toilscript 0.0.1 → 0.1.1

package/std/assembly/staticarray.ts

@@ -1,423 +1,423 @@
-/// <reference path="./rt/index.d.ts" />
-
-import { OBJECT, BLOCK_MAXSIZE, TOTAL_OVERHEAD } from "./rt/common";
-import { Runtime } from "shared/runtime";
-import { COMPARATOR, SORT } from "./util/sort";
-import { REVERSE, FILL } from "./util/bytes";
-import { idof } from "./builtins";
-import { Array } from "./array";
-import { E_INDEXOUTOFRANGE, E_INVALIDLENGTH, E_HOLEYARRAY } from "./util/error";
-import { joinBooleanArray, joinIntegerArray, joinFloatArray, joinStringArray, joinReferenceArray } from "./util/string";
-
-@final
-export class StaticArray<T> {
-  [key: number]: T;
-
-  // Note that the interface of StaticArray instances must be a semantically
-  // compatible subset of Array<T> in order for syntax highlighting to work
-  // properly, for instance when creating static arrays from array literals.
-  // The additionally provided static methods take care of dealing with static
-  // arrays exclusively, without having to convert to Array<T> first.
-
-  static fromArray<T>(source: Array<T>): StaticArray<T> {
-    let length = source.length;
-    let outSize = <usize>length << alignof<T>();
-    let out = changetype<StaticArray<T>>(__new(outSize, idof<StaticArray<T>>()));
-    if (isManaged<T>()) {
-      let sourcePtr = source.dataStart;
-      for (let i = 0; i < length; ++i) {
-        let off = <usize>i << alignof<T>();
-        let ref = load<usize>(sourcePtr + off);
-        store<usize>(changetype<usize>(out) + off, ref);
-        if (ASC_RUNTIME != Runtime.Memory) {
-          __link(changetype<usize>(out), ref, true);
-        }
-      }
-    } else {
-      memory.copy(changetype<usize>(out), source.dataStart, outSize);
-    }
-    return out;
-  }
-
-  /** @deprecated Please use source.concat<StaticArray<T>> instead. */
-  static concat<T>(source: StaticArray<T>, other: StaticArray<T>): StaticArray<T> {
-    return source.concat<StaticArray<T>>(other);
-  }
-
-  /** @deprecated Please use source.slice<StaticArray<T>> instead. */
-  static slice<T>(source: StaticArray<T>, start: i32 = 0, end: i32 = i32.MAX_VALUE): StaticArray<T> {
-    return source.slice<StaticArray<T>>(start, end);
-  }
-
-  constructor(length: i32) {
-    if (<u32>length > <u32>BLOCK_MAXSIZE >>> alignof<T>()) throw new RangeError(E_INVALIDLENGTH);
-    let outSize = <usize>length << alignof<T>();
-    let out = changetype<StaticArray<T>>(__new(outSize, idof<StaticArray<T>>()));
-    if (ASC_RUNTIME != Runtime.Incremental) {
-      memory.fill(changetype<usize>(out), 0, outSize);
-    }
-    return out;
-  }
-
-  get length(): i32 {
-    return changetype<OBJECT>(changetype<usize>(this) - TOTAL_OVERHEAD).rtSize >>> alignof<T>();
-  }
-
-  at(index: i32): T {
-    let len = this.length;
-    index += select(0, len, index >= 0);
-    if (<u32>index >= <u32>len) throw new RangeError(E_INDEXOUTOFRANGE);
-    let value = load<T>(changetype<usize>(this) + (<usize>index << alignof<T>()));
-    if (isReference<T>()) {
-      if (!isNullable<T>()) {
-        if (!changetype<usize>(value)) throw new Error(E_HOLEYARRAY);
-      }
-    }
-    return value;
-  }
-
-  @operator("[]") private __get(index: i32): T {
-    if (<u32>index >= <u32>this.length) throw new RangeError(E_INDEXOUTOFRANGE);
-    let value = load<T>(changetype<usize>(this) + (<usize>index << alignof<T>()));
-    if (isReference<T>()) {
-      if (!isNullable<T>()) {
-        if (!changetype<usize>(value)) throw new Error(E_HOLEYARRAY);
-      }
-    }
-    return value;
-  }
-
-  @unsafe @operator("{}") private __uget(index: i32): T {
-    return load<T>(changetype<usize>(this) + (<usize>index << alignof<T>()));
-  }
-
-  @operator("[]=") private __set(index: i32, value: T): void {
-    if (<u32>index >= <u32>this.length) throw new RangeError(E_INDEXOUTOFRANGE);
-    this.__uset(index, value);
-  }
-
-  @unsafe @operator("{}=") private __uset(index: i32, value: T): void {
-    store<T>(changetype<usize>(this) + (<usize>index << alignof<T>()), value);
-    if (isManaged<T>()) {
-      if (ASC_RUNTIME != Runtime.Memory) {
-        __link(changetype<usize>(this), changetype<usize>(value), true);
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
-  fill(value: T, start: i32 = 0, end: i32 = i32.MAX_VALUE): StaticArray<T> {
-    if (isManaged<T>()) {
-      FILL<usize>(changetype<usize>(this), this.length, changetype<usize>(value), start, end);
-      if (ASC_RUNTIME != Runtime.Memory) {
-        __link(changetype<usize>(this), changetype<usize>(value), false);
-      }
-    } else {
-      FILL<T>(changetype<usize>(this), this.length, value, start, end);
-    }
-    return this;
-  }
-
-  copyWithin(target: i32, start: i32, end: i32 = i32.MAX_VALUE): StaticArray<T> {
-    let ptr = changetype<usize>(this);
-    let len = this.length;
-
-    end = min<i32>(end, len);
-
-    let to    = target < 0 ? max(len + target, 0) : min(target, len);
-    let from  = start < 0 ? max(len + start, 0) : min(start, len);
-    let last  = end < 0 ? max(len + end, 0) : min(end, len);
-    let count = min(last - from, len - to);
-
-    memory.copy( // is memmove
-      ptr + (<usize>to << alignof<T>()),
-      ptr + (<usize>from << alignof<T>()),
-      <usize>count << alignof<T>()
-    );
-    return this;
-  }
-
-  includes(value: T, fromIndex: i32 = 0): bool {
-    if (isFloat<T>()) {
-      let length = this.length;
-      if (length == 0 || fromIndex >= length) return false;
-      if (fromIndex < 0) fromIndex = max(length + fromIndex, 0);
-      while (fromIndex < length) {
-        let elem = load<T>(changetype<usize>(this) + (<usize>fromIndex << alignof<T>()));
-        // @ts-ignore
-        if (elem == value || isNaN(elem) & isNaN(value)) return true;
-        ++fromIndex;
-      }
-      return false;
-    } else {
-      return this.indexOf(value, fromIndex) >= 0;
-    }
-  }
-
-  indexOf(value: T, fromIndex: i32 = 0): i32 {
-    let length = this.length;
-    if (length == 0 || fromIndex >= length) return -1;
-    if (fromIndex < 0) fromIndex = max(length + fromIndex, 0);
-    while (fromIndex < length) {
-      if (load<T>(changetype<usize>(this) + (<usize>fromIndex << alignof<T>())) == value) return fromIndex;
-      ++fromIndex;
-    }
-    return -1;
-  }
-
-  lastIndexOf(value: T, fromIndex: i32 = this.length): i32 {
-    let length = this.length;
-    if (length == 0) return -1;
-    if (fromIndex < 0) fromIndex = length + fromIndex;
-    else if (fromIndex >= length) fromIndex = length - 1;
-    while (fromIndex >= 0) {
-      if (load<T>(changetype<usize>(this) + (<usize>fromIndex << alignof<T>())) == value) return fromIndex;
-      --fromIndex;
-    }
-    return -1;
-  }
-
-  concat<U extends ArrayLike<T> = Array<T>>(other: U): U {
-    let sourceLen = this.length;
-    let otherLen = other.length;
-    let outLen = sourceLen + otherLen;
-    if (<u32>outLen > <u32>BLOCK_MAXSIZE >>> alignof<T>()) {
-      throw new Error(E_INVALIDLENGTH);
-    }
-    let sourceSize = <usize>sourceLen << alignof<T>();
-    let out = changetype<U>(this); // FIXME: instanceof needs *some* value
-
-    if (out instanceof Array<T>) {
-      out = changetype<U>(__newArray(outLen, alignof<T>(), idof<Array<T>>()));
-      // ^ FIXME: Function returns type U, but can't __newArray(U extends Array<T>)
-      let outStart = changetype<Array<T>>(out).dataStart;
-      let otherStart = changetype<Array<T>>(other).dataStart;
-      let thisStart = changetype<usize>(this);
-
-      if (isManaged<T>()) {
-        for (let offset: usize = 0; offset < sourceSize; offset += sizeof<T>()) {
-          let ref = load<usize>(thisStart + offset);
-          store<usize>(outStart + offset, ref);
-          if (ASC_RUNTIME != Runtime.Memory) {
-            __link(changetype<usize>(out), ref, true);
-          }
-        }
-        outStart += sourceSize;
-        let otherSize = <usize>otherLen << alignof<T>();
-        for (let offset: usize = 0; offset < otherSize; offset += sizeof<T>()) {
-          let ref = load<usize>(otherStart + offset);
-          store<usize>(outStart + offset, ref);
-          if (ASC_RUNTIME != Runtime.Memory) {
-            __link(changetype<usize>(out), ref, true);
-          }
-        }
-      } else {
-        memory.copy(outStart, thisStart, sourceSize);
-        memory.copy(outStart + sourceSize, otherStart, <usize>otherLen << alignof<T>());
-      }
-    } else if (out instanceof StaticArray<T>) {
-      out = changetype<U>(__new(<usize>outLen << alignof<T>(), idof<StaticArray<T>>()));
-      let outStart = changetype<usize>(out);
-      let otherStart = changetype<usize>(other);
-      let thisStart = changetype<usize>(this);
-
-      if (isManaged<T>()) {
-        for (let offset: usize = 0; offset < sourceSize; offset += sizeof<T>()) {
-          let ref = load<usize>(thisStart + offset);
-          store<usize>(outStart + offset, ref);
-          if (ASC_RUNTIME != Runtime.Memory) {
-            __link(changetype<usize>(out), ref, true);
-          }
-        }
-        outStart += sourceSize;
-        let otherSize = <usize>otherLen << alignof<T>();
-        for (let offset: usize = 0; offset < otherSize; offset += sizeof<T>()) {
-          let ref = load<usize>(otherStart + offset);
-          store<usize>(outStart + offset, ref);
-          if (ASC_RUNTIME != Runtime.Memory) {
-            __link(changetype<usize>(out), ref, true);
-          }
-        }
-      } else {
-        memory.copy(outStart, thisStart, sourceSize);
-        memory.copy(outStart + sourceSize, otherStart, <usize>otherLen << alignof<T>());
-      }
-    } else {
-      ERROR("Only Array<T> and StaticArray<T> accept for 'U' parameter");
-    }
-    return out;
-  }
-
-  slice<U extends ArrayLike<T> = Array<T>>(start: i32 = 0, end: i32 = i32.MAX_VALUE): U {
-    let length = this.length;
-    start = start < 0 ? max(start + length, 0) : min(start, length);
-    end   = end   < 0 ? max(end   + length, 0) : min(end,   length);
-    length = max(end - start, 0);
-
-    let sourceStart = changetype<usize>(this) + (<usize>start << alignof<T>());
-    let size = <usize>length << alignof<T>();
-    let out = changetype<U>(this); // FIXME: instanceof needs *some* value
-
-    if (out instanceof Array<T>) {
-      // return Array
-      out = changetype<U>(__newArray(length, alignof<T>(), idof<Array<T>>()));
-      // ^ FIXME: Function returns type U, but can't __newArray(U extends Array<T>)
-      let outStart = changetype<Array<T>>(out).dataStart;
-      if (isManaged<T>()) {
-        let off: usize = 0;
-        while (off < size) {
-          let ref = load<usize>(sourceStart + off);
-          store<usize>(outStart + off, ref);
-          if (ASC_RUNTIME != Runtime.Memory) {
-            __link(changetype<usize>(out), ref, true);
-          }
-          off += sizeof<usize>();
-        }
-      } else {
-        memory.copy(outStart, sourceStart, size);
-      }
-    } else if (out instanceof StaticArray<T>) {
-      // return StaticArray
-      out = changetype<U>(__new(size, idof<StaticArray<T>>()));
-      let outStart = changetype<usize>(out);
-      if (isManaged<T>()) {
-        let off: usize = 0;
-        while (off < size) {
-          let ref = load<usize>(sourceStart + off);
-          store<usize>(outStart + off, ref);
-          if (ASC_RUNTIME != Runtime.Memory) {
-            __link(outStart, ref, true);
-          }
-          off += sizeof<usize>();
-        }
-      } else {
-        memory.copy(outStart, sourceStart, size);
-      }
-    } else {
-      ERROR("Only Array<T> and StaticArray<T> accept for 'U' parameter");
-    }
-    return out;
-  }
-
-  findIndex(fn: (value: T, index: i32, array: StaticArray<T>) => bool): i32 {
-    for (let i = 0, len = this.length; i < len; ++i) {
-      if (fn(load<T>(changetype<usize>(this) + (<usize>i << alignof<T>())), i, this)) return i;
-    }
-    return -1;
-  }
-
-  findLastIndex(fn: (value: T, index: i32, array: StaticArray<T>) => bool): i32 {
-    for (let i = this.length - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
-      if (fn(load<T>(changetype<usize>(this) + (<usize>i << alignof<T>())), i, this)) return i;
-    }
-    return -1;
-  }
-
-  forEach(fn: (value: T, index: i32, array: StaticArray<T>) => void): void {
-    for (let i = 0, len = this.length; i < len; ++i) {
-      fn(load<T>(changetype<usize>(this) + (<usize>i << alignof<T>())), i, this);
-    }
-  }
-
-  map<U>(fn: (value: T, index: i32, array: StaticArray<T>) => U): Array<U> {
-    let len = this.length;
-    let out = changetype<Array<U>>(__newArray(len, alignof<U>(), idof<Array<U>>()));
-    let outStart = out.dataStart;
-    for (let i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
-      let result = fn(load<T>(changetype<usize>(this) + (<usize>i << alignof<T>())), i, this);
-      store<U>(outStart + (<usize>i << alignof<U>()), result);
-      if (isManaged<U>()) {
-        if (ASC_RUNTIME != Runtime.Memory) {
-          __link(changetype<usize>(out), changetype<usize>(result), true);
-        }
-      }
-    }
-    return out;
-  }
-
-  filter(fn: (value: T, index: i32, array: StaticArray<T>) => bool): Array<T> {
-    let result = changetype<Array<T>>(__newArray(0, alignof<T>(), idof<Array<T>>()));
-    for (let i = 0, len = this.length; i < len; ++i) {
-      let value = load<T>(changetype<usize>(this) + (<usize>i << alignof<T>()));
-      if (fn(value, i, this)) result.push(value);
-    }
-    return result;
-  }
-
-  reduce<U>(
-    fn: (previousValue: U, currentValue: T, currentIndex: i32, array: StaticArray<T>) => U,
-    initialValue: U
-  ): U {
-    let acc = initialValue;
-    for (let i = 0, len = this.length; i < len; ++i) {
-      acc = fn(acc, load<T>(changetype<usize>(this) + (<usize>i << alignof<T>())), i, this);
-    }
-    return acc;
-  }
-
-  reduceRight<U>(
-    fn: (previousValue: U, currentValue: T, currentIndex: i32, array: StaticArray<T>) => U,
-    initialValue: U
-  ): U {
-    let acc = initialValue;
-    for (let i = this.length - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
-      acc = fn(acc, load<T>(changetype<usize>(this) + (<usize>i << alignof<T>())), i, this);
-    }
-    return acc;
-  }
-
-  every(fn: (value: T, index: i32, array: StaticArray<T>) => bool): bool {
-    for (let i = 0, len = this.length; i < len; ++i) {
-      if (!fn(load<T>(changetype<usize>(this) + (<usize>i << alignof<T>())), i, this)) return false;
-    }
-    return true;
-  }
-
-  some(fn: (value: T, index: i32, array: StaticArray<T>) => bool): bool {
-    for (let i = 0, len = this.length; i < len; ++i) {
-      if (fn(load<T>(changetype<usize>(this) + (<usize>i << alignof<T>())), i, this)) return true;
-    }
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  sort(comparator: (a: T, b: T) => i32 = COMPARATOR<T>()): StaticArray<T> {
-    SORT<T>(changetype<usize>(this), this.length, comparator);
-    return this;
-  }
-
-  join(separator: string = ","): string {
-    if (isBoolean<T>())   return joinBooleanArray(changetype<usize>(this), this.length, separator);
-    if (isInteger<T>())   return joinIntegerArray<T>(changetype<usize>(this), this.length, separator);
-    if (isFloat<T>())     return joinFloatArray<T>(changetype<usize>(this), this.length, separator);
-    if (ASC_SHRINK_LEVEL < 1) {
-      if (isString<T>())  return joinStringArray(changetype<usize>(this), this.length, separator);
-    }
-    if (isReference<T>()) return joinReferenceArray<T>(changetype<usize>(this), this.length, separator);
-    ERROR("unspported element type");
-    return <string>unreachable();
-  }
-
-  reverse(): StaticArray<T> {
-    REVERSE<T>(changetype<usize>(this), this.length);
-    return this;
-  }
-
-  toString(): string {
-    return this.join();
-  }
-
-  // RT integration
-
-  @unsafe private __visit(cookie: u32): void {
-    if (ASC_RUNTIME != Runtime.Memory) {
-      if (isManaged<T>()) {
-        let cur = changetype<usize>(this);
-        let end = cur + changetype<OBJECT>(changetype<usize>(this) - TOTAL_OVERHEAD).rtSize;
-        while (cur < end) {
-          let val = load<usize>(cur);
-          if (val) __visit(val, cookie);
-          cur += sizeof<usize>();
-        }
-      }
-    }
-  }
-}
+/// <reference path="./rt/index.d.ts" />
+
+import { OBJECT, BLOCK_MAXSIZE, TOTAL_OVERHEAD } from "./rt/common";
+import { Runtime } from "shared/runtime";
+import { COMPARATOR, SORT } from "./util/sort";
+import { REVERSE, FILL } from "./util/bytes";
+import { idof } from "./builtins";
+import { Array } from "./array";
+import { E_INDEXOUTOFRANGE, E_INVALIDLENGTH, E_HOLEYARRAY } from "./util/error";
+import { joinBooleanArray, joinIntegerArray, joinFloatArray, joinStringArray, joinReferenceArray } from "./util/string";
+
+@final
+export class StaticArray<T> {
+  [key: number]: T;
+
+  // Note that the interface of StaticArray instances must be a semantically
+  // compatible subset of Array<T> in order for syntax highlighting to work
+  // properly, for instance when creating static arrays from array literals.
+  // The additionally provided static methods take care of dealing with static
+  // arrays exclusively, without having to convert to Array<T> first.
+
+  static fromArray<T>(source: Array<T>): StaticArray<T> {
+    let length = source.length;
+    let outSize = <usize>length << alignof<T>();
+    let out = changetype<StaticArray<T>>(__new(outSize, idof<StaticArray<T>>()));
+    if (isManaged<T>()) {
+      let sourcePtr = source.dataStart;
+      for (let i = 0; i < length; ++i) {
+        let off = <usize>i << alignof<T>();
+        let ref = load<usize>(sourcePtr + off);
+        store<usize>(changetype<usize>(out) + off, ref);
+        if (ASC_RUNTIME != Runtime.Memory) {
+          __link(changetype<usize>(out), ref, true);
+        }
+      }
+    } else {
+      memory.copy(changetype<usize>(out), source.dataStart, outSize);
+    }
+    return out;
+  }
+
+  /** @deprecated Please use source.concat<StaticArray<T>> instead. */
+  static concat<T>(source: StaticArray<T>, other: StaticArray<T>): StaticArray<T> {
+    return source.concat<StaticArray<T>>(other);
+  }
+
+  /** @deprecated Please use source.slice<StaticArray<T>> instead. */
+  static slice<T>(source: StaticArray<T>, start: i32 = 0, end: i32 = i32.MAX_VALUE): StaticArray<T> {
+    return source.slice<StaticArray<T>>(start, end);
+  }
+
+  constructor(length: i32) {
+    if (<u32>length > <u32>BLOCK_MAXSIZE >>> alignof<T>()) throw new RangeError(E_INVALIDLENGTH);
+    let outSize = <usize>length << alignof<T>();
+    let out = changetype<StaticArray<T>>(__new(outSize, idof<StaticArray<T>>()));
+    if (ASC_RUNTIME != Runtime.Incremental) {
+      memory.fill(changetype<usize>(out), 0, outSize);
+    }
+    return out;
+  }
+
+  get length(): i32 {
+    return changetype<OBJECT>(changetype<usize>(this) - TOTAL_OVERHEAD).rtSize >>> alignof<T>();
+  }
+
+  at(index: i32): T {
+    let len = this.length;
+    index += select(0, len, index >= 0);
+    if (<u32>index >= <u32>len) throw new RangeError(E_INDEXOUTOFRANGE);
+    let value = load<T>(changetype<usize>(this) + (<usize>index << alignof<T>()));
+    if (isReference<T>()) {
+      if (!isNullable<T>()) {
+        if (!changetype<usize>(value)) throw new Error(E_HOLEYARRAY);
+      }
+    }
+    return value;
+  }
+
+  @operator("[]") private __get(index: i32): T {
+    if (<u32>index >= <u32>this.length) throw new RangeError(E_INDEXOUTOFRANGE);
+    let value = load<T>(changetype<usize>(this) + (<usize>index << alignof<T>()));
+    if (isReference<T>()) {
+      if (!isNullable<T>()) {
+        if (!changetype<usize>(value)) throw new Error(E_HOLEYARRAY);
+      }
+    }
+    return value;
+  }
+
+  @unsafe @operator("{}") private __uget(index: i32): T {
+    return load<T>(changetype<usize>(this) + (<usize>index << alignof<T>()));
+  }
+
+  @operator("[]=") private __set(index: i32, value: T): void {
+    if (<u32>index >= <u32>this.length) throw new RangeError(E_INDEXOUTOFRANGE);
+    this.__uset(index, value);
+  }
+
+  @unsafe @operator("{}=") private __uset(index: i32, value: T): void {
+    store<T>(changetype<usize>(this) + (<usize>index << alignof<T>()), value);
+    if (isManaged<T>()) {
+      if (ASC_RUNTIME != Runtime.Memory) {
+        __link(changetype<usize>(this), changetype<usize>(value), true);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  fill(value: T, start: i32 = 0, end: i32 = i32.MAX_VALUE): StaticArray<T> {
+    if (isManaged<T>()) {
+      FILL<usize>(changetype<usize>(this), this.length, changetype<usize>(value), start, end);
+      if (ASC_RUNTIME != Runtime.Memory) {
+        __link(changetype<usize>(this), changetype<usize>(value), false);
+      }
+    } else {
+      FILL<T>(changetype<usize>(this), this.length, value, start, end);
+    }
+    return this;
+  }
+
+  copyWithin(target: i32, start: i32, end: i32 = i32.MAX_VALUE): StaticArray<T> {
+    let ptr = changetype<usize>(this);
+    let len = this.length;
+
+    end = min<i32>(end, len);
+
+    let to    = target < 0 ? max(len + target, 0) : min(target, len);
+    let from  = start < 0 ? max(len + start, 0) : min(start, len);
+    let last  = end < 0 ? max(len + end, 0) : min(end, len);
+    let count = min(last - from, len - to);
+
+    memory.copy( // is memmove
+      ptr + (<usize>to << alignof<T>()),
+      ptr + (<usize>from << alignof<T>()),
+      <usize>count << alignof<T>()
+    );
+    return this;
+  }
+
+  includes(value: T, fromIndex: i32 = 0): bool {
+    if (isFloat<T>()) {
+      let length = this.length;
+      if (length == 0 || fromIndex >= length) return false;
+      if (fromIndex < 0) fromIndex = max(length + fromIndex, 0);
+      while (fromIndex < length) {
+        let elem = load<T>(changetype<usize>(this) + (<usize>fromIndex << alignof<T>()));
+        // @ts-ignore
+        if (elem == value || isNaN(elem) & isNaN(value)) return true;
+        ++fromIndex;
+      }
+      return false;
+    } else {
+      return this.indexOf(value, fromIndex) >= 0;
+    }
+  }
+
+  indexOf(value: T, fromIndex: i32 = 0): i32 {
+    let length = this.length;
+    if (length == 0 || fromIndex >= length) return -1;
+    if (fromIndex < 0) fromIndex = max(length + fromIndex, 0);
+    while (fromIndex < length) {
+      if (load<T>(changetype<usize>(this) + (<usize>fromIndex << alignof<T>())) == value) return fromIndex;
+      ++fromIndex;
+    }
+    return -1;
+  }
+
+  lastIndexOf(value: T, fromIndex: i32 = this.length): i32 {
+    let length = this.length;
+    if (length == 0) return -1;
+    if (fromIndex < 0) fromIndex = length + fromIndex;
+    else if (fromIndex >= length) fromIndex = length - 1;
+    while (fromIndex >= 0) {
+      if (load<T>(changetype<usize>(this) + (<usize>fromIndex << alignof<T>())) == value) return fromIndex;
+      --fromIndex;
+    }
+    return -1;
+  }
+
+  concat<U extends ArrayLike<T> = Array<T>>(other: U): U {
+    let sourceLen = this.length;
+    let otherLen = other.length;
+    let outLen = sourceLen + otherLen;
+    if (<u32>outLen > <u32>BLOCK_MAXSIZE >>> alignof<T>()) {
+      throw new Error(E_INVALIDLENGTH);
+    }
+    let sourceSize = <usize>sourceLen << alignof<T>();
+    let out = changetype<U>(this); // FIXME: instanceof needs *some* value
+
+    if (out instanceof Array<T>) {
+      out = changetype<U>(__newArray(outLen, alignof<T>(), idof<Array<T>>()));
+      // ^ FIXME: Function returns type U, but can't __newArray(U extends Array<T>)
+      let outStart = changetype<Array<T>>(out).dataStart;
+      let otherStart = changetype<Array<T>>(other).dataStart;
+      let thisStart = changetype<usize>(this);
+
+      if (isManaged<T>()) {
+        for (let offset: usize = 0; offset < sourceSize; offset += sizeof<T>()) {
+          let ref = load<usize>(thisStart + offset);
+          store<usize>(outStart + offset, ref);
+          if (ASC_RUNTIME != Runtime.Memory) {
+            __link(changetype<usize>(out), ref, true);
+          }
+        }
+        outStart += sourceSize;
+        let otherSize = <usize>otherLen << alignof<T>();
+        for (let offset: usize = 0; offset < otherSize; offset += sizeof<T>()) {
+          let ref = load<usize>(otherStart + offset);
+          store<usize>(outStart + offset, ref);
+          if (ASC_RUNTIME != Runtime.Memory) {
+            __link(changetype<usize>(out), ref, true);
+          }
+        }
+      } else {
+        memory.copy(outStart, thisStart, sourceSize);
+        memory.copy(outStart + sourceSize, otherStart, <usize>otherLen << alignof<T>());
+      }
+    } else if (out instanceof StaticArray<T>) {
+      out = changetype<U>(__new(<usize>outLen << alignof<T>(), idof<StaticArray<T>>()));
+      let outStart = changetype<usize>(out);
+      let otherStart = changetype<usize>(other);
+      let thisStart = changetype<usize>(this);
+
+      if (isManaged<T>()) {
+        for (let offset: usize = 0; offset < sourceSize; offset += sizeof<T>()) {
+          let ref = load<usize>(thisStart + offset);
+          store<usize>(outStart + offset, ref);
+          if (ASC_RUNTIME != Runtime.Memory) {
+            __link(changetype<usize>(out), ref, true);
+          }
+        }
+        outStart += sourceSize;
+        let otherSize = <usize>otherLen << alignof<T>();
+        for (let offset: usize = 0; offset < otherSize; offset += sizeof<T>()) {
+          let ref = load<usize>(otherStart + offset);
+          store<usize>(outStart + offset, ref);
+          if (ASC_RUNTIME != Runtime.Memory) {
+            __link(changetype<usize>(out), ref, true);
+          }
+        }
+      } else {
+        memory.copy(outStart, thisStart, sourceSize);
+        memory.copy(outStart + sourceSize, otherStart, <usize>otherLen << alignof<T>());
+      }
+    } else {
+      ERROR("Only Array<T> and StaticArray<T> accept for 'U' parameter");
+    }
+    return out;
+  }
+
+  slice<U extends ArrayLike<T> = Array<T>>(start: i32 = 0, end: i32 = i32.MAX_VALUE): U {
+    let length = this.length;
+    start = start < 0 ? max(start + length, 0) : min(start, length);
+    end   = end   < 0 ? max(end   + length, 0) : min(end,   length);
+    length = max(end - start, 0);
+
+    let sourceStart = changetype<usize>(this) + (<usize>start << alignof<T>());
+    let size = <usize>length << alignof<T>();
+    let out = changetype<U>(this); // FIXME: instanceof needs *some* value
+
+    if (out instanceof Array<T>) {
+      // return Array
+      out = changetype<U>(__newArray(length, alignof<T>(), idof<Array<T>>()));
+      // ^ FIXME: Function returns type U, but can't __newArray(U extends Array<T>)
+      let outStart = changetype<Array<T>>(out).dataStart;
+      if (isManaged<T>()) {
+        let off: usize = 0;
+        while (off < size) {
+          let ref = load<usize>(sourceStart + off);
+          store<usize>(outStart + off, ref);
+          if (ASC_RUNTIME != Runtime.Memory) {
+            __link(changetype<usize>(out), ref, true);
+          }
+          off += sizeof<usize>();
+        }
+      } else {
+        memory.copy(outStart, sourceStart, size);
+      }
+    } else if (out instanceof StaticArray<T>) {
+      // return StaticArray
+      out = changetype<U>(__new(size, idof<StaticArray<T>>()));
+      let outStart = changetype<usize>(out);
+      if (isManaged<T>()) {
+        let off: usize = 0;
+        while (off < size) {
+          let ref = load<usize>(sourceStart + off);
+          store<usize>(outStart + off, ref);
+          if (ASC_RUNTIME != Runtime.Memory) {
+            __link(outStart, ref, true);
+          }
+          off += sizeof<usize>();
+        }
+      } else {
+        memory.copy(outStart, sourceStart, size);
+      }
+    } else {
+      ERROR("Only Array<T> and StaticArray<T> accept for 'U' parameter");
+    }
+    return out;
+  }
+
+  findIndex(fn: (value: T, index: i32, array: StaticArray<T>) => bool): i32 {
+    for (let i = 0, len = this.length; i < len; ++i) {
+      if (fn(load<T>(changetype<usize>(this) + (<usize>i << alignof<T>())), i, this)) return i;
+    }
+    return -1;
+  }
+
+  findLastIndex(fn: (value: T, index: i32, array: StaticArray<T>) => bool): i32 {
+    for (let i = this.length - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
+      if (fn(load<T>(changetype<usize>(this) + (<usize>i << alignof<T>())), i, this)) return i;
+    }
+    return -1;
+  }
+
+  forEach(fn: (value: T, index: i32, array: StaticArray<T>) => void): void {
+    for (let i = 0, len = this.length; i < len; ++i) {
+      fn(load<T>(changetype<usize>(this) + (<usize>i << alignof<T>())), i, this);
+    }
+  }
+
+  map<U>(fn: (value: T, index: i32, array: StaticArray<T>) => U): Array<U> {
+    let len = this.length;
+    let out = changetype<Array<U>>(__newArray(len, alignof<U>(), idof<Array<U>>()));
+    let outStart = out.dataStart;
+    for (let i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+      let result = fn(load<T>(changetype<usize>(this) + (<usize>i << alignof<T>())), i, this);
+      store<U>(outStart + (<usize>i << alignof<U>()), result);
+      if (isManaged<U>()) {
+        if (ASC_RUNTIME != Runtime.Memory) {
+          __link(changetype<usize>(out), changetype<usize>(result), true);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    return out;
+  }
+
+  filter(fn: (value: T, index: i32, array: StaticArray<T>) => bool): Array<T> {
+    let result = changetype<Array<T>>(__newArray(0, alignof<T>(), idof<Array<T>>()));
+    for (let i = 0, len = this.length; i < len; ++i) {
+      let value = load<T>(changetype<usize>(this) + (<usize>i << alignof<T>()));
+      if (fn(value, i, this)) result.push(value);
+    }
+    return result;
+  }
+
+  reduce<U>(
+    fn: (previousValue: U, currentValue: T, currentIndex: i32, array: StaticArray<T>) => U,
+    initialValue: U
+  ): U {
+    let acc = initialValue;
+    for (let i = 0, len = this.length; i < len; ++i) {
+      acc = fn(acc, load<T>(changetype<usize>(this) + (<usize>i << alignof<T>())), i, this);
+    }
+    return acc;
+  }
+
+  reduceRight<U>(
+    fn: (previousValue: U, currentValue: T, currentIndex: i32, array: StaticArray<T>) => U,
+    initialValue: U
+  ): U {
+    let acc = initialValue;
+    for (let i = this.length - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
+      acc = fn(acc, load<T>(changetype<usize>(this) + (<usize>i << alignof<T>())), i, this);
+    }
+    return acc;
+  }
+
+  every(fn: (value: T, index: i32, array: StaticArray<T>) => bool): bool {
+    for (let i = 0, len = this.length; i < len; ++i) {
+      if (!fn(load<T>(changetype<usize>(this) + (<usize>i << alignof<T>())), i, this)) return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  some(fn: (value: T, index: i32, array: StaticArray<T>) => bool): bool {
+    for (let i = 0, len = this.length; i < len; ++i) {
+      if (fn(load<T>(changetype<usize>(this) + (<usize>i << alignof<T>())), i, this)) return true;
+    }
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  sort(comparator: (a: T, b: T) => i32 = COMPARATOR<T>()): StaticArray<T> {
+    SORT<T>(changetype<usize>(this), this.length, comparator);
+    return this;
+  }
+
+  join(separator: string = ","): string {
+    if (isBoolean<T>())   return joinBooleanArray(changetype<usize>(this), this.length, separator);
+    if (isInteger<T>())   return joinIntegerArray<T>(changetype<usize>(this), this.length, separator);
+    if (isFloat<T>())     return joinFloatArray<T>(changetype<usize>(this), this.length, separator);
+    if (ASC_SHRINK_LEVEL < 1) {
+      if (isString<T>())  return joinStringArray(changetype<usize>(this), this.length, separator);
+    }
+    if (isReference<T>()) return joinReferenceArray<T>(changetype<usize>(this), this.length, separator);
+    ERROR("unspported element type");
+    return <string>unreachable();
+  }
+
+  reverse(): StaticArray<T> {
+    REVERSE<T>(changetype<usize>(this), this.length);
+    return this;
+  }
+
+  toString(): string {
+    return this.join();
+  }
+
+  // RT integration
+
+  @unsafe private __visit(cookie: u32): void {
+    if (ASC_RUNTIME != Runtime.Memory) {
+      if (isManaged<T>()) {
+        let cur = changetype<usize>(this);
+        let end = cur + changetype<OBJECT>(changetype<usize>(this) - TOTAL_OVERHEAD).rtSize;
+        while (cur < end) {
+          let val = load<usize>(cur);
+          if (val) __visit(val, cookie);
+          cur += sizeof<usize>();
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}