typia 5.3.12-dev.20240121 → 5.3.12

package/src/programmers/json/JsonStringifyProgrammer.ts

@@ -1,893 +1,893 @@
-import ts from "typescript";
-
-import { ExpressionFactory } from "../../factories/ExpressionFactory";
-import { IdentifierFactory } from "../../factories/IdentifierFactory";
-import { JsonMetadataFactory } from "../../factories/JsonMetadataFactory";
-import { MetadataCollection } from "../../factories/MetadataCollection";
-import { StatementFactory } from "../../factories/StatementFactory";
-import { TypeFactory } from "../../factories/TypeFactory";
-import { ValueFactory } from "../../factories/ValueFactory";
-
-import { Metadata } from "../../schemas/metadata/Metadata";
-import { MetadataArray } from "../../schemas/metadata/MetadataArray";
-import { MetadataAtomic } from "../../schemas/metadata/MetadataAtomic";
-import { MetadataObject } from "../../schemas/metadata/MetadataObject";
-import { MetadataTuple } from "../../schemas/metadata/MetadataTuple";
-import { MetadataTupleType } from "../../schemas/metadata/MetadataTupleType";
-
-import { IProject } from "../../transformers/IProject";
-
-import { Atomic } from "../../typings/Atomic";
-
-import { ArrayUtil } from "../../utils/ArrayUtil";
-
-import { FeatureProgrammer } from "../FeatureProgrammer";
-import { IsProgrammer } from "../IsProgrammer";
-import { AtomicPredicator } from "../helpers/AtomicPredicator";
-import { FunctionImporter } from "../helpers/FunctionImporeter";
-import { IExpressionEntry } from "../helpers/IExpressionEntry";
-import { OptionPredicator } from "../helpers/OptionPredicator";
-import { StringifyJoiner } from "../helpers/StringifyJoinder";
-import { StringifyPredicator } from "../helpers/StringifyPredicator";
-import { UnionExplorer } from "../helpers/UnionExplorer";
-import { check_native } from "../internal/check_native";
-import { decode_union_object } from "../internal/decode_union_object";
-import { feature_object_entries } from "../internal/feature_object_entries";
-import { wrap_metadata_rest_tuple } from "../internal/wrap_metadata_rest_tuple";
-
-export namespace JsonStringifyProgrammer {
-  /* -----------------------------------------------------------
-        WRITER
-    ----------------------------------------------------------- */
-
-  export const write =
-    (project: IProject) => (modulo: ts.LeftHandSideExpression) => {
-      const importer: FunctionImporter = new FunctionImporter(modulo.getText());
-      const config: FeatureProgrammer.IConfig = configure(project)(importer);
-
-      return FeatureProgrammer.write(project)({
-        ...config,
-        addition: (collection) => [
-          ...IsProgrammer.write_function_statements(project)(importer)(
-            collection,
-          ),
-          ...importer.declare(modulo),
-        ],
-      })(importer);
-    };
-
-  const write_array_functions =
-    (config: FeatureProgrammer.IConfig) =>
-    (importer: FunctionImporter) =>
-    (collection: MetadataCollection): ts.VariableStatement[] =>
-      collection
-        .arrays()
-        .filter((a) => a.recursive)
-        .map((type, i) =>
-          StatementFactory.constant(
-            `${config.prefix}a${i}`,
-            ts.factory.createArrowFunction(
-              undefined,
-              undefined,
-              FeatureProgrammer.parameterDeclarations(config)(
-                TypeFactory.keyword("any"),
-              )(ts.factory.createIdentifier("input")),
-              TypeFactory.keyword("any"),
-              undefined,
-              decode_array_inline(config)(importer)(
-                ts.factory.createIdentifier("input"),
-                MetadataArray.create({
-                  type,
-                  tags: [],
-                }),
-                {
-                  tracable: config.trace,
-                  source: "function",
-                  from: "array",
-                  postfix: "",
-                },
-              ),
-            ),
-          ),
-        );
-
-  const write_tuple_functions =
-    (project: IProject) =>
-    (config: FeatureProgrammer.IConfig) =>
-    (importer: FunctionImporter) =>
-    (collection: MetadataCollection): ts.VariableStatement[] =>
-      collection
-        .tuples()
-        .filter((t) => t.recursive)
-        .map((tuple, i) =>
-          StatementFactory.constant(
-            `${config.prefix}t${i}`,
-            ts.factory.createArrowFunction(
-              undefined,
-              undefined,
-              FeatureProgrammer.parameterDeclarations(config)(
-                TypeFactory.keyword("any"),
-              )(ts.factory.createIdentifier("input")),
-              TypeFactory.keyword("any"),
-              undefined,
-              decode_tuple_inline(project)(config)(importer)(
-                ts.factory.createIdentifier("input"),
-                tuple,
-                {
-                  tracable: config.trace,
-                  source: "function",
-                  from: "array",
-                  postfix: "",
-                },
-              ),
-            ),
-          ),
-        );
-
-  /* -----------------------------------------------------------
-        DECODERS
-    ----------------------------------------------------------- */
-  const decode =
-    (project: IProject) =>
-    (config: FeatureProgrammer.IConfig) =>
-    (importer: FunctionImporter) =>
-    (
-      input: ts.Expression,
-      meta: Metadata,
-      explore: FeatureProgrammer.IExplore,
-    ): ts.Expression => {
-      // ANY TYPE
-      if (meta.any === true)
-        return wrap_required(
-          input,
-          meta,
-          explore,
-        )(
-          wrap_functional(
-            input,
-            meta,
-            explore,
-          )(
-            ts.factory.createCallExpression(
-              ts.factory.createIdentifier("JSON.stringify"),
-              undefined,
-              [input],
-            ),
-          ),
-        );
-
-      // ONLY NULL OR UNDEFINED
-      const size: number = meta.size();
-      if (
-        size === 0 &&
-        (meta.isRequired() === false || meta.nullable === true)
-      ) {
-        if (meta.isRequired() === false && meta.nullable === true)
-          return explore.from === "array"
-            ? ts.factory.createStringLiteral("null")
-            : ts.factory.createConditionalExpression(
-                ts.factory.createStrictEquality(ts.factory.createNull(), input),
-                undefined,
-                ts.factory.createStringLiteral("null"),
-                undefined,
-                ts.factory.createIdentifier("undefined"),
-              );
-        else if (meta.isRequired() === false)
-          return explore.from === "array"
-            ? ts.factory.createStringLiteral("null")
-            : ts.factory.createIdentifier("undefined");
-        else return ts.factory.createStringLiteral("null");
-      }
-
-      //----
-      // LIST UP UNION TYPES
-      //----
-      const unions: IUnion[] = [];
-
-      // toJSON() METHOD
-      if (meta.escaped !== null)
-        unions.push({
-          type: "resolved",
-          is: () => IsProgrammer.decode_to_json(false)(input),
-          value: () =>
-            decode_to_json(project)(config)(importer)(
-              input,
-              meta.escaped!.returns,
-              explore,
-            ),
-        });
-      else if (meta.functional === true)
-        unions.push({
-          type: "functional",
-          is: () => IsProgrammer.decode_functional(input),
-          value: () => decode_functional(explore),
-        });
-
-      // TEMPLATES
-      if (
-        meta.templates.length ||
-        ArrayUtil.has(meta.constants, (c) => c.type === "string")
-      )
-        if (AtomicPredicator.template(meta)) {
-          const partial = Metadata.initialize();
-          partial.atomics.push(
-            MetadataAtomic.create({ type: "string", tags: [] }),
-          ),
-            unions.push({
-              type: "template literal",
-              is: () =>
-                IsProgrammer.decode(project)(importer)(input, partial, explore),
-              value: () =>
-                decode_atomic(project)(importer)(input, "string", explore),
-            });
-        }
-
-      // CONSTANTS
-      for (const constant of meta.constants)
-        if (AtomicPredicator.constant(meta)(constant.type) === false) continue;
-        else if (constant.type !== "string")
-          unions.push({
-            type: "atomic",
-            is: () =>
-              IsProgrammer.decode(project)(importer)(
-                input,
-                (() => {
-                  const partial = Metadata.initialize();
-                  partial.atomics.push(
-                    MetadataAtomic.create({
-                      type: constant.type,
-                      tags: [],
-                    }),
-                  );
-                  return partial;
-                })(),
-                explore,
-              ),
-            value: () =>
-              decode_atomic(project)(importer)(input, constant.type, explore),
-          });
-        else if (meta.templates.length === 0)
-          unions.push({
-            type: "const string",
-            is: () =>
-              IsProgrammer.decode(project)(importer)(
-                input,
-                (() => {
-                  const partial = Metadata.initialize();
-                  partial.atomics.push(
-                    MetadataAtomic.create({
-                      type: "string",
-                      tags: [],
-                    }),
-                  );
-                  return partial;
-                })(),
-                explore,
-              ),
-            value: () =>
-              decode_constant_string(project)(importer)(
-                input,
-                [...constant.values] as string[],
-                explore,
-              ),
-          });
-
-      /// ATOMICS
-      for (const a of meta.atomics)
-        if (AtomicPredicator.atomic(meta)(a.type))
-          unions.push({
-            type: "atomic",
-            is: () =>
-              IsProgrammer.decode(project)(importer)(
-                input,
-                (() => {
-                  const partial = Metadata.initialize();
-                  partial.atomics.push(a);
-                  return partial;
-                })(),
-                explore,
-              ),
-            value: () =>
-              decode_atomic(project)(importer)(input, a.type, explore),
-          });
-
-      // TUPLES
-      for (const tuple of meta.tuples)
-        unions.push({
-          type: "tuple",
-          is: () =>
-            IsProgrammer.decode(project)(importer)(
-              input,
-              (() => {
-                const partial = Metadata.initialize();
-                partial.tuples.push(tuple);
-                return partial;
-              })(),
-              explore,
-            ),
-          value: () =>
-            decode_tuple(project)(config)(importer)(input, tuple, explore),
-        });
-
-      // ARRAYS
-      if (meta.arrays.length) {
-        const value: () => ts.Expression =
-          meta.arrays.length === 1
-            ? () =>
-                decode_array(config)(importer)(input, meta.arrays[0]!, {
-                  ...explore,
-                  from: "array",
-                })
-            : meta.arrays.some((elem) => elem.type.value.any)
-            ? () =>
-                ts.factory.createCallExpression(
-                  ts.factory.createIdentifier("JSON.stringify"),
-                  undefined,
-                  [input],
-                )
-            : () =>
-                explore_arrays(project)(config)(importer)(input, meta.arrays, {
-                  ...explore,
-                  from: "array",
-                });
-
-        unions.push({
-          type: "array",
-          is: () => ExpressionFactory.isArray(input),
-          value,
-        });
-      }
-
-      // BUILT-IN CLASSES
-      if (meta.natives.length)
-        for (const native of meta.natives)
-          unions.push({
-            type: "object",
-            is: () => check_native(native)(input),
-            value: () =>
-              AtomicPredicator.native(native)
-                ? decode_atomic(project)(importer)(
-                    input,
-                    native.toLowerCase() as Atomic.Literal,
-                    explore,
-                  )
-                : ts.factory.createStringLiteral("{}"),
-          });
-
-      // SETS
-      if (meta.sets.length)
-        unions.push({
-          type: "object",
-          is: () => ExpressionFactory.isInstanceOf("Set")(input),
-          value: () => ts.factory.createStringLiteral("{}"),
-        });
-
-      // MAPS
-      if (meta.maps.length)
-        unions.push({
-          type: "object",
-          is: () => ExpressionFactory.isInstanceOf("Map")(input),
-          value: () => ts.factory.createStringLiteral("{}"),
-        });
-
-      // OBJECTS
-      if (meta.objects.length)
-        unions.push({
-          type: "object",
-          is: () =>
-            ExpressionFactory.isObject({
-              checkNull: true,
-              checkArray: meta.objects.some((obj) =>
-                obj.properties.every(
-                  (prop) =>
-                    !prop.key.isSoleLiteral() || !prop.value.isRequired(),
-                ),
-              ),
-            })(input),
-          value: () =>
-            meta.isParentResolved() === false &&
-            meta.objects.length === 1 &&
-            meta.objects[0]!._Is_simple(explore.from === "top" ? 0 : 1)
-              ? (() => {
-                  const obj: MetadataObject = meta.objects[0]!;
-                  const entries: IExpressionEntry<ts.Expression>[] =
-                    feature_object_entries({
-                      decoder: () => decode(project)(config)(importer),
-                      trace: false,
-                      path: false,
-                    })(importer)(obj)(
-                      ts.factory.createAsExpression(
-                        input,
-                        TypeFactory.keyword("any"),
-                      ),
-                    );
-                  return StringifyJoiner.object(importer)(
-                    ts.factory.createAsExpression(
-                      input,
-                      TypeFactory.keyword("any"),
-                    ),
-                    entries,
-                  );
-                })()
-              : explore_objects(config)(importer)(input, meta, {
-                  ...explore,
-                  from: "object",
-                }),
-        });
-
-      //----
-      // RETURNS
-      //----
-      // CHECK NULL AND UNDEFINED
-      const wrapper = (output: ts.Expression) =>
-        wrap_required(input, meta, explore)(wrap_nullable(input, meta)(output));
-
-      // DIRECT RETURN
-      if (unions.length === 0)
-        return ts.factory.createCallExpression(
-          ts.factory.createIdentifier("JSON.stringify"),
-          undefined,
-          [input],
-        );
-      else if (unions.length === 1) return wrapper(unions[0]!.value());
-
-      // RETURN WITH TYPE CHECKING
-      return wrapper(
-        ts.factory.createCallExpression(
-          ts.factory.createArrowFunction(
-            undefined,
-            undefined,
-            [],
-            undefined,
-            undefined,
-            iterate(importer, input, unions, meta.getName()),
-          ),
-          undefined,
-          undefined,
-        ),
-      );
-    };
-
-  const decode_object = (importer: FunctionImporter) =>
-    FeatureProgrammer.decode_object({
-      trace: false,
-      path: false,
-      prefix: PREFIX,
-    })(importer);
-
-  const decode_array =
-    (config: FeatureProgrammer.IConfig) =>
-    (importer: FunctionImporter) =>
-    (
-      input: ts.Expression,
-      array: MetadataArray,
-      explore: FeatureProgrammer.IExplore,
-    ) =>
-      array.type.recursive
-        ? ts.factory.createCallExpression(
-            ts.factory.createIdentifier(
-              importer.useLocal(`${config.prefix}a${array.type.index}`),
-            ),
-            undefined,
-            FeatureProgrammer.argumentsArray(config)({
-              ...explore,
-              source: "function",
-              from: "array",
-            })(input),
-          )
-        : decode_array_inline(config)(importer)(input, array, explore);
-
-  const decode_array_inline =
-    (config: FeatureProgrammer.IConfig) =>
-    (importer: FunctionImporter) =>
-    (
-      input: ts.Expression,
-      array: MetadataArray,
-      explore: FeatureProgrammer.IExplore,
-    ) =>
-      FeatureProgrammer.decode_array(config)(importer)(StringifyJoiner.array)(
-        input,
-        array,
-        explore,
-      );
-
-  const decode_tuple =
-    (project: IProject) =>
-    (config: FeatureProgrammer.IConfig) =>
-    (importer: FunctionImporter) =>
-    (
-      input: ts.Expression,
-      tuple: MetadataTuple,
-      explore: FeatureProgrammer.IExplore,
-    ): ts.Expression =>
-      tuple.type.recursive
-        ? ts.factory.createCallExpression(
-            ts.factory.createIdentifier(
-              importer.useLocal(`${config.prefix}t${tuple.type.index}`),
-            ),
-            undefined,
-            FeatureProgrammer.argumentsArray(config)({
-              ...explore,
-              source: "function",
-            })(input),
-          )
-        : decode_tuple_inline(project)(config)(importer)(
-            input,
-            tuple.type,
-            explore,
-          );
-
-  const decode_tuple_inline =
-    (project: IProject) =>
-    (config: FeatureProgrammer.IConfig) =>
-    (importer: FunctionImporter) =>
-    (
-      input: ts.Expression,
-      tuple: MetadataTupleType,
-      explore: FeatureProgrammer.IExplore,
-    ): ts.Expression => {
-      const children: ts.Expression[] = tuple.elements
-        .filter((elem) => elem.rest === null)
-        .map((elem, index) =>
-          decode(project)(config)(importer)(
-            ts.factory.createElementAccessExpression(input, index),
-            elem,
-            {
-              ...explore,
-              from: "array",
-              postfix: explore.postfix.length
-                ? `${explore.postfix.slice(0, -1)}[${index}]"`
-                : `"[${index}]"`,
-            },
-          ),
-        );
-      const rest = (() => {
-        if (tuple.elements.length === 0) return null;
-        const last = tuple.elements.at(-1)!;
-        if (last.rest === null) return null;
-
-        const code = decode(project)(config)(importer)(
-          ts.factory.createCallExpression(
-            IdentifierFactory.access(input)("slice"),
-            undefined,
-            [ExpressionFactory.number(tuple.elements.length - 1)],
-          ),
-          wrap_metadata_rest_tuple(tuple.elements.at(-1)!.rest!),
-          {
-            ...explore,
-            start: tuple.elements.length - 1,
-          },
-        );
-        return ts.factory.createCallExpression(
-          importer.use("rest"),
-          undefined,
-          [code],
-        );
-      })();
-      return StringifyJoiner.tuple(children, rest);
-    };
-
-  const decode_atomic =
-    (project: IProject) =>
-    (importer: FunctionImporter) =>
-    (
-      input: ts.Expression,
-      type: string,
-      explore: FeatureProgrammer.IExplore,
-    ) => {
-      if (type === "string")
-        return ts.factory.createCallExpression(
-          importer.use("string"),
-          undefined,
-          [input],
-        );
-      else if (type === "number" && OptionPredicator.numeric(project.options))
-        input = ts.factory.createCallExpression(
-          importer.use("number"),
-          undefined,
-          [input],
-        );
-
-      return explore.from !== "top"
-        ? input
-        : ts.factory.createCallExpression(
-            IdentifierFactory.access(input)("toString"),
-            undefined,
-            undefined,
-          );
-    };
-
-  const decode_constant_string =
-    (project: IProject) =>
-    (importer: FunctionImporter) =>
-    (
-      input: ts.Expression,
-      values: string[],
-      explore: FeatureProgrammer.IExplore,
-    ): ts.Expression => {
-      if (values.every((v) => !StringifyPredicator.require_escape(v)))
-        return [
-          ts.factory.createStringLiteral('"'),
-          input,
-          ts.factory.createStringLiteral('"'),
-        ].reduce((x, y) => ts.factory.createAdd(x, y));
-      else return decode_atomic(project)(importer)(input, "string", explore);
-    };
-
-  const decode_to_json =
-    (project: IProject) =>
-    (config: FeatureProgrammer.IConfig) =>
-    (importer: FunctionImporter) =>
-    (
-      input: ts.Expression,
-      resolved: Metadata,
-      explore: FeatureProgrammer.IExplore,
-    ): ts.Expression => {
-      return decode(project)(config)(importer)(
-        ts.factory.createCallExpression(
-          IdentifierFactory.access(input)("toJSON"),
-          undefined,
-          [],
-        ),
-        resolved,
-        explore,
-      );
-    };
-
-  const decode_functional = (explore: FeatureProgrammer.IExplore) =>
-    explore.from === "array"
-      ? ts.factory.createStringLiteral("null")
-      : ts.factory.createIdentifier("undefined");
-
-  /* -----------------------------------------------------------
-        EXPLORERS
-    ----------------------------------------------------------- */
-  const explore_objects =
-    (config: FeatureProgrammer.IConfig) =>
-    (importer: FunctionImporter) =>
-    (
-      input: ts.Expression,
-      meta: Metadata,
-      explore: FeatureProgrammer.IExplore,
-    ) =>
-      meta.objects.length === 1
-        ? decode_object(importer)(input, meta.objects[0]!, explore)
-        : ts.factory.createCallExpression(
-            ts.factory.createIdentifier(
-              importer.useLocal(`${PREFIX}u${meta.union_index!}`),
-            ),
-            undefined,
-            FeatureProgrammer.argumentsArray(config)(explore)(input),
-          );
-
-  const explore_arrays =
-    (project: IProject) =>
-    (config: FeatureProgrammer.IConfig) =>
-    (importer: FunctionImporter) =>
-    (
-      input: ts.Expression,
-      elements: MetadataArray[],
-      explore: FeatureProgrammer.IExplore,
-    ): ts.Expression =>
-      explore_array_like_union_types(config)(importer)(
-        UnionExplorer.array({
-          checker: IsProgrammer.decode(project)(importer),
-          decoder: decode_array(config)(importer),
-          empty: ts.factory.createStringLiteral("[]"),
-          success: ts.factory.createTrue(),
-          failure: (input, expected) =>
-            create_throw_error(importer)(expected)(input),
-        }),
-      )(input, elements, explore);
-
-  const explore_array_like_union_types =
-    (config: FeatureProgrammer.IConfig) =>
-    (importer: FunctionImporter) =>
-    <T extends MetadataArray | MetadataTuple>(
-      factory: (
-        parameters: ts.ParameterDeclaration[],
-      ) => (
-        input: ts.Expression,
-        elements: T[],
-        explore: FeatureProgrammer.IExplore,
-      ) => ts.ArrowFunction,
-    ) =>
-    (
-      input: ts.Expression,
-      elements: T[],
-      explore: FeatureProgrammer.IExplore,
-    ): ts.Expression => {
-      const arrow =
-        (parameters: ts.ParameterDeclaration[]) =>
-        (explore: FeatureProgrammer.IExplore) =>
-        (input: ts.Expression): ts.ArrowFunction =>
-          factory(parameters)(input, elements, explore);
-      if (elements.every((e) => e.type.recursive === false))
-        ts.factory.createCallExpression(
-          arrow([])(explore)(input),
-          undefined,
-          [],
-        );
-
-      explore = {
-        ...explore,
-        source: "function",
-        from: "array",
-      };
-      return ts.factory.createCallExpression(
-        ts.factory.createIdentifier(
-          importer.emplaceUnion(
-            config.prefix,
-            elements.map((e) => e.type.name).join(" | "),
-            () =>
-              arrow(
-                FeatureProgrammer.parameterDeclarations(config)(
-                  TypeFactory.keyword("any"),
-                )(ts.factory.createIdentifier("input")),
-              )({
-                ...explore,
-                postfix: "",
-              })(ts.factory.createIdentifier("input")),
-          ),
-        ),
-        undefined,
-        FeatureProgrammer.argumentsArray(config)(explore)(input),
-      );
-    };
-
-  /* -----------------------------------------------------------
-        RETURN SCRIPTS
-    ----------------------------------------------------------- */
-  const wrap_required = (
-    input: ts.Expression,
-    meta: Metadata,
-    explore: FeatureProgrammer.IExplore,
-  ): ((expression: ts.Expression) => ts.Expression) => {
-    if (meta.isRequired() === true && meta.any === false)
-      return (expression) => expression;
-    return (expression) =>
-      ts.factory.createConditionalExpression(
-        ts.factory.createStrictInequality(
-          ts.factory.createIdentifier("undefined"),
-          input,
-        ),
-        undefined,
-        expression,
-        undefined,
-        explore.from === "array"
-          ? ts.factory.createStringLiteral("null")
-          : ts.factory.createIdentifier("undefined"),
-      );
-  };
-
-  const wrap_nullable = (
-    input: ts.Expression,
-    meta: Metadata,
-  ): ((expression: ts.Expression) => ts.Expression) => {
-    if (meta.nullable === false) return (expression) => expression;
-    return (expression) =>
-      ts.factory.createConditionalExpression(
-        ts.factory.createStrictInequality(ts.factory.createNull(), input),
-        undefined,
-        expression,
-        undefined,
-        ts.factory.createStringLiteral("null"),
-      );
-  };
-
-  const wrap_functional = (
-    input: ts.Expression,
-    meta: Metadata,
-    explore: FeatureProgrammer.IExplore,
-  ): ((expression: ts.Expression) => ts.Expression) => {
-    if (meta.functional === false) return (expression) => expression;
-    return (expression) =>
-      ts.factory.createConditionalExpression(
-        ts.factory.createStrictInequality(
-          ts.factory.createStringLiteral("function"),
-          ValueFactory.TYPEOF(input),
-        ),
-        undefined,
-        expression,
-        undefined,
-        decode_functional(explore),
-      );
-  };
-
-  const iterate = (
-    importer: FunctionImporter,
-    input: ts.Expression,
-    unions: IUnion[],
-    expected: string,
-  ) =>
-    ts.factory.createBlock(
-      [
-        ...unions.map((u) =>
-          ts.factory.createIfStatement(
-            u.is(),
-            ts.factory.createReturnStatement(u.value()),
-          ),
-        ),
-        create_throw_error(importer)(expected)(input),
-      ],
-      true,
-    );
-
-  /* -----------------------------------------------------------
-        CONFIGURATIONS
-    ----------------------------------------------------------- */
-  const PREFIX = "$s";
-
-  const configure =
-    (project: IProject) =>
-    (importer: FunctionImporter): FeatureProgrammer.IConfig => {
-      const config: FeatureProgrammer.IConfig = {
-        types: {
-          input: (type, name) =>
-            ts.factory.createTypeReferenceNode(
-              name ?? TypeFactory.getFullName(project.checker)(type),
-            ),
-          output: () => TypeFactory.keyword("string"),
-        },
-        prefix: PREFIX,
-        trace: false,
-        path: false,
-        initializer,
-        decoder: () => decode(project)(config)(importer),
-        objector: {
-          checker: () => (input, meta, explore) =>
-            IsProgrammer.decode(project)(importer)(input, meta, explore),
-          decoder: () => decode_object(importer),
-          joiner: StringifyJoiner.object(importer),
-          unionizer: decode_union_object(
-            IsProgrammer.decode_object(project)(importer),
-          )(decode_object(importer))((exp) => exp)((value, expected) =>
-            create_throw_error(importer)(expected)(value),
-          ),
-          failure: (input, expected) =>
-            create_throw_error(importer)(expected)(input),
-        },
-        generator: {
-          arrays: () => write_array_functions(config)(importer),
-          tuples: () => write_tuple_functions(project)(config)(importer),
-        },
-      };
-      return config;
-    };
-
-  const initializer: FeatureProgrammer.IConfig["initializer"] =
-    (project) => (importer) => (type) =>
-      JsonMetadataFactory.analyze(`typia.json.${importer.method}`)(
-        project.checker,
-        project.context,
-      )(type);
-
-  const create_throw_error =
-    (importer: FunctionImporter) =>
-    (expected: string) =>
-    (value: ts.Expression) =>
-      ts.factory.createExpressionStatement(
-        ts.factory.createCallExpression(
-          importer.use("throws"),
-          [],
-          [
-            ts.factory.createObjectLiteralExpression(
-              [
-                ts.factory.createPropertyAssignment(
-                  "expected",
-                  ts.factory.createStringLiteral(expected),
-                ),
-                ts.factory.createPropertyAssignment("value", value),
-              ],
-              true,
-            ),
-          ],
-        ),
-      );
-}
-
-interface IUnion {
-  type: string;
-  is: () => ts.Expression;
-  value: () => ts.Expression;
-}
+import ts from "typescript";
+
+import { ExpressionFactory } from "../../factories/ExpressionFactory";
+import { IdentifierFactory } from "../../factories/IdentifierFactory";
+import { JsonMetadataFactory } from "../../factories/JsonMetadataFactory";
+import { MetadataCollection } from "../../factories/MetadataCollection";
+import { StatementFactory } from "../../factories/StatementFactory";
+import { TypeFactory } from "../../factories/TypeFactory";
+import { ValueFactory } from "../../factories/ValueFactory";
+
+import { Metadata } from "../../schemas/metadata/Metadata";
+import { MetadataArray } from "../../schemas/metadata/MetadataArray";
+import { MetadataAtomic } from "../../schemas/metadata/MetadataAtomic";
+import { MetadataObject } from "../../schemas/metadata/MetadataObject";
+import { MetadataTuple } from "../../schemas/metadata/MetadataTuple";
+import { MetadataTupleType } from "../../schemas/metadata/MetadataTupleType";
+
+import { IProject } from "../../transformers/IProject";
+
+import { Atomic } from "../../typings/Atomic";
+
+import { ArrayUtil } from "../../utils/ArrayUtil";
+
+import { FeatureProgrammer } from "../FeatureProgrammer";
+import { IsProgrammer } from "../IsProgrammer";
+import { AtomicPredicator } from "../helpers/AtomicPredicator";
+import { FunctionImporter } from "../helpers/FunctionImporeter";
+import { IExpressionEntry } from "../helpers/IExpressionEntry";
+import { OptionPredicator } from "../helpers/OptionPredicator";
+import { StringifyJoiner } from "../helpers/StringifyJoinder";
+import { StringifyPredicator } from "../helpers/StringifyPredicator";
+import { UnionExplorer } from "../helpers/UnionExplorer";
+import { check_native } from "../internal/check_native";
+import { decode_union_object } from "../internal/decode_union_object";
+import { feature_object_entries } from "../internal/feature_object_entries";
+import { wrap_metadata_rest_tuple } from "../internal/wrap_metadata_rest_tuple";
+
+export namespace JsonStringifyProgrammer {
+  /* -----------------------------------------------------------
+        WRITER
+    ----------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+  export const write =
+    (project: IProject) => (modulo: ts.LeftHandSideExpression) => {
+      const importer: FunctionImporter = new FunctionImporter(modulo.getText());
+      const config: FeatureProgrammer.IConfig = configure(project)(importer);
+
+      return FeatureProgrammer.write(project)({
+        ...config,
+        addition: (collection) => [
+          ...IsProgrammer.write_function_statements(project)(importer)(
+            collection,
+          ),
+          ...importer.declare(modulo),
+        ],
+      })(importer);
+    };
+
+  const write_array_functions =
+    (config: FeatureProgrammer.IConfig) =>
+    (importer: FunctionImporter) =>
+    (collection: MetadataCollection): ts.VariableStatement[] =>
+      collection
+        .arrays()
+        .filter((a) => a.recursive)
+        .map((type, i) =>
+          StatementFactory.constant(
+            `${config.prefix}a${i}`,
+            ts.factory.createArrowFunction(
+              undefined,
+              undefined,
+              FeatureProgrammer.parameterDeclarations(config)(
+                TypeFactory.keyword("any"),
+              )(ts.factory.createIdentifier("input")),
+              TypeFactory.keyword("any"),
+              undefined,
+              decode_array_inline(config)(importer)(
+                ts.factory.createIdentifier("input"),
+                MetadataArray.create({
+                  type,
+                  tags: [],
+                }),
+                {
+                  tracable: config.trace,
+                  source: "function",
+                  from: "array",
+                  postfix: "",
+                },
+              ),
+            ),
+          ),
+        );
+
+  const write_tuple_functions =
+    (project: IProject) =>
+    (config: FeatureProgrammer.IConfig) =>
+    (importer: FunctionImporter) =>
+    (collection: MetadataCollection): ts.VariableStatement[] =>
+      collection
+        .tuples()
+        .filter((t) => t.recursive)
+        .map((tuple, i) =>
+          StatementFactory.constant(
+            `${config.prefix}t${i}`,
+            ts.factory.createArrowFunction(
+              undefined,
+              undefined,
+              FeatureProgrammer.parameterDeclarations(config)(
+                TypeFactory.keyword("any"),
+              )(ts.factory.createIdentifier("input")),
+              TypeFactory.keyword("any"),
+              undefined,
+              decode_tuple_inline(project)(config)(importer)(
+                ts.factory.createIdentifier("input"),
+                tuple,
+                {
+                  tracable: config.trace,
+                  source: "function",
+                  from: "array",
+                  postfix: "",
+                },
+              ),
+            ),
+          ),
+        );
+
+  /* -----------------------------------------------------------
+        DECODERS
+    ----------------------------------------------------------- */
+  const decode =
+    (project: IProject) =>
+    (config: FeatureProgrammer.IConfig) =>
+    (importer: FunctionImporter) =>
+    (
+      input: ts.Expression,
+      meta: Metadata,
+      explore: FeatureProgrammer.IExplore,
+    ): ts.Expression => {
+      // ANY TYPE
+      if (meta.any === true)
+        return wrap_required(
+          input,
+          meta,
+          explore,
+        )(
+          wrap_functional(
+            input,
+            meta,
+            explore,
+          )(
+            ts.factory.createCallExpression(
+              ts.factory.createIdentifier("JSON.stringify"),
+              undefined,
+              [input],
+            ),
+          ),
+        );
+
+      // ONLY NULL OR UNDEFINED
+      const size: number = meta.size();
+      if (
+        size === 0 &&
+        (meta.isRequired() === false || meta.nullable === true)
+      ) {
+        if (meta.isRequired() === false && meta.nullable === true)
+          return explore.from === "array"
+            ? ts.factory.createStringLiteral("null")
+            : ts.factory.createConditionalExpression(
+                ts.factory.createStrictEquality(ts.factory.createNull(), input),
+                undefined,
+                ts.factory.createStringLiteral("null"),
+                undefined,
+                ts.factory.createIdentifier("undefined"),
+              );
+        else if (meta.isRequired() === false)
+          return explore.from === "array"
+            ? ts.factory.createStringLiteral("null")
+            : ts.factory.createIdentifier("undefined");
+        else return ts.factory.createStringLiteral("null");
+      }
+
+      //----
+      // LIST UP UNION TYPES
+      //----
+      const unions: IUnion[] = [];
+
+      // toJSON() METHOD
+      if (meta.escaped !== null)
+        unions.push({
+          type: "resolved",
+          is: () => IsProgrammer.decode_to_json(false)(input),
+          value: () =>
+            decode_to_json(project)(config)(importer)(
+              input,
+              meta.escaped!.returns,
+              explore,
+            ),
+        });
+      else if (meta.functional === true)
+        unions.push({
+          type: "functional",
+          is: () => IsProgrammer.decode_functional(input),
+          value: () => decode_functional(explore),
+        });
+
+      // TEMPLATES
+      if (
+        meta.templates.length ||
+        ArrayUtil.has(meta.constants, (c) => c.type === "string")
+      )
+        if (AtomicPredicator.template(meta)) {
+          const partial = Metadata.initialize();
+          partial.atomics.push(
+            MetadataAtomic.create({ type: "string", tags: [] }),
+          ),
+            unions.push({
+              type: "template literal",
+              is: () =>
+                IsProgrammer.decode(project)(importer)(input, partial, explore),
+              value: () =>
+                decode_atomic(project)(importer)(input, "string", explore),
+            });
+        }
+
+      // CONSTANTS
+      for (const constant of meta.constants)
+        if (AtomicPredicator.constant(meta)(constant.type) === false) continue;
+        else if (constant.type !== "string")
+          unions.push({
+            type: "atomic",
+            is: () =>
+              IsProgrammer.decode(project)(importer)(
+                input,
+                (() => {
+                  const partial = Metadata.initialize();
+                  partial.atomics.push(
+                    MetadataAtomic.create({
+                      type: constant.type,
+                      tags: [],
+                    }),
+                  );
+                  return partial;
+                })(),
+                explore,
+              ),
+            value: () =>
+              decode_atomic(project)(importer)(input, constant.type, explore),
+          });
+        else if (meta.templates.length === 0)
+          unions.push({
+            type: "const string",
+            is: () =>
+              IsProgrammer.decode(project)(importer)(
+                input,
+                (() => {
+                  const partial = Metadata.initialize();
+                  partial.atomics.push(
+                    MetadataAtomic.create({
+                      type: "string",
+                      tags: [],
+                    }),
+                  );
+                  return partial;
+                })(),
+                explore,
+              ),
+            value: () =>
+              decode_constant_string(project)(importer)(
+                input,
+                [...constant.values] as string[],
+                explore,
+              ),
+          });
+
+      /// ATOMICS
+      for (const a of meta.atomics)
+        if (AtomicPredicator.atomic(meta)(a.type))
+          unions.push({
+            type: "atomic",
+            is: () =>
+              IsProgrammer.decode(project)(importer)(
+                input,
+                (() => {
+                  const partial = Metadata.initialize();
+                  partial.atomics.push(a);
+                  return partial;
+                })(),
+                explore,
+              ),
+            value: () =>
+              decode_atomic(project)(importer)(input, a.type, explore),
+          });
+
+      // TUPLES
+      for (const tuple of meta.tuples)
+        unions.push({
+          type: "tuple",
+          is: () =>
+            IsProgrammer.decode(project)(importer)(
+              input,
+              (() => {
+                const partial = Metadata.initialize();
+                partial.tuples.push(tuple);
+                return partial;
+              })(),
+              explore,
+            ),
+          value: () =>
+            decode_tuple(project)(config)(importer)(input, tuple, explore),
+        });
+
+      // ARRAYS
+      if (meta.arrays.length) {
+        const value: () => ts.Expression =
+          meta.arrays.length === 1
+            ? () =>
+                decode_array(config)(importer)(input, meta.arrays[0]!, {
+                  ...explore,
+                  from: "array",
+                })
+            : meta.arrays.some((elem) => elem.type.value.any)
+            ? () =>
+                ts.factory.createCallExpression(
+                  ts.factory.createIdentifier("JSON.stringify"),
+                  undefined,
+                  [input],
+                )
+            : () =>
+                explore_arrays(project)(config)(importer)(input, meta.arrays, {
+                  ...explore,
+                  from: "array",
+                });
+
+        unions.push({
+          type: "array",
+          is: () => ExpressionFactory.isArray(input),
+          value,
+        });
+      }
+
+      // BUILT-IN CLASSES
+      if (meta.natives.length)
+        for (const native of meta.natives)
+          unions.push({
+            type: "object",
+            is: () => check_native(native)(input),
+            value: () =>
+              AtomicPredicator.native(native)
+                ? decode_atomic(project)(importer)(
+                    input,
+                    native.toLowerCase() as Atomic.Literal,
+                    explore,
+                  )
+                : ts.factory.createStringLiteral("{}"),
+          });
+
+      // SETS
+      if (meta.sets.length)
+        unions.push({
+          type: "object",
+          is: () => ExpressionFactory.isInstanceOf("Set")(input),
+          value: () => ts.factory.createStringLiteral("{}"),
+        });
+
+      // MAPS
+      if (meta.maps.length)
+        unions.push({
+          type: "object",
+          is: () => ExpressionFactory.isInstanceOf("Map")(input),
+          value: () => ts.factory.createStringLiteral("{}"),
+        });
+
+      // OBJECTS
+      if (meta.objects.length)
+        unions.push({
+          type: "object",
+          is: () =>
+            ExpressionFactory.isObject({
+              checkNull: true,
+              checkArray: meta.objects.some((obj) =>
+                obj.properties.every(
+                  (prop) =>
+                    !prop.key.isSoleLiteral() || !prop.value.isRequired(),
+                ),
+              ),
+            })(input),
+          value: () =>
+            meta.isParentResolved() === false &&
+            meta.objects.length === 1 &&
+            meta.objects[0]!._Is_simple(explore.from === "top" ? 0 : 1)
+              ? (() => {
+                  const obj: MetadataObject = meta.objects[0]!;
+                  const entries: IExpressionEntry<ts.Expression>[] =
+                    feature_object_entries({
+                      decoder: () => decode(project)(config)(importer),
+                      trace: false,
+                      path: false,
+                    })(importer)(obj)(
+                      ts.factory.createAsExpression(
+                        input,
+                        TypeFactory.keyword("any"),
+                      ),
+                    );
+                  return StringifyJoiner.object(importer)(
+                    ts.factory.createAsExpression(
+                      input,
+                      TypeFactory.keyword("any"),
+                    ),
+                    entries,
+                  );
+                })()
+              : explore_objects(config)(importer)(input, meta, {
+                  ...explore,
+                  from: "object",
+                }),
+        });
+
+      //----
+      // RETURNS
+      //----
+      // CHECK NULL AND UNDEFINED
+      const wrapper = (output: ts.Expression) =>
+        wrap_required(input, meta, explore)(wrap_nullable(input, meta)(output));
+
+      // DIRECT RETURN
+      if (unions.length === 0)
+        return ts.factory.createCallExpression(
+          ts.factory.createIdentifier("JSON.stringify"),
+          undefined,
+          [input],
+        );
+      else if (unions.length === 1) return wrapper(unions[0]!.value());
+
+      // RETURN WITH TYPE CHECKING
+      return wrapper(
+        ts.factory.createCallExpression(
+          ts.factory.createArrowFunction(
+            undefined,
+            undefined,
+            [],
+            undefined,
+            undefined,
+            iterate(importer, input, unions, meta.getName()),
+          ),
+          undefined,
+          undefined,
+        ),
+      );
+    };
+
+  const decode_object = (importer: FunctionImporter) =>
+    FeatureProgrammer.decode_object({
+      trace: false,
+      path: false,
+      prefix: PREFIX,
+    })(importer);
+
+  const decode_array =
+    (config: FeatureProgrammer.IConfig) =>
+    (importer: FunctionImporter) =>
+    (
+      input: ts.Expression,
+      array: MetadataArray,
+      explore: FeatureProgrammer.IExplore,
+    ) =>
+      array.type.recursive
+        ? ts.factory.createCallExpression(
+            ts.factory.createIdentifier(
+              importer.useLocal(`${config.prefix}a${array.type.index}`),
+            ),
+            undefined,
+            FeatureProgrammer.argumentsArray(config)({
+              ...explore,
+              source: "function",
+              from: "array",
+            })(input),
+          )
+        : decode_array_inline(config)(importer)(input, array, explore);
+
+  const decode_array_inline =
+    (config: FeatureProgrammer.IConfig) =>
+    (importer: FunctionImporter) =>
+    (
+      input: ts.Expression,
+      array: MetadataArray,
+      explore: FeatureProgrammer.IExplore,
+    ) =>
+      FeatureProgrammer.decode_array(config)(importer)(StringifyJoiner.array)(
+        input,
+        array,
+        explore,
+      );
+
+  const decode_tuple =
+    (project: IProject) =>
+    (config: FeatureProgrammer.IConfig) =>
+    (importer: FunctionImporter) =>
+    (
+      input: ts.Expression,
+      tuple: MetadataTuple,
+      explore: FeatureProgrammer.IExplore,
+    ): ts.Expression =>
+      tuple.type.recursive
+        ? ts.factory.createCallExpression(
+            ts.factory.createIdentifier(
+              importer.useLocal(`${config.prefix}t${tuple.type.index}`),
+            ),
+            undefined,
+            FeatureProgrammer.argumentsArray(config)({
+              ...explore,
+              source: "function",
+            })(input),
+          )
+        : decode_tuple_inline(project)(config)(importer)(
+            input,
+            tuple.type,
+            explore,
+          );
+
+  const decode_tuple_inline =
+    (project: IProject) =>
+    (config: FeatureProgrammer.IConfig) =>
+    (importer: FunctionImporter) =>
+    (
+      input: ts.Expression,
+      tuple: MetadataTupleType,
+      explore: FeatureProgrammer.IExplore,
+    ): ts.Expression => {
+      const children: ts.Expression[] = tuple.elements
+        .filter((elem) => elem.rest === null)
+        .map((elem, index) =>
+          decode(project)(config)(importer)(
+            ts.factory.createElementAccessExpression(input, index),
+            elem,
+            {
+              ...explore,
+              from: "array",
+              postfix: explore.postfix.length
+                ? `${explore.postfix.slice(0, -1)}[${index}]"`
+                : `"[${index}]"`,
+            },
+          ),
+        );
+      const rest = (() => {
+        if (tuple.elements.length === 0) return null;
+        const last = tuple.elements.at(-1)!;
+        if (last.rest === null) return null;
+
+        const code = decode(project)(config)(importer)(
+          ts.factory.createCallExpression(
+            IdentifierFactory.access(input)("slice"),
+            undefined,
+            [ExpressionFactory.number(tuple.elements.length - 1)],
+          ),
+          wrap_metadata_rest_tuple(tuple.elements.at(-1)!.rest!),
+          {
+            ...explore,
+            start: tuple.elements.length - 1,
+          },
+        );
+        return ts.factory.createCallExpression(
+          importer.use("rest"),
+          undefined,
+          [code],
+        );
+      })();
+      return StringifyJoiner.tuple(children, rest);
+    };
+
+  const decode_atomic =
+    (project: IProject) =>
+    (importer: FunctionImporter) =>
+    (
+      input: ts.Expression,
+      type: string,
+      explore: FeatureProgrammer.IExplore,
+    ) => {
+      if (type === "string")
+        return ts.factory.createCallExpression(
+          importer.use("string"),
+          undefined,
+          [input],
+        );
+      else if (type === "number" && OptionPredicator.numeric(project.options))
+        input = ts.factory.createCallExpression(
+          importer.use("number"),
+          undefined,
+          [input],
+        );
+
+      return explore.from !== "top"
+        ? input
+        : ts.factory.createCallExpression(
+            IdentifierFactory.access(input)("toString"),
+            undefined,
+            undefined,
+          );
+    };
+
+  const decode_constant_string =
+    (project: IProject) =>
+    (importer: FunctionImporter) =>
+    (
+      input: ts.Expression,
+      values: string[],
+      explore: FeatureProgrammer.IExplore,
+    ): ts.Expression => {
+      if (values.every((v) => !StringifyPredicator.require_escape(v)))
+        return [
+          ts.factory.createStringLiteral('"'),
+          input,
+          ts.factory.createStringLiteral('"'),
+        ].reduce((x, y) => ts.factory.createAdd(x, y));
+      else return decode_atomic(project)(importer)(input, "string", explore);
+    };
+
+  const decode_to_json =
+    (project: IProject) =>
+    (config: FeatureProgrammer.IConfig) =>
+    (importer: FunctionImporter) =>
+    (
+      input: ts.Expression,
+      resolved: Metadata,
+      explore: FeatureProgrammer.IExplore,
+    ): ts.Expression => {
+      return decode(project)(config)(importer)(
+        ts.factory.createCallExpression(
+          IdentifierFactory.access(input)("toJSON"),
+          undefined,
+          [],
+        ),
+        resolved,
+        explore,
+      );
+    };
+
+  const decode_functional = (explore: FeatureProgrammer.IExplore) =>
+    explore.from === "array"
+      ? ts.factory.createStringLiteral("null")
+      : ts.factory.createIdentifier("undefined");
+
+  /* -----------------------------------------------------------
+        EXPLORERS
+    ----------------------------------------------------------- */
+  const explore_objects =
+    (config: FeatureProgrammer.IConfig) =>
+    (importer: FunctionImporter) =>
+    (
+      input: ts.Expression,
+      meta: Metadata,
+      explore: FeatureProgrammer.IExplore,
+    ) =>
+      meta.objects.length === 1
+        ? decode_object(importer)(input, meta.objects[0]!, explore)
+        : ts.factory.createCallExpression(
+            ts.factory.createIdentifier(
+              importer.useLocal(`${PREFIX}u${meta.union_index!}`),
+            ),
+            undefined,
+            FeatureProgrammer.argumentsArray(config)(explore)(input),
+          );
+
+  const explore_arrays =
+    (project: IProject) =>
+    (config: FeatureProgrammer.IConfig) =>
+    (importer: FunctionImporter) =>
+    (
+      input: ts.Expression,
+      elements: MetadataArray[],
+      explore: FeatureProgrammer.IExplore,
+    ): ts.Expression =>
+      explore_array_like_union_types(config)(importer)(
+        UnionExplorer.array({
+          checker: IsProgrammer.decode(project)(importer),
+          decoder: decode_array(config)(importer),
+          empty: ts.factory.createStringLiteral("[]"),
+          success: ts.factory.createTrue(),
+          failure: (input, expected) =>
+            create_throw_error(importer)(expected)(input),
+        }),
+      )(input, elements, explore);
+
+  const explore_array_like_union_types =
+    (config: FeatureProgrammer.IConfig) =>
+    (importer: FunctionImporter) =>
+    <T extends MetadataArray | MetadataTuple>(
+      factory: (
+        parameters: ts.ParameterDeclaration[],
+      ) => (
+        input: ts.Expression,
+        elements: T[],
+        explore: FeatureProgrammer.IExplore,
+      ) => ts.ArrowFunction,
+    ) =>
+    (
+      input: ts.Expression,
+      elements: T[],
+      explore: FeatureProgrammer.IExplore,
+    ): ts.Expression => {
+      const arrow =
+        (parameters: ts.ParameterDeclaration[]) =>
+        (explore: FeatureProgrammer.IExplore) =>
+        (input: ts.Expression): ts.ArrowFunction =>
+          factory(parameters)(input, elements, explore);
+      if (elements.every((e) => e.type.recursive === false))
+        ts.factory.createCallExpression(
+          arrow([])(explore)(input),
+          undefined,
+          [],
+        );
+
+      explore = {
+        ...explore,
+        source: "function",
+        from: "array",
+      };
+      return ts.factory.createCallExpression(
+        ts.factory.createIdentifier(
+          importer.emplaceUnion(
+            config.prefix,
+            elements.map((e) => e.type.name).join(" | "),
+            () =>
+              arrow(
+                FeatureProgrammer.parameterDeclarations(config)(
+                  TypeFactory.keyword("any"),
+                )(ts.factory.createIdentifier("input")),
+              )({
+                ...explore,
+                postfix: "",
+              })(ts.factory.createIdentifier("input")),
+          ),
+        ),
+        undefined,
+        FeatureProgrammer.argumentsArray(config)(explore)(input),
+      );
+    };
+
+  /* -----------------------------------------------------------
+        RETURN SCRIPTS
+    ----------------------------------------------------------- */
+  const wrap_required = (
+    input: ts.Expression,
+    meta: Metadata,
+    explore: FeatureProgrammer.IExplore,
+  ): ((expression: ts.Expression) => ts.Expression) => {
+    if (meta.isRequired() === true && meta.any === false)
+      return (expression) => expression;
+    return (expression) =>
+      ts.factory.createConditionalExpression(
+        ts.factory.createStrictInequality(
+          ts.factory.createIdentifier("undefined"),
+          input,
+        ),
+        undefined,
+        expression,
+        undefined,
+        explore.from === "array"
+          ? ts.factory.createStringLiteral("null")
+          : ts.factory.createIdentifier("undefined"),
+      );
+  };
+
+  const wrap_nullable = (
+    input: ts.Expression,
+    meta: Metadata,
+  ): ((expression: ts.Expression) => ts.Expression) => {
+    if (meta.nullable === false) return (expression) => expression;
+    return (expression) =>
+      ts.factory.createConditionalExpression(
+        ts.factory.createStrictInequality(ts.factory.createNull(), input),
+        undefined,
+        expression,
+        undefined,
+        ts.factory.createStringLiteral("null"),
+      );
+  };
+
+  const wrap_functional = (
+    input: ts.Expression,
+    meta: Metadata,
+    explore: FeatureProgrammer.IExplore,
+  ): ((expression: ts.Expression) => ts.Expression) => {
+    if (meta.functional === false) return (expression) => expression;
+    return (expression) =>
+      ts.factory.createConditionalExpression(
+        ts.factory.createStrictInequality(
+          ts.factory.createStringLiteral("function"),
+          ValueFactory.TYPEOF(input),
+        ),
+        undefined,
+        expression,
+        undefined,
+        decode_functional(explore),
+      );
+  };
+
+  const iterate = (
+    importer: FunctionImporter,
+    input: ts.Expression,
+    unions: IUnion[],
+    expected: string,
+  ) =>
+    ts.factory.createBlock(
+      [
+        ...unions.map((u) =>
+          ts.factory.createIfStatement(
+            u.is(),
+            ts.factory.createReturnStatement(u.value()),
+          ),
+        ),
+        create_throw_error(importer)(expected)(input),
+      ],
+      true,
+    );
+
+  /* -----------------------------------------------------------
+        CONFIGURATIONS
+    ----------------------------------------------------------- */
+  const PREFIX = "$s";
+
+  const configure =
+    (project: IProject) =>
+    (importer: FunctionImporter): FeatureProgrammer.IConfig => {
+      const config: FeatureProgrammer.IConfig = {
+        types: {
+          input: (type, name) =>
+            ts.factory.createTypeReferenceNode(
+              name ?? TypeFactory.getFullName(project.checker)(type),
+            ),
+          output: () => TypeFactory.keyword("string"),
+        },
+        prefix: PREFIX,
+        trace: false,
+        path: false,
+        initializer,
+        decoder: () => decode(project)(config)(importer),
+        objector: {
+          checker: () => (input, meta, explore) =>
+            IsProgrammer.decode(project)(importer)(input, meta, explore),
+          decoder: () => decode_object(importer),
+          joiner: StringifyJoiner.object(importer),
+          unionizer: decode_union_object(
+            IsProgrammer.decode_object(project)(importer),
+          )(decode_object(importer))((exp) => exp)((value, expected) =>
+            create_throw_error(importer)(expected)(value),
+          ),
+          failure: (input, expected) =>
+            create_throw_error(importer)(expected)(input),
+        },
+        generator: {
+          arrays: () => write_array_functions(config)(importer),
+          tuples: () => write_tuple_functions(project)(config)(importer),
+        },
+      };
+      return config;
+    };
+
+  const initializer: FeatureProgrammer.IConfig["initializer"] =
+    (project) => (importer) => (type) =>
+      JsonMetadataFactory.analyze(`typia.json.${importer.method}`)(
+        project.checker,
+        project.context,
+      )(type);
+
+  const create_throw_error =
+    (importer: FunctionImporter) =>
+    (expected: string) =>
+    (value: ts.Expression) =>
+      ts.factory.createExpressionStatement(
+        ts.factory.createCallExpression(
+          importer.use("throws"),
+          [],
+          [
+            ts.factory.createObjectLiteralExpression(
+              [
+                ts.factory.createPropertyAssignment(
+                  "expected",
+                  ts.factory.createStringLiteral(expected),
+                ),
+                ts.factory.createPropertyAssignment("value", value),
+              ],
+              true,
+            ),
+          ],
+        ),
+      );
+}
+
+interface IUnion {
+  type: string;
+  is: () => ts.Expression;
+  value: () => ts.Expression;
+}