react-native-windows 0.81.32 → 0.81.35

package/external/folly/folly/MPMCQueue.h

@@ -0,0 +1,1556 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) Meta Platforms, Inc. and affiliates.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <atomic>
+#include <cassert>
+#include <cstring>
+#include <limits>
+#include <type_traits>
+
+#include <folly/Traits.h>
+#include <folly/concurrency/CacheLocality.h>
+#include <folly/detail/TurnSequencer.h>
+#include <folly/portability/Unistd.h>
+
+namespace folly {
+
+namespace detail {
+
+template <typename T, template <typename> class Atom>
+struct SingleElementQueue;
+
+template <typename T>
+class MPMCPipelineStageImpl;
+
+/// MPMCQueue base CRTP template
+template <typename>
+class MPMCQueueBase;
+
+} // namespace detail
+
+/// MPMCQueue<T> is a high-performance bounded concurrent queue that
+/// supports multiple producers, multiple consumers, and optional blocking.
+/// The queue has a fixed capacity, for which all memory will be allocated
+/// up front.  The bulk of the work of enqueuing and dequeuing can be
+/// performed in parallel.
+///
+/// MPMCQueue is linearizable.  That means that if a call to write(A)
+/// returns before a call to write(B) begins, then A will definitely end up
+/// in the queue before B, and if a call to read(X) returns before a call
+/// to read(Y) is started, that X will be something from earlier in the
+/// queue than Y.  This also means that if a read call returns a value, you
+/// can be sure that all previous elements of the queue have been assigned
+/// a reader (that reader might not yet have returned, but it exists).
+///
+/// The underlying implementation uses a ticket dispenser for the head and
+/// the tail, spreading accesses across N single-element queues to produce
+/// a queue with capacity N.  The ticket dispensers use atomic increment,
+/// which is more robust to contention than a CAS loop.  Each of the
+/// single-element queues uses its own CAS to serialize access, with an
+/// adaptive spin cutoff.  When spinning fails on a single-element queue
+/// it uses futex()'s _BITSET operations to reduce unnecessary wakeups
+/// even if multiple waiters are present on an individual queue (such as
+/// when the MPMCQueue's capacity is smaller than the number of enqueuers
+/// or dequeuers).
+///
+/// In benchmarks (contained in tao/queues/ConcurrentQueueTests)
+/// it handles 1 to 1, 1 to N, N to 1, and N to M thread counts better
+/// than any of the alternatives present in fbcode, for both small (~10)
+/// and large capacities.  In these benchmarks it is also faster than
+/// tbb::concurrent_bounded_queue for all configurations.  When there are
+/// many more threads than cores, MPMCQueue is _much_ faster than the tbb
+/// queue because it uses futex() to block and unblock waiting threads,
+/// rather than spinning with sched_yield.
+///
+/// NOEXCEPT INTERACTION: tl;dr; If it compiles you're fine.  Ticket-based
+/// queues separate the assignment of queue positions from the actual
+/// construction of the in-queue elements, which means that the T
+/// constructor used during enqueue must not throw an exception.  This is
+/// enforced at compile time using type traits, which requires that T be
+/// adorned with accurate noexcept information.  If your type does not
+/// use noexcept, you will have to wrap it in something that provides
+/// the guarantee.  We provide an alternate safe implementation for types
+/// that don't use noexcept but that are marked folly::IsRelocatable
+/// and std::is_nothrow_constructible, which is common for folly types.
+/// In particular, if you can declare FOLLY_ASSUME_FBVECTOR_COMPATIBLE
+/// then your type can be put in MPMCQueue.
+///
+/// If you have a pool of N queue consumers that you want to shut down
+/// after the queue has drained, one way is to enqueue N sentinel values
+/// to the queue.  If the producer doesn't know how many consumers there
+/// are you can enqueue one sentinel and then have each consumer requeue
+/// two sentinels after it receives it (by requeuing 2 the shutdown can
+/// complete in O(log P) time instead of O(P)).
+template <
+    typename T,
+    template <typename> class Atom = std::atomic,
+    bool Dynamic = false,
+    class Allocator = std::allocator<T>>
+class MPMCQueue
+    : public detail::MPMCQueueBase<MPMCQueue<T, Atom, Dynamic, Allocator>>,
+      std::allocator_traits<Allocator>::template rebind_alloc<
+          detail::SingleElementQueue<T, Atom>> {
+  friend class detail::MPMCPipelineStageImpl<T>;
+  using Base = detail::MPMCQueueBase<MPMCQueue<T, Atom, Dynamic, Allocator>>;
+  using Slot = detail::SingleElementQueue<T, Atom>;
+  using SlotAllocator =
+      typename std::allocator_traits<Allocator>::template rebind_alloc<Slot>;
+  using SlotAllocatorTraits = std::allocator_traits<SlotAllocator>;
+
+ public:
+  using typename Base::value_type;
+
+  explicit MPMCQueue(size_t queueCapacity) : Base(queueCapacity) {
+    initQueue(queueCapacity);
+  }
+
+  MPMCQueue(size_t queueCapacity, const SlotAllocator& alloc)
+      : Base(queueCapacity), SlotAllocator(alloc) {
+    initQueue(queueCapacity);
+  }
+
+  MPMCQueue() noexcept = default;
+  MPMCQueue(MPMCQueue&&) noexcept = default;
+  /// IMPORTANT: The move operator is here to make it easier to perform
+  /// the initialization phase, it is not safe to use when there are any
+  /// concurrent accesses (this is not checked).
+  MPMCQueue const& operator=(MPMCQueue&& rhs) {
+    if (this != &rhs) {
+      this->~MPMCQueue();
+      new (this) MPMCQueue(std::move(rhs));
+    }
+    return *this;
+  }
+  ~MPMCQueue() {
+    if (kUsingStdAllocator) {
+      delete[] this->slots_;
+      this->slots_ = nullptr;
+    } else {
+      if (this->slots_) {
+        size_t count = this->capacity_ + 2 * this->kSlotPadding;
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
+          SlotAllocatorTraits::destroy(*this, this->slots_ + i);
+        }
+        SlotAllocatorTraits::deallocate(*this, this->slots_, count);
+        this->slots_ = nullptr;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+ private:
+  static constexpr bool kUsingStdAllocator =
+      is_instantiation_of_v<std::allocator, Allocator>;
+
+  void initQueue(size_t queueCapacity) {
+    this->stride_ = this->computeStride(queueCapacity);
+    size_t count = queueCapacity + 2 * this->kSlotPadding;
+    if (kUsingStdAllocator) {
+      this->slots_ = new Slot[count];
+    } else {
+      this->slots_ = SlotAllocatorTraits::allocate(*this, count);
+      for (size_t i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
+        SlotAllocatorTraits::construct(*this, this->slots_ + i);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+};
+
+/// *** The dynamic version of MPMCQueue is deprecated. ***
+/// Use UnboundedQueue instead.
+
+/// The dynamic version of MPMCQueue allows dynamic expansion of queue
+/// capacity, such that a queue may start with a smaller capacity than
+/// specified and expand only if needed. Users may optionally specify
+/// the initial capacity and the expansion multiplier.
+///
+/// The design uses a seqlock to enforce mutual exclusion among
+/// expansion attempts. Regular operations read up-to-date queue
+/// information (slots array, capacity, stride) inside read-only
+/// seqlock sections, which are unimpeded when no expansion is in
+/// progress.
+///
+/// An expansion computes a new capacity, allocates a new slots array,
+/// and updates stride. No information needs to be copied from the
+/// current slots array to the new one. When this happens, new slots
+/// will not have sequence numbers that match ticket numbers. The
+/// expansion needs to compute a ticket offset such that operations
+/// that use new arrays can adjust the calculations of slot indexes
+/// and sequence numbers that take into account that the new slots
+/// start with sequence numbers of zero. The current ticket offset is
+/// packed with the seqlock in an atomic 64-bit integer. The initial
+/// offset is zero.
+///
+/// Lagging write and read operations with tickets lower than the
+/// ticket offset of the current slots array (i.e., the minimum ticket
+/// number that can be served by the current array) must use earlier
+/// closed arrays instead of the current one. Information about closed
+/// slots arrays (array address, capacity, stride, and offset) is
+/// maintained in a logarithmic-sized structure. Each entry in that
+/// structure never needs to be changed once set. The number of closed
+/// arrays is half the value of the seqlock (when unlocked).
+///
+/// The acquisition of the seqlock to perform an expansion does not
+/// prevent the issuing of new push and pop tickets concurrently. The
+/// expansion must set the new ticket offset to a value that couldn't
+/// have been issued to an operation that has already gone through a
+/// seqlock read-only section (and hence obtained information for
+/// older closed arrays).
+///
+/// Note that the total queue capacity can temporarily exceed the
+/// specified capacity when there are lagging consumers that haven't
+/// yet consumed all the elements in closed arrays. Users should not
+/// rely on the capacity of dynamic queues for synchronization, e.g.,
+/// they should not expect that a thread will definitely block on a
+/// call to blockingWrite() when the queue size is known to be equal
+/// to its capacity.
+///
+/// Note that some writeIfNotFull() and tryWriteUntil() operations may
+/// fail even if the size of the queue is less than its maximum
+/// capacity and despite the success of expansion, if the operation
+/// happens to acquire a ticket that belongs to a closed array. This
+/// is a transient condition. Typically, one or two ticket values may
+/// be subject to such condition per expansion.
+///
+/// The dynamic version is a partial specialization of MPMCQueue with
+/// Dynamic == true.
+template <typename T, template <typename> class Atom, class Allocator>
+class MPMCQueue<T, Atom, true, Allocator>
+    : public detail::MPMCQueueBase<MPMCQueue<T, Atom, true, Allocator>> {
+  static_assert(
+      is_instantiation_of_v<std::allocator, Allocator>,
+      "The dynamic version of MPMCQueue does not support custom allocators");
+  friend class detail::MPMCQueueBase<MPMCQueue<T, Atom, true, Allocator>>;
+  using Slot = detail::SingleElementQueue<T, Atom>;
+  using Base = detail::MPMCQueueBase<MPMCQueue<T, Atom, true, Allocator>>;
+  struct ClosedArray {
+    uint64_t offset_{0};
+    Slot* slots_{nullptr};
+    size_t capacity_{0};
+    int stride_{0};
+  };
+
+ public:
+  explicit MPMCQueue(size_t queueCapacity) : Base(queueCapacity) {
+    size_t cap = std::min<size_t>(kDefaultMinDynamicCapacity, queueCapacity);
+    initQueue(cap, kDefaultExpansionMultiplier);
+  }
+
+  explicit MPMCQueue(
+      size_t queueCapacity, size_t minCapacity, size_t expansionMultiplier)
+      : Base(queueCapacity) {
+    minCapacity = std::max<size_t>(1, minCapacity);
+    size_t cap = std::min<size_t>(minCapacity, queueCapacity);
+    expansionMultiplier = std::max<size_t>(2, expansionMultiplier);
+    initQueue(cap, expansionMultiplier);
+  }
+
+  MPMCQueue() noexcept {
+    dmult_ = 0;
+    closed_ = nullptr;
+  }
+
+  MPMCQueue(MPMCQueue<T, Atom, true>&& rhs) noexcept {
+    this->capacity_ = rhs.capacity_;
+    new (&this->dslots_)
+        Atom<Slot*>(rhs.dslots_.load(std::memory_order_relaxed));
+    new (&this->dstride_)
+        Atom<int>(rhs.dstride_.load(std::memory_order_relaxed));
+    this->dstate_.store(
+        rhs.dstate_.load(std::memory_order_relaxed), std::memory_order_relaxed);
+    this->dcapacity_.store(
+        rhs.dcapacity_.load(std::memory_order_relaxed),
+        std::memory_order_relaxed);
+    this->pushTicket_.store(
+        rhs.pushTicket_.load(std::memory_order_relaxed),
+        std::memory_order_relaxed);
+    this->popTicket_.store(
+        rhs.popTicket_.load(std::memory_order_relaxed),
+        std::memory_order_relaxed);
+    this->pushSpinCutoff_.store(
+        rhs.pushSpinCutoff_.load(std::memory_order_relaxed),
+        std::memory_order_relaxed);
+    this->popSpinCutoff_.store(
+        rhs.popSpinCutoff_.load(std::memory_order_relaxed),
+        std::memory_order_relaxed);
+    dmult_ = rhs.dmult_;
+    closed_ = rhs.closed_;
+
+    rhs.capacity_ = 0;
+    rhs.dslots_.store(nullptr, std::memory_order_relaxed);
+    rhs.dstride_.store(0, std::memory_order_relaxed);
+    rhs.dstate_.store(0, std::memory_order_relaxed);
+    rhs.dcapacity_.store(0, std::memory_order_relaxed);
+    rhs.pushTicket_.store(0, std::memory_order_relaxed);
+    rhs.popTicket_.store(0, std::memory_order_relaxed);
+    rhs.pushSpinCutoff_.store(0, std::memory_order_relaxed);
+    rhs.popSpinCutoff_.store(0, std::memory_order_relaxed);
+    rhs.dmult_ = 0;
+    rhs.closed_ = nullptr;
+  }
+
+  /// IMPORTANT: The move operator is here to make it easier to perform
+  /// the initialization phase, it is not safe to use when there are any
+  /// concurrent accesses (this is not checked).
+  MPMCQueue<T, Atom, true> const& operator=(MPMCQueue<T, Atom, true>&& rhs) {
+    if (this != &rhs) {
+      this->~MPMCQueue();
+      new (this) MPMCQueue(std::move(rhs));
+    }
+    return *this;
+  }
+
+  ~MPMCQueue() {
+    if (closed_ != nullptr) {
+      for (int i = getNumClosed(this->dstate_.load()) - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
+        delete[] closed_[i].slots_;
+      }
+      delete[] closed_;
+    }
+    using AtomInt = Atom<int>;
+    this->dstride_.~AtomInt();
+    using AtomSlot = Atom<Slot*>;
+    // Sort of a hack to get ~MPMCQueueBase to free dslots_
+    auto slots = this->dslots_.load();
+    this->dslots_.~AtomSlot();
+    this->slots_ = slots;
+  }
+
+  size_t allocatedCapacity() const noexcept {
+    return this->dcapacity_.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
+  }
+
+  template <typename... Args>
+  void blockingWrite(Args&&... args) noexcept {
+    uint64_t ticket = this->pushTicket_++;
+    Slot* slots;
+    size_t cap;
+    int stride;
+    uint64_t state;
+    uint64_t offset;
+    do {
+      if (!trySeqlockReadSection(state, slots, cap, stride)) {
+        asm_volatile_pause();
+        continue;
+      }
+      if (maybeUpdateFromClosed(state, ticket, offset, slots, cap, stride)) {
+        // There was an expansion after this ticket was issued.
+        break;
+      }
+      if (slots[this->idx((ticket - offset), cap, stride)].mayEnqueue(
+              this->turn(ticket - offset, cap))) {
+        // A slot is ready. No need to expand.
+        break;
+      } else if (
+          this->popTicket_.load(std::memory_order_relaxed) + cap > ticket) {
+        // May block, but a pop is in progress. No need to expand.
+        // Get seqlock read section info again in case an expansion
+        // occurred with an equal or higher ticket.
+        continue;
+      } else {
+        // May block. See if we can expand.
+        if (tryExpand(state, cap)) {
+          // This or another thread started an expansion. Get updated info.
+          continue;
+        } else {
+          // Can't expand.
+          break;
+        }
+      }
+    } while (true);
+    this->enqueueWithTicketBase(
+        ticket - offset, slots, cap, stride, std::forward<Args>(args)...);
+  }
+
+  void blockingReadWithTicket(uint64_t& ticket, T& elem) noexcept {
+    ticket = this->popTicket_++;
+    Slot* slots;
+    size_t cap;
+    int stride;
+    uint64_t state;
+    uint64_t offset;
+    while (!trySeqlockReadSection(state, slots, cap, stride)) {
+      asm_volatile_pause();
+    }
+    // If there was an expansion after the corresponding push ticket
+    // was issued, adjust accordingly
+    maybeUpdateFromClosed(state, ticket, offset, slots, cap, stride);
+    this->dequeueWithTicketBase(ticket - offset, slots, cap, stride, elem);
+  }
+
+ private:
+  enum {
+    kSeqlockBits = 6,
+    kDefaultMinDynamicCapacity = 10,
+    kDefaultExpansionMultiplier = 10,
+  };
+
+  size_t dmult_;
+
+  //  Info about closed slots arrays for use by lagging operations
+  ClosedArray* closed_;
+
+  void initQueue(const size_t cap, const size_t mult) {
+    new (&this->dstride_) Atom<int>(this->computeStride(cap));
+    Slot* slots = new Slot[cap + 2 * this->kSlotPadding];
+    new (&this->dslots_) Atom<Slot*>(slots);
+    this->dstate_.store(0);
+    this->dcapacity_.store(cap);
+    dmult_ = mult;
+    size_t maxClosed = 0;
+    for (size_t expanded = cap; expanded < this->capacity_; expanded *= mult) {
+      ++maxClosed;
+    }
+    closed_ = (maxClosed > 0) ? new ClosedArray[maxClosed] : nullptr;
+  }
+
+  bool tryObtainReadyPushTicket(
+      uint64_t& ticket, Slot*& slots, size_t& cap, int& stride) noexcept {
+    uint64_t state;
+    do {
+      ticket = this->pushTicket_.load(std::memory_order_acquire); // A
+      if (!trySeqlockReadSection(state, slots, cap, stride)) {
+        asm_volatile_pause();
+        continue;
+      }
+
+      // If there was an expansion with offset greater than this ticket,
+      // adjust accordingly
+      uint64_t offset;
+      maybeUpdateFromClosed(state, ticket, offset, slots, cap, stride);
+
+      if (slots[this->idx((ticket - offset), cap, stride)].mayEnqueue(
+              this->turn(ticket - offset, cap))) {
+        // A slot is ready.
+        if (this->pushTicket_.compare_exchange_strong(ticket, ticket + 1)) {
+          // Adjust ticket
+          ticket -= offset;
+          return true;
+        } else {
+          continue;
+        }
+      } else {
+        if (ticket != this->pushTicket_.load(std::memory_order_relaxed)) { // B
+          // Try again. Ticket changed.
+          continue;
+        }
+        // Likely to block.
+        // Try to expand unless the ticket is for a closed array
+        if (offset == getOffset(state)) {
+          if (tryExpand(state, cap)) {
+            // This or another thread started an expansion. Get up-to-date info.
+            continue;
+          }
+        }
+        return false;
+      }
+    } while (true);
+  }
+
+  bool tryObtainPromisedPushTicket(
+      uint64_t& ticket, Slot*& slots, size_t& cap, int& stride) noexcept {
+    uint64_t state;
+    do {
+      ticket = this->pushTicket_.load(std::memory_order_acquire);
+      auto numPops = this->popTicket_.load(std::memory_order_acquire);
+      if (!trySeqlockReadSection(state, slots, cap, stride)) {
+        asm_volatile_pause();
+        continue;
+      }
+
+      const auto curCap = cap;
+      // If there was an expansion with offset greater than this ticket,
+      // adjust accordingly
+      uint64_t offset;
+      maybeUpdateFromClosed(state, ticket, offset, slots, cap, stride);
+
+      int64_t n = ticket - numPops;
+
+      if (n >= static_cast<ssize_t>(cap)) {
+        if ((cap == curCap) && tryExpand(state, cap)) {
+          // This or another thread started an expansion. Start over.
+          continue;
+        }
+        // Can't expand.
+        ticket -= offset;
+        return false;
+      }
+
+      if (this->pushTicket_.compare_exchange_strong(ticket, ticket + 1)) {
+        // Adjust ticket
+        ticket -= offset;
+        return true;
+      }
+    } while (true);
+  }
+
+  bool tryObtainReadyPopTicket(
+      uint64_t& ticket, Slot*& slots, size_t& cap, int& stride) noexcept {
+    uint64_t state;
+    do {
+      ticket = this->popTicket_.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
+      if (!trySeqlockReadSection(state, slots, cap, stride)) {
+        asm_volatile_pause();
+        continue;
+      }
+
+      // If there was an expansion after the corresponding push ticket
+      // was issued, adjust accordingly
+      uint64_t offset;
+      maybeUpdateFromClosed(state, ticket, offset, slots, cap, stride);
+
+      if (slots[this->idx((ticket - offset), cap, stride)].mayDequeue(
+              this->turn(ticket - offset, cap))) {
+        if (this->popTicket_.compare_exchange_strong(ticket, ticket + 1)) {
+          // Adjust ticket
+          ticket -= offset;
+          return true;
+        }
+      } else {
+        return false;
+      }
+    } while (true);
+  }
+
+  bool tryObtainPromisedPopTicket(
+      uint64_t& ticket, Slot*& slots, size_t& cap, int& stride) noexcept {
+    uint64_t state;
+    do {
+      ticket = this->popTicket_.load(std::memory_order_acquire);
+      auto numPushes = this->pushTicket_.load(std::memory_order_acquire);
+      if (!trySeqlockReadSection(state, slots, cap, stride)) {
+        asm_volatile_pause();
+        continue;
+      }
+
+      uint64_t offset;
+      // If there was an expansion after the corresponding push
+      // ticket was issued, adjust accordingly
+      maybeUpdateFromClosed(state, ticket, offset, slots, cap, stride);
+
+      if (ticket >= numPushes) {
+        ticket -= offset;
+        return false;
+      }
+      if (this->popTicket_.compare_exchange_strong(ticket, ticket + 1)) {
+        ticket -= offset;
+        return true;
+      }
+    } while (true);
+  }
+
+  /// Enqueues an element with a specific ticket number
+  template <typename... Args>
+  void enqueueWithTicket(const uint64_t ticket, Args&&... args) noexcept {
+    Slot* slots;
+    size_t cap;
+    int stride;
+    uint64_t state;
+    uint64_t offset;
+
+    while (!trySeqlockReadSection(state, slots, cap, stride)) {
+    }
+
+    // If there was an expansion after this ticket was issued, adjust
+    // accordingly
+    maybeUpdateFromClosed(state, ticket, offset, slots, cap, stride);
+
+    this->enqueueWithTicketBase(
+        ticket - offset, slots, cap, stride, std::forward<Args>(args)...);
+  }
+
+  uint64_t getOffset(const uint64_t state) const noexcept {
+    return state >> kSeqlockBits;
+  }
+
+  int getNumClosed(const uint64_t state) const noexcept {
+    return (state & ((1 << kSeqlockBits) - 1)) >> 1;
+  }
+
+  /// Try to expand the queue. Returns true if this expansion was
+  /// successful or a concurrent expansion is in progress. Returns
+  /// false if the queue has reached its maximum capacity or
+  /// allocation has failed.
+  bool tryExpand(const uint64_t state, const size_t cap) noexcept {
+    if (cap == this->capacity_) {
+      return false;
+    }
+    // Acquire seqlock
+    uint64_t oldval = state;
+    assert((state & 1) == 0);
+    if (this->dstate_.compare_exchange_strong(oldval, state + 1)) {
+      assert(cap == this->dcapacity_.load());
+      uint64_t ticket =
+          1 + std::max(this->pushTicket_.load(), this->popTicket_.load());
+      size_t newCapacity = std::min(dmult_ * cap, this->capacity_);
+      Slot* newSlots =
+          new (std::nothrow) Slot[newCapacity + 2 * this->kSlotPadding];
+      if (newSlots == nullptr) {
+        // Expansion failed. Restore the seqlock
+        this->dstate_.store(state);
+        return false;
+      }
+      // Successful expansion
+      // calculate the current ticket offset
+      uint64_t offset = getOffset(state);
+      // calculate index in closed array
+      int index = getNumClosed(state);
+      assert((index << 1) < (1 << kSeqlockBits));
+      // fill the info for the closed slots array
+      closed_[index].offset_ = offset;
+      closed_[index].slots_ = this->dslots_.load();
+      closed_[index].capacity_ = cap;
+      closed_[index].stride_ = this->dstride_.load();
+      // update the new slots array info
+      this->dslots_.store(newSlots);
+      this->dcapacity_.store(newCapacity);
+      this->dstride_.store(this->computeStride(newCapacity));
+      // Release the seqlock and record the new ticket offset
+      this->dstate_.store((ticket << kSeqlockBits) + (2 * (index + 1)));
+      return true;
+    } else { // failed to acquire seqlock
+      // Someone acquired the seqlock. Go back to the caller and get
+      // up-to-date info.
+      return true;
+    }
+  }
+
+  /// Seqlock read-only section
+  bool trySeqlockReadSection(
+      uint64_t& state, Slot*& slots, size_t& cap, int& stride) noexcept {
+    state = this->dstate_.load(std::memory_order_acquire);
+    if (state & 1) {
+      // Locked.
+      return false;
+    }
+    // Start read-only section.
+    slots = this->dslots_.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
+    cap = this->dcapacity_.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
+    stride = this->dstride_.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
+    // End of read-only section. Validate seqlock.
+    std::atomic_thread_fence(std::memory_order_acquire);
+    return (state == this->dstate_.load(std::memory_order_relaxed));
+  }
+
+  /// If there was an expansion after ticket was issued, update local variables
+  /// of the lagging operation using the most recent closed array with
+  /// offset <= ticket and return true. Otherwise, return false;
+  bool maybeUpdateFromClosed(
+      const uint64_t state,
+      const uint64_t ticket,
+      uint64_t& offset,
+      Slot*& slots,
+      size_t& cap,
+      int& stride) noexcept {
+    offset = getOffset(state);
+    if (ticket >= offset) {
+      return false;
+    }
+    for (int i = getNumClosed(state) - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
+      offset = closed_[i].offset_;
+      if (offset <= ticket) {
+        slots = closed_[i].slots_;
+        cap = closed_[i].capacity_;
+        stride = closed_[i].stride_;
+        return true;
+      }
+    }
+    // A closed array with offset <= ticket should have been found
+    assert(false);
+    return false;
+  }
+};
+
+namespace detail {
+
+/// CRTP specialization of MPMCQueueBase
+template <
+    template <
+        typename T,
+        template <typename>
+        class Atom,
+        bool Dynamic,
+        class Allocator>
+
+    class Derived,
+    typename T,
+    template <typename>
+    class Atom,
+    bool Dynamic,
+    class Allocator>
+class MPMCQueueBase<Derived<T, Atom, Dynamic, Allocator>> {
+  // Note: Using CRTP static casts in several functions of this base
+  // template instead of making called functions virtual or duplicating
+  // the code of calling functions in the derived partially specialized
+  // template
+  using DerivedType = Derived<T, Atom, Dynamic, Allocator>;
+
+  static_assert(
+      std::is_nothrow_constructible<T, T&&>::value ||
+          folly::IsRelocatable<T>::value,
+      "T must be relocatable or have a noexcept move constructor");
+
+ public:
+  typedef T value_type;
+
+  using Slot = detail::SingleElementQueue<T, Atom>;
+
+  explicit MPMCQueueBase(size_t queueCapacity)
+      : capacity_(queueCapacity),
+        dstate_(0),
+        dcapacity_(0),
+        pushTicket_(0),
+        popTicket_(0),
+        pushSpinCutoff_(0),
+        popSpinCutoff_(0) {
+    if (queueCapacity == 0) {
+      throw std::invalid_argument(
+          "MPMCQueue with explicit capacity 0 is impossible"
+          // Stride computation in derived classes would sigfpe if capacity is 0
+      );
+    }
+
+    // ideally this would be a static assert, but g++ doesn't allow it
+    assert(
+        alignof(MPMCQueue<T, Atom>) >= hardware_destructive_interference_size);
+    assert(
+        static_cast<uint8_t*>(static_cast<void*>(&popTicket_)) -
+            static_cast<uint8_t*>(static_cast<void*>(&pushTicket_)) >=
+        static_cast<ptrdiff_t>(hardware_destructive_interference_size));
+  }
+
+  /// A default-constructed queue is useful because a usable (non-zero
+  /// capacity) queue can be moved onto it or swapped with it
+  MPMCQueueBase() noexcept
+      : capacity_(0),
+        slots_(nullptr),
+        stride_(0),
+        dstate_(0),
+        dcapacity_(0),
+        pushTicket_(0),
+        popTicket_(0),
+        pushSpinCutoff_(0),
+        popSpinCutoff_(0) {}
+
+  /// IMPORTANT: The move constructor is here to make it easier to perform
+  /// the initialization phase, it is not safe to use when there are any
+  /// concurrent accesses (this is not checked).
+  MPMCQueueBase(MPMCQueueBase<DerivedType>&& rhs) noexcept
+      : capacity_(rhs.capacity_),
+        slots_(rhs.slots_),
+        stride_(rhs.stride_),
+        dstate_(rhs.dstate_.load(std::memory_order_relaxed)),
+        dcapacity_(rhs.dcapacity_.load(std::memory_order_relaxed)),
+        pushTicket_(rhs.pushTicket_.load(std::memory_order_relaxed)),
+        popTicket_(rhs.popTicket_.load(std::memory_order_relaxed)),
+        pushSpinCutoff_(rhs.pushSpinCutoff_.load(std::memory_order_relaxed)),
+        popSpinCutoff_(rhs.popSpinCutoff_.load(std::memory_order_relaxed)) {
+    // relaxed ops are okay for the previous reads, since rhs queue can't
+    // be in concurrent use
+
+    // zero out rhs
+    rhs.capacity_ = 0;
+    rhs.slots_ = nullptr;
+    rhs.stride_ = 0;
+    rhs.dstate_.store(0, std::memory_order_relaxed);
+    rhs.dcapacity_.store(0, std::memory_order_relaxed);
+    rhs.pushTicket_.store(0, std::memory_order_relaxed);
+    rhs.popTicket_.store(0, std::memory_order_relaxed);
+    rhs.pushSpinCutoff_.store(0, std::memory_order_relaxed);
+    rhs.popSpinCutoff_.store(0, std::memory_order_relaxed);
+  }
+
+  MPMCQueueBase& operator=(MPMCQueueBase&& rhs) = delete;
+  MPMCQueueBase(const MPMCQueueBase&) = delete;
+  MPMCQueueBase& operator=(const MPMCQueueBase&) = delete;
+
+  /// MPMCQueue can only be safely destroyed when there are no
+  /// pending enqueuers or dequeuers (this is not checked).
+  ~MPMCQueueBase() { delete[] slots_; }
+
+  /// Returns the number of writes (including threads that are blocked waiting
+  /// to write) minus the number of reads (including threads that are blocked
+  /// waiting to read). So effectively, it becomes:
+  /// elements in queue + pending(calls to write) - pending(calls to read).
+  /// If nothing is pending, then the method returns the actual number of
+  /// elements in the queue.
+  /// The returned value can be negative if there are no writers and the queue
+  /// is empty, but there is one reader that is blocked waiting to read (in
+  /// which case, the returned size will be -1).
+  ssize_t size() const noexcept {
+    // since both pushes and pops increase monotonically, we can get a
+    // consistent snapshot either by bracketing a read of popTicket_ with
+    // two reads of pushTicket_ that return the same value, or the other
+    // way around.  We maximize our chances by alternately attempting
+    // both bracketings.
+    uint64_t pushes = pushTicket_.load(std::memory_order_acquire); // A
+    uint64_t pops = popTicket_.load(std::memory_order_acquire); // B
+    while (true) {
+      uint64_t nextPushes = pushTicket_.load(std::memory_order_acquire); // C
+      if (pushes == nextPushes) {
+        // pushTicket_ didn't change from A (or the previous C) to C,
+        // so we can linearize at B (or D)
+        return ssize_t(pushes - pops);
+      }
+      pushes = nextPushes;
+      uint64_t nextPops = popTicket_.load(std::memory_order_acquire); // D
+      if (pops == nextPops) {
+        // popTicket_ didn't chance from B (or the previous D), so we
+        // can linearize at C
+        return ssize_t(pushes - pops);
+      }
+      pops = nextPops;
+    }
+  }
+
+  /// Returns true if there are no items available for dequeue
+  bool isEmpty() const noexcept { return size() <= 0; }
+
+  /// Returns true if there is currently no empty space to enqueue
+  bool isFull() const noexcept {
+    // careful with signed -> unsigned promotion, since size can be negative
+    return size() >= static_cast<ssize_t>(capacity_);
+  }
+
+  /// Returns is a guess at size() for contexts that don't need a precise
+  /// value, such as stats. More specifically, it returns the number of writes
+  /// minus the number of reads, but after reading the number of writes, more
+  /// writers could have came before the number of reads was sampled,
+  /// and this method doesn't protect against such case.
+  /// The returned value can be negative.
+  ssize_t sizeGuess() const noexcept { return writeCount() - readCount(); }
+
+  /// Doesn't change
+  size_t capacity() const noexcept { return capacity_; }
+
+  /// Doesn't change for non-dynamic
+  size_t allocatedCapacity() const noexcept { return capacity_; }
+
+  /// Returns the total number of calls to blockingWrite or successful
+  /// calls to write, including those blockingWrite calls that are
+  /// currently blocking
+  uint64_t writeCount() const noexcept {
+    return pushTicket_.load(std::memory_order_acquire);
+  }
+
+  /// Returns the total number of calls to blockingRead or successful
+  /// calls to read, including those blockingRead calls that are currently
+  /// blocking
+  uint64_t readCount() const noexcept {
+    return popTicket_.load(std::memory_order_acquire);
+  }
+
+  /// Enqueues a T constructed from args, blocking until space is
+  /// available.  Note that this method signature allows enqueue via
+  /// move, if args is a T rvalue, via copy, if args is a T lvalue, or
+  /// via emplacement if args is an initializer list that can be passed
+  /// to a T constructor.
+  template <typename... Args>
+  void blockingWrite(Args&&... args) noexcept {
+    enqueueWithTicketBase(
+        pushTicket_++, slots_, capacity_, stride_, std::forward<Args>(args)...);
+  }
+
+  /// If an item can be enqueued with no blocking, does so and returns
+  /// true, otherwise returns false.  This method is similar to
+  /// writeIfNotFull, but if you don't have a specific need for that
+  /// method you should use this one.
+  ///
+  /// One of the common usages of this method is to enqueue via the
+  /// move constructor, something like q.write(std::move(x)).  If write
+  /// returns false because the queue is full then x has not actually been
+  /// consumed, which looks strange.  To understand why it is actually okay
+  /// to use x afterward, remember that std::move is just a typecast that
+  /// provides an rvalue reference that enables use of a move constructor
+  /// or operator.  std::move doesn't actually move anything.  It could
+  /// more accurately be called std::rvalue_cast or std::move_permission.
+  template <typename... Args>
+  bool write(Args&&... args) noexcept {
+    uint64_t ticket;
+    Slot* slots;
+    size_t cap;
+    int stride;
+    if (static_cast<DerivedType*>(this)->tryObtainReadyPushTicket(
+
+            ticket, slots, cap, stride)) {
+      // we have pre-validated that the ticket won't block
+      enqueueWithTicketBase(
+          ticket, slots, cap, stride, std::forward<Args>(args)...);
+      return true;
+    } else {
+      return false;
+    }
+  }
+
+  template <class Clock, typename... Args>
+  bool tryWriteUntil(
+      const std::chrono::time_point<Clock>& when, Args&&... args) noexcept {
+    uint64_t ticket;
+    Slot* slots;
+    size_t cap;
+    int stride;
+    if (tryObtainPromisedPushTicketUntil(ticket, slots, cap, stride, when)) {
+      // we have pre-validated that the ticket won't block, or rather that
+      // it won't block longer than it takes another thread to dequeue an
+      // element from the slot it identifies.
+      enqueueWithTicketBase(
+          ticket, slots, cap, stride, std::forward<Args>(args)...);
+      return true;
+    } else {
+      return false;
+    }
+  }
+
+  /// If the queue is not full, enqueues and returns true, otherwise
+  /// returns false.  Unlike write this method can be blocked by another
+  /// thread, specifically a read that has linearized (been assigned
+  /// a ticket) but not yet completed.  If you don't really need this
+  /// function you should probably use write.
+  ///
+  /// MPMCQueue isn't lock-free, so just because a read operation has
+  /// linearized (and isFull is false) doesn't mean that space has been
+  /// made available for another write.  In this situation write will
+  /// return false, but writeIfNotFull will wait for the dequeue to finish.
+  /// This method is required if you are composing queues and managing
+  /// your own wakeup, because it guarantees that after every successful
+  /// write a readIfNotEmpty will succeed.
+  template <typename... Args>
+  bool writeIfNotFull(Args&&... args) noexcept {
+    uint64_t ticket;
+    Slot* slots;
+    size_t cap;
+    int stride;
+    if (static_cast<DerivedType*>(this)->tryObtainPromisedPushTicket(
+            ticket, slots, cap, stride)) {
+      // some other thread is already dequeuing the slot into which we
+      // are going to enqueue, but we might have to wait for them to finish
+      enqueueWithTicketBase(
+          ticket, slots, cap, stride, std::forward<Args>(args)...);
+      return true;
+    } else {
+      return false;
+    }
+  }
+
+  /// Moves a dequeued element onto elem, blocking until an element
+  /// is available
+  void blockingRead(T& elem) noexcept {
+    uint64_t ticket;
+    static_cast<DerivedType*>(this)->blockingReadWithTicket(ticket, elem);
+  }
+
+  /// Same as blockingRead() but also records the ticket nunmer
+  void blockingReadWithTicket(uint64_t& ticket, T& elem) noexcept {
+    assert(capacity_ != 0);
+    ticket = popTicket_++;
+    dequeueWithTicketBase(ticket, slots_, capacity_, stride_, elem);
+  }
+
+  /// If an item can be dequeued with no blocking, does so and returns true,
+  /// otherwise returns false.
+  ///
+  /// Note that if the matching write is still in progress, this may return
+  /// false even if writes that have been started later have already
+  /// completed. If an external mechanism is used for counting completed writes
+  /// (for example a semaphore) to determine when an element is ready to
+  /// dequeue, readIfNotEmpty() should be used instead, which will wait for the
+  /// write in progress.
+  bool read(T& elem) noexcept {
+    uint64_t ticket;
+    return readAndGetTicket(ticket, elem);
+  }
+
+  /// Same as read() but also records the ticket nunmer
+  bool readAndGetTicket(uint64_t& ticket, T& elem) noexcept {
+    Slot* slots;
+    size_t cap;
+    int stride;
+    if (static_cast<DerivedType*>(this)->tryObtainReadyPopTicket(
+
+            ticket, slots, cap, stride)) {
+      // the ticket has been pre-validated to not block
+      dequeueWithTicketBase(ticket, slots, cap, stride, elem);
+      return true;
+    } else {
+      return false;
+    }
+  }
+
+  template <class Clock, typename... Args>
+  bool tryReadUntil(
+      const std::chrono::time_point<Clock>& when, T& elem) noexcept {
+    uint64_t ticket;
+    Slot* slots;
+    size_t cap;
+    int stride;
+    if (tryObtainPromisedPopTicketUntil(ticket, slots, cap, stride, when)) {
+      // we have pre-validated that the ticket won't block, or rather that
+      // it won't block longer than it takes another thread to enqueue an
+      // element on the slot it identifies.
+      dequeueWithTicketBase(ticket, slots, cap, stride, elem);
+      return true;
+    } else {
+      return false;
+    }
+  }
+
+  /// If the queue is not empty, dequeues and returns true, otherwise
+  /// returns false.  If the matching write is still in progress then this
+  /// method may block waiting for it.  If you don't rely on being able
+  /// to dequeue (such as by counting completed write) then you should
+  /// prefer read.
+  bool readIfNotEmpty(T& elem) noexcept {
+    uint64_t ticket;
+    Slot* slots;
+    size_t cap;
+    int stride;
+    if (static_cast<DerivedType*>(this)->tryObtainPromisedPopTicket(
+            ticket, slots, cap, stride)) {
+      // the matching enqueue already has a ticket, but might not be done
+      dequeueWithTicketBase(ticket, slots, cap, stride, elem);
+      return true;
+    } else {
+      return false;
+    }
+  }
+
+ protected:
+  enum {
+    /// Once every kAdaptationFreq we will spin longer, to try to estimate
+    /// the proper spin backoff
+    kAdaptationFreq = 128,
+
+    /// To avoid false sharing in slots_ with neighboring memory
+    /// allocations, we pad it with this many SingleElementQueue-s at
+    /// each end
+    kSlotPadding =
+        (hardware_destructive_interference_size - 1) / sizeof(Slot) + 1
+  };
+
+  /// The maximum number of items in the queue at once
+  alignas(hardware_destructive_interference_size) size_t capacity_;
+
+  /// Anonymous union for use when Dynamic = false and true, respectively
+  union {
+    /// An array of capacity_ SingleElementQueue-s, each of which holds
+    /// either 0 or 1 item.  We over-allocate by 2 * kSlotPadding and don't
+    /// touch the slots at either end, to avoid false sharing
+    Slot* slots_;
+    /// Current dynamic slots array of dcapacity_ SingleElementQueue-s
+    Atom<Slot*> dslots_;
+  };
+
+  /// Anonymous union for use when Dynamic = false and true, respectively
+  union {
+    /// The number of slots_ indices that we advance for each ticket, to
+    /// avoid false sharing.  Ideally slots_[i] and slots_[i + stride_]
+    /// aren't on the same cache line
+    int stride_;
+    /// Current stride
+    Atom<int> dstride_;
+  };
+
+  /// The following two members are used by dynamic MPMCQueue.
+  /// Ideally they should be in MPMCQueue<T,Atom,true>, but we get
+  /// better cache locality if they are in the same cache line as
+  /// dslots_ and dstride_.
+  ///
+  /// Dynamic state. A packed seqlock and ticket offset
+  Atom<uint64_t> dstate_;
+  /// Dynamic capacity
+  Atom<size_t> dcapacity_;
+
+  /// Enqueuers get tickets from here
+  alignas(hardware_destructive_interference_size) Atom<uint64_t> pushTicket_;
+
+  /// Dequeuers get tickets from here
+  alignas(hardware_destructive_interference_size) Atom<uint64_t> popTicket_;
+
+  /// This is how many times we will spin before using FUTEX_WAIT when
+  /// the queue is full on enqueue, adaptively computed by occasionally
+  /// spinning for longer and smoothing with an exponential moving average
+  alignas(
+      hardware_destructive_interference_size) Atom<uint32_t> pushSpinCutoff_;
+
+  /// The adaptive spin cutoff when the queue is empty on dequeue
+  alignas(hardware_destructive_interference_size) Atom<uint32_t> popSpinCutoff_;
+
+  /// Alignment doesn't prevent false sharing at the end of the struct,
+  /// so fill out the last cache line
+  char pad_[hardware_destructive_interference_size - sizeof(Atom<uint32_t>)];
+
+  /// We assign tickets in increasing order, but we don't want to
+  /// access neighboring elements of slots_ because that will lead to
+  /// false sharing (multiple cores accessing the same cache line even
+  /// though they aren't accessing the same bytes in that cache line).
+  /// To avoid this we advance by stride slots per ticket.
+  ///
+  /// We need gcd(capacity, stride) to be 1 so that we will use all
+  /// of the slots.  We ensure this by only considering prime strides,
+  /// which either have no common divisors with capacity or else have
+  /// a zero remainder after dividing by capacity.  That is sufficient
+  /// to guarantee correctness, but we also want to actually spread the
+  /// accesses away from each other to avoid false sharing (consider a
+  /// stride of 7 with a capacity of 8).  To that end we try a few taking
+  /// care to observe that advancing by -1 is as bad as advancing by 1
+  /// when in comes to false sharing.
+  ///
+  /// The simple way to avoid false sharing would be to pad each
+  /// SingleElementQueue, but since we have capacity_ of them that could
+  /// waste a lot of space.
+  static int computeStride(size_t capacity) noexcept {
+    static const int smallPrimes[] = {2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23};
+
+    int bestStride = 1;
+    size_t bestSep = 1;
+    for (int stride : smallPrimes) {
+      if ((stride % capacity) == 0 || (capacity % stride) == 0) {
+        continue;
+      }
+      size_t sep = stride % capacity;
+      sep = std::min(sep, capacity - sep);
+      if (sep > bestSep) {
+        bestStride = stride;
+        bestSep = sep;
+      }
+    }
+    return bestStride;
+  }
+
+  /// Returns the index into slots_ that should be used when enqueuing or
+  /// dequeuing with the specified ticket
+  size_t idx(uint64_t ticket, size_t cap, int stride) noexcept {
+    return ((ticket * stride) % cap) + kSlotPadding;
+  }
+
+  /// Maps an enqueue or dequeue ticket to the turn should be used at the
+  /// corresponding SingleElementQueue
+  uint32_t turn(uint64_t ticket, size_t cap) noexcept {
+    assert(cap != 0);
+    return uint32_t(ticket / cap);
+  }
+
+  /// Tries to obtain a push ticket for which SingleElementQueue::enqueue
+  /// won't block.  Returns true on immediate success, false on immediate
+  /// failure.
+  bool tryObtainReadyPushTicket(
+      uint64_t& ticket, Slot*& slots, size_t& cap, int& stride) noexcept {
+    ticket = pushTicket_.load(std::memory_order_acquire); // A
+    slots = slots_;
+    cap = capacity_;
+    stride = stride_;
+    while (true) {
+      if (!slots[idx(ticket, cap, stride)].mayEnqueue(turn(ticket, cap))) {
+        // if we call enqueue(ticket, ...) on the SingleElementQueue
+        // right now it would block, but this might no longer be the next
+        // ticket.  We can increase the chance of tryEnqueue success under
+        // contention (without blocking) by rechecking the ticket dispenser
+        auto prev = ticket;
+        ticket = pushTicket_.load(std::memory_order_acquire); // B
+        if (prev == ticket) {
+          // mayEnqueue was bracketed by two reads (A or prev B or prev
+          // failing CAS to B), so we are definitely unable to enqueue
+          return false;
+        }
+      } else {
+        // we will bracket the mayEnqueue check with a read (A or prev B
+        // or prev failing CAS) and the following CAS.  If the CAS fails
+        // it will effect a load of pushTicket_
+        if (pushTicket_.compare_exchange_strong(ticket, ticket + 1)) {
+          return true;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  /// Tries until when to obtain a push ticket for which
+  /// SingleElementQueue::enqueue  won't block.  Returns true on success, false
+  /// on failure.
+  /// ticket is filled on success AND failure.
+  template <class Clock>
+  bool tryObtainPromisedPushTicketUntil(
+      uint64_t& ticket,
+      Slot*& slots,
+      size_t& cap,
+      int& stride,
+      const std::chrono::time_point<Clock>& when) noexcept {
+    bool deadlineReached = false;
+    while (!deadlineReached) {
+      if (static_cast<DerivedType*>(this)->tryObtainPromisedPushTicket(
+              ticket, slots, cap, stride)) {
+        return true;
+      }
+      // ticket is a blocking ticket until the preceding ticket has been
+      // processed: wait until this ticket's turn arrives. We have not reserved
+      // this ticket so we will have to re-attempt to get a non-blocking ticket
+      // if we wake up before we time-out.
+      deadlineReached =
+          !slots[idx(ticket, cap, stride)].tryWaitForEnqueueTurnUntil(
+              turn(ticket, cap),
+              pushSpinCutoff_,
+              (ticket % kAdaptationFreq) == 0,
+              when);
+    }
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  /// Tries to obtain a push ticket which can be satisfied if all
+  /// in-progress pops complete.  This function does not block, but
+  /// blocking may be required when using the returned ticket if some
+  /// other thread's pop is still in progress (ticket has been granted but
+  /// pop has not yet completed).
+  bool tryObtainPromisedPushTicket(
+      uint64_t& ticket, Slot*& slots, size_t& cap, int& stride) noexcept {
+    auto numPushes = pushTicket_.load(std::memory_order_acquire); // A
+    slots = slots_;
+    cap = capacity_;
+    stride = stride_;
+    while (true) {
+      ticket = numPushes;
+      const auto numPops = popTicket_.load(std::memory_order_acquire); // B
+      // n will be negative if pops are pending
+      const int64_t n = int64_t(numPushes - numPops);
+      if (n >= static_cast<ssize_t>(capacity_)) {
+        // Full, linearize at B.  We don't need to recheck the read we
+        // performed at A, because if numPushes was stale at B then the
+        // real numPushes value is even worse
+        return false;
+      }
+      if (pushTicket_.compare_exchange_strong(numPushes, numPushes + 1)) {
+        return true;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  /// Tries to obtain a pop ticket for which SingleElementQueue::dequeue
+  /// won't block.  Returns true on immediate success, false on immediate
+  /// failure.
+  bool tryObtainReadyPopTicket(
+      uint64_t& ticket, Slot*& slots, size_t& cap, int& stride) noexcept {
+    ticket = popTicket_.load(std::memory_order_acquire);
+    slots = slots_;
+    cap = capacity_;
+    stride = stride_;
+    while (true) {
+      if (!slots[idx(ticket, cap, stride)].mayDequeue(turn(ticket, cap))) {
+        auto prev = ticket;
+        ticket = popTicket_.load(std::memory_order_acquire);
+        if (prev == ticket) {
+          return false;
+        }
+      } else {
+        if (popTicket_.compare_exchange_strong(ticket, ticket + 1)) {
+          return true;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  /// Tries until when to obtain a pop ticket for which
+  /// SingleElementQueue::dequeue won't block.  Returns true on success, false
+  /// on failure.
+  /// ticket is filled on success AND failure.
+  template <class Clock>
+  bool tryObtainPromisedPopTicketUntil(
+      uint64_t& ticket,
+      Slot*& slots,
+      size_t& cap,
+      int& stride,
+      const std::chrono::time_point<Clock>& when) noexcept {
+    bool deadlineReached = false;
+    while (!deadlineReached) {
+      if (static_cast<DerivedType*>(this)->tryObtainPromisedPopTicket(
+              ticket, slots, cap, stride)) {
+        return true;
+      }
+      // ticket is a blocking ticket until the preceding ticket has been
+      // processed: wait until this ticket's turn arrives. We have not reserved
+      // this ticket so we will have to re-attempt to get a non-blocking ticket
+      // if we wake up before we time-out.
+      deadlineReached =
+          !slots[idx(ticket, cap, stride)].tryWaitForDequeueTurnUntil(
+              turn(ticket, cap),
+              pushSpinCutoff_,
+              (ticket % kAdaptationFreq) == 0,
+              when);
+    }
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  /// Similar to tryObtainReadyPopTicket, but returns a pop ticket whose
+  /// corresponding push ticket has already been handed out, rather than
+  /// returning one whose corresponding push ticket has already been
+  /// completed.  This means that there is a possibility that the caller
+  /// will block when using the ticket, but it allows the user to rely on
+  /// the fact that if enqueue has succeeded, tryObtainPromisedPopTicket
+  /// will return true.  The "try" part of this is that we won't have
+  /// to block waiting for someone to call enqueue, although we might
+  /// have to block waiting for them to finish executing code inside the
+  /// MPMCQueue itself.
+  bool tryObtainPromisedPopTicket(
+      uint64_t& ticket, Slot*& slots, size_t& cap, int& stride) noexcept {
+    auto numPops = popTicket_.load(std::memory_order_acquire); // A
+    slots = slots_;
+    cap = capacity_;
+    stride = stride_;
+    while (true) {
+      ticket = numPops;
+      const auto numPushes = pushTicket_.load(std::memory_order_acquire); // B
+      if (numPops >= numPushes) {
+        // Empty, or empty with pending pops.  Linearize at B.  We don't
+        // need to recheck the read we performed at A, because if numPops
+        // is stale then the fresh value is larger and the >= is still true
+        return false;
+      }
+      if (popTicket_.compare_exchange_strong(numPops, numPops + 1)) {
+        return true;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Given a ticket, constructs an enqueued item using args
+  template <typename... Args>
+  void enqueueWithTicketBase(
+      uint64_t ticket,
+      Slot* slots,
+      size_t cap,
+      int stride,
+      Args&&... args) noexcept {
+    slots[idx(ticket, cap, stride)].enqueue(
+        turn(ticket, cap),
+        pushSpinCutoff_,
+        (ticket % kAdaptationFreq) == 0,
+        std::forward<Args>(args)...);
+  }
+
+  // To support tracking ticket numbers in MPMCPipelineStageImpl
+  template <typename... Args>
+  void enqueueWithTicket(uint64_t ticket, Args&&... args) noexcept {
+    enqueueWithTicketBase(
+        ticket, slots_, capacity_, stride_, std::forward<Args>(args)...);
+  }
+
+  // Given a ticket, dequeues the corresponding element
+  void dequeueWithTicketBase(
+      uint64_t ticket, Slot* slots, size_t cap, int stride, T& elem) noexcept {
+    assert(cap != 0);
+    slots[idx(ticket, cap, stride)].dequeue(
+        turn(ticket, cap),
+        popSpinCutoff_,
+        (ticket % kAdaptationFreq) == 0,
+        elem);
+  }
+};
+
+/// SingleElementQueue implements a blocking queue that holds at most one
+/// item, and that requires its users to assign incrementing identifiers
+/// (turns) to each enqueue and dequeue operation.  Note that the turns
+/// used by SingleElementQueue are doubled inside the TurnSequencer
+template <typename T, template <typename> class Atom>
+struct SingleElementQueue {
+  ~SingleElementQueue() noexcept {
+    if ((sequencer_.uncompletedTurnLSB() & 1) == 1) {
+      // we are pending a dequeue, so we have a constructed item
+      destroyContents();
+    }
+  }
+
+  /// enqueue using in-place noexcept construction
+  template <
+      typename... Args,
+      typename = typename std::enable_if<
+          std::is_nothrow_constructible<T, Args...>::value>::type>
+  void enqueue(
+      const uint32_t turn,
+      Atom<uint32_t>& spinCutoff,
+      const bool updateSpinCutoff,
+      Args&&... args) noexcept {
+    sequencer_.waitForTurn(turn * 2, spinCutoff, updateSpinCutoff);
+    new (&contents_) T(std::forward<Args>(args)...);
+    sequencer_.completeTurn(turn * 2);
+  }
+
+  /// enqueue using move construction, either real (if
+  /// is_nothrow_move_constructible) or simulated using relocation and
+  /// default construction (if IsRelocatable and is_nothrow_constructible)
+  template <
+      typename = typename std::enable_if<
+          (folly::IsRelocatable<T>::value &&
+           std::is_nothrow_constructible<T>::value) ||
+          std::is_nothrow_constructible<T, T&&>::value>::type>
+  void enqueue(
+      const uint32_t turn,
+      Atom<uint32_t>& spinCutoff,
+      const bool updateSpinCutoff,
+      T&& goner) noexcept {
+    enqueueImpl(
+        turn,
+        spinCutoff,
+        updateSpinCutoff,
+        std::move(goner),
+        typename std::conditional<
+            std::is_nothrow_constructible<T, T&&>::value,
+            ImplByMove,
+            ImplByRelocation>::type());
+  }
+
+  /// Waits until either:
+  /// 1: the dequeue turn preceding the given enqueue turn has arrived
+  /// 2: the given deadline has arrived
+  /// Case 1 returns true, case 2 returns false.
+  template <class Clock>
+  bool tryWaitForEnqueueTurnUntil(
+      const uint32_t turn,
+      Atom<uint32_t>& spinCutoff,
+      const bool updateSpinCutoff,
+      const std::chrono::time_point<Clock>& when) noexcept {
+    return sequencer_.tryWaitForTurn(
+               turn * 2, spinCutoff, updateSpinCutoff, &when) !=
+        TurnSequencer<Atom>::TryWaitResult::TIMEDOUT;
+  }
+
+  bool mayEnqueue(const uint32_t turn) const noexcept {
+    return sequencer_.isTurn(turn * 2);
+  }
+
+  void dequeue(
+      uint32_t turn,
+      Atom<uint32_t>& spinCutoff,
+      const bool updateSpinCutoff,
+      T& elem) noexcept {
+    dequeueImpl(
+        turn,
+        spinCutoff,
+        updateSpinCutoff,
+        elem,
+        typename std::conditional<
+            folly::IsRelocatable<T>::value,
+            ImplByRelocation,
+            ImplByMove>::type());
+  }
+
+  /// Waits until either:
+  /// 1: the enqueue turn preceding the given dequeue turn has arrived
+  /// 2: the given deadline has arrived
+  /// Case 1 returns true, case 2 returns false.
+  template <class Clock>
+  bool tryWaitForDequeueTurnUntil(
+      const uint32_t turn,
+      Atom<uint32_t>& spinCutoff,
+      const bool updateSpinCutoff,
+      const std::chrono::time_point<Clock>& when) noexcept {
+    return sequencer_.tryWaitForTurn(
+               turn * 2 + 1, spinCutoff, updateSpinCutoff, &when) !=
+        TurnSequencer<Atom>::TryWaitResult::TIMEDOUT;
+  }
+
+  bool mayDequeue(const uint32_t turn) const noexcept {
+    return sequencer_.isTurn(turn * 2 + 1);
+  }
+
+ private:
+  /// Storage for a T constructed with placement new
+  aligned_storage_for_t<T> contents_;
+
+  /// Even turns are pushes, odd turns are pops
+  TurnSequencer<Atom> sequencer_;
+
+  T* ptr() noexcept { return static_cast<T*>(static_cast<void*>(&contents_)); }
+
+  void destroyContents() noexcept {
+    try {
+      ptr()->~T();
+    } catch (...) {
+      // g++ doesn't seem to have std::is_nothrow_destructible yet
+    }
+    if (kIsDebug) {
+      memset(&contents_, 'Q', sizeof(T));
+    }
+  }
+
+  /// Tag classes for dispatching to enqueue/dequeue implementation.
+  struct ImplByRelocation {};
+  struct ImplByMove {};
+
+  /// enqueue using nothrow move construction.
+  void enqueueImpl(
+      const uint32_t turn,
+      Atom<uint32_t>& spinCutoff,
+      const bool updateSpinCutoff,
+      T&& goner,
+      ImplByMove) noexcept {
+    sequencer_.waitForTurn(turn * 2, spinCutoff, updateSpinCutoff);
+    new (&contents_) T(std::move(goner));
+    sequencer_.completeTurn(turn * 2);
+  }
+
+  /// enqueue by simulating nothrow move with relocation, followed by
+  /// default construction to a noexcept relocation.
+  void enqueueImpl(
+      const uint32_t turn,
+      Atom<uint32_t>& spinCutoff,
+      const bool updateSpinCutoff,
+      T&& goner,
+      ImplByRelocation) noexcept {
+    sequencer_.waitForTurn(turn * 2, spinCutoff, updateSpinCutoff);
+    memcpy(
+        static_cast<void*>(&contents_),
+        static_cast<void const*>(&goner),
+        sizeof(T));
+    sequencer_.completeTurn(turn * 2);
+    new (&goner) T();
+  }
+
+  /// dequeue by destructing followed by relocation.  This version is preferred,
+  /// because as much work as possible can be done before waiting.
+  void dequeueImpl(
+      uint32_t turn,
+      Atom<uint32_t>& spinCutoff,
+      const bool updateSpinCutoff,
+      T& elem,
+      ImplByRelocation) noexcept {
+    try {
+      elem.~T();
+    } catch (...) {
+      // unlikely, but if we don't complete our turn the queue will die
+    }
+    sequencer_.waitForTurn(turn * 2 + 1, spinCutoff, updateSpinCutoff);
+    memcpy(
+        static_cast<void*>(&elem),
+        static_cast<void const*>(&contents_),
+        sizeof(T));
+    sequencer_.completeTurn(turn * 2 + 1);
+  }
+
+  /// dequeue by nothrow move assignment.
+  void dequeueImpl(
+      uint32_t turn,
+      Atom<uint32_t>& spinCutoff,
+      const bool updateSpinCutoff,
+      T& elem,
+      ImplByMove) noexcept {
+    sequencer_.waitForTurn(turn * 2 + 1, spinCutoff, updateSpinCutoff);
+    elem = std::move(*ptr());
+    destroyContents();
+    sequencer_.completeTurn(turn * 2 + 1);
+  }
+};
+
+} // namespace detail
+
+} // namespace folly