slangmath 1.0.0

package/slang-helpers.js

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+/**
+ * SLaNg Helper Utilities
+ * High-level helpers for common mathematical operations
+ */
+
+import {
+    createTerm,
+    createFraction,
+    definiteIntegrateFraction,
+    expandProduct,
+    simplifyFraction,
+    evaluateEquation,
+    differentiateFraction,
+    deepClone
+} from './slang-math.js';
+
+// ============================================================================
+// EQUATION BUILDERS
+// ============================================================================
+
+/**
+ * Create a polynomial from coefficients
+ * @param {Array<number>} coeffs - Coefficients from highest to lowest degree
+ * @param {string} variable - Variable name (default 'x')
+ * 
+ * Example: polynomial([1, -2, 1], 'x') creates x² - 2x + 1
+ */
+function polynomial(coeffs, variable = 'x') {
+    const terms = [];
+    const degree = coeffs.length - 1;
+
+    for (let i = 0; i < coeffs.length; i++) {
+        const power = degree - i;
+        const coeff = coeffs[i];
+
+        if (coeff === 0) continue;
+
+        if (power === 0) {
+            terms.push(createTerm(coeff));
+        } else {
+            terms.push(createTerm(coeff, { [variable]: power }));
+        }
+    }
+
+    return [[createFraction(terms, 1)]];
+}
+
+/**
+ * Create a monomial: coeff * x^px * y^py * z^pz * ...
+ */
+function monomial(coeff, powers = {}) {
+    return [[createFraction([createTerm(coeff, powers)], 1)]];
+}
+
+/**
+ * Create a sum of monomials
+ * @param {Array} terms - Array of [coeff, powers] pairs
+ * 
+ * Example: sum([[2, {x:2}], [3, {x:1}], [1, {}]]) creates 2x² + 3x + 1
+ */
+function sum(terms) {
+    const slangTerms = terms.map(([coeff, powers]) => createTerm(coeff, powers));
+    return [[createFraction(slangTerms, 1)]];
+}
+
+/**
+ * Create a product of polynomials
+ * @param {Array} factors - Array of polynomial fractions
+ * 
+ * Example: product([[1+x], [1-x]]) creates (1+x)(1-x)
+ */
+function product(...factors) {
+    // Convert each factor array to fraction format
+    const fractions = factors.map(factor => {
+        if (Array.isArray(factor[0][0]?.numi?.terms)) {
+            return factor[0][0]; // Already a fraction
+        }
+        return createFraction(factor.map(([c, p]) => createTerm(c, p)), 1);
+    });
+
+    return [fractions];
+}
+
+// ============================================================================
+// CALCULATION HELPERS
+// ============================================================================
+
+/**
+ * Compute definite integral over a rectangular region
+ * @param {Object} expr - Expression to integrate
+ * @param {Object} bounds - {x: [lower, upper], y: [lower, upper], ...}
+ * 
+ * Example: 
+ * integralOverRegion(xy, {x: [0, 2], y: [0, 3]})
+ * computes ∫₀² ∫₀³ xy dy dx
+ */
+function integralOverRegion(expr, bounds) {
+    let result = deepClone(expr);
+
+    for (let [variable, [lower, upper]] of Object.entries(bounds)) {
+        result = definiteIntegrateFraction(result, lower, upper, variable);
+        result = simplifyFraction(result);
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Compute integral and return numeric value
+ */
+function integralValue(expr, bounds) {
+    const result = integralOverRegion(expr, bounds);
+    return evaluateEquation([[result]], {});
+}
+
+/**
+ * Compute partial derivative with respect to variable
+ * @param {Object} expr - Expression to differentiate
+ * @param {string} variable - Variable to differentiate with respect to
+ * @param {number} order - Order of derivative (default 1)
+ */
+function partialDerivative(expr, variable, order = 1) {
+    let result = deepClone(expr);
+
+    for (let i = 0; i < order; i++) {
+        result = differentiateFraction(result, variable);
+        result = simplifyFraction(result);
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Expand and simplify a product expression
+ */
+function expandAndSimplify(productArray) {
+    const expanded = expandProduct(productArray);
+    return simplifyFraction(expanded);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Evaluate expression at point
+ * @param {Object} expr - Expression in equation format
+ * @param {Object} point - {x: value, y: value, ...}
+ */
+function evaluateAt(expr, point) {
+    return evaluateEquation([Array.isArray(expr) ? expr : [expr]], point);
+}
+
+// ============================================================================
+// COMMON FORMULAS
+// ============================================================================
+
+/**
+ * Common mathematical functions as SLaNg expressions
+ */
+const formulas = {
+    // Circle area element: r dr dθ
+    circleAreaElement: (r = 'r') =>
+        [[createFraction([createTerm(1, { [r]: 1 })], 1)]],
+
+    // Disk of radius R: ∫₀²ᵖ ∫₀ᴿ r dr dθ
+    diskArea: (R) => {
+        const rdr = formulas.circleAreaElement('r');
+        return integralValue(rdr[0][0], { r: [0, R] }) * 2 * Math.PI;
+    },
+
+    // Sphere volume element in spherical coords: r² sin(φ) dr dφ dθ
+    // (approximated for polynomial case)
+
+    // Average value of f over [a,b]: 1/(b-a) ∫ₐᵇ f dx
+    average: (expr, variable, a, b) => {
+        const integral = definiteIntegrateFraction(expr, a, b, variable);
+        const value = evaluateEquation([[integral]], {});
+        return value / (b - a);
+    },
+
+    // Center of mass (1D): ∫ x·ρ(x) dx / ∫ ρ(x) dx
+    centerOfMass1D: (density, variable, a, b) => {
+        // Create x * density
+        const xDensity = deepClone(density);
+        for (let term of xDensity.numi.terms) {
+            if (!term.var) term.var = {};
+            term.var[variable] = (term.var[variable] || 0) + 1;
+        }
+
+        const numerator = integralValue(xDensity, { [variable]: [a, b] });
+        const denominator = integralValue(density, { [variable]: [a, b] });
+
+        return numerator / denominator;
+    }
+};
+
+// ============================================================================
+// GEOMETRY HELPERS
+// ============================================================================
+
+/**
+ * Volume under surface z = f(x,y) over region R
+ */
+function volumeUnderSurface(surface, xBounds, yBounds) {
+    return integralValue(surface, { x: xBounds, y: yBounds });
+}
+
+/**
+ * Area of region in xy-plane (integrate 1 over region)
+ */
+function areaOfRegion(xBounds, yBounds) {
+    const one = createFraction([createTerm(1)], 1);
+    return integralValue(one, { x: xBounds, y: yBounds });
+}
+
+// ============================================================================
+// VERIFICATION HELPERS
+// ============================================================================
+
+/**
+ * Check if integration was done correctly by differentiating
+ */
+function verifyIntegration(original, integrated, variable) {
+    const derivative = differentiateFraction(integrated, variable);
+    const simplified = simplifyFraction(derivative);
+
+    // Compare structures (simple comparison)
+    return JSON.stringify(simplifyFraction(original)) ===
+        JSON.stringify(simplified);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Numerical verification: sample at random points
+ */
+function numericalVerification(expr1, expr2, variables, numSamples = 10) {
+    const errors = [];
+
+    for (let i = 0; i < numSamples; i++) {
+        const point = {};
+        for (let v of variables) {
+            point[v] = Math.random() * 10 - 5; // Random value in [-5, 5]
+        }
+
+        const val1 = evaluateAt([expr1], point);
+        const val2 = evaluateAt([expr2], point);
+        const error = Math.abs(val1 - val2);
+
+        if (error > 1e-10) {
+            errors.push({ point, val1, val2, error });
+        }
+    }
+
+    return {
+        passed: errors.length === 0,
+        errors
+    };
+}
+
+// ============================================================================
+// EXPORTS
+// ============================================================================
+
+export {
+    // Builders
+    polynomial,
+    monomial,
+    sum,
+    product,
+
+    // Calculations
+    integralOverRegion,
+    integralValue,
+    partialDerivative,
+    expandAndSimplify,
+    evaluateAt,
+
+    // Formulas
+    formulas,
+
+    // Geometry
+    volumeUnderSurface,
+    areaOfRegion,
+
+    // Verification
+    verifyIntegration,
+    numericalVerification
+};

package/slang-math.js

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+export * from "./slang-basic.js";
+export * from "./slang-advanced.js";
+export * from "./slang-helpers.js";