typia 7.4.2 → 7.5.0-dev.20241218

package/src/programmers/json/JsonStringifyProgrammer.ts

@@ -1,1124 +1,1124 @@
-import ts from "typescript";
-
-import { ExpressionFactory } from "../../factories/ExpressionFactory";
-import { IdentifierFactory } from "../../factories/IdentifierFactory";
-import { JsonMetadataFactory } from "../../factories/JsonMetadataFactory";
-import { MetadataCollection } from "../../factories/MetadataCollection";
-import { StatementFactory } from "../../factories/StatementFactory";
-import { TypeFactory } from "../../factories/TypeFactory";
-import { ValueFactory } from "../../factories/ValueFactory";
-
-import { Metadata } from "../../schemas/metadata/Metadata";
-import { MetadataArray } from "../../schemas/metadata/MetadataArray";
-import { MetadataAtomic } from "../../schemas/metadata/MetadataAtomic";
-import { MetadataObjectType } from "../../schemas/metadata/MetadataObjectType";
-import { MetadataTuple } from "../../schemas/metadata/MetadataTuple";
-import { MetadataTupleType } from "../../schemas/metadata/MetadataTupleType";
-
-import { IProgrammerProps } from "../../transformers/IProgrammerProps";
-import { ITypiaContext } from "../../transformers/ITypiaContext";
-
-import { Atomic } from "../../typings/Atomic";
-
-import { FeatureProgrammer } from "../FeatureProgrammer";
-import { IsProgrammer } from "../IsProgrammer";
-import { AtomicPredicator } from "../helpers/AtomicPredicator";
-import { FunctionProgrammer } from "../helpers/FunctionProgrammer";
-import { OptionPredicator } from "../helpers/OptionPredicator";
-import { StringifyJoiner } from "../helpers/StringifyJoinder";
-import { StringifyPredicator } from "../helpers/StringifyPredicator";
-import { UnionExplorer } from "../helpers/UnionExplorer";
-import { check_native } from "../internal/check_native";
-import { decode_union_object } from "../internal/decode_union_object";
-import { postfix_of_tuple } from "../internal/postfix_of_tuple";
-import { wrap_metadata_rest_tuple } from "../internal/wrap_metadata_rest_tuple";
-
-export namespace JsonStringifyProgrammer {
-  /* -----------------------------------------------------------
-    WRITER
-  ----------------------------------------------------------- */
-  export const decompose = (props: {
-    validated: boolean;
-    context: ITypiaContext;
-    functor: FunctionProgrammer;
-    type: ts.Type;
-    name: string | undefined;
-  }): FeatureProgrammer.IDecomposed => {
-    const config: FeatureProgrammer.IConfig = configure(props);
-    if (props.validated === false)
-      config.addition = (collection) =>
-        IsProgrammer.write_function_statements({
-          context: props.context,
-          functor: props.functor,
-          collection,
-        });
-    const composed: FeatureProgrammer.IComposed = FeatureProgrammer.compose({
-      ...props,
-      config,
-    });
-    return {
-      functions: composed.functions,
-      statements: composed.statements,
-      arrow: ts.factory.createArrowFunction(
-        undefined,
-        undefined,
-        composed.parameters,
-        composed.response,
-        undefined,
-        composed.body,
-      ),
-    };
-  };
-
-  export const write = (props: IProgrammerProps): ts.CallExpression => {
-    const functor: FunctionProgrammer = new FunctionProgrammer(
-      props.modulo.getText(),
-    );
-    const result: FeatureProgrammer.IDecomposed = decompose({
-      ...props,
-      validated: false,
-      functor,
-    });
-    return FeatureProgrammer.writeDecomposed({
-      modulo: props.modulo,
-      functor,
-      result,
-    });
-  };
-
-  const write_array_functions = (props: {
-    config: FeatureProgrammer.IConfig;
-    functor: FunctionProgrammer;
-    collection: MetadataCollection;
-  }): ts.VariableStatement[] =>
-    props.collection
-      .arrays()
-      .filter((a) => a.recursive)
-      .map((type, i) =>
-        StatementFactory.constant({
-          name: `${props.config.prefix}a${i}`,
-          value: ts.factory.createArrowFunction(
-            undefined,
-            undefined,
-            FeatureProgrammer.parameterDeclarations({
-              config: props.config,
-              type: TypeFactory.keyword("any"),
-              input: ts.factory.createIdentifier("input"),
-            }),
-            TypeFactory.keyword("any"),
-            undefined,
-            decode_array_inline({
-              config: props.config,
-              functor: props.functor,
-              input: ts.factory.createIdentifier("input"),
-              array: MetadataArray.create({
-                type,
-                tags: [],
-              }),
-              explore: {
-                tracable: props.config.trace,
-                source: "function",
-                from: "array",
-                postfix: "",
-              },
-            }),
-          ),
-        }),
-      );
-
-  const write_tuple_functions = (props: {
-    context: ITypiaContext;
-    config: FeatureProgrammer.IConfig;
-    functor: FunctionProgrammer;
-    collection: MetadataCollection;
-  }): ts.VariableStatement[] =>
-    props.collection
-      .tuples()
-      .filter((t) => t.recursive)
-      .map((tuple, i) =>
-        StatementFactory.constant({
-          name: `${props.config.prefix}t${i}`,
-          value: ts.factory.createArrowFunction(
-            undefined,
-            undefined,
-            FeatureProgrammer.parameterDeclarations({
-              config: props.config,
-              type: TypeFactory.keyword("any"),
-              input: ts.factory.createIdentifier("input"),
-            }),
-            TypeFactory.keyword("any"),
-            undefined,
-            decode_tuple_inline({
-              context: props.context,
-              config: props.config,
-              functor: props.functor,
-              input: ts.factory.createIdentifier("input"),
-              tuple,
-              explore: {
-                tracable: props.config.trace,
-                source: "function",
-                from: "array",
-                postfix: "",
-              },
-            }),
-          ),
-        }),
-      );
-
-  /* -----------------------------------------------------------
-    DECODERS
-  ----------------------------------------------------------- */
-  const decode = (props: {
-    context: ITypiaContext;
-    config: FeatureProgrammer.IConfig;
-    functor: FunctionProgrammer;
-    input: ts.Expression;
-    metadata: Metadata;
-    explore: FeatureProgrammer.IExplore;
-  }): ts.Expression => {
-    // ANY TYPE
-    if (props.metadata.any === true)
-      return wrap_required({
-        input: props.input,
-        metadata: props.metadata,
-        explore: props.explore,
-        expression: wrap_functional({
-          input: props.input,
-          metadata: props.metadata,
-          explore: props.explore,
-          expression: ts.factory.createCallExpression(
-            ts.factory.createIdentifier("JSON.stringify"),
-            undefined,
-            [props.input],
-          ),
-        }),
-      });
-
-    // ONLY NULL OR UNDEFINED
-    const size: number = props.metadata.size();
-    if (
-      size === 0 &&
-      (props.metadata.isRequired() === false ||
-        props.metadata.nullable === true)
-    ) {
-      if (
-        props.metadata.isRequired() === false &&
-        props.metadata.nullable === true
-      )
-        return props.explore.from === "array"
-          ? ts.factory.createStringLiteral("null")
-          : ts.factory.createConditionalExpression(
-              ts.factory.createStrictEquality(
-                ts.factory.createNull(),
-                props.input,
-              ),
-              undefined,
-              ts.factory.createStringLiteral("null"),
-              undefined,
-              ts.factory.createIdentifier("undefined"),
-            );
-      else if (props.metadata.isRequired() === false)
-        return props.explore.from === "array"
-          ? ts.factory.createStringLiteral("null")
-          : ts.factory.createIdentifier("undefined");
-      else return ts.factory.createStringLiteral("null");
-    }
-
-    //----
-    // LIST UP UNION TYPES
-    //----
-    const unions: IUnion[] = [];
-
-    // toJSON() METHOD
-    if (props.metadata.escaped !== null)
-      unions.push({
-        type: "resolved",
-        is:
-          props.metadata.escaped.original.size() === 1 &&
-          props.metadata.escaped.original.natives[0]?.name === "Date"
-            ? () =>
-                check_native({
-                  name: "Date",
-                  input: props.input,
-                })
-            : () =>
-                IsProgrammer.decode_to_json({
-                  checkNull: false,
-                  input: props.input,
-                }),
-        value: () =>
-          decode_to_json({
-            ...props,
-            metadata: props.metadata.escaped!.returns,
-          }),
-      });
-    else if (props.metadata.functions.length)
-      unions.push({
-        type: "functional",
-        is: () => IsProgrammer.decode_functional(props.input),
-        value: () => decode_functional(props.explore),
-      });
-
-    // TEMPLATES
-    if (props.metadata.templates.length)
-      if (AtomicPredicator.template(props.metadata)) {
-        const partial = Metadata.initialize();
-        partial.atomics.push(
-          MetadataAtomic.create({ type: "string", tags: [] }),
-        ),
-          unions.push({
-            type: "template literal",
-            is: () =>
-              IsProgrammer.decode({
-                ...props,
-                metadata: partial,
-              }),
-            value: () =>
-              decode_atomic({
-                ...props,
-                type: "string",
-              }),
-          });
-      }
-
-    // CONSTANTS
-    for (const constant of props.metadata.constants)
-      if (
-        AtomicPredicator.constant({
-          metadata: props.metadata,
-          name: constant.type,
-        }) === false
-      )
-        continue;
-      else if (constant.type !== "string")
-        unions.push({
-          type: "atomic",
-          is: () =>
-            IsProgrammer.decode({
-              ...props,
-              metadata: (() => {
-                const partial = Metadata.initialize();
-                partial.atomics.push(
-                  MetadataAtomic.create({
-                    type: constant.type,
-                    tags: [],
-                  }),
-                );
-                return partial;
-              })(),
-            }),
-          value: () =>
-            decode_atomic({
-              ...props,
-              type: constant.type,
-            }),
-        });
-      else if (props.metadata.templates.length === 0)
-        unions.push({
-          type: "const string",
-          is: () =>
-            IsProgrammer.decode({
-              ...props,
-              metadata: (() => {
-                const partial = Metadata.initialize();
-                partial.atomics.push(
-                  MetadataAtomic.create({
-                    type: "string",
-                    tags: [],
-                  }),
-                );
-                return partial;
-              })(),
-            }),
-          value: () =>
-            decode_constant_string({
-              ...props,
-              values: [...constant.values.map((v) => v.value)] as string[],
-            }),
-        });
-
-    /// ATOMICS
-    for (const a of props.metadata.atomics)
-      if (
-        AtomicPredicator.atomic({
-          metadata: props.metadata,
-          name: a.type,
-        })
-      )
-        unions.push({
-          type: "atomic",
-          is: () =>
-            IsProgrammer.decode({
-              ...props,
-              metadata: (() => {
-                const partial = Metadata.initialize();
-                partial.atomics.push(a);
-                return partial;
-              })(),
-            }),
-          value: () =>
-            decode_atomic({
-              ...props,
-              type: a.type,
-            }),
-        });
-
-    // TUPLES
-    for (const tuple of props.metadata.tuples)
-      unions.push({
-        type: "tuple",
-        is: () =>
-          IsProgrammer.decode({
-            ...props,
-            metadata: (() => {
-              const partial = Metadata.initialize();
-              partial.tuples.push(tuple);
-              return partial;
-            })(),
-          }),
-        value: () =>
-          decode_tuple({
-            ...props,
-            tuple,
-          }),
-      });
-
-    // ARRAYS
-    if (props.metadata.arrays.length) {
-      const value: () => ts.Expression =
-        props.metadata.arrays.length === 1
-          ? () =>
-              decode_array({
-                ...props,
-                array: props.metadata.arrays[0]!,
-                explore: {
-                  ...props.explore,
-                  from: "array",
-                },
-              })
-          : props.metadata.arrays.some((elem) => elem.type.value.any)
-            ? () =>
-                ts.factory.createCallExpression(
-                  ts.factory.createIdentifier("JSON.stringify"),
-                  undefined,
-                  [props.input],
-                )
-            : () =>
-                explore_arrays({
-                  ...props,
-                  arrays: props.metadata.arrays,
-                  explore: {
-                    ...props.explore,
-                    from: "array",
-                  },
-                });
-
-      unions.push({
-        type: "array",
-        is: () => ExpressionFactory.isArray(props.input),
-        value,
-      });
-    }
-
-    // BUILT-IN CLASSES
-    if (props.metadata.natives.length)
-      for (const native of props.metadata.natives)
-        unions.push({
-          type: "object",
-          is: () =>
-            check_native({
-              name: native.name,
-              input: props.input,
-            }),
-          value: () =>
-            AtomicPredicator.native(native.name)
-              ? decode_atomic({
-                  ...props,
-                  type: native.name.toLowerCase() as Atomic.Literal,
-                })
-              : ts.factory.createStringLiteral("{}"),
-        });
-
-    // SETS
-    if (props.metadata.sets.length)
-      unions.push({
-        type: "object",
-        is: () => ExpressionFactory.isInstanceOf("Set", props.input),
-        value: () => ts.factory.createStringLiteral("{}"),
-      });
-
-    // MAPS
-    if (props.metadata.maps.length)
-      unions.push({
-        type: "object",
-        is: () => ExpressionFactory.isInstanceOf("Map", props.input),
-        value: () => ts.factory.createStringLiteral("{}"),
-      });
-
-    // OBJECTS
-    if (props.metadata.objects.length)
-      unions.push({
-        type: "object",
-        is: () =>
-          ExpressionFactory.isObject({
-            checkNull: true,
-            checkArray: props.metadata.objects.some((object) =>
-              object.type.properties.every(
-                (prop) => !prop.key.isSoleLiteral() || !prop.value.isRequired(),
-              ),
-            ),
-            input: props.input,
-          }),
-        value: () =>
-          explore_objects({
-            ...props,
-            explore: {
-              ...props.explore,
-              from: "object",
-            },
-          }),
-      });
-
-    //----
-    // RETURNS
-    //----
-    // CHECK NULL AND UNDEFINED
-    const wrapper = (output: ts.Expression) =>
-      wrap_required({
-        input: props.input,
-        metadata: props.metadata,
-        explore: props.explore,
-        expression: wrap_nullable({
-          input: props.input,
-          metadata: props.metadata,
-          expression: output,
-        }),
-      });
-
-    // DIRECT RETURN
-    if (unions.length === 0)
-      return ts.factory.createCallExpression(
-        ts.factory.createIdentifier("JSON.stringify"),
-        undefined,
-        [props.input],
-      );
-    else if (unions.length === 1) return wrapper(unions[0]!.value());
-
-    // RETURN WITH TYPE CHECKING
-    return wrapper(
-      ts.factory.createCallExpression(
-        ts.factory.createArrowFunction(
-          undefined,
-          undefined,
-          [],
-          undefined,
-          undefined,
-          iterate({
-            context: props.context,
-            functor: props.functor,
-            input: props.input,
-            expected: props.metadata.getName(),
-            unions,
-          }),
-        ),
-        undefined,
-        undefined,
-      ),
-    );
-  };
-
-  const decode_object = (props: {
-    functor: FunctionProgrammer;
-    input: ts.Expression;
-    object: MetadataObjectType;
-    explore: FeatureProgrammer.IExplore;
-  }): ts.CallExpression =>
-    FeatureProgrammer.decode_object({
-      config: {
-        trace: false,
-        path: false,
-        prefix: PREFIX,
-      },
-      functor: props.functor,
-      object: props.object,
-      input: props.input,
-      explore: props.explore,
-    });
-
-  const decode_array = (props: {
-    config: FeatureProgrammer.IConfig;
-    functor: FunctionProgrammer;
-    input: ts.Expression;
-    array: MetadataArray;
-    explore: FeatureProgrammer.IExplore;
-  }) =>
-    props.array.type.recursive
-      ? ts.factory.createCallExpression(
-          ts.factory.createIdentifier(
-            props.functor.useLocal(
-              `${props.config.prefix}a${props.array.type.index}`,
-            ),
-          ),
-          undefined,
-          FeatureProgrammer.argumentsArray({
-            config: props.config,
-            input: props.input,
-            explore: {
-              ...props.explore,
-              source: "function",
-              from: "array",
-            },
-          }),
-        )
-      : decode_array_inline(props);
-
-  const decode_array_inline = (props: {
-    config: FeatureProgrammer.IConfig;
-    functor: FunctionProgrammer;
-    input: ts.Expression;
-    array: MetadataArray;
-    explore: FeatureProgrammer.IExplore;
-  }) =>
-    FeatureProgrammer.decode_array({
-      config: props.config,
-      functor: props.functor,
-      combiner: StringifyJoiner.array,
-      array: props.array,
-      input: props.input,
-      explore: props.explore,
-    });
-
-  const decode_tuple = (props: {
-    context: ITypiaContext;
-    config: FeatureProgrammer.IConfig;
-    functor: FunctionProgrammer;
-    input: ts.Expression;
-    tuple: MetadataTuple;
-    explore: FeatureProgrammer.IExplore;
-  }): ts.Expression =>
-    props.tuple.type.recursive
-      ? ts.factory.createCallExpression(
-          ts.factory.createIdentifier(
-            props.functor.useLocal(
-              `${props.config.prefix}t${props.tuple.type.index}`,
-            ),
-          ),
-          undefined,
-          FeatureProgrammer.argumentsArray({
-            config: props.config,
-            explore: {
-              ...props.explore,
-              source: "function",
-            },
-            input: props.input,
-          }),
-        )
-      : decode_tuple_inline({
-          ...props,
-          tuple: props.tuple.type,
-        });
-
-  const decode_tuple_inline = (props: {
-    context: ITypiaContext;
-    config: FeatureProgrammer.IConfig;
-    functor: FunctionProgrammer;
-    input: ts.Expression;
-    tuple: MetadataTupleType;
-    explore: FeatureProgrammer.IExplore;
-  }): ts.Expression => {
-    const elements: ts.Expression[] = props.tuple.elements
-      .filter((elem) => elem.rest === null)
-      .map((elem, index) =>
-        decode({
-          ...props,
-          input: ts.factory.createElementAccessExpression(props.input, index),
-          metadata: elem,
-          explore: {
-            ...props.explore,
-            from: "array",
-            postfix: props.explore.postfix.length
-              ? `${postfix_of_tuple(props.explore.postfix)}[${index}]"`
-              : `"[${index}]"`,
-          },
-        }),
-      );
-    const rest = (() => {
-      if (props.tuple.elements.length === 0) return null;
-      const last = props.tuple.elements.at(-1)!;
-      if (last.rest === null) return null;
-
-      const code = decode({
-        ...props,
-        input: ts.factory.createCallExpression(
-          IdentifierFactory.access(props.input, "slice"),
-          undefined,
-          [ExpressionFactory.number(props.tuple.elements.length - 1)],
-        ),
-        metadata: wrap_metadata_rest_tuple(props.tuple.elements.at(-1)!.rest!),
-        explore: {
-          ...props.explore,
-          start: props.tuple.elements.length - 1,
-        },
-      });
-      return ts.factory.createCallExpression(
-        props.context.importer.internal("jsonStringifyRest"),
-        undefined,
-        [code],
-      );
-    })();
-    return StringifyJoiner.tuple({
-      elements,
-      rest,
-    });
-  };
-
-  const decode_atomic = (props: {
-    context: ITypiaContext;
-    input: ts.Expression;
-    type: string;
-    explore: FeatureProgrammer.IExplore;
-  }): ts.Expression => {
-    if (props.type === "string")
-      return ts.factory.createCallExpression(
-        props.context.importer.internal("jsonStringifyString"),
-        undefined,
-        [props.input],
-      );
-    else if (
-      props.type === "number" &&
-      OptionPredicator.numeric(props.context.options)
-    )
-      props = {
-        ...props,
-        input: ts.factory.createCallExpression(
-          props.context.importer.internal("jsonStringifyNumber"),
-          undefined,
-          [props.input],
-        ),
-      };
-
-    return props.explore.from !== "top"
-      ? props.input
-      : ts.factory.createCallExpression(
-          IdentifierFactory.access(props.input, "toString"),
-          undefined,
-          undefined,
-        );
-  };
-
-  const decode_constant_string = (props: {
-    context: ITypiaContext;
-    functor: FunctionProgrammer;
-    input: ts.Expression;
-    values: string[];
-    explore: FeatureProgrammer.IExplore;
-  }): ts.Expression => {
-    if (props.values.every((v) => !StringifyPredicator.require_escape(v)))
-      return [
-        ts.factory.createStringLiteral('"'),
-        props.input,
-        ts.factory.createStringLiteral('"'),
-      ].reduce((x, y) => ts.factory.createAdd(x, y));
-    return decode_atomic({
-      ...props,
-      type: "string",
-    });
-  };
-
-  const decode_to_json = (props: {
-    context: ITypiaContext;
-    config: FeatureProgrammer.IConfig;
-    functor: FunctionProgrammer;
-    input: ts.Expression;
-    metadata: Metadata;
-    explore: FeatureProgrammer.IExplore;
-  }): ts.Expression => {
-    return decode({
-      ...props,
-      input: ts.factory.createCallExpression(
-        IdentifierFactory.access(props.input, "toJSON"),
-        undefined,
-        [],
-      ),
-    });
-  };
-
-  const decode_functional = (explore: FeatureProgrammer.IExplore) =>
-    explore.from === "array"
-      ? ts.factory.createStringLiteral("null")
-      : ts.factory.createIdentifier("undefined");
-
-  /* -----------------------------------------------------------
-    EXPLORERS
-  ----------------------------------------------------------- */
-  const explore_objects = (props: {
-    config: FeatureProgrammer.IConfig;
-    functor: FunctionProgrammer;
-    input: ts.Expression;
-    metadata: Metadata;
-    explore: FeatureProgrammer.IExplore;
-  }) =>
-    props.metadata.objects.length === 1
-      ? decode_object({
-          functor: props.functor,
-          input: props.input,
-          object: props.metadata.objects[0]!.type,
-          explore: props.explore,
-        })
-      : ts.factory.createCallExpression(
-          ts.factory.createIdentifier(
-            props.functor.useLocal(`${PREFIX}u${props.metadata.union_index!}`),
-          ),
-          undefined,
-          FeatureProgrammer.argumentsArray(props),
-        );
-
-  const explore_arrays = (props: {
-    context: ITypiaContext;
-    config: FeatureProgrammer.IConfig;
-    functor: FunctionProgrammer;
-    input: ts.Expression;
-    arrays: MetadataArray[];
-    explore: FeatureProgrammer.IExplore;
-  }): ts.Expression =>
-    explore_array_like_union_types({
-      ...props,
-      elements: props.arrays,
-      factory: (next) =>
-        UnionExplorer.array({
-          config: {
-            checker: (v) =>
-              IsProgrammer.decode({
-                context: props.context,
-                functor: props.functor,
-                metadata: v.definition,
-                input: v.input,
-                explore: v.explore,
-              }),
-            decoder: (v) =>
-              decode_array({
-                config: props.config,
-                functor: props.functor,
-                input: v.input,
-                array: v.definition,
-                explore: v.explore,
-              }),
-            empty: ts.factory.createStringLiteral("[]"),
-            success: ts.factory.createTrue(),
-            failure: (v) =>
-              create_throw_error({
-                context: props.context,
-                functor: props.functor,
-                expected: v.expected,
-                input: v.input,
-              }),
-          },
-          parameters: next.parameters,
-          input: next.input,
-          arrays: next.definitions,
-          explore: next.explore,
-        }),
-      //(next.parameters)(next.input, next.elements, next.explore),
-    });
-
-  const explore_array_like_union_types = <
-    T extends MetadataArray | MetadataTuple,
-  >(props: {
-    config: FeatureProgrammer.IConfig;
-    functor: FunctionProgrammer;
-    factory: (next: {
-      parameters: ts.ParameterDeclaration[];
-      input: ts.Expression;
-      definitions: T[];
-      explore: FeatureProgrammer.IExplore;
-    }) => ts.ArrowFunction;
-    input: ts.Expression;
-    elements: T[];
-    explore: FeatureProgrammer.IExplore;
-  }): ts.Expression => {
-    const arrow = (next: {
-      parameters: ts.ParameterDeclaration[];
-      explore: FeatureProgrammer.IExplore;
-      input: ts.Expression;
-    }): ts.ArrowFunction =>
-      props.factory({
-        definitions: props.elements,
-        parameters: next.parameters,
-        input: next.input,
-        explore: next.explore,
-      });
-    if (props.elements.every((e) => e.type.recursive === false))
-      ts.factory.createCallExpression(
-        arrow({
-          parameters: [],
-          explore: props.explore,
-          input: props.input,
-        }),
-        undefined,
-        [],
-      );
-
-    const arrayExplore: FeatureProgrammer.IExplore = {
-      ...props.explore,
-      source: "function",
-      from: "array",
-    };
-    return ts.factory.createCallExpression(
-      ts.factory.createIdentifier(
-        props.functor.emplaceUnion(
-          props.config.prefix,
-          props.elements.map((e) => e.type.name).join(" | "),
-          () =>
-            arrow({
-              parameters: FeatureProgrammer.parameterDeclarations({
-                config: props.config,
-                type: TypeFactory.keyword("any"),
-                input: ts.factory.createIdentifier("input"),
-              }),
-              explore: {
-                ...arrayExplore,
-                postfix: "",
-              },
-              input: ts.factory.createIdentifier("input"),
-            }),
-        ),
-      ),
-      undefined,
-      FeatureProgrammer.argumentsArray({
-        config: props.config,
-        explore: arrayExplore,
-        input: props.input,
-      }),
-    );
-  };
-
-  /* -----------------------------------------------------------
-    RETURN SCRIPTS
-  ----------------------------------------------------------- */
-  const wrap_required = (props: {
-    input: ts.Expression;
-    metadata: Metadata;
-    explore: FeatureProgrammer.IExplore;
-    expression: ts.Expression;
-  }): ts.Expression => {
-    if (props.metadata.isRequired() === true && props.metadata.any === false)
-      return props.expression;
-    return ts.factory.createConditionalExpression(
-      ts.factory.createStrictInequality(
-        ts.factory.createIdentifier("undefined"),
-        props.input,
-      ),
-      undefined,
-      props.expression,
-      undefined,
-      props.explore.from === "array"
-        ? ts.factory.createStringLiteral("null")
-        : ts.factory.createIdentifier("undefined"),
-    );
-  };
-
-  const wrap_nullable = (props: {
-    input: ts.Expression;
-    metadata: Metadata;
-    expression: ts.Expression;
-  }): ts.Expression => {
-    if (props.metadata.nullable === false) return props.expression;
-    return ts.factory.createConditionalExpression(
-      ts.factory.createStrictInequality(ts.factory.createNull(), props.input),
-      undefined,
-      props.expression,
-      undefined,
-      ts.factory.createStringLiteral("null"),
-    );
-  };
-
-  const wrap_functional = (props: {
-    input: ts.Expression;
-    metadata: Metadata;
-    explore: FeatureProgrammer.IExplore;
-    expression: ts.Expression;
-  }): ts.Expression => {
-    if (props.metadata.functions.length === 0) return props.expression;
-    return ts.factory.createConditionalExpression(
-      ts.factory.createStrictInequality(
-        ts.factory.createStringLiteral("function"),
-        ValueFactory.TYPEOF(props.input),
-      ),
-      undefined,
-      props.expression,
-      undefined,
-      decode_functional(props.explore),
-    );
-  };
-
-  const iterate = (props: {
-    context: ITypiaContext;
-    functor: FunctionProgrammer;
-    input: ts.Expression;
-    unions: IUnion[];
-    expected: string;
-  }) =>
-    ts.factory.createBlock(
-      [
-        ...props.unions.map((u) =>
-          ts.factory.createIfStatement(
-            u.is(),
-            ts.factory.createReturnStatement(u.value()),
-          ),
-        ),
-        create_throw_error(props),
-      ],
-      true,
-    );
-
-  /* -----------------------------------------------------------
-    CONFIGURATIONS
-  ----------------------------------------------------------- */
-  const PREFIX = "_s";
-
-  const configure = (props: {
-    context: ITypiaContext;
-    functor: FunctionProgrammer;
-  }): FeatureProgrammer.IConfig => {
-    const config: FeatureProgrammer.IConfig<ts.Expression> = {
-      types: {
-        input: (type, name) =>
-          ts.factory.createTypeReferenceNode(
-            name ??
-              TypeFactory.getFullName({ checker: props.context.checker, type }),
-          ),
-        output: () => TypeFactory.keyword("string"),
-      },
-      prefix: PREFIX,
-      trace: false,
-      path: false,
-      initializer,
-      decoder: (next) =>
-        decode({
-          context: props.context,
-          functor: props.functor,
-          config,
-          metadata: next.metadata,
-          input: next.input,
-          explore: next.explore,
-        }),
-      objector: {
-        checker: (next) =>
-          IsProgrammer.decode({
-            context: props.context,
-            functor: props.functor,
-            metadata: next.metadata,
-            input: next.input,
-            explore: next.explore,
-          }),
-        decoder: (next) =>
-          decode_object({
-            functor: props.functor,
-            input: next.input,
-            object: next.object,
-            explore: next.explore,
-          }),
-        joiner: (next) =>
-          StringifyJoiner.object({
-            ...next,
-            context: props.context,
-          }),
-        unionizer: (next) =>
-          decode_union_object({
-            checker: (v) =>
-              IsProgrammer.decode_object({
-                context: props.context,
-                functor: props.functor,
-                input: v.input,
-                object: v.object,
-                explore: v.explore,
-              }),
-            decoder: (v) =>
-              decode_object({
-                functor: props.functor,
-                input: v.input,
-                object: v.object,
-                explore: v.explore,
-              }),
-            success: (exp) => exp,
-            escaper: (v) =>
-              create_throw_error({
-                context: props.context,
-                functor: props.functor,
-                expected: v.expected,
-                input: v.input,
-              }),
-            objects: next.objects,
-            explore: next.explore,
-            input: next.input,
-          }),
-        failure: (next) =>
-          create_throw_error({
-            context: props.context,
-            functor: props.functor,
-            expected: next.expected,
-            input: next.input,
-          }),
-      },
-      generator: {
-        arrays: (collection) =>
-          write_array_functions({
-            config,
-            functor: props.functor,
-            collection,
-          }),
-        tuples: (collection) =>
-          write_tuple_functions({
-            config,
-            context: props.context,
-            functor: props.functor,
-            collection,
-          }),
-      },
-    };
-    return config;
-  };
-
-  const initializer: FeatureProgrammer.IConfig["initializer"] = (props) =>
-    JsonMetadataFactory.analyze({
-      method: props.functor.method,
-      checker: props.context.checker,
-      transformer: props.context.transformer,
-      type: props.type,
-    });
-
-  const create_throw_error = (props: {
-    context: ITypiaContext;
-    functor: FunctionProgrammer;
-    expected: string;
-    input: ts.Expression;
-  }) =>
-    ts.factory.createExpressionStatement(
-      ts.factory.createCallExpression(
-        props.context.importer.internal("throwTypeGuardError"),
-        [],
-        [
-          ts.factory.createObjectLiteralExpression(
-            [
-              ts.factory.createPropertyAssignment(
-                "method",
-                ts.factory.createStringLiteral(props.functor.method),
-              ),
-              ts.factory.createPropertyAssignment(
-                "expected",
-                ts.factory.createStringLiteral(props.expected),
-              ),
-              ts.factory.createPropertyAssignment("value", props.input),
-            ],
-            true,
-          ),
-        ],
-      ),
-    );
-}
-
-interface IUnion {
-  type: string;
-  is: () => ts.Expression;
-  value: () => ts.Expression;
-}
+import ts from "typescript";
+
+import { ExpressionFactory } from "../../factories/ExpressionFactory";
+import { IdentifierFactory } from "../../factories/IdentifierFactory";
+import { JsonMetadataFactory } from "../../factories/JsonMetadataFactory";
+import { MetadataCollection } from "../../factories/MetadataCollection";
+import { StatementFactory } from "../../factories/StatementFactory";
+import { TypeFactory } from "../../factories/TypeFactory";
+import { ValueFactory } from "../../factories/ValueFactory";
+
+import { Metadata } from "../../schemas/metadata/Metadata";
+import { MetadataArray } from "../../schemas/metadata/MetadataArray";
+import { MetadataAtomic } from "../../schemas/metadata/MetadataAtomic";
+import { MetadataObjectType } from "../../schemas/metadata/MetadataObjectType";
+import { MetadataTuple } from "../../schemas/metadata/MetadataTuple";
+import { MetadataTupleType } from "../../schemas/metadata/MetadataTupleType";
+
+import { IProgrammerProps } from "../../transformers/IProgrammerProps";
+import { ITypiaContext } from "../../transformers/ITypiaContext";
+
+import { Atomic } from "../../typings/Atomic";
+
+import { FeatureProgrammer } from "../FeatureProgrammer";
+import { IsProgrammer } from "../IsProgrammer";
+import { AtomicPredicator } from "../helpers/AtomicPredicator";
+import { FunctionProgrammer } from "../helpers/FunctionProgrammer";
+import { OptionPredicator } from "../helpers/OptionPredicator";
+import { StringifyJoiner } from "../helpers/StringifyJoinder";
+import { StringifyPredicator } from "../helpers/StringifyPredicator";
+import { UnionExplorer } from "../helpers/UnionExplorer";
+import { check_native } from "../internal/check_native";
+import { decode_union_object } from "../internal/decode_union_object";
+import { postfix_of_tuple } from "../internal/postfix_of_tuple";
+import { wrap_metadata_rest_tuple } from "../internal/wrap_metadata_rest_tuple";
+
+export namespace JsonStringifyProgrammer {
+  /* -----------------------------------------------------------
+    WRITER
+  ----------------------------------------------------------- */
+  export const decompose = (props: {
+    validated: boolean;
+    context: ITypiaContext;
+    functor: FunctionProgrammer;
+    type: ts.Type;
+    name: string | undefined;
+  }): FeatureProgrammer.IDecomposed => {
+    const config: FeatureProgrammer.IConfig = configure(props);
+    if (props.validated === false)
+      config.addition = (collection) =>
+        IsProgrammer.write_function_statements({
+          context: props.context,
+          functor: props.functor,
+          collection,
+        });
+    const composed: FeatureProgrammer.IComposed = FeatureProgrammer.compose({
+      ...props,
+      config,
+    });
+    return {
+      functions: composed.functions,
+      statements: composed.statements,
+      arrow: ts.factory.createArrowFunction(
+        undefined,
+        undefined,
+        composed.parameters,
+        composed.response,
+        undefined,
+        composed.body,
+      ),
+    };
+  };
+
+  export const write = (props: IProgrammerProps): ts.CallExpression => {
+    const functor: FunctionProgrammer = new FunctionProgrammer(
+      props.modulo.getText(),
+    );
+    const result: FeatureProgrammer.IDecomposed = decompose({
+      ...props,
+      validated: false,
+      functor,
+    });
+    return FeatureProgrammer.writeDecomposed({
+      modulo: props.modulo,
+      functor,
+      result,
+    });
+  };
+
+  const write_array_functions = (props: {
+    config: FeatureProgrammer.IConfig;
+    functor: FunctionProgrammer;
+    collection: MetadataCollection;
+  }): ts.VariableStatement[] =>
+    props.collection
+      .arrays()
+      .filter((a) => a.recursive)
+      .map((type, i) =>
+        StatementFactory.constant({
+          name: `${props.config.prefix}a${i}`,
+          value: ts.factory.createArrowFunction(
+            undefined,
+            undefined,
+            FeatureProgrammer.parameterDeclarations({
+              config: props.config,
+              type: TypeFactory.keyword("any"),
+              input: ts.factory.createIdentifier("input"),
+            }),
+            TypeFactory.keyword("any"),
+            undefined,
+            decode_array_inline({
+              config: props.config,
+              functor: props.functor,
+              input: ts.factory.createIdentifier("input"),
+              array: MetadataArray.create({
+                type,
+                tags: [],
+              }),
+              explore: {
+                tracable: props.config.trace,
+                source: "function",
+                from: "array",
+                postfix: "",
+              },
+            }),
+          ),
+        }),
+      );
+
+  const write_tuple_functions = (props: {
+    context: ITypiaContext;
+    config: FeatureProgrammer.IConfig;
+    functor: FunctionProgrammer;
+    collection: MetadataCollection;
+  }): ts.VariableStatement[] =>
+    props.collection
+      .tuples()
+      .filter((t) => t.recursive)
+      .map((tuple, i) =>
+        StatementFactory.constant({
+          name: `${props.config.prefix}t${i}`,
+          value: ts.factory.createArrowFunction(
+            undefined,
+            undefined,
+            FeatureProgrammer.parameterDeclarations({
+              config: props.config,
+              type: TypeFactory.keyword("any"),
+              input: ts.factory.createIdentifier("input"),
+            }),
+            TypeFactory.keyword("any"),
+            undefined,
+            decode_tuple_inline({
+              context: props.context,
+              config: props.config,
+              functor: props.functor,
+              input: ts.factory.createIdentifier("input"),
+              tuple,
+              explore: {
+                tracable: props.config.trace,
+                source: "function",
+                from: "array",
+                postfix: "",
+              },
+            }),
+          ),
+        }),
+      );
+
+  /* -----------------------------------------------------------
+    DECODERS
+  ----------------------------------------------------------- */
+  const decode = (props: {
+    context: ITypiaContext;
+    config: FeatureProgrammer.IConfig;
+    functor: FunctionProgrammer;
+    input: ts.Expression;
+    metadata: Metadata;
+    explore: FeatureProgrammer.IExplore;
+  }): ts.Expression => {
+    // ANY TYPE
+    if (props.metadata.any === true)
+      return wrap_required({
+        input: props.input,
+        metadata: props.metadata,
+        explore: props.explore,
+        expression: wrap_functional({
+          input: props.input,
+          metadata: props.metadata,
+          explore: props.explore,
+          expression: ts.factory.createCallExpression(
+            ts.factory.createIdentifier("JSON.stringify"),
+            undefined,
+            [props.input],
+          ),
+        }),
+      });
+
+    // ONLY NULL OR UNDEFINED
+    const size: number = props.metadata.size();
+    if (
+      size === 0 &&
+      (props.metadata.isRequired() === false ||
+        props.metadata.nullable === true)
+    ) {
+      if (
+        props.metadata.isRequired() === false &&
+        props.metadata.nullable === true
+      )
+        return props.explore.from === "array"
+          ? ts.factory.createStringLiteral("null")
+          : ts.factory.createConditionalExpression(
+              ts.factory.createStrictEquality(
+                ts.factory.createNull(),
+                props.input,
+              ),
+              undefined,
+              ts.factory.createStringLiteral("null"),
+              undefined,
+              ts.factory.createIdentifier("undefined"),
+            );
+      else if (props.metadata.isRequired() === false)
+        return props.explore.from === "array"
+          ? ts.factory.createStringLiteral("null")
+          : ts.factory.createIdentifier("undefined");
+      else return ts.factory.createStringLiteral("null");
+    }
+
+    //----
+    // LIST UP UNION TYPES
+    //----
+    const unions: IUnion[] = [];
+
+    // toJSON() METHOD
+    if (props.metadata.escaped !== null)
+      unions.push({
+        type: "resolved",
+        is:
+          props.metadata.escaped.original.size() === 1 &&
+          props.metadata.escaped.original.natives[0]?.name === "Date"
+            ? () =>
+                check_native({
+                  name: "Date",
+                  input: props.input,
+                })
+            : () =>
+                IsProgrammer.decode_to_json({
+                  checkNull: false,
+                  input: props.input,
+                }),
+        value: () =>
+          decode_to_json({
+            ...props,
+            metadata: props.metadata.escaped!.returns,
+          }),
+      });
+    else if (props.metadata.functions.length)
+      unions.push({
+        type: "functional",
+        is: () => IsProgrammer.decode_functional(props.input),
+        value: () => decode_functional(props.explore),
+      });
+
+    // TEMPLATES
+    if (props.metadata.templates.length)
+      if (AtomicPredicator.template(props.metadata)) {
+        const partial = Metadata.initialize();
+        partial.atomics.push(
+          MetadataAtomic.create({ type: "string", tags: [] }),
+        ),
+          unions.push({
+            type: "template literal",
+            is: () =>
+              IsProgrammer.decode({
+                ...props,
+                metadata: partial,
+              }),
+            value: () =>
+              decode_atomic({
+                ...props,
+                type: "string",
+              }),
+          });
+      }
+
+    // CONSTANTS
+    for (const constant of props.metadata.constants)
+      if (
+        AtomicPredicator.constant({
+          metadata: props.metadata,
+          name: constant.type,
+        }) === false
+      )
+        continue;
+      else if (constant.type !== "string")
+        unions.push({
+          type: "atomic",
+          is: () =>
+            IsProgrammer.decode({
+              ...props,
+              metadata: (() => {
+                const partial = Metadata.initialize();
+                partial.atomics.push(
+                  MetadataAtomic.create({
+                    type: constant.type,
+                    tags: [],
+                  }),
+                );
+                return partial;
+              })(),
+            }),
+          value: () =>
+            decode_atomic({
+              ...props,
+              type: constant.type,
+            }),
+        });
+      else if (props.metadata.templates.length === 0)
+        unions.push({
+          type: "const string",
+          is: () =>
+            IsProgrammer.decode({
+              ...props,
+              metadata: (() => {
+                const partial = Metadata.initialize();
+                partial.atomics.push(
+                  MetadataAtomic.create({
+                    type: "string",
+                    tags: [],
+                  }),
+                );
+                return partial;
+              })(),
+            }),
+          value: () =>
+            decode_constant_string({
+              ...props,
+              values: [...constant.values.map((v) => v.value)] as string[],
+            }),
+        });
+
+    /// ATOMICS
+    for (const a of props.metadata.atomics)
+      if (
+        AtomicPredicator.atomic({
+          metadata: props.metadata,
+          name: a.type,
+        })
+      )
+        unions.push({
+          type: "atomic",
+          is: () =>
+            IsProgrammer.decode({
+              ...props,
+              metadata: (() => {
+                const partial = Metadata.initialize();
+                partial.atomics.push(a);
+                return partial;
+              })(),
+            }),
+          value: () =>
+            decode_atomic({
+              ...props,
+              type: a.type,
+            }),
+        });
+
+    // TUPLES
+    for (const tuple of props.metadata.tuples)
+      unions.push({
+        type: "tuple",
+        is: () =>
+          IsProgrammer.decode({
+            ...props,
+            metadata: (() => {
+              const partial = Metadata.initialize();
+              partial.tuples.push(tuple);
+              return partial;
+            })(),
+          }),
+        value: () =>
+          decode_tuple({
+            ...props,
+            tuple,
+          }),
+      });
+
+    // ARRAYS
+    if (props.metadata.arrays.length) {
+      const value: () => ts.Expression =
+        props.metadata.arrays.length === 1
+          ? () =>
+              decode_array({
+                ...props,
+                array: props.metadata.arrays[0]!,
+                explore: {
+                  ...props.explore,
+                  from: "array",
+                },
+              })
+          : props.metadata.arrays.some((elem) => elem.type.value.any)
+            ? () =>
+                ts.factory.createCallExpression(
+                  ts.factory.createIdentifier("JSON.stringify"),
+                  undefined,
+                  [props.input],
+                )
+            : () =>
+                explore_arrays({
+                  ...props,
+                  arrays: props.metadata.arrays,
+                  explore: {
+                    ...props.explore,
+                    from: "array",
+                  },
+                });
+
+      unions.push({
+        type: "array",
+        is: () => ExpressionFactory.isArray(props.input),
+        value,
+      });
+    }
+
+    // BUILT-IN CLASSES
+    if (props.metadata.natives.length)
+      for (const native of props.metadata.natives)
+        unions.push({
+          type: "object",
+          is: () =>
+            check_native({
+              name: native.name,
+              input: props.input,
+            }),
+          value: () =>
+            AtomicPredicator.native(native.name)
+              ? decode_atomic({
+                  ...props,
+                  type: native.name.toLowerCase() as Atomic.Literal,
+                })
+              : ts.factory.createStringLiteral("{}"),
+        });
+
+    // SETS
+    if (props.metadata.sets.length)
+      unions.push({
+        type: "object",
+        is: () => ExpressionFactory.isInstanceOf("Set", props.input),
+        value: () => ts.factory.createStringLiteral("{}"),
+      });
+
+    // MAPS
+    if (props.metadata.maps.length)
+      unions.push({
+        type: "object",
+        is: () => ExpressionFactory.isInstanceOf("Map", props.input),
+        value: () => ts.factory.createStringLiteral("{}"),
+      });
+
+    // OBJECTS
+    if (props.metadata.objects.length)
+      unions.push({
+        type: "object",
+        is: () =>
+          ExpressionFactory.isObject({
+            checkNull: true,
+            checkArray: props.metadata.objects.some((object) =>
+              object.type.properties.every(
+                (prop) => !prop.key.isSoleLiteral() || !prop.value.isRequired(),
+              ),
+            ),
+            input: props.input,
+          }),
+        value: () =>
+          explore_objects({
+            ...props,
+            explore: {
+              ...props.explore,
+              from: "object",
+            },
+          }),
+      });
+
+    //----
+    // RETURNS
+    //----
+    // CHECK NULL AND UNDEFINED
+    const wrapper = (output: ts.Expression) =>
+      wrap_required({
+        input: props.input,
+        metadata: props.metadata,
+        explore: props.explore,
+        expression: wrap_nullable({
+          input: props.input,
+          metadata: props.metadata,
+          expression: output,
+        }),
+      });
+
+    // DIRECT RETURN
+    if (unions.length === 0)
+      return ts.factory.createCallExpression(
+        ts.factory.createIdentifier("JSON.stringify"),
+        undefined,
+        [props.input],
+      );
+    else if (unions.length === 1) return wrapper(unions[0]!.value());
+
+    // RETURN WITH TYPE CHECKING
+    return wrapper(
+      ts.factory.createCallExpression(
+        ts.factory.createArrowFunction(
+          undefined,
+          undefined,
+          [],
+          undefined,
+          undefined,
+          iterate({
+            context: props.context,
+            functor: props.functor,
+            input: props.input,
+            expected: props.metadata.getName(),
+            unions,
+          }),
+        ),
+        undefined,
+        undefined,
+      ),
+    );
+  };
+
+  const decode_object = (props: {
+    functor: FunctionProgrammer;
+    input: ts.Expression;
+    object: MetadataObjectType;
+    explore: FeatureProgrammer.IExplore;
+  }): ts.CallExpression =>
+    FeatureProgrammer.decode_object({
+      config: {
+        trace: false,
+        path: false,
+        prefix: PREFIX,
+      },
+      functor: props.functor,
+      object: props.object,
+      input: props.input,
+      explore: props.explore,
+    });
+
+  const decode_array = (props: {
+    config: FeatureProgrammer.IConfig;
+    functor: FunctionProgrammer;
+    input: ts.Expression;
+    array: MetadataArray;
+    explore: FeatureProgrammer.IExplore;
+  }) =>
+    props.array.type.recursive
+      ? ts.factory.createCallExpression(
+          ts.factory.createIdentifier(
+            props.functor.useLocal(
+              `${props.config.prefix}a${props.array.type.index}`,
+            ),
+          ),
+          undefined,
+          FeatureProgrammer.argumentsArray({
+            config: props.config,
+            input: props.input,
+            explore: {
+              ...props.explore,
+              source: "function",
+              from: "array",
+            },
+          }),
+        )
+      : decode_array_inline(props);
+
+  const decode_array_inline = (props: {
+    config: FeatureProgrammer.IConfig;
+    functor: FunctionProgrammer;
+    input: ts.Expression;
+    array: MetadataArray;
+    explore: FeatureProgrammer.IExplore;
+  }) =>
+    FeatureProgrammer.decode_array({
+      config: props.config,
+      functor: props.functor,
+      combiner: StringifyJoiner.array,
+      array: props.array,
+      input: props.input,
+      explore: props.explore,
+    });
+
+  const decode_tuple = (props: {
+    context: ITypiaContext;
+    config: FeatureProgrammer.IConfig;
+    functor: FunctionProgrammer;
+    input: ts.Expression;
+    tuple: MetadataTuple;
+    explore: FeatureProgrammer.IExplore;
+  }): ts.Expression =>
+    props.tuple.type.recursive
+      ? ts.factory.createCallExpression(
+          ts.factory.createIdentifier(
+            props.functor.useLocal(
+              `${props.config.prefix}t${props.tuple.type.index}`,
+            ),
+          ),
+          undefined,
+          FeatureProgrammer.argumentsArray({
+            config: props.config,
+            explore: {
+              ...props.explore,
+              source: "function",
+            },
+            input: props.input,
+          }),
+        )
+      : decode_tuple_inline({
+          ...props,
+          tuple: props.tuple.type,
+        });
+
+  const decode_tuple_inline = (props: {
+    context: ITypiaContext;
+    config: FeatureProgrammer.IConfig;
+    functor: FunctionProgrammer;
+    input: ts.Expression;
+    tuple: MetadataTupleType;
+    explore: FeatureProgrammer.IExplore;
+  }): ts.Expression => {
+    const elements: ts.Expression[] = props.tuple.elements
+      .filter((elem) => elem.rest === null)
+      .map((elem, index) =>
+        decode({
+          ...props,
+          input: ts.factory.createElementAccessExpression(props.input, index),
+          metadata: elem,
+          explore: {
+            ...props.explore,
+            from: "array",
+            postfix: props.explore.postfix.length
+              ? `${postfix_of_tuple(props.explore.postfix)}[${index}]"`
+              : `"[${index}]"`,
+          },
+        }),
+      );
+    const rest = (() => {
+      if (props.tuple.elements.length === 0) return null;
+      const last = props.tuple.elements.at(-1)!;
+      if (last.rest === null) return null;
+
+      const code = decode({
+        ...props,
+        input: ts.factory.createCallExpression(
+          IdentifierFactory.access(props.input, "slice"),
+          undefined,
+          [ExpressionFactory.number(props.tuple.elements.length - 1)],
+        ),
+        metadata: wrap_metadata_rest_tuple(props.tuple.elements.at(-1)!.rest!),
+        explore: {
+          ...props.explore,
+          start: props.tuple.elements.length - 1,
+        },
+      });
+      return ts.factory.createCallExpression(
+        props.context.importer.internal("jsonStringifyRest"),
+        undefined,
+        [code],
+      );
+    })();
+    return StringifyJoiner.tuple({
+      elements,
+      rest,
+    });
+  };
+
+  const decode_atomic = (props: {
+    context: ITypiaContext;
+    input: ts.Expression;
+    type: string;
+    explore: FeatureProgrammer.IExplore;
+  }): ts.Expression => {
+    if (props.type === "string")
+      return ts.factory.createCallExpression(
+        props.context.importer.internal("jsonStringifyString"),
+        undefined,
+        [props.input],
+      );
+    else if (
+      props.type === "number" &&
+      OptionPredicator.numeric(props.context.options)
+    )
+      props = {
+        ...props,
+        input: ts.factory.createCallExpression(
+          props.context.importer.internal("jsonStringifyNumber"),
+          undefined,
+          [props.input],
+        ),
+      };
+
+    return props.explore.from !== "top"
+      ? props.input
+      : ts.factory.createCallExpression(
+          IdentifierFactory.access(props.input, "toString"),
+          undefined,
+          undefined,
+        );
+  };
+
+  const decode_constant_string = (props: {
+    context: ITypiaContext;
+    functor: FunctionProgrammer;
+    input: ts.Expression;
+    values: string[];
+    explore: FeatureProgrammer.IExplore;
+  }): ts.Expression => {
+    if (props.values.every((v) => !StringifyPredicator.require_escape(v)))
+      return [
+        ts.factory.createStringLiteral('"'),
+        props.input,
+        ts.factory.createStringLiteral('"'),
+      ].reduce((x, y) => ts.factory.createAdd(x, y));
+    return decode_atomic({
+      ...props,
+      type: "string",
+    });
+  };
+
+  const decode_to_json = (props: {
+    context: ITypiaContext;
+    config: FeatureProgrammer.IConfig;
+    functor: FunctionProgrammer;
+    input: ts.Expression;
+    metadata: Metadata;
+    explore: FeatureProgrammer.IExplore;
+  }): ts.Expression => {
+    return decode({
+      ...props,
+      input: ts.factory.createCallExpression(
+        IdentifierFactory.access(props.input, "toJSON"),
+        undefined,
+        [],
+      ),
+    });
+  };
+
+  const decode_functional = (explore: FeatureProgrammer.IExplore) =>
+    explore.from === "array"
+      ? ts.factory.createStringLiteral("null")
+      : ts.factory.createIdentifier("undefined");
+
+  /* -----------------------------------------------------------
+    EXPLORERS
+  ----------------------------------------------------------- */
+  const explore_objects = (props: {
+    config: FeatureProgrammer.IConfig;
+    functor: FunctionProgrammer;
+    input: ts.Expression;
+    metadata: Metadata;
+    explore: FeatureProgrammer.IExplore;
+  }) =>
+    props.metadata.objects.length === 1
+      ? decode_object({
+          functor: props.functor,
+          input: props.input,
+          object: props.metadata.objects[0]!.type,
+          explore: props.explore,
+        })
+      : ts.factory.createCallExpression(
+          ts.factory.createIdentifier(
+            props.functor.useLocal(`${PREFIX}u${props.metadata.union_index!}`),
+          ),
+          undefined,
+          FeatureProgrammer.argumentsArray(props),
+        );
+
+  const explore_arrays = (props: {
+    context: ITypiaContext;
+    config: FeatureProgrammer.IConfig;
+    functor: FunctionProgrammer;
+    input: ts.Expression;
+    arrays: MetadataArray[];
+    explore: FeatureProgrammer.IExplore;
+  }): ts.Expression =>
+    explore_array_like_union_types({
+      ...props,
+      elements: props.arrays,
+      factory: (next) =>
+        UnionExplorer.array({
+          config: {
+            checker: (v) =>
+              IsProgrammer.decode({
+                context: props.context,
+                functor: props.functor,
+                metadata: v.definition,
+                input: v.input,
+                explore: v.explore,
+              }),
+            decoder: (v) =>
+              decode_array({
+                config: props.config,
+                functor: props.functor,
+                input: v.input,
+                array: v.definition,
+                explore: v.explore,
+              }),
+            empty: ts.factory.createStringLiteral("[]"),
+            success: ts.factory.createTrue(),
+            failure: (v) =>
+              create_throw_error({
+                context: props.context,
+                functor: props.functor,
+                expected: v.expected,
+                input: v.input,
+              }),
+          },
+          parameters: next.parameters,
+          input: next.input,
+          arrays: next.definitions,
+          explore: next.explore,
+        }),
+      //(next.parameters)(next.input, next.elements, next.explore),
+    });
+
+  const explore_array_like_union_types = <
+    T extends MetadataArray | MetadataTuple,
+  >(props: {
+    config: FeatureProgrammer.IConfig;
+    functor: FunctionProgrammer;
+    factory: (next: {
+      parameters: ts.ParameterDeclaration[];
+      input: ts.Expression;
+      definitions: T[];
+      explore: FeatureProgrammer.IExplore;
+    }) => ts.ArrowFunction;
+    input: ts.Expression;
+    elements: T[];
+    explore: FeatureProgrammer.IExplore;
+  }): ts.Expression => {
+    const arrow = (next: {
+      parameters: ts.ParameterDeclaration[];
+      explore: FeatureProgrammer.IExplore;
+      input: ts.Expression;
+    }): ts.ArrowFunction =>
+      props.factory({
+        definitions: props.elements,
+        parameters: next.parameters,
+        input: next.input,
+        explore: next.explore,
+      });
+    if (props.elements.every((e) => e.type.recursive === false))
+      ts.factory.createCallExpression(
+        arrow({
+          parameters: [],
+          explore: props.explore,
+          input: props.input,
+        }),
+        undefined,
+        [],
+      );
+
+    const arrayExplore: FeatureProgrammer.IExplore = {
+      ...props.explore,
+      source: "function",
+      from: "array",
+    };
+    return ts.factory.createCallExpression(
+      ts.factory.createIdentifier(
+        props.functor.emplaceUnion(
+          props.config.prefix,
+          props.elements.map((e) => e.type.name).join(" | "),
+          () =>
+            arrow({
+              parameters: FeatureProgrammer.parameterDeclarations({
+                config: props.config,
+                type: TypeFactory.keyword("any"),
+                input: ts.factory.createIdentifier("input"),
+              }),
+              explore: {
+                ...arrayExplore,
+                postfix: "",
+              },
+              input: ts.factory.createIdentifier("input"),
+            }),
+        ),
+      ),
+      undefined,
+      FeatureProgrammer.argumentsArray({
+        config: props.config,
+        explore: arrayExplore,
+        input: props.input,
+      }),
+    );
+  };
+
+  /* -----------------------------------------------------------
+    RETURN SCRIPTS
+  ----------------------------------------------------------- */
+  const wrap_required = (props: {
+    input: ts.Expression;
+    metadata: Metadata;
+    explore: FeatureProgrammer.IExplore;
+    expression: ts.Expression;
+  }): ts.Expression => {
+    if (props.metadata.isRequired() === true && props.metadata.any === false)
+      return props.expression;
+    return ts.factory.createConditionalExpression(
+      ts.factory.createStrictInequality(
+        ts.factory.createIdentifier("undefined"),
+        props.input,
+      ),
+      undefined,
+      props.expression,
+      undefined,
+      props.explore.from === "array"
+        ? ts.factory.createStringLiteral("null")
+        : ts.factory.createIdentifier("undefined"),
+    );
+  };
+
+  const wrap_nullable = (props: {
+    input: ts.Expression;
+    metadata: Metadata;
+    expression: ts.Expression;
+  }): ts.Expression => {
+    if (props.metadata.nullable === false) return props.expression;
+    return ts.factory.createConditionalExpression(
+      ts.factory.createStrictInequality(ts.factory.createNull(), props.input),
+      undefined,
+      props.expression,
+      undefined,
+      ts.factory.createStringLiteral("null"),
+    );
+  };
+
+  const wrap_functional = (props: {
+    input: ts.Expression;
+    metadata: Metadata;
+    explore: FeatureProgrammer.IExplore;
+    expression: ts.Expression;
+  }): ts.Expression => {
+    if (props.metadata.functions.length === 0) return props.expression;
+    return ts.factory.createConditionalExpression(
+      ts.factory.createStrictInequality(
+        ts.factory.createStringLiteral("function"),
+        ValueFactory.TYPEOF(props.input),
+      ),
+      undefined,
+      props.expression,
+      undefined,
+      decode_functional(props.explore),
+    );
+  };
+
+  const iterate = (props: {
+    context: ITypiaContext;
+    functor: FunctionProgrammer;
+    input: ts.Expression;
+    unions: IUnion[];
+    expected: string;
+  }) =>
+    ts.factory.createBlock(
+      [
+        ...props.unions.map((u) =>
+          ts.factory.createIfStatement(
+            u.is(),
+            ts.factory.createReturnStatement(u.value()),
+          ),
+        ),
+        create_throw_error(props),
+      ],
+      true,
+    );
+
+  /* -----------------------------------------------------------
+    CONFIGURATIONS
+  ----------------------------------------------------------- */
+  const PREFIX = "_s";
+
+  const configure = (props: {
+    context: ITypiaContext;
+    functor: FunctionProgrammer;
+  }): FeatureProgrammer.IConfig => {
+    const config: FeatureProgrammer.IConfig<ts.Expression> = {
+      types: {
+        input: (type, name) =>
+          ts.factory.createTypeReferenceNode(
+            name ??
+              TypeFactory.getFullName({ checker: props.context.checker, type }),
+          ),
+        output: () => TypeFactory.keyword("string"),
+      },
+      prefix: PREFIX,
+      trace: false,
+      path: false,
+      initializer,
+      decoder: (next) =>
+        decode({
+          context: props.context,
+          functor: props.functor,
+          config,
+          metadata: next.metadata,
+          input: next.input,
+          explore: next.explore,
+        }),
+      objector: {
+        checker: (next) =>
+          IsProgrammer.decode({
+            context: props.context,
+            functor: props.functor,
+            metadata: next.metadata,
+            input: next.input,
+            explore: next.explore,
+          }),
+        decoder: (next) =>
+          decode_object({
+            functor: props.functor,
+            input: next.input,
+            object: next.object,
+            explore: next.explore,
+          }),
+        joiner: (next) =>
+          StringifyJoiner.object({
+            ...next,
+            context: props.context,
+          }),
+        unionizer: (next) =>
+          decode_union_object({
+            checker: (v) =>
+              IsProgrammer.decode_object({
+                context: props.context,
+                functor: props.functor,
+                input: v.input,
+                object: v.object,
+                explore: v.explore,
+              }),
+            decoder: (v) =>
+              decode_object({
+                functor: props.functor,
+                input: v.input,
+                object: v.object,
+                explore: v.explore,
+              }),
+            success: (exp) => exp,
+            escaper: (v) =>
+              create_throw_error({
+                context: props.context,
+                functor: props.functor,
+                expected: v.expected,
+                input: v.input,
+              }),
+            objects: next.objects,
+            explore: next.explore,
+            input: next.input,
+          }),
+        failure: (next) =>
+          create_throw_error({
+            context: props.context,
+            functor: props.functor,
+            expected: next.expected,
+            input: next.input,
+          }),
+      },
+      generator: {
+        arrays: (collection) =>
+          write_array_functions({
+            config,
+            functor: props.functor,
+            collection,
+          }),
+        tuples: (collection) =>
+          write_tuple_functions({
+            config,
+            context: props.context,
+            functor: props.functor,
+            collection,
+          }),
+      },
+    };
+    return config;
+  };
+
+  const initializer: FeatureProgrammer.IConfig["initializer"] = (props) =>
+    JsonMetadataFactory.analyze({
+      method: props.functor.method,
+      checker: props.context.checker,
+      transformer: props.context.transformer,
+      type: props.type,
+    });
+
+  const create_throw_error = (props: {
+    context: ITypiaContext;
+    functor: FunctionProgrammer;
+    expected: string;
+    input: ts.Expression;
+  }) =>
+    ts.factory.createExpressionStatement(
+      ts.factory.createCallExpression(
+        props.context.importer.internal("throwTypeGuardError"),
+        [],
+        [
+          ts.factory.createObjectLiteralExpression(
+            [
+              ts.factory.createPropertyAssignment(
+                "method",
+                ts.factory.createStringLiteral(props.functor.method),
+              ),
+              ts.factory.createPropertyAssignment(
+                "expected",
+                ts.factory.createStringLiteral(props.expected),
+              ),
+              ts.factory.createPropertyAssignment("value", props.input),
+            ],
+            true,
+          ),
+        ],
+      ),
+    );
+}
+
+interface IUnion {
+  type: string;
+  is: () => ts.Expression;
+  value: () => ts.Expression;
+}