whisper.rn 0.4.0-rc.1 → 0.4.0-rc.10

package/cpp/ggml-cpu.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,663 @@
+#include "ggml-backend.h"
+#include "ggml-backend-impl.h"
+#include "ggml-cpu.h"
+#include "ggml-cpu-aarch64.h"
+#include "ggml-impl.h"
+#include <cctype>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+#if defined(__APPLE__)
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/sysctl.h>
+#endif
+
+#if defined(_WIN32)
+#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
+#ifndef NOMINMAX
+    #define NOMINMAX
+#endif
+#include <windows.h>
+#endif
+
+// ggml-backend interface
+
+#ifdef WSP_GGML_USE_CPU_HBM
+
+// buffer type HBM
+
+#include <hbwmalloc.h>
+
+static const char * wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_hbm_buffer_type_get_name(wsp_ggml_backend_buffer_type_t buft) {
+    return "CPU_HBM";
+
+    WSP_GGML_UNUSED(buft);
+}
+
+static void wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_hbm_buffer_free_buffer(wsp_ggml_backend_buffer_t buffer) {
+    hbw_free(buffer->context);
+}
+
+static wsp_ggml_backend_buffer_t wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_hbm_buffer_type_alloc_buffer(wsp_ggml_backend_buffer_type_t buft, size_t size) {
+    void * ptr;
+    int result = hbw_posix_memalign(&ptr, wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_buffer_type_get_alignment(buft), size);
+    if (result != 0) {
+        WSP_GGML_LOG_ERROR("failed to allocate HBM buffer of size %zu\n", size);
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    wsp_ggml_backend_buffer_t buffer = wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_buffer_from_ptr(ptr, size);
+    buffer->buft = buft;
+    buffer->iface.free_buffer = wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_hbm_buffer_free_buffer;
+
+    return buffer;
+}
+
+wsp_ggml_backend_buffer_type_t wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_hbm_buffer_type(void) {
+    static struct wsp_ggml_backend_buffer_type wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_buffer_type_hbm = {
+        /* .iface    = */ {
+            /* .get_name         = */ wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_hbm_buffer_type_get_name,
+            /* .alloc_buffer     = */ wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_hbm_buffer_type_alloc_buffer,
+            /* .get_alignment    = */ wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_buffer_type_get_alignment,
+            /* .get_max_size     = */ NULL, // defaults to SIZE_MAX
+            /* .get_alloc_size   = */ NULL, // defaults to wsp_ggml_nbytes
+            /* .is_host          = */ wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_buffer_type_is_host,
+        },
+        /* .context  = */ NULL,
+    };
+
+    return &wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_buffer_type_hbm;
+}
+#endif
+
+// buffer type AARCH64
+
+static void wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_aarch64_buffer_init_tensor(wsp_ggml_backend_buffer_t buffer, struct wsp_ggml_tensor * tensor) {
+    tensor->extra = (void *)wsp_ggml_aarch64_get_optimal_repack_type(tensor); // NOLINT
+
+    WSP_GGML_UNUSED(buffer);
+}
+
+static void wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_aarch64_buffer_set_tensor(wsp_ggml_backend_buffer_t buffer, struct wsp_ggml_tensor * tensor, const void * data, size_t offset, size_t size) {
+    WSP_GGML_ASSERT(offset == 0);
+    WSP_GGML_ASSERT(size == wsp_ggml_nbytes(tensor));
+
+    enum wsp_ggml_type repack_type = (enum wsp_ggml_type)(intptr_t)tensor->extra;
+
+    wsp_ggml_aarch64_repack_tensor(tensor, repack_type, data, size);
+
+    WSP_GGML_UNUSED(buffer);
+}
+
+static const char * wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_aarch64_buffer_type_get_name(wsp_ggml_backend_buffer_type_t buft) {
+    return "CPU_AARCH64";
+
+    WSP_GGML_UNUSED(buft);
+}
+
+static wsp_ggml_backend_buffer_t wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_aarch64_buffer_type_alloc_buffer(wsp_ggml_backend_buffer_type_t buft, size_t size) {
+    auto * buffer = wsp_ggml_backend_buft_alloc_buffer(wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_buffer_type(), size);
+
+    if (buffer == NULL) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    buffer->buft = buft;
+    buffer->iface.init_tensor = wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_aarch64_buffer_init_tensor;
+    buffer->iface.set_tensor = wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_aarch64_buffer_set_tensor;
+
+    return buffer;
+}
+
+wsp_ggml_backend_buffer_type_t wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_aarch64_buffer_type(void) {
+    static struct wsp_ggml_backend_buffer_type wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_buffer_type_aarch64 = {
+        /* .iface    = */ {
+            /* .get_name         = */ wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_aarch64_buffer_type_get_name,
+            /* .alloc_buffer     = */ wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_aarch64_buffer_type_alloc_buffer,
+            /* .get_alignment    = */ wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_buffer_type()->iface.get_alignment,
+            /* .get_max_size     = */ NULL, // defaults to SIZE_MAX
+            /* .get_alloc_size   = */ NULL, // defaults to wsp_ggml_nbytes
+            /* .is_host          = */ NULL,
+        },
+        /* .device  = */ wsp_ggml_backend_reg_dev_get(wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_reg(), 0),
+        /* .context = */ NULL,
+    };
+
+    return &wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_buffer_type_aarch64;
+}
+
+bool wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_buft_is_aarch64(wsp_ggml_backend_buffer_type_t buft) {
+    return buft == wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_aarch64_buffer_type();
+}
+
+static wsp_ggml_backend_buffer_type_t * wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_get_extra_bufts(wsp_ggml_backend_dev_t device) {
+    static std::vector<wsp_ggml_backend_buffer_type_t> bufts = []() {
+        std::vector<wsp_ggml_backend_buffer_type_t> bufts;
+
+#ifdef WSP_GGML_USE_CPU_HBM
+        bufts.push_back(wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_hbm_buffer_type());
+#endif
+
+#ifdef WSP_GGML_USE_CPU_AARCH64
+        bufts.push_back(wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_aarch64_buffer_type());
+#endif
+
+        bufts.push_back(NULL);
+
+        return bufts;
+    }();
+
+    return bufts.data();
+
+    WSP_GGML_UNUSED(device);
+}
+
+// CPU backend - backend (stream)
+
+struct wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_context {
+    int                 n_threads;
+    wsp_ggml_threadpool_t   threadpool;
+
+    uint8_t *           work_data;
+    size_t              work_size;
+
+    wsp_ggml_abort_callback abort_callback;
+    void *              abort_callback_data;
+};
+
+static const char * wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_get_name(wsp_ggml_backend_t backend) {
+    return "CPU";
+
+    WSP_GGML_UNUSED(backend);
+}
+
+static void wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_free(wsp_ggml_backend_t backend) {
+    struct wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_context * cpu_ctx = (struct wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_context *)backend->context;
+    delete[] cpu_ctx->work_data;
+    delete cpu_ctx;
+    delete backend;
+}
+
+struct wsp_ggml_backend_plan_cpu {
+    struct wsp_ggml_cplan cplan;
+    struct wsp_ggml_cgraph cgraph;
+};
+
+static wsp_ggml_backend_graph_plan_t wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_graph_plan_create(wsp_ggml_backend_t backend, const struct wsp_ggml_cgraph * cgraph) {
+    struct wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_context * cpu_ctx = (struct wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_context *)backend->context;
+
+    struct wsp_ggml_backend_plan_cpu * cpu_plan = new wsp_ggml_backend_plan_cpu;
+
+    cpu_plan->cplan = wsp_ggml_graph_plan(cgraph, cpu_ctx->n_threads, cpu_ctx->threadpool);
+    cpu_plan->cgraph = *cgraph; // FIXME: deep copy
+
+    if (cpu_plan->cplan.work_size > 0) {
+        cpu_plan->cplan.work_data = new uint8_t[cpu_plan->cplan.work_size];
+        if (cpu_plan->cplan.work_data == NULL) {
+            delete cpu_plan;
+            return NULL;
+        }
+    }
+
+    cpu_plan->cplan.abort_callback      = cpu_ctx->abort_callback;
+    cpu_plan->cplan.abort_callback_data = cpu_ctx->abort_callback_data;
+
+    return cpu_plan;
+}
+
+static void wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_graph_plan_free(wsp_ggml_backend_t backend, wsp_ggml_backend_graph_plan_t plan) {
+    struct wsp_ggml_backend_plan_cpu * cpu_plan = (struct wsp_ggml_backend_plan_cpu *)plan;
+
+    delete[] cpu_plan->cplan.work_data;
+    delete cpu_plan;
+
+    WSP_GGML_UNUSED(backend);
+}
+
+static enum wsp_ggml_status wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_graph_plan_compute(wsp_ggml_backend_t backend, wsp_ggml_backend_graph_plan_t plan) {
+    struct wsp_ggml_backend_plan_cpu * cpu_plan = (struct wsp_ggml_backend_plan_cpu *)plan;
+
+    return wsp_ggml_graph_compute(&cpu_plan->cgraph, &cpu_plan->cplan);
+
+    WSP_GGML_UNUSED(backend);
+}
+
+static enum wsp_ggml_status wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_graph_compute(wsp_ggml_backend_t backend, struct wsp_ggml_cgraph * cgraph) {
+    struct wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_context * cpu_ctx = (struct wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_context *)backend->context;
+
+    struct wsp_ggml_cplan cplan = wsp_ggml_graph_plan(cgraph, cpu_ctx->n_threads, cpu_ctx->threadpool);
+
+    if (cpu_ctx->work_size < cplan.work_size) {
+        delete[] cpu_ctx->work_data;
+        cpu_ctx->work_data = new uint8_t[cplan.work_size];
+        if (cpu_ctx->work_data == NULL) {
+            cpu_ctx->work_size = 0;
+            return WSP_GGML_STATUS_ALLOC_FAILED;
+        }
+        cpu_ctx->work_size = cplan.work_size;
+    }
+    cplan.work_data = (uint8_t *)cpu_ctx->work_data;
+
+    cplan.abort_callback      = cpu_ctx->abort_callback;
+    cplan.abort_callback_data = cpu_ctx->abort_callback_data;
+
+    return wsp_ggml_graph_compute(cgraph, &cplan);
+}
+
+static const struct wsp_ggml_backend_i wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_i = {
+    /* .get_name                = */ wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_get_name,
+    /* .free                    = */ wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_free,
+    /* .set_tensor_async        = */ NULL,
+    /* .get_tensor_async        = */ NULL,
+    /* .cpy_tensor_async        = */ NULL,
+    /* .synchronize             = */ NULL,
+    /* .graph_plan_create       = */ wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_graph_plan_create,
+    /* .graph_plan_free         = */ wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_graph_plan_free,
+    /* .graph_plan_update       = */ NULL,
+    /* .graph_plan_compute      = */ wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_graph_plan_compute,
+    /* .graph_compute           = */ wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_graph_compute,
+    /* .event_record            = */ NULL,
+    /* .event_wait              = */ NULL,
+};
+
+static wsp_ggml_guid_t wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_guid(void) {
+    static wsp_ggml_guid guid = { 0xaa, 0x67, 0xc7, 0x43, 0x96, 0xe6, 0xa3, 0x8a, 0xe3, 0xaf, 0xea, 0x92, 0x36, 0xbc, 0xfc, 0x89 };
+    return &guid;
+}
+
+wsp_ggml_backend_t wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_init(void) {
+    // initialize CPU backend now to avoid slowing the first graph computation
+    wsp_ggml_cpu_init();
+
+    struct wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_context * ctx = new wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_context;
+    if (ctx == NULL) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    ctx->n_threads           = WSP_GGML_DEFAULT_N_THREADS;
+    ctx->threadpool          = NULL;
+    ctx->work_data           = NULL;
+    ctx->work_size           = 0;
+    ctx->abort_callback      = NULL;
+    ctx->abort_callback_data = NULL;
+
+    wsp_ggml_backend_t cpu_backend = new wsp_ggml_backend {
+        /* .guid      = */ wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_guid(),
+        /* .interface = */ wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_i,
+        /* .device    = */ wsp_ggml_backend_reg_dev_get(wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_reg(), 0),
+        /* .context   = */ ctx,
+    };
+
+    if (cpu_backend == NULL) {
+        delete ctx;
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    return cpu_backend;
+}
+
+bool wsp_ggml_backend_is_cpu(wsp_ggml_backend_t backend) {
+    return backend != NULL && wsp_ggml_guid_matches(backend->guid, wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_guid());
+}
+
+void wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_set_n_threads(wsp_ggml_backend_t backend_cpu, int n_threads) {
+    WSP_GGML_ASSERT(wsp_ggml_backend_is_cpu(backend_cpu));
+
+    struct wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_context * ctx = (struct wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_context *)backend_cpu->context;
+    ctx->n_threads = n_threads;
+}
+
+void wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_set_threadpool(wsp_ggml_backend_t backend_cpu, wsp_ggml_threadpool_t threadpool) {
+    WSP_GGML_ASSERT(wsp_ggml_backend_is_cpu(backend_cpu));
+
+    struct wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_context * ctx = (struct wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_context *)backend_cpu->context;
+
+    if (ctx->threadpool && ctx->threadpool != threadpool) {
+        // already had a different threadpool, pause/suspend it before switching
+        wsp_ggml_threadpool_pause(ctx->threadpool);
+    }
+    ctx->threadpool = threadpool;
+}
+
+void wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_set_abort_callback(wsp_ggml_backend_t backend_cpu, wsp_ggml_abort_callback abort_callback, void * abort_callback_data) {
+    WSP_GGML_ASSERT(wsp_ggml_backend_is_cpu(backend_cpu));
+
+    struct wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_context * ctx = (struct wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_context *)backend_cpu->context;
+    ctx->abort_callback = abort_callback;
+    ctx->abort_callback_data = abort_callback_data;
+}
+
+// CPU backend - device
+
+struct wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_device_context {
+    std::string description = "CPU";
+
+    wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_device_context() {
+#ifdef __APPLE__
+        size_t len = 0;
+        if (!sysctlbyname("machdep.cpu.brand_string", NULL, &len, NULL, 0)) {
+            description.resize(len);
+            sysctlbyname("machdep.cpu.brand_string", &description[0], &len, NULL, 0); // NOLINT
+        }
+#elif defined(__linux__)
+        FILE * f = fopen("/proc/cpuinfo", "r");
+        if (f) {
+            char buf[1024];
+            while (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), f)) {
+                if (strncmp(buf, "model name", 10) == 0) {
+                    char * p = strchr(buf, ':');
+                    if (p) {
+                        p++;
+                        while (std::isspace(*p)) {
+                            p++;
+                        }
+                        while (std::isspace(p[strlen(p) - 1])) {
+                            p[strlen(p) - 1] = '\0';
+                        }
+                        description = p;
+                        break;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            fclose(f);
+        }
+#elif defined(_WIN32)
+        HKEY hKey;
+        if (RegOpenKeyEx(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE,
+                        TEXT("HARDWARE\\DESCRIPTION\\System\\CentralProcessor\\0"),
+                        0,
+                        KEY_READ,
+                        &hKey) == ERROR_SUCCESS) {
+            DWORD cpu_brand_size = 0;
+            if (RegQueryValueExA(hKey,
+                                TEXT("ProcessorNameString"),
+                                NULL,
+                                NULL,
+                                NULL,
+                                &cpu_brand_size) == ERROR_SUCCESS) {
+                description.resize(cpu_brand_size);
+                if (RegQueryValueExA(hKey,
+                                    TEXT("ProcessorNameString"),
+                                    NULL,
+                                    NULL,
+                                    (LPBYTE)&description[0], // NOLINT
+                                    &cpu_brand_size) == ERROR_SUCCESS) {
+                    if (description.find('\0') != std::string::npos) {
+                        description.resize(description.find('\0'));
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            RegCloseKey(hKey);
+        }
+#endif
+    }
+};
+
+static const char * wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_device_get_name(wsp_ggml_backend_dev_t dev) {
+    return "CPU";
+
+    WSP_GGML_UNUSED(dev);
+}
+
+static const char * wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_device_get_description(wsp_ggml_backend_dev_t dev) {
+    struct wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_device_context * ctx = (struct wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_device_context *)dev->context;
+
+    return ctx->description.c_str();
+}
+
+static void wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_device_get_memory(wsp_ggml_backend_dev_t dev, size_t * free, size_t * total) {
+    // TODO
+    *free = 0;
+    *total = 0;
+
+    WSP_GGML_UNUSED(dev);
+}
+
+static enum wsp_ggml_backend_dev_type wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_device_get_type(wsp_ggml_backend_dev_t dev) {
+    return WSP_GGML_BACKEND_DEVICE_TYPE_CPU;
+
+    WSP_GGML_UNUSED(dev);
+}
+
+static void wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_device_get_props(wsp_ggml_backend_dev_t dev, struct wsp_ggml_backend_dev_props * props) {
+    props->name        = wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_device_get_name(dev);
+    props->description = wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_device_get_description(dev);
+    props->type        = wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_device_get_type(dev);
+    wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_device_get_memory(dev, &props->memory_free, &props->memory_total);
+    props->caps = {
+        /* .async                 = */ false,
+        /* .host_buffer           = */ false,
+        /* .buffer_from_host_ptr  = */ true,
+        /* .events                = */ false,
+    };
+}
+
+static wsp_ggml_backend_t wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_device_init_backend(wsp_ggml_backend_dev_t dev, const char * params) {
+    return wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_init();
+
+    WSP_GGML_UNUSED(dev);
+    WSP_GGML_UNUSED(params);
+}
+
+static wsp_ggml_backend_buffer_type_t wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_device_get_buffer_type(wsp_ggml_backend_dev_t dev) {
+    return wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_buffer_type();
+
+    WSP_GGML_UNUSED(dev);
+}
+
+static wsp_ggml_backend_buffer_t wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_device_buffer_from_host_ptr(wsp_ggml_backend_dev_t dev, void * ptr, size_t size, size_t max_tensor_size) {
+    return wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_buffer_from_ptr(ptr, size);
+
+    WSP_GGML_UNUSED(dev);
+    WSP_GGML_UNUSED(max_tensor_size);
+}
+
+static bool wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_device_supports_op(wsp_ggml_backend_dev_t dev, const struct wsp_ggml_tensor * op) {
+    const struct wsp_ggml_tensor * src0 = op->src[0];
+    const struct wsp_ggml_tensor * src1 = op->src[1];
+
+    if (src0 && src0->buffer && wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_buft_is_aarch64(src0->buffer->buft)) {
+        if (op->op != WSP_GGML_OP_MUL_MAT || src0->type != WSP_GGML_TYPE_Q4_0 || wsp_ggml_aarch64_get_optimal_repack_type(src0) == WSP_GGML_TYPE_Q4_0) {
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    for (int i = 1; i < WSP_GGML_MAX_SRC; i++) {
+        if (op->src[i] && op->src[i]->buffer && wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_buft_is_aarch64(op->src[i]->buffer->buft)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    switch (op->op) {
+        case WSP_GGML_OP_CPY:
+            return
+                op->type != WSP_GGML_TYPE_IQ2_XXS &&
+                op->type != WSP_GGML_TYPE_IQ2_XS  &&
+                op->type != WSP_GGML_TYPE_IQ1_S   &&
+                op->type != WSP_GGML_TYPE_IQ1_M; // missing type_traits.from_float
+        case WSP_GGML_OP_MUL_MAT:
+            return src1->type == WSP_GGML_TYPE_F32 || src1->type == wsp_ggml_get_type_traits_cpu(src0->type)->vec_dot_type;
+        case WSP_GGML_OP_ROPE_BACK:
+            return op->src[2] == NULL && (op->op_params[2] & 4) == 0;
+        case WSP_GGML_OP_IM2COL_BACK:
+            return src0->type == WSP_GGML_TYPE_F32 && src1->type == WSP_GGML_TYPE_F32;
+        case WSP_GGML_OP_OUT_PROD:
+            return (src0->type == WSP_GGML_TYPE_F32 || wsp_ggml_is_quantized(src0->type)) && src1->type == WSP_GGML_TYPE_F32;
+        default:
+            return true;
+    }
+
+    WSP_GGML_UNUSED(dev);
+}
+
+static bool wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_device_supports_buft(wsp_ggml_backend_dev_t dev, wsp_ggml_backend_buffer_type_t buft) {
+    return wsp_ggml_backend_buft_is_host(buft) || wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_buft_is_aarch64(buft);
+
+    WSP_GGML_UNUSED(dev);
+}
+
+static const struct wsp_ggml_backend_device_i wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_device_i = {
+    /* .get_name             = */ wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_device_get_name,
+    /* .get_description      = */ wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_device_get_description,
+    /* .get_memory           = */ wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_device_get_memory,
+    /* .get_type             = */ wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_device_get_type,
+    /* .get_props            = */ wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_device_get_props,
+    /* .init_backend         = */ wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_device_init_backend,
+    /* .get_buffer_type      = */ wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_device_get_buffer_type,
+    /* .get_host_buffer_type = */ NULL,
+    /* .buffer_from_host_ptr = */ wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_device_buffer_from_host_ptr,
+    /* .supports_op          = */ wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_device_supports_op,
+    /* .supports_buft        = */ wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_device_supports_buft,
+    /* .offload_op           = */ NULL,
+    /* .event_new            = */ NULL,
+    /* .event_free           = */ NULL,
+    /* .event_synchronize    = */ NULL,
+};
+
+// CPU backend - backend (reg)
+
+static const char * wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_reg_get_name(wsp_ggml_backend_reg_t reg) {
+    return "CPU";
+
+    WSP_GGML_UNUSED(reg);
+}
+
+static size_t wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_reg_get_device_count(wsp_ggml_backend_reg_t reg) {
+    return 1;
+
+    WSP_GGML_UNUSED(reg);
+}
+
+static wsp_ggml_backend_dev_t wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_reg_get_device(wsp_ggml_backend_reg_t reg, size_t index) {
+    WSP_GGML_ASSERT(index == 0);
+
+    static wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_device_context ctx;
+    static wsp_ggml_backend_device wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_device = {
+        /* .iface   = */ wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_device_i,
+        /* .reg     = */ reg,
+        /* .context = */ &ctx,
+    };
+
+    return &wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_device;
+}
+
+struct wsp_ggml_backend_feature {
+    const char * name;
+    const char * value;
+};
+
+// Not used yet
+// This is intended to replace the the wsp_ggml_cpu_has_* functions when loading the CPU backend dynamically,
+// and additionally to allow other backends to expose their own list of features that applications can query using the same API.
+static wsp_ggml_backend_feature * wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_get_features(wsp_ggml_backend_reg_t reg) {
+    static std::vector<wsp_ggml_backend_feature> features = []() {
+        std::vector<wsp_ggml_backend_feature> features;
+        if (wsp_ggml_cpu_has_sse3()) {
+            features.push_back({ "SSE3", "1" });
+        }
+        if (wsp_ggml_cpu_has_ssse3()) {
+            features.push_back({ "SSSE3", "1" });
+        }
+        if (wsp_ggml_cpu_has_avx()) {
+            features.push_back({ "AVX", "1" });
+        }
+        if (wsp_ggml_cpu_has_avx2()) {
+            features.push_back({ "AVX2", "1" });
+        }
+        if (wsp_ggml_cpu_has_f16c()) {
+            features.push_back({ "F16C", "1" });
+        }
+        if (wsp_ggml_cpu_has_fma()) {
+            features.push_back({ "FMA", "1" });
+        }
+        if (wsp_ggml_cpu_has_avx_vnni()) {
+            features.push_back({ "AVX_VNNI", "1" });
+        }
+        if (wsp_ggml_cpu_has_avx512()) {
+            features.push_back({ "AVX512", "1" });
+        }
+        if (wsp_ggml_cpu_has_avx512_vbmi()) {
+            features.push_back({ "AVX512_VBMI", "1" });
+        }
+        if (wsp_ggml_cpu_has_avx512_vnni()) {
+            features.push_back({ "AVX512_VNNI", "1" });
+        }
+        if (wsp_ggml_cpu_has_avx512_bf16()) {
+            features.push_back({ "AVX512_BF16", "1" });
+        }
+        if (wsp_ggml_cpu_has_amx_int8()) {
+            features.push_back({ "AMX_INT8", "1" });
+        }
+        if (wsp_ggml_cpu_has_neon()) {
+            features.push_back({ "NEON", "1" });
+        }
+        if (wsp_ggml_cpu_has_arm_fma()) {
+            features.push_back({ "ARM_FMA", "1" });
+        }
+        if (wsp_ggml_cpu_has_fp16_va()) {
+            features.push_back({ "FP16_VA", "1" });
+        }
+        if (wsp_ggml_cpu_has_matmul_int8()) {
+            features.push_back({ "MATMUL_INT8", "1" });
+        }
+        if (wsp_ggml_cpu_has_sve()) {
+            features.push_back({ "SVE", "1" });
+        }
+        if (wsp_ggml_cpu_get_sve_cnt() > 0) {
+            static std::string sve_cnt = std::to_string(wsp_ggml_cpu_get_sve_cnt());
+            features.push_back({ "SVE_CNT", sve_cnt.c_str() });
+        }
+        if (wsp_ggml_cpu_has_riscv_v()) {
+            features.push_back({ "RISCV_V", "1" });
+        }
+        if (wsp_ggml_cpu_has_vsx()) {
+            features.push_back({ "VSX", "1" });
+        }
+        if (wsp_ggml_cpu_has_wasm_simd()) {
+            features.push_back({ "WASM_SIMD", "1" });
+        }
+        if (wsp_ggml_cpu_has_llamafile()) {
+            features.push_back({ "LLAMAFILE", "1" });
+        }
+
+        features.push_back({ nullptr, nullptr });
+
+        return features;
+    }();
+
+    return features.data();
+
+    WSP_GGML_UNUSED(reg);
+}
+
+static void * wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_get_proc_address(wsp_ggml_backend_reg_t reg, const char * name) {
+    if (strcmp(name, "wsp_ggml_backend_set_n_threads") == 0) {
+        return (void *)wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_set_n_threads;
+    }
+    if (strcmp(name, "wsp_ggml_backend_dev_get_extra_bufts") == 0) {
+        return (void *)wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_get_extra_bufts;
+    }
+
+    return NULL;
+
+    WSP_GGML_UNUSED(reg);
+}
+
+static const struct wsp_ggml_backend_reg_i wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_reg_i = {
+    /* .get_name         = */ wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_reg_get_name,
+    /* .get_device_count = */ wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_reg_get_device_count,
+    /* .get_device       = */ wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_reg_get_device,
+    /* .get_proc_address = */ wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_get_proc_address,
+};
+
+wsp_ggml_backend_reg_t wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_reg(void) {
+    // init CPU feature detection
+    wsp_ggml_cpu_init();
+
+    static struct wsp_ggml_backend_reg wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_reg = {
+        /* .iface   = */ wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_reg_i,
+        /* .context = */ NULL,
+    };
+
+    return &wsp_ggml_backend_cpu_reg;
+}