testaro 60.14.0 → 60.15.1

package/package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "testaro",
-  "version": "60.14.0",
+  "version": "60.15.1",
   "description": "Run 1000 web accessibility tests from 11 tools and get a standardized report",
   "main": "index.js",
   "scripts": {
@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@
     "@siteimprove/alfa-rules": "*",
     "@wally-ax/wax-dev": "npm:@jrpool/wax-dev@^1.0.0",
     "accessibility-checker": "*",
+    "aria-query": "*",
     "aslint-testaro": "*",
     "axe-playwright": "*",
     "dotenv": "*",

package/procs/isInlineLink.js

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
   A link is classified as inline unless its declared or effective display is block.
 */
 
+// Returns whether a locator references an inline link.
 exports.isInlineLink = async loc => await loc.evaluate(element => {
   // Returns the normalized text content of an element.
   const realTextOf = element => element ? element.textContent.replace(/\s/g, '') : '';

package/procs/testaro.js

@@ -155,6 +155,7 @@ exports.doTest = async (
 ) => {
   // Return totals and standard instances for the rule.
   return await page.evaluate(async args => {
+    // Get the arguments (summaryTagName must be upper-case or null).
     const [
       withItems,
       ruleID,

package/run.js

@@ -494,7 +494,7 @@ const launch = exports.launch = async (
           window.getInstance = (
             element, ruleID, what, count = 1, ordinalSeverity, summaryTagName = ''
           ) => {
-            // If the element exists:
+            // If an element has been specified:
             if (element) {
               // Get its properties.
               const boxData = element.getBoundingClientRect();
@@ -503,8 +503,9 @@ const launch = exports.launch = async (
               });
               const {x, y, width, height} = boxData;
               const {tagName, id = ''} = element;
-              const rawExcerpt = element.textContent.trim() || element.outerHTML.trim();
-              const excerpt = rawExcerpt.replace(/\s+/g, ' ').slice(0, 200);
+              const rawExcerpt = (element.textContent.trim() || element.outerHTML.trim())
+              .replace(/\s+/g, ' ');
+              const excerpt = rawExcerpt.slice(0, 200);
               // Return an itemized instance.
               return {
                 ruleID,
@@ -528,7 +529,7 @@ const launch = exports.launch = async (
                 pathID: window.getXPath(element)
               };
             }
-            // Otherwise, i.e. if no element exists, return a summary instance.
+            // Otherwise, i.e. if no element has been specified, return a summary instance.
             return {
               ruleID,
               what,

package/testaro/adbID.js

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
   © 2025 CVS Health and/or one of its affiliates. All rights reserved.
-  © 2025 Juan S. Casado. All rights reserved.
+  © 2025 Juan S. Casado.
   © 2025 Jonathan Robert Pool.
 
   Licensed under the MIT License. See LICENSE file at the project root or

package/testaro/altScheme.js

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
   © 2025 CVS Health and/or one of its affiliates. All rights reserved.
-  © 2025 Juan S. Casado. All rights reserved.
+  © 2025 Juan S. Casado.
   © 2025 Jonathan Robert Pool.
 
   Licensed under the MIT License. See LICENSE file at the project root or

package/testaro/captionLoc.js

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
   © 2025 CVS Health and/or one of its affiliates. All rights reserved.
-  © 2025 Juan S. Casado. All rights reserved.
+  © 2025 Juan S. Casado.
   © 2025 Jonathan Robert Pool.
 
   Licensed under the MIT License. See LICENSE file at the project root or

package/testaro/datalistRef.js

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
   © 2025 CVS Health and/or one of its affiliates. All rights reserved.
-  © 2025 Juan S. Casado. All rights reserved.
+  © 2025 Juan S. Casado.
   © 2025 Jonathan Robert Pool.
 
   Licensed under the MIT License. See LICENSE file at the project root or

package/testaro/hover.js

@@ -17,12 +17,12 @@
   the rule is considered violated.
 */
 
-// ########## IMPORTS
+// IMPORTS
 
 // Module to perform common operations.
 const {getBasicResult, getVisibleCountChange} = require('../procs/testaro');
 
-// ########## FUNCTIONS
+// FUNCTIONS
 
 // Gets a violation description.
 const getViolationDescription = (change, elapsedTime) =>

package/testaro/imageLink.js

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
   © 2025 CVS Health and/or one of its affiliates. All rights reserved.
-  © 2025 Juan S. Casado. All rights reserved.
+  © 2025 Juan S. Casado.
 
   Licensed under the MIT License. See LICENSE file at the project root or
   https://opensource.org/license/mit/ for details.

package/testaro/legendLoc.js

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
   © 2025 CVS Health and/or one of its affiliates. All rights reserved.
-  © 2025 Juan S. Casado. All rights reserved.
+  © 2025 Juan S. Casado.
 
   Licensed under the MIT License. See LICENSE file at the project root or
   https://opensource.org/license/mit/ for details.

package/testaro/linkAmb.js

@@ -15,46 +15,69 @@
   Text contents are compared case-insensitively.
 */
 
-// Module to perform common operations.
-const {init, getRuleResult} = require('../procs/testaro');
-// Module to get locator data.
-const {getLocatorData} = require('../procs/getLocatorData');
-
-// ########## FUNCTIONS
+// FUNCTIONS
 
 // Runs the test and returns the result.
 exports.reporter = async (page, withItems) => {
-  // Initialize the locators and result.
-  const all = await init(100, page, 'a[href]:visible');
-  const linksData = [];
-  // For each locator:
-  for (const loc of all.allLocs) {
-    // Get its text.
-    const elData = await getLocatorData(loc);
-    const linkText = elData.excerpt.toLowerCase();
-    // Get its destination.
-    const linkTo = await loc.getAttribute('href');
-    // If the text and destination exist:
-    if (linkText && linkTo) {
-      // If a previous link has the same text but a different destination:
-      if (linksData.some(linkData => linkData.text === linkText && linkData.to !== linkTo)) {
-        // Add the locator to the array of violators.
-        all.locs.push(loc);
-      }
-      // Otherwise, i.e. if no previous link has the same taxt but a different destination:
-      else {
-        // Record its text and destination.
-        linksData.push({
-          text: linkText,
-          to: linkTo
-        });
+  // Return totals and standard instances for the rule.
+  return await page.evaluate(withItems => {
+    // Get all links.
+    const allLinks = Array.from(document.body.getElementsByTagName('a'));
+    // Get the visible ones.
+    const visibleLinks = allLinks.filter(link => link.checkVisibility({
+      contentVisibilityAuto: true,
+      opacityProperty: true,
+      visibilityProperty: true
+    }));
+    // Initialize the data.
+    const linksData = {
+      elementData: [],
+      textTotals: {}
+    };
+    // For each visible link:
+    visibleLinks.forEach(element => {
+      // Get its trimmed and lowercased text.
+      const text = element.textContent.trim().toLowerCase();
+      // Get its destination.
+      const href = element.getAttribute('href');
+      // Add to the data.
+      linksData.elementData.push([text, href]);
+      linksData.textTotals[text] ??= {
+        linkCount: 0,
+        hrefs: new Set()
+      };
+      const linkData = linksData.textTotals[text];
+      linkData.linkCount++;
+      linkData.hrefs.add(href);
+    });
+    let violationCount = 0;
+    const instances = [];
+    // For each visible link:
+    visibleLinks.forEach((element, index) => {
+      const text = linksData.elementData[index][0];
+      const {linkCount, hrefs} = linksData.textTotals[text];
+      // If it violates the rule:
+      if (hrefs.size > 1) {
+        // Increment the violation count.
+        violationCount++;
+        // If itemization is required:
+        if (withItems) {
+          const what = `${linkCount} links with this text have ${hrefs.size} different destinations`;
+          // Add an instance to the instances.
+          instances.push(window.getInstance(element, 'linkAmb', what, 1, 2));
+        }
       }
+    });
+    // If there were any violations and itemization is not required:
+    if (violationCount && ! withItems) {
+      const what = 'Links have the same text but different destinations';
+      // Add a summary instance to the instances.
+      instances.push(window.getInstance(null, 'linkAmb', what, violationCount, 2, 'A'));
     }
-  }
-  // Populate and return the result.
-  const whats = [
-    'Link has the same text as, but a different destination from, another',
-    'Links have the same texts but different destinations'
-  ];
-  return await getRuleResult(withItems, all, 'linkAmb', whats, 2);
+    return {
+      data: {},
+      totals: [0, 0, violationCount, 0],
+      standardInstances: instances
+    };
+  }, withItems);
 };

package/testaro/miniText.js

@@ -47,6 +47,6 @@ exports.reporter = async (page, withItems) => {
   };
   const whats = 'Visible elements have font sizes smaller than 11 pixels';
   return await doTest(
-    page, withItems, 'miniText', 'body *:not(script, style)', whats, 2, '', getBadWhat.toString()
+    page, withItems, 'miniText', 'body *:not(script, style)', whats, 2, null, getBadWhat.toString()
   );
 };

package/testaro/motion.js

@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ exports.reporter = async page => {
   // Get the screenshot PNG buffers made by the shoot0 and shoot1 tests.
   let shoot0PNGBuffer = await fs.readFile(`${tmpDir}/testaro-shoot-0.png`);
   let shoot1PNGBuffer = await fs.readFile(`${tmpDir}/testaro-shoot-1.png`);
-  // Delete the buffers files.
+  // Delete the buffer files.
   await fs.unlink(`${tmpDir}/testaro-shoot-0.png`);
   await fs.unlink(`${tmpDir}/testaro-shoot-1.png`);
   // If both buffers exist:

package/testaro/optRoleSel.js

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
   © 2025 CVS Health and/or one of its affiliates. All rights reserved.
-  © 2025 Juan S. Casado. All rights reserved.
+  © 2025 Juan S. Casado.
 
   Licensed under the MIT License. See LICENSE file at the project root or
   https://opensource.org/license/mit/ for details.

package/testaro/phOnly.js

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 /*
   © 2025 CVS Health and/or one of its affiliates. All rights reserved.
-  © 2025 Juan S. Casado. All rights reserved.
+  © 2025 Juan S. Casado.
+  © 2025 Jonathan Robert Pool.
 
   Licensed under the MIT License. See LICENSE file at the project root or
   https://opensource.org/license/mit/ for details.
@@ -10,42 +11,31 @@
 
 /*
   phOnly
-  Clean-room rule: input elements that have a placeholder but no accessible name (no label/title/aria-label/aria-labelledby)
+  Clean-room rule: This test reports input elements that have placeholders but no accessible names.
+  The standard for accessible name computation is employed; it accepts title attributes as
+  sources for accessible names. Thus, this test does not report reliance on title attributes for
+  accessible names, although such reliance is generally considered a poor practice.
 */
 
-const {init, getRuleResult} = require('../procs/testaro');
+// IMPORTS
 
-const hasAccessibleName = async (loc) => {
-  return await loc.evaluate(el => {
-  // Quick accessible name checks: aria-label, aria-labelledby, associated <label>
-  // NOTE: `title` is intentionally NOT considered a reliable accessible name here
-  // because the validation targets expect placeholders with title attributes to be flagged.
-  if (el.hasAttribute('aria-label')) return true;
-  if (el.hasAttribute('aria-labelledby')) return true;
-    // check for label[for]
-    const id = el.getAttribute('id');
-    if (id) {
-      if (document.querySelector(`label[for="${CSS.escape(id)}"]`)) return true;
-    }
-    // check implicit ancestor label
-    let parent = el.parentElement;
-    while (parent) {
-      if (parent.tagName && parent.tagName.toUpperCase() === 'LABEL') return true;
-      parent = parent.parentElement;
-    }
-    return false;
-  });
-};
+const {doTest} = require('../procs/testaro');
 
+// FUNCTIONS
+
+// Runs the test and returns the result.
 exports.reporter = async (page, withItems) => {
-  const all = await init(200, page, 'input[placeholder]');
-  for (const loc of all.allLocs) {
-    const isBad = await hasAccessibleName(loc).then(has => !has);
-    if (isBad) all.locs.push(loc);
-  }
-  const whats = [
-    'Element has a placeholder but no accessible name',
-    'input elements have placeholders but no accessible names'
-  ];
-  return await getRuleResult(withItems, all, 'phOnly', whats, 2, 'INPUT');
+  const getBadWhat = element => {
+    // Get the accessible name of the element.
+    const accessibleName = window.getAccessibleName(element);
+    // If there is none:
+    if (! accessibleName) {
+      // Return a violation description.
+      return 'Element has a placeholder but no accessible name';
+    }
+  };
+  const whats = 'input elements have placeholders but no accessible names';
+  return await doTest(
+    page, withItems, 'phOnly', 'input[placeholder]', whats, 2, 'INPUT', getBadWhat.toString()
+  );
 };

package/testaro/pseudoP.json

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+{
+  "ruleID": "pseudoP",
+  "selector": "body br + br",
+  "complaints": {
+    "instance": "br element follows another br element, likely acting as a pseudo-paragraph",
+    "summary": "br elements follow other br elements, likely acting as pseudo-paragraphs"
+  },
+  "ordinalSeverity": 0,
+  "summaryTagName": "BR"
+}

package/testaro/radioSet.js

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 /*
   © 2021–2023 CVS Health and/or one of its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+  © 2025 Jonathan Robert Pool.
 
   Licensed under the MIT License. See LICENSE file at the project root or
   https://opensource.org/license/mit/ for details.
@@ -9,101 +10,68 @@
 
 /*
   radioSet
-  This test reports nonstandard grouping of radio buttons. It defines standard grouping to require
-  that two or more radio buttons with the same name, and no other radio buttons, be grouped in a
-  'fieldset' element with a valid 'legend' element.
+  This test reports nonstandard groupings of radio buttons. It defines a standard grouping to
+  require that two or more radio buttons with the same name, and no other radio buttons, be grouped
+  in a fieldset element with a valid legend element.
 */
 
-// ########## IMPORTS
+// IMPORTS
 
-// Module to perform common operations.
-const {init, getRuleResult} = require('../procs/testaro');
+const {doTest} = require('../procs/testaro');
 
-// ########## FUNCTIONS
+// FUNCTIONS
 
 // Runs the test and returns the result.
 exports.reporter = async (page, withItems) => {
-  // Initialize the locators and result.
-  const all = await init(100, page, 'input[type=radio]');
-  const params = {
-    nameLeak: 'shares a name with others outside its field set',
-    fsMixed: 'shares a field set with others having different names',
-    only1RB: 'is the only one with its name in its field set',
-    legendBad: 'is in a field set without a valid legend',
-    noFS: 'is not in a field set',
-    noName: 'has no name attribute'
-  };
-  // For each locator:
-  for (const loc of all.allLocs) {
-    // Get whether and, if so, how it violates the rule.
-    const howBad = await loc.evaluate(el => {
-      // Get its name.
-      const elName = el.name;
-      // If it has one:
-      if (elName) {
-        // Identify the field set of the element.
-        const elFS = el.closest('fieldset');
-        // If it has one:
-        if (elFS) {
-          // Get the first child element of the field set.
-          const fsChild1 = elFS.firstElementChild;
-          // Get whether the child is a legend with text content.
-          const legendOK = fsChild1.tagName === 'LEGEND'
-          && fsChild1.textContent.replace(/\s/g, '').length;
-          // If it is:
-          if (legendOK) {
-            // Get the count of radio buttons with the same name in the field set.
-            const nameGroupSize = elFS
-            .querySelectorAll(`input[type=radio][name=${elName}]`)
-            .length;
-            // If the count is at least 2:
-            if (nameGroupSize > 1) {
-              // Get the count of radio buttons in the field set.
-              const groupSize = elFS.querySelectorAll('input[type=radio]').length;
-              // If it is the same:
-              if (groupSize === nameGroupSize) {
-                // Get the count of radio buttons with the same name in the document.
-                const nameDocSize = document
-                .querySelectorAll(`input[type=radio][name=${elName}]`)
-                .length;
-                // If none of them is outside the field set:
-                if (nameDocSize === nameGroupSize) {
-                  // Return rule conformance.
-                  return false;
-                }
-                else {
-                  return 'nameLeak';
-                }
-              }
-              else {
-                return 'fsMixed';
-              }
-            }
-            else {
-              return 'only1RB';
-            }
-          }
-          else {
-            return 'legendBad';
-          }
-        }
-        else {
-          return 'noFS';
-        }
-      }
-      else {
-        return 'noName';
-      }
-    });
-    // If it does:
-    if (howBad) {
-      // Add the locator to the array of violators.
-      all.locs.push([loc, params[howBad]]);
+  const getBadWhat = element => {
+    // Get the name of the element.
+    const elName = element.name;
+    // If it has none:
+    if (! elName) {
+      // Return a violation description.
+      return 'radio button has no name attribute';
+    }
+    // Identify the field set of the element.
+    const elFS = element.closest('fieldset');
+    // If it has none:
+    if (! elFS) {
+      // Return a violation description.
+      return 'radio button is not in a field set';
+    }
+    // Get the first child element of the field set.
+    const fsChild1 = elFS.firstElementChild;
+    // Get whether the child is a legend with text content.
+    const legendOK = fsChild1.tagName === 'LEGEND'
+    && fsChild1.textContent.replace(/\s/g, '').length;
+    // If it is not:
+    if (! legendOK) {
+      // Return a violation description.
+      return 'radio button is in a field set without a valid legend';
+    }
+    // Get the count of radio buttons with the same name in the field set.
+    const nameGroupSize = elFS.querySelectorAll(`input[type=radio][name=${elName}]`).length;
+    // If the count is only 1:
+    if (nameGroupSize === 1) {
+      // Return a violation description.
+      return 'radio button is the only one with its name in its field set';
     }
-  }
-  // Populate and return the result.
-  const whats = [
-    'Radio button __param__', 'Radio buttons are not validly grouped in fieldsets with legends'
-  ];
-  return await getRuleResult(withItems, all, 'radioSet', whats, 2, 'INPUT');
+    // Get the count of radio buttons in the field set.
+    const groupSize = elFS.querySelectorAll('input[type=radio]').length;
+    // If it is greater than the count of radio buttons with the same name in the field set:
+    if (groupSize > nameGroupSize) {
+      // Return a violation description.
+      return 'radio button shares a field set with differently named others';
+    }
+    // Get the count of radio buttons with the same name in the document.
+    const nameDocSize = document.querySelectorAll(`input[type=radio][name=${elName}]`).length;
+    // If it is greater, and thus some such radio button is outside the field set:
+    if (nameDocSize > nameGroupSize) {
+      // Return a violation description.
+      return 'radio button shares a name with others outside its field set';
+    }
+  };
+  const whats = 'Radio buttons are not validly grouped in fieldsets with legends';
+  return await doTest(
+    page, withItems, 'radioSet', 'input[type=radio]', whats, 2, 'INPUT', getBadWhat.toString()
+  );
 };

package/testaro/role.js

@@ -15,75 +15,35 @@
 
 // IMPORTS
 
-// Module to perform common operations.
-const {init, getRuleResult} = require('../procs/testaro');
+const {elementRoles} = require('aria-query');
+const {getBasicResult} = require('../procs/testaro');
 
 // CONSTANTS
 
-  // Implicit roles
-  const roleImplications = {
-    article: 'article',
-    aside: 'complementary',
-    button: 'button',
-    datalist: 'listbox',
-    dd: 'definition',
-    details: 'group',
-    dfn: 'term',
-    dialog: 'dialog',
-    dt: 'term',
-    fieldset: 'group',
-    figure: 'figure',
-    h1: 'heading',
-    h2: 'heading',
-    h3: 'heading',
-    h4: 'heading',
-    h5: 'heading',
-    h6: 'heading',
-    hr: 'separator',
-    html: 'document',
-    'input[type=number]': 'spinbutton',
-    'input[type=text]': 'textbox',
-    'input[type=text, list]': 'combobox',
-    li: 'listitem',
-    main: 'main',
-    math: 'math',
-    menu: 'list',
-    nav: 'navigation',
-    ol: 'list',
-    output: 'status',
-    progress: 'progressbar',
-    summary: 'button',
-    SVG: 'graphics-document',
-    table: 'table',
-    tbody: 'rowgroup',
-    textarea: 'textbox',
-    tfoot: 'rowgroup',
-    thead: 'rowgroup',
-    tr: 'row',
-    ul: 'list'
-  };
-  const implicitRoles = new Set(Object.values(roleImplications));
+// Implicit roles
+const implicitRoles = new Set(Array.from(elementRoles.values()).flat());
 
 // FUNCTIONS
 
 // Runs the test and returns the result.
 exports.reporter = async (page, withItems) => {
-  // Get locators for all elements with explicit roles.
-  const all = await init(100, page, '[role]');
-  // For each locator:
-  for (const loc of all.allLocs) {
-    // Get the explicit role of the element.
-    const role = await loc.getAttribute('role');
-    // If it is also implicit:
-    if (implicitRoles.has(role)) {
-      // Add the locator to the array of violators.
-      all.locs.push([loc, role]);
+  // Get locators for the elements with explicit roles.
+  const loc = page.locator('[role]');
+  const locs = await loc.all();
+  const violations = [];
+  // Get data on those with roles that are also implicit.
+  for (const loc of locs) {
+    const roleSpec = await loc.getAttribute('role');
+    const roles = roleSpec.split(/\s+/);
+    const badRole = roles.find(role => implicitRoles.has(role));
+    if (badRole) {
+      violations.push({
+        loc,
+        what: `Explicit ${badRole} role of the element is also an implicit HTML element role`
+      });
     }
   }
-  // Populate and return the result.
-  const whats = [
-    'Element has an explicit __param__ role, which is also an implicit HTML element role',
-    'Elements have roles assigned that are also implicit roles of HTML elements'
-  ];
-  return await getRuleResult(withItems, all, 'role', whats, 0);
+  // Get and return a result.
+  const whats = 'Elements have roles assigned that are also implicit HTML element roles';
+  return await getBasicResult(page, withItems, 'role', 0, null, whats, {}, violations);
 };

package/testaro/secHeading.js

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 /*
   © 2025 CVS Health and/or one of its affiliates. All rights reserved.
-  © 2025 Juan S. Casado. All rights reserved.
+  © 2025 Juan S. Casado.
+  © 2025 Jonathan Robert Pool.
 
   Licensed under the MIT License. See LICENSE file at the project root or
   https://opensource.org/license/mit/ for details.
@@ -10,35 +11,44 @@
 
 /*
   secHeading
-  Flag headings that are a lower-numbered heading (e.g., H2 after H3) than the
-  immediately preceding heading within the same sectioning container.
+  This test reports sectioning containers that have child headings of which the first has a depth
+  (i.e. level) lower than at least one of the others. An example is a section element whose first
+  heading child is an h3 element and whose subsequent heading children include an h2 element. The
+  first child heading is presumed the principal heading of the container, so this pattern merits
+  scrutiny.
 */
 
-const {init, getRuleResult} = require('../procs/testaro');
+// IMPORTS
 
+const {doTest} = require('../procs/testaro');
+
+// FUNCTIONS
+
+// Runs the test and returns the result.
 exports.reporter = async (page, withItems) => {
-  const all = await init(200, page, 'h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6');
-  for (const loc of all.allLocs) {
-    const isBad = await loc.evaluate(el => {
-      // find nearest sectioning ancestor
-      let ancestor = el.parentElement;
-      while (ancestor && !['SECTION','ARTICLE','NAV','ASIDE','MAIN','BODY','HTML'].includes(ancestor.tagName)) {
-        ancestor = ancestor.parentElement;
+  const getBadWhat = element => {
+    // Get the children of the element.
+    const children = Array.from(element.children);
+    // Get the headings among them.
+    const headingChildren = children.filter(child => /^H[1-6]$/.test(child.tagName));
+    // Get their depths.
+    const headingChildDepths = headingChildren.map(child => Number(child.tagName.slice(1)));
+    // If there are 2 or more heading children:
+    if (headingChildren.length > 1) {
+      // Get the depth of the first of them.
+      const firstHeadingDepth = headingChildDepths[0];
+      // Get the minimum of their depths.
+      const minHeadingDepth = Math.min(...headingChildDepths);
+      // If any heading is less deep than the first:
+      if (minHeadingDepth < firstHeadingDepth) {
+        // Return a violation description.
+        return `First child heading is H${firstHeadingDepth}, but another is H${minHeadingDepth}`;
       }
-      if (!ancestor) return false;
-      const headings = Array.from(ancestor.querySelectorAll('h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6'));
-      const idx = headings.indexOf(el);
-      if (idx <= 0) return false;
-      const prev = headings[idx - 1];
-      const curLevel = Number(el.tagName.substring(1));
-      const prevLevel = Number(prev.tagName.substring(1));
-      return curLevel < prevLevel;
-    });
-    if (isBad) all.locs.push(loc);
-  }
-  const whats = [
-    'Element violates the logical level order in its sectioning container',
-    'Heading elements violate the logical level order in their sectioning containers'
-  ];
-  return await getRuleResult(withItems, all, 'secHeading', whats, 1);
+    }
+  };
+  const selector = 'SECTION, ARTICLE, NAV, ASIDE, MAIN';
+  const whats = 'First child headings of sectioning containers are deeper than others';
+  return await doTest(
+    page, withItems, 'secHeading', selector, whats, 0, null, getBadWhat.toString()
+  );
 };

package/testaro/targetSmall.js

@@ -10,38 +10,96 @@
 
 /*
   targetSmall
-  Related to Tenon rule 152, but stricter.
-  This test reports visible buttons, inputs, and non-inline links with widths or heights smaller
-  than 44 pixels.
+  Related to Tenon rule 152.
+  This test reports visible pointer targets, i.e. labels, buttons, inputs, and links, that are
+  small enough or near enough to other targets to make pointer interaction difficult. This test
+  relates to WCAG 2.2 Success Criteria 2.5.5 and 2.5.8, but does not attempt to implement either
+  of them precisely. For example, the test reports a small pointer target that is far from all
+  other targets, although it conforms to the Success Criteria.
 */
 
-// ########## IMPORTS
-
-// Module to perform common operations.
-const {init, getRuleResult} = require('../procs/testaro');
-// Module to classify links.
-const {isTooSmall} = require('../procs/target');
-
-// ########## FUNCTIONS
+// FUNCTIONS
 
 // Runs the test and returns the result.
 exports.reporter = async (page, withItems) => {
-  // Initialize the locators and result.
-  const all = await init(100, page, 'a:visible, button:visible, input:visible');
-  // For each locator:
-  for (const loc of all.allLocs) {
-    // Get data on it if illicitly small.
-    const sizeData = await isTooSmall(loc, 44);
-    // If it is:
-    if (sizeData) {
-      // Add the locator to the array of violators.
-      all.locs.push([loc, `${sizeData.width} wide by ${sizeData.height} high`]);
+  // Return totals and standard instances for the rule.
+  return await page.evaluate(withItems => {
+    // Get all pointer targets.
+    const allPTs = Array.from(document.body.querySelectorAll('label, button, input, a'));
+    // Get the visible ones.
+    const visiblePTs = allPTs.filter(pt => pt.checkVisibility({
+      contentVisibilityAuto: true,
+      opacityProperty: true,
+      visibilityProperty: true
+    }));
+    // Initialize the data.
+    const ptsData = [];
+    // For each visible pointer target:
+    visiblePTs.forEach(element => {
+      // Get the coordinates of its centerpoint.
+      const rect = element.getBoundingClientRect();
+      const centerX = rect.left + rect.width / 2;
+      const centerY = rect.top + rect.height / 2;
+      // Add them to the data.
+      ptsData.push([centerX, centerY]);
+    });
+    // Initialize the counts of minor and major violations.
+    let violationCounts = [0, 0];
+    const instances = [];
+    // For each visible pointer target:
+    visiblePTs.forEach((element, index) => {
+      // Get the minimum of the vertical distances of its centerpoint from those of the others.
+      const minYDiff = ptsData[index][1] - Math.abs(
+        Math.min(...ptsData.splice(index, 1).map(ptData => ptData[1]))
+      );
+      // If it is close enough to make a violation possible:
+      if (minYDiff < 44) {
+        // Get the centerpoint coordinates of those within that vertical distance.
+        const yNearPTsData = ptsData.splice(index, 1).filter(
+          ptData => Math.abs(ptData[1] - ptsData[index][1]) < 44
+        );
+        // Get the minimum of their planar distances.
+        const minPlanarDistance = Math.min(...yNearPTsData.map(ptData => {
+          const planarDistance = Math.sqrt(
+            Math.pow(centerX - ptData[0], 2) + Math.pow(centerY - ptData[1], 2)
+          );
+          return planarDistance;
+        }));
+        // If the minimum planar distance is less than 44px:
+        if (minPlanarDistance < 44) {
+          const isVeryNear = minPlanarDistance < 24;
+          // Get the ordinal severity of the violation.
+          const ordinalSeverity = isVeryNear ? 3 : 2;
+          // Increment the applicable violation count.
+          violationCounts[isVeryNear ? 1 : 0]++;
+          // If itemization is required:
+          if (withItems) {
+            const what = `Pointer-target centerpoint is only ${Math.round(minPlanarDistance)}px from another one`;
+            // Add an instance to the instances.
+            instances.push(window.getInstance(element, 'targetSmall', what, 1, ordinalSeverity));
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    });
+    // If itemization is not required:
+    if (! withItems) {
+      // If there were any major violations:
+      if (violationCounts[1]) {
+        const what = 'Pointer-target centerpoints are less than 24px from others';
+        // Add a summary instance to the instances.
+        instances.push(window.getInstance(null, 'targetSmall', what, violationCounts[1], 1));
+      }
+      // If there were any minor violations:
+      if (violationCounts[0]) {
+        const what = 'Pointer-target centerpoints are less than 44px from others';
+        // Add a summary instance to the instances.
+        instances.push(window.getInstance(null, 'targetSmall', what, violationCounts[0], 0));
+      }
     }
-  };
-  // Populate and return the result.
-  const whats = [
-    'Interactive element pixel size (__param__) is less than 44 by 44',
-    'Interactive elements are smaller than 44 pixels wide and high'
-  ];
-  return await getRuleResult(withItems, all, 'targetSmall', whats, 0);
+    return {
+      data: {},
+      totals: [...violationCounts, 0, 0],
+      standardInstances: instances
+    };
+  }, withItems);
 };

package/testaro/textSem.js

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
   © 2025 CVS Health and/or one of its affiliates. All rights reserved.
-  © 2025 Juan S. Casado. All rights reserved.
+  © 2025 Juan S. Casado.
 
   Licensed under the MIT License. See LICENSE file at the project root or
   https://opensource.org/license/mit/ for details.

package/tests/testaro.js

@@ -191,7 +191,7 @@ const allRules = [
     id: 'linkAmb',
     what: 'links with identical texts but different destinations',
     launchRole: 'sharer',
-    timeOut: 5,
+    timeOut: 50,
     defaultOn: true
   },
   {
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ const allRules = [
     id: 'linkTitle',
     what: 'links with title attributes repeating text content',
     launchRole: 'sharer',
-    timeOut: 5,
+    timeOut: 10,
     defaultOn: true
   },
   {
@@ -294,14 +294,7 @@ const allRules = [
   },
   {
     id: 'targetSmall',
-    what: 'buttons, inputs, and non-inline links smaller than 44 pixels wide and high',
-    launchRole: 'sharer',
-    timeOut: 5,
-    defaultOn: true
-  },
-  {
-    id: 'targetTiny',
-    what: 'buttons, inputs, and non-inline links smaller than 24 pixels wide and high',
+    what: 'labels, buttons, inputs, and links too near each other',
     launchRole: 'sharer',
     timeOut: 5,
     defaultOn: true

package/validation/tests/targets/linkAmb/index.html

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
         <li><a id="basqueInfoWP0" href="https://eus.wikipedia.org">Basque information</a></li>
         <li><a id="basqueInfoWP1" href="https://eus.wikipedia.org">Basque information</a></li>
       </ul>
-      <p>However, the next two links are ambiguous, because their names are the same and yet they have different destinations:</p>
+      <p>However, they are made ambiguous by the second link below. As a result, there are 4 ambiguous links, with 2 different destinations.</p>
       <ul>
         <li><a id="basqueInfoWP2" href="https://eus.wikipedia.org">Basque information</a></li>
         <li><a id="basqueInfoICB" href="https://www.eke.eus/en/kultura/basque-country">Basque information</a></li>

package/validation/tests/targets/phOnly/index.html

@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@
       <h3>Input with no label</h3>
       <p>Enter the name of a company</p>
       <p><input size="30" maxlength="30" name="company2" placeholder="company"></p>
-      <p>The last two inputs violate the phOnly rule.</p>
+      <p>The last input violates the phOnly rule.</p>
     </main>
   </body>
 </html>

package/validation/tests/targets/secHeading/index.html

@@ -32,11 +32,11 @@
         <p>More detailed information about the blip of the blah.</p>
         <h3>This heads a second part of the same section.</h3>
         <p>More detailed information about the swax of the blah.</p>
-        <h2>This heading is illogical</h2>
-        <p>This should have been its own section.</p>
+        <h2>This heading is not quite illogical</h2>
+        <p>This would have started its own section if each section started with a uniquely top-level heading.</p>
       </section>
       <section>
-        <h2>This heads another illogical section.</h2>
+        <h2>This heads a truly illogical section.</h2>
         <p>Information about blah.</p>
         <h1>This heading is fundamentally illogical</h1>
         <p>It is not obvious what information belongs here.</p>
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@
         <p>More detailed information about the blip of the blah.</p>
         <h3>This heads a second part of the same article.</h3>
         <p>More detailed information about the swax of the blah.</p>
-        <h2>This article heading is illogical</h2>
+        <h1>This article heading is illogical</h1>
         <p>This should have been its own article.</p>
       </article>
     </main>

package/testaro/pseudoP.js

@@ -1,51 +0,0 @@
-/*
-  © 2023 CVS Health and/or one of its affiliates. All rights reserved.
-
-  Licensed under the MIT License. See LICENSE file at the project root or
-  https://opensource.org/license/mit/ for details.
-
-  SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
-*/
-
-/*
-  pseudoP
-  Related to Tenon rule 242.
-  This test reports 2 or more sequential br elements. They may be inferior substitutes for a
-  p element.
-*/
-
-// ########## IMPORTS
-
-// Module to perform common operations.
-const {init, getRuleResult} = require('../procs/testaro');
-
-// ########## FUNCTIONS
-
-// Runs the test and returns the result.
-exports.reporter = async (page, withItems) => {
-  // Initialize the locators and result.
-  const all = await init(100, page, 'body br + br');
-  // For each locator:
-  for (const loc of all.allLocs) {
-    // Return whether the second br element violates the rule.
-    const parentTagNameIfBad = await loc.evaluate(el => {
-      el.parentElement.normalize();
-      const previousSib = el.previousSibling;
-      return previousSib.nodeType === Node.ELEMENT_NODE
-      || previousSib.nodeType === Node.TEXT_NODE && /^\s+$/.test(previousSib)
-        ? el.parentElement.tagName
-        : false;
-    });
-    // If it does:
-    if (parentTagNameIfBad) {
-      // Add the locator to the array of violators.
-      all.locs.push([loc, parentTagNameIfBad]);
-    }
-  }
-  // Populate and return the result.
-  const whats = [
-    'Adjacent BR elements within a __param__ element may be pseudo-paragraphs',
-    'Elements contain 2 or more adjacent br elements that may be pseudo-paragraphs'
-  ];
-  return await getRuleResult(withItems, all, 'pseudoP', whats, 0, 'br');
-};

package/testaro/targetTiny.js

@@ -1,47 +0,0 @@
-/*
-  © 2023–2025 CVS Health and/or one of its affiliates. All rights reserved.
-  © 2025 Jonathan Robert Pool.
-
-  Licensed under the MIT License. See LICENSE file at the project root or
-  https://opensource.org/license/mit/ for details.
-
-  SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
-*/
-
-/*
-  targetTiny
-  Related to Tenon rule 152.
-  This test reports visible buttons, inputs, and non-inline links with widths or heights smaller
-  than 24 pixels.
-*/
-
-// ########## IMPORTS
-
-// Module to perform common operations.
-const {init, getRuleResult} = require('../procs/testaro');
-// Module to classify links.
-const {isTooSmall} = require('../procs/target');
-
-// ########## FUNCTIONS
-
-// Runs the test and returns the result.
-exports.reporter = async (page, withItems) => {
-  // Initialize the locators and result.
-  const all = await init(100, page, 'a:visible, button:visible, input:visible');
-  // For each locator:
-  for (const loc of all.allLocs) {
-    // Get data on it if illicitly small.
-    const sizeData = await isTooSmall(loc, 24);
-    // If it is:
-    if (sizeData) {
-      // Add the locator to the array of violators.
-      all.locs.push([loc, `${sizeData.width} wide by ${sizeData.height} high`]);
-    }
-  }
-  // Populate and return the result.
-  const whats = [
-    'Interactive element pixel size (__param__) is less than 24 by 24',
-    'Interactive elements are smaller than 24 pixels wide and high'
-  ];
-  return await getRuleResult(withItems, all, 'targetTiny', whats, 1);
-};