testaro 71.0.2 → 71.1.0

package/.claude/settings.local.json

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+{
+  "permissions": {
+    "allow": [
+      "Bash(git branch *)",
+      "Bash(git add *)",
+      "Bash(git commit -m ' *)",
+      "Bash(git push *)"
+    ]
+  }
+}

package/CLAUDE.md

@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+# CLAUDE.md
+
+This file provides guidance to Claude Code (claude.ai/code) when working with code in this repository.
+
+## Commands
+
+```bash
+# Install / update all dependencies and Playwright browsers
+npm run deps
+
+# Build the bundled accessible-name computation script
+npm run build
+
+# Lint (ESLint)
+npx eslint .
+
+# Validate a single Testaro rule (replace <ruleID> with the rule name, e.g. allSlanted)
+npm test <ruleID>
+
+# Validate all Testaro rules
+npm run tests
+
+# Run a job from JOBDIR/todo (optionally prefix-match by timestamp)
+node call run [jobIDStart]
+
+# Watch a directory for jobs
+node call dirWatch <true|false> <intervalSeconds>
+
+# Poll a network server for jobs
+node call netWatch <true|false> <intervalSeconds> [<true|false>]
+```
+
+## Architecture
+
+Testaro is an ensemble accessibility test runner. It integrates 10 external tools plus ~50 of its own rules (the "testaro" tool) and produces standardized reports from a job document.
+
+### Job → Report lifecycle
+
+1. A caller provides a **job** — a plain JS/JSON object with a `target` URL, `browserID`, optional `device`, and an `acts` array.
+2. `run.js` exports `doJob(job)`, which validates the job (`procs/job.js`), builds a DOM **catalog** (`procs/catalog.js`), then delegates to `procs/doActs.js`.
+3. `doActs.js` iterates the acts array. For `test` acts it forks a child process running `procs/doTestAct.js` (one per tool invocation) and enforces per-tool time limits. Non-test acts (browser interactions) execute in the parent.
+4. Each tool's test module lives in `tests/<toolID>.js`. It calls the tool's library and converts the native result to the **standard result** shape (`prevented`, `totals[4]`, `instances[]`).
+5. `doJob` returns the job object with `jobData` and `catalog` added at the top level and `result` added inside each `test` act. The job's `standard` property controls what `result` contains: `'no'` → `nativeResult` only; `'only'` → `standardResult` only; `'also'` → both.
+
+The 18 act types are defined and documented in `actSpecs.js` (`etc` property). The main interactive types are `button`, `checkbox`, `focus`, `link`, `press`, `presses`, `radio`, `reveal`, `search`, `select`, `text`, `url`, `wait`. The `test` type runs a tool. `launch`, `next`, `page`, `state` control flow.
+
+### Testaro rules (`testaro/` directory)
+
+Each file exports a `reporter(page, catalog, withItems)` async function. Rules are registered in `tests/testaro.js` in the `allRules` array, which controls default execution order, contamination flags, time limits, and `defaultOn`.
+
+The default order in `allRules` reflects a two-phase execution strategy: non-contaminating rules (`contaminates: false`) come first and all share a single page load; contaminating rules (`contaminates: true`) follow, each tested on a freshly loaded copy of the page.
+
+Two rules, `shoot0` and `shoot1`, are atypical: they report no violations. Instead they take screenshots at different points during a job so that the `motion` rule can compare them to detect and measure visible page change, avoiding the latency that would be required if `motion` took its own screenshots and waited between them.
+
+Two implementation patterns exist:
+
+- **`doTest`** (`procs/testaro.js`): for rules whose verdict on each element can be computed in-browser via `page.evaluate`. The caller passes a CSS selector and a serialized `getBadWhat(element)` function string. This is the preferred pattern (~48 of ~50 rules).
+- **`getBasicResult`** (`procs/testaro.js`): for rules that need Playwright APIs or cross-element state (currently only `hover` and `role`).
+
+### Validation
+
+Validation tests live in `validation/tests/jobs/` (jobs with `expect` arrays) and `validation/tests/targets/` (static HTML pages served locally as test targets). Running `npm test <ruleID>` executes `validation/executors/test.js` → `validation/validateTest.js`, which runs the job and compares `result` fields against `expect` clauses.
+
+### Tool XPath strategy
+
+The catalog maps XPaths to element metadata. Each tool uses a different approach to report the elements it flags:
+
+- `alfa`, `aslint`: report their own XPaths; Testaro normalizes them.
+- `ed11y`, `wave`: Testaro injects `window.getXPath` and calls it per element.
+- `axe`, `htmlcs`, `ibm`, `nuVal`, `nuVnu`, `qualWeb`: Testaro stamps `data-xpath` attributes on all elements before the tool runs.
+- `testaro`: each rule reports XPaths directly.
+
+### Environment (`.env`)
+
+Key variables:
+
+- `HEADED_BROWSER` — show browser windows during tests
+- `DEBUG` — mirror browser console to terminal
+- `WAITS` — ms delay inserted between Playwright operations (useful for debugging)
+- `WAVE_KEY` — API key for the WAVE subscription API
+- `JOBDIR` / `REPORTDIR` — root directories for job files and report output
+- `AGENT` — instance name used in network-watch mode
+- `NETWATCH_URL_<N>_JOB/OBSERVE/REPORT/AUTH`, `NETWATCH_URLS` — server polling configuration
+- `TIMEOUT_MULTIPLIER` — scales all per-tool time limits (default 1)
+
+## Code style
+
+ESLint (`eslintrc.json`): 2-space indent, single quotes, semicolons, Stroustrup brace style (`else`/`catch` on a new line after `}`), `no-use-before-define`. The `htmlcs/HTMLCS.js` file uses a separate, looser ESLint config and must not be reformatted.
+
+## Adding a new Testaro rule
+
+1. Add an entry to `allRules` in `tests/testaro.js`.
+2. Create `testaro/<ruleID>.js` exporting a `reporter` function using `doTest` (preferred) or `getBasicResult`.
+3. Write a validation job in `validation/tests/jobs/<ruleID>.json` with an `expect` array and corresponding HTML target(s) in `validation/tests/targets/<ruleID>/`.
+4. Run `npm test <ruleID>` until validation passes.
+
+## Key files
+
+| File | Purpose |
+|------|---------|
+| `run.js` | `doJob()` — the main entry point |
+| `call.js` | CLI wrapper for `run`, `dirWatch`, `netWatch` |
+| `procs/doActs.js` | Iterates acts; forks child for each tool |
+| `procs/doTestAct.js` | Child-process entry point for tool invocations |
+| `procs/testaro.js` | `doTest` / `getBasicResult` helpers for Testaro rules |
+| `procs/launch.js` | Browser lifecycle (launch, goTo, nonce, wait) |
+| `procs/catalog.js` | Builds the element catalog from the DOM |
+| `procs/job.js` | Job validation; `tools` constant |
+| `actSpecs.js` | Canonical specs for all 18 act types |
+| `tests/testaro.js` | `allRules` registry for the testaro tool |
+| `testaro/<ruleID>.js` | One file per Testaro rule |
+| `validation/validateTest.js` | Core validation harness |

package/netWatch.js

@@ -185,8 +185,6 @@ exports.netWatch = async (isForever, intervalInSeconds, isCertTolerant = true) =
                             console.log(
                               `${reportLogStart}response message: ${JSON.stringify(ackObj, null, 2)}\n`
                             );
-                            // Wait for the specified interval.
-                            await wait(1000 * intervalInSeconds);
                           }
                           // If it is not JSON:
                           catch(error) {

package/package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "testaro",
-  "version": "71.0.2",
+  "version": "71.1.0",
   "description": "Run 1000 web accessibility tests from 11 tools and get a standardized report",
   "main": "index.js",
   "scripts": {

package/procs/launch.js

@@ -82,10 +82,10 @@ const browserClose = exports.browserClose = async page => {
 };
 // Visits a URL and returns the response of the server.
 const goTo = exports.goTo = async (report, page, url, timeout, waitUntil) => {
-  // If the URL is a file path:
+  // If the URL is a file path relative to the project root:
   if (url.startsWith('file://')) {
-    // Make it absolute.
-    url = url.replace('file://', `file://${__dirname}/`);
+    // Make it the absolute path to the specified file.
+    url = url.replace('file://', `file://${__dirname}/../`);
   }
   // Visit the URL.
   const startTime = Date.now();

package/procs/testaro.js

@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ exports.doTest = async (
       getBadWhatString
     ] = args;
     // Get all violator candidates.
-    const candidates = document.body.querySelectorAll(candidateSelector);
+    const candidates = document.querySelectorAll(candidateSelector);
     let violationCount = 0;
     // Initialize proto-instances.
     const protoInstances = [];

package/testaro/adbID.js

@@ -57,6 +57,6 @@ exports.reporter = async (page, catalog, withItems) => {
   };
   const whats = 'Elements have aria-describedby attributes with missing or invalid id values';
   return await doTest(
-    page, catalog, withItems, 'adbID', '[aria-describedby]', whats, 3, getBadWhat.toString()
+    page, catalog, withItems, 'adbID', 'body [aria-describedby]', whats, 3, getBadWhat.toString()
   );
 };

package/testaro/allCapStyle.js

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+/*
+  © 2023 CVS Health and/or one of its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+  © 2025–2026 Jonathan Robert Pool.
+
+  Licensed under the MIT License. See LICENSE file at the project root or https://opensource.org/license/mit/ for details.
+
+  SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+*/
+
+/*
+  allCapStyle
+  Related to Tenon rule 153.
+  This test reports elements with transformed upper-case text. Blocks of upper-case text are difficult to read.
+*/
+
+// IMPORTS
+
+const {doTest} = require('../procs/testaro');
+
+// FUNCTIONS
+
+// Runs the test and returns the result.
+exports.reporter = async (page, catalog, withItems) => {
+  const getBadWhat = element => {
+    // Get the style declaration of the element.
+    const styleDec = window.getComputedStyle(element);
+    const {textTransform} = styleDec;
+    // If the style declaration transforms the element text to upper case:
+    if (textTransform === 'uppercase') {
+      const parent = element.parentElement;
+      // If the element has a parent:
+      if (parent) {
+        // Get the style declaration of the parent.
+        const parentStyleDec = window.getComputedStyle(parent);
+        const {textTransform: parentTextTransform} = parentStyleDec;
+        // If the style declaration transforms the parent text to upper case:
+        if (parentTextTransform === 'uppercase') {
+          // Do not report a violation, because the transformation may be inherited.
+          return null;
+        }
+      }
+      // If it has no parent or its transformation is autonomous, return a violation description.
+      return 'Element text is transformed into all-capitals';
+    }
+  };
+  const selector = 'body, body *:not(style, script, svg)';
+  const whats = 'Elements have an all-capital text transformation style';
+  return await doTest(
+    page, catalog, withItems, 'allCapStyle', selector, whats, 0, getBadWhat.toString()
+  );
+};

package/testaro/allCaps.js

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 /*
   allCaps
   Related to Tenon rule 153.
-  This test reports elements with native or transformed upper-case text at least 8 characters long. Blocks of upper-case text are difficult to read.
+  This test reports elements with native upper-case text at least 8 characters long. Blocks of upper-case text are difficult to read.
 */
 
 // IMPORTS
@@ -26,29 +26,13 @@ exports.reporter = async (page, catalog, withItems) => {
     const childTextNodes = Array.from(element.childNodes).filter(
       node => node.nodeType === Node.TEXT_NODE
     );
-    // Get the concatenation of their texts that contain 8 or more consecutive letters.
-    let longText = childTextNodes
-    .map(node => node.nodeValue.trim())
-    .filter(text => /[A-Z]{8,}/i.test(text))
-    .join(' ');
-    // If there is any:
-    if (longText) {
-      // Get the style declaration of the element.
-      const styleDec = window.getComputedStyle(element);
-      const {textTransform} = styleDec;
-      // If the style declaration transforms the text to upper case:
-      if (textTransform === 'uppercase') {
-        // Return a violation description.
-        return 'Element text is rendered as all-capital';
-      }
-      // Otherwise, if the text contains 8 or more consecutive upper-case letters:
-      if (/[A-Z]{8,}/.test(longText)) {
-        // Return a violation description.
-        return 'Element contains all-capital text';
-      }
+    // If any of them contains 8 or more consecutive capital letters:
+    if (childTextNodes.some(node => /[A-Z]{8,}/.test(node.nodeValue))) {
+      // Return a violation description.
+      return 'Element contains all-capital text';
     }
   };
-  const selector = 'body *:not(style, script, svg)';
+  const selector = 'body, body *:not(style, script, svg)';
   const whats = 'Elements have all-capital text';
   return await doTest(
     page, catalog, withItems, 'allCaps', selector, whats, 0, getBadWhat.toString()

package/testaro/allSlanted.js

@@ -26,11 +26,23 @@ exports.reporter = async (page, catalog, withItems) => {
     const {textContent} = element;
     // If the element contains 40 or more characters of slanted text:
     if (['italic', 'oblique'].includes(styleDec.fontStyle) && textContent.length > 39) {
-      // Return a violation description.
+      const parent = element.parentElement;
+      // If the element has a parent:
+      if (parent) {
+        // Get the style declaration of the parent.
+        const parentStyleDec = window.getComputedStyle(parent);
+        const {fontStyle: parentFontStyle} = parentStyleDec;
+        // If the parent also has slanted text:
+        if (['italic', 'oblique'].includes(parentFontStyle)) {
+          // Do not report a violation, because the slant may be inherited.
+          return null;
+        }
+      }
+      // If it has no parent or its slant is autonomous, return a violation description.
       return 'Element contains all-slanted text';
     }
   };
-  const selector = 'body *:not(style, script, svg)';
+  const selector = 'body, body *:not(style, script, svg)';
   const whats = 'Elements contain all-slanted text';
   return await doTest(
     page, catalog, withItems, 'allSlanted', selector, whats, 0, getBadWhat.toString()

package/testaro/altScheme.js

@@ -41,6 +41,6 @@ exports.reporter = async (page, catalog, withItems) => {
   };
   const whats = 'img elements have alt attributes with URL or filename values';
   return await doTest(
-    page, catalog, withItems, 'altScheme', 'img[alt]', whats, 1, getBadWhat.toString()
+    page, catalog, withItems, 'altScheme', 'body img[alt]', whats, 1, getBadWhat.toString()
   );
 };

package/testaro/attVal.js

@@ -31,6 +31,6 @@ exports.reporter = async (page, catalog, withItems, attributeName, areLicit, val
   };
   const whats = `Elements have attribute ${attributeName} with illicit values`;
   return await doTest(
-    page, catalog, withItems, 'attVal', `[${attributeName}]`, whats, 2, getBadWhat.toString()
+    page, catalog, withItems, 'attVal', `body [${attributeName}]`, whats, 2, getBadWhat.toString()
   );
 };

package/testaro/autocomplete.js

@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ exports.reporter = async (
       return `input has no autocomplete="${requiredAuto}" attribute`;
     }
   };
-  const selector = 'input[type=text], input[type=email], input:not([type])';
+  const selector = 'body input[type=text], body input[type=email], body input:not([type])';
   const whats = 'Inputs are missing required autocomplete attributes';
   const placeHolders = Object.keys(labels).map(key => `__${key}Labels__`);
   const replacers = Object.values(labels).map(value => JSON.stringify(value));

package/testaro/captionLoc.js

@@ -31,6 +31,6 @@ exports.reporter = async (page, catalog, withItems) => {
   };
   const whats = 'caption elements are not the first children of table elements';
   return await doTest(
-    page, catalog, withItems, 'captionLoc', 'caption', whats, 3, getBadWhat.toString()
+    page, catalog, withItems, 'captionLoc', 'body caption', whats, 3, getBadWhat.toString()
   );
 };

package/testaro/datalistRef.js

@@ -46,6 +46,6 @@ exports.reporter = async (page, catalog, withItems) => {
   };
   const whats = 'list attributes of input elements are empty or IDs of no or non-datalist elements';
   return await doTest(
-    page, catalog, withItems, 'datalistRef', 'input[list]', whats, 3, getBadWhat.toString()
+    page, catalog, withItems, 'datalistRef', 'body input[list]', whats, 3, getBadWhat.toString()
   );
 };

package/testaro/distortion.js

@@ -38,6 +38,6 @@ exports.reporter = async (page, catalog, withItems) => {
   };
   const whats = 'Elements distort their texts';
   return await doTest(
-    page, catalog, withItems, 'distortion', 'body *', whats, 0, getBadWhat.toString()
+    page, catalog, withItems, 'distortion', 'body, body *', whats, 0, getBadWhat.toString()
   );
 };

package/testaro/focAndOp.js

@@ -116,6 +116,6 @@ exports.reporter = async (page, catalog, withItems) => {
   };
   const whats = 'Elements are Tab-focusable but not operable or vice versa';
   return await doTest(
-    page, catalog, withItems, 'focAndOp', 'body *', whats, 2, getBadWhat.toString()
+    page, catalog, withItems, 'focAndOp', 'body, body *', whats, 2, getBadWhat.toString()
   );
 };

package/testaro/focInd.js

@@ -86,6 +86,6 @@ exports.reporter = async (page, catalog, withItems) => {
   };
   const whats = 'Elements fail to have standard focus indicators';
   return await doTest(
-    page, catalog, withItems, 'focInd', 'body *', whats, 1, getBadWhat.toString()
+    page, catalog, withItems, 'focInd', 'body, body *', whats, 1, getBadWhat.toString()
   );
 };

package/testaro/focVis.js

@@ -42,6 +42,6 @@ exports.reporter = async (page, catalog, withItems) => {
   };
   const whats = 'Visible links are above or to the left of the display';
   return await doTest(
-    page, catalog, withItems, 'focVis', 'a', whats, 2, getBadWhat.toString()
+    page, catalog, withItems, 'focVis', 'body a', whats, 2, getBadWhat.toString()
   );
 };

package/testaro/hovInd.js

@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ exports.reporter = async (page, catalog, withItems) => {
       }
     }
   };
-  const selector = 'a, button, input, [onmouseenter], [onmouseover]';
+  const selector = 'body a, body button, body input, body [onmouseenter], body [onmouseover]';
   const whats = 'elements have confusing hover indicators';
   return await doTest(page, catalog, withItems, 'hovInd', selector, whats, 1, getBadWhat.toString());
 };

package/testaro/hr.js

@@ -27,6 +27,6 @@ exports.reporter = async (page, catalog, withItems) => {
   }
   const whats = 'HR elements are used for vertical segmentation';
   return await doTest(
-    page, catalog, withItems, 'hr', 'hr', whats, 0, getBadWhat.toString()
+    page, catalog, withItems, 'hr', 'body hr', whats, 0, getBadWhat.toString()
   );
 };

package/testaro/imageLink.js

@@ -33,6 +33,6 @@ exports.reporter = async (page, catalog, withItems) => {
   };
   const whats = 'Links have image files as their destinations';
   return await doTest(
-    page, catalog, withItems, 'imageLink', 'a[href]', whats, 0, getBadWhat.toString()
+    page, catalog, withItems, 'imageLink', 'body  a[href]', whats, 0, getBadWhat.toString()
   );
 };

package/testaro/labClash.js

@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ exports.reporter = async (page, catalog, withItems) => {
       return `Element has inconsistent label types (${labelTypes.join(', ')})`;
     }
   };
-  const selector = 'button, input:not([type=hidden]), select, textarea';
+  const selector = 'body button, body input:not([type=hidden]), body select, body textarea';
   const whats = 'Elements have inconsistent label types';
   return await doTest(
     page, catalog, withItems, 'labClash', selector, whats, 2, getBadWhat.toString()

package/testaro/legendLoc.js

@@ -33,6 +33,6 @@ exports.reporter = async (page, catalog, withItems) => {
   };
   const whats = 'Legend elements are not the first children of fieldset elements';
   return await doTest(
-    page, catalog, withItems, 'legendLoc', 'legend', whats, 3, getBadWhat.toString()
+    page, catalog, withItems, 'legendLoc', 'body legend', whats, 3, getBadWhat.toString()
   );
 };

package/testaro/lineHeight.js

@@ -47,6 +47,6 @@ exports.reporter = async (page, catalog, withItems) => {
   };
   const whats = 'Element line heights are less than 1.5 times their font sizes';
   return await doTest(
-    page, catalog, withItems, 'lineHeight', '*', whats, 1, getBadWhat.toString()
+    page, catalog, withItems, 'lineHeight', 'body, body *', whats, 1, getBadWhat.toString()
   );
 };

package/testaro/linkExt.js

@@ -26,6 +26,6 @@ exports.reporter = async (page, catalog, withItems) => {
   };
   const whats = 'Links have target=_blank attributes';
   return await doTest(
-    page, catalog, withItems, 'linkExt', 'a[target=_blank]', whats, 0, getBadWhat.toString()
+    page, catalog, withItems, 'linkExt', 'body a[target=_blank]', whats, 0, getBadWhat.toString()
   );
 };

package/testaro/linkOldAtt.js

@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ exports.reporter = async (page, catalog, withItems) => {
       return `Element has deprecated attributes: ${elementBadAttNames.join(', ')}`;
     }
   };
-  const selector = 'a[charset], a[coords], a[name], a[rev], a[shape]';
+  const selector = 'body a[charset], body a[coords], body a[name], body a[rev], body a[shape]';
   const whats = 'Links have deprecated attributes';
   return await doTest(
     page, catalog, withItems, 'linkOldAtt', selector, whats, 1, getBadWhat.toString()

package/testaro/linkTo.js

@@ -33,6 +33,6 @@ exports.reporter = async (page, catalog, withItems) => {
   };
   const whats = 'Links are missing href attributes';
   return await doTest(
-    page, catalog, withItems, 'linkTo', 'a:not([href]', whats, 2, getBadWhat.toString()
+    page, catalog, withItems, 'linkTo', 'body a:not([href]', whats, 2, getBadWhat.toString()
   );
 };

package/testaro/linkUl.js

@@ -40,6 +40,6 @@ exports.reporter = async (page, catalog, withItems) => {
   };
   const whats = 'Links that are not list items are not underlined';
   return await doTest(
-    page, catalog, withItems, 'linkUl', 'a', whats, 1, getBadWhat.toString()
+    page, catalog, withItems, 'linkUl', 'body a', whats, 1, getBadWhat.toString()
   );
 };

package/testaro/miniText.js

@@ -48,6 +48,6 @@ exports.reporter = async (page, catalog, withItems) => {
   };
   const whats = 'Visible elements have font sizes smaller than 11 pixels';
   return await doTest(
-    page, catalog, withItems, 'miniText', 'body *:not(script, style)', whats, 2, getBadWhat.toString()
+    page, catalog, withItems, 'miniText', 'body, body *:not(script, style)', whats, 2, getBadWhat.toString()
   );
 };

package/testaro/nonTable.js

@@ -56,6 +56,6 @@ exports.reporter = async (page, catalog, withItems) => {
   };
   const whats = 'table elements are misused for non-table content';
   return await doTest(
-    page, catalog, withItems, 'nonTable', 'table', whats, 2, getBadWhat.toString()
+    page, catalog, withItems, 'nonTable', 'body table', whats, 2, getBadWhat.toString()
   );
 };

package/testaro/optRoleSel.js

@@ -32,6 +32,6 @@ exports.reporter = async (page, catalog, withItems) => {
   };
   const whats = 'Elements with role=option have no aria-selected attributes';
   return await doTest(
-    page, catalog, withItems, 'optRoleSel', '[role="option"]', whats, 1, getBadWhat.toString()
+    page, catalog, withItems, 'optRoleSel', 'body [role="option"]', whats, 1, getBadWhat.toString()
   );
 };

package/testaro/phOnly.js

@@ -34,6 +34,6 @@ exports.reporter = async (page, catalog, withItems) => {
   };
   const whats = 'input elements have placeholders but no accessible names';
   return await doTest(
-    page, catalog, withItems, 'phOnly', 'input[placeholder]', whats, 2, getBadWhat.toString()
+    page, catalog, withItems, 'phOnly', 'body input[placeholder]', whats, 2, getBadWhat.toString()
   );
 };

package/testaro/radioSet.js

@@ -69,6 +69,6 @@ exports.reporter = async (page, catalog, withItems) => {
   };
   const whats = 'Radio buttons are not validly grouped in fieldsets with legends';
   return await doTest(
-    page, catalog, withItems, 'radioSet', 'input[type=radio]', whats, 2, getBadWhat.toString()
+    page, catalog, withItems, 'radioSet', 'body input[type=radio]', whats, 2, getBadWhat.toString()
   );
 };

package/testaro/secHeading.js

@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ exports.reporter = async (page, catalog, withItems) => {
       }
     }
   };
-  const selector = 'section, article, nav, aside, main';
+  const selector = 'body section, body article, body nav, body aside, body main';
   const whats = 'First child headings of sectioning containers are deeper than others';
   return await doTest(
     page, catalog, withItems, 'secHeading', selector, whats, 0, getBadWhat.toString()

package/testaro/textSem.js

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ exports.reporter = async (page, catalog, withItems) => {
       }
     }
   };
-  const selector = 'i, b, small';
+  const selector = 'body i, body b, body small';
   const whats = 'Semantically vague elements i, b, and/or small are used';
   return await doTest(
     page, catalog, withItems, 'textSem', selector, whats, 0, getBadWhat.toString()

package/testaro/titledEl.js

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ exports.reporter = async (page, catalog, withItems) => {
     // Return a violation description.
     return `Likely ineffective title attribute is used on the ${elementType} element`;
   }
-  const selector = '[title]:not(iframe, link, style)';
+  const selector = 'body [title]:not(iframe, link, style)';
   const whats = 'title attributes are used on elements they are likely ineffective on';
   return await doTest(
     page, catalog, withItems, 'titledEl', selector, whats, 0, getBadWhat.toString()

package/testaro/zIndex.js

@@ -33,6 +33,6 @@ exports.reporter = async (page, catalog, withItems) => {
   };
   const whats = 'Elements have non-default Z indexes';
   return await doTest(
-    page, catalog, withItems, 'zIndex', 'body *', whats, 0, getBadWhat.toString()
+    page, catalog, withItems, 'zIndex', 'body, body *', whats, 0, getBadWhat.toString()
   );
 };

package/validation/tests/targets/allSlanted/index.html

@@ -30,7 +30,10 @@
       <p class="oblique">This text has been transformed by its style to oblique.</p>
       <p><em id="indirect">This text has no explicit style, but is in an em element, so is made italic by the user agent</em> except at the end</p>
       <p>This text is transformed to italic <span class="italic">only in small part</span>.</p>
-      <p>Qualifying text nodes: 3</p>
+      <div id="slantedParent" class="oblique">
+        <p>This text is oblique by inheritance from its parent.</p>
+      </div>
+      <p>Qualifying text nodes: 4</p>
     </main>
   </body>
 </html>