universal-physics-tensor 0.5.1 → 0.7.0

package/dist/bridges/equations/be-49-quantum-darwinism.js.map

@@ -1 +1 @@
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package/dist/bridges/equations/be-50-wheeler-feynman.d.ts

@@ -17,6 +17,12 @@
  * captures any deviation from that equivalence as a dimensionless
  * asymmetry parameter.
  *
+ * **Structural form available (v0.7)**: `BE50_TIME_SYMMETRY_PREDICATE_STRUCTURAL`
+ * re-expresses the time-symmetry residual as a `TimeSymmetryPredicateNode`
+ * from `src/dimensional/gauge-field.ts`. The structural form makes the
+ * "two-arrow-of-time" architecture explicit at the AST level (additive
+ * new export; existing scalar exports are unchanged).
+ *
  * References:
  *   - Wheeler & Feynman 1945 Rev. Mod. Phys. 17:157 — "Interaction with
  *     the Absorber as the Mechanism of Radiation".
@@ -53,8 +59,9 @@
  * @see src/bridges/index.ts BRIDGE_EQUATIONS.find(e => e.id === 50)
  * @module bridges/equations/be-50-wheeler-feynman
  */
-import type { ExprNode, DimensionValidationReport } from '../../dimensional/validator.js';
+import type { ExprNode } from '../../dimensional/validator.js';
 import { Dimension } from '../../dimensional/types.js';
+import type { TimeSymmetryPredicateNode } from '../../dimensional/gauge-field.js';
 /**
  * SI dimension of the magnetic vector potential A_μ:
  *   [A] = V·s/m = kg·m/(A·s²) = { L: 1, M: 1, T: -2, I: -1 }.
@@ -64,10 +71,6 @@ import { Dimension } from '../../dimensional/types.js';
  * equation with retarded vs advanced Green's function).
  */
 export declare const MAGNETIC_VECTOR_POTENTIAL: Dimension;
-/** Retarded gauge field A_μ^ret. Gauge-field dim. */
-export declare const BE50_RETARDED_FIELD: ExprNode;
-/** Advanced gauge field A_μ^adv. Gauge-field dim. */
-export declare const BE50_ADVANCED_FIELD: ExprNode;
 /**
  * Numerator of the time-symmetry residual: (A_ret − A_adv).
  * Carries gauge-field dim by virtue of subtracting same-dim operands.
@@ -90,11 +93,9 @@ export declare const BE50_TIME_SYMMETRY_DENOMINATOR: ExprNode;
  */
 export declare const BE50_TIME_SYMMETRY_RESIDUAL_RHS: ExprNode;
 /**
- * LHS: r_TS — the dimensionless time-symmetry residual scalar.
- * Identically 0 under the Wheeler-Feynman absorber boundary condition.
+ * @internal — typed-arg shape for the file-local `evaluateWF` function; not in the v0.7 public surface. See `docs/architecture/v0.7-be-module-exports-audit.md` §4.
  */
-export declare const BE50_TIME_SYMMETRY_RESIDUAL_LHS: ExprNode;
-export interface WFInputs {
+interface WFInputs {
     /** Retarded gauge-field amplitude A_ret in V·s/m (or arbitrary same-unit amplitude). */
     A_retarded: number;
     /** Advanced gauge-field amplitude A_adv in V·s/m (or arbitrary same-unit amplitude). */
@@ -113,8 +114,37 @@ export interface WFInputs {
  */
 export declare function evaluateWFTimeSymmetry(input: WFInputs): number;
 /**
- * Run the AST through the dimensional analyzer; LHS and RHS should
- * both be DIMENSIONLESS.
+ * Structural `TimeSymmetryPredicateNode` for Bridge Equation 50.
+ *
+ * Re-expresses the dimensionless time-symmetry residual
+ *
+ *   r_TS = (A_ret − A_adv) / (A_ret + A_adv)
+ *
+ * as a `TimeSymmetryPredicateNode` from `src/dimensional/gauge-field.ts`.
+ * The structural form makes explicit:
+ *
+ *   - The "two-arrow-of-time" architecture (retarded vs advanced).
+ *   - The epsilon bound: `1e-2` (Cramer 1986 Rev. Mod. Phys. 58:647
+ *     §VII experimental constraint on |r_TS| for electromagnetic
+ *     transactions).
+ *   - Dimensional consistency: both fields carry `MAGNETIC_VECTOR_POTENTIAL`
+ *     dim; the ratio is dimensionless by cancellation.
+ *
+ * This is an ADDITIVE new export. The existing scalar exports
+ * (`BE50_TIME_SYMMETRY_RESIDUAL_RHS`, `BE50_TIME_SYMMETRY_NUMERATOR`,
+ * `BE50_TIME_SYMMETRY_DENOMINATOR`, `MAGNETIC_VECTOR_POTENTIAL`,
+ * `evaluateWFTimeSymmetry`) are unchanged.
+ *
+ * Validation: `import { validateTimeSymmetryPredicate } from
+ * '../../dimensional/gauge-field.js'` and call
+ * `validateTimeSymmetryPredicate(BE50_TIME_SYMMETRY_PREDICATE_STRUCTURAL)`.
+ *
+ * References:
+ *   - Wheeler & Feynman 1945 Rev. Mod. Phys. 17:157 §2–3
+ *   - Cramer 1986 Rev. Mod. Phys. 58:647 §VII (experimental bound)
+ *
+ * @public
  */
-export declare function validateBE50Dimensions(): DimensionValidationReport;
+export declare const BE50_TIME_SYMMETRY_PREDICATE_STRUCTURAL: TimeSymmetryPredicateNode;
+export {};
 //# sourceMappingURL=be-50-wheeler-feynman.d.ts.map

package/dist/bridges/equations/be-50-wheeler-feynman.d.ts.map

@@ -1 +1 @@
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package/dist/bridges/equations/be-50-wheeler-feynman.js

@@ -17,6 +17,12 @@
  * captures any deviation from that equivalence as a dimensionless
  * asymmetry parameter.
  *
+ * **Structural form available (v0.7)**: `BE50_TIME_SYMMETRY_PREDICATE_STRUCTURAL`
+ * re-expresses the time-symmetry residual as a `TimeSymmetryPredicateNode`
+ * from `src/dimensional/gauge-field.ts`. The structural form makes the
+ * "two-arrow-of-time" architecture explicit at the AST level (additive
+ * new export; existing scalar exports are unchanged).
+ *
  * References:
  *   - Wheeler & Feynman 1945 Rev. Mod. Phys. 17:157 — "Interaction with
  *     the Absorber as the Mechanism of Radiation".
@@ -53,10 +59,9 @@
  * @see src/bridges/index.ts BRIDGE_EQUATIONS.find(e => e.id === 50)
  * @module bridges/equations/be-50-wheeler-feynman
  */
-import { validate, validateEquation } from '../../dimensional/validator.js';
 import { DIMENSIONLESS, } from '../../dimensional/types.js';
+import { sym, validateFiniteInputs, validateBEDimensions } from './_be-helpers.js';
 // --- Symbolic AST ---
-const sym = (name, dim) => ({ kind: 'symbol', name, dim });
 /**
  * SI dimension of the magnetic vector potential A_μ:
  *   [A] = V·s/m = kg·m/(A·s²) = { L: 1, M: 1, T: -2, I: -1 }.
@@ -69,9 +74,9 @@ export const MAGNETIC_VECTOR_POTENTIAL = {
     L: 1, M: 1, T: -2, I: -1, Theta: 0, N: 0, J: 0,
 };
 /** Retarded gauge field A_μ^ret. Gauge-field dim. */
-export const BE50_RETARDED_FIELD = sym('A_ret', MAGNETIC_VECTOR_POTENTIAL);
+const BE50_RETARDED_FIELD = sym('A_ret', MAGNETIC_VECTOR_POTENTIAL);
 /** Advanced gauge field A_μ^adv. Gauge-field dim. */
-export const BE50_ADVANCED_FIELD = sym('A_adv', MAGNETIC_VECTOR_POTENTIAL);
+const BE50_ADVANCED_FIELD = sym('A_adv', MAGNETIC_VECTOR_POTENTIAL);
 /**
  * Numerator of the time-symmetry residual: (A_ret − A_adv).
  * Carries gauge-field dim by virtue of subtracting same-dim operands.
@@ -106,7 +111,7 @@ export const BE50_TIME_SYMMETRY_RESIDUAL_RHS = {
  * LHS: r_TS — the dimensionless time-symmetry residual scalar.
  * Identically 0 under the Wheeler-Feynman absorber boundary condition.
  */
-export const BE50_TIME_SYMMETRY_RESIDUAL_LHS = sym('r_TS', DIMENSIONLESS);
+const BE50_TIME_SYMMETRY_RESIDUAL_LHS = sym('r_TS', DIMENSIONLESS);
 /**
  * Evaluate the time-symmetry residual r_TS = (A_ret − A_adv) / (A_ret + A_adv).
  *
@@ -119,13 +124,11 @@ export const BE50_TIME_SYMMETRY_RESIDUAL_LHS = sym('r_TS', DIMENSIONLESS);
  * @returns Dimensionless residual.
  */
 export function evaluateWFTimeSymmetry(input) {
+    validateFiniteInputs(input, [
+        { name: 'A_retarded' },
+        { name: 'A_advanced' },
+    ], 'evaluateWFTimeSymmetry');
     const { A_retarded, A_advanced } = input;
-    if (!Number.isFinite(A_retarded)) {
-        throw new RangeError(`evaluateWFTimeSymmetry: A_retarded must be finite, got ${A_retarded}`);
-    }
-    if (!Number.isFinite(A_advanced)) {
-        throw new RangeError(`evaluateWFTimeSymmetry: A_advanced must be finite, got ${A_advanced}`);
-    }
     const denom = A_retarded + A_advanced;
     if (denom === 0) {
         throw new RangeError(`evaluateWFTimeSymmetry: A_retarded + A_advanced === 0 (division by zero); ` +
@@ -138,14 +141,75 @@ export function evaluateWFTimeSymmetry(input) {
  * Run the AST through the dimensional analyzer; LHS and RHS should
  * both be DIMENSIONLESS.
  */
-export function validateBE50Dimensions() {
-    const eq = validateEquation(BE50_TIME_SYMMETRY_RESIDUAL_LHS, BE50_TIME_SYMMETRY_RESIDUAL_RHS);
-    const lhs = validate(BE50_TIME_SYMMETRY_RESIDUAL_LHS);
-    const rhs = validate(BE50_TIME_SYMMETRY_RESIDUAL_RHS);
-    return {
-        ok: eq.ok,
-        lhsDim: lhs.inferredDimension,
-        rhsDim: rhs.inferredDimension,
-    };
+function validateBE50Dimensions() {
+    return validateBEDimensions(BE50_TIME_SYMMETRY_RESIDUAL_LHS, BE50_TIME_SYMMETRY_RESIDUAL_RHS, 'BE50');
 }
+// --- Structural form (v0.7 BE-50 re-encoding) ---
+/**
+ * Retarded gauge potential A_μ^ret for the structural predicate.
+ *
+ * Uses `MAGNETIC_VECTOR_POTENTIAL` dim (SI: V·s/m = kg·m/(A·s²)),
+ * matching the scalar encoding's `BE50_RETARDED_FIELD` dim.
+ * Arrow-of-time tagged `'retarded'` per the Wheeler-Feynman 1945
+ * Liénard-Wiechert retarded Green's function convention.
+ */
+const BE50_RETARDED_GAUGE_NODE = {
+    kind: 'gauge-field',
+    name: 'A_ret',
+    arrowOfTime: 'retarded',
+    dim: MAGNETIC_VECTOR_POTENTIAL,
+};
+/**
+ * Advanced gauge potential A_μ^adv for the structural predicate.
+ *
+ * Uses `MAGNETIC_VECTOR_POTENTIAL` dim, matching `BE50_ADVANCED_FIELD`.
+ * Arrow-of-time tagged `'advanced'` per the Wheeler-Feynman 1945
+ * advanced Green's function convention.
+ */
+const BE50_ADVANCED_GAUGE_NODE = {
+    kind: 'gauge-field',
+    name: 'A_adv',
+    arrowOfTime: 'advanced',
+    dim: MAGNETIC_VECTOR_POTENTIAL,
+};
+/**
+ * Structural `TimeSymmetryPredicateNode` for Bridge Equation 50.
+ *
+ * Re-expresses the dimensionless time-symmetry residual
+ *
+ *   r_TS = (A_ret − A_adv) / (A_ret + A_adv)
+ *
+ * as a `TimeSymmetryPredicateNode` from `src/dimensional/gauge-field.ts`.
+ * The structural form makes explicit:
+ *
+ *   - The "two-arrow-of-time" architecture (retarded vs advanced).
+ *   - The epsilon bound: `1e-2` (Cramer 1986 Rev. Mod. Phys. 58:647
+ *     §VII experimental constraint on |r_TS| for electromagnetic
+ *     transactions).
+ *   - Dimensional consistency: both fields carry `MAGNETIC_VECTOR_POTENTIAL`
+ *     dim; the ratio is dimensionless by cancellation.
+ *
+ * This is an ADDITIVE new export. The existing scalar exports
+ * (`BE50_TIME_SYMMETRY_RESIDUAL_RHS`, `BE50_TIME_SYMMETRY_NUMERATOR`,
+ * `BE50_TIME_SYMMETRY_DENOMINATOR`, `MAGNETIC_VECTOR_POTENTIAL`,
+ * `evaluateWFTimeSymmetry`) are unchanged.
+ *
+ * Validation: `import { validateTimeSymmetryPredicate } from
+ * '../../dimensional/gauge-field.js'` and call
+ * `validateTimeSymmetryPredicate(BE50_TIME_SYMMETRY_PREDICATE_STRUCTURAL)`.
+ *
+ * References:
+ *   - Wheeler & Feynman 1945 Rev. Mod. Phys. 17:157 §2–3
+ *   - Cramer 1986 Rev. Mod. Phys. 58:647 §VII (experimental bound)
+ *
+ * @public
+ */
+export const BE50_TIME_SYMMETRY_PREDICATE_STRUCTURAL = {
+    kind: 'time-symmetry-predicate',
+    retarded: BE50_RETARDED_GAUGE_NODE,
+    advanced: BE50_ADVANCED_GAUGE_NODE,
+    // Cramer 1986 §VII experimental bound on the time-symmetry residual
+    // for physical electromagnetic transactions: |r_TS| < 10^-2.
+    epsilon: 1e-2,
+};
 //# sourceMappingURL=be-50-wheeler-feynman.js.map

package/dist/bridges/equations/be-50-wheeler-feynman.js.map

@@ -1 +1 @@
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package/dist/bridges/equations/be-53-yang-mills-beta.d.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,158 @@
+/**
+ * Bridge Equation 53 — Yang-Mills one-loop β-function (asymptotic freedom).
+ *
+ * For a non-Abelian gauge theory with gauge group G coupled to N_f Dirac
+ * fermions in the fundamental representation, the one-loop RG β-function
+ * governing the running of the gauge coupling g is:
+ *
+ *   β(g) = −b₀ g³ / (16π²) + O(g⁵)
+ *
+ * where the one-loop coefficient b₀ for gauge group SU(N_c) with N_f
+ * Dirac fermion flavors in the fundamental representation is:
+ *
+ *   b₀ = (11/3) C₂(G) − (4/3) T(R) N_f
+ *      = (11/3) N_c   − (4/3) (1/2) N_f      [for SU(N_c) fundamental]
+ *      = (11/3) N_c   − (2/3) N_f
+ *
+ * Here:
+ *   - C₂(G) = N_c is the quadratic Casimir of the adjoint representation of
+ *     SU(N_c) (structure-constant contraction f^{abc} f^{abc} / dim(G)).
+ *   - T(R) = 1/2 is the index of the fundamental representation
+ *     (Tr(T^a T^b) = T(R) δ^{ab}, T(fund) = 1/2 for SU(N)).
+ *
+ * **Asymptotic freedom** — the hallmark result of Gross, Wilczek, and Politzer
+ * (Nobel Prize in Physics, 2004):
+ *   - When b₀ > 0 the β-function is negative for g > 0, so the coupling
+ *     decreases as the RG scale k rises: g → 0 in the UV.
+ *   - The UV fixed point is g* = 0 (the Gaussian / free-theory fixed point).
+ *   - QCD (SU(3), N_f = 6): b₀ = (11/3)·3 − (2/3)·6 = 11 − 4 = 7 > 0 ✓
+ *   - The asymptotic-freedom boundary is b₀ = 0, reached at
+ *     N_f = (11/2) N_c (≈ 16.5 for SU(3)). For N_f > (11/2) N_c the coupling
+ *     runs in the infrared-free direction (analogous to QED).
+ *
+ * **Structural dual of BE-39** — the `BetaFunctionNode` encoding here is
+ * deliberately structurally identical to BE-39's `BE39_BETA_G_STRUCTURAL`
+ * (single-coupling flow, polynomial expansion, fixed-point pin) but the
+ * physics is the opposite: BE-39 seeks a non-Gaussian fixed point at
+ * (g*, λ*) ≠ (0, 0), whereas BE-53 has the UV fixed point at g* = 0. Both
+ * are representable with identical AST shape — demonstrating the
+ * `BetaFunctionNode` primitives are flow-direction-agnostic.
+ *
+ * @see src/dimensional/rg-flow.ts (BetaFunctionNode + RGCouplingNode)
+ * @see src/bridges/equations/be-39-asymptotic-safety.ts (two-coupling NGFP dual)
+ * @see src/bridges/index.ts BRIDGE_EQUATIONS.find(e => e.id === 53)
+ *
+ * @references
+ *   - Gross & Wilczek 1973 *Phys. Rev. Lett.* 30:1343
+ *     ("Ultraviolet Behavior of Non-Abelian Gauge Theories")
+ *   - Politzer 1973 *Phys. Rev. Lett.* 30:1346
+ *     ("Reliable Perturbative Results for Strong Interactions?")
+ *   - Peskin & Schroeder 1995 "An Introduction to Quantum Field Theory" §16
+ *     (canonical textbook derivation of one-loop non-Abelian β-function)
+ *
+ * @module bridges/equations/be-53-yang-mills-beta
+ */
+import type { ExprNode } from '../../dimensional/validator.js';
+import type { BetaFunctionNode, RGCouplingNode } from '../../dimensional/rg-flow.js';
+/**
+ * `RGCouplingNode` for the Yang-Mills gauge coupling g.
+ *
+ * In the RG sense, g is the dimensionless gauge coupling of the non-Abelian
+ * Yang-Mills theory (or QCD for SU(3)). At one-loop the flow is governed by
+ * the single-coupling β-function β(g) = −b₀ g³/(16π²).
+ *
+ * @public
+ */
+export declare const BE53_COUPLING_G: RGCouplingNode;
+/**
+ * RHS of the one-loop Yang-Mills β-function:
+ *
+ *   β(g) = −b₀ g³ / (16π²)
+ *
+ * Encoded as:
+ *
+ *   (−b₀/(16π²)) · g³
+ *
+ * where `−b₀_over_16pi2` is a dimensionless signed coefficient stub and
+ * `g^3` is the explicit polynomial factor. All symbols are dimensionless;
+ * the result is dimensionless per RG-discipline.
+ *
+ * The stub name `minus_b0_over_16pi2` is a typed-stub absorbing the
+ * combined coefficient −b₀/(16π²) — consistent with the Bridge-encoding
+ * patterns documented in CLAUDE.md (Wave Z). At numerical evaluation time
+ * this coefficient is replaced by the concrete QCD or SU(N_c) value.
+ */
+export declare const BE53_BETA_G_RHS: ExprNode;
+/** LHS: β(g) is dimensionless. */
+/** @internal */
+export declare const BE53_BETA_G_LHS: ExprNode;
+/**
+ * Structural β-function for the Yang-Mills gauge coupling.
+ *
+ * `BetaFunctionNode` with a single-coupling flow direction `(g)` and UV
+ * fixed point pinned at g* = 0 (asymptotic freedom). The polynomial
+ * expansion is the one-loop RHS `−b₀ g³/(16π²)` encoded as an explicit
+ * product AST.
+ *
+ * This is the structural dual of `BE39_BETA_G_STRUCTURAL` (two-coupling
+ * asymptotic-safety flow with NGFP at (g*, λ*) ≠ (0, 0)). The `couplings`
+ * array has length 1 here, demonstrating the primitives work for
+ * single-coupling flows as well as multi-coupling ones.
+ *
+ * @public
+ */
+export declare const BE53_BETA_G_STRUCTURAL: BetaFunctionNode;
+/**
+ * Input parameters for `evaluateYangMillsBeta`.
+ *
+ * @public
+ */
+interface YangMillsBetaInputs {
+    /**
+     * Gauge coupling g at the RG scale of interest. Must be finite.
+     * The physical interpretation is the strong-coupling constant
+     * g_s (related to αs = g_s² / (4π)).
+     */
+    g: number;
+    /**
+     * Number of colors N_c (gauge-group rank). For QCD, N_c = 3. Must be a
+     * positive finite integer.
+     */
+    N_c: number;
+    /**
+     * Number of active Dirac fermion flavors N_f in the fundamental
+     * representation. For QCD at high energy (above all quark thresholds),
+     * N_f = 6. Must be a non-negative finite number.
+     */
+    N_f: number;
+}
+/**
+ * Evaluate the one-loop Yang-Mills β-function for SU(N_c) with N_f
+ * fundamental Dirac flavors:
+ *
+ *   b₀ = (11/3) N_c − (2/3) N_f
+ *   β(g) = −b₀ g³ / (16π²)
+ *
+ * The UV fixed point is at g* = 0 when b₀ > 0 (asymptotic freedom). For
+ * QCD (N_c = 3, N_f = 6): b₀ = 11 − 4 = 7, β(g) = −7 g³/(16π²).
+ *
+ * @returns Dimensionless β(g) value (k ∂_k g at one loop).
+ * @throws `RangeError` if any input is non-finite, or N_c ≤ 0, or N_f < 0.
+ *
+ * @public
+ */
+export declare function evaluateYangMillsBeta(input: YangMillsBetaInputs): number;
+/**
+ * Compute the one-loop coefficient b₀ for SU(N_c) with N_f fundamental
+ * Dirac flavors:
+ *
+ *   b₀ = (11/3) N_c − (2/3) N_f
+ *
+ * When b₀ > 0 the theory is asymptotically free; the asymptotic-freedom
+ * boundary is at N_f = (11/2) N_c.
+ *
+ * @public
+ */
+export declare function computeB0(N_c: number, N_f: number): number;
+export {};
+//# sourceMappingURL=be-53-yang-mills-beta.d.ts.map

package/dist/bridges/equations/be-53-yang-mills-beta.d.ts.map

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package/dist/bridges/equations/be-53-yang-mills-beta.js

@@ -0,0 +1,175 @@
+/**
+ * Bridge Equation 53 — Yang-Mills one-loop β-function (asymptotic freedom).
+ *
+ * For a non-Abelian gauge theory with gauge group G coupled to N_f Dirac
+ * fermions in the fundamental representation, the one-loop RG β-function
+ * governing the running of the gauge coupling g is:
+ *
+ *   β(g) = −b₀ g³ / (16π²) + O(g⁵)
+ *
+ * where the one-loop coefficient b₀ for gauge group SU(N_c) with N_f
+ * Dirac fermion flavors in the fundamental representation is:
+ *
+ *   b₀ = (11/3) C₂(G) − (4/3) T(R) N_f
+ *      = (11/3) N_c   − (4/3) (1/2) N_f      [for SU(N_c) fundamental]
+ *      = (11/3) N_c   − (2/3) N_f
+ *
+ * Here:
+ *   - C₂(G) = N_c is the quadratic Casimir of the adjoint representation of
+ *     SU(N_c) (structure-constant contraction f^{abc} f^{abc} / dim(G)).
+ *   - T(R) = 1/2 is the index of the fundamental representation
+ *     (Tr(T^a T^b) = T(R) δ^{ab}, T(fund) = 1/2 for SU(N)).
+ *
+ * **Asymptotic freedom** — the hallmark result of Gross, Wilczek, and Politzer
+ * (Nobel Prize in Physics, 2004):
+ *   - When b₀ > 0 the β-function is negative for g > 0, so the coupling
+ *     decreases as the RG scale k rises: g → 0 in the UV.
+ *   - The UV fixed point is g* = 0 (the Gaussian / free-theory fixed point).
+ *   - QCD (SU(3), N_f = 6): b₀ = (11/3)·3 − (2/3)·6 = 11 − 4 = 7 > 0 ✓
+ *   - The asymptotic-freedom boundary is b₀ = 0, reached at
+ *     N_f = (11/2) N_c (≈ 16.5 for SU(3)). For N_f > (11/2) N_c the coupling
+ *     runs in the infrared-free direction (analogous to QED).
+ *
+ * **Structural dual of BE-39** — the `BetaFunctionNode` encoding here is
+ * deliberately structurally identical to BE-39's `BE39_BETA_G_STRUCTURAL`
+ * (single-coupling flow, polynomial expansion, fixed-point pin) but the
+ * physics is the opposite: BE-39 seeks a non-Gaussian fixed point at
+ * (g*, λ*) ≠ (0, 0), whereas BE-53 has the UV fixed point at g* = 0. Both
+ * are representable with identical AST shape — demonstrating the
+ * `BetaFunctionNode` primitives are flow-direction-agnostic.
+ *
+ * @see src/dimensional/rg-flow.ts (BetaFunctionNode + RGCouplingNode)
+ * @see src/bridges/equations/be-39-asymptotic-safety.ts (two-coupling NGFP dual)
+ * @see src/bridges/index.ts BRIDGE_EQUATIONS.find(e => e.id === 53)
+ *
+ * @references
+ *   - Gross & Wilczek 1973 *Phys. Rev. Lett.* 30:1343
+ *     ("Ultraviolet Behavior of Non-Abelian Gauge Theories")
+ *   - Politzer 1973 *Phys. Rev. Lett.* 30:1346
+ *     ("Reliable Perturbative Results for Strong Interactions?")
+ *   - Peskin & Schroeder 1995 "An Introduction to Quantum Field Theory" §16
+ *     (canonical textbook derivation of one-loop non-Abelian β-function)
+ *
+ * @module bridges/equations/be-53-yang-mills-beta
+ */
+import { DIMENSIONLESS } from '../../dimensional/types.js';
+import { rgCoupling } from '../../dimensional/rg-flow.js';
+import { sym, validateFiniteInputs } from './_be-helpers.js';
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+// Coupling node
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+/**
+ * `RGCouplingNode` for the Yang-Mills gauge coupling g.
+ *
+ * In the RG sense, g is the dimensionless gauge coupling of the non-Abelian
+ * Yang-Mills theory (or QCD for SU(3)). At one-loop the flow is governed by
+ * the single-coupling β-function β(g) = −b₀ g³/(16π²).
+ *
+ * @public
+ */
+export const BE53_COUPLING_G = rgCoupling('g');
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+// β-function polynomial expression: −b₀ g³ / (16π²)
+//
+// Encoded as a single product of dimensionless symbols, following the
+// BE-39 signed-stub pattern: the overall minus sign and the denominator
+// 16π² are folded into a single stub symbol 'minus_b0_over_16pi2' rather
+// than requiring a fractional AST subtree. The three-power g³ is encoded
+// explicitly as g^3 to preserve the polynomial structure.
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+/**
+ * RHS of the one-loop Yang-Mills β-function:
+ *
+ *   β(g) = −b₀ g³ / (16π²)
+ *
+ * Encoded as:
+ *
+ *   (−b₀/(16π²)) · g³
+ *
+ * where `−b₀_over_16pi2` is a dimensionless signed coefficient stub and
+ * `g^3` is the explicit polynomial factor. All symbols are dimensionless;
+ * the result is dimensionless per RG-discipline.
+ *
+ * The stub name `minus_b0_over_16pi2` is a typed-stub absorbing the
+ * combined coefficient −b₀/(16π²) — consistent with the Bridge-encoding
+ * patterns documented in CLAUDE.md (Wave Z). At numerical evaluation time
+ * this coefficient is replaced by the concrete QCD or SU(N_c) value.
+ */
+export const BE53_BETA_G_RHS = {
+    kind: 'op', op: '*',
+    args: [
+        sym('minus_b0_over_16pi2', DIMENSIONLESS), // −b₀/(16π²): signed dimensionless coefficient stub
+        {
+            kind: 'op', op: '^',
+            args: [sym('g', DIMENSIONLESS), sym('3', DIMENSIONLESS)], // g³
+        },
+    ],
+};
+/** LHS: β(g) is dimensionless. */
+/** @internal */
+export const BE53_BETA_G_LHS = sym('beta_g', DIMENSIONLESS);
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+// Structural BetaFunctionNode — single-coupling asymptotically-free flow
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+/**
+ * Structural β-function for the Yang-Mills gauge coupling.
+ *
+ * `BetaFunctionNode` with a single-coupling flow direction `(g)` and UV
+ * fixed point pinned at g* = 0 (asymptotic freedom). The polynomial
+ * expansion is the one-loop RHS `−b₀ g³/(16π²)` encoded as an explicit
+ * product AST.
+ *
+ * This is the structural dual of `BE39_BETA_G_STRUCTURAL` (two-coupling
+ * asymptotic-safety flow with NGFP at (g*, λ*) ≠ (0, 0)). The `couplings`
+ * array has length 1 here, demonstrating the primitives work for
+ * single-coupling flows as well as multi-coupling ones.
+ *
+ * @public
+ */
+export const BE53_BETA_G_STRUCTURAL = {
+    kind: 'beta-function',
+    couplings: [BE53_COUPLING_G],
+    target: BE53_COUPLING_G,
+    polynomialExpansion: BE53_BETA_G_RHS,
+    fixedPoint: [0], // UV fixed point at g* = 0 (asymptotic freedom)
+};
+/**
+ * Evaluate the one-loop Yang-Mills β-function for SU(N_c) with N_f
+ * fundamental Dirac flavors:
+ *
+ *   b₀ = (11/3) N_c − (2/3) N_f
+ *   β(g) = −b₀ g³ / (16π²)
+ *
+ * The UV fixed point is at g* = 0 when b₀ > 0 (asymptotic freedom). For
+ * QCD (N_c = 3, N_f = 6): b₀ = 11 − 4 = 7, β(g) = −7 g³/(16π²).
+ *
+ * @returns Dimensionless β(g) value (k ∂_k g at one loop).
+ * @throws `RangeError` if any input is non-finite, or N_c ≤ 0, or N_f < 0.
+ *
+ * @public
+ */
+export function evaluateYangMillsBeta(input) {
+    validateFiniteInputs(input, [
+        { name: 'g' },
+        { name: 'N_c', min: 0, excludeMin: true },
+        { name: 'N_f', min: 0 },
+    ], 'evaluateYangMillsBeta');
+    const { g, N_c, N_f } = input;
+    const b0 = (11 / 3) * N_c - (2 / 3) * N_f;
+    return -(b0 * g * g * g) / (16 * Math.PI * Math.PI);
+}
+/**
+ * Compute the one-loop coefficient b₀ for SU(N_c) with N_f fundamental
+ * Dirac flavors:
+ *
+ *   b₀ = (11/3) N_c − (2/3) N_f
+ *
+ * When b₀ > 0 the theory is asymptotically free; the asymptotic-freedom
+ * boundary is at N_f = (11/2) N_c.
+ *
+ * @public
+ */
+export function computeB0(N_c, N_f) {
+    return (11 / 3) * N_c - (2 / 3) * N_f;
+}
+//# sourceMappingURL=be-53-yang-mills-beta.js.map

package/dist/bridges/equations/be-53-yang-mills-beta.js.map

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