rea-agents 6.4.0 → 6.7.0

package/dist/gdb/GdbSessionManager.js

@@ -0,0 +1,1639 @@
+import { randomUUID } from "node:crypto";
+import { constants as fsConstants } from "node:fs";
+import { isUtf8 } from "node:buffer";
+import { readFile, readlink, realpath, stat } from "node:fs/promises";
+import { AnalysisCapabilityUnavailableError, AnalysisCancelledError, AnalysisInputError, AnalysisResourceConstraintError, AnalysisTimeoutError, } from "../domain/analysisErrorCore.js";
+import { AnalysisError, } from "../domain/analysisErrorBase.js";
+import { createEvidence } from "../domain/evidence.js";
+import { err, ok } from "../domain/result.js";
+import { ProviderProcessSupervisor, spawnOwnedProviderProcess, } from "../process/ProviderProcess.js";
+import { closeOwnedDebuggerSessions, stopOwnedDebuggerProcess, verifyOwnedInferiorsEnded, } from "../process/ownedDebuggerSession.js";
+import { parseLinuxProcessStartTime } from "../process/ProcessOwnershipObservation.js";
+const STARTUP_TIMEOUT_MS = 10_000;
+const COMMAND_TIMEOUT_MS = 120_000;
+const MAX_COMMAND_OUTPUT_BYTES = 16 * 1024 * 1024;
+const MAX_COMMAND_OUTPUT_RECORDS = 16_384;
+const MAX_MI_LINE_BYTES = 16 * 1024 * 1024;
+const MAX_RECENT_MI_LINE_BYTES = 64 * 1024;
+const MAX_DIAGNOSTIC_BYTES = 64 * 1024;
+const DEFAULT_MAX_SESSIONS = 8;
+const MAX_PENDING_GDB_COMMANDS = 16;
+const RECENT_RECORD_TRUNCATION_MARKER = "[recent record truncated]";
+export const GDB_PROVIDER_IDENTITY = {
+    id: "gnu.gdb",
+    name: "GNU GDB",
+    version: null,
+};
+class GdbCommandTimeoutError extends AnalysisTimeoutError {
+    partial;
+    evidence;
+    constructor(partial, evidence, timeoutMs) {
+        super("gdb_console", timeoutMs);
+        this.partial = partial;
+        this.evidence = evidence;
+    }
+}
+const truncateUtf8RecordPrefix = (line) => {
+    const budget = MAX_RECENT_MI_LINE_BYTES -
+        Buffer.byteLength(RECENT_RECORD_TRUNCATION_MARKER, "utf8");
+    let prefix = "";
+    let retainedBytes = 0;
+    for (const codePoint of line) {
+        const codePointBytes = Buffer.byteLength(codePoint, "utf8");
+        if (retainedBytes + codePointBytes > budget)
+            break;
+        prefix += codePoint;
+        retainedBytes += codePointBytes;
+    }
+    return `${prefix}${RECENT_RECORD_TRUNCATION_MARKER}`;
+};
+/** Bound parser memory when a capped MI record contains extreme nesting. */
+const MAX_GDB_MI_NESTED_VALUE_FRAMES = 256;
+/** Parse a complete MI result record and retain the unique top-level groups list span. */
+const gdbMiGroupsListSpan = (mi) => {
+    const prefix = /^(?:\d+)?\^done/u.exec(mi)?.[0];
+    if (prefix === undefined)
+        return undefined;
+    const isNameCharacter = (character) => character !== undefined &&
+        !/[=,{}[\]"\s]/u.test(character) &&
+        character.charCodeAt(0) >= 0x20;
+    const readName = (start) => {
+        if (!isNameCharacter(mi[start]))
+            return start;
+        let cursor = start;
+        while (isNameCharacter(mi[cursor]))
+            cursor += 1;
+        return cursor;
+    };
+    const readString = (start) => {
+        for (let cursor = start + 1; cursor < mi.length; cursor += 1) {
+            const character = mi[cursor];
+            if (character === '"')
+                return cursor + 1;
+            if (character === "\\") {
+                cursor += 1;
+                const escaped = mi[cursor];
+                if (escaped === undefined)
+                    return undefined;
+                if (escaped === "x") {
+                    const startHex = cursor + 1;
+                    cursor = startHex;
+                    while (/[0-9a-f]/iu.test(mi[cursor] ?? ""))
+                        cursor += 1;
+                    if (cursor === startHex)
+                        return undefined;
+                    cursor -= 1;
+                }
+                else if (/[0-7]/u.test(escaped)) {
+                    let digits = 1;
+                    while (digits < 3 && /[0-7]/u.test(mi[cursor + 1] ?? "")) {
+                        cursor += 1;
+                        digits += 1;
+                    }
+                }
+                else if (!/^[abfnrtv\\'"?]$/u.test(escaped))
+                    return undefined;
+            }
+            else if (mi.charCodeAt(cursor) < 0x20)
+                return undefined;
+        }
+        return undefined;
+    };
+    const stack = [];
+    let groupSpan;
+    let groupSeen = false;
+    let cursor = prefix.length;
+    let valueStart = -1;
+    let pendingGroupList = false;
+    const completeValue = () => {
+        const parent = stack.at(-1);
+        if (parent !== undefined)
+            parent.phase = "afterItem";
+    };
+    const beginValue = () => {
+        const character = mi[cursor];
+        if (pendingGroupList && character !== "[")
+            return false;
+        if (character === '"') {
+            const end = readString(cursor);
+            if (end === undefined)
+                return false;
+            cursor = end;
+            completeValue();
+            return true;
+        }
+        if (character === "[" || character === "{") {
+            const kind = character === "[" ? "list" : "tuple";
+            const groupInventory = pendingGroupList;
+            if (groupInventory && kind !== "list")
+                return false;
+            if (stack.length >= MAX_GDB_MI_NESTED_VALUE_FRAMES)
+                return false;
+            const parent = stack.at(-1);
+            const groupTuple = kind === "tuple" && parent?.groupInventory === true;
+            pendingGroupList = false;
+            cursor += 1;
+            stack.push({
+                kind,
+                close: kind === "list" ? "]" : "}",
+                groupInventory,
+                groupStart: groupInventory ? valueStart : undefined,
+                groupTuple,
+                phase: "first",
+                listItems: undefined,
+                groupIdSeen: false,
+            });
+            return true;
+        }
+        return false;
+    };
+    while (true) {
+        const frame = stack.at(-1);
+        if (frame === undefined) {
+            if (cursor === mi.length)
+                break;
+            if (mi[cursor] !== ",")
+                return undefined;
+            cursor += 1;
+            const nameEnd = readName(cursor);
+            if (nameEnd === cursor || mi[nameEnd] !== "=")
+                return undefined;
+            const name = mi.slice(cursor, nameEnd);
+            if (name === "groups") {
+                if (groupSeen)
+                    return undefined;
+                groupSeen = true;
+                valueStart = nameEnd + 1;
+                pendingGroupList = true;
+            }
+            cursor = nameEnd + 1;
+            if (!beginValue())
+                return undefined;
+            continue;
+        }
+        if (frame.phase === "afterItem") {
+            if (mi[cursor] === ",") {
+                cursor += 1;
+                frame.phase = "afterComma";
+                continue;
+            }
+            if (mi[cursor] !== frame.close)
+                return undefined;
+            if (frame.groupTuple && !frame.groupIdSeen)
+                return undefined;
+            cursor += 1;
+            stack.pop();
+            if (frame.groupInventory) {
+                if (frame.groupStart === undefined)
+                    return undefined;
+                groupSpan = { start: frame.groupStart, end: cursor };
+            }
+            completeValue();
+            continue;
+        }
+        if (frame.phase === "first" && mi[cursor] === frame.close) {
+            if (frame.groupTuple && !frame.groupIdSeen)
+                return undefined;
+            cursor += 1;
+            stack.pop();
+            if (frame.groupInventory) {
+                if (frame.groupStart === undefined)
+                    return undefined;
+                groupSpan = { start: frame.groupStart, end: cursor };
+            }
+            completeValue();
+            continue;
+        }
+        if (frame.phase === "first" || frame.phase === "afterComma") {
+            if (frame.kind === "tuple") {
+                const nameEnd = readName(cursor);
+                if (nameEnd === cursor || mi[nameEnd] !== "=")
+                    return undefined;
+                if (frame.groupTuple && mi.slice(cursor, nameEnd) === "id") {
+                    if (frame.groupIdSeen || mi[nameEnd + 1] !== '"')
+                        return undefined;
+                    frame.groupIdSeen = true;
+                }
+                cursor = nameEnd + 1;
+                if (!beginValue())
+                    return undefined;
+                continue;
+            }
+            const nameEnd = readName(cursor);
+            const itemIsResult = nameEnd > cursor && mi[nameEnd] === "=";
+            const itemKind = itemIsResult ? "result" : "value";
+            if (frame.listItems !== undefined && frame.listItems !== itemKind)
+                return undefined;
+            frame.listItems = itemKind;
+            if (frame.groupInventory && (itemIsResult || mi[cursor] !== "{"))
+                return undefined;
+            if (itemIsResult)
+                cursor = nameEnd + 1;
+            if (!beginValue())
+                return undefined;
+            continue;
+        }
+        return undefined;
+    }
+    return groupSpan;
+};
+/** @internal Pure parser for live PIDs in recursive GDB MI thread groups. */
+export const gdbThreadGroupPids = (mi) => {
+    const groupsSpan = gdbMiGroupsListSpan(mi);
+    if (groupsSpan === undefined)
+        return undefined;
+    const start = groupsSpan.start + 1;
+    let squareDepth = 1;
+    let objectDepth = 0;
+    let quoted = false;
+    let escaped = false;
+    const pids = [];
+    let fieldStart = start;
+    let pidStart;
+    let hasLivePid = false;
+    let currentPid;
+    for (let index = start; index < mi.length; index += 1) {
+        const character = mi[index];
+        if (quoted) {
+            if (escaped)
+                escaped = false;
+            else if (character === "\\")
+                escaped = true;
+            else if (character === '"') {
+                quoted = false;
+                if (pidStart !== undefined) {
+                    const pid = mi.slice(pidStart, index);
+                    if (!/^[1-9]\d*$/u.test(pid))
+                        return undefined;
+                    hasLivePid = true;
+                    currentPid = pid;
+                    pidStart = undefined;
+                }
+            }
+            continue;
+        }
+        if ((mi[index - 1] === "{" || mi[index - 1] === ",") &&
+            mi.startsWith("groups=", index))
+            return undefined;
+        if (character === '"') {
+            if (squareDepth === 1 &&
+                objectDepth === 1 &&
+                mi.slice(fieldStart, index) === "pid=") {
+                if (hasLivePid)
+                    return undefined;
+                pidStart = index + 1;
+            }
+            quoted = true;
+            continue;
+        }
+        if (character === "[")
+            squareDepth += 1;
+        else if (character === "]") {
+            squareDepth -= 1;
+            if (squareDepth === 0) {
+                if (objectDepth !== 0 || index + 1 !== groupsSpan.end)
+                    return undefined;
+                return pids;
+            }
+        }
+        else if (character === "{") {
+            if (squareDepth === 1 && objectDepth === 0) {
+                hasLivePid = false;
+                currentPid = undefined;
+                fieldStart = index + 1;
+            }
+            objectDepth += 1;
+        }
+        else if (character === "}") {
+            if (squareDepth === 1 && objectDepth === 1) {
+                const field = mi.slice(fieldStart, index);
+                if (field.startsWith("pid=") && !/^pid="[1-9]\d*"$/u.test(field))
+                    return undefined;
+            }
+            objectDepth -= 1;
+            if (objectDepth < 0)
+                return undefined;
+            if (squareDepth === 1 && objectDepth === 0 && hasLivePid) {
+                if (currentPid === undefined)
+                    return undefined;
+                pids.push(currentPid);
+            }
+        }
+        else if (character === "," && squareDepth === 1 && objectDepth === 1) {
+            const field = mi.slice(fieldStart, index);
+            if (field.startsWith("pid=") && !/^pid="[1-9]\d*"$/u.test(field))
+                return undefined;
+            fieldStart = index + 1;
+        }
+    }
+    return undefined;
+};
+/** @internal Pure count of recursive GDB MI groups with live PIDs. */
+export const gdbThreadGroupCount = (mi) => {
+    const pids = gdbThreadGroupPids(mi);
+    return pids?.length;
+};
+const verifyGdbInferiorOutputSink = async (pid, selectedTty, rememberIdentity) => {
+    if (process.platform !== "linux")
+        throw new Error("GDB cannot confirm live inferior output descriptors outside Linux /proc.");
+    const statPath = `/proc/${pid}/stat`;
+    const before = parseLinuxProcessStartTime(await readFile(statPath, "utf8"));
+    if (before === undefined)
+        throw new Error("GDB could not establish the live inferior identity.");
+    const ttyPath = await realpath(selectedTty);
+    const tty = await stat(ttyPath);
+    if ((tty.mode & fsConstants.S_IFMT) !== fsConstants.S_IFCHR)
+        throw new Error("The selected GDB output sink is not a character device.");
+    for (const descriptor of ["1", "2"]) {
+        const descriptorPath = `/proc/${pid}/fd/${descriptor}`;
+        const destination = await readlink(descriptorPath);
+        const observed = await stat(descriptorPath);
+        if (observed.dev !== tty.dev ||
+            observed.ino !== tty.ino ||
+            (observed.mode & fsConstants.S_IFMT) !== fsConstants.S_IFCHR ||
+            (await realpath(destination)) !== ttyPath)
+            throw new Error(`GDB inferior descriptor ${descriptor} no longer points to the selected TTY.`);
+    }
+    const after = parseLinuxProcessStartTime(await readFile(statPath, "utf8"));
+    if (after !== before)
+        throw new Error("The GDB inferior identity changed during descriptor readback.");
+    rememberIdentity({ pid, startTime: before });
+};
+class GdbCommandProcessExitError extends Error {
+    partial;
+    constructor(partial) {
+        super(`GDB exited before returning the active MI command result (exit code ${String(partial.process_exit_code)}, signal ${String(partial.process_exit_signal)}).`);
+        this.partial = partial;
+    }
+}
+class GdbProtocolFailureError extends Error {
+    partial;
+    constructor(message, partial) {
+        super(message);
+        this.partial = partial;
+    }
+}
+/** @internal Convert an unknown boundary failure without dropping non-Error values. */
+export const gdbErrorMessage = (cause) => cause instanceof Error ? cause.message : String(cause);
+/** Owns persistent GDB/MI sessions independently from the active binary target. */
+export class GdbSessionManager {
+    #sessions = new Map();
+    #activeStarts = new Map();
+    #command;
+    #environment;
+    #commandTimeoutMs;
+    #startupTimeoutMs;
+    #platform;
+    #stopProcess;
+    #spawnProcess;
+    #verifyInferiorOutputSink;
+    #readInferiorProcessStartTime;
+    #maxSessions;
+    #maxCommandOutputBytes;
+    #sessionReservations = 0;
+    #closing = false;
+    #closePromise;
+    constructor(options = {}) {
+        this.#environment = { ...(options.environment ?? process.env) };
+        this.#command = this.#environment.REA_GDB_COMMAND ?? "gdb";
+        this.#commandTimeoutMs = options.commandTimeoutMs ?? COMMAND_TIMEOUT_MS;
+        this.#startupTimeoutMs = options.startupTimeoutMs ?? STARTUP_TIMEOUT_MS;
+        this.#platform = options.platform ?? process.platform;
+        this.#stopProcess = options.stopProcess ?? stopOwnedDebuggerProcess;
+        this.#spawnProcess = options.spawnProcess ?? spawnOwnedProviderProcess;
+        this.#verifyInferiorOutputSink =
+            options.verifyInferiorOutputSink ?? verifyGdbInferiorOutputSink;
+        this.#readInferiorProcessStartTime = options.readInferiorProcessStartTime;
+        this.#maxSessions = options.maxSessions ?? DEFAULT_MAX_SESSIONS;
+        this.#maxCommandOutputBytes =
+            options.maxCommandOutputBytes ?? MAX_COMMAND_OUTPUT_BYTES;
+    }
+    async start(signal, options = {}) {
+        if (options.inferiorTty !== undefined &&
+            (options.inferiorTty.length === 0 || options.inferiorTty.includes("\0")))
+            return err(new AnalysisInputError("start_gdb_session", undefined, [
+                {
+                    path: ["inferior_tty"],
+                    reason: "invalid_value",
+                    message: "The inferior TTY path must be non-empty and must not contain NUL.",
+                },
+            ]));
+        if (this.#closing || signal?.aborted)
+            return err(new AnalysisCancelledError("start_gdb_session"));
+        if (this.#platform !== "linux")
+            return err(new AnalysisCapabilityUnavailableError("gdb", "start_gdb_session", this.#platform === "win32"
+                ? "Persistent Windows GDB sessions are unavailable because owned Job Object cleanup can terminate debugger inferiors."
+                : "Persistent GDB sessions are available only on Linux because REA verifies live inferior output descriptors through /proc."));
+        const controller = new AbortController();
+        const relayAbort = () => controller.abort(signal?.reason);
+        signal?.addEventListener("abort", relayAbort, { once: true });
+        if (signal?.aborted)
+            relayAbort();
+        const tracked = Promise.resolve()
+            .then(() => this.#startWithReservation(controller.signal, options))
+            .finally(() => {
+            signal?.removeEventListener("abort", relayAbort);
+            this.#activeStarts.delete(controller);
+        });
+        this.#activeStarts.set(controller, tracked);
+        return tracked;
+    }
+    async #startWithReservation(signal, options = {}) {
+        if (signal?.aborted)
+            return err(new AnalysisCancelledError("start_gdb_session"));
+        const occupied = this.#sessions.size + this.#sessionReservations;
+        if (occupied >= this.#maxSessions)
+            return err(new AnalysisResourceConstraintError("start_gdb_session", "memory", "GDB session capacity reached.", {
+                max_sessions: this.#maxSessions,
+                active_or_reserved_sessions: occupied,
+            }));
+        this.#sessionReservations += 1;
+        let reservationHeld = true;
+        const releaseReservation = () => {
+            if (!reservationHeld)
+                return;
+            reservationHeld = false;
+            this.#sessionReservations -= 1;
+        };
+        try {
+            return await this.#startReserved(releaseReservation, signal, options);
+        }
+        finally {
+            releaseReservation();
+        }
+    }
+    async #startReserved(releaseReservation, signal, options = {}) {
+        const id = randomUUID();
+        const mi3 = await this.#startProtocol(id, "mi3", releaseReservation, signal, options.inferiorTty);
+        return mi3.ok || signal.aborted || this.#sessions.has(id)
+            ? mi3
+            : this.#startProtocol(id, "mi2", releaseReservation, signal, options.inferiorTty);
+    }
+    async #startProtocol(id, miVersion, releaseReservation, signal, inferiorTty) {
+        let launched;
+        try {
+            const spawnOptions = {
+                command: this.#command,
+                arguments: ["--nx", "--quiet", `--interpreter=${miVersion}`],
+                runId: randomUUID(),
+                stdin: "pipe",
+                hostEnvironment: this.#environment,
+                signal,
+            };
+            launched = await this.#spawnProcess(spawnOptions);
+        }
+        catch (cause) {
+            if (signal?.aborted || cause instanceof AnalysisCancelledError)
+                return err(new AnalysisCancelledError("start_gdb_session", { cause }));
+            return err(new AnalysisCapabilityUnavailableError("gdb", "start_gdb_session", cause instanceof Error ? cause.message : "Unable to start GDB"));
+        }
+        const supervisor = new ProviderProcessSupervisor({ process: launched.process, ownsProcessLifetime: false }, { captureStdout: false, maxDiagnosticBytes: MAX_DIAGNOSTIC_BYTES });
+        let settleStdout;
+        const stdoutSettled = new Promise((resolve) => {
+            settleStdout = resolve;
+        });
+        const session = {
+            id,
+            miVersion,
+            launched,
+            supervisor,
+            detachInferior: () => this.#detachInferior(session),
+            inferiorStateUnknown: () => !session.noInferiorVerified,
+            verifyInferiorsEndedAfterExit: async () => {
+                const ended = await verifyOwnedInferiorsEnded(session.knownInferiorIdentities.values(), this.#readInferiorProcessStartTime);
+                if (ended)
+                    session.knownInferiorIdentities.clear();
+                return ended;
+            },
+            knownInferiorIdentities: new Map(),
+            inferiorTty,
+            maxCommandOutputBytes: this.#maxCommandOutputBytes,
+            stdoutSettled,
+            settleStdout,
+            inferiorTtyVerified: false,
+            // GDB is launched with --nx and receives no target-execution commands
+            // during startup, so no inferior can exist until execute() is called.
+            noInferiorVerified: true,
+            stopAttempt: undefined,
+            pending: new Map(),
+            cleanupFailures: new Set(),
+            lines: [],
+            bufferChunks: [],
+            bufferTail: undefined,
+            bufferTailBytes: 0,
+            bufferBytes: 0,
+            invalidUtf8Observed: false,
+            promptTail: "",
+            ready: false,
+            exited: false,
+            exitCode: null,
+            exitSignal: null,
+            nextToken: 1,
+            startupResolve: undefined,
+            startupReject: undefined,
+            commandTail: Promise.resolve(),
+            pendingCommandCount: 0,
+            protocolError: undefined,
+            recentRecordsTruncated: false,
+        };
+        launched.process.stdout?.on("data", (chunk) => this.#receive(session, typeof chunk === "string" ? Buffer.from(chunk, "utf8") : chunk));
+        if (launched.process.stdout === null)
+            settleStdout();
+        else
+            launched.process.stdout.once("end", settleStdout);
+        launched.process.stdin?.on("error", (cause) => this.#failProtocol(session, `GDB stdin stream failed: ${cause.message}`));
+        launched.process.stdin?.once("close", () => this.#failProtocol(session, "GDB stdin stream closed unexpectedly."));
+        launched.process.once("exit", (code, signalCode) => {
+            session.exited = true;
+            session.exitCode = code;
+            session.exitSignal = signalCode;
+            void this.#waitForStdoutSettlement(session).then(() => session.startupReject?.(new Error(`GDB exited during startup (exit code ${String(code)}, signal ${String(signalCode)}).`)));
+            void this.#settleExitedCommands(session, code, signalCode);
+        });
+        let startupTimer;
+        let startupAbortListener;
+        try {
+            await new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+                session.startupResolve = resolve;
+                session.startupReject = reject;
+                startupAbortListener = () => reject(new AnalysisCancelledError("start_gdb_session"));
+                signal?.addEventListener("abort", startupAbortListener, {
+                    once: true,
+                });
+                if (signal?.aborted)
+                    startupAbortListener();
+                startupTimer = setTimeout(() => reject(new AnalysisTimeoutError("start_gdb_session", this.#startupTimeoutMs, {
+                    cause: new Error("GDB did not emit the MI prompt before the startup deadline"),
+                })), this.#startupTimeoutMs);
+                startupTimer.unref();
+            });
+            session.ready = true;
+            if (signal?.aborted)
+                throw new AnalysisCancelledError("start_gdb_session");
+            const autoLoad = await this.#request(session, "-gdb-set auto-load off", signal, "start_gdb_session");
+            if (!/^\d+\^done(?:,|$)/u.test(autoLoad.mi)) {
+                throw new AnalysisCapabilityUnavailableError("gdb", "start_gdb_session", `GDB rejected the required automatic-loading disable command (${autoLoad.mi}); the session was not started.`);
+            }
+            if (inferiorTty !== undefined) {
+                const configured = await this.#request(session, `-inferior-tty-set ${miQuote(inferiorTty)}`, signal, "start_gdb_session");
+                if (configured.completion_status !== "complete" ||
+                    configured.output_truncated ||
+                    !/^\d+\^done(?:,|$)/u.test(configured.mi))
+                    throw new AnalysisCapabilityUnavailableError("gdb", "start_gdb_session", "GDB did not confirm the inferior TTY configuration.");
+                const observed = await this.#request(session, "-inferior-tty-show", signal, "start_gdb_session");
+                const reportedTty = observed.completion_status === "complete" &&
+                    !observed.output_truncated
+                    ? miStringField(observed.mi, "inferior_tty_terminal")
+                    : undefined;
+                if (!/^\d+\^done(?:,|$)/u.test(observed.mi) ||
+                    reportedTty !== inferiorTty)
+                    throw new AnalysisCapabilityUnavailableError("gdb", "start_gdb_session", "GDB did not report the exact caller-selected inferior TTY after configuration.");
+                session.inferiorTtyVerified = true;
+            }
+            if (signal?.aborted)
+                throw new AnalysisCancelledError("start_gdb_session");
+            // Give queued exit notifications a turn before publishing startup.
+            await new Promise((resolve) => setImmediate(resolve));
+            if (signal?.aborted)
+                throw new AnalysisCancelledError("start_gdb_session");
+            if (session.exited || session.protocolError !== undefined)
+                throw new Error(session.protocolError ?? "GDB exited during startup readiness.");
+            // Before this point no target command can run. Once a usable session is
+            // published, the inferior state is no longer inferred from startup phase.
+            session.noInferiorVerified = false;
+            this.#sessions.set(id, session);
+            releaseReservation();
+            return ok({ session_id: id, mi_version: miVersion });
+        }
+        catch (cause) {
+            const startupExited = cause instanceof GdbCommandProcessExitError || session.exited;
+            const processExit = cause instanceof GdbCommandProcessExitError
+                ? cause.partial
+                : startupExited
+                    ? {
+                        command: "GDB startup",
+                        mi: "",
+                        records: [...session.lines],
+                        console: session.lines
+                            .filter((line) => line.startsWith("~"))
+                            .join("\n"),
+                        target: session.lines
+                            .filter((line) => line.startsWith("@"))
+                            .join("\n"),
+                        log: session.lines
+                            .filter((line) => line.startsWith("&"))
+                            .join("\n"),
+                        process_exit_observed: true,
+                        process_exit_code: session.exitCode,
+                        process_exit_signal: session.exitSignal,
+                        output_truncated: session.recentRecordsTruncated,
+                        completion_status: "unknown",
+                    }
+                    : undefined;
+            const startupEvidenceResult = processExit ??
+                (session.lines.length > 0
+                    ? {
+                        command: "GDB startup",
+                        mi: "",
+                        records: [...session.lines],
+                        console: session.lines
+                            .filter((line) => line.startsWith("~"))
+                            .join("\n"),
+                        target: session.lines
+                            .filter((line) => line.startsWith("@"))
+                            .join("\n"),
+                        log: session.lines
+                            .filter((line) => line.startsWith("&"))
+                            .join("\n"),
+                        output_truncated: session.recentRecordsTruncated,
+                        completion_status: "unknown",
+                    }
+                    : undefined);
+            const startupEvidencePayload = startupEvidenceResult === undefined
+                ? undefined
+                : {
+                    ...startupEvidenceResult,
+                    ...(session.invalidUtf8Observed
+                        ? { output_invalid_utf8: true }
+                        : {}),
+                };
+            const startupEvidence = startupEvidencePayload === undefined
+                ? undefined
+                : createEvidence(undefined, GDB_PROVIDER_IDENTITY, {
+                    predicateType: "rea.debugger.startup-observation",
+                    operation: "start_gdb_session",
+                    parameters: {
+                        mi_version: miVersion,
+                        command: startupEvidencePayload.command,
+                    },
+                    result: {
+                        ...startupEvidencePayload,
+                        records: [...startupEvidencePayload.records],
+                    },
+                    rawResult: {
+                        ...startupEvidencePayload,
+                        records: [...startupEvidencePayload.records],
+                    },
+                    subjectUnavailableReason: "No usable debugger session became ready during GDB startup.",
+                    limitations: [
+                        "GDB startup failed before a usable session could be established; captured startup records are incomplete.",
+                        ...(session.invalidUtf8Observed
+                            ? [
+                                "GDB startup output contained invalid UTF-8 bytes; decoded records contain replacement characters.",
+                            ]
+                            : []),
+                    ],
+                });
+            const processOutput = session.supervisor.snapshot();
+            const capturedOutput = {
+                stdout: processOutput.stdout.text,
+                stderr: processOutput.stderr.text,
+                truncated: processOutput.diagnosticTruncated === true ||
+                    processOutput.stdout.observedBytes > processOutput.stdout.bytes ||
+                    processOutput.stderr.observedBytes > processOutput.stderr.bytes,
+                stdout_bytes: processOutput.stdout.observedBytes,
+                stderr_bytes: processOutput.stderr.observedBytes,
+                exit_code: processOutput.exitCode ?? null,
+                signal: processOutput.signal ?? null,
+            };
+            const stopped = await this.#stopDebuggerOnly(session);
+            if (stopped.status === "incomplete") {
+                this.#sessions.set(id, session);
+                releaseReservation();
+                const cleanup = { reason: stopped.reason, resources: [session.id] };
+                const details = {
+                    cause,
+                    capturedOutput,
+                    cleanup,
+                    ...(startupEvidence === undefined
+                        ? {}
+                        : { partialObservation: startupEvidence }),
+                };
+                if (cause instanceof AnalysisTimeoutError)
+                    return err(new AnalysisTimeoutError(cause.operation, cause.timeoutMs, details));
+                if (cause instanceof AnalysisCancelledError)
+                    return err(new AnalysisCancelledError(cause.operation, details));
+                const startupFailureMessage = gdbErrorMessage(cause);
+                return err(new AnalysisCapabilityUnavailableError("gdb", "start_gdb_session", `GDB startup failed (${startupFailureMessage}) and its owned process could not be confirmed stopped: ${stopped.reason}`, details));
+            }
+            const errorDetails = {
+                cause,
+                capturedOutput,
+                ...(startupEvidence === undefined
+                    ? {}
+                    : { partialObservation: startupEvidence }),
+            };
+            const error = signal?.aborted || cause instanceof AnalysisCancelledError
+                ? new AnalysisCancelledError("start_gdb_session", errorDetails)
+                : cause instanceof AnalysisTimeoutError
+                    ? new AnalysisTimeoutError(cause instanceof GdbCommandTimeoutError
+                        ? "start_gdb_session"
+                        : cause.operation, cause.timeoutMs, errorDetails)
+                    : cause instanceof AnalysisCapabilityUnavailableError
+                        ? new AnalysisCapabilityUnavailableError("gdb", "start_gdb_session", cause.message, errorDetails)
+                        : session.protocolError !== undefined
+                            ? new AnalysisCapabilityUnavailableError("gdb", "start_gdb_session", session.protocolError, errorDetails)
+                            : new AnalysisCapabilityUnavailableError("gdb", "start_gdb_session", `GDB startup failed (${gdbErrorMessage(cause)}).`, errorDetails);
+            return err(error);
+        }
+        finally {
+            clearTimeout(startupTimer);
+            signal?.removeEventListener("abort", startupAbortListener);
+        }
+    }
+    async execute(sessionId, command, signal) {
+        const session = this.#sessions.get(sessionId);
+        if (this.#closing ||
+            session === undefined ||
+            !session.ready ||
+            session.exited ||
+            session.protocolError !== undefined)
+            return err(new AnalysisInputError("gdb_console", undefined, [
+                {
+                    path: ["session_id"],
+                    reason: "invalid_value",
+                    message: "GDB session is unavailable or closed.",
+                },
+            ]));
+        if (signal?.aborted)
+            return err(new AnalysisCancelledError("gdb_console"));
+        try {
+            const completed = await this.#serialize(session, async () => {
+                if (session.exited || session.protocolError !== undefined)
+                    return err(new AnalysisInputError("gdb_console"));
+                session.noInferiorVerified = false;
+                session.knownInferiorIdentities.clear();
+                if (commandMayChangeInferiorOutput(command))
+                    session.inferiorTtyVerified = false;
+                try {
+                    const result = await this.#request(session, `-interpreter-exec console ${miQuote(command)}`, signal, "gdb_console", command);
+                    const evidence = createEvidence(undefined, { id: "gnu.gdb", name: "GNU GDB", version: null }, {
+                        predicateType: "rea.debugger.console-observation",
+                        operation: "gdb_console",
+                        parameters: { session_id: sessionId, command },
+                        result: {
+                            command,
+                            mi: result.mi,
+                            records: [...result.records],
+                            console: result.console,
+                            target: result.target,
+                            log: result.log,
+                            output_truncated: result.output_truncated,
+                            ...(result.output_invalid_utf8
+                                ? { output_invalid_utf8: true }
+                                : {}),
+                            completion_status: result.completion_status,
+                        },
+                        rawResult: {
+                            command,
+                            mi: result.mi,
+                            records: [...result.records],
+                            console: result.console,
+                            target: result.target,
+                            log: result.log,
+                            output_truncated: result.output_truncated,
+                            ...(result.output_invalid_utf8
+                                ? { output_invalid_utf8: true }
+                                : {}),
+                            completion_status: result.completion_status,
+                        },
+                        subjectUnavailableReason: "The active GDB inferior identity is not established by the debugger session identifier.",
+                        limitations: [
+                            "MI records are returned as decoded text; their semantics depend on GDB version and target.",
+                            ...(result.output_invalid_utf8
+                                ? [
+                                    "MI stream bytes were not valid UTF-8; returned text contains replacement characters.",
+                                ]
+                                : []),
+                            "The unrestricted GDB console can access local shell, filesystem, network, and target controls.",
+                        ],
+                    });
+                    return ok({ result, evidence });
+                }
+                catch (cause) {
+                    if (cause instanceof AnalysisCancelledError)
+                        return err(cause);
+                    if (cause instanceof AnalysisCapabilityUnavailableError)
+                        return err(cause);
+                    if (cause instanceof GdbCommandTimeoutError) {
+                        const result = cause.partial;
+                        return ok({ result, evidence: cause.evidence });
+                    }
+                    if (session.protocolError !== undefined)
+                        return err(await this.#stopAfterProtocolFailure(session, cause));
+                    if (cause instanceof GdbCommandProcessExitError) {
+                        const processExit = cause;
+                        const result = {
+                            ...processExit.partial,
+                            command,
+                        };
+                        const evidence = createEvidence(undefined, { id: "gnu.gdb", name: "GNU GDB", version: null }, {
+                            predicateType: "rea.debugger.console-observation",
+                            operation: "gdb_console",
+                            parameters: { session_id: sessionId, command },
+                            result: { ...result, records: [...result.records] },
+                            rawResult: { ...result, records: [...result.records] },
+                            subjectUnavailableReason: "The active GDB inferior identity is not established by the debugger session identifier.",
+                            limitations: [
+                                "GDB exited before returning a correlated MI result record; only records retained for the active command are returned raw.",
+                                ...(result.output_truncated
+                                    ? [
+                                        "Retained MI records are a truncated prefix; output completeness is unknown.",
+                                    ]
+                                    : []),
+                            ],
+                        });
+                        const stopped = await this.#stopDebuggerOnly(session);
+                        if (stopped.status === "incomplete")
+                            return err(this.#retainCleanupFailure(session, "gdb_console", stopped.reason, { cause, partialObservation: evidence }));
+                        return ok({ result, evidence });
+                    }
+                    return err(new AnalysisTimeoutError("gdb_console", this.#commandTimeoutMs, {
+                        cause,
+                    }));
+                }
+            }, signal, "gdb_console");
+            if (!completed.ok && completed.error.cleanupIncomplete)
+                session.cleanupFailures.add(completed.error);
+            return completed;
+        }
+        catch (cause) {
+            const error = cause instanceof AnalysisError
+                ? cause
+                : new AnalysisCancelledError("gdb_console", { cause });
+            if (error.cleanupIncomplete)
+                session.cleanupFailures.add(error);
+            return err(error);
+        }
+    }
+    status(sessionId) {
+        const session = this.#sessions.get(sessionId);
+        if (session === undefined)
+            return undefined;
+        const diagnostics = session.supervisor.snapshot();
+        return {
+            session_id: session.id,
+            mi_version: session.miVersion,
+            state: session.exited || session.protocolError !== undefined || !session.ready
+                ? "closed"
+                : "ready",
+            recent_mi_records: [...session.lines],
+            recent_mi_records_truncated: session.recentRecordsTruncated,
+            mi_invalid_utf8: session.invalidUtf8Observed,
+            stderr: diagnostics.stderr.text,
+            stderr_observed_bytes: diagnostics.stderr.observedBytes,
+            stderr_truncated: diagnostics.stderr.observedBytes > diagnostics.stderr.bytes,
+            stderr_invalid_utf8: diagnostics.stderr.invalidUtf8 === true,
+            diagnostics_truncated: diagnostics.diagnosticTruncated === true,
+            inferior_tty: session.inferiorTty ?? null,
+            inferior_tty_verified: session.inferiorTtyVerified,
+        };
+    }
+    async close(sessionId) {
+        if (this.#closing)
+            return err(new AnalysisCancelledError("close_gdb_session"));
+        const session = this.#sessions.get(sessionId);
+        if (session === undefined)
+            return err(new AnalysisInputError("close_gdb_session"));
+        if (session.exited) {
+            const stopped = await this.#stopDebuggerOnly(session);
+            if (stopped.status === "incomplete")
+                return err(this.#retainCleanupFailure(session, "close_gdb_session", stopped.reason));
+            this.#sessions.delete(sessionId);
+            return ok({ target_state: "unknown" });
+        }
+        try {
+            return await this.#serialize(session, async () => {
+                if (session.exited) {
+                    const stopped = await this.#stopDebuggerOnly(session);
+                    if (stopped.status === "incomplete")
+                        return err(this.#retainCleanupFailure(session, "close_gdb_session", stopped.reason));
+                    this.#sessions.delete(sessionId);
+                    return ok({ target_state: "unknown" });
+                }
+                let targetState = "unknown";
+                try {
+                    const groups = await this.#request(session, "-list-thread-groups --recurse 1");
+                    if (groups.completion_status !== "complete" ||
+                        groups.output_truncated ||
+                        !/^\d+\^done(?:,|$)/u.test(groups.mi))
+                        throw new Error("GDB could not confirm its complete, untruncated inferior list before shutdown.");
+                    const groupCount = gdbThreadGroupCount(groups.mi);
+                    if (groupCount === undefined)
+                        throw new Error("GDB returned an unknown inferior list before shutdown.");
+                    if (groupCount > 0 && !session.inferiorTtyVerified)
+                        return err(new AnalysisCapabilityUnavailableError(GDB_PROVIDER_IDENTITY.id, "close_gdb_session", "Live GDB inferiors require an explicit disposition because no durable inferior TTY is verified.", {
+                            retryable: true,
+                            userMessage: "Close requires an explicit inferior disposition.",
+                            remediationAction: "Use gdb_console with this session_id to explicitly detach or terminate each remaining inferior, then retry close_gdb_session.",
+                        }));
+                    if (groupCount === 0) {
+                        session.noInferiorVerified = true;
+                        targetState = "none_observed";
+                        await this.#request(session, "-gdb-exit");
+                    }
+                    else {
+                        session.noInferiorVerified = false;
+                        const disposition = await this.#detachInferior(session);
+                        targetState =
+                            disposition.status === "no-inferior"
+                                ? "none_observed"
+                                : "unknown";
+                    }
+                }
+                catch {
+                    // If MI synchronization is lost, stop only the owned debugger process.
+                }
+                const stopped = await this.#stopDebuggerOnly(session);
+                if (stopped.status === "incomplete")
+                    return err(this.#retainCleanupFailure(session, "close_gdb_session", stopped.reason));
+                this.#sessions.delete(sessionId);
+                return ok({ target_state: targetState });
+            }, undefined, "close_gdb_session");
+        }
+        catch (cause) {
+            if (cause instanceof AnalysisError)
+                return err(cause);
+            throw cause;
+        }
+    }
+    async retryCleanupFailures() {
+        for (const session of this.#sessions.values()) {
+            if (session.cleanupFailures.size === 0)
+                continue;
+            const stopped = await this.#stopDebuggerOnly(session);
+            if (stopped.status === "incomplete")
+                return err([...session.cleanupFailures].at(-1) ??
+                    this.#retainCleanupFailure(session, "close_gdb_session", stopped.reason));
+            this.#sessions.delete(session.id);
+        }
+        return ok(null);
+    }
+    async closeAll() {
+        this.#closing = true;
+        this.#closePromise ??= this.#drainStartsAndCloseSessions().catch((cause) => {
+            this.#closePromise = undefined;
+            throw cause;
+        });
+        return this.#closePromise;
+    }
+    async #drainStartsAndCloseSessions() {
+        const active = [...this.#activeStarts.entries()];
+        for (const [controller] of active)
+            controller.abort();
+        await Promise.allSettled(active.map(([, start]) => start));
+        await Promise.all([...this.#sessions.values()].map((session) => session.commandTail));
+        await closeOwnedDebuggerSessions(this.#sessions, (session) => this.#stopDebuggerOnly(session), "GDB");
+    }
+    async #serialize(session, operation, signal, operationName = "gdb_console") {
+        if (session.pendingCommandCount >= MAX_PENDING_GDB_COMMANDS)
+            throw new AnalysisResourceConstraintError(operationName, "transport", "GDB command queue capacity reached.", {
+                max_pending_commands: MAX_PENDING_GDB_COMMANDS,
+                active_or_queued_commands: session.pendingCommandCount,
+            });
+        session.pendingCommandCount += 1;
+        const previous = session.commandTail;
+        let release;
+        let acquired = false;
+        session.commandTail = new Promise((resolve) => {
+            release = resolve;
+        });
+        try {
+            await waitForGdbCommandTurn(previous, signal);
+            acquired = true;
+            return await operation();
+        }
+        finally {
+            if (acquired) {
+                session.pendingCommandCount -= 1;
+                release?.();
+            }
+            else {
+                // The cancelled placeholder still occupies commandTail until its turn.
+                // Keep its reservation until then so repeated cancellations cannot
+                // bypass the per-session queue bound while an earlier command stalls.
+                void previous.then(() => {
+                    session.pendingCommandCount -= 1;
+                    release?.();
+                });
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    #receive(session, data) {
+        if (session.startupResolve !== undefined) {
+            const prompt = session.promptTail + data.toString("utf8");
+            if (prompt.includes("(gdb)")) {
+                const resolve = session.startupResolve;
+                session.startupResolve = undefined;
+                resolve();
+            }
+            session.promptTail = prompt.slice(-4);
+        }
+        const lines = [];
+        let offset = 0;
+        while (offset < data.byteLength) {
+            const newline = data.indexOf(0x0a, offset);
+            const piece = data.subarray(offset, newline < 0 ? data.byteLength : newline);
+            session.bufferBytes += piece.byteLength;
+            const lineBytes = session.bufferBytes - (newline >= 0 && piece.at(-1) === 0x0d ? 1 : 0);
+            if (lineBytes > MAX_MI_LINE_BYTES) {
+                this.#failProtocol(session, "GDB emitted an MI line exceeding the 16 MiB protocol limit.");
+                return;
+            }
+            this.#appendLineBytes(session, piece);
+            if (newline < 0)
+                break;
+            const record = Buffer.concat([
+                ...session.bufferChunks,
+                ...(session.bufferTail === undefined
+                    ? []
+                    : [session.bufferTail.subarray(0, session.bufferTailBytes)]),
+            ], session.bufferBytes);
+            const withoutCarriageReturn = record.at(-1) === 0x0d ? record.subarray(0, -1) : record;
+            const invalidUtf8 = !isUtf8(withoutCarriageReturn);
+            const line = withoutCarriageReturn.toString("utf8");
+            session.bufferChunks.length = 0;
+            session.bufferTail = undefined;
+            session.bufferTailBytes = 0;
+            session.bufferBytes = 0;
+            if (invalidUtf8)
+                session.invalidUtf8Observed = true;
+            if (line.length > 0)
+                lines.push({ value: line, invalidUtf8 });
+            offset = newline + 1;
+        }
+        for (const { value: line } of lines) {
+            if (Buffer.byteLength(line, "utf8") > MAX_RECENT_MI_LINE_BYTES) {
+                session.lines.push(truncateUtf8RecordPrefix(line));
+                session.recentRecordsTruncated = true;
+            }
+            else
+                session.lines.push(line);
+        }
+        if (session.lines.length > 256) {
+            session.lines.splice(0, session.lines.length - 256);
+            session.recentRecordsTruncated = true;
+        }
+        for (const { value: line, invalidUtf8 } of lines) {
+            for (const pending of session.pending.values()) {
+                const lineBytes = Buffer.byteLength(line, "utf8") + 1;
+                if (pending.outputBytes + lineBytes <= session.maxCommandOutputBytes &&
+                    pending.outputBytes + lineBytes <= MAX_COMMAND_OUTPUT_BYTES &&
+                    pending.lines.length < MAX_COMMAND_OUTPUT_RECORDS) {
+                    pending.lines.push(line);
+                    pending.outputBytes += lineBytes;
+                    pending.outputInvalidUtf8 ||= invalidUtf8;
+                }
+                else
+                    pending.outputTruncated = true;
+            }
+            if (line.startsWith("*stopped")) {
+                for (const [token, pending] of session.pending) {
+                    if (!pending.awaitingInferiorStop)
+                        continue;
+                    clearTimeout(pending.timer);
+                    session.pending.delete(token);
+                    pending.cleanup();
+                    const records = [...pending.lines];
+                    pending.resolve({
+                        command: "",
+                        mi: pending.terminalRecord ?? "",
+                        records,
+                        console: records
+                            .filter((record) => record.startsWith("~"))
+                            .join("\n"),
+                        target: records
+                            .filter((record) => record.startsWith("@"))
+                            .join("\n"),
+                        log: records.filter((record) => record.startsWith("&")).join("\n"),
+                        output_truncated: pending.outputTruncated,
+                        ...(pending.outputInvalidUtf8
+                            ? { output_invalid_utf8: true }
+                            : {}),
+                        completion_status: "complete",
+                    });
+                }
+                continue;
+            }
+            const match = /^(\d+)\^(done|running|connected|error|exit)(?:,|$)/u.exec(line);
+            if (match === null)
+                continue;
+            const token = Number(match[1]);
+            const pending = session.pending.get(token);
+            if (pending === undefined)
+                continue;
+            if (match[2] === "running") {
+                pending.terminalRecord = line;
+                pending.awaitingInferiorStop = true;
+                continue;
+            }
+            clearTimeout(pending.timer);
+            session.pending.delete(token);
+            pending.cleanup();
+            const records = [...pending.lines];
+            pending.resolve({
+                command: "",
+                mi: line,
+                records,
+                console: records.filter((record) => record.startsWith("~")).join("\n"),
+                target: records.filter((record) => record.startsWith("@")).join("\n"),
+                log: records.filter((record) => record.startsWith("&")).join("\n"),
+                output_truncated: pending.outputTruncated,
+                ...(pending.outputInvalidUtf8
+                    ? { output_invalid_utf8: true }
+                    : {}),
+                completion_status: "complete",
+            });
+        }
+    }
+    #appendLineBytes(session, piece) {
+        const slabBytes = 64 * 1024;
+        let offset = 0;
+        while (offset < piece.length) {
+            session.bufferTail ??= Buffer.allocUnsafe(slabBytes);
+            const remaining = slabBytes - session.bufferTailBytes;
+            const copied = Math.min(remaining, piece.length - offset);
+            piece.copy(session.bufferTail, session.bufferTailBytes, offset, offset + copied);
+            session.bufferTailBytes += copied;
+            offset += copied;
+            if (session.bufferTailBytes === slabBytes) {
+                session.bufferChunks.push(session.bufferTail);
+                session.bufferTail = undefined;
+                session.bufferTailBytes = 0;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    #failProtocol(session, message) {
+        if (session.exited || session.protocolError !== undefined)
+            return;
+        session.protocolError = message;
+        for (const pending of session.pending.values()) {
+            clearTimeout(pending.timer);
+            pending.cleanup();
+            const records = [...pending.lines];
+            pending.reject(new GdbProtocolFailureError(message, {
+                command: pending.command,
+                mi: "",
+                records,
+                console: records.filter((line) => line.startsWith("~")).join("\n"),
+                target: records.filter((line) => line.startsWith("@")).join("\n"),
+                log: records.filter((line) => line.startsWith("&")).join("\n"),
+                output_truncated: pending.outputTruncated,
+                ...(pending.outputInvalidUtf8
+                    ? { output_invalid_utf8: true }
+                    : {}),
+                completion_status: "unknown",
+            }));
+        }
+        session.pending.clear();
+        session.startupReject?.(new Error(message));
+    }
+    async #stopAfterProtocolFailure(session, cause) {
+        const stopped = await this.#stopDebuggerOnly(session);
+        const partial = cause instanceof GdbProtocolFailureError ? cause.partial : undefined;
+        const partialObservation = partial === undefined
+            ? undefined
+            : createEvidence(undefined, GDB_PROVIDER_IDENTITY, {
+                predicateType: "rea.debugger.console-observation",
+                operation: "gdb_console",
+                parameters: {
+                    session_id: session.id,
+                    command: partial.command,
+                },
+                result: { ...partial, records: [...partial.records] },
+                rawResult: { ...partial, records: [...partial.records] },
+                subjectUnavailableReason: "The active GDB inferior identity is not established by the debugger session identifier.",
+                limitations: [
+                    "The GDB MI protocol failed; retained records are partial and command completion is unknown.",
+                    "The unrestricted GDB console can access local shell, filesystem, network, and target controls.",
+                ],
+            });
+        return new AnalysisCapabilityUnavailableError("gdb", "gdb_console", stopped.status === "incomplete"
+            ? `${session.protocolError} The owned process could not be confirmed stopped: ${stopped.reason}`
+            : session.protocolError, {
+            cause,
+            ...(stopped.status === "incomplete"
+                ? {
+                    cleanup: {
+                        reason: stopped.reason,
+                        resources: [session.id],
+                    },
+                }
+                : {}),
+            ...(partialObservation === undefined ? {} : { partialObservation }),
+        });
+    }
+    #stopDebuggerOnly(session) {
+        if (session.stopAttempt !== undefined)
+            return session.stopAttempt;
+        const attempt = this.#stopProcess(session, "GDB")
+            .then((stopped) => {
+            if (stopped.status !== "incomplete") {
+                for (const failure of session.cleanupFailures)
+                    failure.resolveCleanup();
+                session.cleanupFailures.clear();
+            }
+            return stopped;
+        })
+            .finally(() => {
+            if (session.stopAttempt === attempt)
+                session.stopAttempt = undefined;
+        });
+        session.stopAttempt = attempt;
+        return attempt;
+    }
+    #retainCleanupFailure(session, operation, reason, options = {}) {
+        const failure = new AnalysisCapabilityUnavailableError("gdb", operation, `The owned GDB process could not be confirmed stopped: ${reason}`, { ...options, cleanup: { reason, resources: [session.id] } });
+        session.cleanupFailures.add(failure);
+        return failure;
+    }
+    async #detachInferior(session) {
+        if (session.noInferiorVerified)
+            return { status: "no-inferior" };
+        if (session.exited)
+            throw new Error("GDB exited before inferior state could be verified.");
+        // A new MI inspection replaces the old snapshot. If this read is
+        // incomplete, malformed, or reports multiple inferiors, no earlier PID
+        // can stand in for the current unknown inventory.
+        session.knownInferiorIdentities.clear();
+        if (session.protocolError !== undefined ||
+            session.pending.size > 0 ||
+            session.pendingCommandCount > 1)
+            throw new Error("GDB MI state is not synchronized; inferior state is unknown.");
+        const groups = await this.#request(session, "-list-thread-groups --recurse 1");
+        if (groups.completion_status !== "complete" ||
+            groups.output_truncated ||
+            !/^\d+\^done(?:,|$)/u.test(groups.mi))
+            throw new Error("GDB could not confirm its inferior state.");
+        const inferiorPids = gdbThreadGroupPids(groups.mi);
+        if (inferiorPids?.length === 0) {
+            session.knownInferiorIdentities.clear();
+            session.noInferiorVerified = true;
+            return { status: "no-inferior" };
+        }
+        session.noInferiorVerified = false;
+        if (inferiorPids?.length !== 1)
+            throw new Error(inferiorPids === undefined
+                ? "GDB returned an unknown recursive inferior list."
+                : "GDB reports multiple inferiors; automatic detach cannot be confirmed safely.");
+        if (!session.inferiorTtyVerified)
+            throw new Error("GDB cannot detach the live inferior because no durable output sink was verified at session startup.");
+        const observedTty = await this.#request(session, "-inferior-tty-show");
+        if (observedTty.completion_status !== "complete" ||
+            observedTty.output_truncated ||
+            !/^\d+\^done(?:,|$)/u.test(observedTty.mi) ||
+            miStringField(observedTty.mi, "inferior_tty_terminal") !==
+                session.inferiorTty)
+            throw new Error("GDB no longer reports the caller-selected inferior TTY; detachment cannot be confirmed safely.");
+        await this.#verifyInferiorOutputSink(inferiorPids[0], session.inferiorTty, (identity) => session.knownInferiorIdentities.set(`${identity.pid}:${identity.startTime}`, identity));
+        const detached = await this.#request(session, "-target-detach");
+        if (detached.completion_status !== "complete" ||
+            detached.output_truncated ||
+            !/^\d+\^done(?:,|$)/u.test(detached.mi))
+            throw new Error("GDB did not confirm inferior detachment.");
+        session.knownInferiorIdentities.clear();
+        return { status: "detached", outputSink: "durable" };
+    }
+    async #settleExitedCommands(session, code, signalCode) {
+        await this.#waitForStdoutSettlement(session);
+        for (const pending of session.pending.values()) {
+            clearTimeout(pending.timer);
+            pending.reject(new GdbCommandProcessExitError({
+                command: pending.command,
+                mi: "",
+                records: [...pending.lines],
+                console: pending.lines
+                    .filter((line) => line.startsWith("~"))
+                    .join("\n"),
+                target: pending.lines
+                    .filter((line) => line.startsWith("@"))
+                    .join("\n"),
+                log: pending.lines.filter((line) => line.startsWith("&")).join("\n"),
+                process_exit_observed: true,
+                process_exit_code: code,
+                process_exit_signal: signalCode,
+                output_truncated: pending.outputTruncated,
+                ...(pending.outputInvalidUtf8
+                    ? { output_invalid_utf8: true }
+                    : {}),
+                completion_status: "unknown",
+            }));
+        }
+        session.pending.clear();
+    }
+    async #waitForStdoutSettlement(session) {
+        let timer;
+        try {
+            await Promise.race([
+                session.stdoutSettled,
+                new Promise((resolve) => {
+                    timer = setTimeout(resolve, 1_000);
+                    timer.unref?.();
+                }),
+            ]);
+        }
+        finally {
+            clearTimeout(timer);
+        }
+    }
+    #request(session, command, signal, operation = "gdb_console", evidenceCommand = command) {
+        const stdin = session.launched.process.stdin;
+        if (session.exited)
+            return Promise.reject(new Error(`GDB MI process has exited (exit code ${String(session.exitCode)}, signal ${String(session.exitSignal)}).`));
+        if (stdin === null ||
+            stdin === undefined ||
+            stdin.destroyed ||
+            !stdin.writable) {
+            const message = "GDB MI input stream is closed";
+            this.#failProtocol(session, message);
+            return Promise.reject(new Error(message));
+        }
+        const token = session.nextToken++;
+        return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+            let abortListener;
+            const cleanup = () => {
+                signal?.removeEventListener("abort", abortListener);
+            };
+            let pending;
+            const timer = setTimeout(() => {
+                session.pending.delete(token);
+                session.protocolError =
+                    "A GDB MI command timed out; untagged stream output can no longer be safely correlated with later commands.";
+                pending.cleanup();
+                const partial = {
+                    command: pending.evidenceCommand,
+                    mi: "",
+                    records: [...pending.lines],
+                    console: pending.lines
+                        .filter((line) => line.startsWith("~"))
+                        .join("\n"),
+                    target: pending.lines
+                        .filter((line) => line.startsWith("@"))
+                        .join("\n"),
+                    log: pending.lines.filter((line) => line.startsWith("&")).join("\n"),
+                    output_truncated: pending.outputTruncated,
+                    ...(pending.outputInvalidUtf8
+                        ? { output_invalid_utf8: true }
+                        : {}),
+                    completion_status: "unknown",
+                };
+                const timeout = new AnalysisTimeoutError(operation, this.#commandTimeoutMs, { cause: new Error(`GDB MI command timed out: ${command}`) });
+                const evidence = createEvidence(undefined, GDB_PROVIDER_IDENTITY, {
+                    predicateType: operation === "start_gdb_session"
+                        ? "rea.debugger.startup-observation"
+                        : "rea.debugger.console-observation",
+                    operation,
+                    parameters: {
+                        session_id: session.id,
+                        command: pending.evidenceCommand,
+                    },
+                    result: { ...partial, records: [...partial.records] },
+                    rawResult: { ...partial, records: [...partial.records] },
+                    subjectUnavailableReason: "The active GDB inferior identity is not established by the debugger session identifier.",
+                    limitations: [
+                        "The GDB command exceeded its deadline; retained MI and stream records are partial and command completion is unknown.",
+                        "Cleanup of the owned GDB process was requested because output correlation could no longer be guaranteed.",
+                        "The unrestricted GDB console can access local shell, filesystem, network, and target controls.",
+                    ],
+                });
+                void this.#stopDebuggerOnly(session).then((stopped) => {
+                    if (stopped.status === "incomplete" &&
+                        operation === "start_gdb_session") {
+                        pending.reject(new AnalysisTimeoutError(operation, this.#commandTimeoutMs, {
+                            cause: timeout,
+                            cleanup: { reason: stopped.reason, resources: [session.id] },
+                            partialObservation: evidence,
+                        }));
+                        return;
+                    }
+                    pending.reject(stopped.status === "incomplete"
+                        ? new AnalysisCapabilityUnavailableError("gdb", "gdb_console", `GDB command output could not be correlated and its owned process could not be confirmed stopped: ${stopped.reason}`, {
+                            cause: timeout,
+                            cleanup: {
+                                reason: stopped.reason,
+                                resources: [session.id],
+                            },
+                            partialObservation: evidence,
+                        })
+                        : new GdbCommandTimeoutError(partial, evidence, this.#commandTimeoutMs));
+                }, (cause) => pending.reject(new AnalysisCapabilityUnavailableError("gdb", "gdb_console", "GDB command output could not be correlated and owned process shutdown failed.", {
+                    cause: new AggregateError([timeout, cause], "GDB timeout and cleanup both failed."),
+                    cleanup: {
+                        reason: gdbErrorMessage(cause),
+                        resources: [session.id],
+                    },
+                    partialObservation: evidence,
+                })));
+            }, this.#commandTimeoutMs);
+            pending = {
+                token,
+                command,
+                evidenceCommand,
+                lines: [],
+                resolve: (result) => {
+                    cleanup();
+                    resolve(result);
+                },
+                reject: (error) => {
+                    cleanup();
+                    reject(error);
+                },
+                cleanup,
+                timer,
+                outputBytes: 0,
+                outputTruncated: false,
+                outputInvalidUtf8: false,
+                terminalRecord: undefined,
+                awaitingInferiorStop: false,
+            };
+            session.pending.set(token, pending);
+            abortListener = () => {
+                clearTimeout(pending.timer);
+                const partial = {
+                    command: pending.evidenceCommand,
+                    mi: "",
+                    records: [...pending.lines],
+                    console: pending.lines
+                        .filter((line) => line.startsWith("~"))
+                        .join("\n"),
+                    target: pending.lines
+                        .filter((line) => line.startsWith("@"))
+                        .join("\n"),
+                    log: pending.lines.filter((line) => line.startsWith("&")).join("\n"),
+                    output_truncated: pending.outputTruncated,
+                    ...(pending.outputInvalidUtf8
+                        ? { output_invalid_utf8: true }
+                        : {}),
+                    completion_status: "unknown",
+                };
+                const evidence = createEvidence(undefined, GDB_PROVIDER_IDENTITY, {
+                    predicateType: "rea.debugger.console-observation",
+                    operation: "gdb_console",
+                    parameters: {
+                        session_id: session.id,
+                        command: pending.evidenceCommand,
+                    },
+                    result: { ...partial, records: [...partial.records] },
+                    rawResult: { ...partial, records: [...partial.records] },
+                    subjectUnavailableReason: "The active GDB inferior identity is not established by the debugger session identifier.",
+                    limitations: [
+                        "The GDB command was cancelled; retained MI records are partial and command completion is unknown.",
+                        "Shutdown of the owned GDB process was requested because output correlation could no longer be guaranteed.",
+                        "The unrestricted GDB console can access local shell, filesystem, network, and target controls.",
+                    ],
+                });
+                session.pending.delete(token);
+                session.protocolError =
+                    "A GDB MI command was cancelled; owned-session shutdown was requested because output correlation can no longer be guaranteed.";
+                void this.#stopDebuggerOnly(session).then((stopped) => {
+                    pending.reject(stopped.status === "incomplete"
+                        ? new AnalysisCancelledError("gdb_console", {
+                            cause: new Error(stopped.reason),
+                            cleanup: {
+                                reason: stopped.reason,
+                                resources: [session.id],
+                            },
+                            partialObservation: evidence,
+                        })
+                        : new AnalysisCancelledError("gdb_console", {
+                            partialObservation: evidence,
+                        }));
+                }, (cause) => pending.reject(new AnalysisCancelledError("gdb_console", {
+                    cause,
+                    partialObservation: evidence,
+                })));
+            };
+            signal?.addEventListener("abort", abortListener, { once: true });
+            if (signal?.aborted) {
+                abortListener();
+                return;
+            }
+            try {
+                session.launched.process.stdin?.write(`${token}${command}\n`, "utf8", (cause) => {
+                    if (cause)
+                        this.#failProtocol(session, `GDB stdin write failed: ${cause.message}`);
+                });
+            }
+            catch (cause) {
+                this.#failProtocol(session, `GDB stdin write failed: ${cause instanceof Error ? cause.message : "unknown error"}`);
+            }
+        }).then((result) => ({ ...result, command }));
+    }
+}
+const miQuote = (value) => `"${value.replaceAll("\\", "\\\\").replaceAll('"', '\\"').replaceAll("\r", "\\r").replaceAll("\n", "\\n").replaceAll("\t", "\\t")}"`;
+/** @internal Decode one unambiguous GDB MI C-string field. */
+export const miStringField = (record, field) => {
+    const escapedField = field.replace(/[.*+?^${}()|[\]\\]/gu, "\\$&");
+    const valuePattern = `((?:\\\\.|[^"\\\\])*)`;
+    const fieldPattern = new RegExp(`(?:^|,)${escapedField}="${valuePattern}"`, "gu");
+    const matches = [...record.matchAll(fieldPattern)];
+    if (matches.length !== 1)
+        return undefined;
+    const match = new RegExp(`^\\d+\\^done,${escapedField}="${valuePattern}"$`, "u").exec(record);
+    const raw = match?.[1];
+    if (raw === undefined)
+        return undefined;
+    const bytes = [];
+    for (let index = 0; index < raw.length;) {
+        const character = raw[index];
+        if (character !== "\\") {
+            const codePoint = raw.codePointAt(index);
+            if (codePoint === undefined ||
+                (codePoint >= 0xd800 && codePoint <= 0xdfff))
+                return undefined;
+            const value = String.fromCodePoint(codePoint);
+            bytes.push(...Buffer.from(value, "utf8"));
+            index += value.length;
+            continue;
+        }
+        const escaped = raw[++index];
+        const simple = {
+            a: 7,
+            b: 8,
+            f: 12,
+            n: 10,
+            r: 13,
+            t: 9,
+            v: 11,
+            "\\": 92,
+            '"': 34,
+            "'": 39,
+            "?": 63,
+        };
+        const simpleByte = simple[escaped];
+        if (simpleByte !== undefined) {
+            bytes.push(simpleByte);
+            index += 1;
+            continue;
+        }
+        if (escaped === "x") {
+            const hex = /^[0-9a-f]+/iu.exec(raw.slice(index + 1))?.[0];
+            if (hex === undefined)
+                return undefined;
+            bytes.push(Number.parseInt(hex, 16) & 0xff);
+            index += hex.length;
+            index += 1;
+            continue;
+        }
+        if (/[0-7]/u.test(escaped)) {
+            const octal = `${escaped}${/^[0-7]{0,2}/u.exec(raw.slice(index + 1))[0]}`;
+            bytes.push(Number.parseInt(octal, 8) & 0xff);
+            index += octal.length;
+            continue;
+        }
+        return undefined;
+    }
+    const decoded = Buffer.from(bytes).toString("utf8");
+    return Buffer.from(decoded, "utf8").equals(Buffer.from(bytes))
+        ? decoded
+        : undefined;
+};
+/** @internal Classify commands that can invalidate the configured output sink. */
+export const gdbOneShotCommandMayInvalidateDetachProof = (command) => {
+    if (commandMayChangeInferiorOutput(command))
+        return true;
+    const firstToken = /^\s*([^\s;]+)/u.exec(command)?.[1]?.toLowerCase();
+    if (firstToken !== undefined &&
+        (["source", "define", "alias"].some((name) => name.startsWith(firstToken)) ||
+            firstToken === "py" ||
+            "python".startsWith(firstToken)))
+        return true;
+    // One-shot execution cannot establish which shell/GDB context interprets
+    // redirections, nor safely track multiline command definitions.
+    return /[<>]{1,2}|&>|[\r\n;]/u.test(command);
+};
+/** @internal Classify commands that can invalidate the configured output sink. */
+export const commandMayChangeInferiorOutput = (command) => {
+    const setting = /^\s*(?:set|with)\s+(\S+)/iu.exec(command)?.[1];
+    const maySetInferiorTty = setting !== undefined && "inferior-tty".startsWith(setting.toLowerCase());
+    const firstToken = /^\s*([^\s;]+)/u.exec(command)?.[1]?.toLowerCase();
+    const mayBeTtyCommand = firstToken !== undefined && "tty".startsWith(firstToken);
+    const mayDefineAlias = firstToken !== undefined && "alias".startsWith(firstToken);
+    const mayRunWithOutputRedirection = firstToken !== undefined &&
+        ["run", "start", "starti"].some((name) => name.startsWith(firstToken)) &&
+        /[<>]{1,2}|&>/u.test(command.slice(firstToken.length));
+    return (maySetInferiorTty ||
+        mayBeTtyCommand ||
+        mayDefineAlias ||
+        /\binferior-tty\b/iu.test(command) ||
+        /^\s*(?:wit(?:h)?(?:\s|$)|tty(?:\s|$)|source\b|py\w*|define\b)/iu.test(command) ||
+        mayRunWithOutputRedirection);
+};
+/** Terminate only the directly owned debugger process, never its process group or inferiors. */
+export const waitForGdbCommandTurn = (previous, signal) => {
+    if (signal === undefined)
+        return previous;
+    if (signal.aborted)
+        return Promise.reject(new AnalysisCancelledError("gdb_console"));
+    return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+        const onAbort = () => reject(new AnalysisCancelledError("gdb_console"));
+        signal.addEventListener("abort", onAbort, { once: true });
+        previous.then(() => {
+            signal.removeEventListener("abort", onAbort);
+            resolve();
+        }, (cause) => {
+            signal.removeEventListener("abort", onAbort);
+            reject(cause);
+        });
+    });
+};