reverseport 0.0.0-stage → 1.2.0

package/bridge/native/rea_lldb_tracer.py

@@ -0,0 +1,839 @@
+"""Bounded native call observation executed inside LLDB's embedded Python.
+
+REA imports this module into `lldb --batch` and runs `rea_trace <config.json>`.
+It launches one owned process, stops at the requested functions and
+Objective-C methods, records each entry from registers and memory reads only,
+continues, and kills the process once it exits, the event or aggregate resource
+limit is reached, or the duration elapses. Target output is drained through
+bounded FIFOs. No expression is evaluated and no target code runs on the
+tracer's behalf. The result is written as JSON to the configured path.
+"""
+
+import errno
+import hashlib
+import json
+import os
+import select
+import threading
+import time
+
+import lldb
+
+ARGUMENT_REGISTERS = {
+    "arm64": ["x0", "x1", "x2", "x3", "x4", "x5", "x6", "x7"],
+    "arm64e": ["x0", "x1", "x2", "x3", "x4", "x5", "x6", "x7"],
+    "x86_64": ["rdi", "rsi", "rdx", "rcx", "r8", "r9"],
+    "x86_64h": ["rdi", "rsi", "rdx", "rcx", "r8", "r9"],
+}
+MAX_SELECTOR_BYTES = 1024
+MAX_REPORTED_LOCATIONS = 64
+MAX_OTHER_STOPS = 256
+MAX_TRACE_BYTES = 8 * 1024 * 1024
+MAX_TRACE_FRAMES = 65_536
+MAX_OBSERVATION_JOURNAL_BYTES = MAX_TRACE_BYTES
+MAX_BREAKPOINT_LOCATION_BYTES = 8 * 1024 * 1024
+MAX_TARGET_OUTPUT_BYTES = 1024 * 1024
+OUTPUT_DRAIN_BYTES_PER_PASS = 1024 * 1024
+OUTPUT_EOF_WAIT_SECONDS = 1.0
+OUTPUT_READER_JOIN_SECONDS = 0.5
+LISTENER_NAME = "rea-native-call-observation"
+
+
+def _can_retain_trace(current_bytes, current_frames, event_bytes, event_frames):
+    """Whether a complete event fits both aggregate trace budgets."""
+    return (
+        current_bytes + event_bytes <= MAX_TRACE_BYTES
+        and current_frames + event_frames <= MAX_TRACE_FRAMES
+    )
+
+
+def _estimated_json_size(value):
+    """Estimate JSON size without encoding potentially oversized values."""
+    if isinstance(value, str):
+        # json.dumps defaults to ensure_ascii=True; supplementary characters
+        # can become two six-byte Unicode escapes.
+        return len(value) * 12 + 2
+    if value is None or isinstance(value, (bool, int, float)):
+        return 32
+    if isinstance(value, dict):
+        return 2 + sum(
+            len(key) * 6 + 4 + _estimated_json_size(item)
+            for key, item in value.items()
+        )
+    if isinstance(value, (list, tuple)):
+        return 2 + sum(_estimated_json_size(item) + 1 for item in value)
+    return 64
+
+
+def _fits_trace_budget(value, remaining_bytes):
+    return _estimated_json_size(value) <= remaining_bytes
+
+
+class _ObservationJournal:
+    """Flush a bounded JSONL prefix so observations survive tracer failure."""
+
+    def __init__(self, handle, max_bytes=MAX_OBSERVATION_JOURNAL_BYTES):
+        self.handle = handle
+        self.max_bytes = max_bytes
+        self.bytes = 0
+
+    def append(self, record):
+        encoded = (json.dumps(record) + "\n").encode("utf-8")
+        if self.bytes + len(encoded) > self.max_bytes:
+            return False
+        self.handle.write(encoded)
+        self.handle.flush()
+        self.bytes += len(encoded)
+        return True
+
+
+def _set_launch_flags(launch):
+    launch.SetLaunchFlags(
+        launch.GetLaunchFlags()
+        | lldb.eLaunchFlagDebug
+        | lldb.eLaunchFlagStopAtEntry
+    )
+
+
+def _hash_file(path):
+    digest = hashlib.sha256()
+    with open(path, "rb") as target_file:
+        while True:
+            chunk = target_file.read(1024 * 1024)
+            if not chunk:
+                break
+            digest.update(chunk)
+    return digest.hexdigest()
+
+
+def _file_identity(path):
+    info = os.stat(path)
+    return str(info.st_dev), str(info.st_ino)
+
+
+def _module_identity(target):
+    module = target.FindModule(target.GetExecutable())
+    if not module.IsValid():
+        return None, None, None
+    spec = module.GetFileSpec()
+    path = str(spec) if spec.IsValid() else None
+    identity = None
+    if path:
+        try:
+            identity = _file_identity(path)
+        except OSError:
+            pass
+    return path, identity, module.GetUUIDString() or None
+
+
+def _wait_for_identity_ack(config):
+    """Hold the target at entry while the host adapter captures its start identity."""
+    path = config.get("identity_ack_path")
+    if not path:
+        return
+    while True:
+        try:
+            with open(path, "r") as handle:
+                return handle.read(32).strip()
+        except FileNotFoundError:
+            time.sleep(0.025)
+
+
+class _OutputPipe:
+    """Drain a target FIFO while retaining only its bounded output prefix."""
+
+    def __init__(self, fifo_path, capture_path, max_bytes):
+        os.mkfifo(fifo_path, 0o600)
+        self.path = fifo_path
+        try:
+            self.fd = os.open(fifo_path, os.O_RDONLY | os.O_NONBLOCK)
+        except Exception:
+            os.unlink(fifo_path)
+            raise
+        try:
+            self.capture = open(capture_path, "wb")
+        except Exception:
+            os.close(self.fd)
+            os.unlink(fifo_path)
+            raise
+        self.max_bytes = max_bytes
+        self.bytes = 0
+        self.truncated = False
+        self.closed = False
+        self.stop_reader = threading.Event()
+        self.reader_thread = None
+        self.reader_error = None
+        self.launched = False
+        self.eof = threading.Event()
+        self.complete = False
+
+    def start(self):
+        if self.reader_thread is None:
+            self.reader_thread = threading.Thread(target=self._reader_loop, daemon=True)
+            self.reader_thread.start()
+
+    def _reader_loop(self):
+        try:
+            while not self.stop_reader.is_set():
+                readable, _, _ = select.select([self.fd], [], [], 0.05)
+                if not readable:
+                    continue
+                if self.drain(OUTPUT_DRAIN_BYTES_PER_PASS) == 0:
+                    # A FIFO read end is readable at EOF before the target opens it.
+                    time.sleep(0.01)
+        except Exception as error:
+            self.reader_error = error
+            self.stop_reader.set()
+
+    def mark_launched(self):
+        self.launched = True
+
+    def drain(self, max_bytes=OUTPUT_DRAIN_BYTES_PER_PASS):
+        consumed = 0
+        while consumed < max_bytes:
+            try:
+                chunk = os.read(self.fd, min(65_536, max_bytes - consumed))
+            except OSError as error:
+                if error.errno in (errno.EAGAIN, errno.EWOULDBLOCK):
+                    return consumed
+                raise
+            if not chunk:
+                if self.launched:
+                    self.eof.set()
+                return consumed
+            consumed += len(chunk)
+            self.bytes += len(chunk)
+            remaining = max(0, self.max_bytes - self.capture.tell())
+            if remaining:
+                self.capture.write(chunk[:remaining])
+            if len(chunk) > remaining:
+                self.truncated = True
+
+    def close(self, expected_exit=False):
+        if self.closed:
+            return
+        if expected_exit and self.launched:
+            self.eof.wait(OUTPUT_EOF_WAIT_SECONDS)
+        self.stop_reader.set()
+        if self.reader_thread is not None:
+            self.reader_thread.join(OUTPUT_READER_JOIN_SECONDS)
+        stopped = self.reader_thread is None or not self.reader_thread.is_alive()
+        if stopped:
+            try:
+                self.drain(OUTPUT_DRAIN_BYTES_PER_PASS)
+            finally:
+                try:
+                    self.capture.close()
+                finally:
+                    os.close(self.fd)
+                    self.closed = True
+        else:
+            # A daemon reader may still be unwinding a blocked filesystem write.
+            # Leave its handles alone rather than racing that thread at shutdown.
+            self.closed = True
+        self.complete = bool(
+            stopped
+            and (not self.launched or (expected_exit and self.eof.is_set()))
+            and self.reader_error is None
+        )
+        if not self.complete:
+            self.truncated = True
+
+
+def _hex(value):
+    return "0x%x" % value
+
+
+def _location(address, target):
+    """Load and file address, module and symbol of one code address."""
+    module = address.GetModule()
+    symbol = address.GetSymbol()
+    file_address = address.GetFileAddress()
+    location = {
+        "load_address": _hex(address.GetLoadAddress(target)),
+        "file_address": None
+        if file_address == lldb.LLDB_INVALID_ADDRESS
+        else _hex(file_address),
+        "module": module.GetFileSpec().GetFilename() if module.IsValid() else None,
+        "module_path": str(module.GetFileSpec()) if module.IsValid() else None,
+        "symbol": symbol.GetName() if symbol.IsValid() else None,
+    }
+    return location
+
+
+def _no_files():
+    return lldb.SBFileSpecList()
+
+
+def _create_breakpoints(target, spec):
+    """LLDB breakpoints for one request; a class-qualified method may need two."""
+    if spec["kind"] == "function":
+        modules = lldb.SBFileSpecList()
+        if spec.get("module"):
+            modules.Append(lldb.SBFileSpec(spec["module"], False))
+        return [
+            target.BreakpointCreateByName(
+                spec["name"], lldb.eFunctionNameTypeAuto, modules, _no_files()
+            )
+        ]
+    class_name = spec.get("class_name")
+    method_type = spec.get("method_type", "any")
+    if class_name is None:
+        return [
+            target.BreakpointCreateByName(
+                spec["selector"], lldb.eFunctionNameTypeSelector, _no_files(), _no_files()
+            )
+        ]
+    prefixes = {"instance": ["-"], "class": ["+"], "any": ["-", "+"]}[method_type]
+    return [
+        target.BreakpointCreateByName(
+            "%s[%s %s]" % (prefix, class_name, spec["selector"]),
+            lldb.eFunctionNameTypeFull,
+            _no_files(),
+            _no_files(),
+        )
+        for prefix in prefixes
+    ]
+
+
+def _dynamic_class(target, pointer):
+    """Class of an Objective-C receiver from LLDB's runtime reader, without running code."""
+    if pointer == 0:
+        return None
+    data = lldb.SBData.CreateDataFromUInt64Array(
+        target.GetByteOrder(), target.GetAddressByteSize(), [pointer]
+    )
+    value = target.CreateValueFromData(
+        "receiver", data, target.GetBasicType(lldb.eBasicTypeObjCID)
+    )
+    dynamic = value.GetDynamicValue(lldb.eDynamicDontRunTarget)
+    name = dynamic.GetTypeName() if dynamic.IsValid() else None
+    if not name or name in ("id", "objc_object *"):
+        return None
+    return name[:-2] if name.endswith(" *") else name
+
+
+def _wanted(spec, symbol):
+    """Selector-only requests may admit only instance or only class methods."""
+    if spec["kind"] != "objc-method" or spec.get("class_name") is not None:
+        return True
+    method_type = spec.get("method_type", "any")
+    if method_type == "any":
+        return True
+    return symbol.startswith("-[" if method_type == "instance" else "+[")
+
+
+def _read_register(frame, name):
+    error = lldb.SBError()
+    value = frame.FindRegister(name)
+    if not value.IsValid():
+        raise RuntimeError("LLDB breakpoint register %s is unavailable" % name)
+    number = value.GetValueAsUnsigned(error)
+    if error.Fail():
+        raise RuntimeError(
+            "LLDB breakpoint register %s could not be read: %s" % (name, error)
+        )
+    return number
+
+
+def _record(context, thread, frame, index, sequence, location, remaining_bytes):
+    target, process, config = context["target"], context["process"], context["config"]
+    symbol = location["symbol"] or ""
+    if not _wanted(config["breakpoints"][index], symbol):
+        return None
+    names = ARGUMENT_REGISTERS.get(config["architecture"], [])
+    objc_method = symbol.startswith("-[") or symbol.startswith("+[")
+    values = {
+        name: _read_register(frame, name)
+        for name in names[: max(config["argument_registers"], 2 if objc_method else 0)]
+    }
+    registers = [
+        {"name": name, "value": _hex(values[name])}
+        for name in names[: config["argument_registers"]]
+    ]
+    receiver_class = None
+    selector = None
+    if objc_method:
+        error = lldb.SBError()
+        text = process.ReadCStringFromMemory(
+            values[names[1]],
+            MAX_SELECTOR_BYTES,
+            error,
+        )
+        selector = text if error.Success() and text else None
+        if symbol.startswith("-["):
+            receiver_class = _dynamic_class(target, values[names[0]])
+    estimated_base = (
+        _estimated_json_size(location)
+        + _estimated_json_size(receiver_class)
+        + _estimated_json_size(selector)
+        + 2048
+    )
+    if estimated_base > remaining_bytes:
+        raise ValueError("trace event exceeds aggregate byte budget")
+    record = {
+        "sequence": sequence,
+        "elapsed_ms": round((time.monotonic() - context["started"]) * 1000, 3),
+        "thread_id": thread.GetThreadID(),
+        "breakpoint_index": index,
+        "receiver_class": receiver_class,
+        "selector": selector,
+        "registers": registers,
+        "backtrace": [],
+    }
+    record.update(location)
+    return record
+
+
+# One trace runs in each owned LLDB subprocess. Its callbacks execute at the
+# breakpoint before LLDB resumes, unlike snapshots of later public stop events.
+_TRACE_CONTEXT = None
+
+
+def _handle_breakpoint(context, frame, index):
+    """Read one hit while LLDB's breakpoint callback owns the stopped frame."""
+    if not frame.IsValid() or frame.GetPC() == lldb.LLDB_INVALID_ADDRESS:
+        raise RuntimeError("LLDB breakpoint callback did not supply a readable frame")
+    thread = frame.GetThread()
+    events = context["events"]
+    location = _location(frame.GetPCAddress(), context["target"])
+    symbol = location["symbol"] or ""
+    if not _wanted(context["config"]["breakpoints"][index], symbol):
+        return None
+    frame_count = max(
+        0,
+        min(thread.GetNumFrames() - 1, context["config"]["backtrace_frames"]),
+    )
+    event_frame_count = 1 + frame_count
+    if not _can_retain_trace(
+        context["retained_trace_bytes"],
+        context["retained_frames"],
+        0,
+        event_frame_count,
+    ):
+        return "resource-limit"
+    try:
+        remaining_bytes = MAX_TRACE_BYTES - context["retained_trace_bytes"]
+        record = _record(
+            context, thread, frame, index, len(events), location, remaining_bytes
+        )
+    except ValueError:
+        return "resource-limit"
+    if record is not None:
+        if not _fits_trace_budget(record, remaining_bytes):
+            return "resource-limit"
+        record_bytes = len(json.dumps(record).encode("utf-8"))
+        if context["retained_trace_bytes"] + record_bytes > MAX_TRACE_BYTES:
+            return "resource-limit"
+        for depth in range(1, frame_count + 1):
+            try:
+                location = _location(
+                    thread.GetFrameAtIndex(depth).GetPCAddress(), context["target"]
+                )
+            except ValueError:
+                return "resource-limit"
+            if (
+                _estimated_json_size(location) + record_bytes + 1
+                > MAX_TRACE_BYTES - context["retained_trace_bytes"]
+            ):
+                return "resource-limit"
+            location_bytes = len(json.dumps(location).encode("utf-8"))
+            addition = location_bytes + (1 if record["backtrace"] else 0)
+            if (
+                context["retained_trace_bytes"]
+                + record_bytes
+                + addition
+                > MAX_TRACE_BYTES
+            ):
+                return "resource-limit"
+            record["backtrace"].append(location)
+            record_bytes += addition
+        journal = context.get("observation_journal")
+        if journal is not None and not journal.append(
+            {"kind": "event", "event": record}
+        ):
+            return "resource-limit"
+        events.append(record)
+        context["retained_frames"] += event_frame_count
+        context["retained_trace_bytes"] += record_bytes
+    if len(events) >= context["config"]["max_events"]:
+        return "event-limit"
+    return None
+
+
+def breakpoint_hit(frame, location, internal_dict):
+    """LLDB callback: capture before resuming, and stop on a limit or failure."""
+    context = _TRACE_CONTEXT
+    if context is None or context["outcome"] is not None or context["failure"] is not None:
+        return True
+    try:
+        index = context["breakpoint_index"][location.GetBreakpoint().GetID()]
+        context["outcome"] = _handle_breakpoint(context, frame, index)
+    except Exception as error:
+        context["failure"] = "%s: %s" % (type(error).__name__, error)
+        return True
+    return context["outcome"] is not None
+
+
+def _handle_stop(context, other_stops):
+    """Retain non-breakpoint stop observations; callbacks already capture hits."""
+    for thread in context["process"]:
+        if thread.GetStopReason() in (lldb.eStopReasonSignal, lldb.eStopReasonException):
+            stop_description = thread.GetStopDescription(256)
+            journal = context.get("observation_journal")
+            if journal is not None and not journal.append(
+                {"kind": "other-stop", "reason": stop_description}
+            ):
+                return "resource-limit"
+            other_stops.append(stop_description)
+            if len(other_stops) >= MAX_OTHER_STOPS:
+                return "stop-limit"
+    return None
+
+
+def _breakpoint_report(target, created, config):
+    report = []
+    retained_location_bytes = 0
+    locations_truncated = False
+    for index, breakpoints in enumerate(created):
+        locations = []
+        count = 0
+        for breakpoint in breakpoints:
+            for position in range(breakpoint.GetNumLocations()):
+                address = breakpoint.GetLocationAtIndex(position).GetAddress()
+                location = _location(address, target)
+                if not _wanted(config["breakpoints"][index], location["symbol"] or ""):
+                    continue
+                count += 1
+                if len(locations) < MAX_REPORTED_LOCATIONS:
+                    remaining_bytes = (
+                        MAX_BREAKPOINT_LOCATION_BYTES - retained_location_bytes
+                    )
+                    if not _fits_trace_budget(location, remaining_bytes):
+                        locations_truncated = True
+                        continue
+                    location_bytes = len(json.dumps(location).encode("utf-8"))
+                    addition = location_bytes + (1 if locations else 0)
+                    if addition > remaining_bytes:
+                        locations_truncated = True
+                        continue
+                    locations.append(location)
+                    retained_location_bytes += addition
+        report.append({"index": index, "location_count": count, "locations": locations})
+    return report, locations_truncated
+
+
+def _launch_info(target, config, listener):
+    launch = lldb.SBLaunchInfo(config["arguments"])
+    launch.SetListener(listener)
+    _set_launch_flags(launch)
+    environment = target.GetEnvironment()
+    for key, value in config["environment"].items():
+        environment.Set(key, value, True)
+    launch.SetEnvironment(environment, False)
+    if config.get("working_directory"):
+        launch.SetWorkingDirectory(config["working_directory"])
+    launch.AddOpenFileAction(0, "/dev/null", True, False)
+    launch.AddOpenFileAction(1, config["stdout_path"], False, True)
+    launch.AddOpenFileAction(2, config["stderr_path"], False, True)
+    return launch
+
+
+def _wait_for_exit(listener, process, seconds):
+    event = lldb.SBEvent()
+    deadline = time.monotonic() + seconds
+    while process.GetState() != lldb.eStateExited and time.monotonic() < deadline:
+        listener.WaitForEvent(1, event)
+
+
+def _failed_launch_description(process):
+    if process.GetState() != lldb.eStateExited or process.GetExitStatus() != -1:
+        return None
+    description = process.GetExitDescription()
+    if isinstance(description, str) and description.lower().startswith(("attach failed", "launch failed")):
+        return description
+    return None
+
+
+def trace(debugger, config):
+    global _TRACE_CONTEXT
+    debugger.SetAsync(True)
+    # Stop at the symbol itself, where argument registers still hold the ABI
+    # arguments, even when line tables would let LLDB skip the prologue.
+    lldb.SBDebugger.SetInternalVariable(
+        "target.skip-prologue", "false", debugger.GetInstanceName()
+    )
+    try:
+        before_digest = _hash_file(config["executable"])
+        before_identity = _file_identity(config["executable"])
+    except OSError as error:
+        return {"status": "target-integrity-error", "error": str(error)}
+    if before_digest != config["expected_sha256"]:
+        return {
+            "status": "target-integrity-error",
+            "error": "selected executable digest changed before LLDB target creation",
+        }
+    error = lldb.SBError()
+    target = debugger.CreateTarget(
+        config["executable"], config["architecture"], None, False, error
+    )
+    if not target.IsValid():
+        return {"status": "target-error", "error": error.GetCString()}
+    module_path_before, module_file_identity_before, module_uuid_before = (
+        _module_identity(target)
+    )
+    if (
+        module_file_identity_before is not None
+        and module_file_identity_before != before_identity
+    ):
+        return {
+            "status": "target-integrity-error",
+            "error": "LLDB executable module resolved to a different pre-launch file identity",
+        }
+    created = [_create_breakpoints(target, spec) for spec in config["breakpoints"]]
+    breakpoint_index = {}
+    for index, breakpoints in enumerate(created):
+        for breakpoint in breakpoints:
+            breakpoint_index[breakpoint.GetID()] = index
+    listener = lldb.SBListener(LISTENER_NAME)
+    output_budget = config.get("max_output_bytes", MAX_TARGET_OUTPUT_BYTES)
+    stdout = _OutputPipe(
+        config["stdout_path"], config["stdout_capture_path"], output_budget
+    )
+    try:
+        stderr = _OutputPipe(
+            config["stderr_path"], config["stderr_capture_path"], output_budget
+        )
+    except Exception:
+        stdout.close()
+        raise
+    stdout.start()
+    stderr.start()
+    observation_journal = None
+    started = time.monotonic()
+    process = None
+    try:
+        observation_path = config.get("observation_path")
+        if observation_path:
+            observation_journal = _ObservationJournal(
+                open(observation_path, "wb")
+            )
+        process = target.Launch(_launch_info(target, config, listener), error)
+        if not error.Success() or not process.IsValid():
+            stdout.close()
+            stderr.close()
+            return {"status": "launch-error", "error": error.GetCString()}
+        launch_failure = _failed_launch_description(process)
+        if launch_failure is not None:
+            stdout.close(expected_exit=True)
+            stderr.close(expected_exit=True)
+            return {"status": "launch-error", "error": launch_failure}
+        stdout.mark_launched()
+        stderr.mark_launched()
+        # Publish the PID before any post-launch file or module inspection. The
+        # process is stopped at entry and remains there until identity_ack.
+        with open(config["pid_path"], "w") as handle:
+            handle.write(str(process.GetProcessID()))
+        identity_ack = _wait_for_identity_ack(config)
+        if identity_ack != "readable":
+            process.Kill()
+            _wait_for_exit(listener, process, 5)
+            expected_exit = process.GetState() == lldb.eStateExited
+            stdout.close(expected_exit=expected_exit)
+            stderr.close(expected_exit=expected_exit)
+            return {
+                "status": "target-identity-unavailable",
+                "error": "host could not establish the launched process identity; target was stopped",
+            }
+        try:
+            after_digest = _hash_file(config["executable"])
+            after_identity = _file_identity(config["executable"])
+        except OSError as identity_error:
+            process.Kill()
+            stdout.close(expected_exit=process.GetState() == lldb.eStateExited)
+            stderr.close(expected_exit=process.GetState() == lldb.eStateExited)
+            return {"status": "target-integrity-error", "error": str(identity_error)}
+        if after_digest != config["expected_sha256"] or after_identity != before_identity:
+            process.Kill()
+            _wait_for_exit(listener, process, 5)
+            stdout.close(expected_exit=process.GetState() == lldb.eStateExited)
+            stderr.close(expected_exit=process.GetState() == lldb.eStateExited)
+            return {
+                "status": "target-integrity-error",
+                "error": "selected executable digest or file identity changed during LLDB launch",
+            }
+        module_path_after, module_file_identity_after, module_uuid_after = (
+            _module_identity(target)
+        )
+        if (
+            module_file_identity_after is not None
+            and module_file_identity_after != before_identity
+        ):
+            process.Kill()
+            _wait_for_exit(listener, process, 5)
+            stdout.close(expected_exit=process.GetState() == lldb.eStateExited)
+            stderr.close(expected_exit=process.GetState() == lldb.eStateExited)
+            return {
+                "status": "target-integrity-error",
+                "error": "LLDB executable module resolved to a different file identity",
+            }
+        if (
+            module_uuid_before is not None
+            and module_uuid_after is not None
+            and module_uuid_before != module_uuid_after
+        ):
+            process.Kill()
+            _wait_for_exit(listener, process, 5)
+            stdout.close(expected_exit=process.GetState() == lldb.eStateExited)
+            stderr.close(expected_exit=process.GetState() == lldb.eStateExited)
+            return {
+                "status": "target-integrity-error",
+                "error": "LLDB executable module identity changed during launch",
+            }
+        context = {
+            "target": target,
+            "process": process,
+            "config": config,
+            "started": started,
+            "breakpoint_index": breakpoint_index,
+            "retained_frames": 0,
+            "retained_trace_bytes": 0,
+            "observation_journal": observation_journal,
+        }
+        events = []
+        context.update({"events": events, "outcome": None, "failure": None})
+        _TRACE_CONTEXT = context
+        for breakpoints in created:
+            for breakpoint in breakpoints:
+                breakpoint.SetScriptCallbackFunction("rea_lldb_tracer.breakpoint_hit")
+        other_stops = []
+        outcome = None
+        deadline = started + config["duration_ms"] / 1000
+        event = lldb.SBEvent()
+        while outcome is None:
+            if stdout.reader_error is not None:
+                raise RuntimeError("stdout capture failed: %s" % stdout.reader_error)
+            if stderr.reader_error is not None:
+                raise RuntimeError("stderr capture failed: %s" % stderr.reader_error)
+            if time.monotonic() >= deadline:
+                outcome = "duration-elapsed"
+                break
+            if not listener.WaitForEvent(1, event):
+                continue
+            if not lldb.SBProcess.EventIsProcessEvent(event):
+                continue
+            state = lldb.SBProcess.GetStateFromEvent(event)
+            if state == lldb.eStateExited:
+                outcome = "exited"
+            elif state == lldb.eStateStopped and not lldb.SBProcess.GetRestartedFromEvent(event):
+                if context["failure"] is not None:
+                    raise RuntimeError(context["failure"])
+                outcome = context["outcome"] or _handle_stop(context, other_stops)
+                if outcome is None:
+                    process.Continue()
+        pid = process.GetProcessID()
+        exit_status = None
+        exit_description = None
+        if outcome == "exited":
+            exit_status = process.GetExitStatus()
+            exit_description = process.GetExitDescription()
+        else:
+            process.Kill()
+            _wait_for_exit(listener, process, 5)
+        process_exited = process.GetState() == lldb.eStateExited
+        stdout.close(expected_exit=process_exited)
+        stderr.close(expected_exit=process_exited)
+        # SBTarget.Launch may succeed before debugserver reports an asynchronous
+        # attach failure as an exited SBProcess. Its -1 status is not a target
+        # exit code; preserve the debugger's concrete launch denial.
+        launch_failure = _failed_launch_description(process)
+        if launch_failure is not None:
+            return {"status": "launch-error", "error": launch_failure}
+        launch_identity_stable = (
+            module_path_before is not None
+            and module_path_after == module_path_before
+            and module_file_identity_before == before_identity
+            and module_file_identity_after == module_file_identity_before
+            and module_uuid_before is not None
+            and module_uuid_after == module_uuid_before
+        )
+        breakpoint_report, breakpoint_locations_truncated = _breakpoint_report(
+            target, created, config
+        )
+        return {
+            "status": "traced",
+            "version": lldb.SBDebugger.GetVersionString().splitlines()[0],
+            "pid": pid,
+            "outcome": outcome,
+            "exit_status": exit_status,
+            "exit_description": exit_description,
+            "killed": outcome != "exited",
+            "terminated": process.GetState() == lldb.eStateExited,
+            "elapsed_ms": round((time.monotonic() - started) * 1000, 3),
+            "breakpoints": breakpoint_report,
+            "breakpoint_locations_truncated": breakpoint_locations_truncated,
+            "events": events,
+            "resource_limit_reached": outcome == "resource-limit",
+            "target_output": {
+                "stdout_bytes": stdout.bytes,
+                "stderr_bytes": stderr.bytes,
+                "stdout_truncated": stdout.truncated,
+                "stderr_truncated": stderr.truncated,
+                "stdout_complete": stdout.complete,
+                "stderr_complete": stderr.complete,
+            },
+            "target_identity": {
+                "selected_file_sha256": after_digest,
+                "loaded_image_sha256": None,
+                "file_device": after_identity[0],
+                "file_inode": after_identity[1],
+                "module_path": module_path_after,
+                "module_uuid": module_uuid_after,
+                # This records matching path/module identity observations. LLDB
+                # does not expose the exact mapped bytes, so it never proves a digest.
+                "stable": launch_identity_stable,
+            },
+            "other_stops": other_stops,
+        }
+
+    finally:
+        _TRACE_CONTEXT = None
+        if observation_journal is not None:
+            try:
+                observation_journal.handle.close()
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+        if process is not None:
+            try:
+                if process.IsValid() and process.GetState() != lldb.eStateExited:
+                    process.Kill()
+                    _wait_for_exit(listener, process, 5)
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+        for output_pipe in (stdout, stderr):
+            try:
+                output_pipe.close(
+                    expected_exit=(
+                        process is not None
+                        and process.IsValid()
+                        and process.GetState() == lldb.eStateExited
+                    )
+                )
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+
+
+def run(debugger, command, result, internal_dict):
+    """LLDB command entry point: `rea_trace <config.json>`."""
+    with open(command.strip()) as handle:
+        config = json.load(handle)
+    try:
+        output = trace(debugger, config)
+    except Exception as error:  # Reported as a tracer failure, never re-raised into LLDB.
+        output = {"status": "tracer-error", "error": "%s: %s" % (type(error).__name__, error)}
+    with open(config["result_path"], "w") as handle:
+        json.dump(output, handle)
+
+
+def __lldb_init_module(debugger, internal_dict):
+    debugger.HandleCommand("command script add -f rea_lldb_tracer.run rea_trace")