starpc 0.52.0 → 0.52.2

package/echo/echo_e2e_test.cpp

@@ -1,15 +1,19 @@
 //go:build deps_only
 
-// Echo end-to-end test for starpc C++ implementation.
-// Tests unary and streaming RPC patterns.
+/*
+ * Echo end-to-end test for the starpc C++ implementation: unary, streaming,
+ * and nested RpcStream calls over an in-memory transport.
+ */
 
-#include <atomic>
-#include <cassert>
+#include <condition_variable>
 #include <iostream>
 #include <memory>
 #include <mutex>
 #include <queue>
+#include <string>
 #include <thread>
+#include <tuple>
+#include <utility>
 
 #include "echo/echo_srpc.pb.hpp"
 #include "rpcstream/rpcstream.hpp"
@@ -18,1031 +22,584 @@
 
 namespace {
 
-const char *kTestBody = "hello world via starpc C++ e2e test";
+const char *test_body = "hello world via starpc C++ e2e test";
 
-// InMemoryTransport provides an in-memory packet transport for testing.
-// Simulates a bidirectional connection between client and server.
+/*
+ * InMemoryTransport is a bidirectional packet connection between a test
+ * client and server. Each Endpoint queues packets and wakes its readers on
+ * send or close.
+ */
 class InMemoryTransport {
 public:
-  struct Endpoint {
-    std::mutex mtx;
-    std::condition_variable cv;
-    std::queue<std::string> packets;
-    bool closed = false;
-  };
-
-  InMemoryTransport()
-      : client_endpoint_(std::make_shared<Endpoint>()),
-        server_endpoint_(std::make_shared<Endpoint>()) {}
-
-  // Get writer for client to send to server
-  std::shared_ptr<Endpoint> ClientToServer() { return server_endpoint_; }
-  // Get writer for server to send to client
-  std::shared_ptr<Endpoint> ServerToClient() { return client_endpoint_; }
-  // Get reader for client (reads from server)
-  std::shared_ptr<Endpoint> ClientReader() { return client_endpoint_; }
-  // Get reader for server (reads from client)
-  std::shared_ptr<Endpoint> ServerReader() { return server_endpoint_; }
-
-  static void Send(std::shared_ptr<Endpoint> ep, const std::string &data) {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(ep->mtx);
-    if (!ep->closed) {
-      ep->packets.push(data);
-      ep->cv.notify_all();
-    }
-  }
-
-  static bool Recv(std::shared_ptr<Endpoint> ep, std::string *out,
-                   int timeout_ms = 5000) {
-    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(ep->mtx);
-    if (!ep->cv.wait_for(lock, std::chrono::milliseconds(timeout_ms), [&ep]() {
-          return !ep->packets.empty() || ep->closed;
-        })) {
-      return false; // timeout
-    }
-    if (ep->packets.empty()) {
-      return false; // closed
-    }
-    *out = ep->packets.front();
-    ep->packets.pop();
-    return true;
-  }
-
-  static void Close(std::shared_ptr<Endpoint> ep) {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(ep->mtx);
-    ep->closed = true;
-    ep->cv.notify_all();
-  }
+	struct Endpoint {
+		std::mutex mtx;
+		std::condition_variable cv;
+		std::queue<std::string> packets;
+		bool closed = false;
+	};
+
+	InMemoryTransport()
+		: client_endpoint(std::make_shared<Endpoint>()),
+		  server_endpoint(std::make_shared<Endpoint>())
+	{
+	}
+
+	/* ClientToServer returns the endpoint the client writes to. */
+	std::shared_ptr<Endpoint> ClientToServer()
+	{
+		return server_endpoint;
+	}
+	/* ServerToClient returns the endpoint the server writes to. */
+	std::shared_ptr<Endpoint> ServerToClient()
+	{
+		return client_endpoint;
+	}
+	/* ClientReader returns the endpoint the client reads from. */
+	std::shared_ptr<Endpoint> ClientReader()
+	{
+		return client_endpoint;
+	}
+	/* ServerReader returns the endpoint the server reads from. */
+	std::shared_ptr<Endpoint> ServerReader()
+	{
+		return server_endpoint;
+	}
+
+	/* Send queues data on ep and wakes its readers. */
+	static void Send(std::shared_ptr<Endpoint> ep, const std::string &data)
+	{
+		std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(ep->mtx);
+		if (!ep->closed) {
+			ep->packets.push(data);
+			ep->cv.notify_all();
+		}
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Recv waits for one packet and returns false once ep is closed and
+	 * drained.
+	 */
+	static bool Recv(std::shared_ptr<Endpoint> ep, std::string *out)
+	{
+		std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(ep->mtx);
+		ep->cv.wait(lock, [&ep]() {
+			return !ep->packets.empty() || ep->closed;
+		});
+		if (ep->packets.empty())
+			return false;
+		*out = std::move(ep->packets.front());
+		ep->packets.pop();
+		return true;
+	}
+
+	/* Close ends the endpoint and wakes its readers. */
+	static void Close(std::shared_ptr<Endpoint> ep)
+	{
+		std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(ep->mtx);
+		ep->closed = true;
+		ep->cv.notify_all();
+	}
 
 private:
-  std::shared_ptr<Endpoint> client_endpoint_;
-  std::shared_ptr<Endpoint> server_endpoint_;
+	std::shared_ptr<Endpoint> client_endpoint;
+	std::shared_ptr<Endpoint> server_endpoint;
 };
 
-// InMemoryPacketWriter writes packets to an InMemoryTransport endpoint.
+/* InMemoryPacketWriter writes packets to one transport endpoint. */
 class InMemoryPacketWriter : public starpc::PacketWriter {
 public:
-  explicit InMemoryPacketWriter(std::shared_ptr<InMemoryTransport::Endpoint> ep)
-      : endpoint_(ep) {}
-
-  starpc::Error WritePacket(const srpc::Packet &pkt) override {
-    std::string data;
-    if (!pkt.SerializeToString(&data)) {
-      return starpc::Error::InvalidMessage;
-    }
-    InMemoryTransport::Send(endpoint_, data);
-    return starpc::Error::OK;
-  }
-
-  starpc::Error Close() override {
-    InMemoryTransport::Close(endpoint_);
-    return starpc::Error::OK;
-  }
+	explicit InMemoryPacketWriter(
+		std::shared_ptr<InMemoryTransport::Endpoint> ep)
+		: endpoint(ep)
+	{
+	}
+
+	starpc::Error WritePacket(const srpc::Packet &pkt) override
+	{
+		std::string data;
+		if (!pkt.SerializeToString(&data))
+			return starpc::Error::InvalidMessage;
+		InMemoryTransport::Send(endpoint, data);
+		return starpc::Error::OK;
+	}
+
+	starpc::Error Close() override
+	{
+		InMemoryTransport::Close(endpoint);
+		return starpc::Error::OK;
+	}
 
 private:
-  std::shared_ptr<InMemoryTransport::Endpoint> endpoint_;
+	std::shared_ptr<InMemoryTransport::Endpoint> endpoint;
 };
 
-// RpcStreamAdapter adapts generated stream classes to implement
-// rpcstream::RpcStream
+/*
+ * RpcStreamAdapter exposes a generated server stream as an
+ * rpcstream::RpcStream. The stream is borrowed and must outlive the adapter.
+ */
 class RpcStreamAdapter : public rpcstream::RpcStream {
 public:
-  explicit RpcStreamAdapter(echo::SRPCEchoer_RpcStreamStream *strm)
-      : strm_(strm) {}
-
-  starpc::Error Send(const rpcstream::RpcStreamPacket &msg) override {
-    return strm_->Send(msg);
-  }
-  starpc::Error Recv(rpcstream::RpcStreamPacket *msg) override {
-    return strm_->Recv(msg);
-  }
-  starpc::Error CloseSend() override { return starpc::Error::OK; }
-  starpc::Error Close() override { return starpc::Error::OK; }
+	explicit RpcStreamAdapter(echo::SRPCEchoer_RpcStreamStream *strm)
+		: strm(strm)
+	{
+	}
+
+	starpc::Error Send(const rpcstream::RpcStreamPacket &msg) override
+	{
+		return strm->Send(msg);
+	}
+	starpc::Error Recv(rpcstream::RpcStreamPacket *msg) override
+	{
+		return strm->Recv(msg);
+	}
+	starpc::Error CloseSend() override
+	{
+		return starpc::Error::OK;
+	}
+	starpc::Error Close() override
+	{
+		return starpc::Error::OK;
+	}
 
 private:
-  echo::SRPCEchoer_RpcStreamStream *strm_;
+	echo::SRPCEchoer_RpcStreamStream *strm;
 };
 
-// EchoServerImpl implements the echo server.
+/* EchoServerImpl implements the echo service under test. */
 class EchoServerImpl : public echo::SRPCEchoerServer {
 public:
-  void SetRpcStreamMux(starpc::Mux *mux) { rpc_stream_mux_ = mux; }
-
-  starpc::Error Echo(const echo::EchoMsg &req, echo::EchoMsg *resp) override {
-    resp->set_body(req.body());
-    return starpc::Error::OK;
-  }
-
-  starpc::Error
-  EchoServerStream(const echo::EchoMsg &req,
-                   echo::SRPCEchoer_EchoServerStreamStream *strm) override {
-    // Send 5 copies of the message
-    for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
-      echo::EchoMsg msg;
-      msg.set_body(req.body());
-      starpc::Error err = strm->Send(msg);
-      if (err != starpc::Error::OK) {
-        return err;
-      }
-    }
-    return starpc::Error::OK;
-  }
-
-  starpc::Error EchoClientStream(echo::SRPCEchoer_EchoClientStreamStream *strm,
-                                 echo::EchoMsg *resp) override {
-    // Receive first message and return it
-    echo::EchoMsg msg;
-    starpc::Error err = strm->Recv(&msg);
-    if (err != starpc::Error::OK) {
-      return err;
-    }
-    resp->set_body(msg.body());
-    return starpc::Error::OK;
-  }
-
-  starpc::Error
-  EchoBidiStream(echo::SRPCEchoer_EchoBidiStreamStream *strm) override {
-    // Echo back all received messages
-    while (true) {
-      echo::EchoMsg msg;
-      starpc::Error err = strm->Recv(&msg);
-      if (err == starpc::Error::EOF_) {
-        break;
-      }
-      if (err != starpc::Error::OK) {
-        return err;
-      }
-      err = strm->Send(msg);
-      if (err != starpc::Error::OK) {
-        return err;
-      }
-    }
-    return starpc::Error::OK;
-  }
-
-  starpc::Error RpcStream(echo::SRPCEchoer_RpcStreamStream *strm) override {
-    // Wrap stream to implement rpcstream::RpcStream interface
-    auto adapter = std::make_shared<RpcStreamAdapter>(strm);
-    return rpcstream::HandleRpcStream(
-        adapter, [this](const std::string &component_id) {
-          if (!rpc_stream_mux_) {
-            return std::make_tuple(static_cast<starpc::Invoker *>(nullptr),
-                                   std::function<void()>(),
-                                   starpc::Error::Unimplemented);
-          }
-          return std::make_tuple(
-              static_cast<starpc::Invoker *>(rpc_stream_mux_),
-              std::function<void()>(), starpc::Error::OK);
-        });
-  }
-
-  starpc::Error DoNothing(const google::protobuf::Empty &req,
-                          google::protobuf::Empty *resp) override {
-    // Just return OK
-    return starpc::Error::OK;
-  }
+	/* SetRpcStreamMux selects the mux nested RpcStream calls resolve to. */
+	void SetRpcStreamMux(starpc::Mux *mux)
+	{
+		rpc_stream_mux = mux;
+	}
+
+	starpc::Error Echo(const echo::EchoMsg &req,
+			   echo::EchoMsg *resp) override
+	{
+		resp->set_body(req.body());
+		return starpc::Error::OK;
+	}
+
+	starpc::Error
+	EchoServerStream(const echo::EchoMsg &req,
+			 echo::SRPCEchoer_EchoServerStreamStream *strm) override
+	{
+		/* Send 5 copies of the message */
+		for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
+			echo::EchoMsg msg;
+			msg.set_body(req.body());
+			starpc::Error err = strm->Send(msg);
+			if (err != starpc::Error::OK) {
+				return err;
+			}
+		}
+		return starpc::Error::OK;
+	}
+
+	starpc::Error
+	EchoClientStream(echo::SRPCEchoer_EchoClientStreamStream *strm,
+			 echo::EchoMsg *resp) override
+	{
+		/* Receive first message and return it */
+		echo::EchoMsg msg;
+		starpc::Error err = strm->Recv(&msg);
+		if (err != starpc::Error::OK) {
+			return err;
+		}
+		resp->set_body(msg.body());
+		return starpc::Error::OK;
+	}
+
+	starpc::Error
+	EchoBidiStream(echo::SRPCEchoer_EchoBidiStreamStream *strm) override
+	{
+		/* Echo back all received messages */
+		while (true) {
+			echo::EchoMsg msg;
+			starpc::Error err = strm->Recv(&msg);
+			if (err == starpc::Error::EOF_) {
+				break;
+			}
+			if (err != starpc::Error::OK) {
+				return err;
+			}
+			err = strm->Send(msg);
+			if (err != starpc::Error::OK) {
+				return err;
+			}
+		}
+		return starpc::Error::OK;
+	}
+
+	starpc::Error RpcStream(echo::SRPCEchoer_RpcStreamStream *strm) override
+	{
+		auto adapter = std::make_shared<RpcStreamAdapter>(strm);
+		return rpcstream::HandleRpcStream(
+			adapter, [this](const std::string &component_id) {
+				if (!rpc_stream_mux) {
+					return std::make_tuple(
+						static_cast<starpc::Invoker *>(
+							nullptr),
+						std::function<void()>(),
+						starpc::Error::Unimplemented);
+				}
+				return std::make_tuple(
+					static_cast<starpc::Invoker *>(
+						rpc_stream_mux),
+					std::function<void()>(),
+					starpc::Error::OK);
+			});
+	}
+
+	starpc::Error DoNothing(const google::protobuf::Empty &req,
+				google::protobuf::Empty *resp) override
+	{
+		return starpc::Error::OK;
+	}
 
 private:
-  starpc::Mux *rpc_stream_mux_ = nullptr;
+	/* rpc_stream_mux is borrowed; the caller owns it. */
+	starpc::Mux *rpc_stream_mux = nullptr;
 };
 
-// RunServer runs the server-side packet handling loop.
-void RunServer(InMemoryTransport *transport, starpc::Mux *mux) {
-  auto reader = transport->ServerReader();
-  auto writer_ep = transport->ServerToClient();
-  auto writer = std::make_unique<InMemoryPacketWriter>(writer_ep);
-
-  auto server_rpc = starpc::NewServerRPC(mux, writer.get());
-
-  while (true) {
-    std::string data;
-    if (!InMemoryTransport::Recv(reader, &data)) {
-      break;
-    }
-    starpc::Error err = server_rpc->HandlePacketData(data);
-    if (err != starpc::Error::OK && err != starpc::Error::Completed) {
-      std::cerr << "Server error: " << starpc::ErrorString(err) << std::endl;
-      break;
-    }
-  }
+/* RunServer serves packets from the transport until it closes. */
+void RunServer(InMemoryTransport *transport, starpc::Mux *mux)
+{
+	auto reader = transport->ServerReader();
+	auto writer = std::make_unique<InMemoryPacketWriter>(
+		transport->ServerToClient());
+	auto server_rpc = starpc::NewServerRPC(mux, writer.get());
+
+	std::string data;
+	while (InMemoryTransport::Recv(reader, &data)) {
+		starpc::Error err = server_rpc->HandlePacketData(data);
+		if (err != starpc::Error::OK &&
+		    err != starpc::Error::Completed) {
+			std::cerr
+				<< "Server error: " << starpc::ErrorString(err)
+				<< std::endl;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
 }
 
-// Test unary RPC
-bool TestUnary() {
-  std::cout << "Testing Unary RPC... " << std::flush;
-
-  InMemoryTransport transport;
-
-  // Setup server
-  auto mux = starpc::NewMux();
-  EchoServerImpl server_impl;
-  auto [handler, reg_err] = echo::SRPCRegisterEchoer(mux.get(), &server_impl);
-  if (reg_err != starpc::Error::OK) {
-    std::cerr << "FAILED: Registration error: " << starpc::ErrorString(reg_err)
-              << std::endl;
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  // Start server thread
-  std::thread server_thread(
-      [&transport, &mux]() { RunServer(&transport, mux.get()); });
-
-  // Setup client
-  auto client_rpc = starpc::NewClientRPC("echo.Echoer", "Echo");
-  auto writer =
-      std::make_unique<InMemoryPacketWriter>(transport.ClientToServer());
-
-  // Start client receive thread
-  auto client_reader = transport.ClientReader();
-  std::thread client_recv_thread([&client_rpc, &client_reader]() {
-    while (true) {
-      std::string data;
-      if (!InMemoryTransport::Recv(client_reader, &data)) {
-        client_rpc->HandleStreamClose(starpc::Error::EOF_);
-        break;
-      }
-      starpc::Error err = client_rpc->HandlePacketData(data);
-      if (err != starpc::Error::OK) {
-        break;
-      }
-    }
-  });
-
-  // Send request
-  echo::EchoMsg req;
-  req.set_body(kTestBody);
-  std::string req_data;
-  req.SerializeToString(&req_data);
-
-  starpc::Error err = client_rpc->Start(writer.get(), true, req_data);
-  if (err != starpc::Error::OK) {
-    std::cerr << "FAILED: Start error: " << starpc::ErrorString(err)
-              << std::endl;
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  // Read response
-  std::string resp_data;
-  err = client_rpc->ReadOne(&resp_data);
-  if (err != starpc::Error::OK) {
-    std::cerr << "FAILED: ReadOne error: " << starpc::ErrorString(err)
-              << std::endl;
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  echo::EchoMsg resp;
-  if (!resp.ParseFromString(resp_data)) {
-    std::cerr << "FAILED: Parse response error" << std::endl;
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  if (resp.body() != kTestBody) {
-    std::cerr << "FAILED: Expected '" << kTestBody << "' got '" << resp.body()
-              << "'" << std::endl;
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  // Cleanup
-  client_rpc->Close();
-  writer->Close();
-  InMemoryTransport::Close(transport.ServerReader());
-
-  client_recv_thread.join();
-  server_thread.join();
-
-  std::cout << "PASSED" << std::endl;
-  return true;
+/*
+ * EchoServer serves one EchoServerImpl on a mux, and on a nested mux that
+ * RpcStream calls resolve to. It owns the handlers both muxes borrow.
+ */
+struct EchoServer {
+	EchoServerImpl impl;
+	std::unique_ptr<echo::SRPCEchoerHandler> handler;
+	std::unique_ptr<echo::SRPCEchoerHandler> nested_handler;
+	std::unique_ptr<starpc::Mux> mux = starpc::NewMux();
+	std::unique_ptr<starpc::Mux> nested_mux = starpc::NewMux();
+
+	/* Register registers impl on both muxes and reports the first error. */
+	starpc::Error Register()
+	{
+		impl.SetRpcStreamMux(nested_mux.get());
+		starpc::Error err;
+		std::tie(handler, err) =
+			echo::SRPCRegisterEchoer(mux.get(), &impl);
+		if (err != starpc::Error::OK)
+			return err;
+		std::tie(nested_handler, err) =
+			echo::SRPCRegisterEchoer(nested_mux.get(), &impl);
+		return err;
+	}
+};
+
+/*
+ * TestCall serves a mux over an in-memory transport and opens one client call
+ * on it. Its receive thread feeds server packets to the call and ends the call
+ * with EOF when the transport closes. Destroying the TestCall closes the call
+ * and both endpoints and joins both threads, so every exit path releases them.
+ * The mux must outlive the TestCall.
+ */
+class TestCall {
+public:
+	TestCall(starpc::Mux *mux, const std::string &service,
+		 const std::string &method)
+		: client_rpc(starpc::NewClientRPC(service, method)),
+		  writer(std::make_unique<InMemoryPacketWriter>(
+			  transport.ClientToServer()))
+	{
+		server_thread = std::thread(
+			[this, mux]() { RunServer(&transport, mux); });
+		recv_thread = std::thread([this]() { Receive(); });
+	}
+
+	TestCall(const TestCall &) = delete;
+	TestCall &operator=(const TestCall &) = delete;
+
+	~TestCall()
+	{
+		client_rpc->Close();
+		InMemoryTransport::Close(transport.ServerReader());
+		InMemoryTransport::Close(transport.ClientReader());
+		recv_thread.join();
+		server_thread.join();
+	}
+
+	/* Start starts the call, sending data first when has_data is set. */
+	starpc::Error Start(bool has_data, const std::string &data)
+	{
+		return client_rpc->Start(writer.get(), has_data, data);
+	}
+
+	/* Rpc returns the client call. */
+	starpc::ClientRPC *Rpc()
+	{
+		return client_rpc.get();
+	}
+
+private:
+	/* Receive feeds packets to the call until the transport closes. */
+	void Receive()
+	{
+		auto reader = transport.ClientReader();
+		std::string data;
+		while (InMemoryTransport::Recv(reader, &data)) {
+			if (client_rpc->HandlePacketData(data) !=
+			    starpc::Error::OK)
+				break;
+		}
+		client_rpc->HandleStreamClose(starpc::Error::EOF_);
+	}
+
+	InMemoryTransport transport;
+	std::unique_ptr<starpc::ClientRPC> client_rpc;
+	std::unique_ptr<InMemoryPacketWriter> writer;
+	std::thread server_thread;
+	std::thread recv_thread;
+};
+
+/* Fail reports a failed step with its error and returns false. */
+bool Fail(const std::string &step, starpc::Error err)
+{
+	std::cerr << "FAILED: " << step << ": " << starpc::ErrorString(err)
+		  << std::endl;
+	return false;
 }
 
-// Test server streaming RPC
-bool TestServerStream() {
-  std::cout << "Testing ServerStream RPC... " << std::flush;
-
-  InMemoryTransport transport;
-
-  // Setup server
-  auto mux = starpc::NewMux();
-  EchoServerImpl server_impl;
-  auto [handler, reg_err] = echo::SRPCRegisterEchoer(mux.get(), &server_impl);
-  if (reg_err != starpc::Error::OK) {
-    std::cerr << "FAILED: Registration error: " << starpc::ErrorString(reg_err)
-              << std::endl;
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  // Start server thread
-  std::thread server_thread(
-      [&transport, &mux]() { RunServer(&transport, mux.get()); });
-
-  // Setup client
-  auto client_rpc = starpc::NewClientRPC("echo.Echoer", "EchoServerStream");
-  auto writer =
-      std::make_unique<InMemoryPacketWriter>(transport.ClientToServer());
-
-  // Start client receive thread
-  auto client_reader = transport.ClientReader();
-  std::atomic<bool> client_done{false};
-  std::thread client_recv_thread([&client_rpc, &client_reader, &client_done]() {
-    while (!client_done.load()) {
-      std::string data;
-      if (!InMemoryTransport::Recv(client_reader, &data, 100)) {
-        continue;
-      }
-      starpc::Error err = client_rpc->HandlePacketData(data);
-      if (err != starpc::Error::OK) {
-        break;
-      }
-    }
-  });
-
-  // Send request
-  echo::EchoMsg req;
-  req.set_body(kTestBody);
-  std::string req_data;
-  req.SerializeToString(&req_data);
-
-  starpc::Error err = client_rpc->Start(writer.get(), true, req_data);
-  if (err != starpc::Error::OK) {
-    std::cerr << "FAILED: Start error: " << starpc::ErrorString(err)
-              << std::endl;
-    client_done.store(true);
-    client_recv_thread.join();
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  // Read 5 responses
-  int received = 0;
-  for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
-    std::string resp_data;
-    err = client_rpc->ReadOne(&resp_data);
-    if (err != starpc::Error::OK) {
-      std::cerr << "FAILED: ReadOne error at message " << i << ": "
-                << starpc::ErrorString(err) << std::endl;
-      client_done.store(true);
-      client_recv_thread.join();
-      return false;
-    }
-
-    echo::EchoMsg resp;
-    if (!resp.ParseFromString(resp_data)) {
-      std::cerr << "FAILED: Parse response error at message " << i << std::endl;
-      client_done.store(true);
-      client_recv_thread.join();
-      return false;
-    }
-
-    if (resp.body() != kTestBody) {
-      std::cerr << "FAILED: Expected '" << kTestBody << "' got '" << resp.body()
-                << "'" << std::endl;
-      client_done.store(true);
-      client_recv_thread.join();
-      return false;
-    }
-    received++;
-  }
-
-  if (received != 5) {
-    std::cerr << "FAILED: Expected 5 messages, got " << received << std::endl;
-    client_done.store(true);
-    client_recv_thread.join();
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  // Cleanup
-  client_rpc->Close();
-  writer->Close();
-  client_done.store(true);
-  InMemoryTransport::Close(transport.ServerReader());
-
-  client_recv_thread.join();
-  server_thread.join();
-
-  std::cout << "PASSED" << std::endl;
-  return true;
+/* Fail reports a failed step and returns false. */
+bool Fail(const std::string &step)
+{
+	std::cerr << "FAILED: " << step << std::endl;
+	return false;
 }
 
-// Test client streaming RPC
-bool TestClientStream() {
-  std::cout << "Testing ClientStream RPC... " << std::flush;
-
-  InMemoryTransport transport;
-
-  // Setup server
-  auto mux = starpc::NewMux();
-  EchoServerImpl server_impl;
-  auto [handler, reg_err] = echo::SRPCRegisterEchoer(mux.get(), &server_impl);
-  if (reg_err != starpc::Error::OK) {
-    std::cerr << "FAILED: Registration error: " << starpc::ErrorString(reg_err)
-              << std::endl;
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  // Start server thread
-  std::thread server_thread(
-      [&transport, &mux]() { RunServer(&transport, mux.get()); });
-
-  // Setup client
-  auto client_rpc = starpc::NewClientRPC("echo.Echoer", "EchoClientStream");
-  auto writer =
-      std::make_unique<InMemoryPacketWriter>(transport.ClientToServer());
-
-  // Start client receive thread
-  auto client_reader = transport.ClientReader();
-  std::atomic<bool> client_done{false};
-  std::thread client_recv_thread([&client_rpc, &client_reader, &client_done]() {
-    while (!client_done.load()) {
-      std::string data;
-      if (!InMemoryTransport::Recv(client_reader, &data, 100)) {
-        continue;
-      }
-      starpc::Error err = client_rpc->HandlePacketData(data);
-      if (err != starpc::Error::OK) {
-        break;
-      }
-    }
-  });
-
-  // Send request (no initial data for streaming)
-  starpc::Error err = client_rpc->Start(writer.get(), false, "");
-  if (err != starpc::Error::OK) {
-    std::cerr << "FAILED: Start error: " << starpc::ErrorString(err)
-              << std::endl;
-    client_done.store(true);
-    client_recv_thread.join();
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  // Send first message using WriteCallData
-  echo::EchoMsg req;
-  req.set_body(kTestBody);
-  std::string req_data;
-  req.SerializeToString(&req_data);
-
-  err = client_rpc->WriteCallData(req_data, false, false, starpc::Error::OK);
-  if (err != starpc::Error::OK) {
-    std::cerr << "FAILED: WriteCallData error: " << starpc::ErrorString(err)
-              << std::endl;
-    client_done.store(true);
-    client_recv_thread.join();
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  // Close send side to indicate we're done sending
-  err = client_rpc->WriteCallData("", false, true, starpc::Error::OK);
-  if (err != starpc::Error::OK) {
-    std::cerr << "FAILED: WriteCallData (close) error: "
-              << starpc::ErrorString(err) << std::endl;
-    client_done.store(true);
-    client_recv_thread.join();
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  // Read response
-  std::string resp_data;
-  err = client_rpc->ReadOne(&resp_data);
-  if (err != starpc::Error::OK) {
-    std::cerr << "FAILED: ReadOne error: " << starpc::ErrorString(err)
-              << std::endl;
-    client_done.store(true);
-    client_recv_thread.join();
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  echo::EchoMsg resp;
-  if (!resp.ParseFromString(resp_data)) {
-    std::cerr << "FAILED: Parse response error" << std::endl;
-    client_done.store(true);
-    client_recv_thread.join();
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  if (resp.body() != kTestBody) {
-    std::cerr << "FAILED: Expected '" << kTestBody << "' got '" << resp.body()
-              << "'" << std::endl;
-    client_done.store(true);
-    client_recv_thread.join();
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  // Cleanup
-  client_rpc->Close();
-  writer->Close();
-  client_done.store(true);
-  InMemoryTransport::Close(transport.ServerReader());
-
-  client_recv_thread.join();
-  server_thread.join();
-
-  std::cout << "PASSED" << std::endl;
-  return true;
+/* EchoRequest returns an encoded EchoMsg carrying test_body. */
+std::string EchoRequest()
+{
+	echo::EchoMsg req;
+	req.set_body(test_body);
+	return req.SerializeAsString();
 }
 
-// Test bidirectional streaming RPC
-bool TestBidiStream() {
-  std::cout << "Testing BidiStream RPC... " << std::flush;
-
-  InMemoryTransport transport;
-
-  // Setup server
-  auto mux = starpc::NewMux();
-  EchoServerImpl server_impl;
-  auto [handler, reg_err] = echo::SRPCRegisterEchoer(mux.get(), &server_impl);
-  if (reg_err != starpc::Error::OK) {
-    std::cerr << "FAILED: Registration error: " << starpc::ErrorString(reg_err)
-              << std::endl;
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  // Start server thread
-  std::thread server_thread(
-      [&transport, &mux]() { RunServer(&transport, mux.get()); });
-
-  // Setup client
-  auto client_rpc = starpc::NewClientRPC("echo.Echoer", "EchoBidiStream");
-  auto writer =
-      std::make_unique<InMemoryPacketWriter>(transport.ClientToServer());
-
-  // Start client receive thread
-  auto client_reader = transport.ClientReader();
-  std::atomic<bool> client_done{false};
-  std::thread client_recv_thread([&client_rpc, &client_reader, &client_done]() {
-    while (!client_done.load()) {
-      std::string data;
-      if (!InMemoryTransport::Recv(client_reader, &data, 100)) {
-        continue;
-      }
-      starpc::Error err = client_rpc->HandlePacketData(data);
-      if (err != starpc::Error::OK) {
-        break;
-      }
-    }
-  });
-
-  // Send request (no initial data for bidi streaming)
-  starpc::Error err = client_rpc->Start(writer.get(), false, "");
-  if (err != starpc::Error::OK) {
-    std::cerr << "FAILED: Start error: " << starpc::ErrorString(err)
-              << std::endl;
-    client_done.store(true);
-    client_recv_thread.join();
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  // Send 3 messages and receive 3 responses
-  for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
-    // Send message
-    echo::EchoMsg req;
-    req.set_body(kTestBody);
-    std::string req_data;
-    req.SerializeToString(&req_data);
-
-    err = client_rpc->WriteCallData(req_data, false, false, starpc::Error::OK);
-    if (err != starpc::Error::OK) {
-      std::cerr << "FAILED: WriteCallData error at message " << i << ": "
-                << starpc::ErrorString(err) << std::endl;
-      client_done.store(true);
-      client_recv_thread.join();
-      return false;
-    }
-
-    // Receive echoed response
-    std::string resp_data;
-    err = client_rpc->ReadOne(&resp_data);
-    if (err != starpc::Error::OK) {
-      std::cerr << "FAILED: ReadOne error at message " << i << ": "
-                << starpc::ErrorString(err) << std::endl;
-      client_done.store(true);
-      client_recv_thread.join();
-      return false;
-    }
-
-    echo::EchoMsg resp;
-    if (!resp.ParseFromString(resp_data)) {
-      std::cerr << "FAILED: Parse response error at message " << i << std::endl;
-      client_done.store(true);
-      client_recv_thread.join();
-      return false;
-    }
-
-    if (resp.body() != kTestBody) {
-      std::cerr << "FAILED: Expected '" << kTestBody << "' got '" << resp.body()
-                << "'" << std::endl;
-      client_done.store(true);
-      client_recv_thread.join();
-      return false;
-    }
-  }
-
-  // Close send side
-  err = client_rpc->WriteCallData("", false, true, starpc::Error::OK);
-  if (err != starpc::Error::OK) {
-    std::cerr << "FAILED: WriteCallData (close) error: "
-              << starpc::ErrorString(err) << std::endl;
-    client_done.store(true);
-    client_recv_thread.join();
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  // Cleanup
-  client_rpc->Close();
-  writer->Close();
-  client_done.store(true);
-  InMemoryTransport::Close(transport.ServerReader());
-
-  client_recv_thread.join();
-  server_thread.join();
-
-  std::cout << "PASSED" << std::endl;
-  return true;
+/* ReadEcho reads one EchoMsg from rpc and checks that it carries test_body. */
+bool ReadEcho(starpc::ClientRPC *rpc, const std::string &step)
+{
+	std::string data;
+	starpc::Error err = rpc->ReadOne(&data);
+	if (err != starpc::Error::OK)
+		return Fail(step + ": read", err);
+
+	echo::EchoMsg resp;
+	if (!resp.ParseFromString(data))
+		return Fail(step + ": parse");
+	if (resp.body() != test_body)
+		return Fail(step + ": got '" + resp.body() + "'");
+	return true;
 }
 
-// Test DoNothing RPC
-bool TestDoNothing() {
-  std::cout << "Testing DoNothing RPC... " << std::flush;
-
-  InMemoryTransport transport;
-
-  // Setup server
-  auto mux = starpc::NewMux();
-  EchoServerImpl server_impl;
-  auto [handler, reg_err] = echo::SRPCRegisterEchoer(mux.get(), &server_impl);
-  if (reg_err != starpc::Error::OK) {
-    std::cerr << "FAILED: Registration error: " << starpc::ErrorString(reg_err)
-              << std::endl;
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  // Start server thread
-  std::thread server_thread(
-      [&transport, &mux]() { RunServer(&transport, mux.get()); });
-
-  // Setup client
-  auto client_rpc = starpc::NewClientRPC("echo.Echoer", "DoNothing");
-  auto writer =
-      std::make_unique<InMemoryPacketWriter>(transport.ClientToServer());
-
-  // Start client receive thread
-  auto client_reader = transport.ClientReader();
-  std::thread client_recv_thread([&client_rpc, &client_reader]() {
-    while (true) {
-      std::string data;
-      if (!InMemoryTransport::Recv(client_reader, &data)) {
-        client_rpc->HandleStreamClose(starpc::Error::EOF_);
-        break;
-      }
-      starpc::Error err = client_rpc->HandlePacketData(data);
-      if (err != starpc::Error::OK) {
-        break;
-      }
-    }
-  });
-
-  // Send request with empty message
-  google::protobuf::Empty req;
-  std::string req_data;
-  req.SerializeToString(&req_data);
-
-  starpc::Error err = client_rpc->Start(writer.get(), true, req_data);
-  if (err != starpc::Error::OK) {
-    std::cerr << "FAILED: Start error: " << starpc::ErrorString(err)
-              << std::endl;
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  // Read response
-  std::string resp_data;
-  err = client_rpc->ReadOne(&resp_data);
-  if (err != starpc::Error::OK) {
-    std::cerr << "FAILED: ReadOne error: " << starpc::ErrorString(err)
-              << std::endl;
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  google::protobuf::Empty resp;
-  if (!resp.ParseFromString(resp_data)) {
-    std::cerr << "FAILED: Parse response error" << std::endl;
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  // Cleanup
-  client_rpc->Close();
-  writer->Close();
-  InMemoryTransport::Close(transport.ServerReader());
-
-  client_recv_thread.join();
-  server_thread.join();
-
-  std::cout << "PASSED" << std::endl;
-  return true;
+/* TestUnary pins one unary request/reply round trip. */
+bool TestUnary(starpc::Mux *mux)
+{
+	TestCall call(mux, "echo.Echoer", "Echo");
+	starpc::Error err = call.Start(true, EchoRequest());
+	if (err != starpc::Error::OK)
+		return Fail("start", err);
+	return ReadEcho(call.Rpc(), "reply");
 }
 
-// RpcStreamClientWrapper wraps a generated RpcStream client.
-class RpcStreamClientWrapper : public rpcstream::RpcStream {
-public:
-  explicit RpcStreamClientWrapper(echo::SRPCEchoer_RpcStreamClient *client)
-      : client_(client) {}
-
-  starpc::Error Send(const rpcstream::RpcStreamPacket &msg) override {
-    return client_->Send(msg);
-  }
-  starpc::Error Recv(rpcstream::RpcStreamPacket *msg) override {
-    return client_->Recv(msg);
-  }
-  starpc::Error CloseSend() override { return client_->CloseSend(); }
-  starpc::Error Close() override { return client_->Close(); }
+/* TestServerStream pins five responses to one request. */
+bool TestServerStream(starpc::Mux *mux)
+{
+	TestCall call(mux, "echo.Echoer", "EchoServerStream");
+	starpc::Error err = call.Start(true, EchoRequest());
+	if (err != starpc::Error::OK)
+		return Fail("start", err);
+
+	for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
+		if (!ReadEcho(call.Rpc(), "message " + std::to_string(i)))
+			return false;
+	}
+
+	std::string extra;
+	err = call.Rpc()->ReadOne(&extra);
+	if (err != starpc::Error::EOF_)
+		return Fail("end of stream", err);
+	return true;
+}
 
-private:
-  echo::SRPCEchoer_RpcStreamClient *client_;
-};
+/* TestClientStream pins one reply to a streamed request. */
+bool TestClientStream(starpc::Mux *mux)
+{
+	TestCall call(mux, "echo.Echoer", "EchoClientStream");
+	starpc::Error err = call.Start(false, "");
+	if (err != starpc::Error::OK)
+		return Fail("start", err);
+
+	err = call.Rpc()->WriteCallData(EchoRequest(), false, false,
+					starpc::Error::OK);
+	if (err != starpc::Error::OK)
+		return Fail("send", err);
+	err = call.Rpc()->WriteCallData("", false, true, starpc::Error::OK);
+	if (err != starpc::Error::OK)
+		return Fail("close send", err);
+	return ReadEcho(call.Rpc(), "reply");
+}
 
-// TestClientContext holds all resources for a test client with proper lifetime.
-struct TestClientContext {
-  std::unique_ptr<starpc::ClientRPC> client_rpc;
-  std::unique_ptr<InMemoryPacketWriter> writer;
-  std::thread recv_thread;
-  std::atomic<bool> done{false};
-
-  ~TestClientContext() {
-    done.store(true);
-    if (recv_thread.joinable()) {
-      recv_thread.join();
-    }
-  }
-};
+/* TestBidiStream pins echo replies to each sent message. */
+bool TestBidiStream(starpc::Mux *mux)
+{
+	TestCall call(mux, "echo.Echoer", "EchoBidiStream");
+	starpc::Error err = call.Start(false, "");
+	if (err != starpc::Error::OK)
+		return Fail("start", err);
+
+	for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
+		const std::string step = "message " + std::to_string(i);
+		err = call.Rpc()->WriteCallData(EchoRequest(), false, false,
+						starpc::Error::OK);
+		if (err != starpc::Error::OK)
+			return Fail(step + ": send", err);
+		if (!ReadEcho(call.Rpc(), step))
+			return false;
+	}
+
+	err = call.Rpc()->WriteCallData("", false, true, starpc::Error::OK);
+	if (err != starpc::Error::OK)
+		return Fail("close send", err);
+	return true;
+}
 
-// CreateTestClient creates a client with a joinable receive thread.
-std::unique_ptr<TestClientContext>
-CreateTestClient(InMemoryTransport &transport, const std::string &service,
-                 const std::string &method) {
-  auto ctx = std::make_unique<TestClientContext>();
-  ctx->client_rpc = starpc::NewClientRPC(service, method);
-  ctx->writer =
-      std::make_unique<InMemoryPacketWriter>(transport.ClientToServer());
-
-  auto client_reader = transport.ClientReader();
-  auto *rpc = ctx->client_rpc.get();
-  ctx->recv_thread = std::thread([rpc, client_reader, &done = ctx->done]() {
-    while (!done.load()) {
-      std::string data;
-      if (!InMemoryTransport::Recv(client_reader, &data, 100)) {
-        if (done.load())
-          break;
-        continue;
-      }
-      starpc::Error err = rpc->HandlePacketData(data);
-      if (err != starpc::Error::OK) {
-        break;
-      }
-    }
-    rpc->HandleStreamClose(starpc::Error::EOF_);
-  });
-
-  return ctx;
+/* TestDoNothing pins an empty request and empty reply. */
+bool TestDoNothing(starpc::Mux *mux)
+{
+	TestCall call(mux, "echo.Echoer", "DoNothing");
+	starpc::Error err =
+		call.Start(true, google::protobuf::Empty().SerializeAsString());
+	if (err != starpc::Error::OK)
+		return Fail("start", err);
+
+	std::string data;
+	err = call.Rpc()->ReadOne(&data);
+	if (err != starpc::Error::OK)
+		return Fail("read", err);
+	google::protobuf::Empty resp;
+	if (!resp.ParseFromString(data))
+		return Fail("parse");
+	return true;
 }
 
-// Test RpcStream RPC using OpenRpcStream, HandleRpcStream, and RpcStreamWriter.
-// This test verifies:
-// 1. Client opens an RpcStream to the server
-// 2. Server handles init/ack via HandleRpcStream
-// 3. Client sends Echo call through the RpcStream
-// 4. Server forwards to nested mux and returns response
-bool TestRpcStream() {
-  std::cout << "Testing RpcStream RPC... " << std::flush;
-
-  InMemoryTransport transport;
-
-  // Setup server with nested mux
-  auto mux = starpc::NewMux();
-  auto nested_mux = starpc::NewMux();
-  EchoServerImpl server_impl;
-  server_impl.SetRpcStreamMux(nested_mux.get());
-
-  // Register echo service on both muxes
-  auto [handler, reg_err] = echo::SRPCRegisterEchoer(mux.get(), &server_impl);
-  if (reg_err != starpc::Error::OK) {
-    std::cerr << "FAILED: Registration error: " << starpc::ErrorString(reg_err)
-              << std::endl;
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  auto [nested_handler, nested_reg_err] =
-      echo::SRPCRegisterEchoer(nested_mux.get(), &server_impl);
-  if (nested_reg_err != starpc::Error::OK) {
-    std::cerr << "FAILED: Nested registration error: "
-              << starpc::ErrorString(nested_reg_err) << std::endl;
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  // Start server thread
-  std::thread server_thread(
-      [&transport, &mux]() { RunServer(&transport, mux.get()); });
-
-  // Create client for RpcStream call
-  auto ctx = CreateTestClient(transport, "echo.Echoer", "RpcStream");
-
-  // Start the RpcStream call (no initial data for bidi stream)
-  starpc::Error err = ctx->client_rpc->Start(ctx->writer.get(), false, "");
-  if (err != starpc::Error::OK) {
-    std::cerr << "FAILED: Start error: " << starpc::ErrorString(err)
-              << std::endl;
-    ctx->done.store(true);
-    InMemoryTransport::Close(transport.ClientReader());
-    InMemoryTransport::Close(transport.ServerReader());
-    server_thread.join();
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  // Send init packet
-  rpcstream::RpcStreamPacket init_pkt;
-  init_pkt.mutable_init()->set_component_id("");
-  std::string init_data;
-  init_pkt.SerializeToString(&init_data);
-  err = ctx->client_rpc->WriteCallData(init_data, false, false,
-                                       starpc::Error::OK);
-  if (err != starpc::Error::OK) {
-    std::cerr << "FAILED: Send init error: " << starpc::ErrorString(err)
-              << std::endl;
-    ctx->done.store(true);
-    InMemoryTransport::Close(transport.ClientReader());
-    InMemoryTransport::Close(transport.ServerReader());
-    server_thread.join();
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  // Read ack packet
-  std::string ack_data;
-  err = ctx->client_rpc->ReadOne(&ack_data);
-  if (err != starpc::Error::OK) {
-    std::cerr << "FAILED: Read ack error: " << starpc::ErrorString(err)
-              << std::endl;
-    ctx->done.store(true);
-    InMemoryTransport::Close(transport.ClientReader());
-    InMemoryTransport::Close(transport.ServerReader());
-    server_thread.join();
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  rpcstream::RpcStreamPacket ack_pkt;
-  if (!ack_pkt.ParseFromString(ack_data) || !ack_pkt.has_ack()) {
-    std::cerr << "FAILED: Invalid ack packet" << std::endl;
-    ctx->done.store(true);
-    InMemoryTransport::Close(transport.ClientReader());
-    InMemoryTransport::Close(transport.ServerReader());
-    server_thread.join();
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  if (!ack_pkt.ack().error().empty()) {
-    std::cerr << "FAILED: Ack error: " << ack_pkt.ack().error() << std::endl;
-    ctx->done.store(true);
-    InMemoryTransport::Close(transport.ClientReader());
-    InMemoryTransport::Close(transport.ServerReader());
-    server_thread.join();
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  // Create CallStart packet for Echo call
-  echo::EchoMsg req;
-  req.set_body(kTestBody);
-  std::string req_data;
-  req.SerializeToString(&req_data);
-  auto call_start =
-      starpc::NewCallStartPacket("echo.Echoer", "Echo", req_data, true);
-
-  // Wrap in RpcStreamPacket and send
-  std::string call_start_data;
-  call_start->SerializeToString(&call_start_data);
-  rpcstream::RpcStreamPacket data_pkt;
-  data_pkt.set_data(call_start_data);
-  std::string pkt_data;
-  data_pkt.SerializeToString(&pkt_data);
-  err =
-      ctx->client_rpc->WriteCallData(pkt_data, false, false, starpc::Error::OK);
-  if (err != starpc::Error::OK) {
-    std::cerr << "FAILED: Send CallStart error: " << starpc::ErrorString(err)
-              << std::endl;
-    ctx->done.store(true);
-    InMemoryTransport::Close(transport.ClientReader());
-    InMemoryTransport::Close(transport.ServerReader());
-    server_thread.join();
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  // Read response (RpcStreamPacket containing srpc::Packet with CallData)
-  std::string resp_data;
-  err = ctx->client_rpc->ReadOne(&resp_data);
-  if (err != starpc::Error::OK) {
-    std::cerr << "FAILED: Read response error: " << starpc::ErrorString(err)
-              << std::endl;
-    ctx->done.store(true);
-    InMemoryTransport::Close(transport.ClientReader());
-    InMemoryTransport::Close(transport.ServerReader());
-    server_thread.join();
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  rpcstream::RpcStreamPacket resp_pkt;
-  if (!resp_pkt.ParseFromString(resp_data) || !resp_pkt.has_data()) {
-    std::cerr << "FAILED: Invalid response packet" << std::endl;
-    ctx->done.store(true);
-    InMemoryTransport::Close(transport.ClientReader());
-    InMemoryTransport::Close(transport.ServerReader());
-    server_thread.join();
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  srpc::Packet inner_pkt;
-  if (!inner_pkt.ParseFromString(resp_pkt.data()) ||
-      !inner_pkt.has_call_data()) {
-    std::cerr << "FAILED: Invalid inner packet" << std::endl;
-    ctx->done.store(true);
-    InMemoryTransport::Close(transport.ClientReader());
-    InMemoryTransport::Close(transport.ServerReader());
-    server_thread.join();
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  echo::EchoMsg resp;
-  if (!resp.ParseFromString(inner_pkt.call_data().data())) {
-    std::cerr << "FAILED: Parse EchoMsg error" << std::endl;
-    ctx->done.store(true);
-    InMemoryTransport::Close(transport.ClientReader());
-    InMemoryTransport::Close(transport.ServerReader());
-    server_thread.join();
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  if (resp.body() != kTestBody) {
-    std::cerr << "FAILED: Expected '" << kTestBody << "' got '" << resp.body()
-              << "'" << std::endl;
-    ctx->client_rpc->Close();
-    ctx->done.store(true);
-    InMemoryTransport::Close(transport.ClientReader());
-    InMemoryTransport::Close(transport.ServerReader());
-    server_thread.join();
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  // Close the RPC to signal server we're done
-  ctx->client_rpc->Close();
-
-  // Cleanup
-  ctx->done.store(true);
-  InMemoryTransport::Close(transport.ClientReader());
-  InMemoryTransport::Close(transport.ServerReader());
-  server_thread.join();
-
-  std::cout << "PASSED" << std::endl;
-  return true;
+/*
+ * TestRpcStream pins a nested call: the client opens an RpcStream, the server
+ * answers init, and the nested Echo call returns through the nested mux.
+ */
+bool TestRpcStream(starpc::Mux *mux)
+{
+	TestCall call(mux, "echo.Echoer", "RpcStream");
+	starpc::ClientRPC *rpc = call.Rpc();
+	starpc::Error err = call.Start(false, "");
+	if (err != starpc::Error::OK)
+		return Fail("start", err);
+
+	rpcstream::RpcStreamPacket init_pkt;
+	init_pkt.mutable_init()->set_component_id("");
+	err = rpc->WriteCallData(init_pkt.SerializeAsString(), false, false,
+				 starpc::Error::OK);
+	if (err != starpc::Error::OK)
+		return Fail("send init", err);
+
+	std::string ack_data;
+	err = rpc->ReadOne(&ack_data);
+	if (err != starpc::Error::OK)
+		return Fail("read ack", err);
+	rpcstream::RpcStreamPacket ack_pkt;
+	if (!ack_pkt.ParseFromString(ack_data) || !ack_pkt.has_ack())
+		return Fail("invalid ack packet");
+	if (!ack_pkt.ack().error().empty())
+		return Fail("ack error: " + ack_pkt.ack().error());
+
+	/* The nested call starts inside an RpcStream data packet. */
+	auto call_start = starpc::NewCallStartPacket("echo.Echoer", "Echo",
+						     EchoRequest(), true);
+	rpcstream::RpcStreamPacket data_pkt;
+	data_pkt.set_data(call_start->SerializeAsString());
+	err = rpc->WriteCallData(data_pkt.SerializeAsString(), false, false,
+				 starpc::Error::OK);
+	if (err != starpc::Error::OK)
+		return Fail("send call start", err);
+
+	/* The reply is an RpcStream packet holding a CallData packet. */
+	std::string resp_data;
+	err = rpc->ReadOne(&resp_data);
+	if (err != starpc::Error::OK)
+		return Fail("read reply", err);
+	rpcstream::RpcStreamPacket resp_pkt;
+	if (!resp_pkt.ParseFromString(resp_data) || !resp_pkt.has_data())
+		return Fail("invalid reply packet");
+	srpc::Packet inner_pkt;
+	if (!inner_pkt.ParseFromString(resp_pkt.data()) ||
+	    !inner_pkt.has_call_data())
+		return Fail("invalid inner packet");
+	echo::EchoMsg resp;
+	if (!resp.ParseFromString(inner_pkt.call_data().data()))
+		return Fail("parse reply");
+	if (resp.body() != test_body)
+		return Fail("got '" + resp.body() + "'");
+	return true;
 }
 
 } // namespace
 
-int main() {
-  std::cout << "=== starpc C++ E2E Tests ===" << std::endl;
-
-  int passed = 0;
-  int failed = 0;
-
-  if (TestUnary()) {
-    passed++;
-  } else {
-    failed++;
-  }
-
-  if (TestServerStream()) {
-    passed++;
-  } else {
-    failed++;
-  }
-
-  if (TestClientStream()) {
-    passed++;
-  } else {
-    failed++;
-  }
-
-  if (TestBidiStream()) {
-    passed++;
-  } else {
-    failed++;
-  }
-
-  if (TestDoNothing()) {
-    passed++;
-  } else {
-    failed++;
-  }
-
-  if (TestRpcStream()) {
-    passed++;
-  } else {
-    failed++;
-  }
-
-  std::cout << std::endl;
-  std::cout << "Results: " << passed << " passed, " << failed << " failed"
-            << std::endl;
-
-  return failed > 0 ? 1 : 0;
+int main()
+{
+	std::cout << "=== starpc C++ E2E Tests ===" << std::endl;
+
+	EchoServer server;
+	starpc::Error err = server.Register();
+	if (err != starpc::Error::OK) {
+		Fail("register", err);
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	const std::pair<const char *, bool (*)(starpc::Mux *)> tests[] = {
+		{"Unary", TestUnary},
+		{"ServerStream", TestServerStream},
+		{"ClientStream", TestClientStream},
+		{"BidiStream", TestBidiStream},
+		{"DoNothing", TestDoNothing},
+		{"RpcStream", TestRpcStream},
+	};
+
+	int passed = 0;
+	int failed = 0;
+	for (const auto &[name, test] : tests) {
+		std::cout << "Testing " << name << " RPC... " << std::flush;
+		if (test(server.mux.get())) {
+			std::cout << "PASSED" << std::endl;
+			passed++;
+		} else {
+			failed++;
+		}
+	}
+
+	std::cout << std::endl;
+	std::cout << "Results: " << passed << " passed, " << failed << " failed"
+		  << std::endl;
+	return failed > 0 ? 1 : 0;
 }