO,EAAE,SAAS,EAAE,MAAM,0BAA0B,CAAC;AACrD,OAAO,EAAE,cAAc,EAAE,MAAM,qCAAqC,CAAC;AAErE,QAAQ,CAAC,4BAA4B,EAAE,GAAG,EAAE;IAC1C,EAAE,CAAC,oEAAoE,EAAE,GAAG,EAAE;QAC5E,MAAM,EAAE,MAAM,EAAE,WAAW,EAAE,GAAG,GAAG,CAAC,IAAI,CAAC,CAAC;QAC1C,MAAM,CAAC,WAAW,CAAC,CAAC,YAAY,CAAC,CAAC,CAAC,CAAC;QACpC,MAAM,CAAC,MAAM,CAAC,CAAC,CAAC,CAAC,CAAC,aAAa,CAAC,EAAE,IAAI,EAAE,SAAS,CAAC,cAAc,EAAE,IAAI,EAAE,GAAG,EAAE,KAAK,EAAE,CAAC,EAAE,CAAC,CAAC;QACzF,MAAM,CAAC,MAAM,CAAC,CAAC,CAAE,CAAC,IAAI,CAAC,CAAC,IAAI,CAAC,SAAS,CAAC,UAAU,CAAC,CAAC;IACrD,CAAC,CAAC,CAAC;IAEH,EAAE,CAAC,mCAAmC,EAAE,GAAG,EAAE;QAC3C,MAAM,EAAE,MAAM,EAAE,WAAW,EAAE,GAAG,GAAG,CAAC,MAAM,CAAC,CAAC;QAC5C,MAAM,CAAC,WAAW,CAAC,IAAI,CAAC,CAAC,CAAC,EAAE,EAAE,CAAC,CAAC,CAAC,IAAI,KAAK,cAAc,CAAC,aAAa,CAAC,CAAC,CAAC,IAAI,CAAC,IAAI,CAAC,CAAC;QACpF,MAAM,CAAC,MAAM,CAAC,CAAC,CAAE,CAAC,IAAI,CAAC,CAAC,IAAI,CAAC,SAAS,CAAC,aAAa,CAAC,CAAC;IACxD,CAAC,CAAC,CAAC;IAEH,EAAE,CAAC,8DAA8D,EAAE,GAAG,EAAE;QACtE,MAAM,EAAE,MAAM,EAAE,WAAW,EAAE,GAAG,GAAG,CAAC,KAAK,CAAC,CAAC;QAC3C,MAAM,CAAC,WAAW,CAAC,IAAI,CAAC,CAAC,CAAC,EAAE,EAAE,CAAC,CAAC,CAAC,IAAI,KAAK,cAAc,CAAC,aAAa,CAAC,CAAC,CAAC,IAAI,CAAC,IAAI,CAAC,CAAC;QACpF,MAAM,CAAC,MAAM,CAAC,CAAC,CAAC,CAAC,CAAC,aAAa,CAAC,EAAE,IAAI,EAAE,SAAS,CAAC,cAAc,EAAE,KAAK,EAAE,CAAC,EAAE,CAAC,CAAC;IAChF,CAAC,CAAC,CAAC;AACL,CAAC,CAAC,CAAC"}
+{"version":3,"file":"numbers.test.js","sourceRoot":"","sources":["../../../tests/lexer/numbers.test.ts"],"names":[],"mappings":"AAAA,OAAO,EAAE,QAAQ,EAAE,MAAM,EAAE,EAAE,EAAE,MAAM,QAAQ,CAAC;AAC9C,OAAO,EAAE,GAAG,EAAE,MAAM,eAAe,CAAC;AACpC,OAAO,EAAE,SAAS,EAAE,MAAM,0BAA0B,CAAC;AACrD,OAAO,EAAE,cAAc,EAAE,MAAM,qCAAqC,CAAC;AAErE,QAAQ,CAAC,4BAA4B,EAAE,GAAG,EAAE;IAC1C,EAAE,CAAC,oEAAoE,EAAE,GAAG,EAAE;QAC5E,MAAM,EAAE,MAAM,EAAE,WAAW,EAAE,GAAG,GAAG,CAAC,IAAI,CAAC,CAAC;QAC1C,MAAM,CAAC,WAAW,CAAC,CAAC,YAAY,CAAC,CAAC,CAAC,CAAC;QACpC,MAAM,CAAC,MAAM,CAAC,CAAC,CAAC,CAAC,CAAC,aAAa,CAAC,EAAE,IAAI,EAAE,SAAS,CAAC,cAAc,EAAE,IAAI,EAAE,GAAG,EAAE,KAAK,EAAE,CAAC,EAAE,CAAC,CAAC;QACzF,MAAM,CAAC,MAAM,CAAC,CAAC,CAAE,CAAC,IAAI,CAAC,CAAC,IAAI,CAAC,SAAS,CAAC,UAAU,CAAC,CAAC;IACrD,CAAC,CAAC,CAAC;IAEH,EAAE,CAAC,mCAAmC,EAAE,GAAG,EAAE;QAC3C,MAAM,EAAE,MAAM,EAAE,WAAW,EAAE,GAAG,GAAG,CAAC,MAAM,CAAC,CAAC;QAC5C,MAAM,CAAC,WAAW,CAAC,IAAI,CAAC,CAAC,CAAC,EAAE,EAAE,CAAC,CAAC,CAAC,IAAI,KAAK,cAAc,CAAC,aAAa,CAAC,CAAC,CAAC,IAAI,CAAC,IAAI,CAAC,CAAC;QACpF,MAAM,CAAC,MAAM,CAAC,CAAC,CAAE,CAAC,IAAI,CAAC,CAAC,IAAI,CAAC,SAAS,CAAC,aAAa,CAAC,CAAC;IACxD,CAAC,CAAC,CAAC;IAEH,EAAE,CAAC,qDAAqD,EAAE,GAAG,EAAE;QAC7D,MAAM,EAAE,MAAM,EAAE,WAAW,EAAE,GAAG,GAAG,CAAC,iCAAiC,CAAC,CAAC;QACvE,MAAM,CAAC,WAAW,CAAC,CAAC,YAAY,CAAC,CAAC,CAAC,CAAC;QACpC,MAAM,CAAC,MAAM,CAAC,CAAC,CAAC,CAAC,CAAC,aAAa,CAAC;YAC9B,IAAI,EAAE,SAAS,CAAC,aAAa;YAC7B,IAAI,EAAE,gCAAgC;YACtC,KAAK,EAAE,+BAA+B;SACvC,CAAC,CAAC;IACL,CAAC,CAAC,CAAC;IAEH,EAAE,CAAC,8DAA8D,EAAE,GAAG,EAAE;QACtE,MAAM,EAAE,MAAM,EAAE,WAAW,EAAE,GAAG,GAAG,CAAC,KAAK,CAAC,CAAC;QAC3C,MAAM,CAAC,WAAW,CAAC,IAAI,CAAC,CAAC,CAAC,EAAE,EAAE,CAAC,CAAC,CAAC,IAAI,KAAK,cAAc,CAAC,aAAa,CAAC,CAAC,CAAC,IAAI,CAAC,IAAI,CAAC,CAAC;QACpF,MAAM,CAAC,MAAM,CAAC,CAAC,CAAC,CAAC,CAAC,aAAa,CAAC,EAAE,IAAI,EAAE,SAAS,CAAC,cAAc,EAAE,KAAK,EAAE,CAAC,EAAE,CAAC,CAAC;IAChF,CAAC,CAAC,CAAC;AACL,CAAC,CAAC,CAAC"}

package/dist/tests/parser/literals.test.js

@@ -41,6 +41,13 @@ describe("literal expressions", () => {
         expect(named.name.text).toBe("Named");
         expect(named.typeParameters).toHaveLength(1);
     });
+    it("keeps BigInt literal values exact as bigint", () => {
+        const { init, diagnostics } = initializerOf("const a = 123456789012345678901234567890n;");
+        expect(diagnostics).toHaveLength(0);
+        expect(init.kind).toBe(SyntaxKind.BigIntLiteral);
+        expect(typeof init.value).toBe("bigint");
+        expect(init.value).toBe(123456789012345678901234567890n);
+    });
     it("parses regular expression literals with flags", () => {
         const { init } = initializerOf("const r = /ab+c/gi;");
         expect(init.kind).toBe(SyntaxKind.RegularExpressionLiteral);

package/dist/tests/parser/literals.test.js.map

@@ -1 +1 @@
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package/package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "xbintsc",
-  "version": "0.3.6",
+  "version": "0.3.8",
   "description": "xbintsc - a TypeScript binary compiler (TypeScript -> LLVM IR -> native binary)",
   "type": "module",
   "license": "MIT",

package/runtime/xt_ext.h

@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+/*
+ * xbintsc native-extension helper header.
+ *
+ * Include this from a C or C++ extension that xbintsc links into a generated
+ * binary. It pulls in the runtime ABI (`rt.h`) and adds small helpers for the
+ * common job of reading the `(argc, argv)` arguments and building result
+ * values. In C++ everything is wrapped in `extern "C"` by `rt.h`, so a
+ * definition like
+ *
+ *     XT_EXT_FN(mathx_add) {
+ *       double a = xt_ext_number(argc, argv, 0, 0);
+ *       double b = xt_ext_number(argc, argv, 1, 0);
+ *       return xt_number(a + b);
+ *     }
+ *
+ * exports a symbol callable from TypeScript (via a native manifest) without any
+ * name mangling.
+ *
+ * Build the extension with the same clang that xbintsc uses, keeping the
+ * runtime directory on the include path:
+ *
+ *     clang++ -O2 -fPIC -I<runtime> -c mathx.cpp -o mathx.o
+ *     ar rcs libmathx.a mathx.o
+ */
+#ifndef XT_EXT_H
+#define XT_EXT_H
+
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+
+#include "rt.h"
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+#define XT_EXT_FN(name) extern "C" xt_value name(int32_t argc, xt_value *argv)
+#else
+#define XT_EXT_FN(name) xt_value name(int32_t argc, xt_value *argv)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * XT_EXT_FN(name) declares/defines an exported entry point with the signature
+ * the code generator uses for builtins and module exports:
+ *
+ *     xt_value name(int32_t argc, xt_value *argv);
+ *
+ * In C++ it also gives the definition C linkage, so the symbol is never
+ * name-mangled and the manifest can reference it directly.
+ */
+
+/** The `index`-th argument, or `undefined` when it was not supplied. */
+static inline xt_value xt_ext_arg(int32_t argc, xt_value *argv, int32_t index) {
+  if (argv == NULL || index < 0 || index >= argc) return XT_UNDEFINED;
+  return argv[index];
+}
+
+/** The `index`-th argument coerced to a number, or `fallback` when absent. */
+static inline double xt_ext_number(int32_t argc, xt_value *argv, int32_t index, double fallback) {
+  xt_value value = xt_ext_arg(argc, argv, index);
+  if (XT_IS_UNDEFINED(value)) return fallback;
+  return xt_to_number(value);
+}
+
+/** The `index`-th argument coerced to a 32-bit integer. */
+static inline int32_t xt_ext_int(int32_t argc, xt_value *argv, int32_t index, int32_t fallback) {
+  return (int32_t)xt_ext_number(argc, argv, index, (double)fallback);
+}
+
+/** The `index`-th argument coerced to a boolean. */
+static inline int xt_ext_bool(int32_t argc, xt_value *argv, int32_t index, int fallback) {
+  xt_value value = xt_ext_arg(argc, argv, index);
+  if (XT_IS_UNDEFINED(value)) return fallback;
+  return xt_truthy(value);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Borrow the UTF-8 bytes of the `index`-th argument when it is a string.
+ * Returns `NULL` and stores 0 in `*length` otherwise. The pointer stays valid
+ * for the lifetime of the value (the runtime arena never frees).
+ */
+static inline const char *xt_ext_string(int32_t argc, xt_value *argv, int32_t index, size_t *length) {
+  xt_value value = xt_ext_arg(argc, argv, index);
+  if (!XT_IS_STRING(value)) {
+    if (length != NULL) *length = 0;
+    return NULL;
+  }
+  if (length != NULL) *length = (size_t)xt_string_length_value(value);
+  return xt_string_data(value);
+}
+
+/** Build a string value from bytes. */
+static inline xt_value xt_ext_string_value(const char *data, size_t length) {
+  return xt_string_new(data, length);
+}
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+} /* extern "C" */
+
+#include <string>
+
+/** Convenience overload for `std::string` / string literals in C++. */
+static inline xt_value xt_ext_string_from(const std::string &text) {
+  return xt_string_new(text.data(), text.size());
+}
+#endif /* __cplusplus */
+
+#endif /* XT_EXT_H */

package/runtime/xt_ext.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+// xbintsc native-extension bindings for Rust.
+//
+// Include this file from a Rust `staticlib`/`cdylib` that xbintsc links into a
+// generated binary:
+//
+//     // src/lib.rs
+//     include!("../../runtime/xt_ext.rs");
+//
+//     #[no_mangle]
+//     pub extern "C" fn mathx_add(argc: i32, argv: *const XtValue) -> XtValue {
+//         let a = arg_number(argc, argv, 0, 0.0);
+//         let b = arg_number(argc, argv, 1, 0.0);
+//         xt_number(a + b)
+//     }
+//
+// The exported functions use the runtime ABI, so a native manifest maps them
+// exactly like C or C++ symbols: `xt_value name(int32_t argc, xt_value *argv)`.
+//
+// Build with the runtime directory reachable and produce a static library:
+//
+//     cargo build --release      # crate-type = ["staticlib"]
+//     # -> target/release/libmathx.a
+
+/// A JavaScript value: a 64-bit NaN-boxed word (see `runtime/rt.h`).
+pub type XtValue = u64;
+
+pub const XT_TAG_MASK: XtValue = 0xFFFF_0000_0000_0000;
+pub const XT_NUMBER_MASK: XtValue = 0xFFF8_0000_0000_0000;
+
+pub const XT_UNDEFINED: XtValue = 0xFFF8_0000_0000_0000;
+pub const XT_NULL: XtValue = 0xFFF9_0000_0000_0000;
+pub const XT_FALSE: XtValue = 0xFFFA_0000_0000_0000;
+pub const XT_TAG_STRING: XtValue = 0xFFFC_0000_0000_0000;
+
+// Raw runtime entry points. They are wrapped in safe helpers below so that
+// extension authors never have to spell `unsafe` just to build a value.
+extern "C" {
+    #[link_name = "xt_number"]
+    fn raw_xt_number(d: f64) -> XtValue;
+    #[link_name = "xt_string_new"]
+    fn raw_xt_string_new(data: *const u8, len: usize) -> XtValue;
+    #[link_name = "xt_string_data"]
+    fn raw_xt_string_data(value: XtValue) -> *const u8;
+    #[link_name = "xt_string_length_value"]
+    fn raw_xt_string_length_value(value: XtValue) -> i32;
+    #[link_name = "xt_truthy"]
+    fn raw_xt_truthy(value: XtValue) -> i32;
+    #[link_name = "xt_to_number"]
+    fn raw_xt_to_number(value: XtValue) -> f64;
+    #[link_name = "xt_to_string"]
+    fn raw_xt_to_string(value: XtValue) -> XtValue;
+    #[link_name = "xt_array_new"]
+    fn raw_xt_array_new(count: i32, items: *mut XtValue) -> XtValue;
+}
+
+/// Box an `f64` into a JavaScript number value.
+#[inline]
+pub fn xt_number(d: f64) -> XtValue {
+    unsafe { raw_xt_number(d) }
+}
+
+/// Build a string value from a byte slice (assumed UTF-8).
+#[inline]
+pub fn xt_string_new(data: *const u8, len: usize) -> XtValue {
+    unsafe { raw_xt_string_new(data, len) }
+}
+
+/// Pointer to the first byte of a string value's payload.
+#[inline]
+pub fn xt_string_data(value: XtValue) -> *const u8 {
+    unsafe { raw_xt_string_data(value) }
+}
+
+/// Byte length of a string value.
+#[inline]
+pub fn xt_string_length_value(value: XtValue) -> i32 {
+    unsafe { raw_xt_string_length_value(value) }
+}
+
+/// JavaScript truthiness of a value (`0`/`1`).
+#[inline]
+pub fn xt_truthy(value: XtValue) -> i32 {
+    unsafe { raw_xt_truthy(value) }
+}
+
+/// Convert a value to a number, coercing non-numbers like the runtime does.
+#[inline]
+pub fn xt_to_number(value: XtValue) -> f64 {
+    unsafe { raw_xt_to_number(value) }
+}
+
+/// Convert a value to a string value.
+#[inline]
+pub fn xt_to_string(value: XtValue) -> XtValue {
+    unsafe { raw_xt_to_string(value) }
+}
+
+/// Build an array from `count` items.
+#[inline]
+pub fn xt_array_new(count: i32, items: *mut XtValue) -> XtValue {
+    unsafe { raw_xt_array_new(count, items) }
+}
+
+/// Whether a value carries the number (unboxed double) representation.
+#[inline]
+pub fn is_number(value: XtValue) -> bool {
+    (value & XT_NUMBER_MASK) != XT_NUMBER_MASK
+}
+
+/// Whether a value is a string.
+#[inline]
+pub fn is_string(value: XtValue) -> bool {
+    (value & XT_TAG_MASK) == XT_TAG_STRING
+}
+
+/// Reinterpret an unboxed number value as `f64`.
+#[inline]
+pub fn as_f64(value: XtValue) -> f64 {
+    f64::from_bits(value)
+}
+
+/// Read argument `index`, returning `undefined` when it was not supplied.
+///
+/// `argv` may be null when a function is called with no arguments.
+#[inline]
+pub fn arg(argc: i32, argv: *const XtValue, index: usize) -> XtValue {
+    if argv.is_null() || index >= argc as usize {
+        return XT_UNDEFINED;
+    }
+    unsafe { *argv.add(index) }
+}
+
+/// Read argument `index` coerced to a number, or `fallback` when absent.
+#[inline]
+pub fn arg_number(argc: i32, argv: *const XtValue, index: usize, fallback: f64) -> f64 {
+    let value = arg(argc, argv, index);
+    if value == XT_UNDEFINED {
+        return fallback;
+    }
+    xt_to_number(value)
+}
+
+/// Read argument `index` coerced to a boolean.
+#[inline]
+pub fn arg_bool(argc: i32, argv: *const XtValue, index: usize, fallback: bool) -> bool {
+    let value = arg(argc, argv, index);
+    if value == XT_UNDEFINED {
+        return fallback;
+    }
+    xt_truthy(value) != 0
+}
+
+/// Borrow argument `index` as a UTF-8 string slice, or `None` when it is not a
+/// string. The bytes live in the runtime arena and never move.
+#[inline]
+pub fn arg_str<'a>(argc: i32, argv: *const XtValue, index: usize) -> Option<&'a str> {
+    let value = arg(argc, argv, index);
+    if !is_string(value) {
+        return None;
+    }
+    let length = xt_string_length_value(value) as usize;
+    let data = xt_string_data(value);
+    if data.is_null() || length == 0 {
+        return Some("");
+    }
+    unsafe { Some(core::str::from_utf8_unchecked(core::slice::from_raw_parts(data, length))) }
+}
+
+/// Build a string value from a Rust string slice.
+#[inline]
+pub fn string_from(text: &str) -> XtValue {
+    xt_string_new(text.as_ptr(), text.len())
+}