tribunal-kit 3.0.0 → 4.0.0

package/.agent/skills/authentication-best-practices/SKILL.md

@@ -1,173 +1,139 @@
----
-name: authentication-best-practices
-description: Authentication and Authorization mastery. Best practices for OAuth2, OpenID Connect, JWT (JSON Web Tokens), session management, password hashing, MFA (Multi-Factor Authentication), RBAC/ABAC, SSO, and secure credential storage. Use when auditing or implementing login flows, identity systems, or access control.
-allowed-tools: Read, Write, Edit, Glob, Grep
-version: 2.0.0
-last-updated: 2026-04-02
-applies-to-model: gemini-2.5-pro, claude-3-7-sonnet
----
-
-# Authentication & Authorization — Identity Mastery
-
-> Identity is the perimeter. If authentication is flawed, the entire system is breached.
-> Never roll your own crypto. Never store plaintext passwords. Secure tokens are not optional.
-
----
-
-## Passwords & Hashing
-
-```typescript
-// ❌ BAD: md5, sha1, sha256 (too fast, vulnerable to brute force/rainbow tables)
-const hash = crypto.createHash('sha256').update(password).digest('hex');
-
-// ✅ GOOD: Argon2 (memory-hard, ASIC resistant) or bcrypt
-import * as argon2 from "argon2";
-
-async function hashPassword(password: string): Promise<string> {
-  // Argon2 hashes include the salt inherently in the resulting string
-  return await argon2.hash(password, {
-    type: argon2.argon2id, // recommended variant
-    memoryCost: 2 ** 16,   // 64 MB
-    timeCost: 3,           // iterations
-    parallelism: 1,        // threads
-  });
-}
-
-async function verifyPassword(hash: string, password: string): Promise<boolean> {
-  return await argon2.verify(hash, password);
-}
-```
-
-### Password Policies
-- **Length over complexity**: Require minimum 12 characters. Stop requiring arbitrary symbols (e.g., `!@#`).
-- **Check against breaches**: Use HaveIBeenPwned API or similar to reject compromised passwords during signup.
-- **Never expire passwords arbitrarily**: Only force resets if there is evidence of a breach.
-
----
-
-## Session Management vs. JWT
-
-### 1. Stateful Sessions (Cookies)
-**Best for**: Monolithic web apps, SSR apps (Next.js, Remix).
-- Server stores session ID mapped to user data in Redis/DB.
-- Client stores session ID in an `HttpOnly`, `Secure`, `SameSite=Lax/Strict` cookie.
-- **Pros**: Immediate revocation, server-side truth, invisible to XSS.
-- **Cons**: Requires DB lookup per request.
-
-### 2. Stateless JWT (JSON Web Tokens)
-**Best for**: Distributed APIs, Microservices, Native mobile apps.
-- Server signs a token containing user claims.
-- Client passes it in `Authorization: Bearer <token>` header.
-- **Pros**: No DB lookup needed, easy cross-origin sharing.
-- **Cons**: Cannot be easily revoked before expiration.
-
-### The JWT "Refresh Token" Pattern
-```typescript
-// Scenario: API authentication
-// 1. Access Token (Short-lived: 15 mins)
-const accessToken = jwt.sign({ userId: user.id }, JWT_SECRET, {
-  expiresIn: "15m",
-  algorithm: "HS256" // ALWAYS explicitly specify
-});
-// 2. Refresh Token (Long-lived: 7 days, opaque string in DB)
-const refreshToken = crypto.randomBytes(40).toString('hex');
-await db.refreshTokens.create({ token: refreshToken, userId: user.id, expires: addDays(7) });
-
-// Client flow:
-// - Access token kept in memory (JS variable) to prevent XSS theft.
-// - Refresh token kept in HttpOnly cookie.
-// - When Access Token expires, endpoint reads cookie, validates DB, issues new Access Token.
-```
-
----
-
-## OAuth2 & OIDC (OpenID Connect)
-
-```
-Roles:
-1. Resource Owner (User)
-2. Client (Your App)
-3. Authorization Server (Google/GitHub/Auth0)
-4. Resource Server (API)
-
-Flow (Authorization Code + PKCE):
-1. User clicks "Login with Google".
-2. App generates `code_verifier` and `code_challenge`.
-3. App redirects user to Google with `code_challenge`.
-4. User logs in, Google redirects back to App with an authorization `code`.
-5. App sends `code` + `code_verifier` to Google backend.
-6. Google returns `id_token` (OIDC identity) and `access_token` (OAuth permissions).
-
-// ❌ HALLUCINATION TRAP: Implicit Flow is deprecated.
-// Never use Implicit Flow (response_type=token) where the token is returned in the URL hash.
-// Always use Authorization Code Flow with PKCE, even for Single Page Apps (SPAs).
-```
-
----
-
-## Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA)
-
-- **SMS**: Deprecated by NIST due to SIM swapping vulnerabilities. (Better than nothing, but avoid as primary MFA).
-- **TOTP (Authenticator Apps)**: Standard implementations use HMAC-SHA1. Keep the secret key heavily encrypted at rest.
-- **WebAuthn / Passkeys**: The modern gold standard. Replaces passwords entirely using hardware enclaves (FaceID, TouchID, YubiKey).
-
----
-
-## Authorization Models
-
-### RBAC (Role-Based Access Control)
-- Users have Roles (`admin`, `editor`, `viewer`).
-- Roles have Permissions (`create:post`, `delete:user`).
-
-```typescript
-// ✅ Check permissions, not roles directly (more flexible)
-if (!user.permissions.includes("delete:user")) {
-  throw new ForbiddenError();
-}
-```
-
-### ABAC (Attribute-Based Access Control)
-- Access based on context (e.g., "User can edit Document if Document.department == User.department").
-
-```typescript
-// Example Policy
-function canEditPost(user: User, post: Post): boolean {
-  if (user.role === "admin") return true;
-  if (post.authorId === user.id) return true;
-  if (post.status === "draft" && user.department === "content") return true;
-  return false;
-}
-```
-
----
-
-## 🤖 LLM-Specific Traps (Authentication)
-
-1. **Building Custom Crypto:** AI often tries to invent hashing algorithms or token generators. Never allow custom crypto. Use established standard libraries.
-2. **`jwt.verify` without `algorithms`:** AI frequently omits the `algorithms: ["HS256"]` array, leaving the app vulnerable to "None" algorithm bypass attacks.
-3. **Storing JWTs in `localStorage`:** Exposes tokens to XSS. Access tokens go in memory, refresh tokens go in `HttpOnly` cookies.
-4. **Using MD5/SHA256 for Passwords:** Hash functions must be slow. Enforce Argon2id or bcrypt.
-5. **Implicit OAuth Flow:** AI trained on legacy code will suggest implicit flow for SPAs. Demand PKCE.
-6. **Stateless Revocation Illusion:** AI will claim you can revoke a JWT without a database. You cannot. Blacklisting requires state.
-7. **Authorization after Logic:** Perm checks must happen *before* database mutations, not after.
-8. **Logging Passwords:** AI error handlers might log the raw `req.body` during a login failure, exposing plaintext passwords to Datadog/CloudWatch.
-9. **Missing Rate Limiting:** Login endpoints without aggressive rate limiting invite brute force attacks.
-10. **Constant Time String Comparison:** Using `a === b` for token/password comparison allows timing attacks. Always use `crypto.timingSafeEqual`.
-
----
-
-## 🏛️ Tribunal Integration
-
-### ✅ Pre-Flight Self-Audit
-```
-✅ Are passwords hashed using Argon2 or bcrypt?
-✅ Are session cookies marked HttpOnly, Secure, and SameSite?
-✅ Does jwt.verify explicitly specify the allowed algorithms?
-✅ Is token comparison using timingSafeEqual?
-✅ Are we avoiding localStorage for sensitive tokens?
-✅ Is the OAuth implementation using Authorization Code + PKCE?
-✅ Is there aggressive rate limiting on the login/password-reset endpoints?
-✅ Are auth checks performed BEFORE any business logic/DB operations?
-✅ Is req.body explicitly filtered in logs to avoid exposing passwords?
-✅ Did I rely on vetted libraries instead of writing custom auth logic?
-```
+---
+name: authentication-best-practices
+description: Authentication and Authorization mastery. Best practices for OAuth2, OpenID Connect, JWT (JSON Web Tokens), session management, password hashing, MFA (Multi-Factor Authentication), RBAC/ABAC, SSO, and secure credential storage. Use when auditing or implementing login flows, identity systems, or access control.
+allowed-tools: Read, Write, Edit, Glob, Grep
+version: 2.0.0
+last-updated: 2026-04-02
+applies-to-model: gemini-2.5-pro, claude-3-7-sonnet
+---
+
+# Authentication & Authorization — Identity Mastery
+
+---
+
+## Passwords & Hashing
+
+```typescript
+// ❌ BAD: md5, sha1, sha256 (too fast, vulnerable to brute force/rainbow tables)
+const hash = crypto.createHash('sha256').update(password).digest('hex');
+
+// ✅ GOOD: Argon2 (memory-hard, ASIC resistant) or bcrypt
+import * as argon2 from "argon2";
+
+async function hashPassword(password: string): Promise<string> {
+  // Argon2 hashes include the salt inherently in the resulting string
+  return await argon2.hash(password, {
+    type: argon2.argon2id, // recommended variant
+    memoryCost: 2 ** 16,   // 64 MB
+    timeCost: 3,           // iterations
+    parallelism: 1,        // threads
+  });
+}
+
+async function verifyPassword(hash: string, password: string): Promise<boolean> {
+  return await argon2.verify(hash, password);
+}
+```
+
+### Password Policies
+- **Length over complexity**: Require minimum 12 characters. Stop requiring arbitrary symbols (e.g., `!@#`).
+- **Check against breaches**: Use HaveIBeenPwned API or similar to reject compromised passwords during signup.
+- **Never expire passwords arbitrarily**: Only force resets if there is evidence of a breach.
+
+---
+
+## Session Management vs. JWT
+
+### 1. Stateful Sessions (Cookies)
+**Best for**: Monolithic web apps, SSR apps (Next.js, Remix).
+- Server stores session ID mapped to user data in Redis/DB.
+- Client stores session ID in an `HttpOnly`, `Secure`, `SameSite=Lax/Strict` cookie.
+- **Pros**: Immediate revocation, server-side truth, invisible to XSS.
+- **Cons**: Requires DB lookup per request.
+
+### 2. Stateless JWT (JSON Web Tokens)
+**Best for**: Distributed APIs, Microservices, Native mobile apps.
+- Server signs a token containing user claims.
+- Client passes it in `Authorization: Bearer <token>` header.
+- **Pros**: No DB lookup needed, easy cross-origin sharing.
+- **Cons**: Cannot be easily revoked before expiration.
+
+### The JWT "Refresh Token" Pattern
+```typescript
+// Scenario: API authentication
+// 1. Access Token (Short-lived: 15 mins)
+const accessToken = jwt.sign({ userId: user.id }, JWT_SECRET, {
+  expiresIn: "15m",
+  algorithm: "HS256" // ALWAYS explicitly specify
+});
+// 2. Refresh Token (Long-lived: 7 days, opaque string in DB)
+const refreshToken = crypto.randomBytes(40).toString('hex');
+await db.refreshTokens.create({ token: refreshToken, userId: user.id, expires: addDays(7) });
+
+// Client flow:
+// - Access token kept in memory (JS variable) to prevent XSS theft.
+// - Refresh token kept in HttpOnly cookie.
+// - When Access Token expires, endpoint reads cookie, validates DB, issues new Access Token.
+```
+
+---
+
+## OAuth2 & OIDC (OpenID Connect)
+
+```
+Roles:
+1. Resource Owner (User)
+2. Client (Your App)
+3. Authorization Server (Google/GitHub/Auth0)
+4. Resource Server (API)
+
+Flow (Authorization Code + PKCE):
+1. User clicks "Login with Google".
+2. App generates `code_verifier` and `code_challenge`.
+3. App redirects user to Google with `code_challenge`.
+4. User logs in, Google redirects back to App with an authorization `code`.
+5. App sends `code` + `code_verifier` to Google backend.
+6. Google returns `id_token` (OIDC identity) and `access_token` (OAuth permissions).
+
+// ❌ HALLUCINATION TRAP: Implicit Flow is deprecated.
+// Never use Implicit Flow (response_type=token) where the token is returned in the URL hash.
+// Always use Authorization Code Flow with PKCE, even for Single Page Apps (SPAs).
+```
+
+---
+
+## Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA)
+
+- **SMS**: Deprecated by NIST due to SIM swapping vulnerabilities. (Better than nothing, but avoid as primary MFA).
+- **TOTP (Authenticator Apps)**: Standard implementations use HMAC-SHA1. Keep the secret key heavily encrypted at rest.
+- **WebAuthn / Passkeys**: The modern gold standard. Replaces passwords entirely using hardware enclaves (FaceID, TouchID, YubiKey).
+
+---
+
+## Authorization Models
+
+### RBAC (Role-Based Access Control)
+- Users have Roles (`admin`, `editor`, `viewer`).
+- Roles have Permissions (`create:post`, `delete:user`).
+
+```typescript
+// ✅ Check permissions, not roles directly (more flexible)
+if (!user.permissions.includes("delete:user")) {
+  throw new ForbiddenError();
+}
+```
+
+### ABAC (Attribute-Based Access Control)
+- Access based on context (e.g., "User can edit Document if Document.department == User.department").
+
+```typescript
+// Example Policy
+function canEditPost(user: User, post: Post): boolean {
+  if (user.role === "admin") return true;
+  if (post.authorId === user.id) return true;
+  if (post.status === "draft" && user.department === "content") return true;
+  return false;
+}
+```
+
+---

package/.agent/skills/bash-linux/SKILL.md

@@ -1,154 +1,129 @@
----
-name: bash-linux
-description: Bash/Linux terminal mastery. Shell scripting, piping, stream redirection, process substitution, strict mode (set -euo pipefail), AWK, ripgrep parsing, and robust error handling. Use when writing CI scripts, debugging POSIX environments, or manipulating text pipelines.
-allowed-tools: Read, Write, Edit, Glob, Grep
-version: 2.0.0
-last-updated: 2026-04-02
-applies-to-model: gemini-2.5-pro, claude-3-7-sonnet
----
-
-# Bash & Linux — Shell Scripting Mastery
-
-> Bash is powerful but fragile by default.
-> An unchecked failure in a shell script will happily cascade into deleting production.
-
----
-
-## 1. Bash Strict Mode (Mandatory)
-
-Always start every single bash script with strict compilation flags.
-
-```bash
-#!/usr/bin/env bash
-
-# ❌ BAD: Default bash execution
-# - Undefined variables evaluate to empty strings
-# - Failed commands are ignored, execution continues blindly
-# - Piped failures are hidden (only last command exit code matters)
-
-# ✅ GOOD: Strict Mode
-set -euo pipefail
-IFS=$'\n\t'
-
-# -e: Exit immediately if a command exits with a non-zero status.
-# -u: Treat unset variables as an error and exit immediately.
-# -o pipefail: Pipeline returns the status of the rightmost command to exit with a non-zero status.
-# IFS: Only split on newlines and tabs, not spaces (prevents terrifying globbing/array bugs).
-
-# Example: Catching potential disasters
-unset MY_VAR
-rm -rf "/some/path/${MY_VAR}" # With 'set -u', this throws an error instead of running 'rm -rf /some/path/'
-```
-
----
-
-## 2. Advanced Stream Manipulation
-
-Piping allows passing stdout from one program into stdin of another.
-
-```bash
-# ❌ VULNERABLE: Useless Use of Cat (UUOC)
-cat file.txt | grep "error"
-
-# ✅ EFFICIENT: Direct parsing
-grep "error" file.txt
-# Or modern ripgrep for huge repositories:
-rg "error" file.txt
-
-# Process Substitution: Treating tool outputs as if they were files
-# Compare two remote JSON responses without writing to disk
-diff <(curl -s api.com/v1) <(curl -s api.com/v2)
-
-# Redirection Mastery
-# 1> stdout, 2> stderr
-command > output.txt 2> error.txt   # Split streams
-command > all.txt 2>&1              # Combine streams (POSIX)
-command &> all.txt                  # Combine streams (Bash shortcut)
-command >/dev/null 2>&1             # Subdue all output cleanly
-```
-
----
-
-## 3. AWK and Stream Formatting
-
-AWK is a complete programming language designed for text processing.
-
-```bash
-# Example: We have a ps aux output and we want the PIDs (column 2) of all Node processes
-ps aux | grep node | awk '{print $2}'
-
-# Example: Summing numbers in column 3 from a CSV
-cat data.csv | awk -F ',' '{sum+=$3} END {print sum}'
-
-# Extracting specific lines (e.g. line 5 to 10)
-sed -n '5,10p' file.txt
-```
-
----
-
-## 4. Modern CLI Alternatives (The 2026 Stack)
-
-Standard POSIX tools are reliable but slow. Use modern Rust-based alternatives when available in CI/CD.
-
-| Task | Legacy POSIX | Modern Alternative | Why? |
-|:---|:---|:---|:---|
-| Find files | `find . -name "*.ts"` | `fd -e ts` | Context-aware, respects `.gitignore`, 10x faster. |
-| Search text | `grep -r "auth"` | `rg "auth"` | Ripgrep uses multi-threading and SIMD instructions. |
-| Inspect JSON | `grep / awk` | `jq '.users[].id'` | `jq` explicitly parses and filters valid JSON arrays/objects. |
-| Process monitoring | `top` | `htop` / `btm` | Interactive metrics. |
-| Check curl | `curl -i` | `httpie` / `xh` | Colorized, structured JSON networking. |
-
----
-
-## 5. File System Traps & Quoting
-
-If a filename contains a space and you didn't quote your variable, your script will crash or delete the wrong files.
-
-```bash
-# Let FILE="my backup.tar"
-
-# ❌ BAD: Evaluates as `rm my` AND `backup.tar` -> Two different files!
-rm $FILE
-
-# ✅ GOOD: Always quote string variables
-rm "$FILE"
-
-# ✅ GOOD: Array iteration (Using quotes specifically formatted with @)
-FILES=("file 1.txt" "file 2.txt")
-for file in "${FILES[@]}"; do
-  echo "Processing: $file"
-done
-```
-
----
-
-## 🤖 LLM-Specific Traps (Bash/Linux)
-
-1. **Forgetting Strict Mode:** AI commonly forgets `set -euo pipefail`, creating fragile, dangerous scripts that cascade failures.
-2. **Missing Quotes:** AI writes `echo $USER_INPUT` instead of `echo "$USER_INPUT"`, leading to glob-splitting exploits and file deletion errors.
-3. **Useless Cat:** `cat file.txt | awk ...` instead of `awk ... file.txt`.
-4. **Regex in Grep:** AI attempts complex regex in standard `grep` which often fails due to dialect differences (BSD vs GNU). Use `grep -E` (Extended) or modern `rg`.
-5. **Awkward JSON parsing:** AI writing labyrinthine `sed`/`grep` chains to extract a field from JSON. Always use `jq`.
-6. **Hardcoded Paths:** Using `/home/user/script` instead of dynamic resolutions like `$(dirname "$0")` to find files relative to the script location.
-7. **Dangerous Globbing:** `rm *.txt` will fail if there are too many files ("Arg list too long"). AI fails to use `find . -name "*.txt" -delete` for large ops.
-8. **Silent Failures in Pipes:** AI assumes `command1 | command2` throws an error if `command1` fails. It doesn't, unless `set -o pipefail` is active.
-9. **Environment Pollution:** Executing exports globally (`export VAR=1`) inside utility scripts. Changes pollute the user's active shell.
-10. **Blind Sudo Execution:** Suggesting users pipe curled scripts directly into `sudo bash` (`curl api.com/setup | sudo bash`). Always inspect scripts first.
-
----
-
-## 🏛️ Tribunal Integration
-
-### ✅ Pre-Flight Self-Audit
-```
-✅ Does the script begin with `set -euo pipefail`?
-✅ Are all variable expansions wrapped in double quotes `"$VAR"`?
-✅ Am I using `jq` for handling JSON responses rather than `sed`/`grep`?
-✅ Is the script executing locally relative paths using `$(dirname "$0")`?
-✅ Have I avoided "Useless Use of Cat" (`cat X | Y`)?
-✅ Did I properly manage stderr and stdout streams (`2>&1`)?
-✅ Have I avoided executing destructive wildcard globs (`rm -rf *`)?
-✅ Is my text searching leveraging `-E` for extended regex if I use lookaheads?
-✅ Did I use array expansion strictly as `"${ARRAY[@]}"`?
-✅ If suggesting installation, did I avoid `curl | sudo bash`?
-```
+---
+name: bash-linux
+description: Bash/Linux terminal mastery. Shell scripting, piping, stream redirection, process substitution, strict mode (set -euo pipefail), AWK, ripgrep parsing, and robust error handling. Use when writing CI scripts, debugging POSIX environments, or manipulating text pipelines.
+allowed-tools: Read, Write, Edit, Glob, Grep
+version: 2.0.0
+last-updated: 2026-04-02
+applies-to-model: gemini-2.5-pro, claude-3-7-sonnet
+---
+
+## Hallucination Traps (Read First)
+- ❌ Scripts without `set -euo pipefail` -> ✅ Always enable strict mode to catch silent failures
+- ❌ Using `[ ]` instead of `[[ ]]` for conditionals -> ✅ `[[ ]]` handles spaces in variables and supports regex
+- ❌ Parsing `ls` output -> ✅ Use `find` or glob expansion instead; `ls` output is not portable
+- ❌ `cat file | grep` (useless use of cat) -> ✅ `grep pattern file` directly
+
+---
+
+
+# Bash & Linux — Shell Scripting Mastery
+
+---
+
+## 1. Bash Strict Mode (Mandatory)
+
+Always start every single bash script with strict compilation flags.
+
+```bash
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+
+# ❌ BAD: Default bash execution
+# - Undefined variables evaluate to empty strings
+# - Failed commands are ignored, execution continues blindly
+# - Piped failures are hidden (only last command exit code matters)
+
+# ✅ GOOD: Strict Mode
+set -euo pipefail
+IFS=$'\n\t'
+
+# -e: Exit immediately if a command exits with a non-zero status.
+# -u: Treat unset variables as an error and exit immediately.
+# -o pipefail: Pipeline returns the status of the rightmost command to exit with a non-zero status.
+# IFS: Only split on newlines and tabs, not spaces (prevents terrifying globbing/array bugs).
+
+# Example: Catching potential disasters
+unset MY_VAR
+rm -rf "/some/path/${MY_VAR}" # With 'set -u', this throws an error instead of running 'rm -rf /some/path/'
+```
+
+---
+
+## 2. Advanced Stream Manipulation
+
+Piping allows passing stdout from one program into stdin of another.
+
+```bash
+# ❌ VULNERABLE: Useless Use of Cat (UUOC)
+cat file.txt | grep "error"
+
+# ✅ EFFICIENT: Direct parsing
+grep "error" file.txt
+# Or modern ripgrep for huge repositories:
+rg "error" file.txt
+
+# Process Substitution: Treating tool outputs as if they were files
+# Compare two remote JSON responses without writing to disk
+diff <(curl -s api.com/v1) <(curl -s api.com/v2)
+
+# Redirection Mastery
+# 1> stdout, 2> stderr
+command > output.txt 2> error.txt   # Split streams
+command > all.txt 2>&1              # Combine streams (POSIX)
+command &> all.txt                  # Combine streams (Bash shortcut)
+command >/dev/null 2>&1             # Subdue all output cleanly
+```
+
+---
+
+## 3. AWK and Stream Formatting
+
+AWK is a complete programming language designed for text processing.
+
+```bash
+# Example: We have a ps aux output and we want the PIDs (column 2) of all Node processes
+ps aux | grep node | awk '{print $2}'
+
+# Example: Summing numbers in column 3 from a CSV
+cat data.csv | awk -F ',' '{sum+=$3} END {print sum}'
+
+# Extracting specific lines (e.g. line 5 to 10)
+sed -n '5,10p' file.txt
+```
+
+---
+
+## 4. Modern CLI Alternatives (The 2026 Stack)
+
+Standard POSIX tools are reliable but slow. Use modern Rust-based alternatives when available in CI/CD.
+
+|Task|Legacy POSIX|Modern Alternative|Why?|
+|:---|:---|:---|:---|
+|Find files|`find . -name "*.ts"`|`fd -e ts`|Context-aware, respects `.gitignore`, 10x faster.|
+|Search text|`grep -r "auth"`|`rg "auth"`|Ripgrep uses multi-threading and SIMD instructions.|
+|Inspect JSON|`grep / awk`|`jq '.users[].id'`|`jq` explicitly parses and filters valid JSON arrays/objects.|
+|Process monitoring|`top`|`htop` / `btm`|Interactive metrics.|
+|Check curl|`curl -i`|`httpie` / `xh`|Colorized, structured JSON networking.|
+
+---
+
+## 5. File System Traps & Quoting
+
+If a filename contains a space and you didn't quote your variable, your script will crash or delete the wrong files.
+
+```bash
+# Let FILE="my backup.tar"
+
+# ❌ BAD: Evaluates as `rm my` AND `backup.tar` -> Two different files!
+rm $FILE
+
+# ✅ GOOD: Always quote string variables
+rm "$FILE"
+
+# ✅ GOOD: Array iteration (Using quotes specifically formatted with @)
+FILES=("file 1.txt" "file 2.txt")
+for file in "${FILES[@]}"; do
+  echo "Processing: $file"
+done
+```
+
+---