targetj 1.0.260 → 1.1.1

package/build/ParticleRuntime.js

@@ -2,12 +2,19 @@ function _typeof(o) { "@babel/helpers - typeof"; return _typeof = "function" ==
 function _regeneratorRuntime() { "use strict"; /*! regenerator-runtime -- Copyright (c) 2014-present, Facebook, Inc. -- license (MIT): https://github.com/facebook/regenerator/blob/main/LICENSE */ _regeneratorRuntime = function _regeneratorRuntime() { return e; }; var t, e = {}, r = Object.prototype, n = r.hasOwnProperty, o = Object.defineProperty || function (t, e, r) { t[e] = r.value; }, i = "function" == typeof Symbol ? Symbol : {}, a = i.iterator || "@@iterator", c = i.asyncIterator || "@@asyncIterator", u = i.toStringTag || "@@toStringTag"; function define(t, e, r) { return Object.defineProperty(t, e, { value: r, enumerable: !0, configurable: !0, writable: !0 }), t[e]; } try { define({}, ""); } catch (t) { define = function define(t, e, r) { return t[e] = r; }; } function wrap(t, e, r, n) { var i = e && e.prototype instanceof Generator ? e : Generator, a = Object.create(i.prototype), c = new Context(n || []); return o(a, "_invoke", { value: makeInvokeMethod(t, r, c) }), a; } function tryCatch(t, e, r) { try { return { type: "normal", arg: t.call(e, r) }; } catch (t) { return { type: "throw", arg: t }; } } e.wrap = wrap; var h = "suspendedStart", l = "suspendedYield", f = "executing", s = "completed", y = {}; function Generator() {} function GeneratorFunction() {} function GeneratorFunctionPrototype() {} var p = {}; define(p, a, function () { return this; }); var d = Object.getPrototypeOf, v = d && d(d(values([]))); v && v !== r && n.call(v, a) && (p = v); var g = GeneratorFunctionPrototype.prototype = Generator.prototype = Object.create(p); function defineIteratorMethods(t) { ["next", "throw", "return"].forEach(function (e) { define(t, e, function (t) { return this._invoke(e, t); }); }); } function AsyncIterator(t, e) { function invoke(r, o, i, a) { var c = tryCatch(t[r], t, o); if ("throw" !== c.type) { var u = c.arg, h = u.value; return h && "object" == _typeof(h) && n.call(h, "__await") ? e.resolve(h.__await).then(function (t) { invoke("next", t, i, a); }, function (t) { invoke("throw", t, i, a); }) : e.resolve(h).then(function (t) { u.value = t, i(u); }, function (t) { return invoke("throw", t, i, a); }); } a(c.arg); } var r; o(this, "_invoke", { value: function value(t, n) { function callInvokeWithMethodAndArg() { return new e(function (e, r) { invoke(t, n, e, r); }); } return r = r ? r.then(callInvokeWithMethodAndArg, callInvokeWithMethodAndArg) : callInvokeWithMethodAndArg(); } }); } function makeInvokeMethod(e, r, n) { var o = h; return function (i, a) { if (o === f) throw Error("Generator is already running"); if (o === s) { if ("throw" === i) throw a; return { value: t, done: !0 }; } for (n.method = i, n.arg = a;;) { var c = n.delegate; if (c) { var u = maybeInvokeDelegate(c, n); if (u) { if (u === y) continue; return u; } } if ("next" === n.method) n.sent = n._sent = n.arg;else if ("throw" === n.method) { if (o === h) throw o = s, n.arg; n.dispatchException(n.arg); } else "return" === n.method && n.abrupt("return", n.arg); o = f; var p = tryCatch(e, r, n); if ("normal" === p.type) { if (o = n.done ? s : l, p.arg === y) continue; return { value: p.arg, done: n.done }; } "throw" === p.type && (o = s, n.method = "throw", n.arg = p.arg); } }; } function maybeInvokeDelegate(e, r) { var n = r.method, o = e.iterator[n]; if (o === t) return r.delegate = null, "throw" === n && e.iterator.return && (r.method = "return", r.arg = t, maybeInvokeDelegate(e, r), "throw" === r.method) || "return" !== n && (r.method = "throw", r.arg = new TypeError("The iterator does not provide a '" + n + "' method")), y; var i = tryCatch(o, e.iterator, r.arg); if ("throw" === i.type) return r.method = "throw", r.arg = i.arg, r.delegate = null, y; var a = i.arg; return a ? a.done ? (r[e.resultName] = a.value, r.next = e.nextLoc, "return" !== r.method && (r.method = "next", r.arg = t), r.delegate = null, y) : a : (r.method = "throw", r.arg = new TypeError("iterator result is not an object"), r.delegate = null, y); } function pushTryEntry(t) { var e = { tryLoc: t[0] }; 1 in t && (e.catchLoc = t[1]), 2 in t && (e.finallyLoc = t[2], e.afterLoc = t[3]), this.tryEntries.push(e); } function resetTryEntry(t) { var e = t.completion || {}; e.type = "normal", delete e.arg, t.completion = e; } function Context(t) { this.tryEntries = [{ tryLoc: "root" }], t.forEach(pushTryEntry, this), this.reset(!0); } function values(e) { if (e || "" === e) { var r = e[a]; if (r) return r.call(e); if ("function" == typeof e.next) return e; if (!isNaN(e.length)) { var o = -1, i = function next() { for (; ++o < e.length;) if (n.call(e, o)) return next.value = e[o], next.done = !1, next; return next.value = t, next.done = !0, next; }; return i.next = i; } } throw new TypeError(_typeof(e) + " is not iterable"); } return GeneratorFunction.prototype = GeneratorFunctionPrototype, o(g, "constructor", { value: GeneratorFunctionPrototype, configurable: !0 }), o(GeneratorFunctionPrototype, "constructor", { value: GeneratorFunction, configurable: !0 }), GeneratorFunction.displayName = define(GeneratorFunctionPrototype, u, "GeneratorFunction"), e.isGeneratorFunction = function (t) { var e = "function" == typeof t && t.constructor; return !!e && (e === GeneratorFunction || "GeneratorFunction" === (e.displayName || e.name)); }, e.mark = function (t) { return Object.setPrototypeOf ? Object.setPrototypeOf(t, GeneratorFunctionPrototype) : (t.__proto__ = GeneratorFunctionPrototype, define(t, u, "GeneratorFunction")), t.prototype = Object.create(g), t; }, e.awrap = function (t) { return { __await: t }; }, defineIteratorMethods(AsyncIterator.prototype), define(AsyncIterator.prototype, c, function () { return this; }), e.AsyncIterator = AsyncIterator, e.async = function (t, r, n, o, i) { void 0 === i && (i = Promise); var a = new AsyncIterator(wrap(t, r, n, o), i); return e.isGeneratorFunction(r) ? a : a.next().then(function (t) { return t.done ? t.value : a.next(); }); }, defineIteratorMethods(g), define(g, u, "Generator"), define(g, a, function () { return this; }), define(g, "toString", function () { return "[object Generator]"; }), e.keys = function (t) { var e = Object(t), r = []; for (var n in e) r.push(n); return r.reverse(), function next() { for (; r.length;) { var t = r.pop(); if (t in e) return next.value = t, next.done = !1, next; } return next.done = !0, next; }; }, e.values = values, Context.prototype = { constructor: Context, reset: function reset(e) { if (this.prev = 0, this.next = 0, this.sent = this._sent = t, this.done = !1, this.delegate = null, this.method = "next", this.arg = t, this.tryEntries.forEach(resetTryEntry), !e) for (var r in this) "t" === r.charAt(0) && n.call(this, r) && !isNaN(+r.slice(1)) && (this[r] = t); }, stop: function stop() { this.done = !0; var t = this.tryEntries[0].completion; if ("throw" === t.type) throw t.arg; return this.rval; }, dispatchException: function dispatchException(e) { if (this.done) throw e; var r = this; function handle(n, o) { return a.type = "throw", a.arg = e, r.next = n, o && (r.method = "next", r.arg = t), !!o; } for (var o = this.tryEntries.length - 1; o >= 0; --o) { var i = this.tryEntries[o], a = i.completion; if ("root" === i.tryLoc) return handle("end"); if (i.tryLoc <= this.prev) { var c = n.call(i, "catchLoc"), u = n.call(i, "finallyLoc"); if (c && u) { if (this.prev < i.catchLoc) return handle(i.catchLoc, !0); if (this.prev < i.finallyLoc) return handle(i.finallyLoc); } else if (c) { if (this.prev < i.catchLoc) return handle(i.catchLoc, !0); } else { if (!u) throw Error("try statement without catch or finally"); if (this.prev < i.finallyLoc) return handle(i.finallyLoc); } } } }, abrupt: function abrupt(t, e) { for (var r = this.tryEntries.length - 1; r >= 0; --r) { var o = this.tryEntries[r]; if (o.tryLoc <= this.prev && n.call(o, "finallyLoc") && this.prev < o.finallyLoc) { var i = o; break; } } i && ("break" === t || "continue" === t) && i.tryLoc <= e && e <= i.finallyLoc && (i = null); var a = i ? i.completion : {}; return a.type = t, a.arg = e, i ? (this.method = "next", this.next = i.finallyLoc, y) : this.complete(a); }, complete: function complete(t, e) { if ("throw" === t.type) throw t.arg; return "break" === t.type || "continue" === t.type ? this.next = t.arg : "return" === t.type ? (this.rval = this.arg = t.arg, this.method = "return", this.next = "end") : "normal" === t.type && e && (this.next = e), y; }, finish: function finish(t) { for (var e = this.tryEntries.length - 1; e >= 0; --e) { var r = this.tryEntries[e]; if (r.finallyLoc === t) return this.complete(r.completion, r.afterLoc), resetTryEntry(r), y; } }, catch: function _catch(t) { for (var e = this.tryEntries.length - 1; e >= 0; --e) { var r = this.tryEntries[e]; if (r.tryLoc === t) { var n = r.completion; if ("throw" === n.type) { var o = n.arg; resetTryEntry(r); } return o; } } throw Error("illegal catch attempt"); }, delegateYield: function delegateYield(e, r, n) { return this.delegate = { iterator: values(e), resultName: r, nextLoc: n }, "next" === this.method && (this.arg = t), y; } }, e; }
 function asyncGeneratorStep(n, t, e, r, o, a, c) { try { var i = n[a](c), u = i.value; } catch (n) { return void e(n); } i.done ? t(u) : Promise.resolve(u).then(r, o); }
 function _asyncToGenerator(n) { return function () { var t = this, e = arguments; return new Promise(function (r, o) { var a = n.apply(t, e); function _next(n) { asyncGeneratorStep(a, r, o, _next, _throw, "next", n); } function _throw(n) { asyncGeneratorStep(a, r, o, _next, _throw, "throw", n); } _next(void 0); }); }; }
+function _slicedToArray(r, e) { return _arrayWithHoles(r) || _iterableToArrayLimit(r, e) || _unsupportedIterableToArray(r, e) || _nonIterableRest(); }
+function _nonIterableRest() { throw new TypeError("Invalid attempt to destructure non-iterable instance.\nIn order to be iterable, non-array objects must have a [Symbol.iterator]() method."); }
+function _iterableToArrayLimit(r, l) { var t = null == r ? null : "undefined" != typeof Symbol && r[Symbol.iterator] || r["@@iterator"]; if (null != t) { var e, n, i, u, a = [], f = !0, o = !1; try { if (i = (t = t.call(r)).next, 0 === l) { if (Object(t) !== t) return; f = !1; } else for (; !(f = (e = i.call(t)).done) && (a.push(e.value), a.length !== l); f = !0); } catch (r) { o = !0, n = r; } finally { try { if (!f && null != t.return && (u = t.return(), Object(u) !== u)) return; } finally { if (o) throw n; } } return a; } }
+function _arrayWithHoles(r) { if (Array.isArray(r)) return r; }
+function _createForOfIteratorHelper(r, e) { var t = "undefined" != typeof Symbol && r[Symbol.iterator] || r["@@iterator"]; if (!t) { if (Array.isArray(r) || (t = _unsupportedIterableToArray(r)) || e && r && "number" == typeof r.length) { t && (r = t); var _n = 0, F = function F() {}; return { s: F, n: function n() { return _n >= r.length ? { done: !0 } : { done: !1, value: r[_n++] }; }, e: function e(r) { throw r; }, f: F }; } throw new TypeError("Invalid attempt to iterate non-iterable instance.\nIn order to be iterable, non-array objects must have a [Symbol.iterator]() method."); } var o, a = !0, u = !1; return { s: function s() { t = t.call(r); }, n: function n() { var r = t.next(); return a = r.done, r; }, e: function e(r) { u = !0, o = r; }, f: function f() { try { a || null == t.return || t.return(); } finally { if (u) throw o; } } }; }
+function ownKeys(e, r) { var t = Object.keys(e); if (Object.getOwnPropertySymbols) { var o = Object.getOwnPropertySymbols(e); r && (o = o.filter(function (r) { return Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(e, r).enumerable; })), t.push.apply(t, o); } return t; }
+function _objectSpread(e) { for (var r = 1; r < arguments.length; r++) { var t = null != arguments[r] ? arguments[r] : {}; r % 2 ? ownKeys(Object(t), !0).forEach(function (r) { _defineProperty(e, r, t[r]); }) : Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptors ? Object.defineProperties(e, Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptors(t)) : ownKeys(Object(t)).forEach(function (r) { Object.defineProperty(e, r, Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(t, r)); }); } return e; }
+function _defineProperty(e, r, t) { return (r = _toPropertyKey(r)) in e ? Object.defineProperty(e, r, { value: t, enumerable: !0, configurable: !0, writable: !0 }) : e[r] = t, e; }
 function _toConsumableArray(r) { return _arrayWithoutHoles(r) || _iterableToArray(r) || _unsupportedIterableToArray(r) || _nonIterableSpread(); }
 function _nonIterableSpread() { throw new TypeError("Invalid attempt to spread non-iterable instance.\nIn order to be iterable, non-array objects must have a [Symbol.iterator]() method."); }
+function _unsupportedIterableToArray(r, a) { if (r) { if ("string" == typeof r) return _arrayLikeToArray(r, a); var t = {}.toString.call(r).slice(8, -1); return "Object" === t && r.constructor && (t = r.constructor.name), "Map" === t || "Set" === t ? Array.from(r) : "Arguments" === t || /^(?:Ui|I)nt(?:8|16|32)(?:Clamped)?Array$/.test(t) ? _arrayLikeToArray(r, a) : void 0; } }
 function _iterableToArray(r) { if ("undefined" != typeof Symbol && null != r[Symbol.iterator] || null != r["@@iterator"]) return Array.from(r); }
 function _arrayWithoutHoles(r) { if (Array.isArray(r)) return _arrayLikeToArray(r); }
-function _createForOfIteratorHelper(r, e) { var t = "undefined" != typeof Symbol && r[Symbol.iterator] || r["@@iterator"]; if (!t) { if (Array.isArray(r) || (t = _unsupportedIterableToArray(r)) || e && r && "number" == typeof r.length) { t && (r = t); var _n = 0, F = function F() {}; return { s: F, n: function n() { return _n >= r.length ? { done: !0 } : { done: !1, value: r[_n++] }; }, e: function e(r) { throw r; }, f: F }; } throw new TypeError("Invalid attempt to iterate non-iterable instance.\nIn order to be iterable, non-array objects must have a [Symbol.iterator]() method."); } var o, a = !0, u = !1; return { s: function s() { t = t.call(r); }, n: function n() { var r = t.next(); return a = r.done, r; }, e: function e(r) { u = !0, o = r; }, f: function f() { try { a || null == t.return || t.return(); } finally { if (u) throw o; } } }; }
-function _unsupportedIterableToArray(r, a) { if (r) { if ("string" == typeof r) return _arrayLikeToArray(r, a); var t = {}.toString.call(r).slice(8, -1); return "Object" === t && r.constructor && (t = r.constructor.name), "Map" === t || "Set" === t ? Array.from(r) : "Arguments" === t || /^(?:Ui|I)nt(?:8|16|32)(?:Clamped)?Array$/.test(t) ? _arrayLikeToArray(r, a) : void 0; } }
 function _arrayLikeToArray(r, a) { (null == a || a > r.length) && (a = r.length); for (var e = 0, n = Array(a); e < a; e++) n[e] = r[e]; return n; }
 function _classCallCheck(a, n) { if (!(a instanceof n)) throw new TypeError("Cannot call a class as a function"); }
 function _defineProperties(e, r) { for (var t = 0; t < r.length; t++) { var o = r[t]; o.enumerable = o.enumerable || !1, o.configurable = !0, "value" in o && (o.writable = !0), Object.defineProperty(e, _toPropertyKey(o.key), o); } }
@@ -20,6 +27,7 @@ import { TargetUtil } from "./TargetUtil.js";
 import { TModelUtil } from "./TModelUtil.js";
 import { TUtil } from "./TUtil.js";
 import { getRunScheduler } from "./App.js";
+import { TargetParser } from "./TargetParser.js";
 
 /**
  * Executes lightweight GPU-child TargetJS runtime behavior.
@@ -34,77 +42,153 @@ var ParticleRuntime = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
     this.activeTargets = [];
     this.restoredMainIndexes = [];
     this.restoredActivationSequences = [];
+    this.restoredImperativeExecutions = [];
+    this.activeRenderExecutions = new Set();
+    this.animationFrameRequested = false;
+    this.startQueue = [];
+    this.startQueueIndex = 0;
+    this.disposed = false;
+    this.animationFrameId = undefined;
+    this.loopQueue = [];
+    this.queuedLoops = new WeakMap();
+    this.runningLoops = new WeakMap();
+    this.imperativeCompletionFrame = undefined;
+    this.visibilityPaused = false;
+    this.restorePending = false;
+    this.propertyOwners = new WeakMap();
+    this.imperativeSequenceCount = 0;
   }
   return _createClass(ParticleRuntime, [{
     key: "registerChild",
-    value: function registerChild(index, targetName, compiled) {
-      var _compiled$layoutFunct;
-      var tmodel = this.tmodel;
-      var controlledTargets = {};
-      var _iterator = _createForOfIteratorHelper(compiled.runtimeTargets),
-        _step;
-      try {
-        for (_iterator.s(); !(_step = _iterator.n()).done;) {
-          var runtimeTarget = _step.value;
-          if (runtimeTarget.kind === "render") {
-            controlledTargets[runtimeTarget.targetName] = true;
-          }
-        }
-      } catch (err) {
-        _iterator.e(err);
-      } finally {
-        _iterator.f();
-      }
-      var hasRuntime = compiled.runtimeTargets.length > 0;
-      var layoutFunctions = (_compiled$layoutFunct = compiled.layoutFunctions) !== null && _compiled$layoutFunct !== void 0 ? _compiled$layoutFunct : [];
-      tmodel.childRuntimePrograms[index] = compiled.runtimeTargets;
-      tmodel.childRuntimeStates[index] = {
-        controlledTargets: controlledTargets,
-        ownerTargetName: targetName,
-        programIndex: 0,
+    value: function registerChild(index, originalTargetName, compiled) {
+      var hasRuntime = compiled.runtimeTargets.some(function (target) {
+        return target.requiresRuntime !== false;
+      });
+      this.tmodel.childRuntimePrograms[index] = compiled.runtimeTargets;
+      this.tmodel.childRuntimeStates[index] = {
+        originalTargetName: originalTargetName,
+        nextTargetIndex: 0,
         activationCount: 0,
-        layoutFunctions: layoutFunctions,
-        layoutFunctionsResolved: layoutFunctions.length === 0,
         executions: {},
         startRequested: false,
+        startQueued: false,
         renderReady: false,
         started: false,
         done: !hasRuntime,
-        pendingCompletion: hasRuntime
+        targetCycles: {},
+        loopTargets: {},
+        mainFinished: false
       };
       if (hasRuntime) {
-        tmodel.pendingGpuChildRuntimeCounts[targetName] = (tmodel.pendingGpuChildRuntimeCounts[targetName] || 0) + 1;
+        this.tmodel.pendingGpuChildRuntimeCounts[originalTargetName] = (this.tmodel.pendingGpuChildRuntimeCounts[originalTargetName] || 0) + 1;
       }
       return hasRuntime;
     }
+  }, {
+    key: "removeChild",
+    value: function removeChild(index) {
+      var state = this.tmodel.childRuntimeStates[index];
+      if (state) {
+        state.cancelled = true;
+        state.loopTargets = {};
+        if (!state.done) {
+          this.complete(index);
+        }
+      }
+      for (var _i = 0, _arr = _toConsumableArray(this.activeRenderExecutions); _i < _arr.length; _i++) {
+        var execution = _arr[_i];
+        if (execution.index === index) {
+          this.activeRenderExecutions.delete(execution);
+          execution.cancelled = true;
+          var resolve = execution.resolve;
+          execution.resolve = undefined;
+          resolve === null || resolve === void 0 || resolve();
+          continue;
+        }
+        if (execution.index > index) {
+          execution.index--;
+        }
+      }
+      this.tmodel.childRuntimePrograms.splice(index, 1);
+      this.tmodel.childRuntimeStates.splice(index, 1);
+      this.activeTargets.splice(index, 1);
+      this.startQueue = this.startQueue.slice(this.startQueueIndex).filter(function (childIndex) {
+        return childIndex !== index;
+      }).map(function (childIndex) {
+        return childIndex > index ? childIndex - 1 : childIndex;
+      });
+      this.startQueueIndex = 0;
+      this.restoredMainIndexes = this.restoredMainIndexes.filter(function (childIndex) {
+        return childIndex !== index;
+      }).map(function (childIndex) {
+        return childIndex > index ? childIndex - 1 : childIndex;
+      });
+      this.restoredActivationSequences = this.restoredActivationSequences.filter(function (item) {
+        return item.index !== index;
+      }).map(function (item) {
+        return item.index > index ? _objectSpread(_objectSpread({}, item), {}, {
+          index: item.index - 1
+        }) : item;
+      });
+      this.restoredImperativeExecutions = this.restoredImperativeExecutions.filter(function (item) {
+        return item.index !== index;
+      }).map(function (item) {
+        return item.index > index ? _objectSpread(_objectSpread({}, item), {}, {
+          index: item.index - 1
+        }) : item;
+      });
+    }
   }, {
     key: "hasPending",
     value: function hasPending(key) {
-      var targetName = TargetUtil.getTargetName(key);
-      return (this.tmodel.pendingGpuChildRuntimeCounts[targetName] || 0) > 0;
+      var _this = this;
+      var completionScope = arguments.length > 1 && arguments[1] !== undefined ? arguments[1] : "all";
+      if (completionScope === "none") {
+        return false;
+      }
+      return this.tmodel.childRuntimeStates.some(function (state, index) {
+        if (!state || key !== undefined && state.originalTargetName !== key) {
+          return false;
+        }
+        if (completionScope === "visible" && TargetUtil.shouldIgnoreChildForCompletion(_this.tmodel.childHandles[index], "visible")) {
+          return false;
+        }
+        return !state.renderReady || !state.done || Object.keys(_this.activeTargets[index] || {}).length > 0;
+      });
+    }
+  }, {
+    key: "hasPendingAny",
+    value: function hasPendingAny() {
+      var completionScope = arguments.length > 0 && arguments[0] !== undefined ? arguments[0] : "all";
+      return this.hasPending(undefined, completionScope);
+    }
+  }, {
+    key: "isIntervalTarget",
+    value: function isIntervalTarget(runtimeTarget) {
+      return TargetParser.isIntervalTarget(runtimeTarget.target);
     }
   }, {
     key: "prepareRestore",
     value: function prepareRestore() {
+      this.restorePending = true;
       this.restoredMainIndexes = [];
       this.restoredActivationSequences = [];
+      this.restoredImperativeExecutions = [];
       for (var index = 0; index < this.tmodel.childRuntimeStates.length; index++) {
-        var _state$executions, _state$activationCoun;
+        var _state$executions, _state$activationCoun, _state$targetCycles, _state$loopTargets, _state$mainFinished;
         var state = this.tmodel.childRuntimeStates[index];
         if (!state) {
           continue;
         }
         (_state$executions = state.executions) !== null && _state$executions !== void 0 ? _state$executions : state.executions = {};
         (_state$activationCoun = state.activationCount) !== null && _state$activationCoun !== void 0 ? _state$activationCoun : state.activationCount = 0;
+        (_state$targetCycles = state.targetCycles) !== null && _state$targetCycles !== void 0 ? _state$targetCycles : state.targetCycles = {};
+        (_state$loopTargets = state.loopTargets) !== null && _state$loopTargets !== void 0 ? _state$loopTargets : state.loopTargets = {};
+        (_state$mainFinished = state.mainFinished) !== null && _state$mainFinished !== void 0 ? _state$mainFinished : state.mainFinished = false;
         var executions = Object.values(state.executions);
         var mainExecutions = executions.filter(function (execution) {
           return execution.sequenceId === "main";
         });
-
-        /*
-         * A main program may be between targets and therefore have no current
-         * execution record, so state.started still matters for the main sequence.
-         */
         if (!state.done && (state.started || mainExecutions.length)) {
           this.restoredMainIndexes.push(index);
         }
@@ -113,24 +197,35 @@ var ParticleRuntime = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
         }).filter(function (sequenceId) {
           return sequenceId === null || sequenceId === void 0 ? void 0 : sequenceId.startsWith("activation:");
         })));
-        var _iterator2 = _createForOfIteratorHelper(activationSequenceIds),
-          _step2;
+        var _iterator = _createForOfIteratorHelper(activationSequenceIds),
+          _step;
         try {
-          for (_iterator2.s(); !(_step2 = _iterator2.n()).done;) {
-            var sequenceId = _step2.value;
+          for (_iterator.s(); !(_step = _iterator.n()).done;) {
+            var sequenceId = _step.value;
             this.restoredActivationSequences.push({
               index: index,
               sequenceId: sequenceId
             });
           }
-
-          /*
-           * Promise/timer state belonged to the old ParticleRuntime.
-           */
         } catch (err) {
-          _iterator2.e(err);
+          _iterator.e(err);
         } finally {
-          _iterator2.f();
+          _iterator.f();
+        }
+        for (var _i2 = 0, _executions = executions; _i2 < _executions.length; _i2++) {
+          var _execution$sequenceId;
+          var execution = _executions[_i2];
+          if ((_execution$sequenceId = execution.sequenceId) !== null && _execution$sequenceId !== void 0 && _execution$sequenceId.startsWith("imperative:")) {
+            var lastPart = execution.sequenceId.split(":").pop();
+            var count = Number(lastPart);
+            if (Number.isFinite(count)) {
+              this.imperativeSequenceCount = Math.max(this.imperativeSequenceCount, count);
+            }
+            this.restoredImperativeExecutions.push({
+              index: index,
+              execution: execution
+            });
+          }
         }
         state.started = false;
         state.renderReady = false;
@@ -140,41 +235,86 @@ var ParticleRuntime = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
   }, {
     key: "resumeRestored",
     value: function resumeRestored() {
+      if (this.disposed || !this.restorePending || !this.tmodel.isVisible()) {
+        return false;
+      }
+      this.restorePending = false;
       var mainIndexes = this.restoredMainIndexes.splice(0);
       var activationSequences = this.restoredActivationSequences.splice(0);
-      var _iterator3 = _createForOfIteratorHelper(mainIndexes),
+      var imperativeExecutions = this.restoredImperativeExecutions.splice(0);
+      var _iterator2 = _createForOfIteratorHelper(mainIndexes),
+        _step2;
+      try {
+        for (_iterator2.s(); !(_step2 = _iterator2.n()).done;) {
+          var _index = _step2.value;
+          this.resumeMainProgram(_index);
+        }
+      } catch (err) {
+        _iterator2.e(err);
+      } finally {
+        _iterator2.f();
+      }
+      var _iterator3 = _createForOfIteratorHelper(activationSequences),
         _step3;
       try {
         for (_iterator3.s(); !(_step3 = _iterator3.n()).done;) {
-          var index = _step3.value;
-          this.resumeMainProgram(index);
+          var _step3$value = _step3.value,
+            _index2 = _step3$value.index,
+            _sequenceId = _step3$value.sequenceId;
+          this.resumeActivationSequence(_index2, _sequenceId);
         }
       } catch (err) {
         _iterator3.e(err);
       } finally {
         _iterator3.f();
       }
-      var _iterator4 = _createForOfIteratorHelper(activationSequences),
+      var _iterator4 = _createForOfIteratorHelper(imperativeExecutions),
         _step4;
       try {
         for (_iterator4.s(); !(_step4 = _iterator4.n()).done;) {
           var _step4$value = _step4.value,
-            _index = _step4$value.index,
-            sequenceId = _step4$value.sequenceId;
-          this.resumeActivationSequence(_index, sequenceId);
+            _index3 = _step4$value.index,
+            _execution = _step4$value.execution;
+          this.resumeImperativeExecution(_index3, _execution);
         }
       } catch (err) {
         _iterator4.e(err);
       } finally {
         _iterator4.f();
       }
+      for (var index = 0; index < this.tmodel.childRuntimeStates.length; index++) {
+        var state = this.tmodel.childRuntimeStates[index];
+        if (!state || state.done) {
+          continue;
+        }
+        for (var _i3 = 0, _Object$entries = Object.entries(state.loopTargets || {}); _i3 < _Object$entries.length; _i3++) {
+          var _state$executions2;
+          var _Object$entries$_i = _slicedToArray(_Object$entries[_i3], 2),
+            key = _Object$entries$_i[0],
+            active = _Object$entries$_i[1];
+          if (!active) {
+            continue;
+          }
+          var targetIndex = Number(key);
+          var sequenceId = "loop:".concat(targetIndex);
+          var execution = (_state$executions2 = state.executions) === null || _state$executions2 === void 0 ? void 0 : _state$executions2[this.getExecutionId(sequenceId, targetIndex)];
+          if (execution !== null && execution !== void 0 && execution.segmentReady && execution.interval > 0) {
+            execution.segmentStartTime = TUtil.now() - execution.step * execution.interval;
+            execution.pausedAt = undefined;
+          }
+          this.queueLoop(index, targetIndex);
+        }
+      }
+      if (this.tmodel.pendingImperativeCompletions.size) {
+        this.queueImperativeCompletion();
+      }
     }
   }, {
     key: "resumeActivationSequence",
     value: function resumeActivationSequence(index, sequenceId) {
       var _this$activeTargets,
         _this$activeTargets$i,
-        _this = this;
+        _this2 = this;
       var state = this.tmodel.childRuntimeStates[index];
       if (!state) {
         return false;
@@ -191,9 +331,11 @@ var ParticleRuntime = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
       var activationId = sequenceId.startsWith("activation:") ? sequenceId.slice("activation:".length) : sequenceId;
       var activeTargets = (_this$activeTargets$i = (_this$activeTargets = this.activeTargets)[index]) !== null && _this$activeTargets$i !== void 0 ? _this$activeTargets$i : _this$activeTargets[index] = {};
       var promise = Promise.all(executions.map(function (execution) {
-        return _this.resumeExecution(index, execution);
-      })).then(function () {
-        return _this.continueActivatedSequence(index, currentTargetIndex + 1, sequenceId);
+        return _this2.resumeExecution(index, execution);
+      })).then(function (results) {
+        if (results.every(Boolean)) {
+          return _this2.continueActivatedSequence(index, currentTargetIndex + 1, sequenceId);
+        }
       }).catch(function (error) {
         console.error(error);
       }).finally(function () {
@@ -202,39 +344,102 @@ var ParticleRuntime = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
       activeTargets[activationId] = promise;
       return true;
     }
+  }, {
+    key: "resumeImperativeExecution",
+    value: function resumeImperativeExecution(index, execution) {
+      var _runtimeTarget$target,
+        _this3 = this;
+      var child = this.tmodel.childHandles[index];
+      var state = this.tmodel.childRuntimeStates[index];
+      var runtimeTarget = execution === null || execution === void 0 ? void 0 : execution.imperativeTarget;
+      if (!child || !state || !runtimeTarget) {
+        return false;
+      }
+      if (execution.kind !== "render" && execution.kind !== "runtime") {
+        return false;
+      }
+      var imperativeKey = execution.imperativeKey || runtimeTarget.imperativeKey || "".concat(execution.targetName, "+");
+
+      // Resume from the saved animation step rather than from the old absolute clock time.
+      if (execution.segmentReady && execution.interval > 0) {
+        execution.segmentStartTime = TUtil.now() - execution.step * execution.interval;
+        execution.pausedAt = undefined;
+      }
+      var targetValue = {
+        isImperative: true,
+        originalTargetName: runtimeTarget.originalTargetName,
+        originalTModel: runtimeTarget.originalTargetIsParent ? this.tmodel : undefined,
+        status: "updating",
+        value: runtimeTarget.target.value,
+        steps: runtimeTarget.target.steps || 0,
+        interval: runtimeTarget.target.interval || 0,
+        easing: runtimeTarget.target.easing,
+        cycles: (_runtimeTarget$target = runtimeTarget.target.cycles) !== null && _runtimeTarget$target !== void 0 ? _runtimeTarget$target : 1
+      };
+      child.targetValues[imperativeKey] = targetValue;
+      child.addToUpdatingTargets(imperativeKey);
+      var promise = this.runTarget(index, runtimeTarget, execution.targetIndex, execution.sequenceId, targetValue);
+      Promise.resolve(promise).catch(function (error) {
+        console.error(error);
+        return false;
+      }).then(function (completed) {
+        if (_this3.disposed || child.targetValues[imperativeKey] !== targetValue) {
+          return;
+        }
+        targetValue.status = completed ? "done" : "cancelled";
+        child.removeFromUpdatingTargets(imperativeKey);
+        if (completed) {
+          _this3.queueImperativeCompletion(runtimeTarget.originalTargetIsParent ? _this3.tmodel : undefined, runtimeTarget.originalTargetName);
+        }
+      });
+      return true;
+    }
   }, {
     key: "continueActivatedSequence",
     value: function () {
-      var _continueActivatedSequence = _asyncToGenerator( /*#__PURE__*/_regeneratorRuntime().mark(function _callee(index, programIndex, sequenceId) {
-        var program, runtimeTarget;
+      var _continueActivatedSequence = _asyncToGenerator( /*#__PURE__*/_regeneratorRuntime().mark(function _callee(index, nextTargetIndex, sequenceId) {
+        var program, runtimeTarget, completed;
         return _regeneratorRuntime().wrap(function _callee$(_context) {
           while (1) switch (_context.prev = _context.next) {
             case 0:
+              if (!this.disposed) {
+                _context.next = 2;
+                break;
+              }
+              return _context.abrupt("return");
+            case 2:
               program = this.tmodel.childRuntimePrograms[index];
               if (program) {
-                _context.next = 3;
+                _context.next = 5;
                 break;
               }
               return _context.abrupt("return");
-            case 3:
-              if (!(programIndex < program.length)) {
-                _context.next = 12;
+            case 5:
+              if (!(!this.disposed && nextTargetIndex < program.length)) {
+                _context.next = 17;
                 break;
               }
-              runtimeTarget = program[programIndex];
+              runtimeTarget = program[nextTargetIndex];
               if (!(runtimeTarget.mode !== "deferred")) {
-                _context.next = 7;
+                _context.next = 9;
                 break;
               }
-              return _context.abrupt("break", 12);
-            case 7:
-              _context.next = 9;
-              return this.runTarget(index, runtimeTarget, programIndex, sequenceId);
+              return _context.abrupt("break", 17);
             case 9:
-              programIndex++;
-              _context.next = 3;
+              _context.next = 11;
+              return this.runTarget(index, runtimeTarget, nextTargetIndex, sequenceId);
+            case 11:
+              completed = _context.sent;
+              if (completed) {
+                _context.next = 14;
+                break;
+              }
+              return _context.abrupt("return");
+            case 14:
+              nextTargetIndex++;
+              _context.next = 5;
               break;
-            case 12:
+            case 17:
             case "end":
               return _context.stop();
           }
@@ -248,9 +453,9 @@ var ParticleRuntime = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
   }, {
     key: "resumeMainProgram",
     value: function resumeMainProgram(index) {
-      var _this2 = this;
+      var _this4 = this;
       var state = this.tmodel.childRuntimeStates[index];
-      if (!state || state.done || state.started) {
+      if (this.disposed || !state || state.done || state.started) {
         return;
       }
       state.started = true;
@@ -258,13 +463,13 @@ var ParticleRuntime = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
         return execution.sequenceId === "main";
       });
       Promise.all(runningExecutions.map(function (execution) {
-        return _this2.resumeExecution(index, execution);
+        return _this4.resumeExecution(index, execution);
       })).then(function () {
-        return _this2.runProgram(index);
+        return _this4.runProgram(index);
       }).catch(function (error) {
         console.error(error);
       }).finally(function () {
-        _this2.complete(index);
+        _this4.finishMainProgram(index, state);
       });
     }
   }, {
@@ -275,28 +480,14 @@ var ParticleRuntime = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
       if (!runtimeTarget) {
         return Promise.resolve();
       }
-      if (execution.kind === "interval") {
-        return this.runIntervalTarget(index, runtimeTarget, execution.targetIndex, execution.sequenceId);
-      }
-      if (execution.kind === "render") {
-        return this.runRenderTarget(index, runtimeTarget, execution.targetIndex, execution.sequenceId);
-      }
-      return Promise.resolve();
-    }
-  }, {
-    key: "isControlled",
-    value: function isControlled(index, key) {
-      var _state$controlledTarg;
-      var state = this.tmodel.childRuntimeStates[index];
-      if (!state) {
-        return false;
-      }
-      var targetName = ParticleUtil.getGpuRenderTargetName(key);
-      return ((_state$controlledTarg = state.controlledTargets) === null || _state$controlledTarg === void 0 ? void 0 : _state$controlledTarg[targetName]) === true;
+      return this.runTarget(index, runtimeTarget, execution.targetIndex, execution.sequenceId);
     }
   }, {
     key: "complete",
     value: function complete(index) {
+      if (this.disposed) {
+        return;
+      }
       var tmodel = this.tmodel;
       var state = tmodel.childRuntimeStates[index];
       if (!state || state.done) {
@@ -304,56 +495,27 @@ var ParticleRuntime = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
       }
       state.done = true;
       state.started = false;
-      if (!state.pendingCompletion) {
-        return;
-      }
-      state.pendingCompletion = false;
-      var targetName = state.ownerTargetName;
-      var count = Math.max(0, (tmodel.pendingGpuChildRuntimeCounts[targetName] || 0) - 1);
+      var originalTargetName = state.originalTargetName;
+      var count = Math.max(0, (tmodel.pendingGpuChildRuntimeCounts[originalTargetName] || 0) - 1);
       if (count > 0) {
-        tmodel.pendingGpuChildRuntimeCounts[targetName] = count;
-        return;
+        tmodel.pendingGpuChildRuntimeCounts[originalTargetName] = count;
+      } else {
+        delete tmodel.pendingGpuChildRuntimeCounts[originalTargetName];
+        getRunScheduler().schedule(1, "gpuChildRuntimeComplete-".concat(tmodel.oid));
       }
-      delete tmodel.pendingGpuChildRuntimeCounts[targetName];
-      getRunScheduler().schedule(1, "gpuChildRuntimeComplete-".concat(tmodel.oid));
+      TargetUtil.cleanupVisibleComplete(tmodel, originalTargetName);
+      this.completeOriginalTarget(originalTargetName);
     }
   }, {
-    key: "resolveLayoutFunctions",
-    value: function resolveLayoutFunctions() {
+    key: "completeOriginalTarget",
+    value: function completeOriginalTarget(originalTargetName) {
       var tmodel = this.tmodel;
-      var changed = false;
-      for (var index = 0; index < tmodel.childRuntimeStates.length; index++) {
-        var _state$layoutFunction;
-        var state = tmodel.childRuntimeStates[index];
-        if (!state || state.layoutFunctionsResolved || !((_state$layoutFunction = state.layoutFunctions) !== null && _state$layoutFunction !== void 0 && _state$layoutFunction.length)) {
-          continue;
-        }
-        var child = tmodel.childHandles[index];
-        var childChanged = false;
-        var _iterator5 = _createForOfIteratorHelper(state.layoutFunctions),
-          _step5;
-        try {
-          for (_iterator5.s(); !(_step5 = _iterator5.n()).done;) {
-            var entry = _step5.value;
-            var resolved = ParticleUtil.resolveGpuRenderValue(entry.value, child);
-            var value = ParticleUtil.getGpuInitialRenderValue(resolved);
-            if (tmodel.getChildValue(index, entry.targetName) === value) {
-              continue;
-            }
-            child.val(entry.targetName, value);
-            childChanged = true;
-            changed = true;
-          }
-        } catch (err) {
-          _iterator5.e(err);
-        } finally {
-          _iterator5.f();
-        }
-        if (!childChanged) {
-          state.layoutFunctionsResolved = true;
-        }
+      if (!tmodel.isTargetDone(originalTargetName) || !tmodel.isTargetTreeComplete(originalTargetName)) {
+        return false;
       }
-      return changed;
+      TargetUtil.cleanupTarget(tmodel, originalTargetName);
+      TargetUtil.shouldActivateNextTarget(tmodel, originalTargetName);
+      return true;
     }
   }, {
     key: "queueStart",
@@ -363,81 +525,125 @@ var ParticleRuntime = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
         return;
       }
       state.startRequested = true;
-      this.startReady();
     }
   }, {
     key: "markRenderReady",
     value: function markRenderReady(indexes) {
-      var _iterator6 = _createForOfIteratorHelper(indexes),
-        _step6;
+      var originalTargetNames = new Set();
+      var _iterator5 = _createForOfIteratorHelper(indexes),
+        _step5;
       try {
-        for (_iterator6.s(); !(_step6 = _iterator6.n()).done;) {
-          var index = _step6.value;
+        for (_iterator5.s(); !(_step5 = _iterator5.n()).done;) {
+          var index = _step5.value;
           var state = this.tmodel.childRuntimeStates[index];
-          if (state) {
-            state.renderReady = true;
+          if (!state) {
+            continue;
           }
+          state.renderReady = true;
+          originalTargetNames.add(state.originalTargetName);
+        }
+      } catch (err) {
+        _iterator5.e(err);
+      } finally {
+        _iterator5.f();
+      }
+      this.startReady();
+      var tmodel = this.tmodel;
+      var _iterator6 = _createForOfIteratorHelper(originalTargetNames),
+        _step6;
+      try {
+        for (_iterator6.s(); !(_step6 = _iterator6.n()).done;) {
+          var originalTargetName = _step6.value;
+          this.completeOriginalTarget(originalTargetName);
         }
       } catch (err) {
         _iterator6.e(err);
       } finally {
         _iterator6.f();
       }
-      this.startReady();
+      if (originalTargetNames.size > 0) {
+        getRunScheduler().schedule(1, "gpuChildrenRenderReady-".concat(tmodel.oid));
+      }
     }
   }, {
     key: "markPendingRenderReady",
     value: function markPendingRenderReady() {
-      var _iterator7 = _createForOfIteratorHelper(this.tmodel.childRuntimeStates),
-        _step7;
-      try {
-        for (_iterator7.s(); !(_step7 = _iterator7.n()).done;) {
-          var state = _step7.value;
-          if (state !== null && state !== void 0 && state.startRequested && !state.started && !state.done) {
-            state.renderReady = true;
-          }
+      var indexes = [];
+      for (var i = 0; i < this.tmodel.childRuntimeStates.length; i++) {
+        var state = this.tmodel.childRuntimeStates[i];
+        if (state && !state.renderReady) {
+          indexes.push(i);
         }
-      } catch (err) {
-        _iterator7.e(err);
-      } finally {
-        _iterator7.f();
       }
-      this.startReady();
+      this.markRenderReady(indexes);
     }
   }, {
     key: "startReady",
     value: function startReady() {
+      if (this.disposed) {
+        return;
+      }
       var tmodel = this.tmodel;
-      if (!tmodel.hasDom() || tmodel.completeLayoutEpoch !== tmodel.layoutEpoch) {
+      if (!tmodel.isVisible() || !tmodel.hasDom() || tmodel.completeLayoutEpoch !== tmodel.layoutEpoch) {
         return false;
       }
-      var started = false;
+      var queued = false;
       for (var index = 0; index < tmodel.childRuntimeStates.length; index++) {
         var state = tmodel.childRuntimeStates[index];
-        if (!state || !state.startRequested || !state.renderReady || state.started || state.done) {
+        if (!state || !state.startRequested || !state.renderReady || state.startQueued || state.started || state.done) {
+          continue;
+        }
+        state.startQueued = true;
+        this.startQueue.push(index);
+        queued = true;
+      }
+      if (queued) {
+        this.requestAnimationFrame();
+      }
+      return queued;
+    }
+  }, {
+    key: "startQueuedPrograms",
+    value: function startQueuedPrograms() {
+      var frameStart = TUtil.now();
+      var count = 0;
+      while (this.startQueueIndex < this.startQueue.length && count < 5000 && TUtil.now() - frameStart < 4) {
+        var index = this.startQueue[this.startQueueIndex++];
+        var state = this.tmodel.childRuntimeStates[index];
+        if (!state) {
+          continue;
+        }
+        state.startQueued = false;
+        if (!state.startRequested || !state.renderReady || state.started || state.done) {
           continue;
         }
         state.startRequested = false;
         this.start(index);
-        started = true;
+        count++;
+      }
+      if (this.startQueueIndex >= this.startQueue.length) {
+        this.startQueue.length = 0;
+        this.startQueueIndex = 0;
       }
-      return started;
     }
   }, {
     key: "start",
     value: function start(index) {
-      var _this3 = this;
+      var _this5 = this;
+      if (this.disposed) {
+        return;
+      }
       var state = this.tmodel.childRuntimeStates[index];
       var program = this.tmodel.childRuntimePrograms[index];
       if (!state || !(program !== null && program !== void 0 && program.length) || state.started || state.done) {
         return;
       }
       state.started = true;
-      state.programIndex = 0;
+      state.nextTargetIndex = 0;
       Promise.resolve(this.runProgram(index)).catch(function (error) {
         console.error(error);
       }).finally(function () {
-        _this3.complete(index);
+        _this5.finishMainProgram(index, state);
       });
     }
   }, {
@@ -448,37 +654,49 @@ var ParticleRuntime = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
         return _regeneratorRuntime().wrap(function _callee2$(_context2) {
           while (1) switch (_context2.prev = _context2.next) {
             case 0:
+              if (!this.disposed) {
+                _context2.next = 2;
+                break;
+              }
+              return _context2.abrupt("return");
+            case 2:
               state = this.tmodel.childRuntimeStates[index];
               program = this.tmodel.childRuntimePrograms[index];
               if (!(!state || !program)) {
-                _context2.next = 4;
+                _context2.next = 6;
                 break;
               }
               return _context2.abrupt("return");
-            case 4:
+            case 6:
               immediate = [];
-              while (state.programIndex < program.length && program[state.programIndex].mode === "immediate") {
-                targetIndex = state.programIndex++;
+              while (!state.cancelled && state.nextTargetIndex < program.length && program[state.nextTargetIndex].mode === "immediate") {
+                targetIndex = state.nextTargetIndex++;
                 immediate.push(this.runTarget(index, program[targetIndex], targetIndex, "main"));
               }
               if (!immediate.length) {
-                _context2.next = 9;
+                _context2.next = 11;
                 break;
               }
-              _context2.next = 9;
+              _context2.next = 11;
               return Promise.all(immediate);
-            case 9:
-              if (!(state.programIndex < program.length)) {
-                _context2.next = 15;
+            case 11:
+              if (!state.cancelled) {
+                _context2.next = 13;
                 break;
               }
-              _targetIndex = state.programIndex++;
-              _context2.next = 13;
-              return this.runTarget(index, program[_targetIndex], _targetIndex, "main");
+              return _context2.abrupt("return");
             case 13:
-              _context2.next = 9;
+              if (!(!state.cancelled && state.nextTargetIndex < program.length)) {
+                _context2.next = 19;
+                break;
+              }
+              _targetIndex = state.nextTargetIndex++;
+              _context2.next = 17;
+              return this.runTarget(index, program[_targetIndex], _targetIndex, "main");
+            case 17:
+              _context2.next = 13;
               break;
-            case 15:
+            case 19:
             case "end":
               return _context2.stop();
           }
@@ -493,57 +711,139 @@ var ParticleRuntime = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
     key: "runTarget",
     value: function () {
       var _runTarget = _asyncToGenerator( /*#__PURE__*/_regeneratorRuntime().mark(function _callee3(index, runtimeTarget, targetIndex) {
+        var _state$targetCycles2,
+          _this6 = this;
         var sequenceId,
+          owner,
+          state,
           child,
-          value,
-          result,
+          targetName,
+          automaticLoop,
+          owners,
+          ownership,
+          cycleKey,
+          isCancelled,
+          completedCycles,
+          cycles,
           _args3 = arguments;
         return _regeneratorRuntime().wrap(function _callee3$(_context3) {
           while (1) switch (_context3.prev = _context3.next) {
             case 0:
               sequenceId = _args3.length > 3 && _args3[3] !== undefined ? _args3[3] : "main";
-              child = this.tmodel.childHandles[index];
-              if (child) {
+              owner = _args3.length > 4 ? _args3[4] : undefined;
+              if (!(this.disposed || runtimeTarget.requiresRuntime === false)) {
                 _context3.next = 4;
                 break;
               }
-              return _context3.abrupt("return");
+              return _context3.abrupt("return", false);
             case 4:
-              if (!(runtimeTarget.kind === "interval")) {
+              state = this.tmodel.childRuntimeStates[index];
+              child = this.tmodel.childHandles[index];
+              if (!(!state || !child || state.cancelled)) {
                 _context3.next = 8;
                 break;
               }
-              _context3.next = 7;
-              return this.runIntervalTarget(index, runtimeTarget, targetIndex, sequenceId);
-            case 7:
-              return _context3.abrupt("return");
+              return _context3.abrupt("return", false);
             case 8:
-              if (!(runtimeTarget.kind === "render")) {
-                _context3.next = 12;
+              targetName = ParticleUtil.getTargetName(runtimeTarget.targetName);
+              automaticLoop = sequenceId.startsWith("loop:");
+              if (!(automaticLoop && this.isTargetUpdating(index, targetName, sequenceId, targetIndex))) {
+                _context3.next = 13;
                 break;
               }
-              _context3.next = 11;
-              return this.runRenderTarget(index, runtimeTarget, targetIndex, sequenceId);
-            case 11:
-              return _context3.abrupt("return");
-            case 12:
-              value = runtimeTarget.target.value;
-              if (!(typeof value === "function")) {
-                _context3.next = 18;
+              this.blockLoop(index, targetIndex);
+              return _context3.abrupt("return", false);
+            case 13:
+              // Any newly activated target replaces the previous property owner.
+              this.cancelPropertyExecutions(index, targetName, sequenceId, targetIndex);
+              owners = this.propertyOwners.get(state);
+              if (!owners) {
+                owners = new Map();
+                this.propertyOwners.set(state, owners);
+              }
+              ownership = {
+                sequenceId: sequenceId,
+                targetIndex: targetIndex
+              };
+              owners.set(targetName, ownership);
+              cycleKey = this.getExecutionId(sequenceId, targetIndex);
+              (_state$targetCycles2 = state.targetCycles) !== null && _state$targetCycles2 !== void 0 ? _state$targetCycles2 : state.targetCycles = {};
+              isCancelled = function isCancelled() {
+                return _this6.disposed || state.cancelled || _this6.tmodel.childHandles[index] !== child || owners.get(targetName) !== ownership || owner && child.targetValues[runtimeTarget.imperativeKey] !== owner;
+              };
+              _context3.prev = 21;
+            case 22:
+              if (isCancelled()) {
+                _context3.next = 44;
                 break;
               }
-              result = value.call(child);
-              if (!(result !== null && result !== void 0 && result.then)) {
-                _context3.next = 18;
+              if (!this.isIntervalTarget(runtimeTarget)) {
+                _context3.next = 28;
                 break;
               }
-              _context3.next = 18;
-              return result;
-            case 18:
+              _context3.next = 26;
+              return this.runIntervalTarget(index, runtimeTarget, targetIndex, sequenceId, isCancelled);
+            case 26:
+              _context3.next = 35;
+              break;
+            case 28:
+              if (!runtimeTarget.renderable) {
+                _context3.next = 33;
+                break;
+              }
+              _context3.next = 31;
+              return this.runRenderTarget(index, runtimeTarget, targetIndex, sequenceId, isCancelled);
+            case 31:
+              _context3.next = 35;
+              break;
+            case 33:
+              _context3.next = 35;
+              return this.runRuntimeTarget(index, runtimeTarget, targetIndex, sequenceId, isCancelled);
+            case 35:
+              if (!isCancelled()) {
+                _context3.next = 37;
+                break;
+              }
+              return _context3.abrupt("return", false);
+            case 37:
+              completedCycles = (state.targetCycles[cycleKey] || 0) + 1;
+              cycles = this.getTargetCycles(runtimeTarget, child, completedCycles - 1);
+              if (!(completedCycles >= cycles)) {
+                _context3.next = 41;
+                break;
+              }
+              return _context3.abrupt("break", 44);
+            case 41:
+              state.targetCycles[cycleKey] = completedCycles;
+              _context3.next = 22;
+              break;
+            case 44:
+              if (!isCancelled()) {
+                _context3.next = 46;
+                break;
+              }
+              return _context3.abrupt("return", false);
+            case 46:
+              if (!sequenceId.startsWith("imperative:") && this.isTargetInLoop(runtimeTarget, child)) {
+                this.queueLoop(index, targetIndex);
+              } else if (automaticLoop) {
+                delete state.loopTargets[targetIndex];
+                this.completeIfReady(index);
+              }
+              return _context3.abrupt("return", true);
+            case 48:
+              _context3.prev = 48;
+              if (owners.get(targetName) === ownership) {
+                owners.delete(targetName);
+                this.queueBlockedLoops(index, targetName);
+              }
+              delete state.targetCycles[cycleKey];
+              return _context3.finish(48);
+            case 52:
             case "end":
               return _context3.stop();
           }
-        }, _callee3, this);
+        }, _callee3, this, [[21,, 48, 52]]);
       }));
       function runTarget(_x5, _x6, _x7) {
         return _runTarget.apply(this, arguments);
@@ -551,80 +851,434 @@ var ParticleRuntime = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
       return runTarget;
     }()
   }, {
-    key: "getExecutionId",
-    value: function getExecutionId(sequenceId, targetIndex) {
-      return "".concat(sequenceId, ":").concat(targetIndex);
-    }
-  }, {
-    key: "getExecution",
-    value: function getExecution(index, sequenceId, targetIndex) {
-      var _state$executions2;
+    key: "isTargetUpdating",
+    value: function isTargetUpdating(index, key, sequenceId, targetIndex) {
+      var _this$propertyOwners$;
       var state = this.tmodel.childRuntimeStates[index];
-      return state === null || state === void 0 || (_state$executions2 = state.executions) === null || _state$executions2 === void 0 ? void 0 : _state$executions2[this.getExecutionId(sequenceId, targetIndex)];
+      var property = ParticleUtil.getTargetName(key);
+      var owner = (_this$propertyOwners$ = this.propertyOwners.get(state)) === null || _this$propertyOwners$ === void 0 ? void 0 : _this$propertyOwners$.get(property);
+      if (owner && !(owner.sequenceId === sequenceId && owner.targetIndex === targetIndex)) {
+        return true;
+      }
+      return Object.values((state === null || state === void 0 ? void 0 : state.executions) || {}).some(function (execution) {
+        return !execution.cancelled && execution.targetName === property && !(execution.sequenceId === sequenceId && execution.targetIndex === targetIndex);
+      });
     }
   }, {
-    key: "setExecution",
-    value: function setExecution(index, sequenceId, targetIndex, execution) {
-      var _state$executions3;
+    key: "blockLoop",
+    value: function blockLoop(index, targetIndex) {
+      var _state$blockedLoops;
       var state = this.tmodel.childRuntimeStates[index];
       if (!state) {
         return;
       }
-      (_state$executions3 = state.executions) !== null && _state$executions3 !== void 0 ? _state$executions3 : state.executions = {};
-      state.executions[this.getExecutionId(sequenceId, targetIndex)] = execution;
+      ((_state$blockedLoops = state.blockedLoops) !== null && _state$blockedLoops !== void 0 ? _state$blockedLoops : state.blockedLoops = {})[targetIndex] = true;
     }
   }, {
-    key: "clearExecution",
-    value: function clearExecution(index, sequenceId, targetIndex) {
+    key: "queueBlockedLoops",
+    value: function queueBlockedLoops(index, key) {
       var state = this.tmodel.childRuntimeStates[index];
-      if (!(state !== null && state !== void 0 && state.executions)) {
+      var program = this.tmodel.childRuntimePrograms[index];
+      if (!state || !program || state.cancelled || this.disposed || this.isTargetUpdating(index, key)) {
         return;
       }
-      delete state.executions[this.getExecutionId(sequenceId, targetIndex)];
+      var running = this.runningLoops.get(state);
+      for (var _i4 = 0, _Object$keys = Object.keys(state.blockedLoops || {}); _i4 < _Object$keys.length; _i4++) {
+        var _program$targetIndex, _state$loopTargets2;
+        var id = _Object$keys[_i4];
+        var targetIndex = Number(id);
+        if (((_program$targetIndex = program[targetIndex]) === null || _program$targetIndex === void 0 ? void 0 : _program$targetIndex.targetName) !== key || !((_state$loopTargets2 = state.loopTargets) !== null && _state$loopTargets2 !== void 0 && _state$loopTargets2[targetIndex]) || running !== null && running !== void 0 && running.has(targetIndex)) {
+          continue;
+        }
+        delete state.blockedLoops[id];
+        this.queueLoop(index, targetIndex);
+      }
     }
   }, {
-    key: "runIntervalTarget",
-    value: function () {
-      var _runIntervalTarget = _asyncToGenerator( /*#__PURE__*/_regeneratorRuntime().mark(function _callee4(index, runtimeTarget, targetIndex, sequenceId) {
-        var child, execution;
-        return _regeneratorRuntime().wrap(function _callee4$(_context4) {
-          while (1) switch (_context4.prev = _context4.next) {
-            case 0:
-              child = this.tmodel.childHandles[index];
-              execution = this.getExecution(index, sequenceId, targetIndex);
-              if (!execution) {
-                execution = {
-                  sequenceId: sequenceId,
-                  targetIndex: targetIndex,
-                  kind: "interval",
-                  interval: Math.max(0, Number(this.resolveOption(runtimeTarget.target.interval, child)) || 0),
-                  waiting: false,
-                  startTime: 0
-                };
-                this.setExecution(index, sequenceId, targetIndex, execution);
-              }
-              _context4.next = 5;
-              return this.waitForExecution(execution);
-            case 5:
-              this.clearExecution(index, sequenceId, targetIndex);
-            case 6:
-            case "end":
-              return _context4.stop();
-          }
-        }, _callee4, this);
-      }));
-      function runIntervalTarget(_x8, _x9, _x10, _x11) {
-        return _runIntervalTarget.apply(this, arguments);
+    key: "cancelPropertyExecutions",
+    value: function cancelPropertyExecutions(index, key, sequenceId, targetIndex) {
+      var _this7 = this;
+      var state = this.tmodel.childRuntimeStates[index];
+      var child = this.tmodel.childHandles[index];
+      var program = this.tmodel.childRuntimePrograms[index];
+      if (!state || !child) {
+        return;
       }
-      return runIntervalTarget;
-    }()
-  }, {
-    key: "waitForExecution",
-    value: function () {
-      var _waitForExecution = _asyncToGenerator( /*#__PURE__*/_regeneratorRuntime().mark(function _callee5(execution) {
-        var delay;
+      var property = ParticleUtil.getTargetName(key);
+      var owners = this.propertyOwners.get(state);
+      var previous = owners === null || owners === void 0 ? void 0 : owners.get(property);
+      var rememberLoop = function rememberLoop(previousSequence, previousIndex) {
+        if (previousSequence !== null && previousSequence !== void 0 && previousSequence.startsWith("imperative:")) {
+          return;
+        }
+        var target = program === null || program === void 0 ? void 0 : program[previousIndex];
+        if ((target === null || target === void 0 ? void 0 : target.targetName) === property && _this7.isTargetInLoop(target, child)) {
+          var _state$loopTargets3;
+          (_state$loopTargets3 = state.loopTargets) !== null && _state$loopTargets3 !== void 0 ? _state$loopTargets3 : state.loopTargets = {};
+          state.loopTargets[previousIndex] = true;
+          _this7.blockLoop(index, previousIndex);
+        }
+      };
+      if (previous && !(previous.sequenceId === sequenceId && previous.targetIndex === targetIndex)) {
+        rememberLoop(previous.sequenceId, previous.targetIndex);
+        owners.delete(property);
+      }
+
+      // Preserve previously queued loops.
+      for (var _i5 = 0, _Object$entries2 = Object.entries(state.loopTargets || {}); _i5 < _Object$entries2.length; _i5++) {
+        var _program$Number;
+        var _Object$entries2$_i = _slicedToArray(_Object$entries2[_i5], 2),
+          id = _Object$entries2$_i[0],
+          pending = _Object$entries2$_i[1];
+        if (pending && (program === null || program === void 0 || (_program$Number = program[Number(id)]) === null || _program$Number === void 0 ? void 0 : _program$Number.targetName) === property) {
+          this.blockLoop(index, Number(id));
+        }
+      }
+
+      // Cancel every previous execution of the same property.
+      for (var _i6 = 0, _Object$entries3 = Object.entries(state.executions || {}); _i6 < _Object$entries3.length; _i6++) {
+        var _execution$cancelWait;
+        var _Object$entries3$_i = _slicedToArray(_Object$entries3[_i6], 2),
+          _id = _Object$entries3$_i[0],
+          execution = _Object$entries3$_i[1];
+        if (execution.cancelled || execution.targetName !== property || execution.sequenceId === sequenceId && execution.targetIndex === targetIndex) {
+          continue;
+        }
+        rememberLoop(execution.sequenceId, execution.targetIndex);
+        execution.cancelled = true;
+        (_execution$cancelWait = execution.cancelWait) === null || _execution$cancelWait === void 0 || _execution$cancelWait.call(execution);
+        execution.cancelWait = undefined;
+        this.activeRenderExecutions.delete(execution);
+        delete state.executions[_id];
+        var resolve = execution.resolve;
+        execution.resolve = undefined;
+        resolve === null || resolve === void 0 || resolve();
+      }
+    }
+  }, {
+    key: "queueLoop",
+    value: function queueLoop(index, targetIndex) {
+      var _state$loopTargets4, _this$tmodel$childRun;
+      var state = this.tmodel.childRuntimeStates[index];
+      if (this.disposed || !state || state.cancelled) {
+        return;
+      }
+      (_state$loopTargets4 = state.loopTargets) !== null && _state$loopTargets4 !== void 0 ? _state$loopTargets4 : state.loopTargets = {};
+      state.loopTargets[targetIndex] = true;
+      var targetName = (_this$tmodel$childRun = this.tmodel.childRuntimePrograms[index]) === null || _this$tmodel$childRun === void 0 || (_this$tmodel$childRun = _this$tmodel$childRun[targetIndex]) === null || _this$tmodel$childRun === void 0 ? void 0 : _this$tmodel$childRun.targetName;
+      if (targetName && this.isTargetUpdating(index, targetName)) {
+        this.blockLoop(index, targetIndex);
+        return;
+      }
+      var queued = this.queuedLoops.get(state);
+      if (!queued) {
+        queued = new Set();
+        this.queuedLoops.set(state, queued);
+      }
+      if (queued.has(targetIndex)) {
+        return;
+      }
+      queued.add(targetIndex);
+      this.loopQueue.push({
+        state: state,
+        targetIndex: targetIndex
+      });
+      this.requestAnimationFrame();
+    }
+  }, {
+    key: "startQueuedLoops",
+    value: function startQueuedLoops() {
+      var _this8 = this;
+      var queue = this.loopQueue.splice(0);
+      var _iterator7 = _createForOfIteratorHelper(queue),
+        _step7;
+      try {
+        var _loop = function _loop() {
+            var _this8$queuedLoops$ge, _state$loopTargets5, _this8$tmodel$childRu;
+            var _step7$value = _step7.value,
+              state = _step7$value.state,
+              targetIndex = _step7$value.targetIndex;
+            (_this8$queuedLoops$ge = _this8.queuedLoops.get(state)) === null || _this8$queuedLoops$ge === void 0 || _this8$queuedLoops$ge.delete(targetIndex);
+            var index = _this8.tmodel.childRuntimeStates.indexOf(state);
+            if (_this8.disposed || index < 0 || state.cancelled || !((_state$loopTargets5 = state.loopTargets) !== null && _state$loopTargets5 !== void 0 && _state$loopTargets5[targetIndex])) {
+              return 0; // continue
+            }
+            var runtimeTarget = (_this8$tmodel$childRu = _this8.tmodel.childRuntimePrograms[index]) === null || _this8$tmodel$childRu === void 0 ? void 0 : _this8$tmodel$childRu[targetIndex];
+            if (!runtimeTarget) {
+              delete state.loopTargets[targetIndex];
+              _this8.completeIfReady(index);
+              return 0; // continue
+            }
+            var running = _this8.runningLoops.get(state);
+            if (!running) {
+              running = new Set();
+              _this8.runningLoops.set(state, running);
+            }
+            if (running.has(targetIndex) || _this8.isTargetUpdating(index, runtimeTarget.targetName)) {
+              _this8.blockLoop(index, targetIndex);
+              return 0; // continue
+            }
+            running.add(targetIndex);
+            _this8.runTarget(index, runtimeTarget, targetIndex, "loop:".concat(targetIndex)).catch(function (error) {
+              console.error(error);
+              delete state.loopTargets[targetIndex];
+              var currentIndex = _this8.tmodel.childRuntimeStates.indexOf(state);
+              if (currentIndex >= 0) {
+                _this8.completeIfReady(currentIndex);
+              }
+            }).finally(function () {
+              running.delete(targetIndex);
+              var currentIndex = _this8.tmodel.childRuntimeStates.indexOf(state);
+              if (currentIndex >= 0) {
+                _this8.queueBlockedLoops(currentIndex, runtimeTarget.targetName);
+              }
+            });
+          },
+          _ret;
+        for (_iterator7.s(); !(_step7 = _iterator7.n()).done;) {
+          _ret = _loop();
+          if (_ret === 0) continue;
+        }
+      } catch (err) {
+        _iterator7.e(err);
+      } finally {
+        _iterator7.f();
+      }
+    }
+  }, {
+    key: "runRuntimeTarget",
+    value: function () {
+      var _runRuntimeTarget = _asyncToGenerator( /*#__PURE__*/_regeneratorRuntime().mark(function _callee4(index, runtimeTarget, targetIndex) {
+        var sequenceId,
+          isCancelled,
+          child,
+          target,
+          targetName,
+          execution,
+          value,
+          _value,
+          isValueList,
+          currentValue,
+          values,
+          _args4 = arguments;
+        return _regeneratorRuntime().wrap(function _callee4$(_context4) {
+          while (1) switch (_context4.prev = _context4.next) {
+            case 0:
+              sequenceId = _args4.length > 3 && _args4[3] !== undefined ? _args4[3] : "main";
+              isCancelled = _args4.length > 4 ? _args4[4] : undefined;
+              if (!isCancelled()) {
+                _context4.next = 4;
+                break;
+              }
+              return _context4.abrupt("return");
+            case 4:
+              child = this.tmodel.childHandles[index];
+              target = runtimeTarget.target;
+              targetName = runtimeTarget.targetName;
+              execution = this.getExecution(index, sequenceId, targetIndex);
+              if (execution) {
+                _context4.next = 28;
+                break;
+              }
+              value = target.value;
+              if (!(typeof value === "function")) {
+                _context4.next = 18;
+                break;
+              }
+              value = value.call(child);
+              if (!((_value = value) !== null && _value !== void 0 && _value.then)) {
+                _context4.next = 16;
+                break;
+              }
+              _context4.next = 15;
+              return value;
+            case 15:
+              value = _context4.sent;
+            case 16:
+              if (!isCancelled()) {
+                _context4.next = 18;
+                break;
+              }
+              return _context4.abrupt("return");
+            case 18:
+              if (!(isCancelled() || !TUtil.isDefined(value))) {
+                _context4.next = 20;
+                break;
+              }
+              return _context4.abrupt("return");
+            case 20:
+              isValueList = Array.isArray(value);
+              currentValue = child.actualValues[targetName];
+              values = isValueList ? value : [TUtil.isDefined(currentValue) ? currentValue : value, value];
+              if (!(values.length < 2)) {
+                _context4.next = 26;
+                break;
+              }
+              if (values.length) {
+                child.actualValues[targetName] = values[0];
+              }
+              return _context4.abrupt("return");
+            case 26:
+              execution = {
+                sequenceId: sequenceId,
+                targetIndex: targetIndex,
+                kind: "runtime",
+                targetName: targetName,
+                imperativeKey: runtimeTarget.imperativeKey,
+                values: values,
+                isValueList: isValueList,
+                pauseOn: target.pauseOn,
+                segmentIndex: 0,
+                segmentReady: false,
+                step: 0,
+                segmentStartTime: 0,
+                waiting: false,
+                startTime: 0,
+                imperativeTarget: sequenceId.startsWith("imperative:") ? {
+                  targetName: runtimeTarget.targetName,
+                  imperativeKey: runtimeTarget.imperativeKey,
+                  renderable: runtimeTarget.renderable,
+                  originalTargetName: runtimeTarget.originalTargetName,
+                  originalTargetIsParent: runtimeTarget.originalTargetIsParent,
+                  target: _objectSpread({}, runtimeTarget.target)
+                } : undefined
+              };
+              this.setExecution(index, sequenceId, targetIndex, execution);
+            case 28:
+              if (!(execution.segmentIndex < execution.values.length - 1)) {
+                _context4.next = 46;
+                break;
+              }
+              if (!(execution.cancelled || isCancelled())) {
+                _context4.next = 31;
+                break;
+              }
+              return _context4.abrupt("return");
+            case 31:
+              if (!execution.segmentReady) {
+                this.prepareRenderSegment(execution, runtimeTarget, child);
+              }
+              if (!(execution.cancelled || isCancelled())) {
+                _context4.next = 34;
+                break;
+              }
+              return _context4.abrupt("return");
+            case 34:
+              _context4.next = 36;
+              return this.animateExecution(index, execution);
+            case 36:
+              if (!(execution.cancelled || isCancelled())) {
+                _context4.next = 38;
+                break;
+              }
+              return _context4.abrupt("return");
+            case 38:
+              execution.segmentIndex++;
+              execution.segmentReady = false;
+              execution.step = 0;
+              execution.segmentStartTime = 0;
+              execution.waiting = false;
+              execution.startTime = 0;
+              _context4.next = 28;
+              break;
+            case 46:
+              this.clearExecution(index, sequenceId, targetIndex);
+            case 47:
+            case "end":
+              return _context4.stop();
+          }
+        }, _callee4, this);
+      }));
+      function runRuntimeTarget(_x8, _x9, _x10) {
+        return _runRuntimeTarget.apply(this, arguments);
+      }
+      return runRuntimeTarget;
+    }()
+  }, {
+    key: "getExecutionId",
+    value: function getExecutionId(sequenceId, targetIndex) {
+      return "".concat(sequenceId, ":").concat(targetIndex);
+    }
+  }, {
+    key: "getExecution",
+    value: function getExecution(index, sequenceId, targetIndex) {
+      var _state$executions3;
+      var state = this.tmodel.childRuntimeStates[index];
+      return state === null || state === void 0 || (_state$executions3 = state.executions) === null || _state$executions3 === void 0 ? void 0 : _state$executions3[this.getExecutionId(sequenceId, targetIndex)];
+    }
+  }, {
+    key: "setExecution",
+    value: function setExecution(index, sequenceId, targetIndex, execution) {
+      var _state$executions4;
+      var state = this.tmodel.childRuntimeStates[index];
+      if (!state) {
+        return;
+      }
+      (_state$executions4 = state.executions) !== null && _state$executions4 !== void 0 ? _state$executions4 : state.executions = {};
+      state.executions[this.getExecutionId(sequenceId, targetIndex)] = execution;
+    }
+  }, {
+    key: "clearExecution",
+    value: function clearExecution(index, sequenceId, targetIndex) {
+      var state = this.tmodel.childRuntimeStates[index];
+      if (!(state !== null && state !== void 0 && state.executions)) {
+        return;
+      }
+      delete state.executions[this.getExecutionId(sequenceId, targetIndex)];
+    }
+  }, {
+    key: "runIntervalTarget",
+    value: function () {
+      var _runIntervalTarget = _asyncToGenerator( /*#__PURE__*/_regeneratorRuntime().mark(function _callee5(index, runtimeTarget, targetIndex, sequenceId, isCancelled) {
+        var child, execution;
         return _regeneratorRuntime().wrap(function _callee5$(_context5) {
           while (1) switch (_context5.prev = _context5.next) {
+            case 0:
+              child = this.tmodel.childHandles[index];
+              execution = this.getExecution(index, sequenceId, targetIndex);
+              if (!execution) {
+                execution = {
+                  sequenceId: sequenceId,
+                  targetIndex: targetIndex,
+                  kind: "interval",
+                  targetName: runtimeTarget.targetName,
+                  interval: Math.max(0, Number(this.resolveOption(runtimeTarget.target.interval, child)) || 0),
+                  waiting: false,
+                  startTime: 0
+                };
+                this.setExecution(index, sequenceId, targetIndex, execution);
+              }
+              _context5.next = 5;
+              return Promise.race([this.waitForExecution(execution), new Promise(function (resolve) {
+                execution.cancelWait = resolve;
+              })]);
+            case 5:
+              execution.cancelWait = undefined;
+              if (!(isCancelled() || execution.cancelled)) {
+                _context5.next = 8;
+                break;
+              }
+              return _context5.abrupt("return");
+            case 8:
+              this.clearExecution(index, sequenceId, targetIndex);
+            case 9:
+            case "end":
+              return _context5.stop();
+          }
+        }, _callee5, this);
+      }));
+      function runIntervalTarget(_x11, _x12, _x13, _x14, _x15) {
+        return _runIntervalTarget.apply(this, arguments);
+      }
+      return runIntervalTarget;
+    }()
+  }, {
+    key: "waitForExecution",
+    value: function () {
+      var _waitForExecution = _asyncToGenerator( /*#__PURE__*/_regeneratorRuntime().mark(function _callee6(execution) {
+        var delay;
+        return _regeneratorRuntime().wrap(function _callee6$(_context6) {
+          while (1) switch (_context6.prev = _context6.next) {
             case 0:
               delay = execution.interval;
               if (execution.waiting && execution.startTime > 0) {
@@ -634,97 +1288,186 @@ var ParticleRuntime = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
                 execution.startTime = TUtil.now();
               }
               if (!(delay > 0)) {
-                _context5.next = 5;
+                _context6.next = 5;
                 break;
               }
-              _context5.next = 5;
+              _context6.next = 5;
               return this.wait(delay);
             case 5:
               execution.waiting = false;
               execution.startTime = 0;
             case 7:
             case "end":
-              return _context5.stop();
+              return _context6.stop();
           }
-        }, _callee5, this);
+        }, _callee6, this);
       }));
-      function waitForExecution(_x12) {
+      function waitForExecution(_x16) {
         return _waitForExecution.apply(this, arguments);
       }
       return waitForExecution;
     }()
+  }, {
+    key: "resolveInitialTargets",
+    value: function resolveInitialTargets() {
+      var tmodel = this.tmodel;
+      var changed = false;
+      var flowLayoutChanged = false;
+      for (var index = 0; index < tmodel.childRuntimePrograms.length; index++) {
+        var program = tmodel.childRuntimePrograms[index];
+        var _child = tmodel.childHandles[index];
+        if (!program || !_child) {
+          continue;
+        }
+        var _iterator8 = _createForOfIteratorHelper(program),
+          _step8;
+        try {
+          for (_iterator8.s(); !(_step8 = _iterator8.n()).done;) {
+            var runtimeTarget = _step8.value;
+            var isLayoutTarget = runtimeTarget.requiresRuntime === false && ParticleUtil.affectsChildLayout(runtimeTarget.targetName);
+            if (!isLayoutTarget && !runtimeTarget.requiresInitialResolution) {
+              continue;
+            }
+            var resolved = ParticleUtil.resolveValue(runtimeTarget.target, _child);
+            var value = TargetParser.isTargetSpecObject(resolved) ? resolved.value : resolved;
+            var initialValue = Array.isArray(value) ? value[0] : value;
+            if (runtimeTarget.requiresInitialResolution) {
+              runtimeTarget.requiresInitialResolution = false;
+              runtimeTarget.initialResolvedValue = value;
+            }
+            if (tmodel.getChildValue(index, runtimeTarget.targetName) === initialValue) {
+              continue;
+            }
+            if (!tmodel.setChildValue(index, runtimeTarget.targetName, initialValue, false)) {
+              continue;
+            }
+            if (ParticleUtil.affectsChildFlowLayout(runtimeTarget.targetName)) {
+              flowLayoutChanged = true;
+            }
+            changed = true;
+          }
+        } catch (err) {
+          _iterator8.e(err);
+        } finally {
+          _iterator8.f();
+        }
+      }
+      if (flowLayoutChanged) {
+        tmodel.invalidateLayout();
+      }
+      return changed;
+    }
   }, {
     key: "runRenderTarget",
     value: function () {
-      var _runRenderTarget = _asyncToGenerator( /*#__PURE__*/_regeneratorRuntime().mark(function _callee6(index, runtimeTarget, targetIndex) {
-        var sequenceId,
-          tmodel,
-          child,
-          target,
-          targetName,
-          execution,
-          value,
-          isValueList,
-          values,
-          _args6 = arguments;
-        return _regeneratorRuntime().wrap(function _callee6$(_context6) {
-          while (1) switch (_context6.prev = _context6.next) {
+      var _runRenderTarget = _asyncToGenerator( /*#__PURE__*/_regeneratorRuntime().mark(function _callee7(index, runtimeTarget, targetIndex, sequenceId, isCancelled) {
+        var tmodel, child, target, targetName, execution, value, isValueList, values;
+        return _regeneratorRuntime().wrap(function _callee7$(_context7) {
+          while (1) switch (_context7.prev = _context7.next) {
             case 0:
-              sequenceId = _args6.length > 3 && _args6[3] !== undefined ? _args6[3] : "main";
+              if (!isCancelled()) {
+                _context7.next = 2;
+                break;
+              }
+              return _context7.abrupt("return");
+            case 2:
               tmodel = this.tmodel;
               child = tmodel.childHandles[index];
               target = runtimeTarget.target;
               targetName = runtimeTarget.targetName;
               execution = this.getExecution(index, sequenceId, targetIndex);
-              if (!execution) {
+              if (execution) {
+                _context7.next = 15;
+                break;
+              }
+              if (sequenceId === "main" && TUtil.hasProperty(runtimeTarget, "initialResolvedValue")) {
+                value = runtimeTarget.initialResolvedValue;
+                delete runtimeTarget.initialResolvedValue;
+              } else {
                 value = target.value;
                 if (typeof value === "function") {
                   value = value.call(child);
                 }
-                isValueList = Array.isArray(value);
-                values = isValueList ? value : [tmodel.getChildValue(index, targetName), value];
-                execution = {
-                  sequenceId: sequenceId,
-                  targetIndex: targetIndex,
-                  kind: "render",
-                  targetName: targetName,
-                  values: values,
-                  isValueList: isValueList,
-                  segmentIndex: 0,
-                  segmentReady: false,
-                  step: 0,
-                  waiting: false,
-                  startTime: 0
-                };
-                this.setExecution(index, sequenceId, targetIndex, execution);
               }
-            case 7:
+              isValueList = Array.isArray(value);
+              if (!isCancelled()) {
+                _context7.next = 12;
+                break;
+              }
+              return _context7.abrupt("return");
+            case 12:
+              values = isValueList ? value : [tmodel.getChildValue(index, targetName), value];
+              execution = {
+                sequenceId: sequenceId,
+                targetIndex: targetIndex,
+                kind: "render",
+                targetName: targetName,
+                imperativeKey: runtimeTarget.imperativeKey,
+                values: values,
+                isValueList: isValueList,
+                pauseOn: target.pauseOn,
+                segmentIndex: 0,
+                segmentReady: false,
+                step: 0,
+                segmentStartTime: 0,
+                waiting: false,
+                startTime: 0,
+                imperativeTarget: sequenceId.startsWith("imperative:") ? {
+                  targetName: runtimeTarget.targetName,
+                  imperativeKey: runtimeTarget.imperativeKey,
+                  renderable: runtimeTarget.renderable,
+                  originalTargetName: runtimeTarget.originalTargetName,
+                  originalTargetIsParent: runtimeTarget.originalTargetIsParent,
+                  target: _objectSpread({}, runtimeTarget.target)
+                } : undefined
+              };
+              this.setExecution(index, sequenceId, targetIndex, execution);
+            case 15:
               if (!(execution.segmentIndex < execution.values.length - 1)) {
-                _context6.next = 18;
+                _context7.next = 33;
                 break;
               }
+              if (!(isCancelled() || execution.cancelled)) {
+                _context7.next = 18;
+                break;
+              }
+              return _context7.abrupt("return");
+            case 18:
               if (!execution.segmentReady) {
                 this.prepareRenderSegment(execution, runtimeTarget, child);
               }
-              _context6.next = 11;
+              if (!(isCancelled() || execution.cancelled)) {
+                _context7.next = 21;
+                break;
+              }
+              return _context7.abrupt("return");
+            case 21:
+              _context7.next = 23;
               return this.animateExecution(index, execution);
-            case 11:
+            case 23:
+              if (!(isCancelled() || execution.cancelled)) {
+                _context7.next = 25;
+                break;
+              }
+              return _context7.abrupt("return");
+            case 25:
               execution.segmentIndex++;
               execution.segmentReady = false;
               execution.step = 0;
+              execution.segmentStartTime = 0;
               execution.waiting = false;
               execution.startTime = 0;
-              _context6.next = 7;
+              _context7.next = 15;
               break;
-            case 18:
+            case 33:
               this.clearExecution(index, sequenceId, targetIndex);
-            case 19:
+            case 34:
             case "end":
-              return _context6.stop();
+              return _context7.stop();
           }
-        }, _callee6, this);
+        }, _callee7, this);
       }));
-      function runRenderTarget(_x13, _x14, _x15) {
+      function runRenderTarget(_x17, _x18, _x19, _x20, _x21) {
         return _runRenderTarget.apply(this, arguments);
       }
       return runRenderTarget;
@@ -737,10 +1480,38 @@ var ParticleRuntime = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
       execution.from = execution.values[segmentIndex];
       execution.to = execution.values[segmentIndex + 1];
       execution.steps = Math.max(0, Number(this.resolveOption(target.steps, child, segmentIndex)) || 0);
-      execution.interval = TUtil.isDefined(target.interval) ? Math.max(0, Number(this.resolveOption(target.interval, child, segmentIndex)) || 0) : execution.isValueList && execution.steps > 0 ? 8 : 0;
+      execution.interval = Math.max(0, Number(this.resolveOption(target.interval, child, segmentIndex)) || 0);
+      if (execution.steps > 0 && !execution.interval) {
+        execution.interval = 8;
+      }
       execution.easingName = this.resolveOption(target.easing, child, segmentIndex);
       execution.segmentReady = true;
     }
+  }, {
+    key: "isTargetInLoop",
+    value: function isTargetInLoop(runtimeTarget, child) {
+      var loop = runtimeTarget.target.loop;
+      return (typeof loop === "function" ? loop.call(child, runtimeTarget.key) : loop) === true;
+    }
+  }, {
+    key: "getTargetCycles",
+    value: function getTargetCycles(runtimeTarget, child, cycle) {
+      var option = runtimeTarget.target.cycles;
+      var cycles = typeof option === "function" ? option.call(child, cycle) : option;
+      return Math.max(1, Math.floor(Number(cycles) || 1));
+    }
+  }, {
+    key: "completeIfReady",
+    value: function completeIfReady(index) {
+      var state = this.tmodel.childRuntimeStates[index];
+      if (!state || state.done || !state.mainFinished) {
+        return;
+      }
+      if (Object.values(state.loopTargets || {}).some(Boolean) || Object.keys(this.activeTargets[index] || {}).length > 0) {
+        return;
+      }
+      this.complete(index);
+    }
   }, {
     key: "resolveOption",
     value: function resolveOption(value, child) {
@@ -755,62 +1526,171 @@ var ParticleRuntime = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
     }
   }, {
     key: "animateExecution",
-    value: function () {
-      var _animateExecution = _asyncToGenerator( /*#__PURE__*/_regeneratorRuntime().mark(function _callee7(index, execution) {
-        var tmodel, easing, step, progress, easedProgress, value;
-        return _regeneratorRuntime().wrap(function _callee7$(_context7) {
-          while (1) switch (_context7.prev = _context7.next) {
-            case 0:
-              tmodel = this.tmodel;
-              if (!(execution.steps <= 0)) {
-                _context7.next = 5;
-                break;
-              }
-              tmodel.setChildValue(index, execution.targetName, execution.to);
-              tmodel.requestParticleRender();
-              return _context7.abrupt("return");
-            case 5:
-              easing = execution.easingName ? Easing.easingFunction(execution.easingName) : undefined;
-              step = execution.step + 1;
-            case 7:
-              if (!(step <= execution.steps)) {
-                _context7.next = 20;
-                break;
-              }
-              if (!(execution.interval > 0)) {
-                _context7.next = 11;
-                break;
-              }
-              _context7.next = 11;
-              return this.waitForExecution(execution);
-            case 11:
-              progress = step / execution.steps;
-              easedProgress = easing ? easing(progress) : progress;
-              value = TModelUtil.morph(execution.targetName, execution.from, execution.to, easedProgress);
-              tmodel.setChildValue(index, execution.targetName, value);
-              execution.step = step;
-              tmodel.requestParticleRender();
-            case 17:
-              step++;
-              _context7.next = 7;
-              break;
-            case 20:
-            case "end":
-              return _context7.stop();
+    value: function animateExecution(index, execution) {
+      var _this9 = this;
+      if (execution.steps <= 0) {
+        var changed = this.setExecutionValue(index, execution, execution.to);
+        if (changed && execution.kind === "render") {
+          this.tmodel.requestParticleRender();
+        }
+        return Promise.resolve();
+      }
+      return new Promise(function (resolve) {
+        execution.index = index;
+        execution.resolve = resolve;
+        _this9.activeRenderExecutions.add(execution);
+        _this9.requestAnimationFrame();
+      });
+    }
+  }, {
+    key: "setExecutionValue",
+    value: function setExecutionValue(index, execution, value) {
+      if (execution.kind === "render") {
+        return this.tmodel.setChildValue(index, execution.targetName, value, false);
+      }
+      var child = this.tmodel.childHandles[index];
+      if (!child || child.actualValues[execution.targetName] === value) {
+        return false;
+      }
+      child.actualValues[execution.targetName] = value;
+      return true;
+    }
+  }, {
+    key: "requestAnimationFrame",
+    value: function (_requestAnimationFrame) {
+      function requestAnimationFrame() {
+        return _requestAnimationFrame.apply(this, arguments);
+      }
+      requestAnimationFrame.toString = function () {
+        return _requestAnimationFrame.toString();
+      };
+      return requestAnimationFrame;
+    }(function () {
+      var _this10 = this;
+      if (this.disposed || this.visibilityPaused || !this.tmodel.isVisible() || this.animationFrameRequested) {
+        return;
+      }
+      this.animationFrameRequested = true;
+      this.animationFrameId = requestAnimationFrame(function () {
+        _this10.animationFrameId = undefined;
+        _this10.animationFrameRequested = false;
+        if (!_this10.disposed) {
+          _this10.updateRenderExecutions();
+        }
+      });
+    })
+  }, {
+    key: "finishMainProgram",
+    value: function finishMainProgram(index, state) {
+      if (this.disposed || this.tmodel.childRuntimeStates[index] !== state || state.cancelled) {
+        return;
+      }
+      state.started = false;
+      state.mainFinished = true;
+      this.completeIfReady(index);
+    }
+  }, {
+    key: "updateRenderExecutions",
+    value: function updateRenderExecutions() {
+      if (this.disposed) {
+        return;
+      }
+      if (!this.tmodel.isVisible()) {
+        this.pauseForVisibility();
+        return;
+      }
+      this.startQueuedPrograms();
+      this.startQueuedLoops();
+      var now = TUtil.now();
+      var renderChanged = false;
+      var layoutChanged = false;
+      var _iterator9 = _createForOfIteratorHelper(this.activeRenderExecutions),
+        _step9;
+      try {
+        for (_iterator9.s(); !(_step9 = _iterator9.n()).done;) {
+          var execution = _step9.value;
+          var _child2 = this.tmodel.childHandles[execution.index];
+          var paused = typeof execution.pauseOn === "function" ? execution.pauseOn.call(_child2) : execution.pauseOn === true;
+          if (paused) {
+            if (execution.segmentStartTime) {
+              var _execution$pausedAt;
+              (_execution$pausedAt = execution.pausedAt) !== null && _execution$pausedAt !== void 0 ? _execution$pausedAt : execution.pausedAt = now;
+            }
+            continue;
           }
-        }, _callee7, this);
-      }));
-      function animateExecution(_x16, _x17) {
-        return _animateExecution.apply(this, arguments);
+          if (!execution.segmentStartTime) {
+            execution.segmentStartTime = now - execution.step * execution.interval;
+            execution.pausedAt = undefined;
+          } else if (execution.pausedAt !== undefined) {
+            execution.segmentStartTime += now - execution.pausedAt;
+            execution.pausedAt = undefined;
+          }
+          var elapsed = now - execution.segmentStartTime;
+          var step = execution.interval > 0 ? Math.min(Math.floor(elapsed / execution.interval), execution.steps) : execution.steps;
+          if (step <= execution.step) {
+            continue;
+          }
+          var easing = execution.easingName ? Easing.easingFunction(execution.easingName) : undefined;
+          var progress = step / execution.steps;
+          var easedProgress = easing ? easing(progress) : progress;
+          var value = TModelUtil.morph(execution.targetName, execution.from, execution.to, easedProgress);
+          var valueChanged = this.setExecutionValue(execution.index, execution, value);
+          if (execution.kind === "render" && valueChanged && ParticleUtil.affectsChildFlowLayout(execution.targetName)) {
+            layoutChanged = true;
+          }
+          if (execution.kind === "render") {
+            renderChanged || (renderChanged = valueChanged);
+          }
+          execution.step = step;
+          if (step >= execution.steps) {
+            this.activeRenderExecutions.delete(execution);
+            var resolve = execution.resolve;
+            execution.resolve = undefined;
+            resolve();
+          }
+        }
+      } catch (err) {
+        _iterator9.e(err);
+      } finally {
+        _iterator9.f();
       }
-      return animateExecution;
-    }()
+      if (layoutChanged) {
+        this.tmodel.invalidateLayout();
+      }
+      if (renderChanged) {
+        this.tmodel.requestParticleRender();
+      }
+      if (this.startQueueIndex < this.startQueue.length || this.loopQueue.length || this.activeRenderExecutions.size) {
+        this.requestAnimationFrame();
+      }
+    }
   }, {
     key: "wait",
     value: function wait(interval) {
-      return new Promise(function (resolve) {
-        return setTimeout(resolve, Math.max(0, Number(interval) || 0));
-      });
+      var _this$waitBuckets,
+        _this11 = this;
+      if (this.disposed) {
+        return Promise.resolve();
+      }
+      var delay = Math.max(0, Number(interval) || 0);
+      if (delay === 0) {
+        return Promise.resolve();
+      }
+      var deadline = Math.ceil((TUtil.now() + delay) / 4) * 4;
+      (_this$waitBuckets = this.waitBuckets) !== null && _this$waitBuckets !== void 0 ? _this$waitBuckets : this.waitBuckets = new Map();
+      var bucket = this.waitBuckets.get(deadline);
+      if (!bucket) {
+        bucket = {};
+        bucket.promise = new Promise(function (resolve) {
+          bucket.resolve = resolve;
+          bucket.timeoutId = setTimeout(function () {
+            _this11.waitBuckets.delete(deadline);
+            resolve();
+          }, Math.max(0, deadline - TUtil.now()));
+        });
+        this.waitBuckets.set(deadline, bucket);
+      }
+      return bucket.promise;
     }
   }, {
     key: "findTargetIndex",
@@ -819,54 +1699,198 @@ var ParticleRuntime = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
       if (!program) {
         return -1;
       }
-      var cleanKey = TargetUtil.getTargetName(key);
+      var cleanKey = ParticleUtil.getTargetName(key);
       var exactIndex = program.findIndex(function (target) {
-        return target.key === key;
+        return target.requiresRuntime !== false && target.key === key;
       });
       if (exactIndex >= 0) {
         return exactIndex;
       }
       return program.findIndex(function (target) {
-        return target.targetName === cleanKey && target.mode === "immediate";
+        return target.requiresRuntime !== false && target.targetName === cleanKey && target.mode === "immediate";
       });
     }
   }, {
     key: "runActivatedSequence",
     value: function () {
       var _runActivatedSequence = _asyncToGenerator( /*#__PURE__*/_regeneratorRuntime().mark(function _callee8(index, startIndex, sequenceId) {
-        var program;
+        var program, completed;
         return _regeneratorRuntime().wrap(function _callee8$(_context8) {
           while (1) switch (_context8.prev = _context8.next) {
             case 0:
+              if (!this.disposed) {
+                _context8.next = 2;
+                break;
+              }
+              return _context8.abrupt("return");
+            case 2:
               program = this.tmodel.childRuntimePrograms[index];
-              if (!(!program || startIndex < 0 || startIndex >= program.length)) {
-                _context8.next = 3;
+              if (!(this.disposed || !program || startIndex < 0 || startIndex >= program.length)) {
+                _context8.next = 5;
                 break;
               }
               return _context8.abrupt("return");
-            case 3:
-              _context8.next = 5;
-              return this.runTarget(index, program[startIndex], startIndex, sequenceId);
             case 5:
               _context8.next = 7;
-              return this.continueActivatedSequence(index, startIndex + 1, sequenceId);
+              return this.runTarget(index, program[startIndex], startIndex, sequenceId);
             case 7:
+              completed = _context8.sent;
+              if (!(completed && !this.disposed)) {
+                _context8.next = 11;
+                break;
+              }
+              _context8.next = 11;
+              return this.continueActivatedSequence(index, startIndex + 1, sequenceId);
+            case 11:
             case "end":
               return _context8.stop();
           }
         }, _callee8, this);
       }));
-      function runActivatedSequence(_x18, _x19, _x20) {
+      function runActivatedSequence(_x22, _x23, _x24) {
         return _runActivatedSequence.apply(this, arguments);
       }
       return runActivatedSequence;
     }()
+  }, {
+    key: "setImperativeTarget",
+    value: function setImperativeTarget(index, key, rawTarget, steps, interval, easing, originalTargetName, originalTModel) {
+      var _ref,
+        _ref2,
+        _target$steps,
+        _ref3,
+        _ref4,
+        _target$interval,
+        _ref5,
+        _target$easing,
+        _ref6,
+        _target$cycles,
+        _target$pauseOn,
+        _this12 = this;
+      if (this.disposed) {
+        return;
+      }
+      var child = this.tmodel.childHandles[index];
+      if (!child) {
+        return;
+      }
+      var imperativeKey = key.endsWith("+") ? key : "".concat(key, "+");
+
+      // List targets carry their animation options beside the list, not beside a `value` property.
+      // Unwrap them without calling TargetParser.getValueStepsCycles(), which requires a full TModel.
+      var outerList = TargetParser.isListTarget(rawTarget) ? rawTarget : undefined;
+      var target = outerList ? {
+        value: outerList.list
+      } : TargetParser.isTargetSpecObject(rawTarget) ? _objectSpread({}, rawTarget) : {
+        value: rawTarget
+      };
+      var innerList = TargetParser.isListTarget(target.value) ? target.value : undefined;
+      var listOptions = outerList !== null && outerList !== void 0 ? outerList : innerList;
+      var value = listOptions ? listOptions.list : target.value;
+      var parsedSteps = (_ref = (_ref2 = (_target$steps = target.steps) !== null && _target$steps !== void 0 ? _target$steps : listOptions === null || listOptions === void 0 ? void 0 : listOptions.steps) !== null && _ref2 !== void 0 ? _ref2 : steps) !== null && _ref !== void 0 ? _ref : 0;
+      var parsedInterval = (_ref3 = (_ref4 = (_target$interval = target.interval) !== null && _target$interval !== void 0 ? _target$interval : listOptions === null || listOptions === void 0 ? void 0 : listOptions.interval) !== null && _ref4 !== void 0 ? _ref4 : interval) !== null && _ref3 !== void 0 ? _ref3 : 0;
+      var parsedEasing = (_ref5 = (_target$easing = target.easing) !== null && _target$easing !== void 0 ? _target$easing : listOptions === null || listOptions === void 0 ? void 0 : listOptions.easing) !== null && _ref5 !== void 0 ? _ref5 : easing;
+      var cycles = (_ref6 = (_target$cycles = target.cycles) !== null && _target$cycles !== void 0 ? _target$cycles : listOptions === null || listOptions === void 0 ? void 0 : listOptions.cycles) !== null && _ref6 !== void 0 ? _ref6 : 1;
+      var pauseOn = (_target$pauseOn = target.pauseOn) !== null && _target$pauseOn !== void 0 ? _target$pauseOn : listOptions === null || listOptions === void 0 ? void 0 : listOptions.pauseOn;
+      var targetValue = {
+        isImperative: true,
+        originalTargetName: originalTargetName,
+        originalTModel: originalTModel,
+        status: "updating",
+        value: value,
+        steps: parsedSteps || 0,
+        interval: parsedInterval || 0,
+        easing: parsedEasing,
+        cycles: cycles
+      };
+      child.targetValues[imperativeKey] = targetValue;
+      child.addToUpdatingTargets(imperativeKey);
+      var runtimeTarget = {
+        targetName: ParticleUtil.getTargetName(key),
+        imperativeKey: imperativeKey,
+        renderable: ParticleUtil.isGpuTarget(key),
+        originalTargetName: originalTargetName,
+        originalTargetIsParent: originalTModel === this.tmodel,
+        target: {
+          value: value,
+          steps: parsedSteps,
+          interval: parsedInterval,
+          easing: parsedEasing,
+          cycles: cycles,
+          pauseOn: pauseOn
+        }
+      };
+      var sequenceId = "imperative:".concat(index, ":").concat(imperativeKey, ":").concat(++this.imperativeSequenceCount);
+      var promise = this.runTarget(index, runtimeTarget, 0, sequenceId, targetValue);
+      promise.then(function (completed) {
+        if (_this12.disposed || child.targetValues[imperativeKey] !== targetValue) {
+          return;
+        }
+        targetValue.status = completed ? "done" : "cancelled";
+        child.removeFromUpdatingTargets(imperativeKey);
+        if (completed) {
+          _this12.queueImperativeCompletion(originalTModel, originalTargetName);
+        }
+      });
+      return promise;
+    }
+  }, {
+    key: "queueImperativeCompletion",
+    value: function queueImperativeCompletion(originalTModel, originalTargetName) {
+      var _this13 = this;
+      var pending = this.tmodel.pendingImperativeCompletions;
+      if (originalTModel && originalTargetName) {
+        var targets = pending.get(originalTModel);
+        if (!targets) {
+          targets = new Set();
+          pending.set(originalTModel, targets);
+        }
+        targets.add(originalTargetName);
+      }
+      if (this.imperativeCompletionFrame !== undefined) {
+        return;
+      }
+      this.imperativeCompletionFrame = requestAnimationFrame(function () {
+        _this13.imperativeCompletionFrame = undefined;
+        if (_this13.disposed) {
+          return;
+        }
+        var completions = _this13.tmodel.pendingImperativeCompletions;
+        _this13.tmodel.pendingImperativeCompletions = new Map();
+        var _iterator10 = _createForOfIteratorHelper(completions),
+          _step10;
+        try {
+          for (_iterator10.s(); !(_step10 = _iterator10.n()).done;) {
+            var _step10$value = _slicedToArray(_step10.value, 2),
+              tmodel = _step10$value[0],
+              _targets = _step10$value[1];
+            var _iterator11 = _createForOfIteratorHelper(_targets),
+              _step11;
+            try {
+              for (_iterator11.s(); !(_step11 = _iterator11.n()).done;) {
+                var key = _step11.value;
+                TargetUtil.shouldActivateNextTarget(tmodel, key, 1, 0, true, "complete");
+              }
+            } catch (err) {
+              _iterator11.e(err);
+            } finally {
+              _iterator11.f();
+            }
+          }
+        } catch (err) {
+          _iterator10.e(err);
+        } finally {
+          _iterator10.f();
+        }
+        getRunScheduler().schedule(1, "gpuImperativeComplete-".concat(_this13.tmodel.oid));
+      });
+    }
   }, {
     key: "activateTarget",
     value: function activateTarget(index, key) {
       var _this$activeTargets2,
         _this$activeTargets2$,
-        _this4 = this;
+        _this14 = this;
       var state = this.tmodel.childRuntimeStates[index];
       var program = this.tmodel.childRuntimePrograms[index];
       if (!state || !program) {
@@ -877,22 +1901,146 @@ var ParticleRuntime = /*#__PURE__*/function () {
         throw new Error("GPU child target \"".concat(key, "\" cannot be activated because it is not in the child runtime program."));
       }
       var runtimeTarget = program[startIndex];
-      if (runtimeTarget.kind !== "render" && runtimeTarget.kind !== "runtime") {
+      if (this.isIntervalTarget(runtimeTarget)) {
         throw new Error("GPU child target \"".concat(key, "\" cannot be activated."));
       }
       var activationId = "".concat(runtimeTarget.key, "-").concat(++state.activationCount);
       var sequenceId = "activation:".concat(activationId);
       var activeTargets = (_this$activeTargets2$ = (_this$activeTargets2 = this.activeTargets)[index]) !== null && _this$activeTargets2$ !== void 0 ? _this$activeTargets2$ : _this$activeTargets2[index] = {};
+      if (state.done) {
+        state.done = false;
+        this.tmodel.pendingGpuChildRuntimeCounts[state.originalTargetName] = (this.tmodel.pendingGpuChildRuntimeCounts[state.originalTargetName] || 0) + 1;
+      }
+      ;
       var promise = Promise.resolve().then(function () {
-        return _this4.runActivatedSequence(index, startIndex, sequenceId);
+        return _this14.runActivatedSequence(index, startIndex, sequenceId);
       }).catch(function (error) {
         console.error(error);
       }).finally(function () {
         delete activeTargets[activationId];
+        if (!_this14.disposed) {
+          _this14.completeIfReady(index);
+          TargetUtil.cleanupVisibleComplete(_this14.tmodel, state.originalTargetName);
+        }
       });
       activeTargets[activationId] = promise;
       return true;
     }
+  }, {
+    key: "pauseForVisibility",
+    value: function pauseForVisibility() {
+      if (this.disposed || this.visibilityPaused) {
+        return;
+      }
+      this.visibilityPaused = true;
+      var now = TUtil.now();
+      var _iterator12 = _createForOfIteratorHelper(this.activeRenderExecutions),
+        _step12;
+      try {
+        for (_iterator12.s(); !(_step12 = _iterator12.n()).done;) {
+          var execution = _step12.value;
+          if (execution.segmentStartTime) {
+            var _execution$pausedAt2;
+            (_execution$pausedAt2 = execution.pausedAt) !== null && _execution$pausedAt2 !== void 0 ? _execution$pausedAt2 : execution.pausedAt = now;
+          }
+        }
+      } catch (err) {
+        _iterator12.e(err);
+      } finally {
+        _iterator12.f();
+      }
+      if (this.animationFrameId !== undefined) {
+        cancelAnimationFrame(this.animationFrameId);
+        this.animationFrameId = undefined;
+      }
+      this.animationFrameRequested = false;
+    }
+  }, {
+    key: "resumeForVisibility",
+    value: function resumeForVisibility() {
+      if (this.disposed || !this.tmodel.isVisible()) {
+        return;
+      }
+      this.visibilityPaused = false;
+      this.resumeRestored();
+      this.startReady();
+      if (this.startQueueIndex < this.startQueue.length || this.loopQueue.length || this.activeRenderExecutions.size) {
+        this.requestAnimationFrame();
+      }
+      if (this.tmodel.particleValuesDirty || this.tmodel.activeChildTransitionKey) {
+        this.tmodel.requestParticleRender();
+      }
+    }
+  }, {
+    key: "dispose",
+    value: function dispose() {
+      var _this$waitBuckets2, _this$waitBuckets$val, _this$waitBuckets3;
+      if (this.disposed) {
+        return;
+      }
+      this.disposed = true;
+      if (this.animationFrameId !== undefined) {
+        cancelAnimationFrame(this.animationFrameId);
+        this.animationFrameId = undefined;
+      }
+      this.animationFrameRequested = false;
+      this.startQueue.length = 0;
+      this.startQueueIndex = 0;
+      this.loopQueue.length = 0;
+      if (this.imperativeCompletionFrame !== undefined) {
+        cancelAnimationFrame(this.imperativeCompletionFrame);
+        this.imperativeCompletionFrame = undefined;
+      }
+      var _iterator13 = _createForOfIteratorHelper(this.tmodel.childRuntimeStates),
+        _step13;
+      try {
+        for (_iterator13.s(); !(_step13 = _iterator13.n()).done;) {
+          var _state = _step13.value;
+          if (!_state) {
+            continue;
+          }
+          _state.cancelled = true;
+          for (var _i7 = 0, _Object$values = Object.values(_state.executions || {}); _i7 < _Object$values.length; _i7++) {
+            var execution = _Object$values[_i7];
+            execution.cancelled = true;
+          }
+        }
+      } catch (err) {
+        _iterator13.e(err);
+      } finally {
+        _iterator13.f();
+      }
+      var _iterator14 = _createForOfIteratorHelper(this.activeRenderExecutions),
+        _step14;
+      try {
+        for (_iterator14.s(); !(_step14 = _iterator14.n()).done;) {
+          var _execution2 = _step14.value;
+          _execution2.cancelled = true;
+          var resolve = _execution2.resolve;
+          _execution2.resolve = undefined;
+          resolve === null || resolve === void 0 || resolve();
+        }
+      } catch (err) {
+        _iterator14.e(err);
+      } finally {
+        _iterator14.f();
+      }
+      this.activeRenderExecutions.clear();
+      var _iterator15 = _createForOfIteratorHelper((_this$waitBuckets$val = (_this$waitBuckets3 = this.waitBuckets) === null || _this$waitBuckets3 === void 0 ? void 0 : _this$waitBuckets3.values()) !== null && _this$waitBuckets$val !== void 0 ? _this$waitBuckets$val : []),
+        _step15;
+      try {
+        for (_iterator15.s(); !(_step15 = _iterator15.n()).done;) {
+          var bucket = _step15.value;
+          clearTimeout(bucket.timeoutId);
+          bucket.resolve();
+        }
+      } catch (err) {
+        _iterator15.e(err);
+      } finally {
+        _iterator15.f();
+      }
+      (_this$waitBuckets2 = this.waitBuckets) === null || _this$waitBuckets2 === void 0 || _this$waitBuckets2.clear();
+    }
   }]);
 }();
 export { ParticleRuntime };