terser 5.6.0 → 5.7.2

package/lib/compress/inference.js

@@ -0,0 +1,934 @@
+/***********************************************************************
+
+  A JavaScript tokenizer / parser / beautifier / compressor.
+  https://github.com/mishoo/UglifyJS2
+
+  -------------------------------- (C) ---------------------------------
+
+                           Author: Mihai Bazon
+                         <mihai.bazon@gmail.com>
+                       http://mihai.bazon.net/blog
+
+  Distributed under the BSD license:
+
+    Copyright 2012 (c) Mihai Bazon <mihai.bazon@gmail.com>
+
+    Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+    modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+    are met:
+
+        * Redistributions of source code must retain the above
+          copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following
+          disclaimer.
+
+        * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+          copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following
+          disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials
+          provided with the distribution.
+
+    THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER “AS IS” AND ANY
+    EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+    IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
+    PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER BE
+    LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY,
+    OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
+    PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
+    PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+    THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR
+    TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF
+    THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+    SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+ ***********************************************************************/
+
+import {
+  AST_Array,
+  AST_Arrow,
+  AST_Assign,
+  AST_Binary,
+  AST_Block,
+  AST_BlockStatement,
+  AST_Call,
+  AST_Case,
+  AST_Chain,
+  AST_Class,
+  AST_ClassProperty,
+  AST_ConciseMethod,
+  AST_Conditional,
+  AST_Constant,
+  AST_Definitions,
+  AST_Dot,
+  AST_EmptyStatement,
+  AST_Expansion,
+  AST_False,
+  AST_Function,
+  AST_If,
+  AST_Import,
+  AST_Jump,
+  AST_LabeledStatement,
+  AST_Lambda,
+  AST_New,
+  AST_Node,
+  AST_Null,
+  AST_Number,
+  AST_Object,
+  AST_ObjectGetter,
+  AST_ObjectKeyVal,
+  AST_ObjectProperty,
+  AST_ObjectSetter,
+  AST_PropAccess,
+  AST_RegExp,
+  AST_Return,
+  AST_Sequence,
+  AST_SimpleStatement,
+  AST_Statement,
+  AST_String,
+  AST_Sub,
+  AST_Switch,
+  AST_SwitchBranch,
+  AST_SymbolClassProperty,
+  AST_SymbolDeclaration,
+  AST_SymbolRef,
+  AST_TemplateSegment,
+  AST_TemplateString,
+  AST_This,
+  AST_Toplevel,
+  AST_True,
+  AST_Try,
+  AST_Unary,
+  AST_UnaryPostfix,
+  AST_UnaryPrefix,
+  AST_Undefined,
+  AST_VarDef,
+
+  TreeTransformer,
+  walk,
+  walk_abort,
+
+  _PURE
+} from "../ast.js";
+import {
+    makePredicate,
+    return_true,
+    return_false,
+    return_null,
+    return_this,
+    make_node,
+    member,
+    noop,
+    has_annotation,
+    HOP
+} from "../utils/index.js";
+import { make_node_from_constant, make_sequence, best_of_expression, read_property } from "./common.js";
+
+import { INLINED, UNDEFINED, has_flag } from "./compressor-flags.js";
+import { pure_prop_access_globals, is_pure_native_fn, is_pure_native_method } from "./native-objects.js";
+
+// Functions and methods to infer certain facts about expressions
+// It's not always possible to be 100% sure about something just by static analysis,
+// so `true` means yes, and `false` means maybe
+
+export const is_undeclared_ref = (node) =>
+    node instanceof AST_SymbolRef && node.definition().undeclared;
+
+export const lazy_op = makePredicate("&& || ??");
+export const unary_side_effects = makePredicate("delete ++ --");
+
+// methods to determine whether an expression has a boolean result type
+(function(def_is_boolean) {
+    const unary_bool = makePredicate("! delete");
+    const binary_bool = makePredicate("in instanceof == != === !== < <= >= >");
+    def_is_boolean(AST_Node, return_false);
+    def_is_boolean(AST_UnaryPrefix, function() {
+        return unary_bool.has(this.operator);
+    });
+    def_is_boolean(AST_Binary, function() {
+        return binary_bool.has(this.operator)
+            || lazy_op.has(this.operator)
+                && this.left.is_boolean()
+                && this.right.is_boolean();
+    });
+    def_is_boolean(AST_Conditional, function() {
+        return this.consequent.is_boolean() && this.alternative.is_boolean();
+    });
+    def_is_boolean(AST_Assign, function() {
+        return this.operator == "=" && this.right.is_boolean();
+    });
+    def_is_boolean(AST_Sequence, function() {
+        return this.tail_node().is_boolean();
+    });
+    def_is_boolean(AST_True, return_true);
+    def_is_boolean(AST_False, return_true);
+})(function(node, func) {
+    node.DEFMETHOD("is_boolean", func);
+});
+
+// methods to determine if an expression has a numeric result type
+(function(def_is_number) {
+    def_is_number(AST_Node, return_false);
+    def_is_number(AST_Number, return_true);
+    const unary = makePredicate("+ - ~ ++ --");
+    def_is_number(AST_Unary, function() {
+        return unary.has(this.operator);
+    });
+    const numeric_ops = makePredicate("- * / % & | ^ << >> >>>");
+    def_is_number(AST_Binary, function(compressor) {
+        return numeric_ops.has(this.operator) || this.operator == "+"
+            && this.left.is_number(compressor)
+            && this.right.is_number(compressor);
+    });
+    def_is_number(AST_Assign, function(compressor) {
+        return numeric_ops.has(this.operator.slice(0, -1))
+            || this.operator == "=" && this.right.is_number(compressor);
+    });
+    def_is_number(AST_Sequence, function(compressor) {
+        return this.tail_node().is_number(compressor);
+    });
+    def_is_number(AST_Conditional, function(compressor) {
+        return this.consequent.is_number(compressor) && this.alternative.is_number(compressor);
+    });
+})(function(node, func) {
+    node.DEFMETHOD("is_number", func);
+});
+
+// methods to determine if an expression has a string result type
+(function(def_is_string) {
+    def_is_string(AST_Node, return_false);
+    def_is_string(AST_String, return_true);
+    def_is_string(AST_TemplateString, return_true);
+    def_is_string(AST_UnaryPrefix, function() {
+        return this.operator == "typeof";
+    });
+    def_is_string(AST_Binary, function(compressor) {
+        return this.operator == "+" &&
+            (this.left.is_string(compressor) || this.right.is_string(compressor));
+    });
+    def_is_string(AST_Assign, function(compressor) {
+        return (this.operator == "=" || this.operator == "+=") && this.right.is_string(compressor);
+    });
+    def_is_string(AST_Sequence, function(compressor) {
+        return this.tail_node().is_string(compressor);
+    });
+    def_is_string(AST_Conditional, function(compressor) {
+        return this.consequent.is_string(compressor) && this.alternative.is_string(compressor);
+    });
+})(function(node, func) {
+    node.DEFMETHOD("is_string", func);
+});
+
+export function is_undefined(node, compressor) {
+    return (
+        has_flag(node, UNDEFINED)
+        || node instanceof AST_Undefined
+        || node instanceof AST_UnaryPrefix
+            && node.operator == "void"
+            && !node.expression.has_side_effects(compressor)
+    );
+}
+
+// Find out if something is == null
+// Used to optimize ?. and ??
+export function is_nullish(node, compressor) {
+    let fixed;
+    return (
+        node instanceof AST_Null
+        || is_undefined(node, compressor)
+        || (
+            node instanceof AST_SymbolRef
+            && (fixed = node.definition().fixed) instanceof AST_Node
+            && is_nullish(fixed, compressor)
+        )
+        // Recurse into those optional chains!
+        || node instanceof AST_PropAccess && node.optional && is_nullish(node.expression, compressor)
+        || node instanceof AST_Call && node.optional && is_nullish(node.expression, compressor)
+        || node instanceof AST_Chain && is_nullish(node.expression, compressor)
+    );
+}
+
+// Determine if expression might cause side effects
+// If there's a possibility that a node may change something when it's executed, this returns true
+(function(def_has_side_effects) {
+    def_has_side_effects(AST_Node, return_true);
+
+    def_has_side_effects(AST_EmptyStatement, return_false);
+    def_has_side_effects(AST_Constant, return_false);
+    def_has_side_effects(AST_This, return_false);
+
+    function any(list, compressor) {
+        for (var i = list.length; --i >= 0;)
+            if (list[i].has_side_effects(compressor))
+                return true;
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    def_has_side_effects(AST_Block, function(compressor) {
+        return any(this.body, compressor);
+    });
+    def_has_side_effects(AST_Call, function(compressor) {
+        if (
+            !this.is_callee_pure(compressor)
+            && (!this.expression.is_call_pure(compressor)
+                || this.expression.has_side_effects(compressor))
+        ) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        return any(this.args, compressor);
+    });
+    def_has_side_effects(AST_Switch, function(compressor) {
+        return this.expression.has_side_effects(compressor)
+            || any(this.body, compressor);
+    });
+    def_has_side_effects(AST_Case, function(compressor) {
+        return this.expression.has_side_effects(compressor)
+            || any(this.body, compressor);
+    });
+    def_has_side_effects(AST_Try, function(compressor) {
+        return any(this.body, compressor)
+            || this.bcatch && this.bcatch.has_side_effects(compressor)
+            || this.bfinally && this.bfinally.has_side_effects(compressor);
+    });
+    def_has_side_effects(AST_If, function(compressor) {
+        return this.condition.has_side_effects(compressor)
+            || this.body && this.body.has_side_effects(compressor)
+            || this.alternative && this.alternative.has_side_effects(compressor);
+    });
+    def_has_side_effects(AST_LabeledStatement, function(compressor) {
+        return this.body.has_side_effects(compressor);
+    });
+    def_has_side_effects(AST_SimpleStatement, function(compressor) {
+        return this.body.has_side_effects(compressor);
+    });
+    def_has_side_effects(AST_Lambda, return_false);
+    def_has_side_effects(AST_Class, function (compressor) {
+        if (this.extends && this.extends.has_side_effects(compressor)) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        return any(this.properties, compressor);
+    });
+    def_has_side_effects(AST_Binary, function(compressor) {
+        return this.left.has_side_effects(compressor)
+            || this.right.has_side_effects(compressor);
+    });
+    def_has_side_effects(AST_Assign, return_true);
+    def_has_side_effects(AST_Conditional, function(compressor) {
+        return this.condition.has_side_effects(compressor)
+            || this.consequent.has_side_effects(compressor)
+            || this.alternative.has_side_effects(compressor);
+    });
+    def_has_side_effects(AST_Unary, function(compressor) {
+        return unary_side_effects.has(this.operator)
+            || this.expression.has_side_effects(compressor);
+    });
+    def_has_side_effects(AST_SymbolRef, function(compressor) {
+        return !this.is_declared(compressor) && !pure_prop_access_globals.has(this.name);
+    });
+    def_has_side_effects(AST_SymbolClassProperty, return_false);
+    def_has_side_effects(AST_SymbolDeclaration, return_false);
+    def_has_side_effects(AST_Object, function(compressor) {
+        return any(this.properties, compressor);
+    });
+    def_has_side_effects(AST_ObjectProperty, function(compressor) {
+        return (
+            this.computed_key() && this.key.has_side_effects(compressor)
+            || this.value && this.value.has_side_effects(compressor)
+        );
+    });
+    def_has_side_effects(AST_ClassProperty, function(compressor) {
+        return (
+            this.computed_key() && this.key.has_side_effects(compressor)
+            || this.static && this.value && this.value.has_side_effects(compressor)
+        );
+    });
+    def_has_side_effects(AST_ConciseMethod, function(compressor) {
+        return this.computed_key() && this.key.has_side_effects(compressor);
+    });
+    def_has_side_effects(AST_ObjectGetter, function(compressor) {
+        return this.computed_key() && this.key.has_side_effects(compressor);
+    });
+    def_has_side_effects(AST_ObjectSetter, function(compressor) {
+        return this.computed_key() && this.key.has_side_effects(compressor);
+    });
+    def_has_side_effects(AST_Array, function(compressor) {
+        return any(this.elements, compressor);
+    });
+    def_has_side_effects(AST_Dot, function(compressor) {
+        return !this.optional && this.expression.may_throw_on_access(compressor)
+            || this.expression.has_side_effects(compressor);
+    });
+    def_has_side_effects(AST_Sub, function(compressor) {
+        if (this.optional && is_nullish(this.expression, compressor)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        return !this.optional && this.expression.may_throw_on_access(compressor)
+            || this.expression.has_side_effects(compressor)
+            || this.property.has_side_effects(compressor);
+    });
+    def_has_side_effects(AST_Chain, function (compressor) {
+        return this.expression.has_side_effects(compressor);
+    });
+    def_has_side_effects(AST_Sequence, function(compressor) {
+        return any(this.expressions, compressor);
+    });
+    def_has_side_effects(AST_Definitions, function(compressor) {
+        return any(this.definitions, compressor);
+    });
+    def_has_side_effects(AST_VarDef, function() {
+        return this.value;
+    });
+    def_has_side_effects(AST_TemplateSegment, return_false);
+    def_has_side_effects(AST_TemplateString, function(compressor) {
+        return any(this.segments, compressor);
+    });
+})(function(node, func) {
+    node.DEFMETHOD("has_side_effects", func);
+});
+
+// determine if expression may throw
+(function(def_may_throw) {
+    def_may_throw(AST_Node, return_true);
+
+    def_may_throw(AST_Constant, return_false);
+    def_may_throw(AST_EmptyStatement, return_false);
+    def_may_throw(AST_Lambda, return_false);
+    def_may_throw(AST_SymbolDeclaration, return_false);
+    def_may_throw(AST_This, return_false);
+
+    function any(list, compressor) {
+        for (var i = list.length; --i >= 0;)
+            if (list[i].may_throw(compressor))
+                return true;
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    def_may_throw(AST_Class, function(compressor) {
+        if (this.extends && this.extends.may_throw(compressor)) return true;
+        return any(this.properties, compressor);
+    });
+
+    def_may_throw(AST_Array, function(compressor) {
+        return any(this.elements, compressor);
+    });
+    def_may_throw(AST_Assign, function(compressor) {
+        if (this.right.may_throw(compressor)) return true;
+        if (!compressor.has_directive("use strict")
+            && this.operator == "="
+            && this.left instanceof AST_SymbolRef) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        return this.left.may_throw(compressor);
+    });
+    def_may_throw(AST_Binary, function(compressor) {
+        return this.left.may_throw(compressor)
+            || this.right.may_throw(compressor);
+    });
+    def_may_throw(AST_Block, function(compressor) {
+        return any(this.body, compressor);
+    });
+    def_may_throw(AST_Call, function(compressor) {
+        if (this.optional && is_nullish(this.expression, compressor)) return false;
+        if (any(this.args, compressor)) return true;
+        if (this.is_callee_pure(compressor)) return false;
+        if (this.expression.may_throw(compressor)) return true;
+        return !(this.expression instanceof AST_Lambda)
+            || any(this.expression.body, compressor);
+    });
+    def_may_throw(AST_Case, function(compressor) {
+        return this.expression.may_throw(compressor)
+            || any(this.body, compressor);
+    });
+    def_may_throw(AST_Conditional, function(compressor) {
+        return this.condition.may_throw(compressor)
+            || this.consequent.may_throw(compressor)
+            || this.alternative.may_throw(compressor);
+    });
+    def_may_throw(AST_Definitions, function(compressor) {
+        return any(this.definitions, compressor);
+    });
+    def_may_throw(AST_If, function(compressor) {
+        return this.condition.may_throw(compressor)
+            || this.body && this.body.may_throw(compressor)
+            || this.alternative && this.alternative.may_throw(compressor);
+    });
+    def_may_throw(AST_LabeledStatement, function(compressor) {
+        return this.body.may_throw(compressor);
+    });
+    def_may_throw(AST_Object, function(compressor) {
+        return any(this.properties, compressor);
+    });
+    def_may_throw(AST_ObjectProperty, function(compressor) {
+        // TODO key may throw too
+        return this.value ? this.value.may_throw(compressor) : false;
+    });
+    def_may_throw(AST_ClassProperty, function(compressor) {
+        return (
+            this.computed_key() && this.key.may_throw(compressor)
+            || this.static && this.value && this.value.may_throw(compressor)
+        );
+    });
+    def_may_throw(AST_ConciseMethod, function(compressor) {
+        return this.computed_key() && this.key.may_throw(compressor);
+    });
+    def_may_throw(AST_ObjectGetter, function(compressor) {
+        return this.computed_key() && this.key.may_throw(compressor);
+    });
+    def_may_throw(AST_ObjectSetter, function(compressor) {
+        return this.computed_key() && this.key.may_throw(compressor);
+    });
+    def_may_throw(AST_Return, function(compressor) {
+        return this.value && this.value.may_throw(compressor);
+    });
+    def_may_throw(AST_Sequence, function(compressor) {
+        return any(this.expressions, compressor);
+    });
+    def_may_throw(AST_SimpleStatement, function(compressor) {
+        return this.body.may_throw(compressor);
+    });
+    def_may_throw(AST_Dot, function(compressor) {
+        return !this.optional && this.expression.may_throw_on_access(compressor)
+            || this.expression.may_throw(compressor);
+    });
+    def_may_throw(AST_Sub, function(compressor) {
+        if (this.optional && is_nullish(this.expression, compressor)) return false;
+
+        return !this.optional && this.expression.may_throw_on_access(compressor)
+            || this.expression.may_throw(compressor)
+            || this.property.may_throw(compressor);
+    });
+    def_may_throw(AST_Chain, function(compressor) {
+        return this.expression.may_throw(compressor);
+    });
+    def_may_throw(AST_Switch, function(compressor) {
+        return this.expression.may_throw(compressor)
+            || any(this.body, compressor);
+    });
+    def_may_throw(AST_SymbolRef, function(compressor) {
+        return !this.is_declared(compressor) && !pure_prop_access_globals.has(this.name);
+    });
+    def_may_throw(AST_SymbolClassProperty, return_false);
+    def_may_throw(AST_Try, function(compressor) {
+        return this.bcatch ? this.bcatch.may_throw(compressor) : any(this.body, compressor)
+            || this.bfinally && this.bfinally.may_throw(compressor);
+    });
+    def_may_throw(AST_Unary, function(compressor) {
+        if (this.operator == "typeof" && this.expression instanceof AST_SymbolRef)
+            return false;
+        return this.expression.may_throw(compressor);
+    });
+    def_may_throw(AST_VarDef, function(compressor) {
+        if (!this.value) return false;
+        return this.value.may_throw(compressor);
+    });
+})(function(node, func) {
+    node.DEFMETHOD("may_throw", func);
+});
+
+// determine if expression is constant
+(function(def_is_constant_expression) {
+    function all_refs_local(scope) {
+        let result = true;
+        walk(this, node => {
+            if (node instanceof AST_SymbolRef) {
+                if (has_flag(this, INLINED)) {
+                    result = false;
+                    return walk_abort;
+                }
+                var def = node.definition();
+                if (
+                    member(def, this.enclosed)
+                    && !this.variables.has(def.name)
+                ) {
+                    if (scope) {
+                        var scope_def = scope.find_variable(node);
+                        if (def.undeclared ? !scope_def : scope_def === def) {
+                            result = "f";
+                            return true;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    result = false;
+                    return walk_abort;
+                }
+                return true;
+            }
+            if (node instanceof AST_This && this instanceof AST_Arrow) {
+                // TODO check arguments too!
+                result = false;
+                return walk_abort;
+            }
+        });
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    def_is_constant_expression(AST_Node, return_false);
+    def_is_constant_expression(AST_Constant, return_true);
+    def_is_constant_expression(AST_Class, function(scope) {
+        if (this.extends && !this.extends.is_constant_expression(scope)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        for (const prop of this.properties) {
+            if (prop.computed_key() && !prop.key.is_constant_expression(scope)) {
+                return false;
+            }
+            if (prop.static && prop.value && !prop.value.is_constant_expression(scope)) {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+
+        return all_refs_local.call(this, scope);
+    });
+    def_is_constant_expression(AST_Lambda, all_refs_local);
+    def_is_constant_expression(AST_Unary, function() {
+        return this.expression.is_constant_expression();
+    });
+    def_is_constant_expression(AST_Binary, function() {
+        return this.left.is_constant_expression()
+            && this.right.is_constant_expression();
+    });
+    def_is_constant_expression(AST_Array, function() {
+        return this.elements.every((l) => l.is_constant_expression());
+    });
+    def_is_constant_expression(AST_Object, function() {
+        return this.properties.every((l) => l.is_constant_expression());
+    });
+    def_is_constant_expression(AST_ObjectProperty, function() {
+        return !!(!(this.key instanceof AST_Node) && this.value && this.value.is_constant_expression());
+    });
+})(function(node, func) {
+    node.DEFMETHOD("is_constant_expression", func);
+});
+
+
+// may_throw_on_access()
+// returns true if this node may be null, undefined or contain `AST_Accessor`
+(function(def_may_throw_on_access) {
+    AST_Node.DEFMETHOD("may_throw_on_access", function(compressor) {
+        return !compressor.option("pure_getters")
+            || this._dot_throw(compressor);
+    });
+
+    function is_strict(compressor) {
+        return /strict/.test(compressor.option("pure_getters"));
+    }
+
+    def_may_throw_on_access(AST_Node, is_strict);
+    def_may_throw_on_access(AST_Null, return_true);
+    def_may_throw_on_access(AST_Undefined, return_true);
+    def_may_throw_on_access(AST_Constant, return_false);
+    def_may_throw_on_access(AST_Array, return_false);
+    def_may_throw_on_access(AST_Object, function(compressor) {
+        if (!is_strict(compressor)) return false;
+        for (var i = this.properties.length; --i >=0;)
+            if (this.properties[i]._dot_throw(compressor)) return true;
+        return false;
+    });
+    // Do not be as strict with classes as we are with objects.
+    // Hopefully the community is not going to abuse static getters and setters.
+    // https://github.com/terser/terser/issues/724#issuecomment-643655656
+    def_may_throw_on_access(AST_Class, return_false);
+    def_may_throw_on_access(AST_ObjectProperty, return_false);
+    def_may_throw_on_access(AST_ObjectGetter, return_true);
+    def_may_throw_on_access(AST_Expansion, function(compressor) {
+        return this.expression._dot_throw(compressor);
+    });
+    def_may_throw_on_access(AST_Function, return_false);
+    def_may_throw_on_access(AST_Arrow, return_false);
+    def_may_throw_on_access(AST_UnaryPostfix, return_false);
+    def_may_throw_on_access(AST_UnaryPrefix, function() {
+        return this.operator == "void";
+    });
+    def_may_throw_on_access(AST_Binary, function(compressor) {
+        return (this.operator == "&&" || this.operator == "||" || this.operator == "??")
+            && (this.left._dot_throw(compressor) || this.right._dot_throw(compressor));
+    });
+    def_may_throw_on_access(AST_Assign, function(compressor) {
+        if (this.logical) return true;
+
+        return this.operator == "="
+            && this.right._dot_throw(compressor);
+    });
+    def_may_throw_on_access(AST_Conditional, function(compressor) {
+        return this.consequent._dot_throw(compressor)
+            || this.alternative._dot_throw(compressor);
+    });
+    def_may_throw_on_access(AST_Dot, function(compressor) {
+        if (!is_strict(compressor)) return false;
+
+        if (this.property == "prototype") {
+            return !(
+                this.expression instanceof AST_Function
+                || this.expression instanceof AST_Class
+            );
+        }
+        return true;
+    });
+    def_may_throw_on_access(AST_Chain, function(compressor) {
+        return this.expression._dot_throw(compressor);
+    });
+    def_may_throw_on_access(AST_Sequence, function(compressor) {
+        return this.tail_node()._dot_throw(compressor);
+    });
+    def_may_throw_on_access(AST_SymbolRef, function(compressor) {
+        if (this.name === "arguments") return false;
+        if (has_flag(this, UNDEFINED)) return true;
+        if (!is_strict(compressor)) return false;
+        if (is_undeclared_ref(this) && this.is_declared(compressor)) return false;
+        if (this.is_immutable()) return false;
+        var fixed = this.fixed_value();
+        return !fixed || fixed._dot_throw(compressor);
+    });
+})(function(node, func) {
+    node.DEFMETHOD("_dot_throw", func);
+});
+
+export function is_lhs(node, parent) {
+    if (parent instanceof AST_Unary && unary_side_effects.has(parent.operator)) return parent.expression;
+    if (parent instanceof AST_Assign && parent.left === node) return node;
+}
+
+(function(def_find_defs) {
+    function to_node(value, orig) {
+        if (value instanceof AST_Node) {
+            if (!(value instanceof AST_Constant)) {
+                // Value may be a function, an array including functions and even a complex assign / block expression,
+                // so it should never be shared in different places.
+                // Otherwise wrong information may be used in the compression phase
+                value = value.clone(true);
+            }
+            return make_node(value.CTOR, orig, value);
+        }
+        if (Array.isArray(value)) return make_node(AST_Array, orig, {
+            elements: value.map(function(value) {
+                return to_node(value, orig);
+            })
+        });
+        if (value && typeof value == "object") {
+            var props = [];
+            for (var key in value) if (HOP(value, key)) {
+                props.push(make_node(AST_ObjectKeyVal, orig, {
+                    key: key,
+                    value: to_node(value[key], orig)
+                }));
+            }
+            return make_node(AST_Object, orig, {
+                properties: props
+            });
+        }
+        return make_node_from_constant(value, orig);
+    }
+
+    AST_Toplevel.DEFMETHOD("resolve_defines", function(compressor) {
+        if (!compressor.option("global_defs")) return this;
+        this.figure_out_scope({ ie8: compressor.option("ie8") });
+        return this.transform(new TreeTransformer(function(node) {
+            var def = node._find_defs(compressor, "");
+            if (!def) return;
+            var level = 0, child = node, parent;
+            while (parent = this.parent(level++)) {
+                if (!(parent instanceof AST_PropAccess)) break;
+                if (parent.expression !== child) break;
+                child = parent;
+            }
+            if (is_lhs(child, parent)) {
+                return;
+            }
+            return def;
+        }));
+    });
+    def_find_defs(AST_Node, noop);
+    def_find_defs(AST_Chain, function(compressor, suffix) {
+        return this.expression._find_defs(compressor, suffix);
+    });
+    def_find_defs(AST_Dot, function(compressor, suffix) {
+        return this.expression._find_defs(compressor, "." + this.property + suffix);
+    });
+    def_find_defs(AST_SymbolDeclaration, function() {
+        if (!this.global()) return;
+    });
+    def_find_defs(AST_SymbolRef, function(compressor, suffix) {
+        if (!this.global()) return;
+        var defines = compressor.option("global_defs");
+        var name = this.name + suffix;
+        if (HOP(defines, name)) return to_node(defines[name], this);
+    });
+})(function(node, func) {
+    node.DEFMETHOD("_find_defs", func);
+});
+
+// method to negate an expression
+(function(def_negate) {
+    function basic_negation(exp) {
+        return make_node(AST_UnaryPrefix, exp, {
+            operator: "!",
+            expression: exp
+        });
+    }
+    function best(orig, alt, first_in_statement) {
+        var negated = basic_negation(orig);
+        if (first_in_statement) {
+            var stat = make_node(AST_SimpleStatement, alt, {
+                body: alt
+            });
+            return best_of_expression(negated, stat) === stat ? alt : negated;
+        }
+        return best_of_expression(negated, alt);
+    }
+    def_negate(AST_Node, function() {
+        return basic_negation(this);
+    });
+    def_negate(AST_Statement, function() {
+        throw new Error("Cannot negate a statement");
+    });
+    def_negate(AST_Function, function() {
+        return basic_negation(this);
+    });
+    def_negate(AST_Arrow, function() {
+        return basic_negation(this);
+    });
+    def_negate(AST_UnaryPrefix, function() {
+        if (this.operator == "!")
+            return this.expression;
+        return basic_negation(this);
+    });
+    def_negate(AST_Sequence, function(compressor) {
+        var expressions = this.expressions.slice();
+        expressions.push(expressions.pop().negate(compressor));
+        return make_sequence(this, expressions);
+    });
+    def_negate(AST_Conditional, function(compressor, first_in_statement) {
+        var self = this.clone();
+        self.consequent = self.consequent.negate(compressor);
+        self.alternative = self.alternative.negate(compressor);
+        return best(this, self, first_in_statement);
+    });
+    def_negate(AST_Binary, function(compressor, first_in_statement) {
+        var self = this.clone(), op = this.operator;
+        if (compressor.option("unsafe_comps")) {
+            switch (op) {
+              case "<=" : self.operator = ">"  ; return self;
+              case "<"  : self.operator = ">=" ; return self;
+              case ">=" : self.operator = "<"  ; return self;
+              case ">"  : self.operator = "<=" ; return self;
+            }
+        }
+        switch (op) {
+          case "==" : self.operator = "!="; return self;
+          case "!=" : self.operator = "=="; return self;
+          case "===": self.operator = "!=="; return self;
+          case "!==": self.operator = "==="; return self;
+          case "&&":
+            self.operator = "||";
+            self.left = self.left.negate(compressor, first_in_statement);
+            self.right = self.right.negate(compressor);
+            return best(this, self, first_in_statement);
+          case "||":
+            self.operator = "&&";
+            self.left = self.left.negate(compressor, first_in_statement);
+            self.right = self.right.negate(compressor);
+            return best(this, self, first_in_statement);
+        }
+        return basic_negation(this);
+    });
+})(function(node, func) {
+    node.DEFMETHOD("negate", function(compressor, first_in_statement) {
+        return func.call(this, compressor, first_in_statement);
+    });
+});
+
+// Is the callee of this function pure?
+var global_pure_fns = makePredicate("Boolean decodeURI decodeURIComponent Date encodeURI encodeURIComponent Error escape EvalError isFinite isNaN Number Object parseFloat parseInt RangeError ReferenceError String SyntaxError TypeError unescape URIError");
+AST_Call.DEFMETHOD("is_callee_pure", function(compressor) {
+    if (compressor.option("unsafe")) {
+        var expr = this.expression;
+        var first_arg = (this.args && this.args[0] && this.args[0].evaluate(compressor));
+        if (
+            expr.expression && expr.expression.name === "hasOwnProperty" &&
+            (first_arg == null || first_arg.thedef && first_arg.thedef.undeclared)
+        ) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        if (is_undeclared_ref(expr) && global_pure_fns.has(expr.name)) return true;
+        if (
+            expr instanceof AST_Dot
+            && is_undeclared_ref(expr.expression)
+            && is_pure_native_fn(expr.expression.name, expr.property)
+        ) {
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+    return !!has_annotation(this, _PURE) || !compressor.pure_funcs(this);
+});
+
+// If I call this, is it a pure function?
+AST_Node.DEFMETHOD("is_call_pure", return_false);
+AST_Dot.DEFMETHOD("is_call_pure", function(compressor) {
+    if (!compressor.option("unsafe")) return;
+    const expr = this.expression;
+
+    let native_obj;
+    if (expr instanceof AST_Array) {
+        native_obj = "Array";
+    } else if (expr.is_boolean()) {
+        native_obj = "Boolean";
+    } else if (expr.is_number(compressor)) {
+        native_obj = "Number";
+    } else if (expr instanceof AST_RegExp) {
+        native_obj = "RegExp";
+    } else if (expr.is_string(compressor)) {
+        native_obj = "String";
+    } else if (!this.may_throw_on_access(compressor)) {
+        native_obj = "Object";
+    }
+    return native_obj != null && is_pure_native_method(native_obj, this.property);
+});
+
+// tell me if a statement aborts
+export const aborts = (thing) => thing && thing.aborts();
+
+(function(def_aborts) {
+    def_aborts(AST_Statement, return_null);
+    def_aborts(AST_Jump, return_this);
+    function block_aborts() {
+        for (var i = 0; i < this.body.length; i++) {
+            if (aborts(this.body[i])) {
+                return this.body[i];
+            }
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+    def_aborts(AST_Import, function() { return null; });
+    def_aborts(AST_BlockStatement, block_aborts);
+    def_aborts(AST_SwitchBranch, block_aborts);
+    def_aborts(AST_If, function() {
+        return this.alternative && aborts(this.body) && aborts(this.alternative) && this;
+    });
+})(function(node, func) {
+    node.DEFMETHOD("aborts", func);
+});
+
+export function is_modified(compressor, tw, node, value, level, immutable) {
+    var parent = tw.parent(level);
+    var lhs = is_lhs(node, parent);
+    if (lhs) return lhs;
+    if (!immutable
+        && parent instanceof AST_Call
+        && parent.expression === node
+        && !(value instanceof AST_Arrow)
+        && !(value instanceof AST_Class)
+        && !parent.is_callee_pure(compressor)
+        && (!(value instanceof AST_Function)
+            || !(parent instanceof AST_New) && value.contains_this())) {
+        return true;
+    }
+    if (parent instanceof AST_Array) {
+        return is_modified(compressor, tw, parent, parent, level + 1);
+    }
+    if (parent instanceof AST_ObjectKeyVal && node === parent.value) {
+        var obj = tw.parent(level + 1);
+        return is_modified(compressor, tw, obj, obj, level + 2);
+    }
+    if (parent instanceof AST_PropAccess && parent.expression === node) {
+        var prop = read_property(value, parent.property);
+        return !immutable && is_modified(compressor, tw, parent, prop, level + 1);
+    }
+}