typegpu 0.4.6 → 0.5.0

package/index.cjs.map

@@ -1 +1 @@
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Defaults to `Object.is`.\n   */\n  areEqual(a: T, b: T): boolean;\n\n  readonly value: Infer<T>;\n}\n\nexport interface TgpuDerived<T> {\n  readonly resourceType: 'derived';\n  readonly value: Infer<T>;\n  '~repr': Infer<T>;\n  readonly '~providing'?: Providing | undefined;\n\n  with<TValue>(slot: TgpuSlot<TValue>, value: Eventual<TValue>): TgpuDerived<T>;\n\n  /**\n   * @internal\n   */\n  '~compute'(): T;\n}\n\nexport interface TgpuAccessor<T extends AnyWgslData = AnyWgslData>\n  extends TgpuNamable,\n    Labelled {\n  readonly resourceType: 'accessor';\n  '~repr': Infer<T>;\n\n  readonly schema: T;\n  readonly defaultValue:\n    | TgpuFn<[], T>\n    | TgpuBufferUsage<T>\n    | Infer<T>\n    | undefined;\n  readonly slot: TgpuSlot<TgpuFn<[], T> | TgpuBufferUsage<T> | Infer<T>>;\n\n  readonly value: Infer<T>;\n}\n\n/**\n * Represents a value that is available at resolution time.\n */\nexport type Eventual<T> = T | TgpuSlot<T> | TgpuDerived<T>;\n\nexport type SlotValuePair<T = unknown> = [TgpuSlot<T>, T];\n\nexport type Providing = {\n  inner: unknown;\n  pairs: SlotValuePair[];\n};\n\nexport function isSlot<T>(value: unknown | TgpuSlot<T>): value is TgpuSlot<T> {\n  return (value as TgpuSlot<T>)?.resourceType === 'slot';\n}\n\nexport function isDerived<T extends TgpuDerived<unknown>>(\n  value: T | unknown,\n): value is T {\n  return (value as T)?.resourceType === 'derived';\n}\n\nexport function isProviding(\n  value: unknown,\n): value is { '~providing': Providing } {\n  return (value as { '~providing': Providing })?.['~providing'] !== undefined;\n}\n\nexport function isAccessor<T extends AnyWgslData>(\n  value: unknown | TgpuAccessor<T>,\n): value is TgpuAccessor<T> {\n  return (value as TgpuAccessor<T>)?.resourceType === 'accessor';\n}\n","import type { Block } from 'tinyest';\nimport type {\n  TgpuBufferMutable,\n  TgpuBufferReadonly,\n  TgpuBufferUniform,\n  TgpuBufferUsage,\n} from './core/buffer/bufferUsage';\nimport type { TgpuConst } from './core/constant/tgpuConstant';\nimport type { TgpuDeclare } from './core/declare/tgpuDeclare';\nimport type { TgpuComputeFn } from './core/function/tgpuComputeFn';\nimport type { TgpuFn } from './core/function/tgpuFn';\nimport type { TgpuFragmentFn } from './core/function/tgpuFragmentFn';\nimport type { TgpuVertexFn } from './core/function/tgpuVertexFn';\nimport type { TgpuComputePipeline } from './core/pipeline/computePipeline';\nimport type { TgpuRenderPipeline } from './core/pipeline/renderPipeline';\nimport type { TgpuSampler } from './core/sampler/sampler';\nimport {\n  type Eventual,\n  type SlotValuePair,\n  type TgpuAccessor,\n  isDerived,\n  isProviding,\n  isSlot,\n} from './core/slot/slotTypes';\nimport type { TgpuExternalTexture } from './core/texture/externalTexture';\nimport type { TgpuAnyTextureView, TgpuTexture } from './core/texture/texture';\nimport type { TgpuVar } from './core/variable/tgpuVariable';\nimport type { AnyData } from './data';\nimport {\n  type AbstractFloat,\n  type AbstractInt,\n  type AnyMatInstance,\n  type AnyVecInstance,\n  type AnyWgslData,\n  type BaseData,\n  isWgslData,\n} from './data/wgslTypes';\nimport type { NameRegistry } from './nameRegistry';\nimport type { Infer } from './shared/repr';\nimport type {\n  TgpuBindGroupLayout,\n  TgpuLayoutEntry,\n} from './tgpuBindGroupLayout';\n\nexport type ResolvableObject =\n  | SelfResolvable\n  | TgpuBufferUsage\n  | TgpuConst\n  | TgpuDeclare\n  | TgpuFn\n  | TgpuComputeFn\n  | TgpuFragmentFn\n  | TgpuComputePipeline\n  | TgpuRenderPipeline\n  | TgpuVertexFn\n  | TgpuSampler\n  | TgpuAccessor\n  | TgpuExternalTexture\n  | TgpuTexture\n  | TgpuAnyTextureView\n  | TgpuVar\n  | AnyVecInstance\n  | AnyMatInstance\n  | AnyData\n  // biome-ignore lint/suspicious/noExplicitAny: <has to be more permissive than unknown>\n  | TgpuFn<any, any>;\n\nexport type Wgsl = Eventual<string | number | boolean | ResolvableObject>;\n\nexport const UnknownData = {\n  type: 'unknown',\n};\nexport type UnknownData = typeof UnknownData;\n\nexport type Resource = {\n  value: unknown;\n  dataType: AnyWgslData | UnknownData | AbstractInt | AbstractFloat;\n};\n\nexport type TgpuShaderStage = 'compute' | 'vertex' | 'fragment';\n\nexport interface FnToWgslOptions {\n  args: Resource[];\n  returnType: AnyWgslData;\n  body: Block;\n  externalMap: Record<string, unknown>;\n}\n\n/**\n * Passed into each resolvable item. All items in a tree share a resolution ctx,\n * but there can be layers added and removed from the item stack when going down\n * and up the tree.\n */\nexport interface ResolutionCtx {\n  readonly names: NameRegistry;\n\n  addDeclaration(declaration: string): void;\n\n  /**\n   * Reserves a bind group number, and returns a placeholder that will be replaced\n   * with a concrete number at the end of the resolution process.\n   */\n  allocateLayoutEntry(layout: TgpuBindGroupLayout): string;\n\n  /**\n   * Reserves a spot in the catch-all bind group, without the indirection of a bind-group.\n   * This means the resource is 'fixed', and cannot be swapped between code execution.\n   */\n  allocateFixedEntry(\n    layoutEntry: TgpuLayoutEntry,\n    resource: object,\n  ): {\n    group: string;\n    binding: number;\n  };\n\n  withSlots<T>(pairs: SlotValuePair<unknown>[], callback: () => T): T;\n\n  /**\n   * Unwraps all layers of slot/derived indirection and returns the concrete value if available.\n   * @throws {MissingSlotValueError}\n   */\n  unwrap<T>(eventual: Eventual<T>): T;\n\n  resolve(item: unknown): string;\n  resolveValue<T extends BaseData>(value: Infer<T>, schema: T): string;\n\n  transpileFn(fn: string): {\n    argNames: string[];\n    body: Block;\n    externalNames: string[];\n  };\n  fnToWgsl(options: FnToWgslOptions): {\n    head: Wgsl;\n    body: Wgsl;\n  };\n}\n\n/**\n * Houses a method '~resolve` that returns a code string\n * representing it, as opposed to offloading the resolution\n * to another mechanism.\n */\nexport interface SelfResolvable {\n  '~resolve'(ctx: ResolutionCtx): string;\n  toString(): string;\n}\n\nexport interface Labelled {\n  readonly label?: string | undefined;\n}\n\nexport function isSelfResolvable(value: unknown): value is SelfResolvable {\n  return typeof (value as SelfResolvable)?.['~resolve'] === 'function';\n}\n\nexport function isWgsl(value: unknown): value is Wgsl {\n  return (\n    typeof value === 'number' ||\n    typeof value === 'boolean' ||\n    typeof value === 'string' ||\n    isSelfResolvable(value) ||\n    isWgslData(value) ||\n    isSlot(value) ||\n    isDerived(value) ||\n    isProviding(value)\n  );\n}\n\nexport type BindableBufferUsage = 'uniform' | 'readonly' | 'mutable';\nexport type BufferUsage = 'uniform' | 'readonly' | 'mutable' | 'vertex';\n\nexport function isGPUBuffer(value: unknown): value is GPUBuffer {\n  return (\n    !!value &&\n    typeof value === 'object' &&\n    'getMappedRange' in value &&\n    'mapAsync' in value\n  );\n}\n\nexport function isBufferUsage<\n  T extends\n    | TgpuBufferUniform<BaseData>\n    | TgpuBufferReadonly<BaseData>\n    | TgpuBufferMutable<BaseData>,\n>(value: T | unknown): value is T {\n  return (value as T)?.resourceType === 'buffer-usage';\n}\n","import {\n  type Labelled,\n  type ResolutionCtx,\n  type SelfResolvable,\n  isBufferUsage,\n} from '../types';\nimport { isAccessor, isDerived, isSlot } from './slot/slotTypes';\n\nexport const valueProxyHandler: ProxyHandler<SelfResolvable & Labelled> = {\n  get(target, prop) {\n    if (prop in target) {\n      return Reflect.get(target, prop);\n    }\n\n    if (prop === '~providing') {\n      return undefined;\n    }\n\n    return new Proxy(\n      {\n        '~resolve': (ctx: ResolutionCtx) =>\n          `${ctx.resolve(target)}.${String(prop)}`,\n\n        toString: () =>\n          `.value(...).${String(prop)}:${target.label ?? '<unnamed>'}`,\n      },\n      valueProxyHandler,\n    );\n  },\n};\n\nexport function unwrapProxy<T>(value: unknown): T {\n  let unwrapped = value;\n\n  while (\n    isSlot(unwrapped) ||\n    isDerived(unwrapped) ||\n    isAccessor(unwrapped) ||\n    isBufferUsage(unwrapped)\n  ) {\n    unwrapped = unwrapped.value;\n  }\n\n  return unwrapped as T;\n}\n","import { getAttributesString } from '../../data/attributes';\nimport {\n  type AnyData,\n  type Disarray,\n  type Unstruct,\n  isLooseData,\n} from '../../data/dataTypes';\nimport type { WgslStruct } from '../../data/struct';\nimport { formatToWGSLType } from '../../data/vertexFormatData';\nimport type {\n  AnyWgslData,\n  BaseData,\n  Bool,\n  F16,\n  F32,\n  I32,\n  Mat2x2f,\n  Mat3x3f,\n  Mat4x4f,\n  U32,\n  Vec2f,\n  Vec2h,\n  Vec2i,\n  Vec2u,\n  Vec3f,\n  Vec3h,\n  Vec3i,\n  Vec3u,\n  Vec4f,\n  Vec4h,\n  Vec4i,\n  Vec4u,\n  WgslArray,\n} from '../../data/wgslTypes';\nimport { assertExhaustive } from '../../shared/utilityTypes';\nimport type { ResolutionCtx } from '../../types';\nimport { isAttribute } from '../vertexLayout/connectAttributesToShader';\n\n/**\n * Schemas for which their `type` property directly\n * translates to the resulting WGSL code.\n */\nconst identityTypes = [\n  'bool',\n  'f32',\n  'f16',\n  'i32',\n  'u32',\n  'vec2f',\n  'vec3f',\n  'vec4f',\n  'vec2h',\n  'vec3h',\n  'vec4h',\n  'vec2i',\n  'vec3i',\n  'vec4i',\n  'vec2u',\n  'vec3u',\n  'vec4u',\n  'mat2x2f',\n  'mat3x3f',\n  'mat4x4f',\n];\n\ntype IdentityType =\n  | Bool\n  | F32\n  | F16\n  | I32\n  | U32\n  | Vec2f\n  | Vec3f\n  | Vec4f\n  | Vec2h\n  | Vec3h\n  | Vec4h\n  | Vec2i\n  | Vec3i\n  | Vec4i\n  | Vec2u\n  | Vec3u\n  | Vec4u\n  | Mat2x2f\n  | Mat3x3f\n  | Mat4x4f;\n\nfunction isIdentityType(data: AnyWgslData): data is IdentityType {\n  return identityTypes.includes(data.type);\n}\n\n/**\n * Resolves a single property of a struct.\n * @param ctx - The resolution context.\n * @param key - The key of the property.\n * @param property - The property itself.\n *\n * @returns The resolved property string.\n */\nfunction resolveStructProperty(\n  ctx: ResolutionCtx,\n  [key, property]: [string, BaseData],\n) {\n  return `  ${getAttributesString(property)}${key}: ${ctx.resolve(property as AnyWgslData)},\\n`;\n}\n\n/**\n * Resolves a struct and adds its declaration to the resolution context.\n * @param ctx - The resolution context.\n * @param struct - The struct to resolve.\n *\n * @returns The resolved struct name.\n */\nfunction resolveStruct(ctx: ResolutionCtx, struct: WgslStruct) {\n  const id = ctx.names.makeUnique(struct.label);\n\n  ctx.addDeclaration(`\nstruct ${id} {\n${Object.entries(struct.propTypes)\n  .map((prop) => resolveStructProperty(ctx, prop))\n  .join('')}\\\n}\\n`);\n\n  return id;\n}\n\n/**\n * Resolves an unstruct (struct that does not align data by default) to its struct data counterpart.\n * @param ctx - The resolution context.\n * @param unstruct - The unstruct to resolve.\n *\n * @returns The resolved unstruct name.\n *\n * @example\n * ```ts\n * resolveUnstruct(ctx, {\n *   uv: d.float16x2, // -> d.vec2f after resolution\n *   color: d.snorm8x4, -> d.vec4f after resolution\n * });\n * ```\n */\nfunction resolveUnstruct(ctx: ResolutionCtx, unstruct: Unstruct) {\n  const id = ctx.names.makeUnique(unstruct.label);\n\n  ctx.addDeclaration(`\nstruct ${id} {\n${Object.entries(unstruct.propTypes)\n  .map((prop) =>\n    isAttribute(prop[1])\n      ? resolveStructProperty(ctx, [prop[0], formatToWGSLType[prop[1].format]])\n      : resolveStructProperty(ctx, prop),\n  )\n  .join('')}\n}\\n`);\n\n  return id;\n}\n\n/**\n * Resolves an array.\n * @param ctx - The resolution context.\n * @param array - The array to resolve.\n *\n * @returns The resolved array name along with its element type and count (if not runtime-sized).\n *\n * @example\n * ```ts\n * resolveArray(ctx, d.arrayOf(d.u32, 0)); // 'array<u32>' (not a real pattern, a function is preferred)\n * resolveArray(ctx, d.arrayOf(d.u32, 5)); // 'array<u32, 5>'\n * ```\n */\nfunction resolveArray(ctx: ResolutionCtx, array: WgslArray) {\n  const element = ctx.resolve(array.elementType as AnyWgslData);\n\n  return array.elementCount === 0\n    ? `array<${element}>`\n    : `array<${element}, ${array.elementCount}>`;\n}\n\nfunction resolveDisarray(ctx: ResolutionCtx, disarray: Disarray) {\n  const element = ctx.resolve(\n    isAttribute(disarray.elementType)\n      ? formatToWGSLType[disarray.elementType.format]\n      : (disarray.elementType as AnyWgslData),\n  );\n\n  return disarray.elementCount === 0\n    ? `array<${element}>`\n    : `array<${element}, ${disarray.elementCount}>`;\n}\n\n/**\n * Resolves a WGSL data-type schema to a string.\n * @param ctx - The resolution context.\n * @param data - The data-type to resolve.\n *\n * @returns The resolved data-type string.\n */\nexport function resolveData(ctx: ResolutionCtx, data: AnyData): string {\n  if (isLooseData(data)) {\n    if (data.type === 'unstruct') {\n      return resolveUnstruct(ctx, data);\n    }\n\n    if (data.type === 'disarray') {\n      return resolveDisarray(ctx, data);\n    }\n\n    if (data.type === 'loose-decorated') {\n      return ctx.resolve(\n        isAttribute(data.inner)\n          ? formatToWGSLType[data.inner.format]\n          : data.inner,\n      );\n    }\n\n    return ctx.resolve(formatToWGSLType[data.type]);\n  }\n\n  if (isIdentityType(data)) {\n    return data.type;\n  }\n\n  if (data.type === 'struct') {\n    return resolveStruct(ctx, data);\n  }\n\n  if (data.type === 'array') {\n    return resolveArray(ctx, data);\n  }\n\n  if (data.type === 'atomic') {\n    return `atomic<${resolveData(ctx, data.inner)}>`;\n  }\n\n  if (data.type === 'decorated') {\n    return ctx.resolve(data.inner as AnyWgslData);\n  }\n\n  if (data.type === 'ptr') {\n    if (data.addressSpace === 'storage') {\n      return `ptr<storage, ${ctx.resolve(data.inner)}, ${data.access === 'read-write' ? 'read_write' : data.access}>`;\n    }\n    return `ptr<${data.addressSpace}, ${ctx.resolve(data.inner)}>`;\n  }\n\n  if (data.type === 'abstractInt' || data.type === 'abstractFloat') {\n    throw new Error('Abstract types have no concrete representation in WGSL');\n  }\n\n  assertExhaustive(data, 'resolveData');\n}\n","import type * as smol from 'tinyest';\nimport * as d from '../data';\nimport { abstractFloat, abstractInt } from '../data/numeric';\nimport * as wgsl from '../data/wgslTypes';\nimport {\n  type ResolutionCtx,\n  type Resource,\n  UnknownData,\n  type Wgsl,\n  isWgsl,\n} from '../types';\n\nconst parenthesizedOps = [\n  '==',\n  '!=',\n  '<',\n  '<=',\n  '>',\n  '>=',\n  '<<',\n  '>>',\n  '+',\n  '-',\n  '*',\n  '/',\n  '%',\n  '|',\n  '^',\n  '&',\n  '&&',\n  '||',\n];\n\nfunction binaryOperatorToType<\n  TL extends wgsl.AnyWgslData | UnknownData,\n  TR extends wgsl.AnyWgslData | UnknownData,\n>(\n  lhs: TL,\n  op: smol.BinaryOperator | smol.AssignmentOperator | smol.LogicalOperator,\n  rhs: TR,\n): TL | TR | wgsl.Bool {\n  if (\n    op === '==' ||\n    op === '!=' ||\n    op === '<' ||\n    op === '<=' ||\n    op === '>' ||\n    op === '>=' ||\n    op === '&&' ||\n    op === '||'\n  ) {\n    return d.bool;\n  }\n\n  if (op === '=') {\n    return rhs;\n  }\n\n  return lhs;\n}\n\nexport type GenerationCtx = ResolutionCtx & {\n  readonly pre: string;\n  readonly callStack: unknown[];\n  indent(): string;\n  dedent(): string;\n  pushBlockScope(): void;\n  popBlockScope(): void;\n  getById(id: string): Resource | null;\n  defineVariable(\n    id: string,\n    dataType: wgsl.AnyWgslData | UnknownData,\n  ): Resource;\n};\n\nexport function resolveRes(ctx: GenerationCtx, res: Resource): string {\n  if (isWgsl(res.value) || wgsl.isWgslData(res.value)) {\n    return ctx.resolve(res.value);\n  }\n\n  return String(res.value);\n}\n\nfunction assertExhaustive(value: never): never {\n  throw new Error(\n    `'${JSON.stringify(value)}' was not handled by the WGSL generator.`,\n  );\n}\n\nexport function generateBoolean(ctx: GenerationCtx, value: boolean): Resource {\n  return value\n    ? { value: 'true', dataType: d.bool }\n    : { value: 'false', dataType: d.bool };\n}\n\nexport function generateBlock(ctx: GenerationCtx, value: smol.Block): string {\n  ctx.pushBlockScope();\n  try {\n    return `${ctx.indent()}{\n${value.b.map((statement) => generateStatement(ctx, statement)).join('\\n')}\n${ctx.dedent()}}`;\n  } finally {\n    ctx.popBlockScope();\n  }\n}\n\nexport function registerBlockVariable(\n  ctx: GenerationCtx,\n  id: string,\n  dataType: wgsl.AnyWgslData | UnknownData,\n): Resource {\n  return ctx.defineVariable(id, dataType);\n}\n\nexport function generateIdentifier(ctx: GenerationCtx, id: string): Resource {\n  const res = ctx.getById(id);\n  if (!res) {\n    throw new Error(`Identifier ${id} not found`);\n  }\n\n  return res;\n}\n\nexport function generateExpression(\n  ctx: GenerationCtx,\n  expression: smol.Expression,\n): Resource {\n  if (typeof expression === 'string') {\n    return generateIdentifier(ctx, expression);\n  }\n\n  if (typeof expression === 'boolean') {\n    return generateBoolean(ctx, expression);\n  }\n\n  if ('x' in expression) {\n    // Logical/Binary/Assignment Expression\n\n    const [lhs, op, rhs] = expression.x;\n    const lhsExpr = generateExpression(ctx, lhs);\n    const lhsStr = resolveRes(ctx, lhsExpr);\n    const rhsExpr = generateExpression(ctx, rhs);\n    const rhsStr = resolveRes(ctx, rhsExpr);\n\n    const type = binaryOperatorToType(lhsExpr.dataType, op, rhsExpr.dataType);\n\n    return {\n      value: parenthesizedOps.includes(op)\n        ? `(${lhsStr} ${op} ${rhsStr})`\n        : `${lhsStr} ${op} ${rhsStr}`,\n      dataType: type,\n    };\n  }\n\n  if ('u' in expression) {\n    // Unary Expression\n\n    const [op, arg] = expression.u;\n    const argExpr = resolveRes(ctx, generateExpression(ctx, arg));\n    return {\n      value: `${op}${argExpr}`,\n      // TODO: Infer data type from expression type and arguments.\n      dataType: UnknownData,\n    };\n  }\n\n  if ('a' in expression) {\n    // Member Access\n\n    const [targetId, property] = expression.a;\n    const target = generateExpression(ctx, targetId);\n    const propertyStr = resolveRes(ctx, generateExpression(ctx, property));\n\n    if (typeof target.value === 'string') {\n      return {\n        value: `${target.value}.${propertyStr}`,\n        // TODO: Infer data type\n        dataType: UnknownData,\n      };\n    }\n\n    if (isWgsl(target.value)) {\n      return {\n        // biome-ignore lint/suspicious/noExplicitAny: <sorry TypeScript>\n        value: (target.value as any)[propertyStr],\n        // TODO: Infer data type\n        dataType: UnknownData,\n      };\n    }\n\n    if (typeof target.value === 'object') {\n      return {\n        // biome-ignore lint/suspicious/noExplicitAny: <sorry TypeScript>\n        value: (target.value as any)[propertyStr],\n        // TODO: Infer data type\n        dataType: UnknownData,\n      };\n    }\n\n    throw new Error(`Cannot access member ${propertyStr} of ${target.value}`);\n  }\n\n  if ('i' in expression) {\n    // Index Access\n\n    const [target, property] = expression.i;\n    const targetStr = resolveRes(ctx, generateExpression(ctx, target));\n    const propertyStr = resolveRes(ctx, generateExpression(ctx, property));\n\n    return {\n      value: `${targetStr}[${propertyStr}]`,\n      // TODO: Infer data type\n      dataType: UnknownData,\n    };\n  }\n\n  if ('n' in expression) {\n    // Numeric Literal\n    const value = expression.n;\n\n    // Hex literals (since JS does not have float hex literals, we'll assume it's an int)\n    const hexRegex = /^0x[0-9a-f]+$/i;\n    if (hexRegex.test(value)) {\n      return { value: value, dataType: abstractInt };\n    }\n\n    // Binary literals\n    const binRegex = /^0b[01]+$/i;\n    if (binRegex.test(value)) {\n      // Since wgsl doesn't support binary literals, we'll convert it to a decimal number\n      return {\n        value: `${Number.parseInt(value.slice(2), 2)}`,\n        dataType: abstractInt,\n      };\n    }\n\n    const floatRegex = /^-?(?:\\d+\\.\\d*|\\d*\\.\\d+)$/;\n    if (floatRegex.test(value)) {\n      return { value, dataType: abstractFloat };\n    }\n\n    // Floating point literals with scientific notation\n    const sciFloatRegex = /^-?\\d+\\.\\d+e-?\\d+$/;\n    if (sciFloatRegex.test(value)) {\n      return {\n        value: value,\n        dataType: abstractFloat,\n      };\n    }\n\n    // Integer literals\n    const intRegex = /^-?\\d+$/;\n    if (intRegex.test(value)) {\n      return { value: value, dataType: abstractInt };\n    }\n\n    throw new Error(`Invalid numeric literal ${value}`);\n  }\n\n  if ('f' in expression) {\n    // Function Call\n\n    const [callee, args] = expression.f;\n    const id = generateExpression(ctx, callee);\n    const idValue = id.value;\n\n    ctx.callStack.push(idValue);\n\n    const argResources = args.map((arg) => generateExpression(ctx, arg));\n    const argValues = argResources.map((res) => resolveRes(ctx, res));\n\n    ctx.callStack.pop();\n\n    if (typeof idValue === 'string') {\n      return {\n        value: `${idValue}(${argValues.join(', ')})`,\n        dataType: UnknownData,\n      };\n    }\n\n    if (wgsl.isWgslStruct(idValue)) {\n      const id = ctx.resolve(idValue);\n\n      return {\n        value: `${id}(${argValues.join(', ')})`,\n        dataType: UnknownData,\n      };\n    }\n\n    // Assuming that `id` is callable\n    // TODO: Pass in resources, not just values.\n    const result = (idValue as unknown as (...args: unknown[]) => unknown)(\n      ...argValues,\n    ) as Wgsl;\n    // TODO: Make function calls return resources instead of just values.\n    return { value: result, dataType: UnknownData };\n  }\n\n  if ('o' in expression) {\n    const obj = expression.o;\n    const callee = ctx.callStack[ctx.callStack.length - 1];\n\n    const generateEntries = (values: smol.Expression[]) =>\n      values\n        .map((value) => {\n          const valueRes = generateExpression(ctx, value);\n          return resolveRes(ctx, valueRes);\n        })\n        .join(', ');\n\n    if (wgsl.isWgslStruct(callee)) {\n      const propKeys = Object.keys(callee.propTypes);\n      const values = propKeys.map((key) => {\n        const val = obj[key];\n        if (val === undefined) {\n          throw new Error(\n            `Missing property ${key} in object literal for struct ${callee}`,\n          );\n        }\n        return val;\n      });\n\n      return {\n        value: generateEntries(values),\n        dataType: callee,\n      };\n    }\n\n    return {\n      value: generateEntries(Object.values(obj)),\n      dataType: UnknownData,\n    };\n  }\n\n  if ('s' in expression) {\n    throw new Error('Cannot use string literals in TGSL.');\n  }\n\n  assertExhaustive(expression);\n}\n\nexport function generateStatement(\n  ctx: GenerationCtx,\n  statement: smol.Statement,\n): string {\n  if (typeof statement === 'string') {\n    return `${ctx.pre}${resolveRes(ctx, generateIdentifier(ctx, statement))};`;\n  }\n\n  if (typeof statement === 'boolean') {\n    return `${ctx.pre}${resolveRes(ctx, generateBoolean(ctx, statement))};`;\n  }\n\n  if ('r' in statement) {\n    // check if the thing at the top of the call stack is a struct and the statement is a plain JS object\n    // if so wrap the value returned in a constructor of the struct (its resolved name)\n    if (\n      wgsl.isWgslStruct(ctx.callStack[ctx.callStack.length - 1]) &&\n      statement.r !== null &&\n      typeof statement.r === 'object' &&\n      'o' in statement.r\n    ) {\n      const resource = resolveRes(ctx, generateExpression(ctx, statement.r));\n      const resolvedStruct = ctx.resolve(\n        ctx.callStack[ctx.callStack.length - 1],\n      );\n      return `${ctx.pre}return ${resolvedStruct}(${resource});`;\n    }\n\n    return statement.r === null\n      ? `${ctx.pre}return;`\n      : `${ctx.pre}return ${resolveRes(ctx, generateExpression(ctx, statement.r))};`;\n  }\n\n  if ('q' in statement) {\n    const [cond, cons, alt] = statement.q;\n    const condition = resolveRes(ctx, generateExpression(ctx, cond));\n\n    ctx.indent(); // {\n    const consequent = generateStatement(ctx, cons);\n    ctx.dedent(); // }\n\n    ctx.indent(); // {\n    const alternate = alt ? generateStatement(ctx, alt) : undefined;\n    ctx.dedent(); // }\n\n    if (!alternate) {\n      return `\\\n${ctx.pre}if (${condition})\n${consequent}`;\n    }\n\n    return `\\\n${ctx.pre}if (${condition})\n${consequent}\n${ctx.pre}else\n${alternate}`;\n  }\n\n  if ('l' in statement || 'c' in statement) {\n    const [rawId, rawValue] = 'l' in statement ? statement.l : statement.c;\n    const eq = rawValue ? generateExpression(ctx, rawValue) : undefined;\n\n    if (!eq || !rawValue) {\n      throw new Error('Cannot create variable without an initial value.');\n    }\n\n    registerBlockVariable(ctx, rawId, eq.dataType);\n    const id = resolveRes(ctx, generateIdentifier(ctx, rawId));\n\n    // If the value is a plain JS object it has to be an output struct\n    if (\n      typeof rawValue === 'object' &&\n      'o' in rawValue &&\n      wgsl.isWgslStruct(ctx.callStack[ctx.callStack.length - 1])\n    ) {\n      const resolvedStruct = ctx.resolve(\n        ctx.callStack[ctx.callStack.length - 1],\n      );\n      return `${ctx.pre}var ${id} = ${resolvedStruct}(${resolveRes(ctx, eq)});`;\n    }\n\n    return `${ctx.pre}var ${id} = ${resolveRes(ctx, eq)};`;\n  }\n\n  if ('b' in statement) {\n    ctx.pushBlockScope();\n    try {\n      return generateBlock(ctx, statement);\n    } finally {\n      ctx.popBlockScope();\n    }\n  }\n\n  // 'j' stands for for (trust me)\n  if ('j' in statement) {\n    const [init, condition, update, body] = statement.j;\n\n    const initStatement = init ? generateStatement(ctx, init) : undefined;\n    const initStr = initStatement ? initStatement.slice(0, -1) : '';\n\n    const conditionExpr = condition\n      ? generateExpression(ctx, condition)\n      : undefined;\n    const conditionStr = conditionExpr ? resolveRes(ctx, conditionExpr) : '';\n\n    const updateStatement = update ? generateStatement(ctx, update) : undefined;\n    const updateStr = updateStatement ? updateStatement.slice(0, -1) : '';\n\n    ctx.indent();\n    const bodyStr = generateStatement(ctx, body);\n    ctx.dedent();\n\n    return `\\\n${ctx.pre}for (${initStr}; ${conditionStr}; ${updateStr})\n${bodyStr}`;\n  }\n\n  if ('w' in statement) {\n    const [condition, body] = statement.w;\n    const conditionStr = resolveRes(ctx, generateExpression(ctx, condition));\n\n    ctx.indent();\n    const bodyStr = generateStatement(ctx, body);\n    ctx.dedent();\n\n    return `\\\n${ctx.pre}while (${conditionStr})\n${bodyStr}`;\n  }\n\n  if ('k' in statement) {\n    return `${ctx.pre}continue;`;\n  }\n\n  if ('d' in statement) {\n    return `${ctx.pre}break;`;\n  }\n\n  return `${ctx.pre}${resolveRes(ctx, generateExpression(ctx, statement))};`;\n}\n\nexport function generateFunction(ctx: GenerationCtx, body: smol.Block): string {\n  return generateBlock(ctx, body);\n}\n","import type { ISerialInput, ISerialOutput } from 'typed-binary';\nimport type { Infer, InferRecord } from '../shared/repr';\nimport alignIO from './alignIO';\nimport { alignmentOf, customAlignmentOf } from './alignmentOf';\nimport type {\n  AnyConcreteData,\n  AnyData,\n  Disarray,\n  LooseDecorated,\n  Unstruct,\n} from './dataTypes';\nimport { mat2x2f, mat3x3f, mat4x4f } from './matrix';\nimport { sizeOf } from './sizeOf';\nimport type { WgslStruct } from './struct';\nimport {\n  vec2f,\n  vec2h,\n  vec2i,\n  vec2u,\n  vec3f,\n  vec3h,\n  vec3i,\n  vec3u,\n  vec4f,\n  vec4h,\n  vec4i,\n  vec4u,\n} from './vector';\nimport type * as wgsl from './wgslTypes';\n\ntype DataWriter<TSchema extends wgsl.BaseData> = (\n  output: ISerialOutput,\n  schema: TSchema,\n  value: Infer<TSchema>,\n) => void;\n\ntype DataReader<TSchema extends wgsl.BaseData> = (\n  input: ISerialInput,\n  schema: TSchema,\n) => Infer<TSchema>;\n\ntype CompleteDataWriters = {\n  [TType in AnyConcreteData['type']]: DataWriter<\n    Extract<AnyData, { readonly type: TType }>\n  >;\n};\n\ntype CompleteDataReaders = {\n  [TType in AnyConcreteData['type']]: DataReader<\n    Extract<AnyData, { readonly type: TType }>\n  >;\n};\n\nconst dataWriters = {\n  bool(output, _schema: wgsl.Bool, value: boolean) {\n    output.writeBool(value);\n  },\n\n  f32(output, _schema: wgsl.F32, value: number) {\n    output.writeFloat32(value);\n  },\n\n  f16(output, _schema: wgsl.F16, value: number) {\n    output.writeFloat16(value);\n  },\n\n  i32(output, _schema: wgsl.I32, value: number) {\n    output.writeInt32(value);\n  },\n\n  u32(output, _schema: wgsl.U32, value: number) {\n    output.writeUint32(value);\n  },\n\n  vec2f(output, _, value: wgsl.v2f) {\n    output.writeFloat32(value.x);\n    output.writeFloat32(value.y);\n  },\n\n  vec2h(output, _, value: wgsl.v2h) {\n    output.writeFloat16(value.x);\n    output.writeFloat16(value.y);\n  },\n\n  vec2i(output, _, value: wgsl.v2i) {\n    output.writeInt32(value.x);\n    output.writeInt32(value.y);\n  },\n\n  vec2u(output, _, value: wgsl.v2u) {\n    output.writeUint32(value.x);\n    output.writeUint32(value.y);\n  },\n\n  vec3f(output, _, value: wgsl.v3f) {\n    output.writeFloat32(value.x);\n    output.writeFloat32(value.y);\n    output.writeFloat32(value.z);\n  },\n\n  vec3h(output, _, value: wgsl.v3h) {\n    output.writeFloat16(value.x);\n    output.writeFloat16(value.y);\n    output.writeFloat16(value.z);\n  },\n\n  vec3i(output, _, value: wgsl.v3i) {\n    output.writeInt32(value.x);\n    output.writeInt32(value.y);\n    output.writeInt32(value.z);\n  },\n\n  vec3u(output, _, value: wgsl.v3u) {\n    output.writeUint32(value.x);\n    output.writeUint32(value.y);\n    output.writeUint32(value.z);\n  },\n\n  vec4f(output, _, value: wgsl.v4f) {\n    output.writeFloat32(value.x);\n    output.writeFloat32(value.y);\n    output.writeFloat32(value.z);\n    output.writeFloat32(value.w);\n  },\n\n  vec4h(output, _, value: wgsl.v4h) {\n    output.writeFloat16(value.x);\n    output.writeFloat16(value.y);\n    output.writeFloat16(value.z);\n    output.writeFloat16(value.w);\n  },\n\n  vec4i(output, _, value: wgsl.v4i) {\n    output.writeInt32(value.x);\n    output.writeInt32(value.y);\n    output.writeInt32(value.z);\n    output.writeInt32(value.w);\n  },\n\n  vec4u(output, _, value: wgsl.v4u) {\n    output.writeUint32(value.x);\n    output.writeUint32(value.y);\n    output.writeUint32(value.z);\n    output.writeUint32(value.w);\n  },\n\n  mat2x2f(output, _, value: wgsl.m2x2f) {\n    for (let i = 0; i < value.length; ++i) {\n      output.writeFloat32(value[i] as number);\n    }\n  },\n\n  mat3x3f(output, _, value: wgsl.m3x3f) {\n    for (let i = 0; i < value.length; ++i) {\n      output.writeFloat32(value[i] as number);\n    }\n  },\n\n  mat4x4f(output, _, value: wgsl.m4x4f) {\n    for (let i = 0; i < value.length; ++i) {\n      output.writeFloat32(value[i] as number);\n    }\n  },\n\n  struct(\n    output,\n    schema: WgslStruct,\n    value: InferRecord<Record<string, wgsl.BaseData>>,\n  ) {\n    const alignment = alignmentOf(schema);\n    alignIO(output, alignment);\n\n    for (const [key, property] of Object.entries(schema.propTypes)) {\n      alignIO(output, alignmentOf(property));\n      writeData(output, property, value[key] as wgsl.BaseData);\n    }\n\n    alignIO(output, alignment);\n  },\n\n  array(output, schema: wgsl.WgslArray, value: Infer<wgsl.BaseData>[]) {\n    if (schema.elementCount === 0) {\n      throw new Error('Cannot write using a runtime-sized schema.');\n    }\n\n    const alignment = alignmentOf(schema);\n    alignIO(output, alignment);\n    const beginning = output.currentByteOffset;\n    for (let i = 0; i < Math.min(schema.elementCount, value.length); i++) {\n      alignIO(output, alignment);\n      writeData(output, schema.elementType, value[i]);\n    }\n    output.seekTo(beginning + sizeOf(schema));\n  },\n\n  ptr() {\n    throw new Error('Pointers are not host-shareable');\n  },\n\n  atomic(output, schema: wgsl.Atomic, value: number) {\n    dataWriters[schema.inner.type]?.(output, schema, value);\n  },\n\n  decorated(output, schema: wgsl.Decorated, value: unknown) {\n    const alignment = customAlignmentOf(schema);\n    alignIO(output, alignment);\n\n    const beginning = output.currentByteOffset;\n    dataWriters[(schema.inner as AnyData)?.type]?.(output, schema.inner, value);\n    output.seekTo(beginning + sizeOf(schema));\n  },\n\n  // Loose Types\n\n  uint8(output, _, value: number) {\n    output.writeUint8(value);\n  },\n  uint8x2(output, _, value: wgsl.v2u) {\n    output.writeUint8(value.x);\n    output.writeUint8(value.y);\n  },\n  uint8x4(output, _, value: wgsl.v4u) {\n    output.writeUint8(value.x);\n    output.writeUint8(value.y);\n    output.writeUint8(value.z);\n    output.writeUint8(value.w);\n  },\n  sint8(output, _, value: number) {\n    output.writeInt8(value);\n  },\n  sint8x2(output, _, value: wgsl.v2i) {\n    output.writeInt8(value.x);\n    output.writeInt8(value.y);\n  },\n  sint8x4(output, _, value: wgsl.v4i) {\n    output.writeInt8(value.x);\n    output.writeInt8(value.y);\n    output.writeInt8(value.z);\n    output.writeInt8(value.w);\n  },\n  unorm8(output, _, value: number) {\n    output.writeUint8(value * 255);\n  },\n  unorm8x2(output, _, value: wgsl.v2f) {\n    output.writeUint8(value.x * 255);\n    output.writeUint8(value.y * 255);\n  },\n  unorm8x4(output, _, value: wgsl.v4f) {\n    output.writeUint8(value.x * 255);\n    output.writeUint8(value.y * 255);\n    output.writeUint8(value.z * 255);\n    output.writeUint8(value.w * 255);\n  },\n  snorm8(output, _, value: number) {\n    output.writeUint8(value * 127 + 128);\n  },\n  snorm8x2(output, _, value: wgsl.v2f) {\n    output.writeUint8(value.x * 127 + 128);\n    output.writeUint8(value.y * 127 + 128);\n  },\n  snorm8x4(output, _, value: wgsl.v4f) {\n    output.writeUint8(value.x * 127 + 128);\n    output.writeUint8(value.y * 127 + 128);\n    output.writeUint8(value.z * 127 + 128);\n    output.writeUint8(value.w * 127 + 128);\n  },\n  uint16(output, _, value: number) {\n    output.writeUint16(value);\n  },\n  uint16x2(output, _, value: wgsl.v2u) {\n    output.writeUint16(value.x);\n    output.writeUint16(value.y);\n  },\n  uint16x4(output, _, value: wgsl.v4u) {\n    output.writeUint16(value.x);\n    output.writeUint16(value.y);\n    output.writeUint16(value.z);\n    output.writeUint16(value.w);\n  },\n  sint16(output, _, value: number) {\n    output.writeInt16(value);\n  },\n  sint16x2(output, _, value: wgsl.v2i) {\n    output.writeInt16(value.x);\n    output.writeInt16(value.y);\n  },\n  sint16x4(output, _, value: wgsl.v4i) {\n    output.writeInt16(value.x);\n    output.writeInt16(value.y);\n    output.writeInt16(value.z);\n    output.writeInt16(value.w);\n  },\n  unorm16(output, _, value: number) {\n    output.writeUint16(value * 65535);\n  },\n  unorm16x2(output, _, value: wgsl.v2f) {\n    output.writeUint16(value.x * 65535);\n    output.writeUint16(value.y * 65535);\n  },\n  unorm16x4(output, _, value: wgsl.v4f) {\n    output.writeUint16(value.x * 65535);\n    output.writeUint16(value.y * 65535);\n    output.writeUint16(value.z * 65535);\n    output.writeUint16(value.w * 65535);\n  },\n  snorm16(output, _, value: number) {\n    output.writeUint16(value * 32767 + 32768);\n  },\n  snorm16x2(output, _, value: wgsl.v2f) {\n    output.writeUint16(value.x * 32767 + 32768);\n    output.writeUint16(value.y * 32767 + 32768);\n  },\n  snorm16x4(output, _, value: wgsl.v4f) {\n    output.writeUint16(value.x * 32767 + 32768);\n    output.writeUint16(value.y * 32767 + 32768);\n    output.writeUint16(value.z * 32767 + 32768);\n    output.writeUint16(value.w * 32767 + 32768);\n  },\n  float16(output, _, value: number) {\n    output.writeFloat16(value);\n  },\n  float16x2(output, _, value: wgsl.v2f) {\n    output.writeFloat16(value.x);\n    output.writeFloat16(value.y);\n  },\n  float16x4(output, _, value: wgsl.v4f) {\n    output.writeFloat16(value.x);\n    output.writeFloat16(value.y);\n    output.writeFloat16(value.z);\n    output.writeFloat16(value.w);\n  },\n  float32(output, _, value: number) {\n    output.writeFloat32(value);\n  },\n  float32x2(output, _, value: wgsl.v2f) {\n    output.writeFloat32(value.x);\n    output.writeFloat32(value.y);\n  },\n  float32x3(output, _, value: wgsl.v3f) {\n    output.writeFloat32(value.x);\n    output.writeFloat32(value.y);\n    output.writeFloat32(value.z);\n  },\n  float32x4(output, _, value: wgsl.v4f) {\n    output.writeFloat32(value.x);\n    output.writeFloat32(value.y);\n    output.writeFloat32(value.z);\n    output.writeFloat32(value.w);\n  },\n  uint32(output, _, value: number) {\n    output.writeUint32(value);\n  },\n  uint32x2(output, _, value: wgsl.v2u) {\n    output.writeUint32(value.x);\n    output.writeUint32(value.y);\n  },\n  uint32x3(output, _, value: wgsl.v3u) {\n    output.writeUint32(value.x);\n    output.writeUint32(value.y);\n    output.writeUint32(value.z);\n  },\n  uint32x4(output, _, value: wgsl.v4u) {\n    output.writeUint32(value.x);\n    output.writeUint32(value.y);\n    output.writeUint32(value.z);\n    output.writeUint32(value.w);\n  },\n  sint32(output, _, value: number) {\n    output.writeInt32(value);\n  },\n  sint32x2(output, _, value: wgsl.v2i) {\n    output.writeInt32(value.x);\n    output.writeInt32(value.y);\n  },\n  sint32x3(output, _, value: wgsl.v3i) {\n    output.writeInt32(value.x);\n    output.writeInt32(value.y);\n    output.writeInt32(value.z);\n  },\n  sint32x4(output, _, value: wgsl.v4i) {\n    output.writeInt32(value.x);\n    output.writeInt32(value.y);\n    output.writeInt32(value.z);\n    output.writeInt32(value.w);\n  },\n  'unorm10-10-10-2'(output, _, value: wgsl.v4f) {\n    let packed = 0;\n    packed |= ((value.x * 1023) & 1023) << 22; // r (10 bits)\n    packed |= ((value.x * 1023) & 1023) << 12; // g (10 bits)\n    packed |= ((value.y * 1023) & 1023) << 2; // b (10 bits)\n    packed |= (value.z * 3) & 3; // a (2 bits)\n    output.writeUint32(packed);\n  },\n  'unorm8x4-bgra'(output, _, value: wgsl.v4f) {\n    output.writeUint8(value.z * 255);\n    output.writeUint8(value.y * 255);\n    output.writeUint8(value.x * 255);\n    output.writeUint8(value.w * 255);\n  },\n\n  disarray(output, schema: Disarray, value: unknown[]) {\n    const alignment = alignmentOf(schema);\n\n    alignIO(output, alignment);\n    const beginning = output.currentByteOffset;\n    for (let i = 0; i < Math.min(schema.elementCount, value.length); i++) {\n      alignIO(output, alignment);\n      dataWriters[(schema.elementType as AnyData)?.type]?.(\n        output,\n        schema.elementType,\n        value[i],\n      );\n    }\n\n    output.seekTo(beginning + sizeOf(schema));\n  },\n\n  unstruct(output, schema: Unstruct, value) {\n    for (const [key, property] of Object.entries(schema.propTypes)) {\n      dataWriters[property.type]?.(output, property, value[key]);\n    }\n  },\n\n  'loose-decorated'(output, schema: LooseDecorated, value: unknown) {\n    const alignment = customAlignmentOf(schema);\n    alignIO(output, alignment);\n\n    const beginning = output.currentByteOffset;\n    const writer = dataWriters[(schema.inner as AnyData)?.type];\n    writer?.(output, schema.inner, value);\n    output.seekTo(beginning + sizeOf(schema));\n    return value;\n  },\n} satisfies CompleteDataWriters as Record<\n  string,\n  (output: ISerialOutput, schema: unknown, value: unknown) => void\n>;\n\nexport function writeData<TData extends wgsl.BaseData>(\n  output: ISerialOutput,\n  schema: TData,\n  value: Infer<TData>,\n): void {\n  const writer = dataWriters[schema.type];\n  if (!writer) {\n    throw new Error(`Cannot write data of type '${schema.type}'.`);\n  }\n\n  writer(output, schema, value);\n}\n\nconst dataReaders = {\n  bool(input: ISerialInput): boolean {\n    return input.readBool();\n  },\n\n  f32(input: ISerialInput): number {\n    return input.readFloat32();\n  },\n\n  f16(input: ISerialInput): number {\n    return input.readFloat16();\n  },\n\n  i32(input: ISerialInput): number {\n    return input.readInt32();\n  },\n\n  u32(input: ISerialInput): number {\n    return input.readUint32();\n  },\n\n  vec2f(input: ISerialInput): wgsl.v2f {\n    return vec2f(input.readFloat32(), input.readFloat32());\n  },\n\n  vec3f(input: ISerialInput): wgsl.v3f {\n    return vec3f(input.readFloat32(), input.readFloat32(), input.readFloat32());\n  },\n\n  vec4f(input: ISerialInput): wgsl.v4f {\n    return vec4f(\n      input.readFloat32(),\n      input.readFloat32(),\n      input.readFloat32(),\n      input.readFloat32(),\n    );\n  },\n\n  vec2h(input): wgsl.v2h {\n    return vec2h(input.readFloat16(), input.readFloat16());\n  },\n\n  vec3h(input: ISerialInput): wgsl.v3h {\n    return vec3h(input.readFloat16(), input.readFloat16(), input.readFloat16());\n  },\n\n  vec4h(input: ISerialInput): wgsl.v4h {\n    return vec4h(\n      input.readFloat16(),\n      input.readFloat16(),\n      input.readFloat16(),\n      input.readFloat16(),\n    );\n  },\n\n  vec2i(input): wgsl.v2i {\n    return vec2i(input.readInt32(), input.readInt32());\n  },\n\n  vec3i(input: ISerialInput): wgsl.v3i {\n    return vec3i(input.readInt32(), input.readInt32(), input.readInt32());\n  },\n\n  vec4i(input: ISerialInput): wgsl.v4i {\n    return vec4i(\n      input.readInt32(),\n      input.readInt32(),\n      input.readInt32(),\n      input.readInt32(),\n    );\n  },\n\n  vec2u(input): wgsl.v2u {\n    return vec2u(input.readUint32(), input.readUint32());\n  },\n\n  vec3u(input: ISerialInput): wgsl.v3u {\n    return vec3u(input.readUint32(), input.readUint32(), input.readUint32());\n  },\n\n  vec4u(input: ISerialInput): wgsl.v4u {\n    return vec4u(\n      input.readUint32(),\n      input.readUint32(),\n      input.readUint32(),\n      input.readUint32(),\n    );\n  },\n\n  mat2x2f(input: ISerialInput): wgsl.m2x2f {\n    return mat2x2f(\n      input.readFloat32(),\n      input.readFloat32(),\n      input.readFloat32(),\n      input.readFloat32(),\n    );\n  },\n\n  mat3x3f(input: ISerialInput): wgsl.m3x3f {\n    const skipOneAfter = () => {\n      const value = input.readFloat32();\n      input.readFloat32(); // skipping;\n      return value;\n    };\n\n    return mat3x3f(\n      input.readFloat32(),\n      input.readFloat32(),\n      skipOneAfter(),\n      //\n      input.readFloat32(),\n      input.readFloat32(),\n      skipOneAfter(),\n      //\n      input.readFloat32(),\n      input.readFloat32(),\n      skipOneAfter(),\n    );\n  },\n\n  mat4x4f(input: ISerialInput): wgsl.m4x4f {\n    return mat4x4f(\n      input.readFloat32(),\n      input.readFloat32(),\n      input.readFloat32(),\n      input.readFloat32(),\n      //\n      input.readFloat32(),\n      input.readFloat32(),\n      input.readFloat32(),\n      input.readFloat32(),\n      //\n      input.readFloat32(),\n      input.readFloat32(),\n      input.readFloat32(),\n      input.readFloat32(),\n      //\n      input.readFloat32(),\n      input.readFloat32(),\n      input.readFloat32(),\n      input.readFloat32(),\n    );\n  },\n\n  struct(input: ISerialInput, schema: WgslStruct) {\n    const alignment = alignmentOf(schema);\n    alignIO(input, alignment);\n    const result = {} as Record<string, unknown>;\n\n    for (const [key, property] of Object.entries(schema.propTypes)) {\n      alignIO(input, alignmentOf(property));\n      result[key] = readData(input, property);\n    }\n\n    alignIO(input, alignment);\n    return result as InferRecord<Record<string, wgsl.BaseData>>;\n  },\n\n  array(input, schema) {\n    if (schema.elementCount === 0) {\n      throw new Error('Cannot read using a runtime-sized schema.');\n    }\n\n    const alignment = alignmentOf(schema);\n    const elements: unknown[] = [];\n\n    for (let i = 0; i < schema.elementCount; i++) {\n      alignIO(input, alignment);\n      const elementType = schema.elementType as wgsl.AnyWgslData;\n      const value = readData(input, elementType);\n      elements.push(value);\n    }\n\n    alignIO(input, alignment);\n    return elements as never[];\n  },\n\n  ptr() {\n    throw new Error('Pointers are not host-shareable');\n  },\n\n  atomic(input, schema: wgsl.Atomic): number {\n    return readData(input, schema.inner);\n  },\n\n  decorated(input, schema: wgsl.Decorated) {\n    const alignment = customAlignmentOf(schema);\n    alignIO(input, alignment);\n\n    const beginning = input.currentByteOffset;\n    const value = readData(input, schema.inner);\n    input.seekTo(beginning + sizeOf(schema));\n    return value as never;\n  },\n\n  // Loose Types\n\n  uint8: (i) => i.readUint8(),\n  uint8x2: (i) => vec2u(i.readUint8(), i.readUint8()),\n  uint8x4: (i) =>\n    vec4u(i.readUint8(), i.readUint8(), i.readUint8(), i.readUint8()),\n  sint8: (i) => i.readInt8(),\n  sint8x2: (i) => {\n    return vec2i(i.readInt8(), i.readInt8());\n  },\n  sint8x4: (i) => vec4i(i.readInt8(), i.readInt8(), i.readInt8(), i.readInt8()),\n  unorm8: (i) => i.readUint8() / 255,\n  unorm8x2: (i) => vec2f(i.readUint8() / 255, i.readUint8() / 255),\n  unorm8x4: (i) =>\n    vec4f(\n      i.readUint8() / 255,\n      i.readUint8() / 255,\n      i.readUint8() / 255,\n      i.readUint8() / 255,\n    ),\n  snorm8: (i) => (i.readUint8() - 128) / 127,\n  snorm8x2: (i) =>\n    vec2f((i.readUint8() - 128) / 127, (i.readUint8() - 128) / 127),\n  snorm8x4: (i) =>\n    vec4f(\n      (i.readUint8() - 128) / 127,\n      (i.readUint8() - 128) / 127,\n      (i.readUint8() - 128) / 127,\n      (i.readUint8() - 128) / 127,\n    ),\n  uint16: (i) => i.readUint16(),\n  uint16x2: (i) => vec2u(i.readUint16(), i.readUint16()),\n  uint16x4: (i) =>\n    vec4u(i.readUint16(), i.readUint16(), i.readUint16(), i.readUint16()),\n  sint16: (i) => i.readInt16(),\n  sint16x2: (i) => vec2i(i.readInt16(), i.readInt16()),\n  sint16x4: (i) =>\n    vec4i(i.readInt16(), i.readInt16(), i.readInt16(), i.readInt16()),\n  unorm16: (i) => i.readUint16() / 65535,\n  unorm16x2: (i) => vec2f(i.readUint16() / 65535, i.readUint16() / 65535),\n  unorm16x4: (i) =>\n    vec4f(\n      i.readUint16() / 65535,\n      i.readUint16() / 65535,\n      i.readUint16() / 65535,\n      i.readUint16() / 65535,\n    ),\n  snorm16: (i) => (i.readUint16() - 32768) / 32767,\n  snorm16x2: (i): wgsl.v2f =>\n    vec2f(dataReaders.snorm16(i), dataReaders.snorm16(i)),\n  snorm16x4: (i): wgsl.v4f =>\n    vec4f(\n      dataReaders.snorm16(i),\n      dataReaders.snorm16(i),\n      dataReaders.snorm16(i),\n      dataReaders.snorm16(i),\n    ),\n  float16(i) {\n    return i.readFloat16();\n  },\n  float16x2: (i) => vec2f(i.readFloat16(), i.readFloat16()),\n  float16x4: (i) =>\n    vec4f(i.readFloat16(), i.readFloat16(), i.readFloat16(), i.readFloat16()),\n  float32: (i) => i.readFloat32(),\n  float32x2: (i) => vec2f(i.readFloat32(), i.readFloat32()),\n  float32x3: (i) => vec3f(i.readFloat32(), i.readFloat32(), i.readFloat32()),\n  float32x4: (i) =>\n    vec4f(i.readFloat32(), i.readFloat32(), i.readFloat32(), i.readFloat32()),\n  uint32: (i) => i.readUint32(),\n  uint32x2: (i) => vec2u(i.readUint32(), i.readUint32()),\n  uint32x3: (i) => vec3u(i.readUint32(), i.readUint32(), i.readUint32()),\n  uint32x4: (i) =>\n    vec4u(i.readUint32(), i.readUint32(), i.readUint32(), i.readUint32()),\n  sint32: (i) => i.readInt32(),\n  sint32x2: (i) => vec2i(i.readInt32(), i.readInt32()),\n  sint32x3: (i) => vec3i(i.readInt32(), i.readInt32(), i.readInt32()),\n  sint32x4: (i) =>\n    vec4i(i.readInt32(), i.readInt32(), i.readInt32(), i.readInt32()),\n  'unorm10-10-10-2'(i) {\n    const packed = i.readUint32();\n    const r = (packed >> 22) / 1023;\n    const g = ((packed >> 12) & 1023) / 1023;\n    const b = ((packed >> 2) & 1023) / 1023;\n    const a = (packed & 3) / 3;\n    return vec4f(r, g, b, a);\n  },\n  'unorm8x4-bgra'(i) {\n    const b = i.readByte() / 255;\n    const g = i.readByte() / 255;\n    const r = i.readByte() / 255;\n    const a = i.readByte() / 255;\n    return vec4f(r, g, b, a);\n  },\n\n  unstruct(input, schema: Unstruct) {\n    const result = {} as Record<string, unknown>;\n\n    for (const [key, property] of Object.entries(schema.propTypes)) {\n      result[key] = readData(input, property);\n    }\n\n    return result as InferRecord<Record<string, wgsl.BaseData>>;\n  },\n\n  disarray(input, schema: Disarray) {\n    const alignment = alignmentOf(schema);\n    const elements: unknown[] = [];\n\n    for (let i = 0; i < schema.elementCount; i++) {\n      alignIO(input, alignment);\n      elements.push(readData(input, schema.elementType));\n    }\n\n    alignIO(input, alignment);\n    return elements;\n  },\n\n  'loose-decorated'(input, schema: LooseDecorated) {\n    alignIO(input, customAlignmentOf(schema));\n\n    const beginning = input.currentByteOffset;\n    const value = readData(input, schema.inner);\n    input.seekTo(beginning + sizeOf(schema));\n    return value;\n  },\n} satisfies CompleteDataReaders;\n\nexport function readData<TData extends wgsl.BaseData>(\n  input: ISerialInput,\n  schema: TData,\n): Infer<TData> {\n  const reader = (dataReaders as Record<string, unknown>)[\n    schema.type\n  ] as DataReader<TData>;\n  if (!reader) {\n    throw new Error(`Cannot read data of type '${schema.type}'.`);\n  }\n\n  return reader(input, schema);\n}\n","import type { Block } from 'tinyest';\nimport { resolveData } from './core/resolve/resolveData';\nimport {\n  type Eventual,\n  type SlotValuePair,\n  type TgpuDerived,\n  type TgpuSlot,\n  isDerived,\n  isProviding,\n  isSlot,\n} from './core/slot/slotTypes';\nimport { isData } from './data';\nimport { getAttributesString } from './data/attributes';\nimport {\n  type AnyWgslData,\n  type BaseData,\n  isWgslArray,\n  isWgslStruct,\n} from './data/wgslTypes';\nimport { MissingSlotValueError, ResolutionError } from './errors';\nimport { RuntimeMode, popMode, provideCtx, pushMode } from './gpuMode';\nimport type { JitTranspiler } from './jitTranspiler';\nimport type { NameRegistry } from './nameRegistry';\nimport { naturalsExcept } from './shared/generators';\nimport type { Infer } from './shared/repr';\nimport { generateFunction } from './smol';\nimport {\n  type TgpuBindGroup,\n  TgpuBindGroupImpl,\n  type TgpuBindGroupLayout,\n  type TgpuLayoutEntry,\n  bindGroupLayout,\n} from './tgpuBindGroupLayout';\nimport type { FnToWgslOptions, ResolutionCtx, Resource, Wgsl } from './types';\nimport { UnknownData, isSelfResolvable, isWgsl } from './types';\n\n/**\n * Inserted into bind group entry definitions that belong\n * to the automatically generated catch-all bind group.\n *\n * A non-occupied group index can only be determined after\n * every resource has been resolved, so this acts as a placeholder\n * to be replaced with an actual numeric index at the very end\n * of the resolution process.\n */\nconst CATCHALL_BIND_GROUP_IDX_MARKER = '#CATCHALL#';\n\nexport type ResolutionCtxImplOptions = {\n  readonly names: NameRegistry;\n  readonly jitTranspiler?: JitTranspiler | undefined;\n};\n\ntype SlotToValueMap = Map<TgpuSlot<unknown>, unknown>;\n\ntype ItemLayer = {\n  type: 'item';\n  usedSlots: Set<TgpuSlot<unknown>>;\n};\n\ntype SlotBindingLayer = {\n  type: 'slotBinding';\n  bindingMap: WeakMap<TgpuSlot<unknown>, unknown>;\n};\n\ntype FunctionScopeLayer = {\n  type: 'functionScope';\n  args: Resource[];\n  externalMap: Record<string, unknown>;\n  returnType: AnyWgslData | undefined;\n};\n\ntype BlockScopeLayer = {\n  type: 'blockScope';\n  declarations: Map<string, AnyWgslData | UnknownData>;\n};\n\nclass ItemStateStack {\n  private _stack: (\n    | ItemLayer\n    | SlotBindingLayer\n    | FunctionScopeLayer\n    | BlockScopeLayer\n  )[] = [];\n  private _itemDepth = 0;\n\n  get itemDepth(): number {\n    return this._itemDepth;\n  }\n\n  get topItem(): ItemLayer {\n    const state = this._stack[this._stack.length - 1];\n    if (!state || state.type !== 'item') {\n      throw new Error('Internal error, expected item layer to be on top.');\n    }\n    return state;\n  }\n\n  pushItem() {\n    this._itemDepth++;\n    this._stack.push({\n      type: 'item',\n      usedSlots: new Set(),\n    });\n  }\n\n  pushSlotBindings(pairs: SlotValuePair<unknown>[]) {\n    this._stack.push({\n      type: 'slotBinding',\n      bindingMap: new WeakMap(pairs),\n    });\n  }\n\n  pushFunctionScope(\n    args: Resource[],\n    returnType: AnyWgslData | undefined,\n    externalMap: Record<string, unknown>,\n  ) {\n    this._stack.push({\n      type: 'functionScope',\n      args,\n      returnType,\n      externalMap,\n    });\n  }\n\n  pushBlockScope() {\n    this._stack.push({\n      type: 'blockScope',\n      declarations: new Map<string, AnyWgslData | UnknownData>(),\n    });\n  }\n\n  popBlockScope() {\n    const layer = this._stack.pop();\n    if (layer?.type !== 'blockScope') {\n      throw new Error('Expected block scope layer to be on top.');\n    }\n  }\n\n  pop() {\n    const layer = this._stack.pop();\n    if (layer?.type === 'item') {\n      this._itemDepth--;\n    }\n  }\n\n  readSlot<T>(slot: TgpuSlot<T>): T | undefined {\n    for (let i = this._stack.length - 1; i >= 0; --i) {\n      const layer = this._stack[i];\n      if (layer?.type === 'item') {\n        // Binding not available yet, so this layer is dependent on the slot's value.\n        layer.usedSlots.add(slot);\n      } else if (layer?.type === 'slotBinding') {\n        const boundValue = layer.bindingMap.get(slot);\n\n        if (boundValue !== undefined) {\n          return boundValue as T;\n        }\n      } else if (\n        layer?.type === 'functionScope' ||\n        layer?.type === 'blockScope'\n      ) {\n        // Skip\n      } else {\n        throw new Error('Unknown layer type.');\n      }\n    }\n\n    return slot.defaultValue;\n  }\n\n  getResourceById(id: string): Resource | undefined {\n    for (let i = this._stack.length - 1; i >= 0; --i) {\n      const layer = this._stack[i];\n\n      if (layer?.type === 'functionScope') {\n        const arg = layer.args.find((a) => a.value === id);\n        if (arg !== undefined) {\n          return arg;\n        }\n\n        const external = layer.externalMap[id];\n        if (external !== undefined) {\n          // TODO: Extract the type of the external value.\n          return { value: external, dataType: UnknownData };\n        }\n\n        // Since functions cannot access resources from the calling scope, we\n        // return early here.\n        return undefined;\n      }\n\n      if (layer?.type === 'blockScope') {\n        const declarationType = layer.declarations.get(id);\n        if (declarationType !== undefined) {\n          return { value: id, dataType: declarationType };\n        }\n      } else {\n        // Skip\n      }\n    }\n\n    return undefined;\n  }\n\n  defineBlockVariable(id: string, type: AnyWgslData | UnknownData): Resource {\n    for (let i = this._stack.length - 1; i >= 0; --i) {\n      const layer = this._stack[i];\n\n      if (layer?.type === 'blockScope') {\n        layer.declarations.set(id, type);\n\n        return { value: id, dataType: type };\n      }\n    }\n\n    throw new Error('No block scope found to define a variable in.');\n  }\n}\n\nconst INDENT = [\n  '', // 0\n  '  ', // 1\n  '    ', // 2\n  '      ', // 3\n  '        ', // 4\n  '          ', // 5\n  '            ', // 6\n  '              ', // 7\n  '                ', // 8\n];\n\nconst N = INDENT.length - 1;\n\nexport class IndentController {\n  private identLevel = 0;\n\n  get pre(): string {\n    return (\n      INDENT[this.identLevel] ??\n      (INDENT[N] as string).repeat(this.identLevel / N) +\n        INDENT[this.identLevel % N]\n    );\n  }\n\n  indent(): string {\n    const str = this.pre;\n    this.identLevel++;\n    return str;\n  }\n\n  dedent(): string {\n    this.identLevel--;\n    return this.pre;\n  }\n}\n\ninterface FixedBindingConfig {\n  layoutEntry: TgpuLayoutEntry;\n  resource: object;\n}\n\nexport class ResolutionCtxImpl implements ResolutionCtx {\n  private readonly _memoizedResolves = new WeakMap<\n    // WeakMap because if the item does not exist anymore,\n    // apart from this map, there is no way to access the cached value anyway.\n    object,\n    { slotToValueMap: SlotToValueMap; result: string }[]\n  >();\n  private readonly _memoizedDerived = new WeakMap<\n    // WeakMap because if the \"derived\" does not exist anymore,\n    // apart from this map, there is no way to access the cached value anyway.\n    TgpuDerived<unknown>,\n    { slotToValueMap: SlotToValueMap; result: unknown }[]\n  >();\n\n  private readonly _indentController = new IndentController();\n  private readonly _jitTranspiler: JitTranspiler | undefined;\n  private readonly _itemStateStack = new ItemStateStack();\n  private readonly _declarations: string[] = [];\n\n  // -- Bindings\n  /**\n   * A map from registered bind group layouts to random strings put in\n   * place of their group index. 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resolveStructProperty(ctx, [prop[0], formatToWGSLType[prop[1].format]])\n      : resolveStructProperty(ctx, prop),\n  )\n  .join('')}\n}\\n`);\n\n  return id;\n}\n\n/**\n * Resolves an array.\n * @param ctx - The resolution context.\n * @param array - The array to resolve.\n *\n * @returns The resolved array name along with its element type and count (if not runtime-sized).\n *\n * @example\n * ```ts\n * resolveArray(ctx, d.arrayOf(d.u32, 0)); // 'array<u32>' (not a real pattern, a function is preferred)\n * resolveArray(ctx, d.arrayOf(d.u32, 5)); // 'array<u32, 5>'\n * ```\n */\nfunction resolveArray(ctx: ResolutionCtx, array: WgslArray) {\n  const element = ctx.resolve(array.elementType as AnyWgslData);\n\n  return array.elementCount === 0\n    ? `array<${element}>`\n    : `array<${element}, ${array.elementCount}>`;\n}\n\nfunction resolveDisarray(ctx: ResolutionCtx, disarray: Disarray) {\n  const element = ctx.resolve(\n    isAttribute(disarray.elementType)\n      ? formatToWGSLType[disarray.elementType.format]\n      : (disarray.elementType as AnyWgslData),\n  );\n\n  return disarray.elementCount === 0\n    ? `array<${element}>`\n    : `array<${element}, ${disarray.elementCount}>`;\n}\n\n/**\n * Resolves a WGSL data-type schema to a string.\n * @param ctx - The resolution context.\n * @param data - The data-type to resolve.\n *\n * @returns The resolved data-type string.\n */\nexport function resolveData(ctx: ResolutionCtx, data: AnyData): string {\n  if (isLooseData(data)) {\n    if (data.type === 'unstruct') {\n      return resolveUnstruct(ctx, data);\n    }\n\n    if (data.type === 'disarray') {\n      return resolveDisarray(ctx, data);\n    }\n\n    if (data.type === 'loose-decorated') {\n      return ctx.resolve(\n        isAttribute(data.inner)\n          ? formatToWGSLType[data.inner.format]\n          : data.inner,\n      );\n    }\n\n    return ctx.resolve(formatToWGSLType[data.type]);\n  }\n\n  if (isIdentityType(data)) {\n    return data.type;\n  }\n\n  if (data.type === 'struct') {\n    return resolveStruct(ctx, data);\n  }\n\n  if (data.type === 'array') {\n    return resolveArray(ctx, data);\n  }\n\n  if (data.type === 'atomic') {\n    return `atomic<${resolveData(ctx, data.inner)}>`;\n  }\n\n  if (data.type === 'decorated') {\n    return ctx.resolve(data.inner as AnyWgslData);\n  }\n\n  if (data.type === 'ptr') {\n    if (data.addressSpace === 'storage') {\n      return `ptr<storage, ${ctx.resolve(data.inner)}, ${data.access === 'read-write' ? 'read_write' : data.access}>`;\n    }\n    return `ptr<${data.addressSpace}, ${ctx.resolve(data.inner)}>`;\n  }\n\n  if (data.type === 'abstractInt' || data.type === 'abstractFloat') {\n    throw new Error('Abstract types have no concrete representation in WGSL');\n  }\n\n  assertExhaustive(data, 'resolveData');\n}\n","import type * as smol from 'tinyest';\nimport * as d from '../data';\nimport * as wgsl from '../data/wgslTypes';\nimport {\n  type ResolutionCtx,\n  type Resource,\n  UnknownData,\n  type Wgsl,\n  isWgsl,\n} from '../types';\nimport {\n  getTypeForIndexAccess,\n  getTypeForPropAccess,\n  getTypeFromWgsl,\n  numericLiteralToResource,\n} from './generationHelpers';\n\nconst parenthesizedOps = [\n  '==',\n  '!=',\n  '<',\n  '<=',\n  '>',\n  '>=',\n  '<<',\n  '>>',\n  '+',\n  '-',\n  '*',\n  '/',\n  '%',\n  '|',\n  '^',\n  '&',\n  '&&',\n  '||',\n];\n\nconst binaryLogicalOps = ['&&', '||', '==', '!=', '<', '<=', '>', '>='];\n\ntype Operator =\n  | smol.BinaryOperator\n  | smol.AssignmentOperator\n  | smol.LogicalOperator\n  | smol.UnaryOperator;\n\nfunction operatorToType<\n  TL extends wgsl.AnyWgslData | UnknownData,\n  TR extends wgsl.AnyWgslData | UnknownData,\n>(lhs: TL, op: Operator, rhs?: TR): TL | TR | wgsl.Bool {\n  if (!rhs) {\n    if (op === '!' || op === '~') {\n      return d.bool;\n    }\n\n    return lhs;\n  }\n\n  if (binaryLogicalOps.includes(op)) {\n    return d.bool;\n  }\n\n  if (op === '=') {\n    return rhs;\n  }\n\n  return lhs;\n}\n\nexport type GenerationCtx = ResolutionCtx & {\n  readonly pre: string;\n  readonly callStack: unknown[];\n  indent(): string;\n  dedent(): string;\n  pushBlockScope(): void;\n  popBlockScope(): void;\n  getById(id: string): Resource | null;\n  defineVariable(\n    id: string,\n    dataType: wgsl.AnyWgslData | UnknownData,\n  ): Resource;\n};\n\nexport function resolveRes(ctx: GenerationCtx, res: Resource): string {\n  if (isWgsl(res.value)) {\n    return ctx.resolve(res.value);\n  }\n\n  return String(res.value);\n}\n\nfunction assertExhaustive(value: never): never {\n  throw new Error(\n    `'${JSON.stringify(value)}' was not handled by the WGSL generator.`,\n  );\n}\n\nexport function generateBoolean(ctx: GenerationCtx, value: boolean): Resource {\n  return { value: value ? 'true' : 'false', dataType: d.bool };\n}\n\nexport function generateBlock(ctx: GenerationCtx, value: smol.Block): string {\n  ctx.pushBlockScope();\n  try {\n    return `${ctx.indent()}{\n${value.b.map((statement) => generateStatement(ctx, statement)).join('\\n')}\n${ctx.dedent()}}`;\n  } finally {\n    ctx.popBlockScope();\n  }\n}\n\nexport function registerBlockVariable(\n  ctx: GenerationCtx,\n  id: string,\n  dataType: wgsl.AnyWgslData | UnknownData,\n): Resource {\n  return ctx.defineVariable(id, dataType);\n}\n\nexport function generateIdentifier(ctx: GenerationCtx, id: string): Resource {\n  const res = ctx.getById(id);\n  if (!res) {\n    throw new Error(`Identifier ${id} not found`);\n  }\n\n  return res;\n}\n\nexport function generateExpression(\n  ctx: GenerationCtx,\n  expression: smol.Expression,\n): Resource {\n  if (typeof expression === 'string') {\n    return generateIdentifier(ctx, expression);\n  }\n  if (typeof expression === 'boolean') {\n    return generateBoolean(ctx, expression);\n  }\n\n  if ('x' in expression) {\n    // Logical/Binary/Assignment Expression\n    const [lhs, op, rhs] = expression.x;\n    const lhsExpr = generateExpression(ctx, lhs);\n    const rhsExpr = generateExpression(ctx, rhs);\n\n    const lhsStr = resolveRes(ctx, lhsExpr);\n    const rhsStr = resolveRes(ctx, rhsExpr);\n    const type = operatorToType(lhsExpr.dataType, op, rhsExpr.dataType);\n\n    return {\n      value: parenthesizedOps.includes(op)\n        ? `(${lhsStr} ${op} ${rhsStr})`\n        : `${lhsStr} ${op} ${rhsStr}`,\n      dataType: type,\n    };\n  }\n\n  if ('p' in expression) {\n    // Update Expression\n    const [op, arg] = expression.p;\n    const argExpr = generateExpression(ctx, arg);\n    const argStr = resolveRes(ctx, argExpr);\n\n    return {\n      value: `${argStr}${op}`,\n      dataType: argExpr.dataType,\n    };\n  }\n\n  if ('u' in expression) {\n    // Unary Expression\n    const [op, arg] = expression.u;\n    const argExpr = generateExpression(ctx, arg);\n    const argStr = resolveRes(ctx, argExpr);\n\n    const type = operatorToType(argExpr.dataType, op);\n    return {\n      value: `${op}${argStr}`,\n      dataType: type,\n    };\n  }\n\n  if ('a' in expression) {\n    // Member Access\n    const [targetId, property] = expression.a;\n    const target = generateExpression(ctx, targetId);\n\n    if (typeof target.value === 'string') {\n      return {\n        value: `${target.value}.${property}`,\n        dataType: getTypeForPropAccess(target.dataType as Wgsl, property),\n      };\n    }\n    // biome-ignore lint/suspicious/noExplicitAny: <sorry TypeScript>\n    const propValue = (target.value as any)[property];\n\n    if (isWgsl(target.value)) {\n      return {\n        value: propValue,\n        dataType: getTypeForPropAccess(target.value as d.AnyWgslData, property),\n      };\n    }\n\n    if (typeof target.value === 'object') {\n      const dataType = isWgsl(propValue)\n        ? getTypeFromWgsl(propValue)\n        : UnknownData;\n\n      return {\n        value: propValue,\n        dataType,\n      };\n    }\n\n    throw new Error(`Cannot access member ${property} of ${target.value}`);\n  }\n\n  if ('i' in expression) {\n    // Index Access\n    const [target, property] = expression.i;\n    const targetExpr = generateExpression(ctx, target);\n    const propertyExpr = generateExpression(ctx, property);\n    const targetStr = resolveRes(ctx, targetExpr);\n    const propertyStr = resolveRes(ctx, propertyExpr);\n\n    return {\n      value: `${targetStr}[${propertyStr}]`,\n      dataType: getTypeForIndexAccess(targetExpr.dataType as d.AnyWgslData),\n    };\n  }\n\n  if ('n' in expression) {\n    // Numeric Literal\n    const type = numericLiteralToResource(expression.n);\n    if (!type) {\n      throw new Error(`Invalid numeric literal ${expression.n}`);\n    }\n    return type;\n  }\n\n  if ('f' in expression) {\n    // Function Call\n    const [callee, args] = expression.f;\n    const id = generateExpression(ctx, callee);\n    const idValue = id.value;\n\n    ctx.callStack.push(idValue);\n\n    const argResources = args.map((arg) => generateExpression(ctx, arg));\n    const resolvedResources = argResources.map((res) => ({\n      value: resolveRes(ctx, res),\n      dataType: res.dataType,\n    }));\n    const argValues = resolvedResources.map((res) => res.value);\n\n    ctx.callStack.pop();\n\n    if (typeof idValue === 'string') {\n      return {\n        value: `${idValue}(${argValues.join(', ')})`,\n        dataType: id.dataType,\n      };\n    }\n\n    if (wgsl.isWgslStruct(idValue)) {\n      const resolvedId = ctx.resolve(idValue);\n\n      return {\n        value: `${resolvedId}(${argValues.join(', ')})`,\n        dataType: id.dataType,\n      };\n    }\n\n    // Assuming that `id` is callable\n    return (idValue as unknown as (...args: unknown[]) => unknown)(\n      ...resolvedResources,\n    ) as Resource;\n  }\n\n  if ('o' in expression) {\n    // Object Literal\n    const obj = expression.o;\n    const callee = ctx.callStack[ctx.callStack.length - 1];\n\n    const generateEntries = (values: smol.Expression[]) =>\n      values\n        .map((value) => {\n          const valueRes = generateExpression(ctx, value);\n          return resolveRes(ctx, valueRes);\n        })\n        .join(', ');\n\n    if (wgsl.isWgslStruct(callee)) {\n      const propKeys = Object.keys(callee.propTypes);\n      const values = propKeys.map((key) => {\n        const val = obj[key];\n        if (val === undefined) {\n          throw new Error(\n            `Missing property ${key} in object literal for struct ${callee}`,\n          );\n        }\n        return val;\n      });\n\n      return {\n        value: generateEntries(values),\n        dataType: callee,\n      };\n    }\n\n    return {\n      value: generateEntries(Object.values(obj)),\n      dataType: UnknownData,\n    };\n  }\n\n  if ('s' in expression) {\n    throw new Error('Cannot use string literals in TGSL.');\n  }\n\n  assertExhaustive(expression);\n}\n\nexport function generateStatement(\n  ctx: GenerationCtx,\n  statement: smol.Statement,\n): string {\n  if (typeof statement === 'string') {\n    return `${ctx.pre}${resolveRes(ctx, generateIdentifier(ctx, statement))};`;\n  }\n\n  if (typeof statement === 'boolean') {\n    return `${ctx.pre}${resolveRes(ctx, generateBoolean(ctx, statement))};`;\n  }\n\n  if ('r' in statement) {\n    // check if the thing at the top of the call stack is a struct and the statement is a plain JS object\n    // if so wrap the value returned in a constructor of the struct (its resolved name)\n    if (\n      wgsl.isWgslStruct(ctx.callStack[ctx.callStack.length - 1]) &&\n      statement.r !== null &&\n      typeof statement.r === 'object' &&\n      'o' in statement.r\n    ) {\n      const resource = resolveRes(ctx, generateExpression(ctx, statement.r));\n      const resolvedStruct = ctx.resolve(\n        ctx.callStack[ctx.callStack.length - 1],\n      );\n      return `${ctx.pre}return ${resolvedStruct}(${resource});`;\n    }\n\n    return statement.r === null\n      ? `${ctx.pre}return;`\n      : `${ctx.pre}return ${resolveRes(\n          ctx,\n          generateExpression(ctx, statement.r),\n        )};`;\n  }\n\n  if ('q' in statement) {\n    const [cond, cons, alt] = statement.q;\n    const condition = resolveRes(ctx, generateExpression(ctx, cond));\n\n    ctx.indent(); // {\n    const consequent = generateStatement(ctx, cons);\n    ctx.dedent(); // }\n\n    ctx.indent(); // {\n    const alternate = alt ? generateStatement(ctx, alt) : undefined;\n    ctx.dedent(); // }\n\n    if (!alternate) {\n      return `\\\n${ctx.pre}if (${condition})\n${consequent}`;\n    }\n\n    return `\\\n${ctx.pre}if (${condition})\n${consequent}\n${ctx.pre}else\n${alternate}`;\n  }\n\n  if ('l' in statement || 'c' in statement) {\n    const [rawId, rawValue] = 'l' in statement ? statement.l : statement.c;\n    const eq = rawValue ? generateExpression(ctx, rawValue) : undefined;\n\n    if (!eq || !rawValue) {\n      throw new Error('Cannot create variable without an initial value.');\n    }\n\n    registerBlockVariable(ctx, rawId, eq.dataType);\n    const id = resolveRes(ctx, generateIdentifier(ctx, rawId));\n\n    // If the value is a plain JS object it has to be an output struct\n    if (\n      typeof rawValue === 'object' &&\n      'o' in rawValue &&\n      wgsl.isWgslStruct(ctx.callStack[ctx.callStack.length - 1])\n    ) {\n      const resolvedStruct = ctx.resolve(\n        ctx.callStack[ctx.callStack.length - 1],\n      );\n      return `${ctx.pre}var ${id} = ${resolvedStruct}(${resolveRes(ctx, eq)});`;\n    }\n\n    return `${ctx.pre}var ${id} = ${resolveRes(ctx, eq)};`;\n  }\n\n  if ('b' in statement) {\n    ctx.pushBlockScope();\n    try {\n      return generateBlock(ctx, statement);\n    } finally {\n      ctx.popBlockScope();\n    }\n  }\n\n  // 'j' stands for for (trust me)\n  if ('j' in statement) {\n    const [init, condition, update, body] = statement.j;\n\n    const initStatement = init ? generateStatement(ctx, init) : undefined;\n    const initStr = initStatement ? initStatement.slice(0, -1) : '';\n\n    const conditionExpr = condition\n      ? generateExpression(ctx, condition)\n      : undefined;\n    const conditionStr = conditionExpr ? resolveRes(ctx, conditionExpr) : '';\n\n    const updateStatement = update ? generateStatement(ctx, update) : undefined;\n    const updateStr = updateStatement ? updateStatement.slice(0, -1) : '';\n\n    ctx.indent();\n    const bodyStr = generateStatement(ctx, body);\n    ctx.dedent();\n\n    return `\\\n${ctx.pre}for (${initStr}; ${conditionStr}; ${updateStr})\n${bodyStr}`;\n  }\n\n  if ('w' in statement) {\n    const [condition, body] = statement.w;\n    const conditionStr = resolveRes(ctx, generateExpression(ctx, condition));\n\n    ctx.indent();\n    const bodyStr = generateStatement(ctx, body);\n    ctx.dedent();\n\n    return `\\\n${ctx.pre}while (${conditionStr})\n${bodyStr}`;\n  }\n\n  if ('k' in statement) {\n    return `${ctx.pre}continue;`;\n  }\n\n  if ('d' in statement) {\n    return `${ctx.pre}break;`;\n  }\n\n  return `${ctx.pre}${resolveRes(ctx, generateExpression(ctx, statement))};`;\n}\n\nexport function generateFunction(ctx: GenerationCtx, body: smol.Block): string {\n  return generateBlock(ctx, body);\n}\n","import { roundUp } from '../mathUtils';\nimport type { Infer } from '../shared/repr';\nimport { alignmentOf } from './alignmentOf';\nimport { isDisarray, isUnstruct } from './dataTypes';\nimport { offsetsForProps } from './offsets';\nimport { sizeOf } from './sizeOf';\nimport * as wgsl from './wgslTypes';\n\nexport const EVAL_ALLOWED_IN_ENV: boolean = (() => {\n  try {\n    new Function('return true');\n    return true;\n  } catch {\n    return false;\n  }\n})();\n\nconst compiledWriters = new WeakMap<\n  wgsl.BaseData,\n  (\n    output: DataView,\n    offset: number,\n    value: unknown,\n    littleEndian?: boolean,\n  ) => void\n>();\n\nconst typeToPrimitive = {\n  u32: 'u32',\n  vec2u: 'u32',\n  vec3u: 'u32',\n  vec4u: 'u32',\n\n  i32: 'i32',\n  vec2i: 'i32',\n  vec3i: 'i32',\n  vec4i: 'i32',\n\n  f32: 'f32',\n  vec2f: 'f32',\n  vec3f: 'f32',\n  vec4f: 'f32',\n\n  vec2h: 'f32',\n  vec3h: 'f32',\n  vec4h: 'f32',\n\n  mat2x2f: 'f32',\n  mat3x3f: 'f32',\n  mat4x4f: 'f32',\n} as const;\n\nconst primitiveToWriteFunction = {\n  u32: 'setUint32',\n  i32: 'setInt32',\n  f32: 'setFloat32',\n} as const;\n\nexport function buildWriter(\n  node: wgsl.BaseData,\n  offsetExpr: string,\n  valueExpr: string,\n): string {\n  if (wgsl.isWgslStruct(node) || isUnstruct(node)) {\n    const propOffsets = offsetsForProps(node);\n    const sortedProps = Object.entries(propOffsets).sort(\n      (a, b) => a[1].offset - b[1].offset,\n    );\n    let code = '';\n    for (const [key, propOffset] of sortedProps) {\n      const subSchema = node.propTypes[key];\n      if (!subSchema) continue;\n      code += buildWriter(\n        subSchema,\n        `(${offsetExpr} + ${propOffset.offset})`,\n        `${valueExpr}.${key}`,\n      );\n    }\n    return code;\n  }\n\n  if (wgsl.isWgslArray(node) || isDisarray(node)) {\n    const arrSchema = node as wgsl.WgslArray;\n    const elementSize = roundUp(\n      sizeOf(arrSchema.elementType),\n      alignmentOf(arrSchema.elementType),\n    );\n    let code = '';\n\n    code += `for (let i = 0; i < ${arrSchema.elementCount}; i++) {\\n`;\n    code += buildWriter(\n      arrSchema.elementType,\n      `(${offsetExpr} + i * ${elementSize})`,\n      `${valueExpr}[i]`,\n    );\n    code += '}\\n';\n\n    return code;\n  }\n\n  if (wgsl.isVec(node)) {\n    const primitive = typeToPrimitive[node.type];\n    let code = '';\n    const writeFunc = primitiveToWriteFunction[primitive];\n    const components = ['x', 'y', 'z', 'w'];\n    const count = wgsl.isVec2(node) ? 2 : wgsl.isVec3(node) ? 3 : 4;\n\n    for (let i = 0; i < count; i++) {\n      code += `output.${writeFunc}((${offsetExpr} + ${i * 4}), ${valueExpr}.${components[i]}, littleEndian);\\n`;\n    }\n    return code;\n  }\n\n  if (wgsl.isMat(node)) {\n    const primitive = typeToPrimitive[node.type];\n    const writeFunc = primitiveToWriteFunction[primitive];\n\n    const matSize = wgsl.isMat2x2f(node) ? 2 : wgsl.isMat3x3f(node) ? 3 : 4;\n    const elementCount = matSize * matSize;\n    const rowStride = roundUp(matSize * 4, 8);\n\n    let code = '';\n    for (let i = 0; i < elementCount; i++) {\n      const colIndex = Math.floor(i / matSize);\n      const rowIndex = i % matSize;\n      const byteOffset = colIndex * rowStride + rowIndex * 4;\n\n      code += `output.${writeFunc}((${offsetExpr} + ${byteOffset}), ${valueExpr}.columns[${colIndex}].${['x', 'y', 'z', 'w'][rowIndex]}, littleEndian);\\n`;\n    }\n\n    return code;\n  }\n\n  const primitive = typeToPrimitive[node.type as keyof typeof typeToPrimitive];\n  return `output.${primitiveToWriteFunction[primitive]}(${offsetExpr}, ${valueExpr}, littleEndian);\\n`;\n}\n\nexport function getCompiledWriterForSchema<T extends wgsl.BaseData>(\n  schema: T,\n): (\n  output: DataView,\n  offset: number,\n  value: Infer<T>,\n  littleEndian?: boolean,\n) => void {\n  if (compiledWriters.has(schema)) {\n    return compiledWriters.get(schema) as (\n      output: DataView,\n      offset: number,\n      value: Infer<T>,\n      littleEndian?: boolean,\n    ) => void;\n  }\n\n  const body = buildWriter(schema, 'offset', 'value');\n\n  const fn = new Function(\n    'output',\n    'offset',\n    'value',\n    'littleEndian=true',\n    body,\n  ) as (\n    output: DataView,\n    offset: number,\n    value: Infer<T> | unknown,\n    littleEndian?: boolean,\n  ) => void;\n\n  compiledWriters.set(schema, fn);\n\n  return fn;\n}\n","import type { ISerialInput, ISerialOutput } from 'typed-binary';\nimport type { Infer, InferRecord } from '../shared/repr';\nimport alignIO from './alignIO';\nimport { alignmentOf, customAlignmentOf } from './alignmentOf';\nimport type {\n  AnyConcreteData,\n  AnyData,\n  Disarray,\n  LooseDecorated,\n  Unstruct,\n} from './dataTypes';\nimport { mat2x2f, mat3x3f, mat4x4f } from './matrix';\nimport { sizeOf } from './sizeOf';\nimport type { WgslStruct } from './struct';\nimport {\n  vec2f,\n  vec2h,\n  vec2i,\n  vec2u,\n  vec3f,\n  vec3h,\n  vec3i,\n  vec3u,\n  vec4f,\n  vec4h,\n  vec4i,\n  vec4u,\n} from './vector';\nimport type * as wgsl from './wgslTypes';\n\ntype DataWriter<TSchema extends wgsl.BaseData> = (\n  output: ISerialOutput,\n  schema: TSchema,\n  value: Infer<TSchema>,\n) => void;\n\ntype DataReader<TSchema extends wgsl.BaseData> = (\n  input: ISerialInput,\n  schema: TSchema,\n) => Infer<TSchema>;\n\ntype CompleteDataWriters = {\n  [TType in AnyConcreteData['type']]: DataWriter<\n    Extract<AnyData, { readonly type: TType }>\n  >;\n};\n\ntype CompleteDataReaders = {\n  [TType in AnyConcreteData['type']]: DataReader<\n    Extract<AnyData, { readonly type: TType }>\n  >;\n};\n\nconst dataWriters = {\n  bool(output, _schema: wgsl.Bool, value: boolean) {\n    output.writeBool(value);\n  },\n\n  f32(output, _schema: wgsl.F32, value: number) {\n    output.writeFloat32(value);\n  },\n\n  f16(output, _schema: wgsl.F16, value: number) {\n    output.writeFloat16(value);\n  },\n\n  i32(output, _schema: wgsl.I32, value: number) {\n    output.writeInt32(value);\n  },\n\n  u32(output, _schema: wgsl.U32, value: number) {\n    output.writeUint32(value);\n  },\n\n  vec2f(output, _, value: wgsl.v2f) {\n    output.writeFloat32(value.x);\n    output.writeFloat32(value.y);\n  },\n\n  vec2h(output, _, value: wgsl.v2h) {\n    output.writeFloat16(value.x);\n    output.writeFloat16(value.y);\n  },\n\n  vec2i(output, _, value: wgsl.v2i) {\n    output.writeInt32(value.x);\n    output.writeInt32(value.y);\n  },\n\n  vec2u(output, _, value: wgsl.v2u) {\n    output.writeUint32(value.x);\n    output.writeUint32(value.y);\n  },\n\n  vec3f(output, _, value: wgsl.v3f) {\n    output.writeFloat32(value.x);\n    output.writeFloat32(value.y);\n    output.writeFloat32(value.z);\n  },\n\n  vec3h(output, _, value: wgsl.v3h) {\n    output.writeFloat16(value.x);\n    output.writeFloat16(value.y);\n    output.writeFloat16(value.z);\n  },\n\n  vec3i(output, _, value: wgsl.v3i) {\n    output.writeInt32(value.x);\n    output.writeInt32(value.y);\n    output.writeInt32(value.z);\n  },\n\n  vec3u(output, _, value: wgsl.v3u) {\n    output.writeUint32(value.x);\n    output.writeUint32(value.y);\n    output.writeUint32(value.z);\n  },\n\n  vec4f(output, _, value: wgsl.v4f) {\n    output.writeFloat32(value.x);\n    output.writeFloat32(value.y);\n    output.writeFloat32(value.z);\n    output.writeFloat32(value.w);\n  },\n\n  vec4h(output, _, value: wgsl.v4h) {\n    output.writeFloat16(value.x);\n    output.writeFloat16(value.y);\n    output.writeFloat16(value.z);\n    output.writeFloat16(value.w);\n  },\n\n  vec4i(output, _, value: wgsl.v4i) {\n    output.writeInt32(value.x);\n    output.writeInt32(value.y);\n    output.writeInt32(value.z);\n    output.writeInt32(value.w);\n  },\n\n  vec4u(output, _, value: wgsl.v4u) {\n    output.writeUint32(value.x);\n    output.writeUint32(value.y);\n    output.writeUint32(value.z);\n    output.writeUint32(value.w);\n  },\n\n  mat2x2f(output, _, value: wgsl.m2x2f) {\n    for (let i = 0; i < value.length; ++i) {\n      output.writeFloat32(value[i] as number);\n    }\n  },\n\n  mat3x3f(output, _, value: wgsl.m3x3f) {\n    for (let i = 0; i < value.length; ++i) {\n      output.writeFloat32(value[i] as number);\n    }\n  },\n\n  mat4x4f(output, _, value: wgsl.m4x4f) {\n    for (let i = 0; i < value.length; ++i) {\n      output.writeFloat32(value[i] as number);\n    }\n  },\n\n  struct(\n    output,\n    schema: WgslStruct,\n    value: InferRecord<Record<string, wgsl.BaseData>>,\n  ) {\n    const alignment = alignmentOf(schema);\n    alignIO(output, alignment);\n\n    for (const [key, property] of Object.entries(schema.propTypes)) {\n      alignIO(output, alignmentOf(property));\n      writeData(output, property, value[key] as wgsl.BaseData);\n    }\n\n    alignIO(output, alignment);\n  },\n\n  array(output, schema: wgsl.WgslArray, value: Infer<wgsl.BaseData>[]) {\n    if (schema.elementCount === 0) {\n      throw new Error('Cannot write using a runtime-sized schema.');\n    }\n\n    const alignment = alignmentOf(schema);\n    alignIO(output, alignment);\n    const beginning = output.currentByteOffset;\n    for (let i = 0; i < Math.min(schema.elementCount, value.length); i++) {\n      alignIO(output, alignment);\n      writeData(output, schema.elementType, value[i]);\n    }\n    output.seekTo(beginning + sizeOf(schema));\n  },\n\n  ptr() {\n    throw new Error('Pointers are not host-shareable');\n  },\n\n  atomic(output, schema: wgsl.Atomic, value: number) {\n    dataWriters[schema.inner.type]?.(output, schema, value);\n  },\n\n  decorated(output, schema: wgsl.Decorated, value: unknown) {\n    const alignment = customAlignmentOf(schema);\n    alignIO(output, alignment);\n\n    const beginning = output.currentByteOffset;\n    dataWriters[(schema.inner as AnyData)?.type]?.(output, schema.inner, value);\n    output.seekTo(beginning + sizeOf(schema));\n  },\n\n  // Loose Types\n\n  uint8(output, _, value: number) {\n    output.writeUint8(value);\n  },\n  uint8x2(output, _, value: wgsl.v2u) {\n    output.writeUint8(value.x);\n    output.writeUint8(value.y);\n  },\n  uint8x4(output, _, value: wgsl.v4u) {\n    output.writeUint8(value.x);\n    output.writeUint8(value.y);\n    output.writeUint8(value.z);\n    output.writeUint8(value.w);\n  },\n  sint8(output, _, value: number) {\n    output.writeInt8(value);\n  },\n  sint8x2(output, _, value: wgsl.v2i) {\n    output.writeInt8(value.x);\n    output.writeInt8(value.y);\n  },\n  sint8x4(output, _, value: wgsl.v4i) {\n    output.writeInt8(value.x);\n    output.writeInt8(value.y);\n    output.writeInt8(value.z);\n    output.writeInt8(value.w);\n  },\n  unorm8(output, _, value: number) {\n    output.writeUint8(value * 255);\n  },\n  unorm8x2(output, _, value: wgsl.v2f) {\n    output.writeUint8(value.x * 255);\n    output.writeUint8(value.y * 255);\n  },\n  unorm8x4(output, _, value: wgsl.v4f) {\n    output.writeUint8(value.x * 255);\n    output.writeUint8(value.y * 255);\n    output.writeUint8(value.z * 255);\n    output.writeUint8(value.w * 255);\n  },\n  snorm8(output, _, value: number) {\n    output.writeUint8(value * 127 + 128);\n  },\n  snorm8x2(output, _, value: wgsl.v2f) {\n    output.writeUint8(value.x * 127 + 128);\n    output.writeUint8(value.y * 127 + 128);\n  },\n  snorm8x4(output, _, value: wgsl.v4f) {\n    output.writeUint8(value.x * 127 + 128);\n    output.writeUint8(value.y * 127 + 128);\n    output.writeUint8(value.z * 127 + 128);\n    output.writeUint8(value.w * 127 + 128);\n  },\n  uint16(output, _, value: number) {\n    output.writeUint16(value);\n  },\n  uint16x2(output, _, value: wgsl.v2u) {\n    output.writeUint16(value.x);\n    output.writeUint16(value.y);\n  },\n  uint16x4(output, _, value: wgsl.v4u) {\n    output.writeUint16(value.x);\n    output.writeUint16(value.y);\n    output.writeUint16(value.z);\n    output.writeUint16(value.w);\n  },\n  sint16(output, _, value: number) {\n    output.writeInt16(value);\n  },\n  sint16x2(output, _, value: wgsl.v2i) {\n    output.writeInt16(value.x);\n    output.writeInt16(value.y);\n  },\n  sint16x4(output, _, value: wgsl.v4i) {\n    output.writeInt16(value.x);\n    output.writeInt16(value.y);\n    output.writeInt16(value.z);\n    output.writeInt16(value.w);\n  },\n  unorm16(output, _, value: number) {\n    output.writeUint16(value * 65535);\n  },\n  unorm16x2(output, _, value: wgsl.v2f) {\n    output.writeUint16(value.x * 65535);\n    output.writeUint16(value.y * 65535);\n  },\n  unorm16x4(output, _, value: wgsl.v4f) {\n    output.writeUint16(value.x * 65535);\n    output.writeUint16(value.y * 65535);\n    output.writeUint16(value.z * 65535);\n    output.writeUint16(value.w * 65535);\n  },\n  snorm16(output, _, value: number) {\n    output.writeUint16(value * 32767 + 32768);\n  },\n  snorm16x2(output, _, value: wgsl.v2f) {\n    output.writeUint16(value.x * 32767 + 32768);\n    output.writeUint16(value.y * 32767 + 32768);\n  },\n  snorm16x4(output, _, value: wgsl.v4f) {\n    output.writeUint16(value.x * 32767 + 32768);\n    output.writeUint16(value.y * 32767 + 32768);\n    output.writeUint16(value.z * 32767 + 32768);\n    output.writeUint16(value.w * 32767 + 32768);\n  },\n  float16(output, _, value: number) {\n    output.writeFloat16(value);\n  },\n  float16x2(output, _, value: wgsl.v2f) {\n    output.writeFloat16(value.x);\n    output.writeFloat16(value.y);\n  },\n  float16x4(output, _, value: wgsl.v4f) {\n    output.writeFloat16(value.x);\n    output.writeFloat16(value.y);\n    output.writeFloat16(value.z);\n    output.writeFloat16(value.w);\n  },\n  float32(output, _, value: number) {\n    output.writeFloat32(value);\n  },\n  float32x2(output, _, value: wgsl.v2f) {\n    output.writeFloat32(value.x);\n    output.writeFloat32(value.y);\n  },\n  float32x3(output, _, value: wgsl.v3f) {\n    output.writeFloat32(value.x);\n    output.writeFloat32(value.y);\n    output.writeFloat32(value.z);\n  },\n  float32x4(output, _, value: wgsl.v4f) {\n    output.writeFloat32(value.x);\n    output.writeFloat32(value.y);\n    output.writeFloat32(value.z);\n    output.writeFloat32(value.w);\n  },\n  uint32(output, _, value: number) {\n    output.writeUint32(value);\n  },\n  uint32x2(output, _, value: wgsl.v2u) {\n    output.writeUint32(value.x);\n    output.writeUint32(value.y);\n  },\n  uint32x3(output, _, value: wgsl.v3u) {\n    output.writeUint32(value.x);\n    output.writeUint32(value.y);\n    output.writeUint32(value.z);\n  },\n  uint32x4(output, _, value: wgsl.v4u) {\n    output.writeUint32(value.x);\n    output.writeUint32(value.y);\n    output.writeUint32(value.z);\n    output.writeUint32(value.w);\n  },\n  sint32(output, _, value: number) {\n    output.writeInt32(value);\n  },\n  sint32x2(output, _, value: wgsl.v2i) {\n    output.writeInt32(value.x);\n    output.writeInt32(value.y);\n  },\n  sint32x3(output, _, value: wgsl.v3i) {\n    output.writeInt32(value.x);\n    output.writeInt32(value.y);\n    output.writeInt32(value.z);\n  },\n  sint32x4(output, _, value: wgsl.v4i) {\n    output.writeInt32(value.x);\n    output.writeInt32(value.y);\n    output.writeInt32(value.z);\n    output.writeInt32(value.w);\n  },\n  'unorm10-10-10-2'(output, _, value: wgsl.v4f) {\n    let packed = 0;\n    packed |= ((value.x * 1023) & 1023) << 22; // r (10 bits)\n    packed |= ((value.x * 1023) & 1023) << 12; // g (10 bits)\n    packed |= ((value.y * 1023) & 1023) << 2; // b (10 bits)\n    packed |= (value.z * 3) & 3; // a (2 bits)\n    output.writeUint32(packed);\n  },\n  'unorm8x4-bgra'(output, _, value: wgsl.v4f) {\n    output.writeUint8(value.z * 255);\n    output.writeUint8(value.y * 255);\n    output.writeUint8(value.x * 255);\n    output.writeUint8(value.w * 255);\n  },\n\n  disarray(output, schema: Disarray, value: unknown[]) {\n    const alignment = alignmentOf(schema);\n\n    alignIO(output, alignment);\n    const beginning = output.currentByteOffset;\n    for (let i = 0; i < Math.min(schema.elementCount, value.length); i++) {\n      alignIO(output, alignment);\n      dataWriters[(schema.elementType as AnyData)?.type]?.(\n        output,\n        schema.elementType,\n        value[i],\n      );\n    }\n\n    output.seekTo(beginning + sizeOf(schema));\n  },\n\n  unstruct(output, schema: Unstruct, value) {\n    for (const [key, property] of Object.entries(schema.propTypes)) {\n      dataWriters[property.type]?.(output, property, value[key]);\n    }\n  },\n\n  'loose-decorated'(output, schema: LooseDecorated, value: unknown) {\n    const alignment = customAlignmentOf(schema);\n    alignIO(output, alignment);\n\n    const beginning = output.currentByteOffset;\n    const writer = dataWriters[(schema.inner as AnyData)?.type];\n    writer?.(output, schema.inner, value);\n    output.seekTo(beginning + sizeOf(schema));\n    return value;\n  },\n} satisfies CompleteDataWriters as Record<\n  string,\n  (output: ISerialOutput, schema: unknown, value: unknown) => void\n>;\n\nexport function writeData<TData extends wgsl.BaseData>(\n  output: ISerialOutput,\n  schema: TData,\n  value: Infer<TData>,\n): void {\n  const writer = dataWriters[schema.type];\n  if (!writer) {\n    throw new Error(`Cannot write data of type '${schema.type}'.`);\n  }\n\n  writer(output, schema, value);\n}\n\nconst dataReaders = {\n  bool(input: ISerialInput): boolean {\n    return input.readBool();\n  },\n\n  f32(input: ISerialInput): number {\n    return input.readFloat32();\n  },\n\n  f16(input: ISerialInput): number {\n    return input.readFloat16();\n  },\n\n  i32(input: ISerialInput): number {\n    return input.readInt32();\n  },\n\n  u32(input: ISerialInput): number {\n    return input.readUint32();\n  },\n\n  vec2f(input: ISerialInput): wgsl.v2f {\n    return vec2f(input.readFloat32(), input.readFloat32());\n  },\n\n  vec3f(input: ISerialInput): wgsl.v3f {\n    return vec3f(input.readFloat32(), input.readFloat32(), input.readFloat32());\n  },\n\n  vec4f(input: ISerialInput): wgsl.v4f {\n    return vec4f(\n      input.readFloat32(),\n      input.readFloat32(),\n      input.readFloat32(),\n      input.readFloat32(),\n    );\n  },\n\n  vec2h(input): wgsl.v2h {\n    return vec2h(input.readFloat16(), input.readFloat16());\n  },\n\n  vec3h(input: ISerialInput): wgsl.v3h {\n    return vec3h(input.readFloat16(), input.readFloat16(), input.readFloat16());\n  },\n\n  vec4h(input: ISerialInput): wgsl.v4h {\n    return vec4h(\n      input.readFloat16(),\n      input.readFloat16(),\n      input.readFloat16(),\n      input.readFloat16(),\n    );\n  },\n\n  vec2i(input): wgsl.v2i {\n    return vec2i(input.readInt32(), input.readInt32());\n  },\n\n  vec3i(input: ISerialInput): wgsl.v3i {\n    return vec3i(input.readInt32(), input.readInt32(), input.readInt32());\n  },\n\n  vec4i(input: ISerialInput): wgsl.v4i {\n    return vec4i(\n      input.readInt32(),\n      input.readInt32(),\n      input.readInt32(),\n      input.readInt32(),\n    );\n  },\n\n  vec2u(input): wgsl.v2u {\n    return vec2u(input.readUint32(), input.readUint32());\n  },\n\n  vec3u(input: ISerialInput): wgsl.v3u {\n    return vec3u(input.readUint32(), input.readUint32(), input.readUint32());\n  },\n\n  vec4u(input: ISerialInput): wgsl.v4u {\n    return vec4u(\n      input.readUint32(),\n      input.readUint32(),\n      input.readUint32(),\n      input.readUint32(),\n    );\n  },\n\n  mat2x2f(input: ISerialInput): wgsl.m2x2f {\n    return mat2x2f(\n      input.readFloat32(),\n      input.readFloat32(),\n      input.readFloat32(),\n      input.readFloat32(),\n    );\n  },\n\n  mat3x3f(input: ISerialInput): wgsl.m3x3f {\n    const skipOneAfter = () => {\n      const value = input.readFloat32();\n      input.readFloat32(); // skipping;\n      return value;\n    };\n\n    return mat3x3f(\n      input.readFloat32(),\n      input.readFloat32(),\n      skipOneAfter(),\n      //\n      input.readFloat32(),\n      input.readFloat32(),\n      skipOneAfter(),\n      //\n      input.readFloat32(),\n      input.readFloat32(),\n      skipOneAfter(),\n    );\n  },\n\n  mat4x4f(input: ISerialInput): wgsl.m4x4f {\n    return mat4x4f(\n      input.readFloat32(),\n      input.readFloat32(),\n      input.readFloat32(),\n      input.readFloat32(),\n      //\n      input.readFloat32(),\n      input.readFloat32(),\n      input.readFloat32(),\n      input.readFloat32(),\n      //\n      input.readFloat32(),\n      input.readFloat32(),\n      input.readFloat32(),\n      input.readFloat32(),\n      //\n      input.readFloat32(),\n      input.readFloat32(),\n      input.readFloat32(),\n      input.readFloat32(),\n    );\n  },\n\n  struct(input: ISerialInput, schema: WgslStruct) {\n    const alignment = alignmentOf(schema);\n    alignIO(input, alignment);\n    const result = {} as Record<string, unknown>;\n\n    for (const [key, property] of Object.entries(schema.propTypes)) {\n      alignIO(input, alignmentOf(property));\n      result[key] = readData(input, property);\n    }\n\n    alignIO(input, alignment);\n    return result as InferRecord<Record<string, wgsl.BaseData>>;\n  },\n\n  array(input, schema) {\n    if (schema.elementCount === 0) {\n      throw new Error('Cannot read using a runtime-sized schema.');\n    }\n\n    const alignment = alignmentOf(schema);\n    const elements: unknown[] = [];\n\n    for (let i = 0; i < schema.elementCount; i++) {\n      alignIO(input, alignment);\n      const elementType = schema.elementType as wgsl.AnyWgslData;\n      const value = readData(input, elementType);\n      elements.push(value);\n    }\n\n    alignIO(input, alignment);\n    return elements as never[];\n  },\n\n  ptr() {\n    throw new Error('Pointers are not host-shareable');\n  },\n\n  atomic(input, schema: wgsl.Atomic): number {\n    return readData(input, schema.inner);\n  },\n\n  decorated(input, schema: wgsl.Decorated) {\n    const alignment = customAlignmentOf(schema);\n    alignIO(input, alignment);\n\n    const beginning = input.currentByteOffset;\n    const value = readData(input, schema.inner);\n    input.seekTo(beginning + sizeOf(schema));\n    return value as never;\n  },\n\n  // Loose Types\n\n  uint8: (i) => i.readUint8(),\n  uint8x2: (i) => vec2u(i.readUint8(), i.readUint8()),\n  uint8x4: (i) =>\n    vec4u(i.readUint8(), i.readUint8(), i.readUint8(), i.readUint8()),\n  sint8: (i) => i.readInt8(),\n  sint8x2: (i) => {\n    return vec2i(i.readInt8(), i.readInt8());\n  },\n  sint8x4: (i) => vec4i(i.readInt8(), i.readInt8(), i.readInt8(), i.readInt8()),\n  unorm8: (i) => i.readUint8() / 255,\n  unorm8x2: (i) => vec2f(i.readUint8() / 255, i.readUint8() / 255),\n  unorm8x4: (i) =>\n    vec4f(\n      i.readUint8() / 255,\n      i.readUint8() / 255,\n      i.readUint8() / 255,\n      i.readUint8() / 255,\n    ),\n  snorm8: (i) => (i.readUint8() - 128) / 127,\n  snorm8x2: (i) =>\n    vec2f((i.readUint8() - 128) / 127, (i.readUint8() - 128) / 127),\n  snorm8x4: (i) =>\n    vec4f(\n      (i.readUint8() - 128) / 127,\n      (i.readUint8() - 128) / 127,\n      (i.readUint8() - 128) / 127,\n      (i.readUint8() - 128) / 127,\n    ),\n  uint16: (i) => i.readUint16(),\n  uint16x2: (i) => vec2u(i.readUint16(), i.readUint16()),\n  uint16x4: (i) =>\n    vec4u(i.readUint16(), i.readUint16(), i.readUint16(), i.readUint16()),\n  sint16: (i) => i.readInt16(),\n  sint16x2: (i) => vec2i(i.readInt16(), i.readInt16()),\n  sint16x4: (i) =>\n    vec4i(i.readInt16(), i.readInt16(), i.readInt16(), i.readInt16()),\n  unorm16: (i) => i.readUint16() / 65535,\n  unorm16x2: (i) => vec2f(i.readUint16() / 65535, i.readUint16() / 65535),\n  unorm16x4: (i) =>\n    vec4f(\n      i.readUint16() / 65535,\n      i.readUint16() / 65535,\n      i.readUint16() / 65535,\n      i.readUint16() / 65535,\n    ),\n  snorm16: (i) => (i.readUint16() - 32768) / 32767,\n  snorm16x2: (i): wgsl.v2f =>\n    vec2f(dataReaders.snorm16(i), dataReaders.snorm16(i)),\n  snorm16x4: (i): wgsl.v4f =>\n    vec4f(\n      dataReaders.snorm16(i),\n      dataReaders.snorm16(i),\n      dataReaders.snorm16(i),\n      dataReaders.snorm16(i),\n    ),\n  float16(i) {\n    return i.readFloat16();\n  },\n  float16x2: (i) => vec2f(i.readFloat16(), i.readFloat16()),\n  float16x4: (i) =>\n    vec4f(i.readFloat16(), i.readFloat16(), i.readFloat16(), i.readFloat16()),\n  float32: (i) => i.readFloat32(),\n  float32x2: (i) => vec2f(i.readFloat32(), i.readFloat32()),\n  float32x3: (i) => vec3f(i.readFloat32(), i.readFloat32(), i.readFloat32()),\n  float32x4: (i) =>\n    vec4f(i.readFloat32(), i.readFloat32(), i.readFloat32(), i.readFloat32()),\n  uint32: (i) => i.readUint32(),\n  uint32x2: (i) => vec2u(i.readUint32(), i.readUint32()),\n  uint32x3: (i) => vec3u(i.readUint32(), i.readUint32(), i.readUint32()),\n  uint32x4: (i) =>\n    vec4u(i.readUint32(), i.readUint32(), i.readUint32(), i.readUint32()),\n  sint32: (i) => i.readInt32(),\n  sint32x2: (i) => vec2i(i.readInt32(), i.readInt32()),\n  sint32x3: (i) => vec3i(i.readInt32(), i.readInt32(), i.readInt32()),\n  sint32x4: (i) =>\n    vec4i(i.readInt32(), i.readInt32(), i.readInt32(), i.readInt32()),\n  'unorm10-10-10-2'(i) {\n    const packed = i.readUint32();\n    const r = (packed >> 22) / 1023;\n    const g = ((packed >> 12) & 1023) / 1023;\n    const b = ((packed >> 2) & 1023) / 1023;\n    const a = (packed & 3) / 3;\n    return vec4f(r, g, b, a);\n  },\n  'unorm8x4-bgra'(i) {\n    const b = i.readByte() / 255;\n    const g = i.readByte() / 255;\n    const r = i.readByte() / 255;\n    const a = i.readByte() / 255;\n    return vec4f(r, g, b, a);\n  },\n\n  unstruct(input, schema: Unstruct) {\n    const result = {} as Record<string, unknown>;\n\n    for (const [key, property] of Object.entries(schema.propTypes)) {\n      result[key] = readData(input, property);\n    }\n\n    return result as InferRecord<Record<string, wgsl.BaseData>>;\n  },\n\n  disarray(input, schema: Disarray) {\n    const alignment = alignmentOf(schema);\n    const elements: unknown[] = [];\n\n    for (let i = 0; i < schema.elementCount; i++) {\n      alignIO(input, alignment);\n      elements.push(readData(input, schema.elementType));\n    }\n\n    alignIO(input, alignment);\n    return elements;\n  },\n\n  'loose-decorated'(input, schema: LooseDecorated) {\n    alignIO(input, customAlignmentOf(schema));\n\n    const beginning = input.currentByteOffset;\n    const value = readData(input, schema.inner);\n    input.seekTo(beginning + sizeOf(schema));\n    return value;\n  },\n} satisfies CompleteDataReaders;\n\nexport function readData<TData extends wgsl.BaseData>(\n  input: ISerialInput,\n  schema: TData,\n): Infer<TData> {\n  const reader = (dataReaders as Record<string, unknown>)[\n    schema.type\n  ] as DataReader<TData>;\n  if (!reader) {\n    throw new Error(`Cannot read data of type '${schema.type}'.`);\n  }\n\n  return reader(input, schema);\n}\n","import type { Block } from 'tinyest';\nimport { resolveData } from './core/resolve/resolveData';\nimport {\n  type Eventual,\n  type SlotValuePair,\n  type TgpuDerived,\n  type TgpuSlot,\n  isDerived,\n  isProviding,\n  isSlot,\n} from './core/slot/slotTypes';\nimport { isData } from './data';\nimport { getAttributesString } from './data/attributes';\nimport {\n  type AnyWgslData,\n  type BaseData,\n  isWgslArray,\n  isWgslStruct,\n} from './data/wgslTypes';\nimport { MissingSlotValueError, ResolutionError } from './errors';\nimport { RuntimeMode, popMode, provideCtx, pushMode } from './gpuMode';\nimport type { JitTranspiler } from './jitTranspiler';\nimport type { NameRegistry } from './nameRegistry';\nimport { naturalsExcept } from './shared/generators';\nimport type { Infer } from './shared/repr';\nimport { $internal } from './shared/symbols';\nimport { generateFunction } from './smol';\nimport { getTypeFromWgsl } from './smol/generationHelpers';\nimport {\n  type TgpuBindGroup,\n  TgpuBindGroupImpl,\n  type TgpuBindGroupLayout,\n  type TgpuLayoutEntry,\n  bindGroupLayout,\n} from './tgpuBindGroupLayout';\nimport type {\n  FnToWgslOptions,\n  ItemLayer,\n  ItemStateStack,\n  ResolutionCtx,\n  Resource,\n  Wgsl,\n} from './types';\nimport { UnknownData, isSelfResolvable, isWgsl } from './types';\n\n/**\n * Inserted into bind group entry definitions that belong\n * to the automatically generated catch-all bind group.\n *\n * A non-occupied group index can only be determined after\n * every resource has been resolved, so this acts as a placeholder\n * to be replaced with an actual numeric index at the very end\n * of the resolution process.\n */\nconst CATCHALL_BIND_GROUP_IDX_MARKER = '#CATCHALL#';\n\nexport type ResolutionCtxImplOptions = {\n  readonly names: NameRegistry;\n  readonly jitTranspiler?: JitTranspiler | undefined;\n};\n\ntype SlotToValueMap = Map<TgpuSlot<unknown>, unknown>;\n\ntype SlotBindingLayer = {\n  type: 'slotBinding';\n  bindingMap: WeakMap<TgpuSlot<unknown>, unknown>;\n};\n\ntype FunctionScopeLayer = {\n  type: 'functionScope';\n  args: Resource[];\n  externalMap: Record<string, unknown>;\n  returnType: AnyWgslData | undefined;\n};\n\ntype BlockScopeLayer = {\n  type: 'blockScope';\n  declarations: Map<string, AnyWgslData | UnknownData>;\n};\n\nclass ItemStateStackImpl implements ItemStateStack {\n  private _stack: (\n    | ItemLayer\n    | SlotBindingLayer\n    | FunctionScopeLayer\n    | BlockScopeLayer\n  )[] = [];\n  private _itemDepth = 0;\n\n  get itemDepth(): number {\n    return this._itemDepth;\n  }\n\n  get topItem(): ItemLayer {\n    const state = this._stack[this._stack.length - 1];\n    if (!state || state.type !== 'item') {\n      throw new Error('Internal error, expected item layer to be on top.');\n    }\n    return state;\n  }\n\n  pushItem() {\n    this._itemDepth++;\n    this._stack.push({\n      type: 'item',\n      usedSlots: new Set(),\n    });\n  }\n\n  popItem() {\n    this.pop('item');\n  }\n\n  pushSlotBindings(pairs: SlotValuePair<unknown>[]) {\n    this._stack.push({\n      type: 'slotBinding',\n      bindingMap: new WeakMap(pairs),\n    });\n  }\n\n  popSlotBindings() {\n    this.pop('slotBinding');\n  }\n\n  pushFunctionScope(\n    args: Resource[],\n    returnType: AnyWgslData | undefined,\n    externalMap: Record<string, unknown>,\n  ) {\n    this._stack.push({\n      type: 'functionScope',\n      args,\n      returnType,\n      externalMap,\n    });\n  }\n\n  popFunctionScope() {\n    this.pop('functionScope');\n  }\n\n  pushBlockScope() {\n    this._stack.push({\n      type: 'blockScope',\n      declarations: new Map<string, AnyWgslData | UnknownData>(),\n    });\n  }\n\n  popBlockScope() {\n    this.pop('blockScope');\n  }\n\n  pop(type?: (typeof this._stack)[number]['type']) {\n    const layer = this._stack[this._stack.length - 1];\n    if (!layer || (type && layer.type !== type)) {\n      throw new Error(`Internal error, expected a ${type} layer to be on top.`);\n    }\n\n    this._stack.pop();\n    if (type === 'item') {\n      this._itemDepth--;\n    }\n  }\n\n  readSlot<T>(slot: TgpuSlot<T>): T | undefined {\n    for (let i = this._stack.length - 1; i >= 0; --i) {\n      const layer = this._stack[i];\n      if (layer?.type === 'item') {\n        // Binding not available yet, so this layer is dependent on the slot's value.\n        layer.usedSlots.add(slot);\n      } else if (layer?.type === 'slotBinding') {\n        const boundValue = layer.bindingMap.get(slot);\n\n        if (boundValue !== undefined) {\n          return boundValue as T;\n        }\n      } else if (\n        layer?.type === 'functionScope' ||\n        layer?.type === 'blockScope'\n      ) {\n        // Skip\n      } else {\n        throw new Error('Unknown layer type.');\n      }\n    }\n\n    return slot.defaultValue;\n  }\n\n  getResourceById(id: string): Resource | undefined {\n    for (let i = this._stack.length - 1; i >= 0; --i) {\n      const layer = this._stack[i];\n\n      if (layer?.type === 'functionScope') {\n        const arg = layer.args.find((a) => a.value === id);\n        if (arg !== undefined) {\n          return arg;\n        }\n\n        const external = layer.externalMap[id];\n        if (external !== undefined) {\n          return {\n            value: external,\n            dataType: isWgsl(external)\n              ? getTypeFromWgsl(external)\n              : UnknownData,\n          };\n        }\n\n        // Since functions cannot access resources from the calling scope, we\n        // return early here.\n        return undefined;\n      }\n\n      if (layer?.type === 'blockScope') {\n        const declarationType = layer.declarations.get(id);\n        if (declarationType !== undefined) {\n          return { value: id, dataType: declarationType };\n        }\n      } else {\n        // Skip\n      }\n    }\n\n    return undefined;\n  }\n\n  defineBlockVariable(id: string, type: AnyWgslData | UnknownData): Resource {\n    for (let i = this._stack.length - 1; i >= 0; --i) {\n      const layer = this._stack[i];\n\n      if (layer?.type === 'blockScope') {\n        layer.declarations.set(id, type);\n\n        return { value: id, dataType: type };\n      }\n    }\n\n    throw new Error('No block scope found to define a variable in.');\n  }\n}\n\nconst INDENT = [\n  '', // 0\n  '  ', // 1\n  '    ', // 2\n  '      ', // 3\n  '        ', // 4\n  '          ', // 5\n  '            ', // 6\n  '              ', // 7\n  '                ', // 8\n];\n\nconst N = INDENT.length - 1;\n\nexport class IndentController {\n  private identLevel = 0;\n\n  get pre(): string {\n    return (\n      INDENT[this.identLevel] ??\n      (INDENT[N] as string).repeat(this.identLevel / N) +\n        INDENT[this.identLevel % N]\n    );\n  }\n\n  indent(): string {\n    const str = this.pre;\n    this.identLevel++;\n    return str;\n  }\n\n  dedent(): string {\n    this.identLevel--;\n    return this.pre;\n  }\n}\n\ninterface FixedBindingConfig {\n  layoutEntry: TgpuLayoutEntry;\n  resource: object;\n}\n\nexport class ResolutionCtxImpl implements ResolutionCtx {\n  private readonly _memoizedResolves = new WeakMap<\n    // WeakMap because if the item does not exist anymore,\n    // apart from this map, there is no way to access the cached value anyway.\n    object,\n    { slotToValueMap: SlotToValueMap; result: string }[]\n  >();\n  private readonly _memoizedDerived = new WeakMap<\n    // WeakMap because if the \"derived\" does not exist anymore,\n    // apart from this map, there is no way to access the cached value anyway.\n    TgpuDerived<unknown>,\n    { slotToValueMap: SlotToValueMap; result: unknown }[]\n  >();\n\n  private readonly _indentController = new IndentController();\n  private readonly _jitTranspiler: JitTranspiler | undefined;\n  private readonly _itemStateStack = new ItemStateStackImpl();\n  private readonly _declarations: string[] = [];\n\n  readonly [$internal] = {\n    itemStateStack: this._itemStateStack,\n  };\n\n  // -- Bindings\n  /**\n   * A map from registered bind group layouts to random strings put in\n   * place of their group index. The whole tree has to be traversed to\n   * collect every use of a typed bind group layout, since they can be\n   * explicitly imposed group indices, and they cannot collide.\n   */\n  public readonly bindGroupLayoutsToPlaceholderMap = new Map<\n    TgpuBindGroupLayout,\n    string\n  >();\n  private _nextFreeLayoutPlaceholderIdx = 0;\n  public readonly fixedBindings: FixedBindingConfig[] = [];\n  // --\n\n  public readonly callStack: unknown[] = [];\n  public readonly names: NameRegistry;\n\n  constructor(opts: ResolutionCtxImplOptions) {\n    this.names = opts.names;\n    this._jitTranspiler = opts.jitTranspiler;\n  }\n\n  get pre(): string {\n    return this._indentController.pre;\n  }\n\n  indent(): string {\n    return this._indentController.indent();\n  }\n\n  dedent(): string {\n    return this._indentController.dedent();\n  }\n\n  getById(id: string): Resource | null {\n    const item = this._itemStateStack.getResourceById(id);\n\n    if (item === undefined) {\n      return null;\n    }\n\n    return item;\n  }\n\n  defineVariable(id: string, dataType: AnyWgslData | UnknownData): Resource {\n    return this._itemStateStack.defineBlockVariable(id, dataType);\n  }\n\n  pushBlockScope() {\n    this._itemStateStack.pushBlockScope();\n  }\n\n  popBlockScope() {\n    this._itemStateStack.popBlockScope();\n  }\n\n  transpileFn(fn: string): {\n    argNames: string[];\n    body: Block;\n    externalNames: string[];\n  } {\n    if (!this._jitTranspiler) {\n      throw new Error(\n        'Tried to execute a tgpu.fn function without providing a JIT transpiler, or transpiling at build time.',\n      );\n    }\n\n    return this._jitTranspiler.transpileFn(fn);\n  }\n\n  fnToWgsl(options: FnToWgslOptions): { head: Wgsl; body: Wgsl } {\n    this._itemStateStack.pushFunctionScope(\n      options.args,\n      options.returnType,\n      options.externalMap,\n    );\n\n    try {\n      const str = generateFunction(this, options.body);\n\n      const argList = options.args\n        .map(\n          (arg) => `${arg.value}: ${this.resolve(arg.dataType as AnyWgslData)}`,\n        )\n        .join(', ');\n\n      return {\n        head:\n          options.returnType !== undefined\n            ? `(${argList}) -> ${getAttributesString(options.returnType)} ${this.resolve(options.returnType)}`\n            : `(${argList})`,\n        body: str,\n      };\n    } finally {\n      this._itemStateStack.popFunctionScope();\n    }\n  }\n\n  addDeclaration(declaration: string): void {\n    this._declarations.push(declaration);\n  }\n\n  allocateLayoutEntry(layout: TgpuBindGroupLayout): string {\n    const memoMap = this.bindGroupLayoutsToPlaceholderMap;\n    let placeholderKey = memoMap.get(layout);\n\n    if (!placeholderKey) {\n      placeholderKey = `#BIND_GROUP_LAYOUT_${this._nextFreeLayoutPlaceholderIdx++}#`;\n      memoMap.set(layout, placeholderKey);\n    }\n\n    return placeholderKey;\n  }\n\n  allocateFixedEntry(\n    layoutEntry: TgpuLayoutEntry,\n    resource: object,\n  ): { group: string; binding: number } {\n    const binding = this.fixedBindings.length;\n    this.fixedBindings.push({ layoutEntry, resource });\n\n    return {\n      group: CATCHALL_BIND_GROUP_IDX_MARKER,\n      binding,\n    };\n  }\n\n  readSlot<T>(slot: TgpuSlot<T>): T {\n    const value = this._itemStateStack.readSlot(slot);\n\n    if (value === undefined) {\n      throw new MissingSlotValueError(slot);\n    }\n\n    return value;\n  }\n\n  withSlots<T>(pairs: SlotValuePair<unknown>[], callback: () => T): T {\n    this._itemStateStack.pushSlotBindings(pairs);\n\n    try {\n      return callback();\n    } finally {\n      this._itemStateStack.popSlotBindings();\n    }\n  }\n\n  unwrap<T>(eventual: Eventual<T>): T {\n    if (isProviding(eventual)) {\n      return this.withSlots(\n        eventual['~providing'].pairs,\n        () => this.unwrap(eventual['~providing'].inner) as T,\n      );\n    }\n\n    let maybeEventual = eventual;\n\n    // Unwrapping all layers of slots.\n    while (true) {\n      if (isSlot(maybeEventual)) {\n        maybeEventual = this.readSlot(maybeEventual);\n      } else if (isDerived(maybeEventual)) {\n        maybeEventual = this._getOrCompute(maybeEventual);\n      } else {\n        break;\n      }\n    }\n\n    return maybeEventual;\n  }\n\n  _getOrCompute<T>(derived: TgpuDerived<T>): T {\n    // All memoized versions of `derived`\n    const instances = this._memoizedDerived.get(derived) ?? [];\n\n    this._itemStateStack.pushItem();\n\n    try {\n      for (const instance of instances) {\n        const slotValuePairs = [...instance.slotToValueMap.entries()];\n\n        if (\n          slotValuePairs.every(([slot, expectedValue]) =>\n            slot.areEqual(this._itemStateStack.readSlot(slot), expectedValue),\n          )\n        ) {\n          return instance.result as T;\n        }\n      }\n\n      // If we got here, no item with the given slot-to-value combo exists in cache yet\n      // Derived computations are always done on the CPU\n      pushMode(RuntimeMode.CPU);\n\n      let result: T;\n      try {\n        result = derived['~compute']();\n      } finally {\n        popMode(RuntimeMode.CPU);\n      }\n\n      // We know which slots the item used while resolving\n      const slotToValueMap = new Map<TgpuSlot<unknown>, unknown>();\n      for (const usedSlot of this._itemStateStack.topItem.usedSlots) {\n        slotToValueMap.set(usedSlot, this._itemStateStack.readSlot(usedSlot));\n      }\n\n      instances.push({ slotToValueMap, result });\n      this._memoizedDerived.set(derived, instances);\n      return result;\n    } catch (err) {\n      if (err instanceof ResolutionError) {\n        throw err.appendToTrace(derived);\n      }\n\n      throw new ResolutionError(err, [derived]);\n    } finally {\n      this._itemStateStack.popItem();\n    }\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * @param item The item whose resolution should be either retrieved from the cache (if there is a cache hit), or resolved.\n   */\n  _getOrInstantiate(item: object): string {\n    // All memoized versions of `item`\n    const instances = this._memoizedResolves.get(item) ?? [];\n\n    this._itemStateStack.pushItem();\n\n    try {\n      for (const instance of instances) {\n        const slotValuePairs = [...instance.slotToValueMap.entries()];\n\n        if (\n          slotValuePairs.every(([slot, expectedValue]) =>\n            slot.areEqual(this._itemStateStack.readSlot(slot), expectedValue),\n          )\n        ) {\n          return instance.result;\n        }\n      }\n\n      // If we got here, no item with the given slot-to-value combo exists in cache yet\n      let result: string;\n      if (isData(item)) {\n        result = resolveData(this, item);\n      } else if (isDerived(item) || isSlot(item)) {\n        result = this.resolve(this.unwrap(item));\n      } else if (isSelfResolvable(item)) {\n        result = item['~resolve'](this);\n      } else {\n        result = this.resolveValue(item);\n      }\n\n      // We know which slots the item used while resolving\n      const slotToValueMap = new Map<TgpuSlot<unknown>, unknown>();\n      for (const usedSlot of this._itemStateStack.topItem.usedSlots) {\n        slotToValueMap.set(usedSlot, this._itemStateStack.readSlot(usedSlot));\n      }\n\n      instances.push({ slotToValueMap, result });\n      this._memoizedResolves.set(item, instances);\n\n      return result;\n    } catch (err) {\n      if (err instanceof ResolutionError) {\n        throw err.appendToTrace(item);\n      }\n\n      throw new ResolutionError(err, [item]);\n    } finally {\n      this._itemStateStack.popItem();\n    }\n  }\n\n  resolve(item: unknown): string {\n    if (isProviding(item)) {\n      return this.withSlots(item['~providing'].pairs, () =>\n        this.resolve(item['~providing'].inner),\n      );\n    }\n\n    if ((item && typeof item === 'object') || typeof item === 'function') {\n      if (this._itemStateStack.itemDepth === 0) {\n        try {\n          pushMode(RuntimeMode.GPU);\n          const result = provideCtx(this, () => this._getOrInstantiate(item));\n          return `${[...this._declarations].join('\\n\\n')}${result}`;\n        } finally {\n          popMode(RuntimeMode.GPU);\n        }\n      }\n\n      return this._getOrInstantiate(item);\n    }\n\n    return String(item);\n  }\n\n  resolveValue<T extends BaseData>(\n    value: Infer<T>,\n    schema?: T | undefined,\n  ): string {\n    if (isWgsl(value)) {\n      return this.resolve(value);\n    }\n\n    if (schema && isWgslArray(schema)) {\n      return `array(${(value as unknown[]).map((element) => this.resolveValue(element, schema.elementType))})`;\n    }\n\n    if (Array.isArray(value)) {\n      return `array(${value.map((element) => this.resolveValue(element))})`;\n    }\n\n    if (schema && isWgslStruct(schema)) {\n      return `${this.resolve(schema)}(${Object.entries(schema.propTypes).map(([key, type_]) => this.resolveValue((value as Infer<typeof schema>)[key], type_))})`;\n    }\n\n    throw new Error(\n      `Value ${value} (as json: ${JSON.stringify(value)}) of schema ${schema} is not resolvable to WGSL`,\n    );\n  }\n}\n\nexport interface ResolutionResult {\n  code: string;\n  bindGroupLayouts: TgpuBindGroupLayout[];\n  catchall: [number, TgpuBindGroup] | null;\n}\n\nexport function resolve(\n  item: Wgsl,\n  options: ResolutionCtxImplOptions,\n): ResolutionResult {\n  const ctx = new ResolutionCtxImpl(options);\n  let code = ctx.resolve(item);\n\n  const memoMap = ctx.bindGroupLayoutsToPlaceholderMap;\n  const bindGroupLayouts: TgpuBindGroupLayout[] = [];\n  const takenIndices = new Set<number>(\n    [...memoMap.keys()]\n      .map((layout) => layout.index)\n      .filter((v): v is number => v !== undefined),\n  );\n\n  const automaticIds = naturalsExcept(takenIndices);\n\n  const layoutEntries = ctx.fixedBindings.map(\n    (binding, idx) =>\n      [String(idx), binding.layoutEntry] as [string, TgpuLayoutEntry],\n  );\n\n  const createCatchallGroup = () => {\n    const catchallIdx = automaticIds.next().value;\n    const catchallLayout = bindGroupLayout(Object.fromEntries(layoutEntries));\n    bindGroupLayouts[catchallIdx] = catchallLayout;\n    code = code.replaceAll(CATCHALL_BIND_GROUP_IDX_MARKER, String(catchallIdx));\n\n    return [\n      catchallIdx,\n      new TgpuBindGroupImpl(\n        catchallLayout,\n        Object.fromEntries(\n          ctx.fixedBindings.map(\n            (binding, idx) =>\n              // biome-ignore lint/suspicious/noExplicitAny: <it's fine>\n              [String(idx), binding.resource] as [string, any],\n          ),\n        ),\n      ),\n    ] as [number, TgpuBindGroup];\n  };\n\n  // Retrieving the catch-all binding index first, because it's inherently\n  // the least swapped bind group (fixed and cannot be swapped).\n  const catchall = layoutEntries.length > 0 ? createCatchallGroup() : null;\n\n  for (const [layout, placeholder] of memoMap.entries()) {\n    const idx = layout.index ?? automaticIds.next().value;\n    bindGroupLayouts[idx] = layout;\n    code = code.replaceAll(placeholder, String(idx));\n  }\n\n  return {\n    code,\n    bindGroupLayouts,\n    catchall,\n  };\n}\n","import { MissingBindGroupsError } from '../../errors';\nimport type { TgpuNamable } from '../../namable';\nimport { resolve } from '../../resolutionCtx';\nimport type {\n  TgpuBindGroup,\n  TgpuBindGroupLayout,\n} from '../../tgpuBindGroupLayout';\nimport type { TgpuComputeFn } from '../function/tgpuComputeFn';\nimport type { ExperimentalTgpuRoot } from '../root/rootTypes';\nimport type { TgpuSlot } from '../slot/slotTypes';\n\n// ----------\n// Public API\n// ----------\n\nexport interface TgpuComputePipeline extends TgpuNamable {\n  readonly resourceType: 'compute-pipeline';\n  readonly label: string | undefined;\n\n  with(\n    bindGroupLayout: TgpuBindGroupLayout,\n    bindGroup: TgpuBindGroup,\n  ): TgpuComputePipeline;\n\n  dispatchWorkgroups(\n    x: number,\n    y?: number | undefined,\n    z?: number | undefined,\n  ): void;\n}\n\nexport interface INTERNAL_TgpuComputePipeline {\n  readonly rawPipeline: GPUComputePipeline;\n}\n\nexport function INTERNAL_createComputePipeline(\n  branch: ExperimentalTgpuRoot,\n  slotBindings: [TgpuSlot<unknown>, unknown][],\n  entryFn: TgpuComputeFn,\n) {\n  return new TgpuComputePipelineImpl(\n    new ComputePipelineCore(branch, slotBindings, entryFn),\n    {},\n  );\n}\n\nexport function isComputePipeline(\n  value: unknown,\n): value is TgpuComputePipeline {\n  return (value as TgpuComputePipeline)?.resourceType === 'compute-pipeline';\n}\n\n// --------------\n// Implementation\n// --------------\n\ntype TgpuComputePipelinePriors = {\n  readonly bindGroupLayoutMap?: Map<TgpuBindGroupLayout, TgpuBindGroup>;\n};\n\ntype Memo = {\n  pipeline: GPUComputePipeline;\n  bindGroupLayouts: TgpuBindGroupLayout[];\n  catchall: [number, TgpuBindGroup] | null;\n};\n\nclass TgpuComputePipelineImpl\n  implements TgpuComputePipeline, INTERNAL_TgpuComputePipeline\n{\n  public readonly resourceType = 'compute-pipeline';\n\n  constructor(\n    private readonly _core: ComputePipelineCore,\n    private readonly _priors: TgpuComputePipelinePriors,\n  ) {}\n\n  get label(): string | undefined {\n    return this._core.label;\n  }\n\n  get rawPipeline(): GPUComputePipeline {\n    return this._core.unwrap().pipeline;\n  }\n\n  with(\n    bindGroupLayout: TgpuBindGroupLayout,\n    bindGroup: TgpuBindGroup,\n  ): TgpuComputePipeline {\n    return new TgpuComputePipelineImpl(this._core, {\n      bindGroupLayoutMap: new Map([\n        ...(this._priors.bindGroupLayoutMap ?? []),\n        [bindGroupLayout, bindGroup],\n      ]),\n    });\n  }\n\n  dispatchWorkgroups(\n    x: number,\n    y?: number | undefined,\n    z?: number | undefined,\n  ): void {\n    const memo = this._core.unwrap();\n    const { branch, label } = this._core;\n\n    const pass = branch.commandEncoder.beginComputePass({\n      label: label ?? '<unnamed>',\n    });\n\n    pass.setPipeline(memo.pipeline);\n\n    const missingBindGroups = new Set(memo.bindGroupLayouts);\n\n    memo.bindGroupLayouts.forEach((layout, idx) => {\n      if (memo.catchall && idx === memo.catchall[0]) {\n        // Catch-all\n        pass.setBindGroup(idx, branch.unwrap(memo.catchall[1]));\n        missingBindGroups.delete(layout);\n      } else {\n        const bindGroup = this._priors.bindGroupLayoutMap?.get(layout);\n        if (bindGroup !== undefined) {\n          missingBindGroups.delete(layout);\n          pass.setBindGroup(idx, branch.unwrap(bindGroup));\n        }\n      }\n    });\n\n    if (missingBindGroups.size > 0) {\n      throw new MissingBindGroupsError(missingBindGroups);\n    }\n\n    pass.dispatchWorkgroups(x, y, z);\n    pass.end();\n  }\n\n  $name(label?: string | undefined): this {\n    this._core.label = label;\n    return this;\n  }\n}\n\nclass ComputePipelineCore {\n  public label: string | undefined;\n  private _memo: Memo | undefined;\n\n  constructor(\n    public readonly branch: ExperimentalTgpuRoot,\n    private readonly _slotBindings: [TgpuSlot<unknown>, unknown][],\n    private readonly _entryFn: TgpuComputeFn,\n  ) {}\n\n  public unwrap(): Memo {\n    if (this._memo === undefined) {\n      const device = this.branch.device;\n\n      // Resolving code\n      const { code, bindGroupLayouts, catchall } = resolve(\n        {\n          '~resolve': (ctx) => {\n            ctx.withSlots(this._slotBindings, () => {\n              ctx.resolve(this._entryFn);\n            });\n            return '';\n          },\n\n          toString: () => `computePipeline:${this.label ?? '<unnamed>'}`,\n        },\n        {\n          names: this.branch.nameRegistry,\n          jitTranspiler: this.branch.jitTranspiler,\n        },\n      );\n\n      if (catchall !== null) {\n        bindGroupLayouts[catchall[0]]?.$name(\n          `${this.label ?? '<unnamed>'} - Automatic Bind Group & Layout`,\n        );\n      }\n\n      this._memo = {\n        pipeline: device.createComputePipeline({\n          label: this.label ?? '<unnamed>',\n          layout: device.createPipelineLayout({\n            label: `${this.label ?? '<unnamed>'} - Pipeline Layout`,\n            bindGroupLayouts: bindGroupLayouts.map((l) =>\n              this.branch.unwrap(l),\n            ),\n          }),\n          compute: {\n            module: device.createShaderModule({\n              label: `${this.label ?? '<unnamed>'} - Shader`,\n              code,\n            }),\n          },\n        }),\n        bindGroupLayouts,\n        catchall,\n      };\n    }\n\n    return this._memo;\n  }\n}\n"]}

package/index.d.cts

@@ -3,9 +3,13 @@ import { A as AnyAttribute, a as AnyComputeBuiltin, D as Decorate, I as IsBuilti
 import * as smol from 'tinyest';
 import { Block } from 'tinyest';
 
+declare const $internal: unique symbol;
+
 interface TgpuConst<TDataType extends AnyWgslData = AnyWgslData> extends TgpuNamable {
-    readonly dataType: TDataType;
     readonly value: Infer<TDataType>;
+    readonly [$internal]: {
+        readonly dataType: TDataType;
+    };
 }
 /**
  * Creates a module constant with specified value.
@@ -44,6 +48,7 @@ type InferArgs<T extends unknown[]> = {
     [Idx in keyof T]: Infer<T[Idx]>;
 };
 type InferReturn<T> = T extends undefined ? void : Infer<T>;
+type Implementation<Args extends unknown[] = unknown[], Return = unknown> = string | ((...args: Args) => Return);
 type BaseIOData = F32 | F16 | I32 | U32 | Vec2f | Vec3f | Vec4f | Vec2h | Vec3h | Vec4h | Vec2i | Vec3i | Vec4i | Vec2u | Vec3u | Vec4u;
 type IOData = BaseIOData | Decorated<BaseIOData, AnyAttribute[]>;
 type IORecord<TElementType extends IOData = IOData> = Record<string, TElementType>;
@@ -1044,6 +1049,7 @@ interface TgpuBuffer<TData extends BaseData> extends TgpuNamable {
     $usage<T extends RestrictVertexUsages<TData>>(...usages: T): this & UnionToIntersection<LiteralToUsageType<T[number]>>;
     $addFlags(flags: GPUBufferUsageFlags): this;
     as<T extends ViewUsages<this>>(usage: T): UsageTypeToBufferUsage<TData>[T];
+    compileWriter(): void;
     write(data: Infer<TData>): void;
     writePartial(data: InferPartial<TData>): void;
     copyFrom(srcBuffer: TgpuBuffer<MemIdentity<TData>>): void;
@@ -1170,7 +1176,7 @@ type GetStorageTextureRestriction<T extends TgpuLayoutStorageTexture> = Default<
     format: T['storageTexture'];
     dimension: Dimension;
 } : never;
-type LayoutEntryToInput<T extends TgpuLayoutEntry | null> = T extends TgpuLayoutUniform ? (TgpuBuffer<UnwrapRuntimeConstructor<T['uniform']>> & UniformFlag) | GPUBuffer : T extends TgpuLayoutStorage ? (TgpuBuffer<UnwrapRuntimeConstructor<T['storage']>> & StorageFlag) | GPUBuffer : T extends TgpuLayoutSampler ? TgpuSampler | GPUSampler : T extends TgpuLayoutComparisonSampler ? TgpuComparisonSampler | GPUSampler : T extends TgpuLayoutTexture ? GPUTextureView | (Sampled & TgpuTexture<Prettify<TextureProps & GetTextureRestriction<T>>>) : T extends TgpuLayoutStorageTexture ? GPUTextureView | (StorageFlag & TgpuTexture<Prettify<TextureProps & GetStorageTextureRestriction<T>>>) : T extends TgpuLayoutExternalTexture ? GPUExternalTexture : never;
+type LayoutEntryToInput<T extends TgpuLayoutEntry | null> = T extends TgpuLayoutUniform ? (TgpuBuffer<UnwrapRuntimeConstructor<T['uniform']>> & UniformFlag) | GPUBuffer : T extends TgpuLayoutStorage ? (TgpuBuffer<UnwrapRuntimeConstructor<T['storage']>> & StorageFlag) | GPUBuffer : T extends TgpuLayoutSampler ? TgpuSampler | GPUSampler : T extends TgpuLayoutComparisonSampler ? TgpuComparisonSampler | GPUSampler : T extends TgpuLayoutTexture ? GPUTextureView | (Sampled & TgpuTexture<Prettify<TextureProps & GetTextureRestriction<T>>>) | TgpuSampledTexture<Default<T['viewDimension'], '2d'>, ChannelFormatToSchema[T['texture']]> : T extends TgpuLayoutStorageTexture ? GPUTextureView | (StorageFlag & TgpuTexture<Prettify<TextureProps & GetStorageTextureRestriction<T>>>) | StorageTextureUsageForEntry<T> : T extends TgpuLayoutExternalTexture ? GPUExternalTexture : never;
 type BindLayoutEntry<T extends TgpuLayoutEntry | null> = T extends TgpuLayoutUniform ? TgpuBufferUniform<UnwrapRuntimeConstructor<T['uniform']>> : T extends TgpuLayoutStorage ? StorageUsageForEntry<T> : T extends TgpuLayoutSampler ? TgpuSampler : T extends TgpuLayoutComparisonSampler ? TgpuComparisonSampler : T extends TgpuLayoutTexture ? TgpuSampledTexture<Default<GetDimension<T['viewDimension']>, '2d'>, ChannelFormatToSchema[T['texture']]> : T extends TgpuLayoutStorageTexture ? StorageTextureUsageForEntry<T> : never;
 type TgpuBindGroup<Entries extends Record<string, TgpuLayoutEntry | null> = Record<string, TgpuLayoutEntry | null>> = {
     readonly resourceType: 'bind-group';
@@ -1184,6 +1190,9 @@ interface TgpuBufferUsage<TData extends BaseData = BaseData, TUsage extends Bind
     readonly usage: TUsage;
     readonly '~repr': Infer<TData>;
     value: InferGPU<TData>;
+    readonly [$internal]: {
+        readonly dataType: TData;
+    };
 }
 interface TgpuBufferUniform<TData extends BaseData> extends TgpuBufferUsage<TData, 'uniform'> {
     readonly value: InferGPU<TData>;
@@ -1241,9 +1250,13 @@ declare const UnknownData: {
     type: string;
 };
 type UnknownData = typeof UnknownData;
+declare const Void: {
+    type: "void";
+};
+type Void = typeof Void;
 type Resource = {
     value: unknown;
-    dataType: AnyWgslData | UnknownData | AbstractInt | AbstractFloat;
+    dataType: AnyWgslData | UnknownData | AbstractInt | AbstractFloat | Void;
 };
 type TgpuShaderStage = 'compute' | 'vertex' | 'fragment';
 interface FnToWgslOptions {
@@ -1252,6 +1265,26 @@ interface FnToWgslOptions {
     body: Block;
     externalMap: Record<string, unknown>;
 }
+type ItemLayer = {
+    type: 'item';
+    usedSlots: Set<TgpuSlot<unknown>>;
+};
+interface ItemStateStack {
+    readonly itemDepth: number;
+    readonly topItem: ItemLayer;
+    pushItem(): void;
+    popItem(): void;
+    pushSlotBindings(pairs: SlotValuePair<unknown>[]): void;
+    popSlotBindings(): void;
+    pushFunctionScope(args: Resource[], returnType: AnyWgslData | undefined, externalMap: Record<string, unknown>): void;
+    popFunctionScope(): void;
+    pushBlockScope(): void;
+    popBlockScope(): void;
+    pop(type?: 'functionScope' | 'blockScope' | 'slotBinding' | 'item'): void;
+    readSlot<T>(slot: TgpuSlot<T>): T | undefined;
+    getResourceById(id: string): Resource | undefined;
+    defineBlockVariable(id: string, type: AnyWgslData | UnknownData): Resource;
+}
 /**
  * Passed into each resolvable item. All items in a tree share a resolution ctx,
  * but there can be layers added and removed from the item stack when going down
@@ -1290,6 +1323,9 @@ interface ResolutionCtx {
         head: Wgsl;
         body: Wgsl;
     };
+    [$internal]: {
+        itemStateStack: ItemStateStack;
+    };
 }
 /**
  * Houses a method '~resolve` that returns a code string
@@ -1331,7 +1367,11 @@ interface TgpuFnBase<Args extends AnyWgslData[], Return extends AnyWgslData | un
     with<T>(slot: TgpuSlot<T>, value: Eventual<T>): TgpuFn<Args, Return>;
     with<T extends AnyWgslData>(accessor: TgpuAccessor<T>, value: TgpuFn<[], T> | TgpuBufferUsage<T> | Infer<T>): TgpuFn<Args, Return>;
 }
-type TgpuFn<Args extends AnyWgslData[] = AnyWgslData[], Return extends AnyWgslData | undefined = AnyWgslData | undefined> = TgpuFnBase<Args, Return> & ((...args: InferArgs<Args>) => InferReturn<Return>);
+type TgpuFn<Args extends AnyWgslData[] = AnyWgslData[], Return extends AnyWgslData | undefined = AnyWgslData | undefined> = TgpuFnBase<Args, Return> & ((...args: InferArgs<Args>) => InferReturn<Return>) & {
+    readonly [$internal]: {
+        implementation: Implementation<InferArgs<Args>, InferReturn<Return>>;
+    };
+};
 declare function fn<Args extends AnyWgslData[] | []>(argTypes: Args, returnType?: undefined): TgpuFnShell<Args, undefined>;
 declare function fn<Args extends AnyWgslData[] | [], Return extends AnyWgslData>(argTypes: Args, returnType: Return): TgpuFnShell<Args, Return>;
 declare function isTgpuFn<Args extends AnyWgslData[], Return extends AnyWgslData | undefined = undefined>(value: unknown | TgpuFn<Args, Return>): value is TgpuFn<Args, Return>;

package/index.d.ts

@@ -3,9 +3,13 @@ import { A as AnyAttribute, a as AnyComputeBuiltin, D as Decorate, I as IsBuilti
 import * as smol from 'tinyest';
 import { Block } from 'tinyest';
 
+declare const $internal: unique symbol;
+
 interface TgpuConst<TDataType extends AnyWgslData = AnyWgslData> extends TgpuNamable {
-    readonly dataType: TDataType;
     readonly value: Infer<TDataType>;
+    readonly [$internal]: {
+        readonly dataType: TDataType;
+    };
 }
 /**
  * Creates a module constant with specified value.
@@ -44,6 +48,7 @@ type InferArgs<T extends unknown[]> = {
     [Idx in keyof T]: Infer<T[Idx]>;
 };
 type InferReturn<T> = T extends undefined ? void : Infer<T>;
+type Implementation<Args extends unknown[] = unknown[], Return = unknown> = string | ((...args: Args) => Return);
 type BaseIOData = F32 | F16 | I32 | U32 | Vec2f | Vec3f | Vec4f | Vec2h | Vec3h | Vec4h | Vec2i | Vec3i | Vec4i | Vec2u | Vec3u | Vec4u;
 type IOData = BaseIOData | Decorated<BaseIOData, AnyAttribute[]>;
 type IORecord<TElementType extends IOData = IOData> = Record<string, TElementType>;
@@ -1044,6 +1049,7 @@ interface TgpuBuffer<TData extends BaseData> extends TgpuNamable {
     $usage<T extends RestrictVertexUsages<TData>>(...usages: T): this & UnionToIntersection<LiteralToUsageType<T[number]>>;
     $addFlags(flags: GPUBufferUsageFlags): this;
     as<T extends ViewUsages<this>>(usage: T): UsageTypeToBufferUsage<TData>[T];
+    compileWriter(): void;
     write(data: Infer<TData>): void;
     writePartial(data: InferPartial<TData>): void;
     copyFrom(srcBuffer: TgpuBuffer<MemIdentity<TData>>): void;
@@ -1170,7 +1176,7 @@ type GetStorageTextureRestriction<T extends TgpuLayoutStorageTexture> = Default<
     format: T['storageTexture'];
     dimension: Dimension;
 } : never;
-type LayoutEntryToInput<T extends TgpuLayoutEntry | null> = T extends TgpuLayoutUniform ? (TgpuBuffer<UnwrapRuntimeConstructor<T['uniform']>> & UniformFlag) | GPUBuffer : T extends TgpuLayoutStorage ? (TgpuBuffer<UnwrapRuntimeConstructor<T['storage']>> & StorageFlag) | GPUBuffer : T extends TgpuLayoutSampler ? TgpuSampler | GPUSampler : T extends TgpuLayoutComparisonSampler ? TgpuComparisonSampler | GPUSampler : T extends TgpuLayoutTexture ? GPUTextureView | (Sampled & TgpuTexture<Prettify<TextureProps & GetTextureRestriction<T>>>) : T extends TgpuLayoutStorageTexture ? GPUTextureView | (StorageFlag & TgpuTexture<Prettify<TextureProps & GetStorageTextureRestriction<T>>>) : T extends TgpuLayoutExternalTexture ? GPUExternalTexture : never;
+type LayoutEntryToInput<T extends TgpuLayoutEntry | null> = T extends TgpuLayoutUniform ? (TgpuBuffer<UnwrapRuntimeConstructor<T['uniform']>> & UniformFlag) | GPUBuffer : T extends TgpuLayoutStorage ? (TgpuBuffer<UnwrapRuntimeConstructor<T['storage']>> & StorageFlag) | GPUBuffer : T extends TgpuLayoutSampler ? TgpuSampler | GPUSampler : T extends TgpuLayoutComparisonSampler ? TgpuComparisonSampler | GPUSampler : T extends TgpuLayoutTexture ? GPUTextureView | (Sampled & TgpuTexture<Prettify<TextureProps & GetTextureRestriction<T>>>) | TgpuSampledTexture<Default<T['viewDimension'], '2d'>, ChannelFormatToSchema[T['texture']]> : T extends TgpuLayoutStorageTexture ? GPUTextureView | (StorageFlag & TgpuTexture<Prettify<TextureProps & GetStorageTextureRestriction<T>>>) | StorageTextureUsageForEntry<T> : T extends TgpuLayoutExternalTexture ? GPUExternalTexture : never;
 type BindLayoutEntry<T extends TgpuLayoutEntry | null> = T extends TgpuLayoutUniform ? TgpuBufferUniform<UnwrapRuntimeConstructor<T['uniform']>> : T extends TgpuLayoutStorage ? StorageUsageForEntry<T> : T extends TgpuLayoutSampler ? TgpuSampler : T extends TgpuLayoutComparisonSampler ? TgpuComparisonSampler : T extends TgpuLayoutTexture ? TgpuSampledTexture<Default<GetDimension<T['viewDimension']>, '2d'>, ChannelFormatToSchema[T['texture']]> : T extends TgpuLayoutStorageTexture ? StorageTextureUsageForEntry<T> : never;
 type TgpuBindGroup<Entries extends Record<string, TgpuLayoutEntry | null> = Record<string, TgpuLayoutEntry | null>> = {
     readonly resourceType: 'bind-group';
@@ -1184,6 +1190,9 @@ interface TgpuBufferUsage<TData extends BaseData = BaseData, TUsage extends Bind
     readonly usage: TUsage;
     readonly '~repr': Infer<TData>;
     value: InferGPU<TData>;
+    readonly [$internal]: {
+        readonly dataType: TData;
+    };
 }
 interface TgpuBufferUniform<TData extends BaseData> extends TgpuBufferUsage<TData, 'uniform'> {
     readonly value: InferGPU<TData>;
@@ -1241,9 +1250,13 @@ declare const UnknownData: {
     type: string;
 };
 type UnknownData = typeof UnknownData;
+declare const Void: {
+    type: "void";
+};
+type Void = typeof Void;
 type Resource = {
     value: unknown;
-    dataType: AnyWgslData | UnknownData | AbstractInt | AbstractFloat;
+    dataType: AnyWgslData | UnknownData | AbstractInt | AbstractFloat | Void;
 };
 type TgpuShaderStage = 'compute' | 'vertex' | 'fragment';
 interface FnToWgslOptions {
@@ -1252,6 +1265,26 @@ interface FnToWgslOptions {
     body: Block;
     externalMap: Record<string, unknown>;
 }
+type ItemLayer = {
+    type: 'item';
+    usedSlots: Set<TgpuSlot<unknown>>;
+};
+interface ItemStateStack {
+    readonly itemDepth: number;
+    readonly topItem: ItemLayer;
+    pushItem(): void;
+    popItem(): void;
+    pushSlotBindings(pairs: SlotValuePair<unknown>[]): void;
+    popSlotBindings(): void;
+    pushFunctionScope(args: Resource[], returnType: AnyWgslData | undefined, externalMap: Record<string, unknown>): void;
+    popFunctionScope(): void;
+    pushBlockScope(): void;
+    popBlockScope(): void;
+    pop(type?: 'functionScope' | 'blockScope' | 'slotBinding' | 'item'): void;
+    readSlot<T>(slot: TgpuSlot<T>): T | undefined;
+    getResourceById(id: string): Resource | undefined;
+    defineBlockVariable(id: string, type: AnyWgslData | UnknownData): Resource;
+}
 /**
  * Passed into each resolvable item. All items in a tree share a resolution ctx,
  * but there can be layers added and removed from the item stack when going down
@@ -1290,6 +1323,9 @@ interface ResolutionCtx {
         head: Wgsl;
         body: Wgsl;
     };
+    [$internal]: {
+        itemStateStack: ItemStateStack;
+    };
 }
 /**
  * Houses a method '~resolve` that returns a code string
@@ -1331,7 +1367,11 @@ interface TgpuFnBase<Args extends AnyWgslData[], Return extends AnyWgslData | un
     with<T>(slot: TgpuSlot<T>, value: Eventual<T>): TgpuFn<Args, Return>;
     with<T extends AnyWgslData>(accessor: TgpuAccessor<T>, value: TgpuFn<[], T> | TgpuBufferUsage<T> | Infer<T>): TgpuFn<Args, Return>;
 }
-type TgpuFn<Args extends AnyWgslData[] = AnyWgslData[], Return extends AnyWgslData | undefined = AnyWgslData | undefined> = TgpuFnBase<Args, Return> & ((...args: InferArgs<Args>) => InferReturn<Return>);
+type TgpuFn<Args extends AnyWgslData[] = AnyWgslData[], Return extends AnyWgslData | undefined = AnyWgslData | undefined> = TgpuFnBase<Args, Return> & ((...args: InferArgs<Args>) => InferReturn<Return>) & {
+    readonly [$internal]: {
+        implementation: Implementation<InferArgs<Args>, InferReturn<Return>>;
+    };
+};
 declare function fn<Args extends AnyWgslData[] | []>(argTypes: Args, returnType?: undefined): TgpuFnShell<Args, undefined>;
 declare function fn<Args extends AnyWgslData[] | [], Return extends AnyWgslData>(argTypes: Args, returnType: Return): TgpuFnShell<Args, Return>;
 declare function isTgpuFn<Args extends AnyWgslData[], Return extends AnyWgslData | undefined = undefined>(value: unknown | TgpuFn<Args, Return>): value is TgpuFn<Args, Return>;