sen-ether-client 0.1.7 → 0.2.0

package/lib/client.js

@@ -11,11 +11,14 @@ import {
   encodeConfirmedBusFrame,
   encodeRuntimeMethodCall
 } from './bus.js';
+import { encodePropertyUpdateBuffer } from './values.js';
 import {
   decodeEtherControlMessage,
   decodeProcessTcpHeader,
+  decodeSessionPresenceBeam,
   encodeEtherControlMessage,
   encodeProcessTcpFrame,
+  encodeSessionPresenceBeam,
   ETHER_PROTOCOL_VERSION,
   KERNEL_PROTOCOL_VERSION,
   PROCESS_MESSAGE_CATEGORY
@@ -24,8 +27,11 @@ import { crc32 } from './crc32.js';
 
 const LINUX_OS_KIND = 1;
 const X64_CPU_ARCH = 1;
+const DEFAULT_DISCOVERY_GROUP = '239.255.0.44';
 const DEFAULT_DISCOVERY_PORT = 60543;
 const DEFAULT_BUS_MULTICAST_PORT = 50985;
+const TCP_DISCOVERY_BEAM_SIZE = 508;
+const DEFAULT_BEAM_PERIOD_MS = 1000;
 const BUS_HASH_SEED = 15071983;
 const FNV1A_OFFSET_BASIS = 0x811c9dc5;
 const FNV1A_PRIME = 0x01000193;
@@ -169,6 +175,183 @@ function computeBusMulticastGroup(sessionId, busId, discoveryPort, ranges) {
   return bytes.map((byte, index) => Math.min(Math.max(byte, ranges[index].min), ranges[index].max)).join('.');
 }
 
+function classSpecData(spec) {
+  return spec?.data?.type === 'ClassTypeSpec' ? spec.data.value : undefined;
+}
+
+function localTypeSpec(typeRegistry, typeName) {
+  return typeRegistry?.get?.(typeName) ?? typeRegistry?.[typeName];
+}
+
+function collectClassProperties(spec, typeRegistry, seen = new Set()) {
+  const data = classSpecData(spec);
+  const key = spec?.qualifiedName ?? spec?.name;
+  if (!data || seen.has(key)) {
+    return [];
+  }
+  seen.add(key);
+  return [
+    ...(data.parents ?? []).flatMap(parent => collectClassProperties(localTypeSpec(typeRegistry, parent), typeRegistry, seen)),
+    ...(data.properties ?? [])
+  ];
+}
+
+function inferValueType(value) {
+  if (typeof value === 'boolean') return 'bool';
+  if (typeof value === 'number') return Number.isInteger(value) ? 'i64' : 'f64';
+  if (typeof value === 'bigint') return 'i64';
+  if (Buffer.isBuffer(value) || value instanceof Uint8Array || value instanceof ArrayBuffer) return 'Buffer';
+  if (typeof value === 'string' || value === null || value === undefined) return 'string';
+  throw new TypeError('cannot infer SEN type for structured value; pass an explicit spec and dependent types');
+}
+
+function ensureClassSpec(className, state = {}, spec) {
+  if (spec) return spec;
+  const properties = Object.entries(state || {}).map(([name, value]) => ({
+    name,
+    description: '',
+    category: 'dynamicRO',
+    type: inferValueType(value),
+    transportMode: 'confirmed',
+    tags: [],
+    checkedSet: false
+  }));
+  return {
+    name: String(className || '').split('.').pop() || String(className || ''),
+    qualifiedName: className,
+    description: '',
+    data: {
+      type: 'ClassTypeSpec',
+      value: {
+        properties,
+        methods: [],
+        events: [],
+        constructor: { name: '', description: '', args: [], returnType: '' },
+        parents: [],
+        isInterface: false
+      }
+    }
+  };
+}
+
+function normalizeTypeDefinitions(typeDefinitions = []) {
+  const values = typeDefinitions instanceof Map
+    ? [...typeDefinitions.values()]
+    : Array.isArray(typeDefinitions)
+      ? typeDefinitions
+      : Object.values(typeDefinitions || {});
+  return values.filter(Boolean);
+}
+
+function processKeyFromInfo(info = {}) {
+  return `${info.hostId}:${info.processId}:${info.sessionId}`;
+}
+
+function isSameProcessInfo(a = {}, b = {}) {
+  return (
+    (a.hostId >>> 0) === (b.hostId >>> 0) &&
+    (a.processId >>> 0) === (b.processId >>> 0) &&
+    (a.sessionId >>> 0) === (b.sessionId >>> 0)
+  );
+}
+
+function firstAdvertisableAddress(interfaceAddress) {
+  if (interfaceAddress && interfaceAddress !== '0.0.0.0') {
+    return interfaceAddress;
+  }
+  for (const candidates of Object.values(os.networkInterfaces())) {
+    for (const item of candidates ?? []) {
+      if ((item.family === 'IPv4' || item.family === 4) && !item.internal && item.address) {
+        return item.address;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  return '127.0.0.1';
+}
+
+function parseHostPort(value, fallbackPort) {
+  if (!value) {
+    return undefined;
+  }
+  if (typeof value === 'object') {
+    return { host: value.host ?? '127.0.0.1', port: Number(value.port ?? fallbackPort) };
+  }
+  const text = String(value).trim();
+  const idx = text.lastIndexOf(':');
+  if (idx <= 0) {
+    return { host: text || '127.0.0.1', port: Number(fallbackPort) };
+  }
+  return { host: text.slice(0, idx), port: Number(text.slice(idx + 1)) };
+}
+
+function padDiscoveryBeam(buffer) {
+  if (buffer.length > TCP_DISCOVERY_BEAM_SIZE) {
+    throw new Error(`SEN discovery beam is too large: ${buffer.length} > ${TCP_DISCOVERY_BEAM_SIZE}`);
+  }
+  if (buffer.length === TCP_DISCOVERY_BEAM_SIZE) {
+    return buffer;
+  }
+  const padded = Buffer.alloc(TCP_DISCOVERY_BEAM_SIZE);
+  Buffer.from(buffer).copy(padded);
+  return padded;
+}
+
+function withCloseTimeout(register, timeoutMs = 1000) {
+  return new Promise(resolve => {
+    let done = false;
+    const finish = () => {
+      if (done) return;
+      done = true;
+      clearTimeout(timer);
+      resolve();
+    };
+    const timer = setTimeout(finish, timeoutMs);
+    timer.unref?.();
+    try {
+      register(finish);
+    } catch {
+      finish();
+    }
+  });
+}
+
+function buildLocalObject(input, typeRegistry) {
+  const className = String(input.className ?? input.classname ?? input.type ?? '').trim();
+  if (!className) {
+    throw new TypeError('SEN published object requires className');
+  }
+  const name = String(input.name ?? '').trim();
+  if (!name) {
+    throw new TypeError('SEN published object requires name');
+  }
+  const id = input.id ?? crc32(name);
+  const typeHash = input.typeHash ?? crc32(className);
+  const state = input.state ?? input.snapshot ?? input.properties ?? {};
+  const spec = ensureClassSpec(className, state, input.spec);
+  const registry = new Map(typeRegistry);
+  registry.set(spec.qualifiedName, spec);
+  const properties = collectClassProperties(spec, registry);
+  const stateBuffer = input.stateBuffer
+    ? Buffer.from(input.stateBuffer)
+    : encodePropertyUpdateBuffer(
+      properties
+        .filter(property => Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(state, property.name))
+        .map(property => ({ name: property.name, type: property.type, value: state[property.name] })),
+      registry
+    );
+
+  return {
+    id: id >>> 0,
+    name,
+    className,
+    typeHash: typeHash >>> 0,
+    spec,
+    state,
+    stateBuffer,
+    timestamp: input.timestamp ?? input.time ?? BigInt(Date.now()) * 1_000_000n
+  };
+}
+
 /**
  * Create a ProcessInfo compatible with sen::kernel::getOwnProcessInfo.
  *
@@ -251,7 +434,15 @@ export class EtherClient extends EventEmitter {
       socketKeepAlive: true,
       socketKeepAliveInitialDelayMs: 1000,
       socketIdleTimeoutMs: 0,
+      group: DEFAULT_DISCOVERY_GROUP,
+      bindAddress: undefined,
       discoveryPort: discoveryPortFromEnv() ?? DEFAULT_DISCOVERY_PORT,
+      tcpHub: undefined,
+      listen: true,
+      listenHost: '0.0.0.0',
+      listenPort: 0,
+      advertisedHost: undefined,
+      beamPeriodMs: DEFAULT_BEAM_PERIOD_MS,
       busMulticastPort: DEFAULT_BUS_MULTICAST_PORT,
       busMulticastRange: DEFAULT_MULTICAST_RANGE,
       ...options
@@ -264,107 +455,448 @@ export class EtherClient extends EventEmitter {
     this.busMulticastRange = normalizeMulticastRange(this.options.busMulticastRange);
     this.socket = undefined;
     this.udpSocket = undefined;
+    this.server = undefined;
+    this.discoverySocket = undefined;
+    this.discoveryReceiveBuffer = Buffer.alloc(0);
+    this.discoveryTimer = undefined;
+    this.multicastDiscoverySocket = undefined;
+    this.multicastDiscoveryTimer = undefined;
+    this.connections = new Map();
+    this.connectionsByProcessKey = new Map();
+    this.nextConnectionId = 1;
+    this.listenEndpoint = undefined;
     this.receiveBuffer = Buffer.alloc(0);
     this.remoteProcessInfo = undefined;
     this.ready = false;
     this.buses = new Map();
+    this.remoteParticipantsByBusId = new Map();
   }
 
   /**
-   * Connect to one endpoint from a SessionPresenceBeam process entry.
+   * Start this JS process as an active Ether node.
    *
-   * @param {{ endpoints?: Array<{ host: string, port: number }>, info?: object } | { host: string, port: number }} target
+   * It opens a TCP listener for process-to-process traffic and, when `tcpHub`
+   * is configured, beams its presence to the hub while connecting to compatible
+   * remote processes announced by the hub.
    */
-  async connect(target) {
-    const endpoint = target.host ? target : target.endpoints?.[0];
-    if (!endpoint) {
-      throw new TypeError('SEN ether target must contain host/port or at least one endpoint');
+  async start(options = {}) {
+    const config = { ...this.options, ...options };
+    this.options = config;
+    this.interfaceAddress = resolveInterfaceAddress(this.options.interfaceAddress);
+    if (config.listen !== false && !this.server) {
+      await this.#startServer(config);
+    }
+    if (config.tcpHub && !this.discoverySocket) {
+      await this.#startTcpDiscovery(config);
     }
+    if (!config.tcpHub && config.multicastDiscovery !== false && !this.multicastDiscoverySocket) {
+      await this.#startMulticastDiscovery(config);
+    }
+    return this;
+  }
+
+  async #startServer(config) {
+    const server = net.createServer(socket => {
+      const connection = this.#registerSocket(socket, { incoming: true });
+      this.#configureTcpSocket(socket);
+      this.#sendHello(connection);
+    });
+    this.server = server;
+    server.on('error', error => this.emit('error', error));
 
-    this.udpSocket = dgram.createSocket('udp4');
-    this.udpSocket.on('message', message => this.#onBusFrame(message));
-    this.udpSocket.on('error', error => this.emit('error', error));
     await new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
       const onError = error => {
-        this.udpSocket?.off('listening', onListening);
+        server.off('listening', onListening);
         reject(error);
       };
       const onListening = () => {
-        this.udpSocket?.off('error', onError);
+        server.off('error', onError);
+        const address = server.address();
+        const port = typeof address === 'object' && address ? address.port : config.listenPort;
+        const listenHost = config.listenHost ?? '0.0.0.0';
+        this.listenEndpoint = {
+          host: config.advertisedHost ?? (listenHost === '0.0.0.0' || listenHost === '::'
+            ? firstAdvertisableAddress(this.interfaceAddress)
+            : listenHost),
+          port
+        };
+        this.emit('listening', this.listenEndpoint);
         resolve();
       };
-      this.udpSocket.once('error', onError);
-      this.udpSocket.once('listening', onListening);
-      this.udpSocket.bind(0);
+      server.once('error', onError);
+      server.once('listening', onListening);
+      server.listen(config.listenPort ?? 0, config.listenHost ?? '0.0.0.0');
+    });
+  }
+
+  async #startTcpDiscovery(config) {
+    const hub = parseHostPort(config.tcpHub, 64222);
+    if (!hub?.host || !Number.isInteger(hub.port) || hub.port <= 0) {
+      throw new Error(`invalid SEN TCP discovery hub: ${config.tcpHub}`);
+    }
+    const socket = net.createConnection({ host: hub.host, port: hub.port });
+    this.discoverySocket = socket;
+    socket.on('data', chunk => this.#onDiscoveryData(chunk));
+    socket.on('close', hadError => {
+      if (this.discoverySocket === socket) {
+        this.discoverySocket = undefined;
+      }
+      if (this.discoveryTimer) {
+        clearInterval(this.discoveryTimer);
+        this.discoveryTimer = undefined;
+      }
+      this.emit('discoveryClose', hadError);
+    });
+
+    await new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+      const onError = error => {
+        socket.off('connect', onConnect);
+        reject(error);
+      };
+      const onConnect = () => {
+        socket.off('error', onError);
+        socket.on('error', error => this.emit('error', error));
+        this.#sendDiscoveryBeam();
+        const period = Math.max(100, Number(config.beamPeriodMs ?? DEFAULT_BEAM_PERIOD_MS));
+        this.discoveryTimer = setInterval(() => this.#sendDiscoveryBeam(), period);
+        this.discoveryTimer.unref?.();
+        this.emit('discoveryConnect', hub);
+        resolve();
+      };
+      socket.once('error', onError);
+      socket.once('connect', onConnect);
+    });
+  }
+
+  async #startMulticastDiscovery(config) {
+    if (!this.listenEndpoint) {
+      return;
+    }
+    const group = config.group ?? DEFAULT_DISCOVERY_GROUP;
+    const port = config.port ?? config.discoveryPort ?? this.options.discoveryPort;
+    const bindAddress = config.bindAddress ?? (process.platform === 'win32' ? undefined : group);
+    const socket = dgram.createSocket({ type: 'udp4', reuseAddr: true });
+    this.multicastDiscoverySocket = socket;
+    socket.on('message', (message, remote) => this.#onMulticastDiscoveryMessage(message, remote));
+    socket.on('error', error => this.emit('error', error));
+
+    await new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+      const onError = error => {
+        socket.off('listening', onListening);
+        reject(error);
+      };
+      const onListening = () => {
+        socket.off('error', onError);
+        try {
+          const interfaces = multicastInterfaceCandidates(this.interfaceAddress);
+          if (interfaces.length) {
+            let joined = 0;
+            let firstError;
+            for (const interfaceAddress of interfaces) {
+              try {
+                socket.addMembership(group, interfaceAddress);
+                joined += 1;
+              } catch (error) {
+                firstError ??= error;
+              }
+            }
+            if (!joined) {
+              throw firstError ?? new Error(`could not join multicast group ${group}`);
+            }
+          } else {
+            socket.addMembership(group);
+          }
+          socket.setMulticastLoopback(true);
+          if (this.interfaceAddress) {
+            socket.setMulticastInterface(this.interfaceAddress);
+          }
+          this.#sendMulticastDiscoveryBeam();
+          const period = Math.max(100, Number(config.beamPeriodMs ?? DEFAULT_BEAM_PERIOD_MS));
+          this.multicastDiscoveryTimer = setInterval(() => this.#sendMulticastDiscoveryBeam(), period);
+          this.multicastDiscoveryTimer.unref?.();
+          this.emit('multicastDiscoveryStart', { group, port });
+          resolve();
+        } catch (error) {
+          reject(error);
+        }
+      };
+      socket.once('error', onError);
+      socket.once('listening', onListening);
+      socket.bind(port, bindAddress);
+    });
+  }
+
+  #discoveryBeamBuffer({ padded = false } = {}) {
+    const beam = encodeSessionPresenceBeam({
+      protocolVersion: this.options.etherProtocolVersion,
+      info: this.processInfo,
+      beamPeriodNs: BigInt(Math.max(100, Number(this.options.beamPeriodMs ?? DEFAULT_BEAM_PERIOD_MS))) * 1_000_000n,
+      endpoints: [this.listenEndpoint]
+    });
+    return padded ? padDiscoveryBeam(beam) : beam;
+  }
+
+  #sendDiscoveryBeam() {
+    if (!this.discoverySocket || this.discoverySocket.destroyed || !this.listenEndpoint) {
+      return;
+    }
+    this.discoverySocket.write(this.#discoveryBeamBuffer({ padded: true }), error => {
+      if (error) {
+        this.emit('error', error);
+      }
     });
+  }
 
-    this.socket = net.createConnection({ host: endpoint.host, port: endpoint.port });
-    this.socket.on('data', chunk => this.#onTcpData(chunk));
-    this.socket.on('close', hadError => {
-      this.ready = false;
-      this.emit('close', hadError);
+  #sendMulticastDiscoveryBeam() {
+    const socket = this.multicastDiscoverySocket;
+    if (!socket || !this.listenEndpoint) {
+      return;
+    }
+    const group = this.options.group ?? DEFAULT_DISCOVERY_GROUP;
+    const port = this.options.port ?? this.options.discoveryPort;
+    const beam = this.#discoveryBeamBuffer();
+    socket.send(beam, port, group, error => {
+      if (error) {
+        this.emit('error', error);
+      }
     });
+  }
+
+  #onDiscoveryData(chunk) {
+    this.discoveryReceiveBuffer = Buffer.concat([this.discoveryReceiveBuffer, chunk]);
+    while (this.discoveryReceiveBuffer.length >= TCP_DISCOVERY_BEAM_SIZE) {
+      const message = this.discoveryReceiveBuffer.subarray(0, TCP_DISCOVERY_BEAM_SIZE);
+      this.discoveryReceiveBuffer = this.discoveryReceiveBuffer.subarray(TCP_DISCOVERY_BEAM_SIZE);
+      this.#onDiscoveryBeam(message);
+    }
+  }
+
+  #onDiscoveryBeam(message) {
+    let beam;
+    try {
+      beam = decodeSessionPresenceBeam(message);
+    } catch (error) {
+      this.emit('decodeError', error, message);
+      return;
+    }
+    if (beam.info.sessionId !== this.processInfo.sessionId || isSameProcessInfo(beam.info, this.processInfo)) {
+      return;
+    }
+    const key = processKeyFromInfo(beam.info);
+    this.emit('beam', beam);
+    if (this.connectionsByProcessKey.has(key)) {
+      return;
+    }
+    const endpoint = beam.endpoints?.[0];
+    if (!endpoint) {
+      return;
+    }
+    this.connect({ ...beam, info: beam.info, endpoints: beam.endpoints }).catch(error => this.emit('warning', error));
+  }
+
+  #onMulticastDiscoveryMessage(message, remote) {
+    let beam;
+    try {
+      beam = decodeSessionPresenceBeam(message);
+    } catch (error) {
+      this.emit('decodeError', error, message, remote);
+      return;
+    }
+    if (beam.info.sessionId !== this.processInfo.sessionId || isSameProcessInfo(beam.info, this.processInfo)) {
+      return;
+    }
+    const key = processKeyFromInfo(beam.info);
+    this.emit('beam', beam);
+    if (this.connectionsByProcessKey.has(key)) {
+      return;
+    }
+    if (!beam.endpoints?.length) {
+      return;
+    }
+    this.connect({ ...beam, info: beam.info, endpoints: beam.endpoints }).catch(error => this.emit('warning', error));
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Connect to one endpoint from a SessionPresenceBeam process entry.
+   *
+   * @param {{ endpoints?: Array<{ host: string, port: number }>, info?: object } | { host: string, port: number }} target
+   */
+  async connect(target) {
+    const endpoint = target.host ? target : target.endpoints?.[0];
+    if (!endpoint) {
+      throw new TypeError('SEN ether target must contain host/port or at least one endpoint');
+    }
+
+    if (!this.udpSocket) {
+      this.udpSocket = dgram.createSocket('udp4');
+      this.udpSocket.on('message', message => this.#onBusFrame(message));
+      this.udpSocket.on('error', error => this.emit('error', error));
+      await new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+        const onError = error => {
+          this.udpSocket?.off('listening', onListening);
+          reject(error);
+        };
+        const onListening = () => {
+          this.udpSocket?.off('error', onError);
+          resolve();
+        };
+        this.udpSocket.once('error', onError);
+        this.udpSocket.once('listening', onListening);
+        this.udpSocket.bind(0);
+      });
+    }
+
+    const socket = net.createConnection({ host: endpoint.host, port: endpoint.port });
+    const connection = this.#registerSocket(socket, { target, incoming: false });
 
     await new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
       const onError = error => {
-        this.socket?.off('connect', onConnect);
+        socket.off('connect', onConnect);
         reject(error);
       };
       const onConnect = () => {
-        this.socket?.off('error', onError);
-        this.socket?.on('error', error => this.emit('error', error));
-        this.#configureTcpSocket();
+        socket.off('error', onError);
+        socket.on('error', error => this.emit('error', error));
+        this.#configureTcpSocket(socket);
         try {
-          this.#sendHello();
+          this.#sendHello(connection);
           resolve();
         } catch (error) {
           reject(error);
         }
       };
-      this.socket.once('error', onError);
-      this.socket.once('connect', onConnect);
+      socket.once('error', onError);
+      socket.once('connect', onConnect);
     });
 
     return this;
   }
 
-  #configureTcpSocket() {
+  #registerSocket(socket, metadata = {}) {
+    const connection = {
+      id: this.nextConnectionId++,
+      socket,
+      incoming: Boolean(metadata.incoming),
+      target: metadata.target,
+      receiveBuffer: Buffer.alloc(0),
+      remoteProcessInfo: metadata.target?.info,
+      ready: false
+    };
+    this.connections.set(connection.id, connection);
     if (!this.socket) {
+      this.socket = socket;
+    }
+    socket.on('data', chunk => this.#onTcpData(connection, chunk));
+    socket.on('close', hadError => {
+      this.#removeConnection(connection);
+      this.emit('connectionClose', { connection, hadError });
+      if (!this.connections.size) {
+        this.ready = false;
+        this.emit('close', hadError);
+      }
+    });
+    return connection;
+  }
+
+  #removeConnection(connection) {
+    this.connections.delete(connection.id);
+    if (connection.processKey) {
+      this.connectionsByProcessKey.delete(connection.processKey);
+    }
+    for (const [busId, participants] of this.remoteParticipantsByBusId) {
+      for (const [participantId, participant] of participants) {
+        if (participant.connection === connection) {
+          participants.delete(participantId);
+        }
+      }
+      if (!participants.size) {
+        this.remoteParticipantsByBusId.delete(busId);
+      }
+    }
+    for (const busState of this.buses.values()) {
+      for (const [key, interest] of busState.remoteInterests) {
+        if (interest.connection === connection) {
+          busState.remoteInterests.delete(key);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    if (this.socket === connection.socket) {
+      this.socket = [...this.connections.values()][0]?.socket;
+    }
+  }
+
+  #configureTcpSocket(socket) {
+    if (!socket) {
       return;
     }
     if (this.options.socketKeepAlive !== false) {
-      this.socket.setKeepAlive(true, this.options.socketKeepAliveInitialDelayMs ?? 1000);
+      socket.setKeepAlive(true, this.options.socketKeepAliveInitialDelayMs ?? 1000);
     }
     if (this.options.socketIdleTimeoutMs > 0) {
-      this.socket.setTimeout(this.options.socketIdleTimeoutMs, () => {
+      socket.setTimeout(this.options.socketIdleTimeoutMs, () => {
         const error = new Error(`SEN ether TCP socket idle timeout after ${this.options.socketIdleTimeoutMs}ms`);
         error.code = 'SEN_TCP_IDLE_TIMEOUT';
-        this.socket?.destroy(error);
+        socket.destroy(error);
       });
     }
   }
 
   async close() {
-    const socket = this.socket;
+    const sockets = [...this.connections.values()].map(connection => connection.socket);
+    this.connections.clear();
+    this.connectionsByProcessKey.clear();
     this.socket = undefined;
     const udpSocket = this.udpSocket;
     this.udpSocket = undefined;
+    const server = this.server;
+    this.server = undefined;
+    const discoverySocket = this.discoverySocket;
+    this.discoverySocket = undefined;
+    const multicastDiscoverySocket = this.multicastDiscoverySocket;
+    this.multicastDiscoverySocket = undefined;
+    if (this.discoveryTimer) {
+      clearInterval(this.discoveryTimer);
+      this.discoveryTimer = undefined;
+    }
+    if (this.multicastDiscoveryTimer) {
+      clearInterval(this.multicastDiscoveryTimer);
+      this.multicastDiscoveryTimer = undefined;
+    }
 
     const closing = [];
-    if (socket && !socket.destroyed) {
-      closing.push(new Promise(resolve => {
-        socket.once('close', resolve);
-        socket.destroy();
+    for (const socket of sockets) {
+      if (socket && !socket.destroyed) {
+        closing.push(withCloseTimeout(resolve => {
+          socket.once('close', resolve);
+          socket.destroy();
+        }));
+      }
+    }
+    if (server) {
+      server.closeAllConnections?.();
+      closing.push(withCloseTimeout(resolve => {
+        server.close(resolve);
+      }));
+    }
+    if (discoverySocket && !discoverySocket.destroyed) {
+      closing.push(withCloseTimeout(resolve => {
+        discoverySocket.once('close', resolve);
+        discoverySocket.destroy();
+      }));
+    }
+    if (multicastDiscoverySocket) {
+      closing.push(withCloseTimeout(resolve => {
+        multicastDiscoverySocket.close(resolve);
       }));
     }
     if (udpSocket) {
-      closing.push(new Promise(resolve => {
+      closing.push(withCloseTimeout(resolve => {
         udpSocket.close(resolve);
       }));
     }
     for (const busState of this.buses.values()) {
       if (busState.multicastSocket) {
-        closing.push(new Promise(resolve => {
+        closing.push(withCloseTimeout(resolve => {
           busState.multicastSocket.close(resolve);
         }));
       }
@@ -381,11 +913,21 @@ export class EtherClient extends EventEmitter {
    * @param {{ participantId?: number }} [options]
    */
   async joinBus(busName, options = {}) {
-    if (!this.socket) {
-      throw new Error('EtherClient is not connected');
+    if (!this.connections.size && !this.server) {
+      throw new Error('EtherClient is not connected or started');
     }
 
     const busId = crc32(busName);
+    const existing = this.buses.get(busId);
+    if (existing) {
+      return {
+        busName: existing.busName,
+        busId: existing.busId,
+        participantId: existing.participantId,
+        multicastGroup: existing.multicastGroup,
+        multicastPort: this.options.busMulticastPort
+      };
+    }
     const participantId = options.participantId ?? randomUInt32();
     const bus = {
       busName,
@@ -393,6 +935,10 @@ export class EtherClient extends EventEmitter {
       participantId,
       readyRemoteParticipants: new Set(),
       interests: new Map(),
+      remoteInterests: new Map(),
+      publishedObjects: new Map(),
+      localTypeRegistry: new Map(),
+      localTypeResponsesByHash: new Map(),
       multicastSocket: undefined,
       multicastGroup: undefined
     };
@@ -407,7 +953,7 @@ export class EtherClient extends EventEmitter {
       throw error;
     }
 
-    this.#sendControlPayload(encodeEtherControlMessage({
+    this.#sendControlPayloadToAll(encodeEtherControlMessage({
       type: 'BusJoined',
       value: {
         participantId,
@@ -416,6 +962,13 @@ export class EtherClient extends EventEmitter {
       }
     }));
 
+    for (const participant of this.#remoteParticipantsForBus(bus.busId)) {
+      this.#sendBusControlToConnection(bus, participant.connection, {
+        type: 'RemoteParticipantReady',
+        value: { id: participant.id }
+      });
+    }
+
     this.emit('busJoinedLocal', {
       busName,
       busId,
@@ -445,7 +998,7 @@ export class EtherClient extends EventEmitter {
   startInterest(bus, query, options = {}) {
     const busState = this.#getBus(bus);
     const id = options.id ?? crc32(query);
-    this.#sendBusControl(busState, busState.participantId, {
+    this.#sendBusControlToRemoteParticipants(busState, {
       type: 'InterestStarted',
       value: { query, id }
     });
@@ -455,8 +1008,19 @@ export class EtherClient extends EventEmitter {
   }
 
   #restartInterestForRemote(busState) {
+    for (const participant of this.#remoteParticipantsForBus(busState.busId)) {
+      for (const interest of busState.interests.values()) {
+        this.#sendBusControlToConnection(busState, participant.connection, {
+          type: 'InterestStarted',
+          value: { query: interest.query, id: interest.id }
+        });
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  #restartInterestForConnection(busState, connection) {
     for (const interest of busState.interests.values()) {
-      this.#sendBusControl(busState, busState.participantId, {
+      this.#sendBusControlToConnection(busState, connection, {
         type: 'InterestStarted',
         value: { query: interest.query, id: interest.id }
       });
@@ -472,7 +1036,7 @@ export class EtherClient extends EventEmitter {
   stopInterest(bus, id) {
     const busState = this.#getBus(bus);
     busState.interests.delete(id);
-    this.#sendBusControl(busState, busState.participantId, {
+    this.#sendBusControlToRemoteParticipants(busState, {
       type: 'InterestStopped',
       value: { id }
     });
@@ -491,7 +1055,7 @@ export class EtherClient extends EventEmitter {
       return { busName: busState.busName, busId: busState.busId, requests };
     }
 
-    this.#sendBusControl(busState, busState.participantId, {
+    this.#sendBusControlToRemoteParticipants(busState, {
       type: 'TypesInfoRequest',
       value: {
         ownerId: busState.participantId,
@@ -521,7 +1085,7 @@ export class EtherClient extends EventEmitter {
       return { busName: busState.busName, busId: busState.busId, requests: normalized };
     }
 
-    this.#sendBusControl(busState, busState.participantId, {
+    this.#sendBusControlToRemoteParticipants(busState, {
       type: 'ObjectsStateRequest',
       value: {
         ownerId: busState.participantId,
@@ -532,6 +1096,75 @@ export class EtherClient extends EventEmitter {
     return { busName: busState.busName, busId: busState.busId, requests: normalized };
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Publish local JavaScript objects on a joined SEN bus.
+   *
+   * Objects need at least `{ name, className, properties }`. A `spec` can be
+   * supplied for exact SEN typing; otherwise a simple ClassTypeSpec is inferred
+   * from the current property values.
+   *
+   * @param {string | number} bus Bus name or bus id.
+   * @param {object|object[]} objects
+   * @param {{ types?: Map<string, object>|Record<string, object>|object[] }} [options]
+   */
+  publishObjects(bus, objects, options = {}) {
+    const busState = this.#getBus(bus);
+    const list = Array.isArray(objects) ? objects : [objects];
+    const externalTypes = normalizeTypeDefinitions(options.types);
+    for (const type of externalTypes) {
+      this.#registerLocalType(busState, type);
+    }
+
+    const published = [];
+    for (const item of list) {
+      const localObject = buildLocalObject(item, busState.localTypeRegistry);
+      busState.publishedObjects.set(localObject.id, localObject);
+      this.#registerLocalType(busState, localObject.spec, localObject.typeHash);
+      published.push(localObject);
+    }
+
+    if (published.length) {
+      this.#publishObjectsToRemoteInterests(busState, published);
+    }
+
+    this.emit('objectsPublishedLocal', {
+      busName: busState.busName,
+      busId: busState.busId,
+      objects: published
+    });
+    return published;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Remove previously published local objects from a joined bus.
+   *
+   * @param {string | number} bus Bus name or bus id.
+   * @param {Array<string|number>|string|number} objects Object ids or names.
+   */
+  removePublishedObjects(bus, objects) {
+    const busState = this.#getBus(bus);
+    const selectors = Array.isArray(objects) ? objects : [objects];
+    const removed = [];
+    for (const selector of selectors) {
+      const id = typeof selector === 'number'
+        ? selector >>> 0
+        : [...busState.publishedObjects.values()].find(object => object.name === selector)?.id;
+      if (id === undefined) continue;
+      if (busState.publishedObjects.delete(id)) removed.push(id);
+    }
+
+    if (removed.length) {
+      this.#removeObjectsFromRemoteInterests(busState, removed);
+    }
+
+    this.emit('objectsRemovedLocal', {
+      busName: busState.busName,
+      busId: busState.busId,
+      objectIds: removed
+    });
+    return removed;
+  }
+
   /**
    * Send a runtime method call to a remote participant on a joined bus.
    *
@@ -546,6 +1179,7 @@ export class EtherClient extends EventEmitter {
    */
   sendRuntimeMethodCall(bus, call) {
     const busState = this.#getBus(bus);
+    const remote = this.#remoteParticipantForBus(busState.busId, call.to);
     const message = encodeRuntimeMethodCall({
       ownerId: busState.participantId,
       objectId: call.objectId,
@@ -554,7 +1188,7 @@ export class EtherClient extends EventEmitter {
       confirmed: call.confirmed,
       argumentsBuffer: call.argumentsBuffer
     });
-    this.#sendBusMessage(busState, call.to, message);
+    this.#sendBusMessageToConnection(busState, remote?.connection, message);
     this.emit('runtimeMethodCallSent', {
       busName: busState.busName,
       busId: busState.busId,
@@ -577,7 +1211,7 @@ export class EtherClient extends EventEmitter {
       this.stopInterest(busState.busId, id);
     }
 
-    this.#sendControlPayload(encodeEtherControlMessage({
+    this.#sendControlPayloadToAll(encodeEtherControlMessage({
       type: 'BusLeft',
       value: {
         participantId: busState.participantId,
@@ -597,7 +1231,7 @@ export class EtherClient extends EventEmitter {
     });
   }
 
-  #sendHello() {
+  #sendHello(connection) {
     const udpPort = this.udpSocket?.address()?.port;
     const payload = encodeEtherControlMessage({
       type: 'Hello',
@@ -610,15 +1244,15 @@ export class EtherClient extends EventEmitter {
         }
       }
     });
-    this.#sendControlPayload(payload);
+    this.#sendControlPayloadToConnection(connection, payload);
   }
 
-  #sendReady() {
-    this.#sendControlPayload(encodeEtherControlMessage({ type: 'Ready' }));
+  #sendReady(connection) {
+    this.#sendControlPayloadToConnection(connection, encodeEtherControlMessage({ type: 'Ready' }));
   }
 
-  #sendControlPayload(payload) {
-    const socket = this.#writableSocket();
+  #sendControlPayloadToConnection(connection, payload) {
+    const socket = this.#writableConnectionSocket(connection);
     socket.write(encodeProcessTcpFrame(PROCESS_MESSAGE_CATEGORY.controlMessage, payload), error => {
       if (error) {
         this.emit('error', error);
@@ -626,88 +1260,158 @@ export class EtherClient extends EventEmitter {
     });
   }
 
-  #onTcpData(chunk) {
-    this.receiveBuffer = Buffer.concat([this.receiveBuffer, chunk]);
+  #sendControlPayloadToAll(payload) {
+    for (const connection of this.connections.values()) {
+      this.#sendControlPayloadToConnection(connection, payload);
+    }
+  }
+
+  #onTcpData(connection, chunk) {
+    connection.receiveBuffer = Buffer.concat([connection.receiveBuffer, chunk]);
 
-    while (this.receiveBuffer.length >= 5) {
-      const header = decodeProcessTcpHeader(this.receiveBuffer);
+    while (connection.receiveBuffer.length >= 5) {
+      const header = decodeProcessTcpHeader(connection.receiveBuffer);
       const frameSize = 5 + header.payloadSize;
-      if (this.receiveBuffer.length < frameSize) {
+      if (connection.receiveBuffer.length < frameSize) {
         return;
       }
 
-      const payload = this.receiveBuffer.subarray(5, frameSize);
-      this.receiveBuffer = this.receiveBuffer.subarray(frameSize);
-      this.#onFrame(header.category, payload);
+      const payload = connection.receiveBuffer.subarray(5, frameSize);
+      connection.receiveBuffer = connection.receiveBuffer.subarray(frameSize);
+      this.#onFrame(connection, header.category, payload);
     }
   }
 
-  #onFrame(category, payload) {
+  #onFrame(connection, category, payload) {
     if (category === PROCESS_MESSAGE_CATEGORY.controlMessage) {
       const message = decodeEtherControlMessage(payload);
-      this.emit('controlMessage', message);
-      this.#onControlMessage(message);
+      this.emit('controlMessage', message, connection);
+      this.#onControlMessage(connection, message);
       return;
     }
 
     if (category === PROCESS_MESSAGE_CATEGORY.busMessage) {
-      this.#onBusFrame(payload);
+      this.#onBusFrame(payload, connection);
       return;
     }
 
     this.emit('error', new RangeError(`unknown SEN process frame category: ${category}`));
   }
 
-  #onControlMessage(message) {
+  #onControlMessage(connection, message) {
     switch (message.type) {
       case 'Hello':
-        this.#onHello(message.value);
+        this.#onHello(connection, message.value);
         break;
       case 'Ready':
+        connection.ready = true;
         this.ready = true;
-        this.emit('ready', this.remoteProcessInfo);
+        this.emit('ready', connection.remoteProcessInfo);
+        this.emit('connectionReady', { connection, remoteProcessInfo: connection.remoteProcessInfo });
         break;
       case 'BusJoined':
-        this.emit('busJoined', message.value);
+        this.#onRemoteBusJoined(connection, message.value);
         break;
       case 'BusLeft':
-        this.emit('busLeft', message.value);
+        this.#onRemoteBusLeft(connection, message.value);
         break;
       default:
         this.emit('error', new RangeError(`unknown SEN ether control message: ${message.type}`));
     }
   }
 
-  #onHello(hello) {
+  #onHello(connection, hello) {
     try {
       validateRemoteHello(hello, this.options, this.processInfo);
     } catch (error) {
-      this.socket?.destroy(error);
+      connection.socket?.destroy(error);
       return;
     }
 
-    this.remoteProcessInfo = hello.info;
+    connection.remoteProcessInfo = hello.info;
+    connection.processKey = processKeyFromInfo(hello.info);
+    this.connectionsByProcessKey.set(connection.processKey, connection);
+    this.remoteProcessInfo ??= hello.info;
     this.emit('remoteProcess', hello);
     try {
-      this.#sendReady();
+      this.#sendReady(connection);
+      this.#announceLocalBusesToConnection(connection);
     } catch (error) {
       this.emit('error', error);
     }
   }
 
-  #onBusFrame(payload) {
+  #announceLocalBusesToConnection(connection) {
+    for (const busState of this.buses.values()) {
+      this.#sendControlPayloadToConnection(connection, encodeEtherControlMessage({
+        type: 'BusJoined',
+        value: {
+          participantId: busState.participantId,
+          busId: busState.busId,
+          busName: busState.busName
+        }
+      }));
+    }
+  }
+
+  #onRemoteBusJoined(connection, value) {
+    const participant = {
+      id: value.participantId >>> 0,
+      busId: value.busId >>> 0,
+      busName: value.busName,
+      connection
+    };
+    let participants = this.remoteParticipantsByBusId.get(participant.busId);
+    if (!participants) {
+      participants = new Map();
+      this.remoteParticipantsByBusId.set(participant.busId, participants);
+    }
+    participants.set(participant.id, participant);
+    this.emit('busJoined', { ...value, connection });
+
+    const busState = this.buses.get(participant.busId);
+    if (busState) {
+      this.#sendBusControlToConnection(busState, connection, {
+        type: 'RemoteParticipantReady',
+        value: { id: participant.id }
+      });
+      this.#restartInterestForConnection(busState, connection);
+      this.#publishObjectsToRemoteInterests(busState, [...busState.publishedObjects.values()]);
+    }
+  }
+
+  #onRemoteBusLeft(connection, value) {
+    const busId = value.busId >>> 0;
+    const participantId = value.participantId >>> 0;
+    const participants = this.remoteParticipantsByBusId.get(busId);
+    participants?.delete(participantId);
+    if (participants && !participants.size) {
+      this.remoteParticipantsByBusId.delete(busId);
+    }
+    const busState = this.buses.get(busId);
+    if (busState) {
+      for (const [key, interest] of busState.remoteInterests) {
+        if (interest.connection === connection && interest.participantId === participantId) {
+          busState.remoteInterests.delete(key);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    this.emit('busLeft', { ...value, connection });
+  }
+
+  #onBusFrame(payload, connection = undefined) {
     const frame = decodeConfirmedBusFrame(payload);
     const busMessage = decodeBusMessage(frame.message);
-    this.emit('busFrame', { ...frame, busMessage });
+    this.emit('busFrame', { ...frame, busMessage, connection });
 
     if (busMessage.categoryName !== 'controlMessage') {
-      this.emit(busMessage.categoryName, { ...frame, ...busMessage });
+      this.emit(busMessage.categoryName, { ...frame, ...busMessage, connection });
       return;
     }
 
     const busState = this.buses.get(frame.busId);
     const control = busMessage.control;
-    this.emit('busControlMessage', { ...frame, control });
+    this.emit('busControlMessage', { ...frame, control, connection });
 
     if (!busState) {
       return;
@@ -715,22 +1419,34 @@ export class EtherClient extends EventEmitter {
 
     switch (control.type) {
       case 'RemoteParticipantReady':
-        this.#onRemoteParticipantReady(busState, frame, control.value);
+        this.#onRemoteParticipantReady(busState, frame, control.value, connection);
+        break;
+      case 'InterestStarted':
+        this.#onRemoteInterestStarted(busState, frame, control.value, connection);
+        break;
+      case 'InterestStopped':
+        this.#onRemoteInterestStopped(busState, frame, control.value, connection);
         break;
       case 'ObjectsPublished':
-        this.emit('objectsPublished', { bus: busState, ...control.value });
+        this.emit('objectsPublished', { bus: busState, connection, ...control.value });
         break;
       case 'ObjectsRemoved':
-        this.emit('objectsRemoved', { bus: busState, ...control.value });
+        this.emit('objectsRemoved', { bus: busState, connection, ...control.value });
         break;
       case 'ObjectsStateResponse':
-        this.emit('objectsStateResponse', { bus: busState, ...control.value });
+        this.emit('objectsStateResponse', { bus: busState, connection, ...control.value });
         break;
       case 'TypesInfoResponse':
-        this.emit('typesInfoResponse', { bus: busState, ...control.value });
+        this.emit('typesInfoResponse', { bus: busState, connection, ...control.value });
         break;
       case 'TypesInfoRejection':
-        this.emit('typesInfoRejection', { bus: busState, ...control.value });
+        this.emit('typesInfoRejection', { bus: busState, connection, ...control.value });
+        break;
+      case 'ObjectsStateRequest':
+        this.#onObjectsStateRequest(busState, frame, control.value, connection);
+        break;
+      case 'TypesInfoRequest':
+        this.#onTypesInfoRequest(busState, frame, control.value, connection);
         break;
       default:
         break;
@@ -807,7 +1523,7 @@ export class EtherClient extends EventEmitter {
     });
   }
 
-  #onRemoteParticipantReady(busState, frame, value) {
+  #onRemoteParticipantReady(busState, frame, value, connection) {
     if (value.id !== busState.participantId) {
       return;
     }
@@ -815,29 +1531,210 @@ export class EtherClient extends EventEmitter {
     const remoteParticipantId = frame.to >>> 0;
     if (!busState.readyRemoteParticipants.has(remoteParticipantId)) {
       busState.readyRemoteParticipants.add(remoteParticipantId);
-      this.#sendBusControl(busState, busState.participantId, {
+      this.#sendBusControlToConnection(busState, connection, {
         type: 'RemoteParticipantReady',
         value: { id: remoteParticipantId }
       });
-      this.#restartInterestForRemote(busState);
+      this.#restartInterestForConnection(busState, connection);
       this.emit('busParticipantReady', {
         busName: busState.busName,
         busId: busState.busId,
         participantId: busState.participantId,
-        remoteParticipantId
+        remoteParticipantId,
+        connection
+      });
+    }
+  }
+
+  #onRemoteInterestStarted(busState, frame, value, connection) {
+    const remoteParticipantId = frame.to >>> 0;
+    const id = value.id >>> 0;
+    const key = `${connection?.id ?? 0}:${remoteParticipantId}:${id}`;
+    busState.remoteInterests.set(key, {
+      participantId: remoteParticipantId,
+      connection,
+      id,
+      query: value.query
+    });
+    this.emit('remoteInterestStarted', {
+      busName: busState.busName,
+      busId: busState.busId,
+      participantId: remoteParticipantId,
+      connection,
+      id,
+      query: value.query
+    });
+    this.#publishObjectsToRemoteInterests(busState, [...busState.publishedObjects.values()], [key]);
+  }
+
+  #onRemoteInterestStopped(busState, frame, value, connection) {
+    const remoteParticipantId = frame.to >>> 0;
+    const id = value.id >>> 0;
+    busState.remoteInterests.delete(`${connection?.id ?? 0}:${remoteParticipantId}:${id}`);
+    this.emit('remoteInterestStopped', {
+      busName: busState.busName,
+      busId: busState.busId,
+      participantId: remoteParticipantId,
+      connection,
+      id
+    });
+  }
+
+  #onObjectsStateRequest(busState, frame, value, connection) {
+    const remoteParticipantId = frame.to >>> 0;
+    const responses = [];
+    for (const request of value.requests ?? []) {
+      const objectStates = [];
+      for (const objectId of request.objectIds ?? []) {
+        const object = busState.publishedObjects.get(objectId >>> 0);
+        if (!object) continue;
+        objectStates.push({
+          id: object.id,
+          timestamp: object.timestamp,
+          state: object.stateBuffer
+        });
+      }
+      if (objectStates.length) {
+        responses.push({ interestId: request.interestId, objectStates });
+      }
+    }
+    if (!responses.length) return;
+    this.#sendBusControlToConnection(busState, connection, {
+      type: 'ObjectsStateResponse',
+      value: {
+        ownerId: busState.participantId,
+        responses
+      }
+    });
+  }
+
+  #onTypesInfoRequest(busState, frame, value, connection) {
+    const remoteParticipantId = frame.to >>> 0;
+    const types = [];
+    const rejections = [];
+    for (const request of value.requests ?? []) {
+      const type = busState.localTypeResponsesByHash.get(request >>> 0);
+      if (type) {
+        types.push(type);
+      } else {
+        rejections.push(String(request));
+      }
+    }
+    if (types.length) {
+      this.#sendBusControlToConnection(busState, connection, {
+        type: 'TypesInfoResponse',
+        value: {
+          ownerId: busState.participantId,
+          types
+        }
+      });
+    }
+    if (rejections.length) {
+      this.#sendBusControlToConnection(busState, connection, {
+        type: 'TypesInfoRejection',
+        value: {
+          ownerId: busState.participantId,
+          rejections
+        }
       });
     }
   }
 
-  #sendBusControl(busState, to, message) {
+  #registerLocalType(busState, spec, hash = crc32(spec?.qualifiedName ?? spec?.name ?? '')) {
+    if (!spec?.qualifiedName) return;
+    busState.localTypeRegistry.set(spec.qualifiedName, spec);
+    const response = spec.data?.type === 'ClassTypeSpec'
+      ? {
+        type: 'ClassSpecResponse',
+        classHash: hash >>> 0,
+        spec,
+        dependentTypes: []
+      }
+      : {
+        type: 'NonClassSpecResponse',
+        spec
+      };
+    busState.localTypeResponsesByHash.set((hash >>> 0), response);
+  }
+
+  #publishObjectsToRemoteInterests(busState, objects, keys = undefined) {
+    if (!objects.length) return;
+    const targets = (keys ?? [...busState.remoteInterests.keys()])
+      .map(key => busState.remoteInterests.get(key))
+      .filter(Boolean);
+    if (!targets.length) return;
+
+    const byConnection = new Map();
+    for (const interest of targets) {
+      const connection = interest.connection;
+      if (!connection) continue;
+      const list = byConnection.get(connection) ?? [];
+      list.push({
+        interestId: interest.id,
+        objects: objects.map(object => ({
+          className: object.className,
+          typeHash: object.typeHash,
+          name: object.name,
+          id: object.id,
+          state: object.stateBuffer,
+          time: object.timestamp
+        }))
+      });
+      byConnection.set(connection, list);
+    }
+
+    for (const [connection, discoveries] of byConnection) {
+      this.#sendBusControlToConnection(busState, connection, {
+        type: 'ObjectsPublished',
+        value: {
+          ownerId: busState.participantId,
+          discoveries
+        }
+      });
+    }
+  }
+
+  #removeObjectsFromRemoteInterests(busState, objectIds) {
+    const targets = [...busState.remoteInterests.values()];
+    if (!targets.length || !objectIds.length) return;
+    const byConnection = new Map();
+    for (const interest of targets) {
+      const connection = interest.connection;
+      if (!connection) continue;
+      const removals = byConnection.get(connection) ?? [];
+      removals.push({ interestId: interest.id, ids: objectIds });
+      byConnection.set(connection, removals);
+    }
+    for (const [connection, removals] of byConnection) {
+      this.#sendBusControlToConnection(busState, connection, {
+        type: 'ObjectsRemoved',
+        value: { removals }
+      });
+    }
+  }
+
+  #sendBusControlToRemoteParticipants(busState, message) {
+    const connections = new Set(this.#remoteParticipantsForBus(busState.busId).map(participant => participant.connection));
+    for (const connection of connections) {
+      this.#sendBusControlToConnection(busState, connection, message);
+    }
+  }
+
+  #sendBusControlToConnection(busState, connection, message) {
     const busPayload = encodeBusControlMessage(message);
-    this.#sendBusMessage(busState, to, busPayload);
+    this.#sendBusMessageToConnection(busState, connection, busPayload);
   }
 
-  #sendBusMessage(busState, to, busPayload) {
-    const socket = this.#writableSocket();
+  #sendBusMessageToConnection(busState, connection, busPayload) {
+    if (!connection) {
+      for (const participant of this.#remoteParticipantsForBus(busState.busId)) {
+        this.#sendBusMessageToConnection(busState, participant.connection, busPayload);
+      }
+      return;
+    }
+    const socket = this.#writableConnectionSocket(connection);
     const processBusPayload = encodeConfirmedBusFrame({
-      to,
+      to: busState.participantId,
       busId: busState.busId,
       message: busPayload
     });
@@ -848,14 +1745,23 @@ export class EtherClient extends EventEmitter {
     });
   }
 
-  #writableSocket() {
-    if (!this.socket || this.socket.destroyed || !this.socket.writable) {
+  #writableConnectionSocket(connection) {
+    const socket = connection?.socket;
+    if (!socket || socket.destroyed || !socket.writable) {
       const error = new Error('SEN ether TCP socket is not writable');
       error.code = 'SEN_TCP_NOT_WRITABLE';
       this.emit('error', error);
       throw error;
     }
-    return this.socket;
+    return socket;
+  }
+
+  #remoteParticipantsForBus(busId) {
+    return [...(this.remoteParticipantsByBusId.get(busId >>> 0)?.values() ?? [])];
+  }
+
+  #remoteParticipantForBus(busId, participantId) {
+    return this.remoteParticipantsByBusId.get(busId >>> 0)?.get(participantId >>> 0);
   }
 
   #getBus(bus) {