ranger-compiler 3.5.1 → 3.5.2

package/dist/lib/evg/PLAN_EVG_RENDERER.md

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+# EVG Rendering System - Development Plan
+
+## Implementation Status Summary
+
+This section summarizes what is currently implemented in the PDF renderer vs. what's defined in the EVG SPEC (`lib/evg/SPEC.md`).
+
+### ✅ IMPLEMENTED (Working in PDF Renderer)
+
+| Feature | Status | Notes |
+|---------|--------|-------|
+| **Elements** | | |
+| `<View>` / `<div>` | ✅ Full | Container element |
+| `<Label>` / `<span>` | ✅ Full | Text element |
+| `<Image>` / `<img>` | ✅ Full | JPEG with EXIF orientation, resize |
+| `<Path>` / `<path>` | ✅ Full | SVG path rendering |
+| `<Rect>` | ✅ Full | Rectangle element |
+| `<Print>`, `<Section>`, `<Page>` | ✅ Full | Multi-page document structure |
+| **Dimensions** | | |
+| `width`, `height` | ✅ Full | px, %, em, hp, fill units |
+| `minWidth`, `minHeight` | ✅ Full | |
+| `maxWidth`, `maxHeight` | ✅ Full | |
+| **Spacing** | | |
+| `margin` (all sides) | ✅ Full | margin-top/right/bottom/left |
+| `padding` (all sides) | ✅ Full | padding-top/right/bottom/left |
+| **Position** | | |
+| `left`, `top`, `right`, `bottom` | ✅ Full | Absolute positioning |
+| `position: absolute/relative` | ✅ Full | |
+| **Layout** | | |
+| `display: flex/block` | ✅ Full | |
+| `flexDirection` | ✅ Full | row, column |
+| `justifyContent` | ✅ Full | flex-start, center, flex-end, space-between |
+| `alignItems` | ✅ Full | flex-start, center, flex-end |
+| `gap` | ✅ Full | Flexbox gap |
+| `align` | ✅ Full | Horizontal alignment |
+| `verticalAlign` | ✅ Full | Vertical alignment |
+| `overflow: page-break` | ✅ Full | Multi-page content flow |
+| **Visual** | | |
+| `backgroundColor` | ✅ Full | Solid colors |
+| `color` | ✅ Full | Text color |
+| `borderWidth` | ✅ Full | All sides |
+| `borderColor` | ✅ Full | |
+| `borderRadius` | ✅ Full | Rounded corners |
+| `clipPath` | ✅ Full | `circle`, `ellipse` clipping |
+| **Typography** | | |
+| `fontSize` | ✅ Full | px, em units |
+| `fontFamily` | ✅ Full | TrueType fonts with Unicode support |
+| `fontWeight` | ✅ Partial | Bold via font name (e.g., "Noto Sans Bold") |
+| `textAlign` | ✅ Full | left, center, right |
+| `lineHeight` | ✅ Full | Line spacing multiplier |
+| **Images** | | |
+| `src` / `imageUrl` | ✅ Full | Local file paths |
+| EXIF Orientation | ✅ Full | Auto-rotate based on camera orientation |
+| Image Resize | ✅ Full | `maxImageSize`, `imageQuality` on Print |
+| **SVG Paths** | | |
+| `d` / `svgPath` | ✅ Full | M, L, C, Q, Z commands |
+| `viewBox` | ✅ Full | SVG viewBox scaling |
+| `fill` / `fillColor` | ✅ Full | |
+| `stroke` / `strokeColor` | ✅ Partial | |
+
+### ⚠️ PARSED BUT NOT RENDERED (In EVGElement but not used by PDF renderer)
+
+| Feature | Status | Notes |
+|---------|--------|-------|
+| `opacity` | ⚠️ Parsed | Parsed in JSXToEVG.rgr, **NOT rendered in PDF** |
+| `rotate` | ⚠️ Defined | Defined in EVGElement.rgr, **NOT parsed or rendered** |
+| `scale` | ⚠️ Defined | Defined in EVGElement.rgr, **NOT parsed or rendered** |
+| `shadowRadius` | ⚠️ Defined | Defined in EVGElement.rgr, **NOT parsed or rendered** |
+| `shadowColor` | ⚠️ Defined | Defined in EVGElement.rgr, **NOT parsed or rendered** |
+| `shadowOffsetX` | ⚠️ Defined | Defined in EVGElement.rgr, **NOT parsed or rendered** |
+| `shadowOffsetY` | ⚠️ Defined | Defined in EVGElement.rgr, **NOT parsed or rendered** |
+| `overflow` | ⚠️ Defined | Defined in EVGElement.rgr, **NOT parsed or rendered** |
+
+### ❌ NOT IMPLEMENTED (In SPEC but missing from implementation)
+
+| Feature | Priority | Notes |
+|---------|----------|-------|
+| **Transforms** | | |
+| `rotate` | HIGH | Rotation in degrees - needs PDF transformation matrix |
+| `scale` | HIGH | Scale factor - needs PDF transformation matrix |
+| `transform` | MEDIUM | CSS-style transform string |
+| **Gradients** | | |
+| `linear-gradient` | HIGH | PDF Type 2 (Axial) shading pattern |
+| `radial-gradient` | MEDIUM | PDF Type 3 (Radial) shading pattern |
+| **Shadows** | | |
+| `shadow-radius` | MEDIUM | Box shadow blur - complex in PDF |
+| `shadow-color` | MEDIUM | Shadow color |
+| `shadow-offset-x/y` | MEDIUM | Shadow position offset |
+| **Visual** | | |
+| `opacity` | HIGH | PDF ExtGState transparency |
+| `overflow: hidden` | HIGH | Clip children to View bounds - needs PDF clipping rect |
+| `overflow: scroll` | LOW | Not applicable to PDF |
+| **Image Features** | | |
+| `viewBox` on Image | HIGH | Crop/zoom into image region (NEW) |
+| `backgroundImage` | HIGH | View with background image (NEW) |
+| `backgroundViewBox` | MEDIUM | Crop background image (NEW) |
+| `backgroundSize` | MEDIUM | cover, contain, stretch (NEW) |
+| **New Elements** | | |
+| `<Layer>` | HIGH | Stacking layer for overlays (NEW) |
+| **New Renderers** | | |
+| HTML Renderer | **HIGHEST** | Unit testing, fast preview, development iteration |
+| **Interactive** | | |
+| `<input>` | LOW | For web renderer only |
+| `<textarea>` | LOW | For web renderer only |
+
+### Implementation Complexity
+
+| Feature | PDF Implementation Complexity | Notes |
+|---------|-------------------------------|-------|
+| `opacity` | Low | ExtGState with `ca` and `CA` operators |
+| `rotate` | Medium | PDF `cm` transformation matrix |
+| `scale` | Medium | PDF `cm` transformation matrix |
+| `overflow: hidden` | Low | PDF `re ... W n` clipping rectangle |
+| `linear-gradient` | Medium | PDF Shading Pattern Type 2 |
+| `radial-gradient` | Medium-High | PDF Shading Pattern Type 3 |
+| `shadow` | High | No native PDF shadow - must fake with blurred shapes |
+| `viewBox` on Image | Medium | Calculate source rect, use PDF image matrix |
+| `backgroundImage` | Medium | Draw image before content, use clipping |
+| `Layer` | Low | Just render order + optional blend mode |
+
+---
+
+## Overview
+
+This document outlines the plan for enhancing the EVG (Element Visual Graph) rendering system with:
+1. **HTML Renderer** - Fast HTML/CSS output for unit testing and live preview (HIGH PRIORITY)
+2. **Web-based Visual Debugger** - Preview and debug layouts in browser before PDF/JPEG export
+3. **New Visual Features** - Gradients, layers, enhanced image handling
+4. **Metadata System** - Image EXIF data integration, GPS coordinates
+5. **Map Components** - GPS-based image positioning
+
+---
+
+## Architecture
+
+```
+┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
+│                         TSX/JSX Source                              │
+│   <Print><Page><View>...<Image src="photo.jpg"/>...</View></Page>   │
+└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
+                                  │
+                                  ▼
+┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
+│                      Component Engine                                │
+│              (gallery/pdf_writer/src/jsx/)                          │
+│         Parses TSX → EVG Element Tree with metadata                 │
+└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
+                                  │
+                                  ▼
+┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
+│                        EVG Element Tree                             │
+│              (lib/evg/EVGElement.rgr)                           │
+│    - Auto-generated IDs / User-defined IDs                          │
+│    - Image metadata (EXIF, GPS) attached to elements                │
+│    - Gradient definitions, Layer stacking                           │
+└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
+                                  │
+                    ┌─────────────┼─────────────┐
+                    ▼             ▼             ▼
+         ┌──────────────┐ ┌──────────────┐ ┌──────────────┐
+         │ Web Renderer │ │ PDF Renderer │ │ JPEG Renderer│
+         │   (HTML5)    │ │   (existing) │ │  (existing)  │
+         │   Debug UI   │ │              │ │              │
+         └──────────────┘ └──────────────┘ └──────────────┘
+```
+
+---
+
+## Phase 0: HTML Renderer (HIGH PRIORITY)
+
+### 0.1 Why HTML First?
+
+The HTML renderer should be implemented **before** enhancing the PDF renderer because:
+
+1. **Unit Testing** - HTML output can be parsed and validated programmatically
+2. **Fast Preview** - No PDF generation overhead, instant browser preview
+3. **Debugging** - Browser DevTools for inspecting layout issues
+4. **Reference Implementation** - Verify layout algorithm correctness before PDF
+5. **Development Speed** - Iterate quickly on new features
+
+### 0.2 HTML/CSS vs SVG vs Canvas
+
+| Approach | Pros | Cons | Best For |
+|----------|------|------|----------|
+| **HTML/CSS (DIV)** | Native flexbox, easy debugging, testable | Font metrics differ from PDF | Unit tests, preview |
+| **SVG** | Vector, precise positioning, clipPath support | No text wrapping, complex layout | Icons, paths |
+| **Canvas** | Pixel-perfect, closest to PDF | Not inspectable, no DOM | Final preview |
+
+**Recommendation:** Start with **HTML/CSS** for testing, add **Canvas** later for pixel-accurate preview.
+
+### 0.3 Feature Comparison: HTML vs PDF
+
+| Feature | HTML/CSS Support | Notes |
+|---------|------------------|-------|
+| **Layout** | | |
+| Flexbox | ✅ Native | `display: flex` |
+| Absolute positioning | ✅ Native | `position: absolute` |
+| Margin/Padding | ✅ Native | CSS box model |
+| `overflow: hidden` | ✅ Native | CSS `overflow: hidden` |
+| `overflow: page-break` | ✅ Supported | Use layout data to split into page divs |
+| **Text & Fonts** | | |
+| Font metrics | ✅ Supported | Use same TTF parser data as PDF renderer |
+| Text measurement | ✅ Supported | Pre-computed from TTF or Canvas API |
+| TrueType fonts | ✅ Supported | `@font-face` with same TTF files |
+| **Visual** | | |
+| `backgroundColor` | ✅ Native | CSS `background-color` |
+| `borderRadius` | ✅ Native | CSS `border-radius` |
+| `opacity` | ✅ Native | CSS `opacity` |
+| `linear-gradient` | ✅ Native | CSS `linear-gradient()` |
+| `radial-gradient` | ✅ Native | CSS `radial-gradient()` |
+| `shadow` | ✅ Native | CSS `box-shadow` |
+| CMYK colors | ✅ Converted | CMYK→RGB math conversion |
+| **Transforms** | | |
+| `rotate` | ✅ Native | CSS `transform: rotate()` |
+| `scale` | ✅ Native | CSS `transform: scale()` |
+| **Images** | | |
+| `<Image>` | ✅ Native | `<img>` tag |
+| `viewBox` (crop) | ✅ CSS | `object-fit` + `object-position` |
+| `backgroundImage` | ✅ Native | CSS `background-image` |
+| EXIF orientation | ⚠️ Browser | Modern browsers auto-rotate |
+| **Paths** | | |
+| SVG `<Path>` | ✅ Inline SVG | Embed `<svg>` element |
+| `clipPath` | ✅ CSS/SVG | `clip-path: circle()` or SVG `<clipPath>` |
+| Custom SVG paths | ✅ SVG | Inline SVG with `<clipPath>` element |
+| **Multi-page** | | |
+| Multiple pages | ✅ Supported | Each page as `<div class="evg-page">` |
+| Page breaks | ✅ Supported | Layout engine provides page assignments |
+
+### 0.4 Font Rendering: CSS vs PDF Attributes
+
+To ensure identical text rendering between HTML and PDF, we must understand which attributes affect text measurement and rendering in each system.
+
+#### 0.4.1 Text Measurement Attributes Comparison
+
+| Attribute | CSS Property | PDF Operator/Property | Affects Measurement? | Notes |
+|-----------|--------------|----------------------|---------------------|-------|
+| **Font Selection** | | | | |
+| Font family | `font-family` | `/FontName Tf` | ✅ Yes | Must use same TTF file |
+| Font size | `font-size` | `fontSize Tf` | ✅ Yes | Direct scaling factor |
+| Font weight | `font-weight` | Different font file | ✅ Yes | Bold = different glyphs |
+| Font style | `font-style` | Different font file | ✅ Yes | Italic = different glyphs |
+| **Spacing** | | | | |
+| Letter spacing | `letter-spacing` | `Tc` (char spacing) | ✅ Yes | Added to each glyph advance |
+| Word spacing | `word-spacing` | `Tw` (word spacing) | ✅ Yes | Added to space character |
+| Line height | `line-height` | `TL` (leading) | ✅ Yes | Vertical spacing between lines |
+| **Rendering** | | | | |
+| Text color | `color` | `rg` / `RG` (fill) | ❌ No | Visual only |
+| Text shadow | `text-shadow` | N/A (simulate) | ❌ No | Visual only |
+| Text decoration | `text-decoration` | Manual lines | ❌ No | Visual only |
+| **Transform** | | | | |
+| Text scale X | `transform: scaleX()` | `Tm` matrix | ⚠️ Complex | Horizontal scaling |
+| Text rotation | `transform: rotate()` | `Tm` matrix | ⚠️ Complex | Rotation matrix |
+| **Alignment** | | | | |
+| Text align | `text-align` | Manual positioning | ❌ No | Layout, not measurement |
+| Vertical align | `vertical-align` | Manual positioning | ❌ No | Layout, not measurement |
+
+#### 0.4.2 TrueType Font Tables for Measurement
+
+| Table | Purpose | Used For |
+|-------|---------|----------|
+| `head` | Font header | `unitsPerEm` - scaling factor |
+| `hhea` | Horizontal header | `ascender`, `descender`, `lineGap` |
+| `hmtx` | Horizontal metrics | Glyph advance widths |
+| `cmap` | Character map | Unicode → Glyph ID mapping |
+| `kern` | Kerning (optional) | Pair-wise spacing adjustments |
+| `GPOS` | Glyph positioning (optional) | Advanced kerning, ligatures |
+| `OS/2` | OS/2 metrics | `sTypoAscender`, `sTypoDescender`, `sxHeight` |
+
+#### 0.4.3 Text Width Calculation Formula
+
+```
+textWidth = Σ (glyphAdvance[char] + letterSpacing) × (fontSize / unitsPerEm)
+          + (wordCount - 1) × wordSpacing
+
+Where:
+- glyphAdvance[char] = from hmtx table
+- letterSpacing = CSS letter-spacing / PDF Tc
+- fontSize = CSS font-size / PDF Tf size
+- unitsPerEm = from head table (typically 1000 or 2048)
+- wordSpacing = CSS word-spacing / PDF Tw
+```
+
+#### 0.4.4 Line Height Calculation
+
+```
+lineHeight = (ascender - descender + lineGap) × (fontSize / unitsPerEm) × lineHeightMultiplier
+
+CSS:
+  line-height: 1.5;  /* multiplier */
+  line-height: 24px; /* absolute */
+
+PDF:
+  TL operator sets leading (line spacing)
+  T* moves to next line using TL value
+```
+
+#### 0.4.5 Critical CSS Properties for Matching PDF
+
+```css
+/* Reset browser defaults that affect text measurement */
+.evg-text {
+  /* Font selection - MUST match PDF font exactly */
+  font-family: 'Noto Sans', sans-serif;
+  font-size: 16px;
+  font-weight: 400;  /* normal */
+  font-style: normal;
+  
+  /* Spacing - affects measurement */
+  letter-spacing: 0;  /* or specific value */
+  word-spacing: 0;    /* or specific value */
+  line-height: 1.2;   /* must match PDF TL calculation */
+  
+  /* Text rendering hints */
+  text-rendering: geometricPrecision;  /* prioritize accurate positioning */
+  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
+  
+  /* Disable browser adjustments */
+  font-kerning: normal;        /* or 'none' to disable */
+  font-feature-settings: normal;
+  text-size-adjust: 100%;      /* prevent mobile scaling */
+  
+  /* Whitespace handling */
+  white-space: pre-wrap;       /* preserve spaces, wrap lines */
+  word-break: break-word;
+  
+  /* Box model for text containers */
+  margin: 0;
+  padding: 0;
+  border: 0;
+}
+```
+
+#### 0.4.6 PDF Text Operators Reference
+
+| Operator | Syntax | Description | CSS Equivalent |
+|----------|--------|-------------|----------------|
+| `Tf` | `/FontName size Tf` | Select font and size | `font-family`, `font-size` |
+| `Tc` | `spacing Tc` | Character spacing | `letter-spacing` |
+| `Tw` | `spacing Tw` | Word spacing | `word-spacing` |
+| `TL` | `leading TL` | Line leading (height) | `line-height` |
+| `Tr` | `mode Tr` | Render mode (fill/stroke) | `color`, `-webkit-text-stroke` |
+| `Ts` | `rise Ts` | Text rise (baseline shift) | `vertical-align` |
+| `Tm` | `a b c d e f Tm` | Text matrix (transform) | `transform` |
+| `Tj` | `(text) Tj` | Show text | N/A |
+| `TJ` | `[(text) kern (text)] TJ` | Show text with positioning | `letter-spacing` per char |
+| `T*` | `T*` | Move to next line | N/A (implicit in HTML) |
+
+#### 0.4.7 Verification Test Cases
+
+```ranger
+class FontMetricsTest {
+    fn testSingleCharWidth:boolean () {
+        ; Measure single character in both systems
+        def font "Noto Sans"
+        def size 16.0
+        def char "A"
+        
+        def pdfWidth (pdfMeasureText char font size)
+        def htmlWidth (htmlMeasureText char font size)
+        
+        ; Allow 0.1px tolerance for rounding
+        assert (abs(pdfWidth - htmlWidth) < 0.1)
+        return true
+    }
+    
+    fn testMultilineHeight:boolean () {
+        ; Verify line height matches
+        def text "Line 1\nLine 2\nLine 3"
+        def font "Noto Sans"
+        def size 16.0
+        def lineHeight 1.5
+        
+        def pdfHeight (pdfMeasureTextHeight text font size lineHeight)
+        def htmlHeight (htmlMeasureTextHeight text font size lineHeight)
+        
+        assert (abs(pdfHeight - htmlHeight) < 0.5)
+        return true
+    }
+    
+    fn testKerning:boolean () {
+        ; Test kerning pairs like "AV", "To", "WA"
+        def pairs ["AV" "To" "WA" "VA" "Ty"]
+        ; ... verify kerning affects width consistently
+    }
+    
+    fn testLetterSpacing:boolean () {
+        ; Verify letter-spacing / Tc behaves identically
+        def text "Hello"
+        def spacing 2.0  ; 2px letter spacing
+        
+        def pdfWidth (pdfMeasureText text font size spacing)
+        def htmlWidth (htmlMeasureText text font size spacing)
+        
+        ; spacing adds (strlen - 1) * spacing to width
+        assert (abs(pdfWidth - htmlWidth) < 0.1)
+        return true
+    }
+}
+```
+
+#### 0.4.8 Known Differences to Handle
+
+| Issue | Cause | Solution |
+|-------|-------|----------|
+| **Sub-pixel rendering** | Browsers round to device pixels | Use `text-rendering: geometricPrecision` |
+| **Font hinting** | TTF hints adjust at small sizes | May cause ±1px differences |
+| **Kerning tables** | GPOS vs kern table priority | Explicitly enable/disable kerning |
+| **Default line-height** | Browsers use ~1.2, varies by font | Always set explicit `line-height` |
+| **Whitespace collapse** | HTML collapses multiple spaces | Use `white-space: pre-wrap` |
+| **Word breaking** | Different break algorithms | May cause line wrapping differences |
+
+### 0.5 Font Metrics & Text Measurement
+
+The HTML renderer can achieve **pixel-perfect text layout** by using the same font metrics system as the PDF renderer:
+
+**Approach 1: TrueType Font Parsing (Server-side / Pre-computed)**
+```
+┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
+│                    TrueType Font File (.ttf)                        │
+└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
+                                  │
+                                  ▼
+┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
+│                    TrueTypeParser.rgr (existing)                    │
+│  - Parse cmap table (character to glyph mapping)                    │
+│  - Parse hmtx table (horizontal metrics - advance widths)           │
+│  - Parse head table (unitsPerEm)                                    │
+│  - Calculate: charWidth = (advanceWidth / unitsPerEm) * fontSize    │
+└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
+                                  │
+                                  ▼
+┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
+│                    Font Metrics Lookup Table                        │
+│  {                                                                  │
+│    "Noto Sans": {                                                   │
+│      "unitsPerEm": 1000,                                            │
+│      "ascender": 1069,                                              │
+│      "descender": -293,                                             │
+│      "glyphWidths": { "A": 633, "B": 653, "C": 698, ... }          │
+│    }                                                                │
+│  }                                                                  │
+└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
+                                  │
+                    ┌─────────────┴─────────────┐
+                    ▼                           ▼
+         ┌──────────────────┐       ┌──────────────────┐
+         │   PDF Renderer   │       │   HTML Renderer  │
+         │  (same metrics)  │       │  (same metrics)  │
+         └──────────────────┘       └──────────────────┘
+```
+
+**Approach 2: Canvas API (Browser runtime)**
+```javascript
+// Browser-side font measurement using Canvas API
+function measureText(text, fontFamily, fontSize) {
+    const canvas = document.createElement('canvas');
+    const ctx = canvas.getContext('2d');
+    ctx.font = `${fontSize}px "${fontFamily}"`;
+    const metrics = ctx.measureText(text);
+    return {
+        width: metrics.width,
+        actualBoundingBoxAscent: metrics.actualBoundingBoxAscent,
+        actualBoundingBoxDescent: metrics.actualBoundingBoxDescent
+    };
+}
+```
+
+**Recommended Strategy:**
+1. **Pre-compute** font metrics from TTF files using existing `TrueTypeParser.rgr`
+2. **Embed metrics** in HTML output as JSON or generate CSS with exact measurements
+3. **Fallback** to Canvas API for dynamic/unknown fonts in browser
+
+This ensures **identical text layout** between PDF and HTML renderers.
+
+### 0.6 Page Breaks in HTML
+
+Page breaks ARE possible in HTML because we control the layout engine:
+
+```
+┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
+│                     EVG Layout Engine                               │
+│  - Already calculates element positions                             │
+│  - Already tracks page assignments (calculatedPage)                 │
+│  - Knows exact page dimensions and margins                          │
+└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
+                                  │
+                                  ▼
+┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
+│                     HTML Page Rendering                             │
+│                                                                     │
+│  Page 1:                        Page 2:                             │
+│  ┌─────────────────────┐       ┌─────────────────────┐             │
+│  │ <div class="page-1">│       │ <div class="page-2">│             │
+│  │   Element A         │       │   Element D         │             │
+│  │   Element B         │       │   Element E         │             │
+│  │   Element C         │       │   (continued...)    │             │
+│  │   (page ends here)  │       │                     │             │
+│  └─────────────────────┘       └─────────────────────┘             │
+└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
+```
+
+**Implementation:**
+```html
+<div class="evg-document">
+  <!-- Page 1 -->
+  <div class="evg-page" style="width: 595px; height: 842px;">
+    <!-- Elements with calculatedPage == 0 -->
+  </div>
+  
+  <!-- Page 2 -->
+  <div class="evg-page" style="width: 595px; height: 842px;">
+    <!-- Elements with calculatedPage == 1 -->
+  </div>
+</div>
+```
+
+### 0.7 CMYK Color Conversion
+
+CMYK to RGB conversion is straightforward mathematics:
+
+```ranger
+class ColorConverter {
+    ; CMYK to RGB (simple conversion)
+    sfn cmykToRgb:EVGColor (c:double m:double y:double k:double) {
+        ; Formula: R = 255 × (1-C) × (1-K)
+        def r:int (to_int (255.0 * (1.0 - c) * (1.0 - k)))
+        def g:int (to_int (255.0 * (1.0 - m) * (1.0 - k)))
+        def b:int (to_int (255.0 * (1.0 - y) * (1.0 - k)))
+        return (EVGColor.create(r g b 255))
+    }
+    
+    ; RGB to CMYK
+    sfn rgbToCmyk:[double] (r:int g:int b:int) {
+        def rn:double ((to_double r) / 255.0)
+        def gn:double ((to_double g) / 255.0)
+        def bn:double ((to_double b) / 255.0)
+        
+        def k:double (1.0 - (max3 rn gn bn))
+        if (k == 1.0) {
+            return [0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0]  ; Pure black
+        }
+        
+        def c:double ((1.0 - rn - k) / (1.0 - k))
+        def m:double ((1.0 - gn - k) / (1.0 - k))
+        def y:double ((1.0 - bn - k) / (1.0 - k))
+        
+        return [c m y k]
+    }
+}
+```
+
+**For accurate CMYK preview:**
+- Convert CMYK to RGB for browser display
+- Show warning indicator for CMYK colors (since RGB gamut differs)
+- Optional: Use ICC color profiles for more accurate conversion
+
+### 0.8 What CAN'T Be Done in HTML?
+
+| Feature | Issue | Solution |
+|---------|-------|----------|
+| **PDF-specific metadata** | Title, author, keywords | N/A for preview (PDF only) |
+| **Embedded fonts** | PDF embeds font subsets | Use `@font-face` with TTF/WOFF |
+| **Exact CMYK gamut** | Browsers use RGB | Convert + show indicator |
+| **PDF encryption** | Security features | N/A for preview |
+
+**Everything else CAN be done** - font metrics, page breaks, and color conversion are all solvable.
+
+### 0.9 Implementation Plan
+
+**Files to create:**
+```
+lib/evg/web/
+├── EVGHTMLRenderer.rgr      # Main HTML renderer
+├── EVGCSSGenerator.rgr      # CSS style generation
+├── EVGHTMLDocument.rgr      # HTML document wrapper
+└── tests/
+    ├── html_render_test.rgr # Unit tests
+    └── expected/            # Expected HTML output files
+```
+
+**EVGHTMLRenderer Interface:**
+```ranger
+class EVGHTMLRenderer {
+    def indentLevel:int 0
+    def cssStyles:[string]       ; Collected CSS rules
+    def usedFonts:[string]       ; Fonts to include as web fonts
+    
+    fn render:string (root:EVGElement)
+    fn renderElement:string (el:EVGElement)
+    fn renderView:string (el:EVGElement)
+    fn renderLabel:string (el:EVGElement)
+    fn renderImage:string (el:EVGElement)
+    fn renderPath:string (el:EVGElement)
+    
+    fn generateCSS:string (el:EVGElement)
+    fn generateInlineStyle:string (el:EVGElement)
+    
+    ; Output options
+    def outputMode:string "inline"  ; "inline" | "stylesheet" | "both"
+    def prettyPrint:boolean true
+}
+```
+
+### 0.10 HTML Output Example
+
+**Input TSX:**
+```tsx
+<Page width="595px" height="842px" padding="40px">
+  <View backgroundColor="#f5f5f5" padding="20px" borderRadius="10px">
+    <Label fontSize="24px" color="#2c3e50">Hello World</Label>
+    <Image src="photo.jpg" width="200px" height="150px" />
+  </View>
+</Page>
+```
+
+**Output HTML:**
+```html
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+<head>
+  <meta charset="UTF-8">
+  <style>
+    @font-face {
+      font-family: 'Noto Sans';
+      src: url('./fonts/NotoSans-Regular.ttf');
+    }
+    .evg-page {
+      width: 595px;
+      height: 842px;
+      padding: 40px;
+      box-sizing: border-box;
+      background: white;
+      position: relative;
+      overflow: hidden;
+    }
+    .evg-view-1 {
+      background-color: #f5f5f5;
+      padding: 20px;
+      border-radius: 10px;
+      display: flex;
+      flex-direction: column;
+    }
+    .evg-label-1 {
+      font-size: 24px;
+      color: #2c3e50;
+      font-family: 'Noto Sans', sans-serif;
+    }
+    .evg-image-1 {
+      width: 200px;
+      height: 150px;
+      object-fit: cover;
+    }
+  </style>
+</head>
+<body>
+  <div class="evg-page">
+    <div class="evg-view-1">
+      <span class="evg-label-1">Hello World</span>
+      <img class="evg-image-1" src="photo.jpg" alt="">
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</body>
+</html>
+```
+
+### 0.11 Unit Testing with HTML
+
+**Test approach:**
+```ranger
+Import "EVGHTMLRenderer.rgr"
+Import "JSXToEVG.rgr"
+
+class HTMLRenderTest {
+    fn testSimpleView:boolean () {
+        def tsx "<View width=\"100px\" height=\"50px\" backgroundColor=\"#ff0000\"></View>"
+        def parser (new JSXToEVG())
+        def root:EVGElement (parser.parse(tsx))
+        
+        def renderer (new EVGHTMLRenderer())
+        def html:string (renderer.render(root))
+        
+        ; Verify output contains expected CSS
+        assert (contains html "width: 100px")
+        assert (contains html "height: 50px")
+        assert (contains html "background-color: #ff0000")
+        
+        return true
+    }
+    
+    fn testFlexLayout:boolean () {
+        def tsx "<View display=\"flex\" justifyContent=\"center\" alignItems=\"center\">...</View>"
+        ; ... verify flex CSS output
+    }
+    
+    fn testGradient:boolean () {
+        def tsx "<View background=\"linear-gradient(45deg, red, blue)\">...</View>"
+        ; ... verify gradient CSS output
+    }
+}
+```
+
+### 0.12 Live Preview Server
+
+```ranger
+class EVGPreviewServer {
+    def port:int 8080
+    def watchPath:string ""
+    def renderer:EVGHTMLRenderer
+    
+    fn start:void () {
+        ; Start HTTP server
+        ; Watch TSX files for changes
+        ; WebSocket for hot reload
+    }
+    
+    fn handleRequest:string (path:string) {
+        if (path == "/") {
+            return this.renderPreview()
+        }
+        if (startsWith path "/fonts/") {
+            return this.serveFont(path)
+        }
+        if (startsWith path "/images/") {
+            return this.serveImage(path)
+        }
+    }
+}
+```
+
+**Usage:**
+```bash
+evg preview example.tsx --port=8080
+# Opens browser at http://localhost:8080
+# Auto-refreshes on file changes
+```
+
+### 0.13 Implementation Priority
+
+1. **Phase 0.1:** Basic HTML structure (View, Label) - 1 day
+2. **Phase 0.2:** CSS generation (colors, dimensions, spacing) - 1 day
+3. **Phase 0.3:** Flexbox layout mapping - 1 day
+4. **Phase 0.4:** Image rendering with viewBox - 1 day
+5. **Phase 0.5:** SVG Path embedding - 1 day
+6. **Phase 0.6:** Gradients and shadows - 1 day
+7. **Phase 0.7:** Unit test framework - 1 day
+8. **Phase 0.8:** Preview server with hot reload - 2 days
+
+**Total: ~10 days**
+
+---
+
+## Phase 1: Web-based Visual Debugger
+
+### 1.1 HTML5/Canvas Renderer
+
+Create a new renderer that outputs the EVG tree as HTML/CSS or Canvas drawings for browser preview.
+
+**Files to create:**
+- `lib/evg/web/EVGWebRenderer.rgr` - Renders EVG to HTML/CSS
+- `lib/evg/web/EVGCanvasRenderer.rgr` - Renders EVG to Canvas commands
+- `lib/evg/web/evg_preview_server.rgr` - Simple HTTP server for preview
+
+**Features:**
+- Real-time preview of layout
+- Element inspector (click to see properties)
+- Highlight element boundaries and padding/margins
+- Show calculated sizes vs. specified sizes
+- Export to PDF/JPEG from preview
+
+### 1.2 Debug UI Components
+
+```
+┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
+│  EVG Visual Debugger                                    [Export ▼]  │
+├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
+│ ┌───────────────────────────────────┐ ┌───────────────────────────┐ │
+│ │                                   │ │ Element Inspector         │ │
+│ │                                   │ ├───────────────────────────┤ │
+│ │      [Page Preview]               │ │ ID: header-title          │ │
+│ │                                   │ │ Type: Label               │ │
+│ │                                   │ │ Position: (40, 40)        │ │
+│ │                                   │ │ Size: 515 x 32            │ │
+│ │                                   │ │ Font: Noto Sans 24px      │ │
+│ │                                   │ │ Color: #2c3e50            │ │
+│ │                                   │ │                           │ │
+│ │                                   │ │ ─── Computed ───          │ │
+│ │                                   │ │ Padding: 0                │ │
+│ │                                   │ │ Margin: 0 0 20 0          │ │
+│ └───────────────────────────────────┘ └───────────────────────────┘ │
+│ Page: [1] [2] [3] [4]                          Zoom: [100%]         │
+└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
+```
+
+---
+
+## Phase 1.5: Incremental Rendering & Live Preview
+
+### 1.5.1 Problem Statement
+
+Current PDF rendering:
+- Regenerates entire PDF on every change
+- Slow for large documents (100+ pages)
+- No live preview during development
+- Must export and open externally to see results
+
+Goal: **Sub-second preview updates** during development
+
+### 1.5.2 Incremental PDF Rendering Architecture
+
+```
+┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
+│                         TSX Source (File Watch)                     │
+└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
+                                  │
+                                  ▼
+┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
+│                    Change Detection Engine                          │
+│  - Parse TSX to AST                                                 │
+│  - Diff against previous AST                                        │
+│  - Identify changed pages/elements                                  │
+│  - Track dependency graph (shared styles, images)                   │
+└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
+                                  │
+                    ┌─────────────┼─────────────┐
+                    ▼             ▼             ▼
+              No Changes    Page Changed    Global Change
+                    │             │             │
+                    │             ▼             ▼
+                    │       Re-render      Full Re-render
+                    │       affected       all pages
+                    │       pages only
+                    │             │             │
+                    └─────────────┴─────────────┘
+                                  │
+                                  ▼
+┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
+│                   PDF Update Strategy                               │
+│  Option A: Page-level PDF replacement                               │
+│  Option B: Render to PNG per page + composite                       │
+│  Option C: Hybrid preview (web) + full export (PDF)                 │
+└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
+```
+
+### 1.5.3 Change Detection Strategy
+
+**Page-level hashing:**
+```
+Page 1: hash("content...") = "a1b2c3"  → unchanged
+Page 2: hash("content...") = "d4e5f6"  → CHANGED (was "x7y8z9")
+Page 3: hash("content...") = "g7h8i9"  → unchanged
+```
+
+**What triggers full re-render:**
+- Shared style changes (affects all pages using that style)
+- Font changes
+- Global variable changes
+- Page count changes (PDF cross-reference table must update)
+
+**What triggers partial re-render:**
+- Single page content change
+- Image replacement (same dimensions)
+- Text edits within a page
+
+### 1.5.4 Live Preview Implementation Options
+
+#### Option A: Native PDF Viewer Wrapper (macOS)
+
+Wrap `evg` binary with a native macOS app that:
+1. Watches TSX files for changes (FSEvents)
+2. Calls `evg` to render changed pages to PNG
+3. Displays PNGs in scrollable preview
+4. Full PDF export on demand
+
+**Pros:**
+- Native performance
+- True WYSIWYG (same renderer)
+- No browser needed
+
+**Cons:**
+- macOS only initially
+- Requires Swift/Objective-C wrapper
+
+```
+┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
+│  EVG Live Preview (macOS)                               [Export]    │
+├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
+│  ┌──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐   │
+│  │                                                              │   │
+│  │    ┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐    │   │
+│  │    │                                                    │    │   │
+│  │    │              Page 1 (PNG preview)                  │    │   │
+│  │    │                                                    │    │   │
+│  │    └────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘    │   │
+│  │                                                              │   │
+│  │    ┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐    │   │
+│  │    │                                                    │    │   │
+│  │    │              Page 2 (PNG preview)                  │    │   │
+│  │    │              *** UPDATED ***                       │    │   │
+│  │    └────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘    │   │
+│  │                                                              │   │
+│  └──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘   │
+│  Page 2 of 10   |   Last update: 0.3s   |   Watching: example.tsx   │
+└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
+```
+
+**Implementation (Swift):**
+```swift
+// EVGPreviewApp.swift
+class EVGPreviewController {
+    var pageCache: [Int: NSImage] = [:]
+    var pageHashes: [Int: String] = [:]
+    
+    func onFileChanged(path: String) {
+        let changedPages = detectChangedPages(path)
+        for pageNum in changedPages {
+            // Render only changed page to PNG
+            let png = renderPageToPNG(pageNum)
+            pageCache[pageNum] = png
+            updatePreview(pageNum)
+        }
+    }
+    
+    func renderPageToPNG(_ page: Int) -> NSImage {
+        // Call evg binary with --page=N --format=png
+        let task = Process()
+        task.executableURL = URL(fileURLWithPath: "/usr/local/bin/evg")
+        task.arguments = [sourcePath, "--page=\(page)", "--format=png", "-o", "-"]
+        // ... capture stdout as PNG data
+    }
+}
+```
+
+#### Option B: Electron/Tauri Wrapper (Cross-platform)
+
+**Pros:**
+- Cross-platform (macOS, Windows, Linux)
+- Web technologies for UI
+- Hot-reload built-in
+
+**Cons:**
+- Larger bundle size (Electron)
+- Tauri requires Rust knowledge
+
+#### Option C: VS Code Extension
+
+Integrate preview directly into VS Code:
+
+**Pros:**
+- No separate app needed
+- Side-by-side with code
+- Familiar environment
+
+**Cons:**
+- Limited to VS Code users
+- WebView has some limitations
+
+```
+┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
+│  VS Code                                                            │
+├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
+│  example.tsx          │  EVG Preview                                │
+│ ──────────────────────│─────────────────────────────────────────────│
+│  <Print>              │  ┌────────────────────────────────────────┐ │
+│    <Page>             │  │                                        │ │
+│      <View>           │  │        [Live Page Preview]             │ │
+│        <Label>Hello   │  │                                        │ │
+│        ...            │  │                                        │ │
+│                       │  └────────────────────────────────────────┘ │
+│                       │  Page: [1] [2] [3]    [Export PDF]          │
+└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
+```
+
+#### Option D: Browser-based with WebSocket Hot Reload
+
+**Pros:**
+- No installation (just open browser)
+- Works on any OS
+- Easy to share previews remotely
+
+**Cons:**
+- Requires running server
+- Slight rendering differences from PDF
+
+### 1.5.5 Recommended Approach: Hybrid System
+
+**Development workflow:**
+1. **Primary: Web preview** (fast, cross-platform, hot-reload)
+2. **Verification: PNG per-page** (pixel-accurate to PDF)
+3. **Final: Full PDF export** (production output)
+
+**Implementation phases:**
+
+**Phase 1.5a: Single-page PNG render mode**
+```bash
+# New CLI option: render single page to PNG
+evg example.tsx --page=2 --format=png -o page2.png
+
+# Render all pages as PNGs to directory
+evg example.tsx --format=png --pages-dir=./preview/
+```
+
+**Phase 1.5b: File watcher with incremental render**
+```bash
+# Watch mode with live preview server
+evg example.tsx --watch --preview-port=8080
+
+# Opens browser at http://localhost:8080
+# WebSocket pushes updates on file change
+```
+
+**Phase 1.5c: Native preview app (optional)**
+```bash
+# macOS app that uses evg internally
+EVGPreview.app
+```
+
+### 1.5.6 PDF Incremental Update (Advanced)
+
+PDF format allows incremental updates (appending changes without rewriting):
+
+```
+Original PDF:
+┌─────────────────────────────────────────┐
+│ Header                                  │
+│ Object 1 (Page 1 content)               │
+│ Object 2 (Page 2 content)               │
+│ Object 3 (Page 3 content)               │
+│ XRef Table                              │
+│ Trailer                                 │
+└─────────────────────────────────────────┘
+
+After incremental update (Page 2 changed):
+┌─────────────────────────────────────────┐
+│ [Original PDF bytes unchanged]          │
+│ ...                                     │
+│ ─────── Incremental Update ───────      │
+│ Object 2' (New Page 2 content)          │
+│ XRef Table (updated)                    │
+│ Trailer (updated)                       │
+└─────────────────────────────────────────┘
+```
+
+**Challenges:**
+- PDF viewers may not support incremental updates well
+- File size grows with each update
+- Complex implementation
+
+**Recommendation:** Use PNG preview for development, full PDF for export.
+
+### 1.5.7 Performance Targets
+
+| Operation | Target Time | Notes |
+|-----------|-------------|-------|
+| Detect changes | < 50ms | AST diff |
+| Render single page to PNG | < 200ms | Typical page |
+| WebSocket push to browser | < 10ms | PNG base64 |
+| **Total update latency** | **< 300ms** | From save to preview |
+
+---
+
+## Phase 2: New Visual Features
+
+### 2.1 Linear Gradients
+
+**TSX Syntax:**
+```tsx
+<View
+  width="100%"
+  height="200px"
+  background="linear-gradient(45deg, #ff6b6b, #4ecdc4)"
+/>
+
+// Or with explicit stops
+<View
+  width="100%"
+  height="200px"
+  background="linear-gradient(to right, #ff6b6b 0%, #feca57 50%, #4ecdc4 100%)"
+/>
+```
+
+**Implementation:**
+- `EVGGradient.rgr` - Gradient definition class
+- PDF: Use shading patterns (Type 2 - Axial)
+- Web: CSS `linear-gradient()`
+
+### 2.2 Radial Gradients
+
+**TSX Syntax:**
+```tsx
+<View
+  width="200px"
+  height="200px"
+  background="radial-gradient(circle at center, #ffffff, #000000)"
+/>
+
+// Elliptical
+<View
+  width="300px"
+  height="200px"
+  background="radial-gradient(ellipse at 30% 50%, #ff6b6b 0%, transparent 70%)"
+/>
+```
+
+**Implementation:**
+- PDF: Use shading patterns (Type 3 - Radial)
+- Web: CSS `radial-gradient()`
+
+### 2.3 Layer Element
+
+A `Layer` element renders on top of its parent with the same dimensions, enabling stacking of content.
+
+**TSX Syntax:**
+```tsx
+<View width="400px" height="300px">
+  {/* Base layer - image */}
+  <Layer>
+    <Image src="photo.jpg" width="100%" height="100%" />
+  </Layer>
+  
+  {/* Overlay layer - gradient */}
+  <Layer>
+    <View 
+      width="100%" 
+      height="100%" 
+      background="linear-gradient(to top, rgba(0,0,0,0.7), transparent)"
+    />
+  </Layer>
+  
+  {/* Text layer */}
+  <Layer verticalAlign="bottom" padding="20px">
+    <Label fontSize="24px" color="white">Photo Title</Label>
+    <Label fontSize="14px" color="white" opacity="0.8">Subtitle text</Label>
+  </Layer>
+</View>
+```
+
+**Properties:**
+- `verticalAlign`: "top" | "center" | "bottom"
+- `align`: "left" | "center" | "right"
+- `padding`: Inset from parent edges
+- `opacity`: Layer transparency
+
+**Implementation:**
+- Layer inherits parent's calculated width/height
+- Layers are rendered in order (first = bottom, last = top)
+- PDF: Save/restore graphics state for each layer
+
+### 2.4 Image viewBox (Crop/Zoom)
+
+The `viewBox` attribute allows cropping/zooming into a specific region of an image using relative percentages.
+
+**TSX Syntax:**
+```tsx
+// Full image (default)
+<Image src="photo.jpg" width="400px" height="300px" />
+
+// Zoom into center 80% of image (10% crop from each edge)
+<Image 
+  src="photo.jpg" 
+  width="400px" 
+  height="300px" 
+  viewBox="10% 10% 80% 80%"
+/>
+
+// Zoom into top-left quadrant
+<Image 
+  src="photo.jpg" 
+  width="400px" 
+  height="300px" 
+  viewBox="0% 0% 50% 50%"
+/>
+
+// Zoom into bottom-right area
+<Image 
+  src="photo.jpg" 
+  width="400px" 
+  height="300px" 
+  viewBox="40% 40% 60% 60%"
+/>
+
+// Also supports pixel values
+<Image 
+  src="photo.jpg" 
+  width="400px" 
+  height="300px" 
+  viewBox="100px 100px 800px 600px"
+/>
+```
+
+**viewBox Format:** `"x y width height"`
+- `x` - Horizontal offset (% or px from left edge)
+- `y` - Vertical offset (% or px from top edge)  
+- `width` - Width of visible area (% or px)
+- `height` - Height of visible area (% or px)
+
+**Implementation:**
+- Calculate source rectangle in original image pixels
+- Scale/stretch source rectangle to fill element dimensions
+- PDF: Use image clipping and transformation matrix
+- Web: Use CSS `object-position` and `object-fit`, or Canvas `drawImage()` with source rect
+
+**Use Cases:**
+- Portrait crop from landscape photo
+- Focus on face/subject
+- Create zoom effects
+- Ken Burns style animations (future)
+
+### 2.5 Image Element as Container
+
+`Image` element children render inside a virtual layer over the image.
+
+**TSX Syntax:**
+```tsx
+<Image src="photo.jpg" width="400px" height="300px">
+  <View 
+    position="absolute" 
+    bottom="0" 
+    width="100%" 
+    padding="10px"
+    background="rgba(0,0,0,0.5)"
+  >
+    <Label color="white">{image.date}</Label>
+  </View>
+</Image>
+```
+
+### 2.6 Background Images
+
+Views can have background images with optional viewBox cropping.
+
+**TSX Syntax:**
+```tsx
+// Simple background image
+<View 
+  width="100%" 
+  height="400px"
+  backgroundImage="photo.jpg"
+  backgroundSize="cover"
+>
+  <Label fontSize="32px" color="white">Title Text</Label>
+</View>
+
+// Background with viewBox zoom
+<View 
+  width="100%" 
+  height="400px"
+  backgroundImage="photo.jpg"
+  backgroundViewBox="20% 10% 60% 80%"
+  backgroundSize="cover"
+>
+  <Label fontSize="32px" color="white">Zoomed Background</Label>
+</View>
+
+// Combined with gradient overlay
+<View 
+  width="100%" 
+  height="400px"
+  backgroundImage="photo.jpg"
+  backgroundSize="cover"
+>
+  <Layer background="linear-gradient(to top, rgba(0,0,0,0.8), transparent)">
+    <View padding="20px" verticalAlign="bottom">
+      <Label fontSize="32px" color="white">Hero Title</Label>
+      <Label fontSize="16px" color="white" opacity="0.8">Subtitle</Label>
+    </View>
+  </Layer>
+</View>
+```
+
+**backgroundSize options:**
+- `"cover"` - Scale to cover entire element (may crop)
+- `"contain"` - Scale to fit within element (may have gaps)
+- `"stretch"` - Stretch to fill exactly (may distort)
+- `"100% 100%"` - Explicit size
+
+---
+
+## Phase 3: Element ID System
+
+### 3.1 Automatic ID Generation
+
+Every element gets a unique ID automatically.
+
+**Format:** `{elementType}_{index}` or `{elementType}_{parentId}_{index}`
+
+```tsx
+// Auto-generated IDs
+<View>              {/* id: "view_0" */}
+  <Label>Text</Label>  {/* id: "label_view_0_0" */}
+  <Image src="..." />  {/* id: "image_view_0_1" */}
+</View>
+```
+
+### 3.2 User-defined IDs
+
+Users can set custom IDs for elements they need to reference.
+
+**TSX Syntax:**
+```tsx
+<View id="main-container">
+  <Label id="title">Hello World</Label>
+  <Image id="hero-image" src="photo.jpg" />
+</View>
+```
+
+### 3.3 ID Registry API
+
+```typescript
+// Get element by ID
+const element = evg.getElementById("hero-image");
+
+// Get all elements of type
+const allImages = evg.getElementsByType("image");
+
+// Get element metadata
+const metadata = evg.getElementMetadata("hero-image");
+```
+
+---
+
+## Phase 4: Image Metadata System
+
+### 4.1 EXIF Data Extraction
+
+Extend existing `JPEGMetadata.rgr` to provide structured metadata.
+
+**Available metadata:**
+```typescript
+interface ImageMetadata {
+  // Basic
+  width: number;
+  height: number;
+  orientation: number;
+  
+  // Camera
+  make?: string;
+  model?: string;
+  exposureTime?: string;
+  fNumber?: number;
+  iso?: number;
+  focalLength?: number;
+  
+  // Date/Time
+  dateTime?: string;           // "2024:06:15 14:32:45"
+  dateTimeOriginal?: string;
+  
+  // GPS
+  gps?: {
+    latitude: number;          // Decimal degrees (positive = N)
+    longitude: number;         // Decimal degrees (positive = E)
+    altitude?: number;         // Meters
+    timestamp?: string;
+  };
+}
+```
+
+### 4.2 Context Access in TSX
+
+**Option A: Context Provider**
+```tsx
+<Image src="photo.jpg" width="400px" height="300px">
+  <ImageContext>
+    {(meta) => (
+      <View position="absolute" bottom="0" padding="10px">
+        <Label color="white">{meta.dateTime}</Label>
+        {meta.gps && (
+          <Label color="white" fontSize="12px">
+            📍 {meta.gps.latitude.toFixed(4)}, {meta.gps.longitude.toFixed(4)}
+          </Label>
+        )}
+      </View>
+    )}
+  </ImageContext>
+</Image>
+```
+
+**Option B: Special Variables**
+```tsx
+<Image src="photo.jpg" width="400px" height="300px">
+  <Label color="white">${image.dateTime}</Label>
+  <Label color="white">${image.gps.latitude}</Label>
+</Image>
+```
+
+### 4.3 Metadata API by Element ID
+
+```typescript
+// Get metadata for specific image element
+const meta = evg.getImageMetadata("hero-image");
+console.log(meta.gps.latitude, meta.gps.longitude);
+
+// Get all images with GPS data
+const geoImages = evg.getImagesWithGPS();
+```
+
+---
+
+## Phase 5: MapBox Component
+
+### 5.1 Concept
+
+A `MapBox` component that:
+1. Takes a list of images with GPS coordinates
+2. Calculates bounding box from coordinate extremes
+3. Positions images relative to their GPS location within the box
+4. Optionally draws route/path between images
+
+### 5.2 TSX Syntax
+
+**Basic Usage:**
+```tsx
+<MapBox 
+  width="600px" 
+  height="400px"
+  images={[
+    "IMG_001.jpg",
+    "IMG_002.jpg", 
+    "IMG_003.jpg"
+  ]}
+  markerSize="60px"
+  showRoute={true}
+  routeColor="#3498db"
+/>
+```
+
+**Advanced Usage:**
+```tsx
+<MapBox 
+  width="600px" 
+  height="400px"
+  padding="20px"
+  backgroundColor="#f0f0f0"
+  borderRadius="10px"
+>
+  {/* Images auto-positioned by GPS */}
+  <MapImage src="IMG_001.jpg" markerStyle="circle" />
+  <MapImage src="IMG_002.jpg" markerStyle="square" />
+  <MapImage src="IMG_003.jpg" markerStyle="circle" />
+  
+  {/* Route line connecting images by time order */}
+  <MapRoute color="#3498db" width="2px" dashed={true} />
+  
+  {/* Custom marker at specific coordinates */}
+  <MapMarker lat={60.1699} lon={24.9384}>
+    <View padding="5px" backgroundColor="red" borderRadius="50%">
+      <Label color="white" fontSize="12px">Start</Label>
+    </View>
+  </MapMarker>
+</MapBox>
+```
+
+### 5.3 Implementation Details
+
+**Coordinate Transformation:**
+```
+GPS Bounds:
+  minLat = min(all latitudes)
+  maxLat = max(all latitudes)
+  minLon = min(all longitudes)
+  maxLon = max(all longitudes)
+
+Mapping function:
+  x = (lon - minLon) / (maxLon - minLon) * boxWidth
+  y = (maxLat - lat) / (maxLat - minLat) * boxHeight  // Inverted Y
+```
+
+**Features:**
+- Auto-calculate bounds from image GPS or manual bounds
+- Padding to prevent markers at edges
+- Scale bar showing distance
+- North arrow indicator
+- Optional background map tile integration (future)
+
+### 5.4 MapBox Props
+
+```typescript
+interface MapBoxProps {
+  // Dimensions
+  width: string | number;
+  height: string | number;
+  
+  // Content
+  images?: string[];           // Array of image paths
+  
+  // Bounds (optional - auto-calculated if not specified)
+  bounds?: {
+    north: number;             // Max latitude
+    south: number;             // Min latitude
+    east: number;              // Max longitude
+    west: number;              // Min longitude
+  };
+  
+  // Markers
+  markerSize?: string | number;
+  markerStyle?: "circle" | "square" | "thumbnail";
+  
+  // Route
+  showRoute?: boolean;
+  routeColor?: string;
+  routeWidth?: string | number;
+  routeDashed?: boolean;
+  sortBy?: "time" | "none";    // How to order route points
+  
+  // Visual
+  backgroundColor?: string;
+  padding?: string | number;
+  showScale?: boolean;
+  showNorthArrow?: boolean;
+}
+```
+
+---
+
+## Phase 6: Implementation Priority
+
+### Sprint 1: Foundation (Week 1-2)
+- [ ] Element ID system (auto + manual)
+- [ ] Image metadata extraction enhancement
+- [ ] Metadata API by element ID
+
+### Sprint 2: Visual Features (Week 3-4)
+- [ ] Linear gradient support (PDF + Web)
+- [ ] Radial gradient support (PDF + Web)
+- [ ] Layer element implementation
+
+### Sprint 3: Web Debugger (Week 5-6)
+- [ ] HTML/CSS renderer for EVG
+- [ ] Debug UI with element inspector
+- [ ] Hot-reload preview
+
+### Sprint 4: MapBox (Week 7-8)
+- [ ] GPS coordinate extraction from images
+- [ ] Coordinate transformation
+- [ ] MapBox component with route drawing
+- [ ] MapImage and MapMarker sub-components
+
+---
+
+## File Structure
+
+```
+gallery/
+├── evg/
+│   ├── EVGElement.rgr          # Core element (add ID, metadata)
+│   ├── EVGLayout.rgr           # Layout engine
+│   ├── EVGGradient.rgr         # NEW: Gradient definitions
+│   ├── EVGLayer.rgr            # NEW: Layer element
+│   ├── EVGMapBox.rgr           # NEW: Map component
+│   └── web/
+│       ├── EVGWebRenderer.rgr  # NEW: HTML/CSS output
+│       ├── EVGCanvasRenderer.rgr # NEW: Canvas output
+│       └── evg_debug_server.rgr  # NEW: Preview server
+│
+├── pdf_writer/
+│   ├── src/
+│   │   ├── core/
+│   │   │   ├── EVGPDFRenderer.rgr  # Update for gradients, layers
+│   │   │   └── PDFGradient.rgr     # NEW: PDF gradient patterns
+│   │   ├── jpeg/
+│   │   │   └── JPEGMetadata.rgr    # Enhance EXIF parsing
+│   │   └── jsx/
+│   │       └── ComponentEngine.rgr # Add Layer, MapBox components
+│   └── examples/
+│       ├── test_gradients.tsx      # NEW: Gradient examples
+│       ├── test_layers.tsx         # NEW: Layer examples
+│       └── test_mapbox.tsx         # NEW: MapBox examples
+```
+
+---
+
+## Notes
+
+- **Backward Compatibility**: All existing TSX files must continue to work
+- **Performance**: Lazy-load image metadata only when accessed
+- **Memory**: Cache parsed metadata to avoid re-reading files
+- **Web Debugger**: Should work without requiring Node.js (pure Ranger HTTP server)
+
+---
+
+## Priority Implementation Order
+
+Based on critical use cases (text overlays, image cropping, backgrounds), here is the recommended implementation order:
+
+### HIGH PRIORITY (Implement First)
+
+1. **Layer Element** (Phase 2.3)
+   - Essential for text overlays on images
+   - Background image + gradient overlay patterns
+   - Stacking multiple visual elements
+   - *Implementation:* Add Layer to component parser, update all renderers
+
+2. **Image viewBox** (Phase 2.4)
+   - Crop/zoom into specific image regions
+   - Portrait crop from landscape photos
+   - Focus on subjects without pre-processing images
+   - *Implementation:* Add viewBox parsing, calculate source rectangles
+
+3. **Background Images** (Phase 2.6)
+   - Views with background images
+   - Combined with viewBox for background cropping
+   - Essential for hero sections, cards, etc.
+   - *Implementation:* Add backgroundImage/backgroundViewBox attributes
+
+4. **Linear Gradients** (Phase 2.1)
+   - Gradient overlays for readability
+   - Visual effects and transitions
+   - *Implementation:* Parse gradient syntax, implement in PDF/Canvas
+
+### MEDIUM PRIORITY (Implement Second)
+
+5. **Image as Container** (Phase 2.5)
+   - Child elements overlay on images
+   - Alternative to Layer for simple cases
+   - *Implementation:* Handle Image children as overlay layer
+
+6. **Radial Gradients** (Phase 2.2)
+   - Spotlight/vignette effects
+   - *Implementation:* Similar to linear but with radial math
+
+7. **Web Debugger** (Phase 1)
+   - Interactive preview without PDF export
+   - Layout debugging tools
+   - *Implementation:* HTML/CSS renderer, debug server
+
+### LOWER PRIORITY (Implement Later)
+
+8. **Element IDs** (Phase 3)
+   - Debugging and referencing
+   - *Implementation:* Auto-generate or parse id attribute
+
+9. **Image Metadata** (Phase 4)
+   - EXIF, GPS extraction
+   - Context for templates
+   - *Implementation:* Enhance JPEG parser
+
+10. **MapBox Component** (Phase 5)
+    - GPS-based image positioning
+    - *Implementation:* MapBox API integration
+
+---
+
+## Quick Start Examples
+
+### Text on Image (Layer + Background)
+```tsx
+<View width="600px" height="400px" backgroundImage="sunset.jpg" backgroundSize="cover">
+  <Layer background="linear-gradient(to top, rgba(0,0,0,0.7), transparent)">
+    <View verticalAlign="bottom" padding="20px">
+      <Label fontSize="28px" color="white" fontWeight="bold">Beautiful Sunset</Label>
+      <Label fontSize="14px" color="white" opacity="0.8">Location: Finland</Label>
+    </View>
+  </Layer>
+</View>
+```
+
+### Cropped Portrait Image
+```tsx
+<Image 
+  src="landscape_photo.jpg" 
+  width="200px" 
+  height="300px"
+  viewBox="25% 10% 50% 80%"
+/>
+```
+
+### Image Gallery Card
+```tsx
+<View width="300px" height="200px" borderRadius="10px" overflow="hidden">
+  <Image src="photo.jpg" width="100%" height="100%" viewBox="10% 0% 80% 100%">
+    <View position="absolute" bottom="0" width="100%" background="rgba(0,0,0,0.6)" padding="10px">
+      <Label color="white">Photo Title</Label>
+    </View>
+  </Image>
+</View>
+```