solidity-scale-codec 2.1.1 → 2.1.2

package/src/Xcm/v5/Instruction/InstructionCodec.sol

@@ -1,1246 +1,1295 @@
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-pragma solidity ^0.8.28;
-
-import {AliasOriginParams, BurnAssetParams, BuyExecutionParams, ClaimAssetParams, DepositAssetParams, DepositReserveAssetParams, DescendOriginParams, ExecuteWithOriginParams, ExchangeAssetParams, ExpectAssetParams, ExpectErrorParams, ExpectOriginParams, ExpectPalletParams, ExpectTransactStatusParams, ExportMessageParams, HrmpChannelAcceptedParams, HrmpChannelClosingParams, HrmpNewChannelOpenRequestParams, InitiateReserveWithdrawParams, InitiateTeleportParams, InitiateTransferParams, Instruction, InstructionVariant, LockAssetParams, NoteUnlockableParams, PayFeesParams, QueryPalletParams, QueryResponseParams, ReceiveTeleportedAssetParams, ReportErrorParams, ReportHoldingParams, ReportTransactStatusParams, RequestUnlockParams, ReserveAssetDepositedParams, SetAppendixParams, SetErrorHandlerParams, SetFeesModeParams, SetHintsParams, SetTopicParams, SubscribeVersionParams, TransactParams, TransferAssetParams, TransferReserveAssetParams, TrapParams, UnlockAssetParams, UniversalOriginParams, UnpaidExecutionParams, WithdrawAssetParams} from "./Instruction.sol";
-import {AssetTransferFilter} from "../AssetTransferFilter/AssetTransferFilter.sol";
-import {Hint} from "../Hint/Hint.sol";
-import {QueryId} from "../Types/QueryId.sol";
-import {AssetsCodec} from "../Assets/AssetsCodec.sol";
-import {AssetCodec} from "../Asset/AssetCodec.sol";
-import {LocationCodec} from "../Location/LocationCodec.sol";
-import {JunctionsCodec} from "../Junctions/JunctionsCodec.sol";
-import {JunctionCodec} from "../Junction/JunctionCodec.sol";
-import {AssetFilterCodec} from "../AssetFilter/AssetFilterCodec.sol";
-import {AssetTransferFilterCodec} from "../AssetTransferFilter/AssetTransferFilterCodec.sol";
-import {QueryResponseInfoCodec} from "../QueryResponseInfo/QueryResponseInfoCodec.sol";
-import {ResponseCodec} from "../Response/ResponseCodec.sol";
-import {XcmErrorCodec} from "../XcmError/XcmErrorCodec.sol";
-import {NetworkIdCodec} from "../NetworkId/NetworkIdCodec.sol";
-import {OriginKindCodec} from "../OriginKind/OriginKindCodec.sol";
-import {WeightCodec} from "../Weight/WeightCodec.sol";
-import {WeightLimitCodec} from "../WeightLimit/WeightLimitCodec.sol";
-import {HintCodec} from "../Hint/HintCodec.sol";
-import {MaybeErrorCodeCodec} from "../../v3/MaybeErrorCode/MaybeErrorCodeCodec.sol";
-import {MAX_ASSET_TRANSFER_FILTERS, HINT_NUM_VARIANTS} from "../Constants.sol";
-
-import {Compact} from "../../../Scale/Compact.sol";
-import {Bool} from "../../../Scale/Bool/Bool.sol";
-import {Bytes32} from "../../../Scale/Bytes/Bytes32.sol";
-import {Bytes} from "../../../Scale/Bytes/Bytes.sol";
-
-import {BytesUtils} from "../../../Utils/BytesUtils.sol";
-import {UnsignedUtils} from "../../../Utils/UnsignedUtils.sol";
-
-/// @title SCALE Codec for XCM v5 `Instruction`
-/// @notice SCALE-compliant encoder/decoder for the `Instruction` type.
-/// @dev SCALE reference: https://docs.polkadot.com/polkadot-protocol/basics/data-encoding
-/// @dev XCM v5 reference: https://paritytech.github.io/polkadot-sdk/master/staging_xcm/v5/index.html
-library InstructionCodec {
-    error InvalidInstructionLength();
-    error InvalidInstructionVariant(uint8 variant);
-    error InvalidInstructionPayload();
-
-    /// @notice Encodes an `Instruction` into SCALE bytes.
-    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to encode.
-    /// @return SCALE-encoded bytes representing the instruction.
-    function encode(
-        Instruction memory instruction
-    ) internal pure returns (bytes memory) {
-        return
-            abi.encodePacked(uint8(instruction.variant), instruction.payload);
-    }
-
-    /// @notice Returns the number of bytes that an `Instruction` occupies when SCALE-encoded.
-    /// @param data The byte sequence containing the encoded instruction.
-    /// @param offset The starting index in `data` from which to calculate the encoded size.
-    /// @return The number of bytes occupied by the encoded instruction.
-    function encodedSizeAt(
-        bytes memory data,
-        uint256 offset
-    ) internal pure returns (uint256) {
-        if (data.length < offset + 1) revert InvalidInstructionLength();
-
-        uint8 variantRaw = uint8(data[offset]);
-        if (variantRaw > uint8(type(InstructionVariant).max)) {
-            revert InvalidInstructionVariant(variantRaw);
-        }
-
-        InstructionVariant variant = InstructionVariant(variantRaw);
-        uint256 pos = offset + 1;
-
-        if (
-            variant == InstructionVariant.WithdrawAsset ||
-            variant == InstructionVariant.ReserveAssetDeposited ||
-            variant == InstructionVariant.ReceiveTeleportedAsset ||
-            variant == InstructionVariant.BurnAsset ||
-            variant == InstructionVariant.ExpectAsset
-        ) {
-            pos += AssetsCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
-        } else if (variant == InstructionVariant.QueryResponse) {
-            pos += Compact.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
-            pos += ResponseCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
-            pos += WeightCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
-            bool hasQuerier = Bool.decodeAt(data, pos);
-            pos += 1;
-            if (hasQuerier) {
-                pos += LocationCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
-            }
-        } else if (variant == InstructionVariant.TransferAsset) {
-            pos += AssetsCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
-            pos += LocationCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
-        } else if (
-            variant == InstructionVariant.TransferReserveAsset ||
-            variant == InstructionVariant.DepositReserveAsset ||
-            variant == InstructionVariant.InitiateReserveWithdraw ||
-            variant == InstructionVariant.InitiateTeleport
-        ) {
-            if (variant == InstructionVariant.TransferReserveAsset) {
-                pos += AssetsCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
-                pos += LocationCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
-            } else {
-                pos += AssetFilterCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
-                pos += LocationCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
-            }
-            pos += _xcmEncodedSizeAt(data, pos);
-        } else if (variant == InstructionVariant.Transact) {
-            pos += OriginKindCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
-            bool hasFallbackMaxWeight = Bool.decodeAt(data, pos);
-            pos += 1;
-            if (hasFallbackMaxWeight) {
-                pos += WeightCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
-            }
-            pos += Bytes.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
-        } else if (variant == InstructionVariant.HrmpNewChannelOpenRequest) {
-            pos += Compact.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
-            pos += Compact.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
-            pos += Compact.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
-        } else if (variant == InstructionVariant.HrmpChannelAccepted) {
-            pos += Compact.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
-        } else if (variant == InstructionVariant.HrmpChannelClosing) {
-            pos += Compact.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
-            pos += Compact.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
-            pos += Compact.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
-        } else if (
-            variant == InstructionVariant.ClearOrigin ||
-            variant == InstructionVariant.RefundSurplus ||
-            variant == InstructionVariant.ClearError ||
-            variant == InstructionVariant.UnsubscribeVersion ||
-            variant == InstructionVariant.ClearTransactStatus ||
-            variant == InstructionVariant.ClearTopic
-        ) {
-            // no payload
-            return pos - offset;
-        } else if (variant == InstructionVariant.DescendOrigin) {
-            pos += JunctionsCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
-        } else if (
-            variant == InstructionVariant.ReportError ||
-            variant == InstructionVariant.ReportTransactStatus
-        ) {
-            pos += QueryResponseInfoCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
-        } else if (variant == InstructionVariant.DepositAsset) {
-            pos += AssetFilterCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
-            pos += LocationCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
-        } else if (variant == InstructionVariant.ExchangeAsset) {
-            pos += AssetFilterCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
-            pos += AssetsCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
-            pos += 1;
-        } else if (variant == InstructionVariant.ReportHolding) {
-            pos += QueryResponseInfoCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
-            pos += AssetFilterCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
-        } else if (variant == InstructionVariant.BuyExecution) {
-            pos += AssetCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
-            pos += WeightLimitCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
-        } else if (
-            variant == InstructionVariant.SetErrorHandler ||
-            variant == InstructionVariant.SetAppendix
-        ) {
-            pos += _xcmEncodedSizeAt(data, pos);
-        } else if (variant == InstructionVariant.ClaimAsset) {
-            pos += AssetsCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
-            pos += LocationCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
-        } else if (variant == InstructionVariant.Trap) {
-            pos += Compact.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
-        } else if (variant == InstructionVariant.SubscribeVersion) {
-            pos += Compact.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
-            pos += WeightCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
-        } else if (variant == InstructionVariant.ExpectOrigin) {
-            bool hasOrigin = Bool.decodeAt(data, pos);
-            pos += 1;
-            if (hasOrigin) {
-                pos += LocationCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
-            }
-        } else if (variant == InstructionVariant.ExpectError) {
-            bool hasError = Bool.decodeAt(data, pos);
-            pos += 1;
-            if (hasError) {
-                pos += Compact.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
-                pos += XcmErrorCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
-            }
-        } else if (variant == InstructionVariant.ExpectTransactStatus) {
-            pos += MaybeErrorCodeCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
-        } else if (variant == InstructionVariant.QueryPallet) {
-            pos += Bytes.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
-            pos += QueryResponseInfoCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
-        } else if (variant == InstructionVariant.ExpectPallet) {
-            pos += Compact.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
-            pos += Bytes.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
-            pos += Bytes.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
-            pos += Compact.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
-            pos += Compact.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
-        } else if (variant == InstructionVariant.UniversalOrigin) {
-            pos += JunctionCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
-        } else if (variant == InstructionVariant.ExportMessage) {
-            pos += NetworkIdCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
-            pos += JunctionsCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
-            pos += _xcmEncodedSizeAt(data, pos);
-        } else if (
-            variant == InstructionVariant.LockAsset ||
-            variant == InstructionVariant.UnlockAsset ||
-            variant == InstructionVariant.NoteUnlockable ||
-            variant == InstructionVariant.RequestUnlock
-        ) {
-            pos += AssetCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
-            pos += LocationCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
-        } else if (variant == InstructionVariant.SetFeesMode) {
-            pos += 1;
-        } else if (variant == InstructionVariant.SetTopic) {
-            if (data.length < pos + 32) revert InvalidInstructionPayload();
-            pos += 32;
-        } else if (variant == InstructionVariant.AliasOrigin) {
-            pos += LocationCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
-        } else if (variant == InstructionVariant.UnpaidExecution) {
-            pos += WeightLimitCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
-            bool hasCheckOrigin = Bool.decodeAt(data, pos);
-            pos += 1;
-            if (hasCheckOrigin) {
-                pos += LocationCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
-            }
-        } else if (variant == InstructionVariant.PayFees) {
-            pos += AssetCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
-        } else if (variant == InstructionVariant.InitiateTransfer) {
-            pos += LocationCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
-            bool hasRemoteFees = Bool.decodeAt(data, pos);
-            pos += 1;
-            if (hasRemoteFees) {
-                pos += AssetTransferFilterCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
-            }
-            pos += 1; // preserveOrigin bool
-            (uint256 assetsCount, uint256 assetsCountBytes) = Compact.decodeAt(
-                data,
-                pos
-            );
-            if (assetsCount > MAX_ASSET_TRANSFER_FILTERS) {
-                revert InvalidInstructionPayload();
-            }
-            pos += assetsCountBytes;
-            for (uint256 i = 0; i < assetsCount; ++i) {
-                pos += AssetTransferFilterCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
-            }
-            (uint256 remoteXcmLen, uint256 remoteXcmLenBytes) = Compact
-                .decodeAt(data, pos);
-            pos += remoteXcmLenBytes;
-            if (data.length < pos + remoteXcmLen)
-                revert InvalidInstructionPayload();
-            pos += remoteXcmLen;
-        } else if (variant == InstructionVariant.ExecuteWithOrigin) {
-            bool hasDescendantOrigin = Bool.decodeAt(data, pos);
-            pos += 1;
-            if (hasDescendantOrigin) {
-                pos += JunctionsCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
-            }
-            pos += _xcmEncodedSizeAt(data, pos);
-        } else if (variant == InstructionVariant.SetHints) {
-            (uint256 hintsCount, uint256 hintsCountBytes) = Compact.decodeAt(
-                data,
-                pos
-            );
-            if (hintsCount > HINT_NUM_VARIANTS) {
-                revert InvalidInstructionPayload();
-            }
-            pos += hintsCountBytes;
-            for (uint256 i = 0; i < hintsCount; ++i) {
-                pos += HintCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
-            }
-        }
-
-        return pos - offset;
-    }
-
-    /// @notice Decodes an `Instruction` from SCALE bytes starting at the beginning.
-    /// @param data The byte sequence containing the encoded instruction.
-    /// @return instruction The decoded `Instruction` struct.
-    /// @return bytesRead The number of bytes read.
-    function decode(
-        bytes memory data
-    )
-        internal
-        pure
-        returns (Instruction memory instruction, uint256 bytesRead)
-    {
-        return decodeAt(data, 0);
-    }
-
-    /// @notice Decodes an `Instruction` from SCALE bytes starting at a given offset.
-    /// @param data The byte sequence containing the encoded instruction.
-    /// @param offset The starting index in `data` from which to decode.
-    /// @return instruction The decoded `Instruction` struct.
-    /// @return bytesRead The number of bytes read.
-    function decodeAt(
-        bytes memory data,
-        uint256 offset
-    )
-        internal
-        pure
-        returns (Instruction memory instruction, uint256 bytesRead)
-    {
-        uint256 size = encodedSizeAt(data, offset);
-        uint8 variantRaw = uint8(data[offset]);
-        uint256 payloadLength = size - 1;
-        bytes memory payload = BytesUtils.copy(data, offset + 1, payloadLength);
-        instruction = Instruction({
-            variant: InstructionVariant(variantRaw),
-            payload: payload
-        });
-        bytesRead = size;
-    }
-
-    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `WithdrawAssetParams` from a `WithdrawAsset` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `WithdrawAsset`.
-    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `WithdrawAsset`.
-    /// @return params The decoded `WithdrawAssetParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
-    function asWithdrawAsset(
-        Instruction memory instruction
-    ) internal pure returns (WithdrawAssetParams memory params) {
-        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.WithdrawAsset);
-        uint256 bytesRead;
-        (params.assets, bytesRead) = AssetsCodec.decode(instruction.payload);
-    }
-
-    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `ReserveAssetDepositedParams` from a `ReserveAssetDeposited` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `ReserveAssetDeposited`.
-    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `ReserveAssetDeposited`.
-    /// @return params The decoded `ReserveAssetDepositedParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
-    function asReserveAssetDeposited(
-        Instruction memory instruction
-    ) internal pure returns (ReserveAssetDepositedParams memory params) {
-        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.ReserveAssetDeposited);
-        uint256 bytesRead;
-        (params.assets, bytesRead) = AssetsCodec.decode(instruction.payload);
-    }
-
-    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `ReceiveTeleportedAssetParams` from a `ReceiveTeleportedAsset` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `ReceiveTeleportedAsset`.
-    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `ReceiveTeleportedAsset`.
-    /// @return params The decoded `ReceiveTeleportedAssetParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
-    function asReceiveTeleportedAsset(
-        Instruction memory instruction
-    ) internal pure returns (ReceiveTeleportedAssetParams memory params) {
-        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.ReceiveTeleportedAsset);
-        uint256 bytesRead;
-        (params.assets, bytesRead) = AssetsCodec.decode(instruction.payload);
-    }
-
-    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `QueryResponseParams` from a `QueryResponse` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `QueryResponse`.
-    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `QueryResponse`.
-    /// @return params The decoded `QueryResponseParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
-    function asQueryResponse(
-        Instruction memory instruction
-    ) internal pure returns (QueryResponseParams memory params) {
-        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.QueryResponse);
-        bytes memory payload = instruction.payload;
-        uint256 pos;
-        uint256 bytesRead;
-        uint256 queryIdRaw;
-
-        (queryIdRaw, bytesRead) = Compact.decodeAt(payload, pos);
-        params.queryId = QueryId.wrap(UnsignedUtils.toU64(queryIdRaw));
-        pos += bytesRead;
-
-        (params.response, bytesRead) = ResponseCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
-        pos += bytesRead;
-
-        (params.maxWeight, bytesRead) = WeightCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
-        pos += bytesRead;
-
-        params.hasQuerier = Bool.decodeAt(payload, pos);
-        pos += 1;
-
-        if (params.hasQuerier) {
-            (params.querier, bytesRead) = LocationCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
-            pos += bytesRead;
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `TransferAssetParams` from a `TransferAsset` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `TransferAsset`.
-    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `TransferAsset`.
-    /// @return params The decoded `TransferAssetParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
-    function asTransferAsset(
-        Instruction memory instruction
-    ) internal pure returns (TransferAssetParams memory params) {
-        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.TransferAsset);
-        bytes memory payload = instruction.payload;
-        uint256 pos;
-        uint256 bytesRead;
-
-        (params.assets, bytesRead) = AssetsCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
-        pos += bytesRead;
-
-        (params.beneficiary, bytesRead) = LocationCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
-        pos += bytesRead;
-    }
-
-    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `TransferReserveAssetParams` from a `TransferReserveAsset` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `TransferReserveAsset`.
-    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `TransferReserveAsset`.
-    /// @return params The decoded `TransferReserveAssetParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
-    function asTransferReserveAsset(
-        Instruction memory instruction
-    ) internal pure returns (TransferReserveAssetParams memory params) {
-        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.TransferReserveAsset);
-        bytes memory payload = instruction.payload;
-        uint256 pos;
-        uint256 bytesRead;
-
-        (params.assets, bytesRead) = AssetsCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
-        pos += bytesRead;
-
-        (params.dest, bytesRead) = LocationCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
-        pos += bytesRead;
-
-        (params.xcm, pos) = _decodeXcmAt(payload, pos);
-    }
-
-    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `TransactParams` from a `Transact` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `Transact`.
-    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `Transact`.
-    /// @return params The decoded `TransactParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
-    function asTransact(
-        Instruction memory instruction
-    ) internal pure returns (TransactParams memory params) {
-        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.Transact);
-        bytes memory payload = instruction.payload;
-        uint256 pos;
-        uint256 bytesRead;
-
-        (params.originKind, bytesRead) = OriginKindCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
-        pos += bytesRead;
-
-        params.hasFallbackMaxWeight = Bool.decodeAt(payload, pos);
-        pos += 1;
-
-        if (params.hasFallbackMaxWeight) {
-            (params.fallbackMaxWeight, bytesRead) = WeightCodec.decodeAt(
-                payload,
-                pos
-            );
-            pos += bytesRead;
-        }
-
-        (params.call, bytesRead) = Bytes.decodeAt(payload, pos);
-        pos += bytesRead;
-    }
-
-    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `HrmpNewChannelOpenRequestParams` from a `HrmpNewChannelOpenRequest` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `HrmpNewChannelOpenRequest`.
-    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `HrmpNewChannelOpenRequest`.
-    /// @return params The decoded `HrmpNewChannelOpenRequestParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
-    function asHrmpNewChannelOpenRequest(
-        Instruction memory instruction
-    ) internal pure returns (HrmpNewChannelOpenRequestParams memory params) {
-        _assertVariant(
-            instruction,
-            InstructionVariant.HrmpNewChannelOpenRequest
-        );
-        bytes memory payload = instruction.payload;
-        uint256 pos;
-        uint256 bytesRead;
-        uint256 value;
-
-        (value, bytesRead) = Compact.decodeAt(payload, pos);
-        params.sender = UnsignedUtils.toU32(value);
-        pos += bytesRead;
-
-        (value, bytesRead) = Compact.decodeAt(payload, pos);
-        params.maxMessageSize = UnsignedUtils.toU32(value);
-        pos += bytesRead;
-
-        (value, bytesRead) = Compact.decodeAt(payload, pos);
-        params.maxCapacity = UnsignedUtils.toU32(value);
-        pos += bytesRead;
-    }
-
-    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `HrmpChannelAcceptedParams` from a `HrmpChannelAccepted` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `HrmpChannelAccepted`.
-    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `HrmpChannelAccepted`.
-    /// @return params The decoded `HrmpChannelAcceptedParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
-    function asHrmpChannelAccepted(
-        Instruction memory instruction
-    ) internal pure returns (HrmpChannelAcceptedParams memory params) {
-        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.HrmpChannelAccepted);
-        uint256 value;
-        uint256 bytesRead;
-        (value, bytesRead) = Compact.decode(instruction.payload);
-        params.recipient = UnsignedUtils.toU32(value);
-    }
-
-    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `HrmpChannelClosingParams` from a `HrmpChannelClosing` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `HrmpChannelClosing`.
-    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `HrmpChannelClosing`.
-    /// @return params The decoded `HrmpChannelClosingParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
-    function asHrmpChannelClosing(
-        Instruction memory instruction
-    ) internal pure returns (HrmpChannelClosingParams memory params) {
-        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.HrmpChannelClosing);
-        bytes memory payload = instruction.payload;
-        uint256 pos;
-        uint256 bytesRead;
-        uint256 value;
-
-        (value, bytesRead) = Compact.decodeAt(payload, pos);
-        params.initiator = UnsignedUtils.toU32(value);
-        pos += bytesRead;
-
-        (value, bytesRead) = Compact.decodeAt(payload, pos);
-        params.sender = UnsignedUtils.toU32(value);
-        pos += bytesRead;
-
-        (value, bytesRead) = Compact.decodeAt(payload, pos);
-        params.recipient = UnsignedUtils.toU32(value);
-        pos += bytesRead;
-    }
-
-    /// @notice Validates a `ClearOrigin` instruction payload. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `ClearOrigin` or the payload is invalid.
-    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to validate, which must have type `ClearOrigin`.
-    function asClearOrigin(Instruction memory instruction) internal pure {
-        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.ClearOrigin);
-        if (instruction.payload.length != 0) revert InvalidInstructionPayload();
-    }
-
-    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `DescendOriginParams` from a `DescendOrigin` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `DescendOrigin`.
-    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `DescendOrigin`.
-    /// @return params The decoded `DescendOriginParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
-    function asDescendOrigin(
-        Instruction memory instruction
-    ) internal pure returns (DescendOriginParams memory params) {
-        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.DescendOrigin);
-        uint256 bytesRead;
-        (params.interior, bytesRead) = JunctionsCodec.decode(
-            instruction.payload
-        );
-    }
-
-    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `ReportErrorParams` from a `ReportError` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `ReportError`.
-    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `ReportError`.
-    /// @return params The decoded `ReportErrorParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
-    function asReportError(
-        Instruction memory instruction
-    ) internal pure returns (ReportErrorParams memory params) {
-        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.ReportError);
-        uint256 bytesRead;
-        (params.responseInfo, bytesRead) = QueryResponseInfoCodec.decode(
-            instruction.payload
-        );
-    }
-
-    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `DepositAssetParams` from a `DepositAsset` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `DepositAsset`.
-    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `DepositAsset`.
-    /// @return params The decoded `DepositAssetParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
-    function asDepositAsset(
-        Instruction memory instruction
-    ) internal pure returns (DepositAssetParams memory params) {
-        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.DepositAsset);
-        bytes memory payload = instruction.payload;
-        uint256 pos;
-        uint256 bytesRead;
-
-        (params.assets, bytesRead) = AssetFilterCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
-        pos += bytesRead;
-
-        (params.beneficiary, bytesRead) = LocationCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
-        pos += bytesRead;
-    }
-
-    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `DepositReserveAssetParams` from a `DepositReserveAsset` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `DepositReserveAsset`.
-    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `DepositReserveAsset`.
-    /// @return params The decoded `DepositReserveAssetParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
-    function asDepositReserveAsset(
-        Instruction memory instruction
-    ) internal pure returns (DepositReserveAssetParams memory params) {
-        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.DepositReserveAsset);
-        bytes memory payload = instruction.payload;
-        uint256 pos;
-        uint256 bytesRead;
-
-        (params.assets, bytesRead) = AssetFilterCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
-        pos += bytesRead;
-
-        (params.dest, bytesRead) = LocationCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
-        pos += bytesRead;
-
-        (params.xcm, pos) = _decodeXcmAt(payload, pos);
-    }
-
-    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `ExchangeAssetParams` from a `ExchangeAsset` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `ExchangeAsset`.
-    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `ExchangeAsset`.
-    /// @return params The decoded `ExchangeAssetParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
-    function asExchangeAsset(
-        Instruction memory instruction
-    ) internal pure returns (ExchangeAssetParams memory params) {
-        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.ExchangeAsset);
-        bytes memory payload = instruction.payload;
-        uint256 pos;
-        uint256 bytesRead;
-
-        (params.give, bytesRead) = AssetFilterCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
-        pos += bytesRead;
-
-        (params.want, bytesRead) = AssetsCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
-        pos += bytesRead;
-
-        params.maximal = Bool.decodeAt(payload, pos);
-        pos += 1;
-    }
-
-    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `InitiateReserveWithdrawParams` from a `InitiateReserveWithdraw` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `InitiateReserveWithdraw`.
-    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `InitiateReserveWithdraw`.
-    /// @return params The decoded `InitiateReserveWithdrawParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
-    function asInitiateReserveWithdraw(
-        Instruction memory instruction
-    ) internal pure returns (InitiateReserveWithdrawParams memory params) {
-        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.InitiateReserveWithdraw);
-        bytes memory payload = instruction.payload;
-        uint256 pos;
-        uint256 bytesRead;
-
-        (params.assets, bytesRead) = AssetFilterCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
-        pos += bytesRead;
-
-        (params.reserve, bytesRead) = LocationCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
-        pos += bytesRead;
-
-        (params.xcm, pos) = _decodeXcmAt(payload, pos);
-    }
-
-    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `InitiateTeleportParams` from a `InitiateTeleport` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `InitiateTeleport`.
-    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `InitiateTeleport`.
-    /// @return params The decoded `InitiateTeleportParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
-    function asInitiateTeleport(
-        Instruction memory instruction
-    ) internal pure returns (InitiateTeleportParams memory params) {
-        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.InitiateTeleport);
-        bytes memory payload = instruction.payload;
-        uint256 pos;
-        uint256 bytesRead;
-
-        (params.assets, bytesRead) = AssetFilterCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
-        pos += bytesRead;
-
-        (params.dest, bytesRead) = LocationCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
-        pos += bytesRead;
-
-        (params.xcm, pos) = _decodeXcmAt(payload, pos);
-    }
-
-    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `ReportHoldingParams` from a `ReportHolding` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `ReportHolding`.
-    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `ReportHolding`.
-    /// @return params The decoded `ReportHoldingParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
-    function asReportHolding(
-        Instruction memory instruction
-    ) internal pure returns (ReportHoldingParams memory params) {
-        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.ReportHolding);
-        bytes memory payload = instruction.payload;
-        uint256 pos;
-        uint256 bytesRead;
-
-        (params.responseInfo, bytesRead) = QueryResponseInfoCodec.decodeAt(
-            payload,
-            pos
-        );
-        pos += bytesRead;
-
-        (params.assets, bytesRead) = AssetFilterCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
-        pos += bytesRead;
-    }
-
-    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `BuyExecutionParams` from a `BuyExecution` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `BuyExecution`.
-    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `BuyExecution`.
-    /// @return params The decoded `BuyExecutionParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
-    function asBuyExecution(
-        Instruction memory instruction
-    ) internal pure returns (BuyExecutionParams memory params) {
-        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.BuyExecution);
-        bytes memory payload = instruction.payload;
-        uint256 pos;
-        uint256 bytesRead;
-
-        (params.fees, bytesRead) = AssetCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
-        pos += bytesRead;
-
-        (params.weightLimit, bytesRead) = WeightLimitCodec.decodeAt(
-            payload,
-            pos
-        );
-        pos += bytesRead;
-    }
-
-    /// @notice Validates a `RefundSurplus` instruction payload. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `RefundSurplus` or the payload is invalid.
-    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to validate, which must have type `RefundSurplus`.
-    function asRefundSurplus(Instruction memory instruction) internal pure {
-        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.RefundSurplus);
-        if (instruction.payload.length != 0) revert InvalidInstructionPayload();
-    }
-
-    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `SetErrorHandlerParams` from a `SetErrorHandler` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `SetErrorHandler`.
-    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `SetErrorHandler`.
-    /// @return params The decoded `SetErrorHandlerParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
-    function asSetErrorHandler(
-        Instruction memory instruction
-    ) internal pure returns (SetErrorHandlerParams memory params) {
-        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.SetErrorHandler);
-        (params.xcm, ) = _decodeXcmAt(instruction.payload, 0);
-    }
-
-    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `SetAppendixParams` from a `SetAppendix` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `SetAppendix`.
-    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `SetAppendix`.
-    /// @return params The decoded `SetAppendixParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
-    function asSetAppendix(
-        Instruction memory instruction
-    ) internal pure returns (SetAppendixParams memory params) {
-        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.SetAppendix);
-        (params.xcm, ) = _decodeXcmAt(instruction.payload, 0);
-    }
-
-    /// @notice Validates a `ClearError` instruction payload. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `ClearError` or the payload is invalid.
-    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to validate, which must have type `ClearError`.
-    function asClearError(Instruction memory instruction) internal pure {
-        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.ClearError);
-        if (instruction.payload.length != 0) revert InvalidInstructionPayload();
-    }
-
-    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `ClaimAssetParams` from a `ClaimAsset` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `ClaimAsset`.
-    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `ClaimAsset`.
-    /// @return params The decoded `ClaimAssetParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
-    function asClaimAsset(
-        Instruction memory instruction
-    ) internal pure returns (ClaimAssetParams memory params) {
-        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.ClaimAsset);
-        bytes memory payload = instruction.payload;
-        uint256 pos;
-        uint256 bytesRead;
-
-        (params.assets, bytesRead) = AssetsCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
-        pos += bytesRead;
-
-        (params.ticket, bytesRead) = LocationCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
-        pos += bytesRead;
-    }
-
-    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `TrapParams` from a `Trap` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `Trap`.
-    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `Trap`.
-    /// @return params The decoded `TrapParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
-    function asTrap(
-        Instruction memory instruction
-    ) internal pure returns (TrapParams memory params) {
-        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.Trap);
-        uint256 value;
-        uint256 bytesRead;
-        (value, bytesRead) = Compact.decode(instruction.payload);
-        params.code = UnsignedUtils.toU64(value);
-    }
-
-    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `SubscribeVersionParams` from a `SubscribeVersion` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `SubscribeVersion`.
-    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `SubscribeVersion`.
-    /// @return params The decoded `SubscribeVersionParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
-    function asSubscribeVersion(
-        Instruction memory instruction
-    ) internal pure returns (SubscribeVersionParams memory params) {
-        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.SubscribeVersion);
-        bytes memory payload = instruction.payload;
-        uint256 pos;
-        uint256 bytesRead;
-        uint256 queryIdRaw;
-
-        (queryIdRaw, bytesRead) = Compact.decodeAt(payload, pos);
-        params.queryId = QueryId.wrap(UnsignedUtils.toU64(queryIdRaw));
-        pos += bytesRead;
-
-        (params.maxResponseWeight, bytesRead) = WeightCodec.decodeAt(
-            payload,
-            pos
-        );
-        pos += bytesRead;
-    }
-
-    /// @notice Validates a `UnsubscribeVersion` instruction payload. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `UnsubscribeVersion` or the payload is invalid.
-    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to validate, which must have type `UnsubscribeVersion`.
-    function asUnsubscribeVersion(
-        Instruction memory instruction
-    ) internal pure {
-        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.UnsubscribeVersion);
-        if (instruction.payload.length != 0) revert InvalidInstructionPayload();
-    }
-
-    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `BurnAssetParams` from a `BurnAsset` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `BurnAsset`.
-    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `BurnAsset`.
-    /// @return params The decoded `BurnAssetParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
-    function asBurnAsset(
-        Instruction memory instruction
-    ) internal pure returns (BurnAssetParams memory params) {
-        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.BurnAsset);
-        uint256 bytesRead;
-        (params.assets, bytesRead) = AssetsCodec.decode(instruction.payload);
-    }
-
-    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `ExpectAssetParams` from a `ExpectAsset` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `ExpectAsset`.
-    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `ExpectAsset`.
-    /// @return params The decoded `ExpectAssetParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
-    function asExpectAsset(
-        Instruction memory instruction
-    ) internal pure returns (ExpectAssetParams memory params) {
-        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.ExpectAsset);
-        uint256 bytesRead;
-        (params.assets, bytesRead) = AssetsCodec.decode(instruction.payload);
-    }
-
-    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `ExpectOriginParams` from a `ExpectOrigin` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `ExpectOrigin`.
-    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `ExpectOrigin`.
-    /// @return params The decoded `ExpectOriginParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
-    function asExpectOrigin(
-        Instruction memory instruction
-    ) internal pure returns (ExpectOriginParams memory params) {
-        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.ExpectOrigin);
-        bytes memory payload = instruction.payload;
-        uint256 pos;
-        uint256 bytesRead;
-
-        params.hasOrigin = Bool.decodeAt(payload, pos);
-        pos += 1;
-
-        if (params.hasOrigin) {
-            (params.origin, bytesRead) = LocationCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
-            pos += bytesRead;
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `ExpectErrorParams` from a `ExpectError` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `ExpectError`.
-    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `ExpectError`.
-    /// @return params The decoded `ExpectErrorParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
-    function asExpectError(
-        Instruction memory instruction
-    ) internal pure returns (ExpectErrorParams memory params) {
-        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.ExpectError);
-        bytes memory payload = instruction.payload;
-        uint256 pos;
-        uint256 bytesRead;
-        uint256 value;
-
-        params.hasError = Bool.decodeAt(payload, pos);
-        pos += 1;
-
-        if (params.hasError) {
-            (value, bytesRead) = Compact.decodeAt(payload, pos);
-            params.index = UnsignedUtils.toU32(value);
-            pos += bytesRead;
-
-            (params.err, bytesRead) = XcmErrorCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
-            pos += bytesRead;
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `ExpectTransactStatusParams` from a `ExpectTransactStatus` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `ExpectTransactStatus`.
-    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `ExpectTransactStatus`.
-    /// @return params The decoded `ExpectTransactStatusParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
-    function asExpectTransactStatus(
-        Instruction memory instruction
-    ) internal pure returns (ExpectTransactStatusParams memory params) {
-        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.ExpectTransactStatus);
-        uint256 bytesRead;
-        (params.transactStatus, bytesRead) = MaybeErrorCodeCodec.decode(
-            instruction.payload
-        );
-    }
-
-    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `QueryPalletParams` from a `QueryPallet` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `QueryPallet`.
-    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `QueryPallet`.
-    /// @return params The decoded `QueryPalletParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
-    function asQueryPallet(
-        Instruction memory instruction
-    ) internal pure returns (QueryPalletParams memory params) {
-        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.QueryPallet);
-        bytes memory payload = instruction.payload;
-        uint256 pos;
-        uint256 bytesRead;
-
-        (params.moduleName, bytesRead) = Bytes.decodeAt(payload, pos);
-        pos += bytesRead;
-
-        (params.responseInfo, bytesRead) = QueryResponseInfoCodec.decodeAt(
-            payload,
-            pos
-        );
-        pos += bytesRead;
-    }
-
-    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `ExpectPalletParams` from a `ExpectPallet` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `ExpectPallet`.
-    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `ExpectPallet`.
-    /// @return params The decoded `ExpectPalletParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
-    function asExpectPallet(
-        Instruction memory instruction
-    ) internal pure returns (ExpectPalletParams memory params) {
-        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.ExpectPallet);
-        bytes memory payload = instruction.payload;
-        uint256 pos;
-        uint256 bytesRead;
-        uint256 value;
-
-        (value, bytesRead) = Compact.decodeAt(payload, pos);
-        params.index = UnsignedUtils.toU32(value);
-        pos += bytesRead;
-
-        (params.name, bytesRead) = Bytes.decodeAt(payload, pos);
-        pos += bytesRead;
-
-        (params.moduleName, bytesRead) = Bytes.decodeAt(payload, pos);
-        pos += bytesRead;
-
-        (value, bytesRead) = Compact.decodeAt(payload, pos);
-        params.crateMajor = UnsignedUtils.toU32(value);
-        pos += bytesRead;
-
-        (value, bytesRead) = Compact.decodeAt(payload, pos);
-        params.minCrateMinor = UnsignedUtils.toU32(value);
-        pos += bytesRead;
-    }
-
-    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `ReportTransactStatusParams` from a `ReportTransactStatus` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `ReportTransactStatus`.
-    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `ReportTransactStatus`.
-    /// @return params The decoded `ReportTransactStatusParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
-    function asReportTransactStatus(
-        Instruction memory instruction
-    ) internal pure returns (ReportTransactStatusParams memory params) {
-        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.ReportTransactStatus);
-        uint256 bytesRead;
-        (params.responseInfo, bytesRead) = QueryResponseInfoCodec.decode(
-            instruction.payload
-        );
-    }
-
-    /// @notice Validates a `ClearTransactStatus` instruction payload. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `ClearTransactStatus` or the payload is invalid.
-    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to validate, which must have type `ClearTransactStatus`.
-    function asClearTransactStatus(
-        Instruction memory instruction
-    ) internal pure {
-        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.ClearTransactStatus);
-        if (instruction.payload.length != 0) revert InvalidInstructionPayload();
-    }
-
-    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `UniversalOriginParams` from a `UniversalOrigin` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `UniversalOrigin`.
-    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `UniversalOrigin`.
-    /// @return params The decoded `UniversalOriginParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
-    function asUniversalOrigin(
-        Instruction memory instruction
-    ) internal pure returns (UniversalOriginParams memory params) {
-        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.UniversalOrigin);
-        uint256 bytesRead;
-        (params.junction, bytesRead) = JunctionCodec.decode(
-            instruction.payload
-        );
-    }
-
-    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `ExportMessageParams` from a `ExportMessage` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `ExportMessage`.
-    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `ExportMessage`.
-    /// @return params The decoded `ExportMessageParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
-    function asExportMessage(
-        Instruction memory instruction
-    ) internal pure returns (ExportMessageParams memory params) {
-        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.ExportMessage);
-        bytes memory payload = instruction.payload;
-        uint256 pos;
-        uint256 bytesRead;
-
-        (params.network, bytesRead) = NetworkIdCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
-        pos += bytesRead;
-
-        (params.destination, bytesRead) = JunctionsCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
-        pos += bytesRead;
-
-        (params.xcm, pos) = _decodeXcmAt(payload, pos);
-    }
-
-    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `LockAssetParams` from a `LockAsset` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `LockAsset`.
-    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `LockAsset`.
-    /// @return params The decoded `LockAssetParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
-    function asLockAsset(
-        Instruction memory instruction
-    ) internal pure returns (LockAssetParams memory params) {
-        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.LockAsset);
-        bytes memory payload = instruction.payload;
-        uint256 pos;
-        uint256 bytesRead;
-
-        (params.asset, bytesRead) = AssetCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
-        pos += bytesRead;
-
-        (params.unlocker, bytesRead) = LocationCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
-        pos += bytesRead;
-    }
-
-    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `UnlockAssetParams` from a `UnlockAsset` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `UnlockAsset`.
-    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `UnlockAsset`.
-    /// @return params The decoded `UnlockAssetParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
-    function asUnlockAsset(
-        Instruction memory instruction
-    ) internal pure returns (UnlockAssetParams memory params) {
-        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.UnlockAsset);
-        bytes memory payload = instruction.payload;
-        uint256 pos;
-        uint256 bytesRead;
-
-        (params.asset, bytesRead) = AssetCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
-        pos += bytesRead;
-
-        (params.target, bytesRead) = LocationCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
-        pos += bytesRead;
-    }
-
-    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `NoteUnlockableParams` from a `NoteUnlockable` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `NoteUnlockable`.
-    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `NoteUnlockable`.
-    /// @return params The decoded `NoteUnlockableParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
-    function asNoteUnlockable(
-        Instruction memory instruction
-    ) internal pure returns (NoteUnlockableParams memory params) {
-        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.NoteUnlockable);
-        bytes memory payload = instruction.payload;
-        uint256 pos;
-        uint256 bytesRead;
-
-        (params.asset, bytesRead) = AssetCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
-        pos += bytesRead;
-
-        (params.owner, bytesRead) = LocationCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
-        pos += bytesRead;
-    }
-
-    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `RequestUnlockParams` from a `RequestUnlock` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `RequestUnlock`.
-    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `RequestUnlock`.
-    /// @return params The decoded `RequestUnlockParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
-    function asRequestUnlock(
-        Instruction memory instruction
-    ) internal pure returns (RequestUnlockParams memory params) {
-        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.RequestUnlock);
-        bytes memory payload = instruction.payload;
-        uint256 pos;
-        uint256 bytesRead;
-
-        (params.asset, bytesRead) = AssetCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
-        pos += bytesRead;
-
-        (params.locker, bytesRead) = LocationCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
-        pos += bytesRead;
-    }
-
-    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `SetFeesModeParams` from a `SetFeesMode` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `SetFeesMode`.
-    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `SetFeesMode`.
-    /// @return params The decoded `SetFeesModeParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
-    function asSetFeesMode(
-        Instruction memory instruction
-    ) internal pure returns (SetFeesModeParams memory params) {
-        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.SetFeesMode);
-        if (instruction.payload.length != 1) revert InvalidInstructionPayload();
-        params.jitWithdraw = Bool.decode(instruction.payload);
-    }
-
-    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `SetTopicParams` from a `SetTopic` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `SetTopic`.
-    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `SetTopic`.
-    /// @return params The decoded `SetTopicParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
-    function asSetTopic(
-        Instruction memory instruction
-    ) internal pure returns (SetTopicParams memory params) {
-        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.SetTopic);
-        if (instruction.payload.length != 32)
-            revert InvalidInstructionPayload();
-        params.topic = Bytes32.decode(instruction.payload);
-    }
-
-    /// @notice Validates a `ClearTopic` instruction payload. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `ClearTopic` or the payload is invalid.
-    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to validate, which must have type `ClearTopic`.
-    function asClearTopic(Instruction memory instruction) internal pure {
-        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.ClearTopic);
-        if (instruction.payload.length != 0) revert InvalidInstructionPayload();
-    }
-
-    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `AliasOriginParams` from a `AliasOrigin` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `AliasOrigin`.
-    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `AliasOrigin`.
-    /// @return params The decoded `AliasOriginParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
-    function asAliasOrigin(
-        Instruction memory instruction
-    ) internal pure returns (AliasOriginParams memory params) {
-        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.AliasOrigin);
-        uint256 bytesRead;
-        (params.location, bytesRead) = LocationCodec.decode(
-            instruction.payload
-        );
-    }
-
-    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `UnpaidExecutionParams` from a `UnpaidExecution` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `UnpaidExecution`.
-    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `UnpaidExecution`.
-    /// @return params The decoded `UnpaidExecutionParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
-    function asUnpaidExecution(
-        Instruction memory instruction
-    ) internal pure returns (UnpaidExecutionParams memory params) {
-        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.UnpaidExecution);
-        bytes memory payload = instruction.payload;
-        uint256 pos;
-        uint256 bytesRead;
-
-        (params.weightLimit, bytesRead) = WeightLimitCodec.decodeAt(
-            payload,
-            pos
-        );
-        pos += bytesRead;
-
-        params.hasCheckOrigin = Bool.decodeAt(payload, pos);
-        pos += 1;
-
-        if (params.hasCheckOrigin) {
-            (params.checkOrigin, bytesRead) = LocationCodec.decodeAt(
-                payload,
-                pos
-            );
-            pos += bytesRead;
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `PayFeesParams` from a `PayFees` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `PayFees`.
-    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `PayFees`.
-    /// @return params The decoded `PayFeesParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
-    function asPayFees(
-        Instruction memory instruction
-    ) internal pure returns (PayFeesParams memory params) {
-        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.PayFees);
-        uint256 bytesRead;
-        (params.asset, bytesRead) = AssetCodec.decode(instruction.payload);
-    }
-
-    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `InitiateTransferParams` from a `InitiateTransfer` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `InitiateTransfer`.
-    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `InitiateTransfer`.
-    /// @return params The decoded `InitiateTransferParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
-    function asInitiateTransfer(
-        Instruction memory instruction
-    ) internal pure returns (InitiateTransferParams memory params) {
-        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.InitiateTransfer);
-        bytes memory payload = instruction.payload;
-        uint256 pos;
-        uint256 bytesRead;
-        uint256 assetsCount;
-
-        (params.destination, bytesRead) = LocationCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
-        pos += bytesRead;
-
-        params.hasRemoteFees = Bool.decodeAt(payload, pos);
-        pos += 1;
-
-        if (params.hasRemoteFees) {
-            (params.remoteFees, bytesRead) = AssetTransferFilterCodec.decodeAt(
-                payload,
-                pos
-            );
-            pos += bytesRead;
-        }
-
-        params.preserveOrigin = Bool.decodeAt(payload, pos);
-        pos += 1;
-
-        (assetsCount, bytesRead) = Compact.decodeAt(payload, pos);
-        if (assetsCount > MAX_ASSET_TRANSFER_FILTERS) {
-            revert InvalidInstructionPayload();
-        }
-        pos += bytesRead;
-
-        params.assets = new AssetTransferFilter[](assetsCount);
-        for (uint256 i = 0; i < assetsCount; ++i) {
-            (params.assets[i], bytesRead) = AssetTransferFilterCodec.decodeAt(
-                payload,
-                pos
-            );
-            pos += bytesRead;
-        }
-
-        (params.remoteXcm, bytesRead) = Bytes.decodeAt(payload, pos);
-        pos += bytesRead;
-    }
-
-    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `ExecuteWithOriginParams` from a `ExecuteWithOrigin` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `ExecuteWithOrigin`.
-    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `ExecuteWithOrigin`.
-    /// @return params The decoded `ExecuteWithOriginParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
-    function asExecuteWithOrigin(
-        Instruction memory instruction
-    ) internal pure returns (ExecuteWithOriginParams memory params) {
-        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.ExecuteWithOrigin);
-        bytes memory payload = instruction.payload;
-        uint256 pos;
-        uint256 bytesRead;
-
-        params.hasDescendantOrigin = Bool.decodeAt(payload, pos);
-        pos += 1;
-
-        if (params.hasDescendantOrigin) {
-            (params.descendantOrigin, bytesRead) = JunctionsCodec.decodeAt(
-                payload,
-                pos
-            );
-            pos += bytesRead;
-        }
-
-        (params.xcm, pos) = _decodeXcmAt(payload, pos);
-    }
-
-    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `SetHintsParams` from a `SetHints` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `SetHints`.
-    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `SetHints`.
-    /// @return params The decoded `SetHintsParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
-    function asSetHints(
-        Instruction memory instruction
-    ) internal pure returns (SetHintsParams memory params) {
-        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.SetHints);
-        bytes memory payload = instruction.payload;
-        uint256 pos;
-        uint256 bytesRead;
-        uint256 hintsCount;
-
-        (hintsCount, bytesRead) = Compact.decodeAt(payload, pos);
-        if (hintsCount > HINT_NUM_VARIANTS) {
-            revert InvalidInstructionPayload();
-        }
-        pos += bytesRead;
-
-        params.hints = new Hint[](hintsCount);
-        for (uint256 i = 0; i < hintsCount; ++i) {
-            (params.hints[i], bytesRead) = HintCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
-            pos += bytesRead;
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// @notice Returns the encoded size of an XCM byte sequence at offset.
-    /// @dev XCM encodes as `Vec<Instruction>`: compact count followed by encoded instructions.
-    function _xcmEncodedSizeAt(
-        bytes memory data,
-        uint256 offset
-    ) private pure returns (uint256) {
-        (uint256 count, uint256 countBytes) = Compact.decodeAt(data, offset);
-        uint256 pos = offset + countBytes;
-        for (uint256 i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
-            pos += encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
-        }
-        return pos - offset;
-    }
-
-    function _assertVariant(
-        Instruction memory instruction,
-        InstructionVariant expectedType
-    ) private pure {
-        if (instruction.variant != expectedType) {
-            revert InvalidInstructionVariant(uint8(instruction.variant));
-        }
-    }
-
-    function _decodeXcmAt(
-        bytes memory payload,
-        uint256 offset
-    ) private pure returns (bytes memory xcm, uint256 nextOffset) {
-        uint256 xcmLength = _xcmEncodedSizeAt(payload, offset);
-        xcm = BytesUtils.copy(payload, offset, xcmLength);
-        nextOffset = offset + xcmLength;
-    }
-}
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+pragma solidity ^0.8.28;
+
+import {
+    AliasOriginParams,
+    BurnAssetParams,
+    BuyExecutionParams,
+    ClaimAssetParams,
+    DepositAssetParams,
+    DepositReserveAssetParams,
+    DescendOriginParams,
+    ExecuteWithOriginParams,
+    ExchangeAssetParams,
+    ExpectAssetParams,
+    ExpectErrorParams,
+    ExpectOriginParams,
+    ExpectPalletParams,
+    ExpectTransactStatusParams,
+    ExportMessageParams,
+    HrmpChannelAcceptedParams,
+    HrmpChannelClosingParams,
+    HrmpNewChannelOpenRequestParams,
+    InitiateReserveWithdrawParams,
+    InitiateTeleportParams,
+    InitiateTransferParams,
+    Instruction,
+    InstructionVariant,
+    LockAssetParams,
+    NoteUnlockableParams,
+    PayFeesParams,
+    QueryPalletParams,
+    QueryResponseParams,
+    ReceiveTeleportedAssetParams,
+    ReportErrorParams,
+    ReportHoldingParams,
+    ReportTransactStatusParams,
+    RequestUnlockParams,
+    ReserveAssetDepositedParams,
+    SetAppendixParams,
+    SetErrorHandlerParams,
+    SetFeesModeParams,
+    SetHintsParams,
+    SetTopicParams,
+    SubscribeVersionParams,
+    TransactParams,
+    TransferAssetParams,
+    TransferReserveAssetParams,
+    TrapParams,
+    UnlockAssetParams,
+    UniversalOriginParams,
+    UnpaidExecutionParams,
+    WithdrawAssetParams
+} from "./Instruction.sol";
+import {AssetTransferFilter} from "../AssetTransferFilter/AssetTransferFilter.sol";
+import {Hint} from "../Hint/Hint.sol";
+import {QueryId} from "../Types/QueryId.sol";
+import {AssetsCodec} from "../Assets/AssetsCodec.sol";
+import {AssetCodec} from "../Asset/AssetCodec.sol";
+import {LocationCodec} from "../Location/LocationCodec.sol";
+import {JunctionsCodec} from "../Junctions/JunctionsCodec.sol";
+import {JunctionCodec} from "../Junction/JunctionCodec.sol";
+import {AssetFilterCodec} from "../AssetFilter/AssetFilterCodec.sol";
+import {AssetTransferFilterCodec} from "../AssetTransferFilter/AssetTransferFilterCodec.sol";
+import {QueryResponseInfoCodec} from "../QueryResponseInfo/QueryResponseInfoCodec.sol";
+import {ResponseCodec} from "../Response/ResponseCodec.sol";
+import {XcmErrorCodec} from "../XcmError/XcmErrorCodec.sol";
+import {NetworkIdCodec} from "../NetworkId/NetworkIdCodec.sol";
+import {OriginKindCodec} from "../OriginKind/OriginKindCodec.sol";
+import {WeightCodec} from "../Weight/WeightCodec.sol";
+import {WeightLimitCodec} from "../WeightLimit/WeightLimitCodec.sol";
+import {HintCodec} from "../Hint/HintCodec.sol";
+import {MaybeErrorCodeCodec} from "../../v3/MaybeErrorCode/MaybeErrorCodeCodec.sol";
+import {MAX_ASSET_TRANSFER_FILTERS, HINT_NUM_VARIANTS} from "../Constants.sol";
+
+import {Compact} from "../../../Scale/Compact.sol";
+import {Bool} from "../../../Scale/Bool/Bool.sol";
+import {Bytes32} from "../../../Scale/Bytes/Bytes32.sol";
+import {Bytes} from "../../../Scale/Bytes/Bytes.sol";
+
+import {BytesUtils} from "../../../Utils/BytesUtils.sol";
+import {UnsignedUtils} from "../../../Utils/UnsignedUtils.sol";
+
+/// @title SCALE Codec for XCM v5 `Instruction`
+/// @notice SCALE-compliant encoder/decoder for the `Instruction` type.
+/// @dev SCALE reference: https://docs.polkadot.com/polkadot-protocol/basics/data-encoding
+/// @dev XCM v5 reference: https://paritytech.github.io/polkadot-sdk/master/staging_xcm/v5/index.html
+library InstructionCodec {
+    error InvalidInstructionLength();
+    error InvalidInstructionVariant(uint8 variant);
+    error InvalidInstructionPayload();
+
+    /// @notice Encodes an `Instruction` into SCALE bytes.
+    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to encode.
+    /// @return SCALE-encoded bytes representing the instruction.
+    function encode(
+        Instruction memory instruction
+    ) internal pure returns (bytes memory) {
+        return
+            abi.encodePacked(uint8(instruction.variant), instruction.payload);
+    }
+
+    /// @notice Returns the number of bytes that an `Instruction` occupies when SCALE-encoded.
+    /// @param data The byte sequence containing the encoded instruction.
+    /// @param offset The starting index in `data` from which to calculate the encoded size.
+    /// @return The number of bytes occupied by the encoded instruction.
+    function encodedSizeAt(
+        bytes memory data,
+        uint256 offset
+    ) internal pure returns (uint256) {
+        if (data.length < offset + 1) revert InvalidInstructionLength();
+
+        uint8 variantRaw = uint8(data[offset]);
+        if (variantRaw > uint8(type(InstructionVariant).max)) {
+            revert InvalidInstructionVariant(variantRaw);
+        }
+
+        InstructionVariant variant = InstructionVariant(variantRaw);
+        uint256 pos = offset + 1;
+
+        if (
+            variant == InstructionVariant.WithdrawAsset ||
+            variant == InstructionVariant.ReserveAssetDeposited ||
+            variant == InstructionVariant.ReceiveTeleportedAsset ||
+            variant == InstructionVariant.BurnAsset ||
+            variant == InstructionVariant.ExpectAsset
+        ) {
+            pos += AssetsCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
+        } else if (variant == InstructionVariant.QueryResponse) {
+            pos += Compact.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
+            pos += ResponseCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
+            pos += WeightCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
+            bool hasQuerier = Bool.decodeAt(data, pos);
+            pos += 1;
+            if (hasQuerier) {
+                pos += LocationCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
+            }
+        } else if (variant == InstructionVariant.TransferAsset) {
+            pos += AssetsCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
+            pos += LocationCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
+        } else if (
+            variant == InstructionVariant.TransferReserveAsset ||
+            variant == InstructionVariant.DepositReserveAsset ||
+            variant == InstructionVariant.InitiateReserveWithdraw ||
+            variant == InstructionVariant.InitiateTeleport
+        ) {
+            if (variant == InstructionVariant.TransferReserveAsset) {
+                pos += AssetsCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
+                pos += LocationCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
+            } else {
+                pos += AssetFilterCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
+                pos += LocationCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
+            }
+            pos += _xcmEncodedSizeAt(data, pos);
+        } else if (variant == InstructionVariant.Transact) {
+            pos += OriginKindCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
+            bool hasFallbackMaxWeight = Bool.decodeAt(data, pos);
+            pos += 1;
+            if (hasFallbackMaxWeight) {
+                pos += WeightCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
+            }
+            pos += Bytes.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
+        } else if (variant == InstructionVariant.HrmpNewChannelOpenRequest) {
+            pos += Compact.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
+            pos += Compact.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
+            pos += Compact.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
+        } else if (variant == InstructionVariant.HrmpChannelAccepted) {
+            pos += Compact.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
+        } else if (variant == InstructionVariant.HrmpChannelClosing) {
+            pos += Compact.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
+            pos += Compact.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
+            pos += Compact.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
+        } else if (
+            variant == InstructionVariant.ClearOrigin ||
+            variant == InstructionVariant.RefundSurplus ||
+            variant == InstructionVariant.ClearError ||
+            variant == InstructionVariant.UnsubscribeVersion ||
+            variant == InstructionVariant.ClearTransactStatus ||
+            variant == InstructionVariant.ClearTopic
+        ) {
+            // no payload
+            return pos - offset;
+        } else if (variant == InstructionVariant.DescendOrigin) {
+            pos += JunctionsCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
+        } else if (
+            variant == InstructionVariant.ReportError ||
+            variant == InstructionVariant.ReportTransactStatus
+        ) {
+            pos += QueryResponseInfoCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
+        } else if (variant == InstructionVariant.DepositAsset) {
+            pos += AssetFilterCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
+            pos += LocationCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
+        } else if (variant == InstructionVariant.ExchangeAsset) {
+            pos += AssetFilterCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
+            pos += AssetsCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
+            pos += 1;
+        } else if (variant == InstructionVariant.ReportHolding) {
+            pos += QueryResponseInfoCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
+            pos += AssetFilterCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
+        } else if (variant == InstructionVariant.BuyExecution) {
+            pos += AssetCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
+            pos += WeightLimitCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
+        } else if (
+            variant == InstructionVariant.SetErrorHandler ||
+            variant == InstructionVariant.SetAppendix
+        ) {
+            pos += _xcmEncodedSizeAt(data, pos);
+        } else if (variant == InstructionVariant.ClaimAsset) {
+            pos += AssetsCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
+            pos += LocationCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
+        } else if (variant == InstructionVariant.Trap) {
+            pos += Compact.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
+        } else if (variant == InstructionVariant.SubscribeVersion) {
+            pos += Compact.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
+            pos += WeightCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
+        } else if (variant == InstructionVariant.ExpectOrigin) {
+            bool hasOrigin = Bool.decodeAt(data, pos);
+            pos += 1;
+            if (hasOrigin) {
+                pos += LocationCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
+            }
+        } else if (variant == InstructionVariant.ExpectError) {
+            bool hasError = Bool.decodeAt(data, pos);
+            pos += 1;
+            if (hasError) {
+                pos += Compact.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
+                pos += XcmErrorCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
+            }
+        } else if (variant == InstructionVariant.ExpectTransactStatus) {
+            pos += MaybeErrorCodeCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
+        } else if (variant == InstructionVariant.QueryPallet) {
+            pos += Bytes.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
+            pos += QueryResponseInfoCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
+        } else if (variant == InstructionVariant.ExpectPallet) {
+            pos += Compact.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
+            pos += Bytes.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
+            pos += Bytes.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
+            pos += Compact.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
+            pos += Compact.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
+        } else if (variant == InstructionVariant.UniversalOrigin) {
+            pos += JunctionCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
+        } else if (variant == InstructionVariant.ExportMessage) {
+            pos += NetworkIdCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
+            pos += JunctionsCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
+            pos += _xcmEncodedSizeAt(data, pos);
+        } else if (
+            variant == InstructionVariant.LockAsset ||
+            variant == InstructionVariant.UnlockAsset ||
+            variant == InstructionVariant.NoteUnlockable ||
+            variant == InstructionVariant.RequestUnlock
+        ) {
+            pos += AssetCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
+            pos += LocationCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
+        } else if (variant == InstructionVariant.SetFeesMode) {
+            pos += 1;
+        } else if (variant == InstructionVariant.SetTopic) {
+            if (data.length < pos + 32) revert InvalidInstructionPayload();
+            pos += 32;
+        } else if (variant == InstructionVariant.AliasOrigin) {
+            pos += LocationCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
+        } else if (variant == InstructionVariant.UnpaidExecution) {
+            pos += WeightLimitCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
+            bool hasCheckOrigin = Bool.decodeAt(data, pos);
+            pos += 1;
+            if (hasCheckOrigin) {
+                pos += LocationCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
+            }
+        } else if (variant == InstructionVariant.PayFees) {
+            pos += AssetCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
+        } else if (variant == InstructionVariant.InitiateTransfer) {
+            pos += LocationCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
+            bool hasRemoteFees = Bool.decodeAt(data, pos);
+            pos += 1;
+            if (hasRemoteFees) {
+                pos += AssetTransferFilterCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
+            }
+            pos += 1; // preserveOrigin bool
+            (uint256 assetsCount, uint256 assetsCountBytes) = Compact.decodeAt(
+                data,
+                pos
+            );
+            if (assetsCount > MAX_ASSET_TRANSFER_FILTERS) {
+                revert InvalidInstructionPayload();
+            }
+            pos += assetsCountBytes;
+            for (uint256 i = 0; i < assetsCount; ++i) {
+                pos += AssetTransferFilterCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
+            }
+            (uint256 remoteXcmLen, uint256 remoteXcmLenBytes) = Compact
+                .decodeAt(data, pos);
+            pos += remoteXcmLenBytes;
+            if (data.length < pos + remoteXcmLen)
+                revert InvalidInstructionPayload();
+            pos += remoteXcmLen;
+        } else if (variant == InstructionVariant.ExecuteWithOrigin) {
+            bool hasDescendantOrigin = Bool.decodeAt(data, pos);
+            pos += 1;
+            if (hasDescendantOrigin) {
+                pos += JunctionsCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
+            }
+            pos += _xcmEncodedSizeAt(data, pos);
+        } else if (variant == InstructionVariant.SetHints) {
+            (uint256 hintsCount, uint256 hintsCountBytes) = Compact.decodeAt(
+                data,
+                pos
+            );
+            if (hintsCount > HINT_NUM_VARIANTS) {
+                revert InvalidInstructionPayload();
+            }
+            pos += hintsCountBytes;
+            for (uint256 i = 0; i < hintsCount; ++i) {
+                pos += HintCodec.encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
+            }
+        }
+
+        return pos - offset;
+    }
+
+    /// @notice Decodes an `Instruction` from SCALE bytes starting at the beginning.
+    /// @param data The byte sequence containing the encoded instruction.
+    /// @return instruction The decoded `Instruction` struct.
+    /// @return bytesRead The number of bytes read.
+    function decode(
+        bytes memory data
+    )
+        internal
+        pure
+        returns (Instruction memory instruction, uint256 bytesRead)
+    {
+        return decodeAt(data, 0);
+    }
+
+    /// @notice Decodes an `Instruction` from SCALE bytes starting at a given offset.
+    /// @param data The byte sequence containing the encoded instruction.
+    /// @param offset The starting index in `data` from which to decode.
+    /// @return instruction The decoded `Instruction` struct.
+    /// @return bytesRead The number of bytes read.
+    function decodeAt(
+        bytes memory data,
+        uint256 offset
+    )
+        internal
+        pure
+        returns (Instruction memory instruction, uint256 bytesRead)
+    {
+        uint256 size = encodedSizeAt(data, offset);
+        uint8 variantRaw = uint8(data[offset]);
+        uint256 payloadLength = size - 1;
+        bytes memory payload = BytesUtils.copy(data, offset + 1, payloadLength);
+        instruction = Instruction({
+            variant: InstructionVariant(variantRaw),
+            payload: payload
+        });
+        bytesRead = size;
+    }
+
+    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `WithdrawAssetParams` from a `WithdrawAsset` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `WithdrawAsset`.
+    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `WithdrawAsset`.
+    /// @return params The decoded `WithdrawAssetParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
+    function asWithdrawAsset(
+        Instruction memory instruction
+    ) internal pure returns (WithdrawAssetParams memory params) {
+        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.WithdrawAsset);
+        uint256 bytesRead;
+        (params.assets, bytesRead) = AssetsCodec.decode(instruction.payload);
+    }
+
+    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `ReserveAssetDepositedParams` from a `ReserveAssetDeposited` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `ReserveAssetDeposited`.
+    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `ReserveAssetDeposited`.
+    /// @return params The decoded `ReserveAssetDepositedParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
+    function asReserveAssetDeposited(
+        Instruction memory instruction
+    ) internal pure returns (ReserveAssetDepositedParams memory params) {
+        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.ReserveAssetDeposited);
+        uint256 bytesRead;
+        (params.assets, bytesRead) = AssetsCodec.decode(instruction.payload);
+    }
+
+    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `ReceiveTeleportedAssetParams` from a `ReceiveTeleportedAsset` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `ReceiveTeleportedAsset`.
+    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `ReceiveTeleportedAsset`.
+    /// @return params The decoded `ReceiveTeleportedAssetParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
+    function asReceiveTeleportedAsset(
+        Instruction memory instruction
+    ) internal pure returns (ReceiveTeleportedAssetParams memory params) {
+        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.ReceiveTeleportedAsset);
+        uint256 bytesRead;
+        (params.assets, bytesRead) = AssetsCodec.decode(instruction.payload);
+    }
+
+    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `QueryResponseParams` from a `QueryResponse` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `QueryResponse`.
+    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `QueryResponse`.
+    /// @return params The decoded `QueryResponseParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
+    function asQueryResponse(
+        Instruction memory instruction
+    ) internal pure returns (QueryResponseParams memory params) {
+        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.QueryResponse);
+        bytes memory payload = instruction.payload;
+        uint256 pos;
+        uint256 bytesRead;
+        uint256 queryIdRaw;
+
+        (queryIdRaw, bytesRead) = Compact.decodeAt(payload, pos);
+        params.queryId = QueryId.wrap(UnsignedUtils.toU64(queryIdRaw));
+        pos += bytesRead;
+
+        (params.response, bytesRead) = ResponseCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
+        pos += bytesRead;
+
+        (params.maxWeight, bytesRead) = WeightCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
+        pos += bytesRead;
+
+        params.hasQuerier = Bool.decodeAt(payload, pos);
+        pos += 1;
+
+        if (params.hasQuerier) {
+            (params.querier, bytesRead) = LocationCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
+            pos += bytesRead;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `TransferAssetParams` from a `TransferAsset` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `TransferAsset`.
+    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `TransferAsset`.
+    /// @return params The decoded `TransferAssetParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
+    function asTransferAsset(
+        Instruction memory instruction
+    ) internal pure returns (TransferAssetParams memory params) {
+        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.TransferAsset);
+        bytes memory payload = instruction.payload;
+        uint256 pos;
+        uint256 bytesRead;
+
+        (params.assets, bytesRead) = AssetsCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
+        pos += bytesRead;
+
+        (params.beneficiary, bytesRead) = LocationCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
+        pos += bytesRead;
+    }
+
+    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `TransferReserveAssetParams` from a `TransferReserveAsset` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `TransferReserveAsset`.
+    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `TransferReserveAsset`.
+    /// @return params The decoded `TransferReserveAssetParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
+    function asTransferReserveAsset(
+        Instruction memory instruction
+    ) internal pure returns (TransferReserveAssetParams memory params) {
+        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.TransferReserveAsset);
+        bytes memory payload = instruction.payload;
+        uint256 pos;
+        uint256 bytesRead;
+
+        (params.assets, bytesRead) = AssetsCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
+        pos += bytesRead;
+
+        (params.dest, bytesRead) = LocationCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
+        pos += bytesRead;
+
+        (params.xcm, pos) = _decodeXcmAt(payload, pos);
+    }
+
+    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `TransactParams` from a `Transact` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `Transact`.
+    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `Transact`.
+    /// @return params The decoded `TransactParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
+    function asTransact(
+        Instruction memory instruction
+    ) internal pure returns (TransactParams memory params) {
+        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.Transact);
+        bytes memory payload = instruction.payload;
+        uint256 pos;
+        uint256 bytesRead;
+
+        (params.originKind, bytesRead) = OriginKindCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
+        pos += bytesRead;
+
+        params.hasFallbackMaxWeight = Bool.decodeAt(payload, pos);
+        pos += 1;
+
+        if (params.hasFallbackMaxWeight) {
+            (params.fallbackMaxWeight, bytesRead) = WeightCodec.decodeAt(
+                payload,
+                pos
+            );
+            pos += bytesRead;
+        }
+
+        (params.call, bytesRead) = Bytes.decodeAt(payload, pos);
+        pos += bytesRead;
+    }
+
+    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `HrmpNewChannelOpenRequestParams` from a `HrmpNewChannelOpenRequest` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `HrmpNewChannelOpenRequest`.
+    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `HrmpNewChannelOpenRequest`.
+    /// @return params The decoded `HrmpNewChannelOpenRequestParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
+    function asHrmpNewChannelOpenRequest(
+        Instruction memory instruction
+    ) internal pure returns (HrmpNewChannelOpenRequestParams memory params) {
+        _assertVariant(
+            instruction,
+            InstructionVariant.HrmpNewChannelOpenRequest
+        );
+        bytes memory payload = instruction.payload;
+        uint256 pos;
+        uint256 bytesRead;
+        uint256 value;
+
+        (value, bytesRead) = Compact.decodeAt(payload, pos);
+        params.sender = UnsignedUtils.toU32(value);
+        pos += bytesRead;
+
+        (value, bytesRead) = Compact.decodeAt(payload, pos);
+        params.maxMessageSize = UnsignedUtils.toU32(value);
+        pos += bytesRead;
+
+        (value, bytesRead) = Compact.decodeAt(payload, pos);
+        params.maxCapacity = UnsignedUtils.toU32(value);
+        pos += bytesRead;
+    }
+
+    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `HrmpChannelAcceptedParams` from a `HrmpChannelAccepted` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `HrmpChannelAccepted`.
+    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `HrmpChannelAccepted`.
+    /// @return params The decoded `HrmpChannelAcceptedParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
+    function asHrmpChannelAccepted(
+        Instruction memory instruction
+    ) internal pure returns (HrmpChannelAcceptedParams memory params) {
+        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.HrmpChannelAccepted);
+        uint256 value;
+        uint256 bytesRead;
+        (value, bytesRead) = Compact.decode(instruction.payload);
+        params.recipient = UnsignedUtils.toU32(value);
+    }
+
+    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `HrmpChannelClosingParams` from a `HrmpChannelClosing` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `HrmpChannelClosing`.
+    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `HrmpChannelClosing`.
+    /// @return params The decoded `HrmpChannelClosingParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
+    function asHrmpChannelClosing(
+        Instruction memory instruction
+    ) internal pure returns (HrmpChannelClosingParams memory params) {
+        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.HrmpChannelClosing);
+        bytes memory payload = instruction.payload;
+        uint256 pos;
+        uint256 bytesRead;
+        uint256 value;
+
+        (value, bytesRead) = Compact.decodeAt(payload, pos);
+        params.initiator = UnsignedUtils.toU32(value);
+        pos += bytesRead;
+
+        (value, bytesRead) = Compact.decodeAt(payload, pos);
+        params.sender = UnsignedUtils.toU32(value);
+        pos += bytesRead;
+
+        (value, bytesRead) = Compact.decodeAt(payload, pos);
+        params.recipient = UnsignedUtils.toU32(value);
+        pos += bytesRead;
+    }
+
+    /// @notice Validates a `ClearOrigin` instruction payload. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `ClearOrigin` or the payload is invalid.
+    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to validate, which must have type `ClearOrigin`.
+    function asClearOrigin(Instruction memory instruction) internal pure {
+        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.ClearOrigin);
+        if (instruction.payload.length != 0) revert InvalidInstructionPayload();
+    }
+
+    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `DescendOriginParams` from a `DescendOrigin` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `DescendOrigin`.
+    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `DescendOrigin`.
+    /// @return params The decoded `DescendOriginParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
+    function asDescendOrigin(
+        Instruction memory instruction
+    ) internal pure returns (DescendOriginParams memory params) {
+        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.DescendOrigin);
+        uint256 bytesRead;
+        (params.interior, bytesRead) = JunctionsCodec.decode(
+            instruction.payload
+        );
+    }
+
+    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `ReportErrorParams` from a `ReportError` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `ReportError`.
+    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `ReportError`.
+    /// @return params The decoded `ReportErrorParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
+    function asReportError(
+        Instruction memory instruction
+    ) internal pure returns (ReportErrorParams memory params) {
+        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.ReportError);
+        uint256 bytesRead;
+        (params.responseInfo, bytesRead) = QueryResponseInfoCodec.decode(
+            instruction.payload
+        );
+    }
+
+    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `DepositAssetParams` from a `DepositAsset` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `DepositAsset`.
+    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `DepositAsset`.
+    /// @return params The decoded `DepositAssetParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
+    function asDepositAsset(
+        Instruction memory instruction
+    ) internal pure returns (DepositAssetParams memory params) {
+        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.DepositAsset);
+        bytes memory payload = instruction.payload;
+        uint256 pos;
+        uint256 bytesRead;
+
+        (params.assets, bytesRead) = AssetFilterCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
+        pos += bytesRead;
+
+        (params.beneficiary, bytesRead) = LocationCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
+        pos += bytesRead;
+    }
+
+    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `DepositReserveAssetParams` from a `DepositReserveAsset` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `DepositReserveAsset`.
+    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `DepositReserveAsset`.
+    /// @return params The decoded `DepositReserveAssetParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
+    function asDepositReserveAsset(
+        Instruction memory instruction
+    ) internal pure returns (DepositReserveAssetParams memory params) {
+        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.DepositReserveAsset);
+        bytes memory payload = instruction.payload;
+        uint256 pos;
+        uint256 bytesRead;
+
+        (params.assets, bytesRead) = AssetFilterCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
+        pos += bytesRead;
+
+        (params.dest, bytesRead) = LocationCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
+        pos += bytesRead;
+
+        (params.xcm, pos) = _decodeXcmAt(payload, pos);
+    }
+
+    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `ExchangeAssetParams` from a `ExchangeAsset` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `ExchangeAsset`.
+    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `ExchangeAsset`.
+    /// @return params The decoded `ExchangeAssetParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
+    function asExchangeAsset(
+        Instruction memory instruction
+    ) internal pure returns (ExchangeAssetParams memory params) {
+        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.ExchangeAsset);
+        bytes memory payload = instruction.payload;
+        uint256 pos;
+        uint256 bytesRead;
+
+        (params.give, bytesRead) = AssetFilterCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
+        pos += bytesRead;
+
+        (params.want, bytesRead) = AssetsCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
+        pos += bytesRead;
+
+        params.maximal = Bool.decodeAt(payload, pos);
+        pos += 1;
+    }
+
+    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `InitiateReserveWithdrawParams` from a `InitiateReserveWithdraw` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `InitiateReserveWithdraw`.
+    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `InitiateReserveWithdraw`.
+    /// @return params The decoded `InitiateReserveWithdrawParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
+    function asInitiateReserveWithdraw(
+        Instruction memory instruction
+    ) internal pure returns (InitiateReserveWithdrawParams memory params) {
+        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.InitiateReserveWithdraw);
+        bytes memory payload = instruction.payload;
+        uint256 pos;
+        uint256 bytesRead;
+
+        (params.assets, bytesRead) = AssetFilterCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
+        pos += bytesRead;
+
+        (params.reserve, bytesRead) = LocationCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
+        pos += bytesRead;
+
+        (params.xcm, pos) = _decodeXcmAt(payload, pos);
+    }
+
+    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `InitiateTeleportParams` from a `InitiateTeleport` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `InitiateTeleport`.
+    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `InitiateTeleport`.
+    /// @return params The decoded `InitiateTeleportParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
+    function asInitiateTeleport(
+        Instruction memory instruction
+    ) internal pure returns (InitiateTeleportParams memory params) {
+        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.InitiateTeleport);
+        bytes memory payload = instruction.payload;
+        uint256 pos;
+        uint256 bytesRead;
+
+        (params.assets, bytesRead) = AssetFilterCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
+        pos += bytesRead;
+
+        (params.dest, bytesRead) = LocationCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
+        pos += bytesRead;
+
+        (params.xcm, pos) = _decodeXcmAt(payload, pos);
+    }
+
+    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `ReportHoldingParams` from a `ReportHolding` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `ReportHolding`.
+    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `ReportHolding`.
+    /// @return params The decoded `ReportHoldingParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
+    function asReportHolding(
+        Instruction memory instruction
+    ) internal pure returns (ReportHoldingParams memory params) {
+        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.ReportHolding);
+        bytes memory payload = instruction.payload;
+        uint256 pos;
+        uint256 bytesRead;
+
+        (params.responseInfo, bytesRead) = QueryResponseInfoCodec.decodeAt(
+            payload,
+            pos
+        );
+        pos += bytesRead;
+
+        (params.assets, bytesRead) = AssetFilterCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
+        pos += bytesRead;
+    }
+
+    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `BuyExecutionParams` from a `BuyExecution` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `BuyExecution`.
+    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `BuyExecution`.
+    /// @return params The decoded `BuyExecutionParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
+    function asBuyExecution(
+        Instruction memory instruction
+    ) internal pure returns (BuyExecutionParams memory params) {
+        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.BuyExecution);
+        bytes memory payload = instruction.payload;
+        uint256 pos;
+        uint256 bytesRead;
+
+        (params.fees, bytesRead) = AssetCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
+        pos += bytesRead;
+
+        (params.weightLimit, bytesRead) = WeightLimitCodec.decodeAt(
+            payload,
+            pos
+        );
+        pos += bytesRead;
+    }
+
+    /// @notice Validates a `RefundSurplus` instruction payload. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `RefundSurplus` or the payload is invalid.
+    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to validate, which must have type `RefundSurplus`.
+    function asRefundSurplus(Instruction memory instruction) internal pure {
+        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.RefundSurplus);
+        if (instruction.payload.length != 0) revert InvalidInstructionPayload();
+    }
+
+    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `SetErrorHandlerParams` from a `SetErrorHandler` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `SetErrorHandler`.
+    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `SetErrorHandler`.
+    /// @return params The decoded `SetErrorHandlerParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
+    function asSetErrorHandler(
+        Instruction memory instruction
+    ) internal pure returns (SetErrorHandlerParams memory params) {
+        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.SetErrorHandler);
+        (params.xcm, ) = _decodeXcmAt(instruction.payload, 0);
+    }
+
+    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `SetAppendixParams` from a `SetAppendix` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `SetAppendix`.
+    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `SetAppendix`.
+    /// @return params The decoded `SetAppendixParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
+    function asSetAppendix(
+        Instruction memory instruction
+    ) internal pure returns (SetAppendixParams memory params) {
+        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.SetAppendix);
+        (params.xcm, ) = _decodeXcmAt(instruction.payload, 0);
+    }
+
+    /// @notice Validates a `ClearError` instruction payload. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `ClearError` or the payload is invalid.
+    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to validate, which must have type `ClearError`.
+    function asClearError(Instruction memory instruction) internal pure {
+        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.ClearError);
+        if (instruction.payload.length != 0) revert InvalidInstructionPayload();
+    }
+
+    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `ClaimAssetParams` from a `ClaimAsset` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `ClaimAsset`.
+    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `ClaimAsset`.
+    /// @return params The decoded `ClaimAssetParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
+    function asClaimAsset(
+        Instruction memory instruction
+    ) internal pure returns (ClaimAssetParams memory params) {
+        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.ClaimAsset);
+        bytes memory payload = instruction.payload;
+        uint256 pos;
+        uint256 bytesRead;
+
+        (params.assets, bytesRead) = AssetsCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
+        pos += bytesRead;
+
+        (params.ticket, bytesRead) = LocationCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
+        pos += bytesRead;
+    }
+
+    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `TrapParams` from a `Trap` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `Trap`.
+    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `Trap`.
+    /// @return params The decoded `TrapParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
+    function asTrap(
+        Instruction memory instruction
+    ) internal pure returns (TrapParams memory params) {
+        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.Trap);
+        uint256 value;
+        uint256 bytesRead;
+        (value, bytesRead) = Compact.decode(instruction.payload);
+        params.code = UnsignedUtils.toU64(value);
+    }
+
+    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `SubscribeVersionParams` from a `SubscribeVersion` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `SubscribeVersion`.
+    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `SubscribeVersion`.
+    /// @return params The decoded `SubscribeVersionParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
+    function asSubscribeVersion(
+        Instruction memory instruction
+    ) internal pure returns (SubscribeVersionParams memory params) {
+        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.SubscribeVersion);
+        bytes memory payload = instruction.payload;
+        uint256 pos;
+        uint256 bytesRead;
+        uint256 queryIdRaw;
+
+        (queryIdRaw, bytesRead) = Compact.decodeAt(payload, pos);
+        params.queryId = QueryId.wrap(UnsignedUtils.toU64(queryIdRaw));
+        pos += bytesRead;
+
+        (params.maxResponseWeight, bytesRead) = WeightCodec.decodeAt(
+            payload,
+            pos
+        );
+        pos += bytesRead;
+    }
+
+    /// @notice Validates a `UnsubscribeVersion` instruction payload. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `UnsubscribeVersion` or the payload is invalid.
+    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to validate, which must have type `UnsubscribeVersion`.
+    function asUnsubscribeVersion(
+        Instruction memory instruction
+    ) internal pure {
+        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.UnsubscribeVersion);
+        if (instruction.payload.length != 0) revert InvalidInstructionPayload();
+    }
+
+    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `BurnAssetParams` from a `BurnAsset` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `BurnAsset`.
+    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `BurnAsset`.
+    /// @return params The decoded `BurnAssetParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
+    function asBurnAsset(
+        Instruction memory instruction
+    ) internal pure returns (BurnAssetParams memory params) {
+        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.BurnAsset);
+        uint256 bytesRead;
+        (params.assets, bytesRead) = AssetsCodec.decode(instruction.payload);
+    }
+
+    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `ExpectAssetParams` from a `ExpectAsset` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `ExpectAsset`.
+    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `ExpectAsset`.
+    /// @return params The decoded `ExpectAssetParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
+    function asExpectAsset(
+        Instruction memory instruction
+    ) internal pure returns (ExpectAssetParams memory params) {
+        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.ExpectAsset);
+        uint256 bytesRead;
+        (params.assets, bytesRead) = AssetsCodec.decode(instruction.payload);
+    }
+
+    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `ExpectOriginParams` from a `ExpectOrigin` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `ExpectOrigin`.
+    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `ExpectOrigin`.
+    /// @return params The decoded `ExpectOriginParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
+    function asExpectOrigin(
+        Instruction memory instruction
+    ) internal pure returns (ExpectOriginParams memory params) {
+        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.ExpectOrigin);
+        bytes memory payload = instruction.payload;
+        uint256 pos;
+        uint256 bytesRead;
+
+        params.hasOrigin = Bool.decodeAt(payload, pos);
+        pos += 1;
+
+        if (params.hasOrigin) {
+            (params.origin, bytesRead) = LocationCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
+            pos += bytesRead;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `ExpectErrorParams` from a `ExpectError` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `ExpectError`.
+    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `ExpectError`.
+    /// @return params The decoded `ExpectErrorParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
+    function asExpectError(
+        Instruction memory instruction
+    ) internal pure returns (ExpectErrorParams memory params) {
+        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.ExpectError);
+        bytes memory payload = instruction.payload;
+        uint256 pos;
+        uint256 bytesRead;
+        uint256 value;
+
+        params.hasError = Bool.decodeAt(payload, pos);
+        pos += 1;
+
+        if (params.hasError) {
+            (value, bytesRead) = Compact.decodeAt(payload, pos);
+            params.index = UnsignedUtils.toU32(value);
+            pos += bytesRead;
+
+            (params.err, bytesRead) = XcmErrorCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
+            pos += bytesRead;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `ExpectTransactStatusParams` from a `ExpectTransactStatus` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `ExpectTransactStatus`.
+    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `ExpectTransactStatus`.
+    /// @return params The decoded `ExpectTransactStatusParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
+    function asExpectTransactStatus(
+        Instruction memory instruction
+    ) internal pure returns (ExpectTransactStatusParams memory params) {
+        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.ExpectTransactStatus);
+        uint256 bytesRead;
+        (params.transactStatus, bytesRead) = MaybeErrorCodeCodec.decode(
+            instruction.payload
+        );
+    }
+
+    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `QueryPalletParams` from a `QueryPallet` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `QueryPallet`.
+    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `QueryPallet`.
+    /// @return params The decoded `QueryPalletParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
+    function asQueryPallet(
+        Instruction memory instruction
+    ) internal pure returns (QueryPalletParams memory params) {
+        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.QueryPallet);
+        bytes memory payload = instruction.payload;
+        uint256 pos;
+        uint256 bytesRead;
+
+        (params.moduleName, bytesRead) = Bytes.decodeAt(payload, pos);
+        pos += bytesRead;
+
+        (params.responseInfo, bytesRead) = QueryResponseInfoCodec.decodeAt(
+            payload,
+            pos
+        );
+        pos += bytesRead;
+    }
+
+    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `ExpectPalletParams` from a `ExpectPallet` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `ExpectPallet`.
+    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `ExpectPallet`.
+    /// @return params The decoded `ExpectPalletParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
+    function asExpectPallet(
+        Instruction memory instruction
+    ) internal pure returns (ExpectPalletParams memory params) {
+        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.ExpectPallet);
+        bytes memory payload = instruction.payload;
+        uint256 pos;
+        uint256 bytesRead;
+        uint256 value;
+
+        (value, bytesRead) = Compact.decodeAt(payload, pos);
+        params.index = UnsignedUtils.toU32(value);
+        pos += bytesRead;
+
+        (params.name, bytesRead) = Bytes.decodeAt(payload, pos);
+        pos += bytesRead;
+
+        (params.moduleName, bytesRead) = Bytes.decodeAt(payload, pos);
+        pos += bytesRead;
+
+        (value, bytesRead) = Compact.decodeAt(payload, pos);
+        params.crateMajor = UnsignedUtils.toU32(value);
+        pos += bytesRead;
+
+        (value, bytesRead) = Compact.decodeAt(payload, pos);
+        params.minCrateMinor = UnsignedUtils.toU32(value);
+        pos += bytesRead;
+    }
+
+    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `ReportTransactStatusParams` from a `ReportTransactStatus` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `ReportTransactStatus`.
+    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `ReportTransactStatus`.
+    /// @return params The decoded `ReportTransactStatusParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
+    function asReportTransactStatus(
+        Instruction memory instruction
+    ) internal pure returns (ReportTransactStatusParams memory params) {
+        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.ReportTransactStatus);
+        uint256 bytesRead;
+        (params.responseInfo, bytesRead) = QueryResponseInfoCodec.decode(
+            instruction.payload
+        );
+    }
+
+    /// @notice Validates a `ClearTransactStatus` instruction payload. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `ClearTransactStatus` or the payload is invalid.
+    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to validate, which must have type `ClearTransactStatus`.
+    function asClearTransactStatus(
+        Instruction memory instruction
+    ) internal pure {
+        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.ClearTransactStatus);
+        if (instruction.payload.length != 0) revert InvalidInstructionPayload();
+    }
+
+    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `UniversalOriginParams` from a `UniversalOrigin` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `UniversalOrigin`.
+    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `UniversalOrigin`.
+    /// @return params The decoded `UniversalOriginParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
+    function asUniversalOrigin(
+        Instruction memory instruction
+    ) internal pure returns (UniversalOriginParams memory params) {
+        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.UniversalOrigin);
+        uint256 bytesRead;
+        (params.junction, bytesRead) = JunctionCodec.decode(
+            instruction.payload
+        );
+    }
+
+    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `ExportMessageParams` from a `ExportMessage` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `ExportMessage`.
+    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `ExportMessage`.
+    /// @return params The decoded `ExportMessageParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
+    function asExportMessage(
+        Instruction memory instruction
+    ) internal pure returns (ExportMessageParams memory params) {
+        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.ExportMessage);
+        bytes memory payload = instruction.payload;
+        uint256 pos;
+        uint256 bytesRead;
+
+        (params.network, bytesRead) = NetworkIdCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
+        pos += bytesRead;
+
+        (params.destination, bytesRead) = JunctionsCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
+        pos += bytesRead;
+
+        (params.xcm, pos) = _decodeXcmAt(payload, pos);
+    }
+
+    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `LockAssetParams` from a `LockAsset` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `LockAsset`.
+    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `LockAsset`.
+    /// @return params The decoded `LockAssetParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
+    function asLockAsset(
+        Instruction memory instruction
+    ) internal pure returns (LockAssetParams memory params) {
+        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.LockAsset);
+        bytes memory payload = instruction.payload;
+        uint256 pos;
+        uint256 bytesRead;
+
+        (params.asset, bytesRead) = AssetCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
+        pos += bytesRead;
+
+        (params.unlocker, bytesRead) = LocationCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
+        pos += bytesRead;
+    }
+
+    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `UnlockAssetParams` from a `UnlockAsset` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `UnlockAsset`.
+    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `UnlockAsset`.
+    /// @return params The decoded `UnlockAssetParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
+    function asUnlockAsset(
+        Instruction memory instruction
+    ) internal pure returns (UnlockAssetParams memory params) {
+        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.UnlockAsset);
+        bytes memory payload = instruction.payload;
+        uint256 pos;
+        uint256 bytesRead;
+
+        (params.asset, bytesRead) = AssetCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
+        pos += bytesRead;
+
+        (params.target, bytesRead) = LocationCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
+        pos += bytesRead;
+    }
+
+    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `NoteUnlockableParams` from a `NoteUnlockable` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `NoteUnlockable`.
+    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `NoteUnlockable`.
+    /// @return params The decoded `NoteUnlockableParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
+    function asNoteUnlockable(
+        Instruction memory instruction
+    ) internal pure returns (NoteUnlockableParams memory params) {
+        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.NoteUnlockable);
+        bytes memory payload = instruction.payload;
+        uint256 pos;
+        uint256 bytesRead;
+
+        (params.asset, bytesRead) = AssetCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
+        pos += bytesRead;
+
+        (params.owner, bytesRead) = LocationCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
+        pos += bytesRead;
+    }
+
+    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `RequestUnlockParams` from a `RequestUnlock` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `RequestUnlock`.
+    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `RequestUnlock`.
+    /// @return params The decoded `RequestUnlockParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
+    function asRequestUnlock(
+        Instruction memory instruction
+    ) internal pure returns (RequestUnlockParams memory params) {
+        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.RequestUnlock);
+        bytes memory payload = instruction.payload;
+        uint256 pos;
+        uint256 bytesRead;
+
+        (params.asset, bytesRead) = AssetCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
+        pos += bytesRead;
+
+        (params.locker, bytesRead) = LocationCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
+        pos += bytesRead;
+    }
+
+    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `SetFeesModeParams` from a `SetFeesMode` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `SetFeesMode`.
+    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `SetFeesMode`.
+    /// @return params The decoded `SetFeesModeParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
+    function asSetFeesMode(
+        Instruction memory instruction
+    ) internal pure returns (SetFeesModeParams memory params) {
+        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.SetFeesMode);
+        if (instruction.payload.length != 1) revert InvalidInstructionPayload();
+        params.jitWithdraw = Bool.decode(instruction.payload);
+    }
+
+    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `SetTopicParams` from a `SetTopic` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `SetTopic`.
+    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `SetTopic`.
+    /// @return params The decoded `SetTopicParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
+    function asSetTopic(
+        Instruction memory instruction
+    ) internal pure returns (SetTopicParams memory params) {
+        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.SetTopic);
+        if (instruction.payload.length != 32)
+            revert InvalidInstructionPayload();
+        params.topic = Bytes32.decode(instruction.payload);
+    }
+
+    /// @notice Validates a `ClearTopic` instruction payload. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `ClearTopic` or the payload is invalid.
+    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to validate, which must have type `ClearTopic`.
+    function asClearTopic(Instruction memory instruction) internal pure {
+        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.ClearTopic);
+        if (instruction.payload.length != 0) revert InvalidInstructionPayload();
+    }
+
+    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `AliasOriginParams` from a `AliasOrigin` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `AliasOrigin`.
+    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `AliasOrigin`.
+    /// @return params The decoded `AliasOriginParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
+    function asAliasOrigin(
+        Instruction memory instruction
+    ) internal pure returns (AliasOriginParams memory params) {
+        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.AliasOrigin);
+        uint256 bytesRead;
+        (params.location, bytesRead) = LocationCodec.decode(
+            instruction.payload
+        );
+    }
+
+    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `UnpaidExecutionParams` from a `UnpaidExecution` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `UnpaidExecution`.
+    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `UnpaidExecution`.
+    /// @return params The decoded `UnpaidExecutionParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
+    function asUnpaidExecution(
+        Instruction memory instruction
+    ) internal pure returns (UnpaidExecutionParams memory params) {
+        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.UnpaidExecution);
+        bytes memory payload = instruction.payload;
+        uint256 pos;
+        uint256 bytesRead;
+
+        (params.weightLimit, bytesRead) = WeightLimitCodec.decodeAt(
+            payload,
+            pos
+        );
+        pos += bytesRead;
+
+        params.hasCheckOrigin = Bool.decodeAt(payload, pos);
+        pos += 1;
+
+        if (params.hasCheckOrigin) {
+            (params.checkOrigin, bytesRead) = LocationCodec.decodeAt(
+                payload,
+                pos
+            );
+            pos += bytesRead;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `PayFeesParams` from a `PayFees` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `PayFees`.
+    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `PayFees`.
+    /// @return params The decoded `PayFeesParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
+    function asPayFees(
+        Instruction memory instruction
+    ) internal pure returns (PayFeesParams memory params) {
+        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.PayFees);
+        uint256 bytesRead;
+        (params.asset, bytesRead) = AssetCodec.decode(instruction.payload);
+    }
+
+    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `InitiateTransferParams` from a `InitiateTransfer` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `InitiateTransfer`.
+    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `InitiateTransfer`.
+    /// @return params The decoded `InitiateTransferParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
+    function asInitiateTransfer(
+        Instruction memory instruction
+    ) internal pure returns (InitiateTransferParams memory params) {
+        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.InitiateTransfer);
+        bytes memory payload = instruction.payload;
+        uint256 pos;
+        uint256 bytesRead;
+        uint256 assetsCount;
+
+        (params.destination, bytesRead) = LocationCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
+        pos += bytesRead;
+
+        params.hasRemoteFees = Bool.decodeAt(payload, pos);
+        pos += 1;
+
+        if (params.hasRemoteFees) {
+            (params.remoteFees, bytesRead) = AssetTransferFilterCodec.decodeAt(
+                payload,
+                pos
+            );
+            pos += bytesRead;
+        }
+
+        params.preserveOrigin = Bool.decodeAt(payload, pos);
+        pos += 1;
+
+        (assetsCount, bytesRead) = Compact.decodeAt(payload, pos);
+        if (assetsCount > MAX_ASSET_TRANSFER_FILTERS) {
+            revert InvalidInstructionPayload();
+        }
+        pos += bytesRead;
+
+        params.assets = new AssetTransferFilter[](assetsCount);
+        for (uint256 i = 0; i < assetsCount; ++i) {
+            (params.assets[i], bytesRead) = AssetTransferFilterCodec.decodeAt(
+                payload,
+                pos
+            );
+            pos += bytesRead;
+        }
+
+        (params.remoteXcm, bytesRead) = Bytes.decodeAt(payload, pos);
+        pos += bytesRead;
+    }
+
+    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `ExecuteWithOriginParams` from a `ExecuteWithOrigin` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `ExecuteWithOrigin`.
+    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `ExecuteWithOrigin`.
+    /// @return params The decoded `ExecuteWithOriginParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
+    function asExecuteWithOrigin(
+        Instruction memory instruction
+    ) internal pure returns (ExecuteWithOriginParams memory params) {
+        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.ExecuteWithOrigin);
+        bytes memory payload = instruction.payload;
+        uint256 pos;
+        uint256 bytesRead;
+
+        params.hasDescendantOrigin = Bool.decodeAt(payload, pos);
+        pos += 1;
+
+        if (params.hasDescendantOrigin) {
+            (params.descendantOrigin, bytesRead) = JunctionsCodec.decodeAt(
+                payload,
+                pos
+            );
+            pos += bytesRead;
+        }
+
+        (params.xcm, pos) = _decodeXcmAt(payload, pos);
+    }
+
+    /// @notice Extracts the decoded `SetHintsParams` from a `SetHints` instruction. Reverts if the instruction is not of type `SetHints`.
+    /// @param instruction The `Instruction` struct to decode, which must have type `SetHints`.
+    /// @return params The decoded `SetHintsParams` extracted from the instruction payload.
+    function asSetHints(
+        Instruction memory instruction
+    ) internal pure returns (SetHintsParams memory params) {
+        _assertVariant(instruction, InstructionVariant.SetHints);
+        bytes memory payload = instruction.payload;
+        uint256 pos;
+        uint256 bytesRead;
+        uint256 hintsCount;
+
+        (hintsCount, bytesRead) = Compact.decodeAt(payload, pos);
+        if (hintsCount > HINT_NUM_VARIANTS) {
+            revert InvalidInstructionPayload();
+        }
+        pos += bytesRead;
+
+        params.hints = new Hint[](hintsCount);
+        for (uint256 i = 0; i < hintsCount; ++i) {
+            (params.hints[i], bytesRead) = HintCodec.decodeAt(payload, pos);
+            pos += bytesRead;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// @notice Returns the encoded size of an XCM byte sequence at offset.
+    /// @dev XCM encodes as `Vec<Instruction>`: compact count followed by encoded instructions.
+    function _xcmEncodedSizeAt(
+        bytes memory data,
+        uint256 offset
+    ) private pure returns (uint256) {
+        (uint256 count, uint256 countBytes) = Compact.decodeAt(data, offset);
+        uint256 pos = offset + countBytes;
+        for (uint256 i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
+            pos += encodedSizeAt(data, pos);
+        }
+        return pos - offset;
+    }
+
+    function _assertVariant(
+        Instruction memory instruction,
+        InstructionVariant expectedType
+    ) private pure {
+        if (instruction.variant != expectedType) {
+            revert InvalidInstructionVariant(uint8(instruction.variant));
+        }
+    }
+
+    function _decodeXcmAt(
+        bytes memory payload,
+        uint256 offset
+    ) private pure returns (bytes memory xcm, uint256 nextOffset) {
+        uint256 xcmLength = _xcmEncodedSizeAt(payload, offset);
+        xcm = BytesUtils.copy(payload, offset, xcmLength);
+        nextOffset = offset + xcmLength;
+    }
+}