termux-vision 1.4.3 → 1.4.5

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Files changed (5) hide show
  1. package/README.md +319 -319
  2. package/README.pypi.md +121 -121
  3. package/bin/cli.js +51 -51
  4. package/lib/vlm.js +349 -349
  5. package/package.json +55 -55
package/README.md CHANGED
@@ -1,319 +1,319 @@
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- # Termux-Vision: On-Device Computer Vision & Multimodal VLM Framework
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-
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- [![PyPI](https://img.shields.io/pypi/v/termux-vision.svg?style=flat-square&color=0369a1)](https://pypi.org/project/termux-vision/)
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- [![Python](https://img.shields.io/pypi/pyversions/termux-vision.svg?style=flat-square)](https://pypi.org/project/termux-vision/)
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- [![npm](https://img.shields.io/npm/v/termux-vision.svg?style=flat-square&color=b91c1c)](https://www.npmjs.com/package/termux-vision)
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- [![npm downloads](https://img.shields.io/npm/dm/termux-vision.svg?style=flat-square&color=b91c1c)](https://www.npmjs.com/package/termux-vision)
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- [![License](https://img.shields.io/badge/License-Apache_2.0-004499.svg?style=flat-square)](https://github.com/uno-km/termux-vision)
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- [![Hardware Acceleration](https://img.shields.io/badge/Vulkan-1.1%2B%20Compute-orange?style=flat-square&logo=vulkan)](https://www.vulkan.org/)
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-
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- > **Native On-Device Computer Vision & Multimodal Vision-Language Model (VLM) Runtime for Android Termux via Direct Bionic libc & Vulkan Compute Acceleration.**
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- > *Zero PRoot. Zero Virtualization. 100% Native ARMv8.2-A NEON SIMD & Hardware GPU Offloading.*
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-
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- ---
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-
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- ## 📑 Table of Contents
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-
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- 1. [Overview & Key Capabilities](#1-overview--key-capabilities)
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- 2. [Installation Guide](#2-installation-guide)
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- 3. [Enabling Hardware GPU Acceleration (with ameva-runtime)](#3-enabling-hardware-gpu-acceleration-with-ameva-runtime)
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- 4. [Standardized CLI & Parameter Matrix](#4-standardized-cli--parameter-matrix)
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- 5. [Dual Engine Code Examples (Python & Node.js)](#5-dual-engine-code-examples-python--nodejs)
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- 6. [Production Diagnostics (`termux-vision doctor`)](#6-production-diagnostics-termux-vision-doctor)
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- 7. [Real-World Benchmarks & Hardware Scorecard](#7-real-world-benchmarks--hardware-scorecard)
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- 8. [Memory & VRAM Architecture (Zero CPU-Mapped VRAM)](#8-memory--vram-architecture)
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- 9. [Hardware Requirements & Operational Limits](#9-hardware-requirements--operational-limits)
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- 10. [License & Permissible Use](#10-license--permissible-use)
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-
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- ---
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-
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- ## 1. Overview & Key Capabilities
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-
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- `termux-vision` is an enterprise-grade, on-device multimodal vision inference and spatial computing framework engineered specifically for mobile Android devices. Operating directly against Android's native Bionic libc ABI and host Vulkan compute drivers, `termux-vision` eliminates heavyweight desktop dependencies (OpenCV, TorchVision) and enables high-throughput visual question answering, OCR image captioning, and classical feature extraction directly on edge hardware.
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-
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- * **Native Bionic libc ABI Direct Binding**: Runs directly inside Termux user space with zero virtualization indirection, achieving bare-metal compute efficiency.
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- * **Dual Compute Acceleration**: Integrates ARMv8.2-A DotProd/FP16 SIMD vector instructions with mobile Vulkan compute shader pipelines.
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- * **Full-Layer GPU Offloading (-ngl 99)**: Dispatches all 99 transformer layers and cross-attention vision projections directly to device GPU VRAM, achieving pure GPU offloading (**0.00 MiB CPU mapped VRAM**).
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- * **Zero-Dependency Classical Vision Suite**: Native 5-stage Canny edge detector (8-directional BFS hysteresis), Sobel 3x3 filtering, 2D Integral Images, and Haar-like face candidate localization in pure C/Python/JS.
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- * **Autonomous OOM & LMK Protection**: Enforces atomic model validation (>10MB threshold guard) and quant-pair validation (SmolVLM Q4_K_M + Q8_0 mmproj) to strictly respect Android Low Memory Killer (LMK) bounds.
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-
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- ---
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-
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- ## 2. Installation Guide
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-
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- `termux-vision` is distributed across both Python (PyPI) and Node.js (npm) ecosystems, with official precompiled ARM64 wheel assets published on GitHub Releases.
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-
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- ### 2.1 Termux System Prerequisites
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- Launch Termux and install required native compilers, Vulkan drivers, and image libraries:
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- ```bash
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- pkg update -y
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- pkg install -y python nodejs clang make cmake git termux-api wget vulkan-loader vulkan-headers vulkan-tools opencl-headers python-numpy libjpeg-turbo
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- ```
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-
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- ### 2.2 Python Package Installation
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-
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- * **Option A: Install from PyPI (Recommended)**:
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- ```bash
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- pip install --upgrade pip setuptools wheel
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- pip install termux-vision
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- ```
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-
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- * **Option B: Direct GitHub Releases Wheel Asset (SSOT Verified)**:
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- ```bash
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- # Download and install the prebuilt v1.4.0 release wheel
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- pip install https://github.com/uno-km/termux-vision/releases/download/v1.4.0/termux_vision-1.4.0-py3-none-any.whl
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- ```
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-
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- ### 2.3 Node.js / TypeScript CLI Installation
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- ```bash
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- # Global CLI installation
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- npm install -g termux-vision
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-
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- # Local project dependency
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- npm install termux-vision
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- ```
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-
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- ### 2.4 One-Line Bootstrap Installer
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- Run the universal bootstrap installer to automatically configure repositories, compile native C/C++ acceleration shims, and verify hardware:
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- ```bash
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- curl -sL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/uno-km/termux-vision/main/install.sh | bash
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- ```
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-
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- ---
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-
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- ## 3. Enabling Hardware GPU Acceleration (with ameva-runtime)
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-
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- To unlock mobile GPU acceleration via Vulkan compute shaders and achieve significant speedups over pure CPU execution, install **`termux-vision`** alongside **`ameva-runtime`**:
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-
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- ### 🌟 One-Line Installation
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- ```bash
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- # Python Environment
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- pip install termux-vision ameva-runtime termux-llamacpp
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-
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- # Node.js Environment
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- npm install -g termux-vision @ameva/runtime
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- ```
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-
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- ### 🔮 Mobile GPU Silicon Architecture Status
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-
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- | GPU Microarchitecture | Silicon / SoC Reference | Status | Optimization Mechanics |
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- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
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- | **Qualcomm Adreno GPU** | Snapdragon 8 Elite (Adreno 830)<br>Snapdragon 8 Gen 1/2/3 (Adreno 730-750) | 🟢 **Production Verified** | Direct Bionic ICD binding, SPIR-V JIT patch (`mul_mat_vec_max_cols = 2`), KGSL Watchdog defense (`GGML_VULKAN_SKIP_CHECKS="999999999"`), micro-batch prefill chunking (`-b 64 -ub 64`). |
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- | **ARM Mali GPU** | Exynos 2100 (Mali-G78 MP14)<br>Exynos 1380 (Mali-G68 MP5) | 🟢 **Production Verified** | Bionic Vulkan ICD binding, Tile-Based Deferred Rendering (TBDR) memory isolation, MMVQ matrix-vector kernel dispatch (`--tune-mali`). |
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- | **Samsung Xclipse GPU** | Exynos 2200 / 2400<br>(Xclipse 920 / 940 - AMD RDNA) | 🟡 **In Development (개발 진행 중)** | SPIR-V instruction scheduling and RDNA mobile shader alignment under active engineering. |
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-
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- Verify GPU driver detection and hardware readiness:
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- ```bash
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- termux-vision doctor
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- ```
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-
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- ---
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-
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- ## 4. Standardized CLI & Parameter Matrix
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-
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- `termux-vision` strictly complies with the official `uno-km` family CLI standard:
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-
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- | Parameter | Alias | Default | Description |
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- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
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- | `-d, --device` | `-b, --backend` | `auto` | Compute acceleration backend: `auto`, `gpu`, `vulkan`, `cpu`, `vulkan-force` |
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- | `-i, --image` | `--image-path` | *Required* | Path to input image (`.png`, `.jpg`, `.webp`) |
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- | `-p, --prompt` | *N/A* | `"Describe this image"` | Multimodal text instruction query |
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- | `-m, --model` | *N/A* | `smolvlm-500m` | GGUF language model path or catalog identifier |
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- | `--mmproj` | *N/A* | *Auto-paired* | Vision projector GGUF model path (`mmproj-*.gguf`) |
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- | `-n, --max-tokens` | `--n-predict` | `150` | Maximum number of generated tokens |
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- | `-c, --ctx-size` | `--ctx` | `2048` | Context window size |
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- | `-t, --threads` | *N/A* | `auto` | Number of CPU execution threads |
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- | `-W, --width` | *N/A* | *None* | Explicit image resize width in pixels |
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- | `-H, --height` | *N/A* | *None* | Explicit image resize height in pixels |
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- | `--image-size` | *N/A* | *None* | Image resolution preset (e.g. `224x224`, `384x384`) |
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- | `-q, --quality` | *N/A* | `optimal` | 4-tier resolution preset: `fast` (384px), `optimal` (768px), `high` (1280px), `original` (1:1) |
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- | `--tune-mali` | *N/A* | `False` | Enable ARM Mali GPU MMVQ tuning (`GGML_VK_FORCE_MMVQ=1`) |
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- | `--json` | *N/A* | `False` | Emit machine-readable JSON benchmark telemetry |
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- | `-v, --verbose` | *N/A* | `False` | Print detailed layer offloading and hardware logs |
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-
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- ### Practical CLI Usage Examples
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-
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- ```bash
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- # 1. Automated GPU Acceleration (Default auto-routing)
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- termux-vision vlm photo.jpg -p "What objects are visible in this scene?"
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-
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- # 2. Pure GPU Mode on ARM Mali Silicon (Galaxy S21 / A35)
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- termux-vision vlm photo.jpg -d gpu --tune-mali -p "Describe the text and layout."
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-
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- # 3. Pure CPU Fallback Mode (Strict 0 GPU VRAM allocation)
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- termux-vision vlm photo.jpg -d cpu -t 6 -p "Analyze this diagram."
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-
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- # 4. Ultra-Low-Latency Mode (224x224 scaled ViT input)
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- python tools/vlm_runner.py -i photo.jpg -d gpu --image-size 224x224 -n 60
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-
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- # 5. Zero-Dependency Classical Canny Edge Detection
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- termux-vision canny input.jpg -o edges.png --low 40 --high 120
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- ```
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-
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- ---
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-
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- ## 5. Dual Engine Code Examples (Python & Node.js)
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-
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- ### 5.1 Python SDK
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- ```python
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- import termux_vision as tv
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-
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- # 1. Zero-Dependency Classical CV Filtering (sub-10ms execution)
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- image = tv.io.load_image("document.jpg")
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- grayscale = tv.transforms.to_grayscale(image)
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- edges = tv.cv.canny(grayscale, low_threshold=40, high_threshold=120)
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- tv.io.save_image(edges, "edges.png")
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-
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- # 2. On-Device Multimodal VLM Inference (Vulkan GPU Accelerated)
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- with tv.vlm.load("smolvlm-500m", device="gpu") as engine:
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- result = engine.describe(
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- "document.jpg",
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- prompt="Extract all visible text and summarize key bullet points.",
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- quality="optimal",
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- max_tokens=200
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- )
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- print(f"Backend: {result.metrics.backend} | TPS: {result.metrics.tokens_per_second:.2f} tok/s")
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- print(f"Response:
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- {result.text}")
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- ```
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-
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- ### 5.2 Node.js / TypeScript SDK
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- ```typescript
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- import tv from 'termux-vision';
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-
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- // 1. Hardware Diagnostic Probe
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- const doctor = tv.doctor(true);
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- console.log(`Vulkan GPU: ${doctor.vulkan.status} | Available RAM: ${doctor.hardware.availableRamMb} MB`);
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-
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- // 2. Multimodal VLM Inference
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- const engine = await tv.load({ modelId: 'smolvlm-500m', device: 'gpu' });
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- const response = await engine.describe('photo.jpg', {
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- prompt: 'Identify the geometric shapes and colors.',
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- quality: 'optimal',
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- maxTokens: 100
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- });
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-
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- console.log(`[${response.metrics.backend.toUpperCase()}] ${response.text}`);
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- engine.close();
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- ```
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-
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- ---
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-
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- ## 6. Production Diagnostics (`termux-vision doctor`)
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- Termux-Vision features an integrated hardware diagnostics probe to inspect the host environment before launching inference:
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-
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- ```bash
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- termux-vision doctor
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- ```
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-
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- **Diagnostic Output Profile:**
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- ```
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- === termux-vision Diagnostic Doctor ===
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- Platform : Linux (aarch64) | Android: True
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- RAM : Total 7812MB | Available 3450MB
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- CPU Cores: 8 (big.LITTLE Affinity Governor active)
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- Vulkan : Loader=True | Driver=/system/lib64/libvulkan.so | Status=READY
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- GPU Soc : ARM Mali-G78 MP14 (Exynos 2100)
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- Models : 2 installed in ~/.cache/termux-vision/models
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- Preset : optimal (768px recommended)
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- ```
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-
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- ---
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-
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- ## 7. Real-World Benchmarks & Hardware Scorecard
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-
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- All metrics represent deterministic ground-truth measurements obtained on physical test devices running Android Termux unrooted, comparing **Moondream2 1.8B f16** and **SmolVLM-500M Instruct (Q4_K_M + Q8_0 mmproj)**.
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-
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- | Target Device | SoC & GPU Architecture | Model Architecture | Precision & Weights | Mode | Prompt Processing | Token Generation | Total Latency | Mapped CPU VRAM | Vulkan GPU VRAM | Status / Speedup |
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- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
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- | **Samsung Galaxy S25** | Snapdragon 8 Elite<br>Qualcomm Adreno 830 | **Moondream2 1.8B** | Text f16 (2.7GB)<br>+ ViT f16 (868MB) | **GPU (Vulkan 25/25)** | **19.84 tok/s** | **15.00 tok/s** | **39.20 s** | **0.00 MiB** | **2,706.00 MiB** | **Production Verified** |
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- | **Samsung Galaxy S21 5G** | Exynos 2100<br>ARM Mali-G78 MP14 | SmolVLM-500M-Instruct | Q4_K_M (350MB)<br>+ Q8_0 mmproj (200MB) | **GPU (Vulkan)** | **14.28 tok/s** | **12.65 tok/s** | **21.26 s** | **0.00 MiB** | **1,059.02 MiB** | **+58.9% vs CPU** |
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- | Samsung Galaxy S21 5G | Exynos 2100<br>8-Core ARMv8.2-A CPU | SmolVLM-500M-Instruct | Q4_K_M (350MB)<br>+ Q8_0 mmproj (200MB) | CPU (NEON) | 8.84 tok/s | 7.96 tok/s | 34.22 s | 1,059.02 MiB | 0.00 MiB | Baseline |
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- | **Samsung Galaxy A35 5G** | Exynos 1380<br>ARM Mali-G68 MP5 | SmolVLM-500M-Instruct | Q4_K_M (350MB)<br>+ Q8_0 mmproj (200MB) | **GPU (Vulkan)** | **5.67 tok/s** | **5.47 tok/s** | **52.57 s** | **0.00 MiB** | **1,059.02 MiB** | **+55.8% vs CPU** |
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- | Samsung Galaxy A35 5G | Exynos 1380<br>8-Core ARMv8.2-A CPU | SmolVLM-500M-Instruct | Q4_K_M (350MB)<br>+ Q8_0 mmproj (200MB) | CPU (NEON) | 4.88 tok/s | 3.51 tok/s | 65.34 s | 1,059.02 MiB | 0.00 MiB | Baseline |
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-
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- ### 7.1 Empirical Visual Question Answering Verification (Galaxy S25 Adreno 830)
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-
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- #### Test Case A: Geometric & Spatial Reasoning (`test_shapes_224x224.png`)
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- * **Input Image**: Clean canvas with primary geometric primitives (triangles, rectangle).
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- * **Prompt**: `"Describe the colors and geometric shapes visible in this image."`
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- * **Model**: `Moondream2 1.8B` (f16 text + f16 ViT mmproj, 2,706 MiB VRAM)
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- * **Exact Ground-Truth Output**:
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- > *"The image features a white background with three distinct geometric shapes: two triangles and one rectangle..."*
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- * **Execution Metrics**:
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- - GPU Layers Offloaded: **25 / 25 (100% Full GPU)**
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- - Vulkan VRAM Allocated: **2,706.00 MiB** (CPU Mapped VRAM: **0.00 MiB**)
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- - Prompt Evaluation: **19.60 tokens/sec** (749 tokens in 38,211 ms)
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- - Token Generation: **14.97 tokens/sec** (39 tokens in 2,605 ms, 66.80 ms/tok)
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- - Total Execution Time: **51.24s** (Cold weights loading: 10.4s, CPU ViT projection: 14.1s, GPU decoding: 2.6s)
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- - Exit Status: `Exit Code 0`
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-
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- #### Test Case B: Photorealistic Real-World Scene (`test_elephant_gpu_step2.png`)
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- * **Input Image**: Diffusion-synthesized high-detail photorealistic scene.
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- * **Prompt**: `"What animal is this and what is it doing?"`
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- * **Model**: `Moondream2 1.8B` (f16 text + f16 ViT mmproj)
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- * **Exact Ground-Truth Output**:
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- > *"The image shows a large elephant riding on top of a surfboard in the ocean."*
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- * **Execution Metrics**:
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- - Prompt Processing: **19.84 tokens/sec** (747 tokens in 37,651 ms)
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- - Generation Speed: **15.00 tokens/sec** (24 tokens in 1,600 ms, 66.67 ms/tok)
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- - KGSL Watchdog State: Fully stabilized via `GGML_VULKAN_SKIP_CHECKS="999999999"` (No `ErrorDeviceLost`)
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- - Exit Status: `Exit Code 0`
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-
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- ### 7.2 Key Architectural Discoveries
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- 1. **Adreno 830 SPIR-V JIT Fix**: Qualcomm's new compiler fails during unrolled vector compilation with `mul_mat_vec_max_cols = 8` (`VK_ERROR_UNKNOWN`). Reducing this parameter to `2` eliminates register spilling and enables full 25/25 layer GPU offloading.
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- 2. **Android KGSL Watchdog Defense**: Prefilling 729 vision tokens in mobile Vulkan exceeds the 5-second kernel watchdog timer unless micro-batched. Configuring `-b 64 -ub 64` and injecting `GGML_VULKAN_SKIP_CHECKS="999999999"` slices prefill into 1.8s units, preventing `ErrorDeviceLost`.
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- 3. **Pure GPU Isolation (0.00 MiB CPU VRAM)**: Across both Qualcomm Adreno 830 and ARM Mali (G78/G68), all tensor weights and KV cache reside strictly in Vulkan GPU memory.
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-
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- ---
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-
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- ## 8. Memory & VRAM Architecture
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-
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- ```
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- +---------------------------------------------------------------+
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- | Physical Mobile LPDDR4X/LPDDR5 RAM (8 GB) |
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- +---------------------------------------------------------------+
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- | |
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- v v
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- +-------------------------------+ +-------------------------------+
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- | Android OS & Framework | | Termux User Space |
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- | (~3.5 - 4.2 GB) | | (~3.8 - 4.5 GB) |
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- +-------------------------------+ +-------------------------------+
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- |
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- v
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- +-------------------------------+
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- | Vulkan Unified Memory |
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- | - Model Weights: 1059.02 MiB |
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- | - KV Cache : 384.00 MiB |
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- | - CPU Mapped : 0.00 MiB |
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- +-------------------------------+
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- ```
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-
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- ### Quantization & Android LMK Protection
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- * **SmolVLM-500M (Q4_K_M 350MB + Q8_0 mmproj 200MB)**: Peak working memory stays under ~1.6 GB, well below Android LMK eviction thresholds.
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- * **Qwen2-VL-2B (Q4_K_M 1.4GB + FP16 mmproj 600MB)**: Requires a minimum of 6GB available RAM; FP32 projector variants (>2.5GB) are automatically rejected to prevent SIGKILL aborts.
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-
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- ---
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-
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- ## 9. Hardware Requirements & Operational Limits
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-
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- | Requirement | Minimum Specification | Recommended Specification |
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- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
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- | **Operating System** | Android 10+ (Termux ARM64) | Android 13+ (One UI 5.0+ / Termux Bionic) |
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- | **Processor (SoC)** | 8-Core ARM64 (Cortex-A55/A76) | Exynos 2100 / Snapdragon 8 Gen 2 or newer |
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- | **System RAM** | 6 GB LPDDR4X | 8 GB+ LPDDR5 |
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- | **Vulkan API** | Vulkan 1.1 with SPIR-V Compute | Vulkan 1.2+ with Subgroup 16 arithmetic |
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- | **Free Storage** | 2.5 GB internal storage | 6.0 GB internal storage |
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-
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- ---
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-
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- ## 10. License & Permissible Use
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-
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- Licensed under the **Apache License, Version 2.0**.
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- Copyright (c) 2026 Eunho Kim ([@uno-km](https://github.com/uno-km)) & AMEVA Open-Source Foundation (AOSF).
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-
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- * [Official Documentation Portal](https://uno-km.vercel.app/lib/vision/)
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- * [AMEVA Open-Source Foundation](https://uno-km.vercel.app/foundation/index.html)
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- * [GitHub Repository](https://github.com/uno-km/termux-vision)
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- * [Issue Tracker](https://github.com/uno-km/termux-vision/issues)
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+ # Termux-Vision: On-Device Computer Vision & Multimodal VLM Framework
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+
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+ [![PyPI](https://img.shields.io/pypi/v/termux-vision.svg?style=flat-square&color=0369a1)](https://pypi.org/project/termux-vision/)
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+ [![Python](https://img.shields.io/pypi/pyversions/termux-vision.svg?style=flat-square)](https://pypi.org/project/termux-vision/)
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+ [![npm](https://img.shields.io/npm/v/termux-vision.svg?style=flat-square&color=b91c1c)](https://www.npmjs.com/package/termux-vision)
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+ [![npm downloads](https://img.shields.io/npm/dm/termux-vision.svg?style=flat-square&color=b91c1c)](https://www.npmjs.com/package/termux-vision)
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+ [![License](https://img.shields.io/badge/License-Apache_2.0-004499.svg?style=flat-square)](https://github.com/uno-km/termux-vision)
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+ [![Hardware Acceleration](https://img.shields.io/badge/Vulkan-1.1%2B%20Compute-orange?style=flat-square&logo=vulkan)](https://www.vulkan.org/)
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+
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+ > **Native On-Device Computer Vision & Multimodal Vision-Language Model (VLM) Runtime for Android Termux via Direct Bionic libc & Vulkan Compute Acceleration.**
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+ > *Zero PRoot. Zero Virtualization. 100% Native ARMv8.2-A NEON SIMD & Hardware GPU Offloading.*
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+
13
+ ---
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+
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+ ## 📑 Table of Contents
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+
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+ 1. [Overview & Key Capabilities](#1-overview--key-capabilities)
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+ 2. [Installation Guide](#2-installation-guide)
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+ 3. [Enabling Hardware GPU Acceleration (with ameva-runtime)](#3-enabling-hardware-gpu-acceleration-with-ameva-runtime)
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+ 4. [Standardized CLI & Parameter Matrix](#4-standardized-cli--parameter-matrix)
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+ 5. [Dual Engine Code Examples (Python & Node.js)](#5-dual-engine-code-examples-python--nodejs)
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+ 6. [Production Diagnostics (`termux-vision doctor`)](#6-production-diagnostics-termux-vision-doctor)
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+ 7. [Real-World Benchmarks & Hardware Scorecard](#7-real-world-benchmarks--hardware-scorecard)
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+ 8. [Memory & VRAM Architecture (Zero CPU-Mapped VRAM)](#8-memory--vram-architecture)
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+ 9. [Hardware Requirements & Operational Limits](#9-hardware-requirements--operational-limits)
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+ 10. [License & Permissible Use](#10-license--permissible-use)
27
+
28
+ ---
29
+
30
+ ## 1. Overview & Key Capabilities
31
+
32
+ `termux-vision` is an enterprise-grade, on-device multimodal vision inference and spatial computing framework engineered specifically for mobile Android devices. Operating directly against Android's native Bionic libc ABI and host Vulkan compute drivers, `termux-vision` eliminates heavyweight desktop dependencies (OpenCV, TorchVision) and enables high-throughput visual question answering, OCR image captioning, and classical feature extraction directly on edge hardware.
33
+
34
+ * **Native Bionic libc ABI Direct Binding**: Runs directly inside Termux user space with zero virtualization indirection, achieving bare-metal compute efficiency.
35
+ * **Dual Compute Acceleration**: Integrates ARMv8.2-A DotProd/FP16 SIMD vector instructions with mobile Vulkan compute shader pipelines.
36
+ * **Full-Layer GPU Offloading (-ngl 99)**: Dispatches all 99 transformer layers and cross-attention vision projections directly to device GPU VRAM, achieving pure GPU offloading (**0.00 MiB CPU mapped VRAM**).
37
+ * **Zero-Dependency Classical Vision Suite**: Native 5-stage Canny edge detector (8-directional BFS hysteresis), Sobel 3x3 filtering, 2D Integral Images, and Haar-like face candidate localization in pure C/Python/JS.
38
+ * **Autonomous OOM & LMK Protection**: Enforces atomic model validation (>10MB threshold guard) and quant-pair validation (SmolVLM Q4_K_M + Q8_0 mmproj) to strictly respect Android Low Memory Killer (LMK) bounds.
39
+
40
+ ---
41
+
42
+ ## 2. Installation Guide
43
+
44
+ `termux-vision` is distributed across both Python (PyPI) and Node.js (npm) ecosystems, with official precompiled ARM64 wheel assets published on GitHub Releases.
45
+
46
+ ### 2.1 Termux System Prerequisites
47
+ Launch Termux and install required native compilers, Vulkan drivers, and image libraries:
48
+ ```bash
49
+ pkg update -y
50
+ pkg install -y python nodejs clang make cmake git termux-api wget vulkan-loader vulkan-headers vulkan-tools opencl-headers python-numpy libjpeg-turbo
51
+ ```
52
+
53
+ ### 2.2 Python Package Installation
54
+
55
+ * **Option A: Install from PyPI (Recommended)**:
56
+ ```bash
57
+ pip install --upgrade pip setuptools wheel
58
+ pip install termux-vision
59
+ ```
60
+
61
+ * **Option B: Direct GitHub Releases Wheel Asset (SSOT Verified)**:
62
+ ```bash
63
+ # Download and install the prebuilt v1.4.0 release wheel
64
+ pip install https://github.com/uno-km/termux-vision/releases/download/v1.4.0/termux_vision-1.4.0-py3-none-any.whl
65
+ ```
66
+
67
+ ### 2.3 Node.js / TypeScript CLI Installation
68
+ ```bash
69
+ # Global CLI installation
70
+ npm install -g termux-vision
71
+
72
+ # Local project dependency
73
+ npm install termux-vision
74
+ ```
75
+
76
+ ### 2.4 One-Line Bootstrap Installer
77
+ Run the universal bootstrap installer to automatically configure repositories, compile native C/C++ acceleration shims, and verify hardware:
78
+ ```bash
79
+ curl -sL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/uno-km/termux-vision/main/install.sh | bash
80
+ ```
81
+
82
+ ---
83
+
84
+ ## 3. Enabling Hardware GPU Acceleration (with ameva-runtime)
85
+
86
+ To unlock mobile GPU acceleration via Vulkan compute shaders and achieve significant speedups over pure CPU execution, install **`termux-vision`** alongside **`ameva-runtime`**:
87
+
88
+ ### 🌟 One-Line Installation
89
+ ```bash
90
+ # Python Environment
91
+ pip install termux-vision ameva-runtime termux-llamacpp
92
+
93
+ # Node.js Environment
94
+ npm install -g termux-vision @ameva/runtime
95
+ ```
96
+
97
+ ### 🔮 Mobile GPU Silicon Architecture Status
98
+
99
+ | GPU Microarchitecture | Silicon / SoC Reference | Status | Optimization Mechanics |
100
+ | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
101
+ | **Qualcomm Adreno GPU** | Snapdragon 8 Elite (Adreno 830)<br>Snapdragon 8 Gen 1/2/3 (Adreno 730-750) | 🟢 **Production Verified** | Direct Bionic ICD binding, SPIR-V JIT patch (`mul_mat_vec_max_cols = 2`), KGSL Watchdog defense (`GGML_VULKAN_SKIP_CHECKS="999999999"`), micro-batch prefill chunking (`-b 64 -ub 64`). |
102
+ | **ARM Mali GPU** | Exynos 2100 (Mali-G78 MP14)<br>Exynos 1380 (Mali-G68 MP5) | 🟢 **Production Verified** | Bionic Vulkan ICD binding, Tile-Based Deferred Rendering (TBDR) memory isolation, MMVQ matrix-vector kernel dispatch (`--tune-mali`). |
103
+ | **Samsung Xclipse GPU** | Exynos 2200 / 2400<br>(Xclipse 920 / 940 - AMD RDNA) | 🟡 **In Development (개발 진행 중)** | SPIR-V instruction scheduling and RDNA mobile shader alignment under active engineering. |
104
+
105
+ Verify GPU driver detection and hardware readiness:
106
+ ```bash
107
+ termux-vision doctor
108
+ ```
109
+
110
+ ---
111
+
112
+ ## 4. Standardized CLI & Parameter Matrix
113
+
114
+ `termux-vision` strictly complies with the official `uno-km` family CLI standard:
115
+
116
+ | Parameter | Alias | Default | Description |
117
+ | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
118
+ | `-d, --device` | `-b, --backend` | `auto` | Compute acceleration backend: `auto`, `gpu`, `vulkan`, `cpu`, `vulkan-force` |
119
+ | `-i, --image` | `--image-path` | *Required* | Path to input image (`.png`, `.jpg`, `.webp`) |
120
+ | `-p, --prompt` | *N/A* | `"Describe this image"` | Multimodal text instruction query |
121
+ | `-m, --model` | *N/A* | `smolvlm-500m` | GGUF language model path or catalog identifier |
122
+ | `--mmproj` | *N/A* | *Auto-paired* | Vision projector GGUF model path (`mmproj-*.gguf`) |
123
+ | `-n, --max-tokens` | `--n-predict` | `150` | Maximum number of generated tokens |
124
+ | `-c, --ctx-size` | `--ctx` | `2048` | Context window size |
125
+ | `-t, --threads` | *N/A* | `auto` | Number of CPU execution threads |
126
+ | `-W, --width` | *N/A* | *None* | Explicit image resize width in pixels |
127
+ | `-H, --height` | *N/A* | *None* | Explicit image resize height in pixels |
128
+ | `--image-size` | *N/A* | *None* | Image resolution preset (e.g. `224x224`, `384x384`) |
129
+ | `-q, --quality` | *N/A* | `optimal` | 4-tier resolution preset: `fast` (384px), `optimal` (768px), `high` (1280px), `original` (1:1) |
130
+ | `--tune-mali` | *N/A* | `False` | Enable ARM Mali GPU MMVQ tuning (`GGML_VK_FORCE_MMVQ=1`) |
131
+ | `--json` | *N/A* | `False` | Emit machine-readable JSON benchmark telemetry |
132
+ | `-v, --verbose` | *N/A* | `False` | Print detailed layer offloading and hardware logs |
133
+
134
+ ### Practical CLI Usage Examples
135
+
136
+ ```bash
137
+ # 1. Automated GPU Acceleration (Default auto-routing)
138
+ termux-vision vlm photo.jpg -p "What objects are visible in this scene?"
139
+
140
+ # 2. Pure GPU Mode on ARM Mali Silicon (Galaxy S21 / A35)
141
+ termux-vision vlm photo.jpg -d gpu --tune-mali -p "Describe the text and layout."
142
+
143
+ # 3. Pure CPU Fallback Mode (Strict 0 GPU VRAM allocation)
144
+ termux-vision vlm photo.jpg -d cpu -t 6 -p "Analyze this diagram."
145
+
146
+ # 4. Ultra-Low-Latency Mode (224x224 scaled ViT input)
147
+ python tools/vlm_runner.py -i photo.jpg -d gpu --image-size 224x224 -n 60
148
+
149
+ # 5. Zero-Dependency Classical Canny Edge Detection
150
+ termux-vision canny input.jpg -o edges.png --low 40 --high 120
151
+ ```
152
+
153
+ ---
154
+
155
+ ## 5. Dual Engine Code Examples (Python & Node.js)
156
+
157
+ ### 5.1 Python SDK
158
+ ```python
159
+ import termux_vision as tv
160
+
161
+ # 1. Zero-Dependency Classical CV Filtering (sub-10ms execution)
162
+ image = tv.io.load_image("document.jpg")
163
+ grayscale = tv.transforms.to_grayscale(image)
164
+ edges = tv.cv.canny(grayscale, low_threshold=40, high_threshold=120)
165
+ tv.io.save_image(edges, "edges.png")
166
+
167
+ # 2. On-Device Multimodal VLM Inference (Vulkan GPU Accelerated)
168
+ with tv.vlm.load("smolvlm-500m", device="gpu") as engine:
169
+ result = engine.describe(
170
+ "document.jpg",
171
+ prompt="Extract all visible text and summarize key bullet points.",
172
+ quality="optimal",
173
+ max_tokens=200
174
+ )
175
+ print(f"Backend: {result.metrics.backend} | TPS: {result.metrics.tokens_per_second:.2f} tok/s")
176
+ print(f"Response:
177
+ {result.text}")
178
+ ```
179
+
180
+ ### 5.2 Node.js / TypeScript SDK
181
+ ```typescript
182
+ import tv from 'termux-vision';
183
+
184
+ // 1. Hardware Diagnostic Probe
185
+ const doctor = tv.doctor(true);
186
+ console.log(`Vulkan GPU: ${doctor.vulkan.status} | Available RAM: ${doctor.hardware.availableRamMb} MB`);
187
+
188
+ // 2. Multimodal VLM Inference
189
+ const engine = await tv.load({ modelId: 'smolvlm-500m', device: 'gpu' });
190
+ const response = await engine.describe('photo.jpg', {
191
+ prompt: 'Identify the geometric shapes and colors.',
192
+ quality: 'optimal',
193
+ maxTokens: 100
194
+ });
195
+
196
+ console.log(`[${response.metrics.backend.toUpperCase()}] ${response.text}`);
197
+ engine.close();
198
+ ```
199
+
200
+ ---
201
+
202
+ ## 6. Production Diagnostics (`termux-vision doctor`)
203
+
204
+ Termux-Vision features an integrated hardware diagnostics probe to inspect the host environment before launching inference:
205
+
206
+ ```bash
207
+ termux-vision doctor
208
+ ```
209
+
210
+ **Diagnostic Output Profile:**
211
+ ```
212
+ === termux-vision Diagnostic Doctor ===
213
+ Platform : Linux (aarch64) | Android: True
214
+ RAM : Total 7812MB | Available 3450MB
215
+ CPU Cores: 8 (big.LITTLE Affinity Governor active)
216
+ Vulkan : Loader=True | Driver=/system/lib64/libvulkan.so | Status=READY
217
+ GPU Soc : ARM Mali-G78 MP14 (Exynos 2100)
218
+ Models : 2 installed in ~/.cache/termux-vision/models
219
+ Preset : optimal (768px recommended)
220
+ ```
221
+
222
+ ---
223
+
224
+ ## 7. Real-World Benchmarks & Hardware Scorecard
225
+
226
+ All metrics represent deterministic ground-truth measurements obtained on physical test devices running Android Termux unrooted, comparing **Moondream2 1.8B f16** and **SmolVLM-500M Instruct (Q4_K_M + Q8_0 mmproj)**.
227
+
228
+ | Target Device | SoC & GPU Architecture | Model Architecture | Precision & Weights | Mode | Prompt Processing | Token Generation | Total Latency | Mapped CPU VRAM | Vulkan GPU VRAM | Status / Speedup |
229
+ | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
230
+ | **Samsung Galaxy S25** | Snapdragon 8 Elite<br>Qualcomm Adreno 830 | **Moondream2 1.8B** | Text f16 (2.7GB)<br>+ ViT f16 (868MB) | **GPU (Vulkan 25/25)** | **19.84 tok/s** | **15.00 tok/s** | **39.20 s** | **0.00 MiB** | **2,706.00 MiB** | **Production Verified** |
231
+ | **Samsung Galaxy S21 5G** | Exynos 2100<br>ARM Mali-G78 MP14 | SmolVLM-500M-Instruct | Q4_K_M (350MB)<br>+ Q8_0 mmproj (200MB) | **GPU (Vulkan)** | **14.28 tok/s** | **12.65 tok/s** | **21.26 s** | **0.00 MiB** | **1,059.02 MiB** | **+58.9% vs CPU** |
232
+ | Samsung Galaxy S21 5G | Exynos 2100<br>8-Core ARMv8.2-A CPU | SmolVLM-500M-Instruct | Q4_K_M (350MB)<br>+ Q8_0 mmproj (200MB) | CPU (NEON) | 8.84 tok/s | 7.96 tok/s | 34.22 s | 1,059.02 MiB | 0.00 MiB | Baseline |
233
+ | **Samsung Galaxy A35 5G** | Exynos 1380<br>ARM Mali-G68 MP5 | SmolVLM-500M-Instruct | Q4_K_M (350MB)<br>+ Q8_0 mmproj (200MB) | **GPU (Vulkan)** | **5.67 tok/s** | **5.47 tok/s** | **52.57 s** | **0.00 MiB** | **1,059.02 MiB** | **+55.8% vs CPU** |
234
+ | Samsung Galaxy A35 5G | Exynos 1380<br>8-Core ARMv8.2-A CPU | SmolVLM-500M-Instruct | Q4_K_M (350MB)<br>+ Q8_0 mmproj (200MB) | CPU (NEON) | 4.88 tok/s | 3.51 tok/s | 65.34 s | 1,059.02 MiB | 0.00 MiB | Baseline |
235
+
236
+ ### 7.1 Empirical Visual Question Answering Verification (Galaxy S25 Adreno 830)
237
+
238
+ #### Test Case A: Geometric & Spatial Reasoning (`test_shapes_224x224.png`)
239
+ * **Input Image**: Clean canvas with primary geometric primitives (triangles, rectangle).
240
+ * **Prompt**: `"Describe the colors and geometric shapes visible in this image."`
241
+ * **Model**: `Moondream2 1.8B` (f16 text + f16 ViT mmproj, 2,706 MiB VRAM)
242
+ * **Exact Ground-Truth Output**:
243
+ > *"The image features a white background with three distinct geometric shapes: two triangles and one rectangle..."*
244
+ * **Execution Metrics**:
245
+ - GPU Layers Offloaded: **25 / 25 (100% Full GPU)**
246
+ - Vulkan VRAM Allocated: **2,706.00 MiB** (CPU Mapped VRAM: **0.00 MiB**)
247
+ - Prompt Evaluation: **19.60 tokens/sec** (749 tokens in 38,211 ms)
248
+ - Token Generation: **14.97 tokens/sec** (39 tokens in 2,605 ms, 66.80 ms/tok)
249
+ - Total Execution Time: **51.24s** (Cold weights loading: 10.4s, CPU ViT projection: 14.1s, GPU decoding: 2.6s)
250
+ - Exit Status: `Exit Code 0`
251
+
252
+ #### Test Case B: Photorealistic Real-World Scene (`test_elephant_gpu_step2.png`)
253
+ * **Input Image**: Diffusion-synthesized high-detail photorealistic scene.
254
+ * **Prompt**: `"What animal is this and what is it doing?"`
255
+ * **Model**: `Moondream2 1.8B` (f16 text + f16 ViT mmproj)
256
+ * **Exact Ground-Truth Output**:
257
+ > *"The image shows a large elephant riding on top of a surfboard in the ocean."*
258
+ * **Execution Metrics**:
259
+ - Prompt Processing: **19.84 tokens/sec** (747 tokens in 37,651 ms)
260
+ - Generation Speed: **15.00 tokens/sec** (24 tokens in 1,600 ms, 66.67 ms/tok)
261
+ - KGSL Watchdog State: Fully stabilized via `GGML_VULKAN_SKIP_CHECKS="999999999"` (No `ErrorDeviceLost`)
262
+ - Exit Status: `Exit Code 0`
263
+
264
+ ### 7.2 Key Architectural Discoveries
265
+ 1. **Adreno 830 SPIR-V JIT Fix**: Qualcomm's new compiler fails during unrolled vector compilation with `mul_mat_vec_max_cols = 8` (`VK_ERROR_UNKNOWN`). Reducing this parameter to `2` eliminates register spilling and enables full 25/25 layer GPU offloading.
266
+ 2. **Android KGSL Watchdog Defense**: Prefilling 729 vision tokens in mobile Vulkan exceeds the 5-second kernel watchdog timer unless micro-batched. Configuring `-b 64 -ub 64` and injecting `GGML_VULKAN_SKIP_CHECKS="999999999"` slices prefill into 1.8s units, preventing `ErrorDeviceLost`.
267
+ 3. **Pure GPU Isolation (0.00 MiB CPU VRAM)**: Across both Qualcomm Adreno 830 and ARM Mali (G78/G68), all tensor weights and KV cache reside strictly in Vulkan GPU memory.
268
+
269
+ ---
270
+
271
+ ## 8. Memory & VRAM Architecture
272
+
273
+ ```
274
+ +---------------------------------------------------------------+
275
+ | Physical Mobile LPDDR4X/LPDDR5 RAM (8 GB) |
276
+ +---------------------------------------------------------------+
277
+ | |
278
+ v v
279
+ +-------------------------------+ +-------------------------------+
280
+ | Android OS & Framework | | Termux User Space |
281
+ | (~3.5 - 4.2 GB) | | (~3.8 - 4.5 GB) |
282
+ +-------------------------------+ +-------------------------------+
283
+ |
284
+ v
285
+ +-------------------------------+
286
+ | Vulkan Unified Memory |
287
+ | - Model Weights: 1059.02 MiB |
288
+ | - KV Cache : 384.00 MiB |
289
+ | - CPU Mapped : 0.00 MiB |
290
+ +-------------------------------+
291
+ ```
292
+
293
+ ### Quantization & Android LMK Protection
294
+ * **SmolVLM-500M (Q4_K_M 350MB + Q8_0 mmproj 200MB)**: Peak working memory stays under ~1.6 GB, well below Android LMK eviction thresholds.
295
+ * **Qwen2-VL-2B (Q4_K_M 1.4GB + FP16 mmproj 600MB)**: Requires a minimum of 6GB available RAM; FP32 projector variants (>2.5GB) are automatically rejected to prevent SIGKILL aborts.
296
+
297
+ ---
298
+
299
+ ## 9. Hardware Requirements & Operational Limits
300
+
301
+ | Requirement | Minimum Specification | Recommended Specification |
302
+ | :--- | :--- | :--- |
303
+ | **Operating System** | Android 10+ (Termux ARM64) | Android 13+ (One UI 5.0+ / Termux Bionic) |
304
+ | **Processor (SoC)** | 8-Core ARM64 (Cortex-A55/A76) | Exynos 2100 / Snapdragon 8 Gen 2 or newer |
305
+ | **System RAM** | 6 GB LPDDR4X | 8 GB+ LPDDR5 |
306
+ | **Vulkan API** | Vulkan 1.1 with SPIR-V Compute | Vulkan 1.2+ with Subgroup 16 arithmetic |
307
+ | **Free Storage** | 2.5 GB internal storage | 6.0 GB internal storage |
308
+
309
+ ---
310
+
311
+ ## 10. License & Permissible Use
312
+
313
+ Licensed under the **Apache License, Version 2.0**.
314
+ Copyright (c) 2026 Eunho Kim ([@uno-km](https://github.com/uno-km)) & AMEVA Open-Source Foundation (AOSF).
315
+
316
+ * [Official Documentation Portal](https://uno-km.vercel.app/lib/vision/)
317
+ * [AMEVA Open-Source Foundation](https://uno-km.vercel.app/foundation/index.html)
318
+ * [GitHub Repository](https://github.com/uno-km/termux-vision)
319
+ * [Issue Tracker](https://github.com/uno-km/termux-vision/issues)