rubico 2.7.3 → 2.7.5

package/reduce.js

@@ -23,17 +23,17 @@ const _reduce = function (collection, reducer, initial) {
  * ```coffeescript [specscript]
  * type Foldable = Array|Set|Map|Generator|AsyncGenerator|{ reduce: function }|Object
  *
- * type Reducer = (
+ * type SyncOrAsyncReducer = (
  *   accumulator any,
- *   item any,
+ *   element any,
  *   indexOrKey number|string|any,
  *   foldable Foldable
  * )=>(nextAccumulator Promise|any)
  *
- * type Resolver = (foldable Foldable)=>Promise|any
+ * type UnarySyncOrAsyncResolver = any=>Promise|any
  *
- * reducer Reducer
- * initial Resolver|any
+ * reducer SyncOrAsyncReducer
+ * initial UnarySyncOrAsyncResolver|any
  *
  * reduce(foldable Promise|Foldable, reducer, initial?) -> result Promise|any
  * reduce(reducer, initial?)(foldable Foldable) -> result Promise|any
@@ -51,11 +51,11 @@ const _reduce = function (collection, reducer, initial) {
  *  * `object with .reduce method`
  *  * `object`
  *
- * The reducing operation is dictated by a provided reducer function, which defines a transformation between the accumulator and a given item of the foldable.
+ * The reducing operation is dictated by a provided reducer function, which defines a transformation between the accumulator and a given element of the foldable.
  *
  * ```javascript
- * const reducer = function (accumulator, item) {
- *   // nextAccumulator is the result of some operation between accumulator and item
+ * const reducer = function (accumulator, element) {
+ *   // nextAccumulator is the result of some operation between accumulator and element
  *   // and becomes the accumulator for the next iteration and invocation of the reducer
  *   return nextAccumulator
  * }
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ const _reduce = function (collection, reducer, initial) {
  * ```coffeescript [specscript]
  * reducer(
  *   accumulator any,
- *   item any,
+ *   element any,
  *   index number,
  *   fold Array
  * ) -> nextAccumulator Promise|any
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ const _reduce = function (collection, reducer, initial) {
  * ```coffeescript [specscript]
  * reducer(
  *   accumulator any,
- *   item any
+ *   element any
  * ) -> nextAccumulator Promise|any
  * ```
  *
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ const _reduce = function (collection, reducer, initial) {
  * ```coffeescript [specscript]
  * reducer(
  *   accumulator any,
- *   item any,
+ *   element any,
  *   key any,
  *   fold Map
  * ) -> nextAccumulator Promise|any
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ const _reduce = function (collection, reducer, initial) {
  * ```coffeescript [specscript]
  * reducer(
  *   accumulator any,
- *   item any
+ *   element any
  * ) -> nextAccumulator Promise|any
  * ```
  *
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ const _reduce = function (collection, reducer, initial) {
  * ```coffeescript [specscript]
  * reducer(
  *   accumulator any,
- *   item any
+ *   element any
  * ) -> nextAccumulator Promise|any
  * ```
  *
@@ -113,13 +113,13 @@ const _reduce = function (collection, reducer, initial) {
  * ```coffeescript [specscript]
  * reducer(
  *   accumulator any,
- *   item any,
+ *   element any,
  *   key string,
  *   fold Object
  * ) -> nextAccumulator Promise|any
  * ```
  *
- * `reduce` executes a reducer function for each item of the array in order. If no initial value is provided, `reduce` uses the first item of the foldable as the initial value and starts iterating from the second item of the foldable.
+ * `reduce` executes a reducer function for each element of the array in order. If no initial value is provided, `reduce` uses the first element of the foldable as the initial value and starts iterating from the second element of the foldable.
  *
  * ```javascript [playground]
  * const max = (a, b) => a > b ? a : b
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ const _reduce = function (collection, reducer, initial) {
  * console.log(result) // 5
  * ```
  *
- * If an initial value is provided, the accumulator starts as the initial value rather than the first item of the foldable.
+ * If an initial value is provided, the accumulator starts as the initial value rather than the first element of the foldable.
  *
  * ```javascript [playground]
  * const add = (a, b) => a + b

package/some.d.ts

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ export = some;
  * ```
  *
  * @description
- * Test a predicate concurrently across all items of a collection, returning true if any executions return truthy.
+ * Test a predicate concurrently across all elements of a collection, returning true if any executions return truthy.
  *
  * ```javascript [playground]
  * const isOdd = number => number % 2 == 1

package/some.js

@@ -41,13 +41,16 @@ const _some = function (collection, predicate) {
  * @synopsis
  * ```coffeescript [specscript]
  * type Foldable = Array|Set|Map|Generator|AsyncGenerator|{ reduce: function }|Object
+ * type UnarySyncOrAsyncPredicate = any=>Promise|boolean
  *
- * some(foldable Foldable, predicate function) -> Promise|boolean
- * some(predicate function)(foldable Foldable) -> Promise|boolean
+ * predicate UnarySyncOrAsyncPredicate
+ *
+ * some(foldable Foldable, predicate) -> Promise|boolean
+ * some(predicate)(foldable Foldable) -> Promise|boolean
  * ```
  *
  * @description
- * Test a predicate concurrently across all items of a foldable, returning true if any executions return true.
+ * Test a predicate concurrently across all elements of a foldable, returning true if any executions return true.
  *
  * ```javascript [playground]
  * const isOdd = number => number % 2 == 1

package/switchCase.d.ts

@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ export = switchCase;
  * ])(false).then(console.log) // default
  * ```
  *
- * If every item in the conditional array is a nonfunction value, `switchCase` executes eagerly.
+ * If every element in the conditional array is a nonfunction value, `switchCase` executes eagerly.
  *
  * ```javascript [playground]
  * const age = 26

package/switchCase.js

@@ -14,8 +14,11 @@ const curryArgs3 = require('./_internal/curryArgs3')
  * ```coffeescript [specscript]
  * args Array<any>
  * argsOrPromises Array<Promise|any>
+ *
+ * type SyncOrAsyncPredicate = (...args)=>Promise|boolean|any
+ *
  * conditionalPromisesOrValues Array<Promise|boolean|any>
- * conditionalFuncsOrPromisesOrValues Array<function|Promise|boolean|any>
+ * conditionalFuncsOrPromisesOrValues Array<SyncOrAsyncPredicate|Promise|boolean|any>
  *
  * switchCase(conditionalPromisesOrValues) -> Promise|any
  * switchCase(...argsOrPromises, conditionalFuncsOrPromisesOrValues) -> Promise|any
@@ -58,16 +61,16 @@ const curryArgs3 = require('./_internal/curryArgs3')
  * Any function can be replaced with a nonfunction (object or primitive) value to be used directly in the operation.
  *
  * ```javascript [playground]
- * switchCase([
+ * switchCase(false, [
  *   async function asyncIdentity(value) {
  *     return value
  *   },
  *   'something',
  *   'default',
- * ])(false).then(console.log) // default
+ * ]).then(console.log) // default
  * ```
  *
- * If every item in the conditional array is a nonfunction value, `switchCase` executes eagerly.
+ * If every element in the conditional array is a nonfunction value, `switchCase` executes eagerly.
  *
  * ```javascript [playground]
  * const age = 26

package/tap.js

@@ -25,8 +25,12 @@ const _tap = function (args, f) {
  * args Array<any>
  * argsOrPromises Array<Promise|any>
  *
- * tap(...argsOrPromises, f function) -> Promise|args[0]
- * tap(f function)(...args) -> Promise|args[0]
+ * type SyncOrAsyncFunction = (...args)=>Promise|any
+ *
+ * f SyncOrAsyncFunction
+ *
+ * tap(...argsOrPromises, f) -> Promise|args[0]
+ * tap(f)(...args) -> Promise|args[0]
  * ```
  *
  * @description
@@ -107,8 +111,14 @@ const _tapIf = function (predicate, f, args) {
  * args Array<any>
  * argsOrPromises Array<Promise|any>
  *
- * tap.if(...argsOrPromises, predicate function, f function) -> Promise|args[0]
- * tap.if(predicate function, f function)(...args) -> Promise|args[0]
+ * type SyncOrAsyncPredicate = (...args)=>Promise|boolean|any
+ * type SyncOrAsyncFunction = (...args)=>Promise|any
+ *
+ * predicate SyncOrAsyncPredicate
+ * f SyncOrAsyncFunction
+ *
+ * tap.if(...argsOrPromises, predicate, f) -> Promise|args[0]
+ * tap.if(predicate, f)(...args) -> Promise|args[0]
  * ```
  *
  * @description

package/thunkify.js

@@ -9,6 +9,8 @@ const funcApply = require('./_internal/funcApply')
  *
  * @synopsis
  * ```coffeescript [specscript]
+ * args Array<any>
+ *
  * thunkify(func function, ...args) -> thunk ()=>func(...args)
  * ```
  *

package/transform.d.ts

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ export = transform;
  *  * `Set`; concatenation defined by `result.add(...values)`
  *  * `TypedArray`; concatenation defined by `result.set(prevResult); result.set(values, offset)`
  *  * `{ concat: function }`; concatenation defined by `result.concat(values)`
- *  * `{ write: function }`; concatenation defined by `result.write(item)`
+ *  * `{ write: function }`; concatenation defined by `result.write(element)`
  *  * `Object`; concatenation defined by `({ ...result, ...values })`
  *
  * `transform` can transform any of the above collections into any of the other above collections.

package/transform.js

@@ -22,21 +22,16 @@ const _transform = function (collection, transducer, initialValue) {
  * @synopsis
  * ```coffeescript [specscript]
  * type Foldable = Array|Set|Map|Generator|AsyncGenerator|{ reduce: function }|Object
- *
- * type Reducer = (
- *   accumulator any,
- *   value any,
- * )=>(nextAccumulator Promise|any)
- *
- * type Transducer = Reducer=>Reducer
+ * type SyncOrAsyncReducer = (accumulator any, value any)=>(nextAccumulator Promise|any)
+ * type Transducer = SyncOrAsyncReducer=>SyncOrAsyncReducer
  *
  * type Semigroup =
  *   Array|String|Set|TypedArray|{ concat: function }|{ write: function }|Object
  *
- * type SemigroupResolver = (foldable Foldable)=>Promise|Semigroup
+ * type UnarySyncOrAsyncSemigroupResolver = any=>Promise|Semigroup
  *
  * transducer Transducer
- * initial Semigroup|SemigroupResolver
+ * initial UnarySyncOrAsyncSemigroupResolver|Semigroup
  *
  * transform(foldable Promise|Foldable, transducer, initial?) -> result Promise|Semigroup
  * transform(transducer, initial?)(foldable Foldable) -> result Promise|Semigroup
@@ -57,12 +52,8 @@ const _transform = function (collection, transducer, initialValue) {
  * Transducers, due to their lazy nature, don't have knowledge of the foldable they are transforming. As such, the transducer signature for all foldables is the same:
  *
  * ```coffeescript [specscript]
- * type Reducer = (
- *   accumulator any,
- *   value any,
- * )=>(nextAccumulator Promise|any)
- *
- * type Transducer = Reducer=>Reducer
+ * type SyncOrAsyncReducer = (accumulator any, value any)=>(nextAccumulator Promise|any)
+ * type Transducer = SyncOrAsyncReducer=>SyncOrAsyncReducer
  * ```
  *
  * The following data types are considered to be semigroups:

package/tryCatch.js

@@ -25,8 +25,14 @@ const _tryCatch = function (tryer, catcher, args) {
  * args Array<any>
  * argsOrPromises Array<Promise|any>
  *
- * tryCatch(tryer function, catcher function)(...args) -> Promise|any
- * tryCatch(...argsOrPromises, tryer function, catcher function) -> Promise|any
+ * type SyncOrAsyncFunction = (...args)=>Promise|any
+ * type SyncOrAsyncCatcher = (error Error|any, ...args)=>Promise|any
+ *
+ * tryer SyncOrAsyncFunction
+ * catcher SyncOrAsyncCatcher
+ *
+ * tryCatch(tryer, catcher)(...args) -> Promise|any
+ * tryCatch(...argsOrPromises, tryer, catcher) -> Promise|any
  * ```
  *
  * @description

package/x/README.md

@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ defaultsDeep({
 ```
 
 ### find
-get the first item in a collection that passes the test
+get the first element in a collection that passes the test
 ```javascript
 y = find(xi => boolean)(x)
 ```
@@ -86,20 +86,20 @@ flatten([[1], [2], [3]]), // > [1, 2, 3]
 
 `x` is a String or Array
 
-`y` is the last item of `x`
+`y` is the last element of `x`
 
 ```javascript
 first([1,2,3]) // 1
 ```
 
 ### forEach
-execute a function for each item of a collection, returning input
+execute a function for each element of a collection, returning input
 ```javascript
 y = forEach(f)(x)
 ```
 `f` is a function
 
-`f` is called for each item of `x`
+`f` is called for each element of `x`
 
 `x` is an Iterable, AsyncIterable, Object, or reducer function
 
@@ -232,14 +232,14 @@ y = last(x)
 
 `x` is a String or Array
 
-`y` is the last item of `x`
+`y` is the last element of `x`
 
 ```javascript
 last([1,2,3]) // 3
 ```
 
 ### pluck
-create a new collection by getting a path from every item of an old collection
+create a new collection by getting a path from every element of an old collection
 ```javascript
 y = pluck(path, defaultValue)(x)
 ```
@@ -312,13 +312,13 @@ create a flattened unique array with uniques given by a binary predicate
 ```javascript
 y = unionWith((a, b) => boolean)(x)
 ```
-`a` and `b` are items of items of `x`
+`a` and `b` are elements of elements of `x`
 
 `(a, b) => boolean` returns True if a and b are duplicates
 
 `x` is an Array of Arrays of anything
 
-`y` is a flattened Array of unique items of items of `x` determined by `(a, b) => boolean`
+`y` is a flattened Array of unique elements of elements of `x` determined by `(a, b) => boolean`
 
 `y` is a Promise if any of the following are true
  * `(a, b) => boolean` is asynchronous

package/x/append.d.ts

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ export = append;
  * @synopsis
  * ```coffeescript [specscript]
  * append(
- *   item string|Array,
+ *   element string|Array,
  * )(value string|Array) -> string|array
  * ```
  *
@@ -35,4 +35,4 @@ export = append;
  *
  * @since 1.7.3
  */
-declare function append(item: any): (value: any) => string | any[];
+declare function append(element: any): (value: any) => string | any[];

package/x/append.js

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ const isArray = require('../_internal/isArray')
  * @synopsis
  * ```coffeescript [specscript]
  * append(
- *   item string|Array,
+ *   element string|Array,
  * )(value string|Array) -> string|array
  * ```
  *
@@ -41,20 +41,20 @@ const isArray = require('../_internal/isArray')
  * @since 1.7.3
  */
 
-const append = item => function appendFunc(value) {
+const append = element => function appendFunc(value) {
 
     if (isArray(value)) {
-      if (isArray(item)){
-        return [...value, ...item]
+      if (isArray(element)){
+        return [...value, ...element]
       }
-      return [...value, item]
+      return [...value, element]
     }
 
     if (isString(value)){
-      if (!isString(item)){
-        throw new TypeError(`${item} is not a string`)
+      if (!isString(element)){
+        throw new TypeError(`${element} is not a string`)
       }
-      return `${value}${item}`
+      return `${value}${element}`
     }
 
     throw new TypeError(`${value} is not an Array or string`)

package/x/defaultsDeep.js

@@ -1,33 +1,35 @@
 const isArray = require('../_internal/isArray')
+const curry2 = require('../_internal/curry2')
+const __ = require('../_internal/placeholder')
 
 /**
  * @name arrayDefaultsDeepFromArray
  *
  * @synopsis
  * ```coffeescript [specscript]
- * var array Array<Array|Object|any>,
- *   defaultArray Array<Array|Object|any>,
- *
- * arrayDefaultsDeepFromArray(array, defaultArray) -> Array
+ * arrayDefaultsDeepFromArray(
+ *   data Array<Array|Object|any>,
+ *   defaults Array<Array|Object|any>
+ * ) -> Object
  * ```
  */
-const arrayDefaultsDeepFromArray = function (array, defaultArray) {
-  const defaultArrayLength = defaultArray.length,
-    result = array.slice()
+function arrayDefaultsDeepFromArray(data, defaults) {
+  const defaultArrayLength = defaults.length,
+    result = data.slice()
   let index = -1
   while (++index < defaultArrayLength) {
-    const item = array[index],
-      defaultItem = defaultArray[index]
-    if (isArray(item) && isArray(defaultItem)) {
-      result[index] = arrayDefaultsDeepFromArray(item, defaultItem)
-    } else if (item == null) {
-      result[index] = defaultItem
-    } else if (defaultItem == null) {
-      result[index] = item
-    } else if (item.constructor == Object && defaultItem.constructor == Object) {
-      result[index] = objectDefaultsDeepFromObject(item, defaultItem)
+    const element = data[index],
+      defaultElement = defaults[index]
+    if (isArray(element) && isArray(defaultElement)) {
+      result[index] = arrayDefaultsDeepFromArray(element, defaultElement)
+    } else if (element == null) {
+      result[index] = defaultElement
+    } else if (defaultElement == null) {
+      result[index] = element
+    } else if (element.constructor == Object && defaultElement.constructor == Object) {
+      result[index] = objectDefaultsDeepFromObject(element, defaultElement)
     } else {
-      result[index] = item
+      result[index] = element
     }
   }
   return result
@@ -38,62 +40,89 @@ const arrayDefaultsDeepFromArray = function (array, defaultArray) {
  *
  * @synopsis
  * ```coffeescript [specscript]
- * var object Object<Array|Object|any>,
- *   defaultObject Object<Array|Object|any>
- *
- * objectDefaultsDeepFromObject(object, defaultObject) -> Object
+ * objectDefaultsDeepFromObject(
+ *   data Object<Array|Object|any>,
+ *   defaults Object<Array|Object|any>
+ * ) -> Object
  * ```
  */
-const objectDefaultsDeepFromObject = function (object, defaultObject) {
-  const result = { ...object }
-  for (const key in defaultObject) {
-    const item = object[key],
-      defaultItem = defaultObject[key]
-    if (isArray(item) && isArray(defaultItem)) {
-      result[key] = arrayDefaultsDeepFromArray(item, defaultItem)
-    } else if (item == null) {
-      result[key] = defaultItem
-    } else if (defaultItem == null) {
-      result[key] = item
-    } else if (item.constructor == Object && defaultItem.constructor == Object) {
-      result[key] = objectDefaultsDeepFromObject(item, defaultItem)
+function objectDefaultsDeepFromObject(data, defaults) {
+  const result = { ...data }
+  for (const key in defaults) {
+    const element = data[key],
+      defaultElement = defaults[key]
+    if (isArray(element) && isArray(defaultElement)) {
+      result[key] = arrayDefaultsDeepFromArray(element, defaultElement)
+    } else if (element == null) {
+      result[key] = defaultElement
+    } else if (defaultElement == null) {
+      result[key] = element
+    } else if (element.constructor == Object && defaultElement.constructor == Object) {
+      result[key] = objectDefaultsDeepFromObject(element, defaultElement)
     } else {
-      result[key] = item
+      result[key] = element
     }
   }
   return result
 }
 
+/**
+ * @name _defaultsDeep
+ *
+ * @synopsis
+ * ```coffeescript [specscript]
+ * _defaultsDeep(
+ *   data Object<Array|Object|any>,
+ *   defaults (Object|Array)<Array|Object|any>
+ * ) -> result Object
+ * ```
+ */
+function _defaultsDeep(data, defaults) {
+  if (isArray(data) && isArray(defaults)) {
+    return arrayDefaultsDeepFromArray(data, defaults)
+  }
+  if (data == null || defaults == null) {
+    return data
+  }
+  if (data.constructor == Object && defaults.constructor == Object) {
+    return objectDefaultsDeepFromObject(data, defaults)
+  }
+  return data
+}
+
 /**
  * @name defaultsDeep
  *
  * @synopsis
  * ```coffeescript [specscript]
- * var defaultCollection Array|Object,
- *   value Array|Object
+ * data (Object|Array)<Array|Object|any>
+ * defaults (Object|Array)<Array|Object|any>
  *
- * defaultsDeep(defaultCollection)(value) -> Array|Object
+ * defaultsDeep(data, defaults) -> result Object
+ * defaultsDeep(defaults)(data) -> result Object
  * ```
  *
  * @description
- * Deeply assign default values to an array or object by an array or object of possibly nested default values.
+ * Deeply assign default values to an object or array `data` using an array or object of default values `defaults`. The keys or indices of each element of `defaults` are used to extend `data` where there is no existing value. Both `data` and `defaults` may have nested arrays or objects.
  *
  * ```javascript [playground]
  * import defaultsDeep from 'https://unpkg.com/rubico/dist/x/defaultsDeep.es.js'
  *
- * const defaultUser = defaultsDeep({
+ * const user = {
+ *   name: 'John',
+ *   images: [{ url: 'https://placehold.co/600x400' }],
+ * }
+ *
+ * const userWithDefaults = defaultsDeep(user, {
  *   name: 'placeholder',
  *   images: [
- *     { url: 'https://via.placeholder.com/150' },
- *     { url: 'https://via.placeholder.com/150' },
- *     { url: 'https://via.placeholder.com/150' },
+ *     { url: 'https://placehold.co/150' },
+ *     { url: 'https://placehold.co/150' },
+ *     { url: 'https://placehold.co/150' },
  *   ],
  * })
  *
- * console.log(defaultUser({
- *   name: 'John',
- *   images: [{ url: 'https://via.placeholder.com/150/0000FF/808080%20?Text=Digital.com' }],
- * }))
+ * console.log(userWithDefaults)
  * // {
  * //   name: 'John',
  * //   images: [
@@ -104,22 +133,30 @@ const objectDefaultsDeepFromObject = function (object, defaultObject) {
  * // }
  * ```
  *
+ * The `defaults` array or object may be provided to `defaultsDeep` without `data` to create a lazy version of `defaultsDeep` that accepts `data` as a single argument. This "lazy" API can be used for function pipelines and function compositions.
+ *
+ * ```javascript [playground]
+ * pipe({ a: 1 }, [
+ *   defaultsDeep({ b: 2, c: 3, g: [1, 2, 3] }),
+ *   console.log, // { a: 1, b: 2, c: 3, g: [1, 2, 3] }
+ * ])
+ * ```
+ *
  * See also:
+ *  * [pipe](/docs/pipe)
+ *  * [compose](/docs/compose)
  *  * [callProp](/docs/callProp)
  *  * [differenceWith](/docs/differenceWith)
  *
  */
-const defaultsDeep = defaultCollection => function defaulting(value) {
-  if (isArray(value) && isArray(defaultCollection)) {
-    return arrayDefaultsDeepFromArray(value, defaultCollection)
-  }
-  if (value == null || defaultCollection == null) {
-    return value
+function defaultsDeep(...args) {
+  if (args.length == 1) {
+    return curry2(_defaultsDeep, __, args[0])
   }
-  if (value.constructor == Object && defaultCollection.constructor == Object) {
-    return objectDefaultsDeepFromObject(value, defaultCollection)
+  if (args.length == 2) {
+    return _defaultsDeep(...args)
   }
-  return value
+  throw new TypeError('Invalid number of arguments')
 }
 
 module.exports = defaultsDeep

package/x/defaultsDeep.test.js

@@ -2,6 +2,29 @@ const assert = require('assert')
 const defaultsDeep = require('./defaultsDeep')
 
 describe('defaultsDeep', () => {
+  it('eager API', async () => {
+    assert.deepEqual(
+      defaultsDeep([3], [1, 2, 3]),
+      [3, 2, 3],
+    )
+    assert.deepEqual(
+      defaultsDeep([[]], [[1], 2, 3]),
+      [[1], 2, 3],
+    )
+  })
+
+  it('Invalid number of arguments', async () => {
+    assert.throws(
+      () => defaultsDeep(),
+      new TypeError('Invalid number of arguments'),
+    )
+
+    assert.throws(
+      () => defaultsDeep(1, 2, 3),
+      new TypeError('Invalid number of arguments'),
+    )
+  })
+
   it('default array', async () => {
     assert.deepEqual(
       defaultsDeep([1, 2, 3])([3]),
@@ -97,7 +120,7 @@ describe('defaultsDeep', () => {
       { obj: { a: '1' } },
     )
   })
-  it('nullish default item should use current item', async () => {
+  it('nullish default element should use current element', async () => {
     assert.deepEqual(
       defaultsDeep([null, 1, 2, 3, 4])([0, 1, 2]),
       [0, 1, 2, 3, 4],