quickwin 1.2.1 → 2.0.0

package/test/bench_sendmessage_nonnull.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,188 @@
+// 一次性性能 bench：FFI 签名 '!' 标注的调用时 0 检验成本（同函数多臂对照 + A/A 噪声底）
+// 不入 CI。用法：make js 后 POST /exec {"cmd":"qwin.exe test/bench_sendmessage_nonnull.js"}
+// 臂（同一 proc 各自 bind，唯一变量是 '!'）：
+//   A1 base '<HWND>ptr u32 <>ptr <>ptr -> <>ptr'      基线
+//   A2 ctrl '<HWND>ptr u32 <>ptr <>ptr -> <>ptr'      与 A1 完全同签名——两臂差值 = 机器噪声底
+//   B arg!  '<HWND>ptr! u32 <>ptr <>ptr -> <>ptr'     + 参数位 arg#1 0 检查
+//   C ret!  '<HWND>ptr! u32 <>ptr <>ptr -> <>ptr!'    + 返回位 0 检查（仅非零返回场景）
+// 方法学（前两轮教训）：批量缩到 50k/样本 → 臂序每 ~650ms 轮转一次，抵消 QEMU 调度抖动；
+// S1/S3 各臂 30 样本取 median（对 GC/调度离群稳健）；A2-A1 是效应检验的参照带——
+// B/A 落在 A2/A 带内即「低于噪声底，不可测」。'!' 边际 = 每标注位 1 次整数 === 比较
+// （endsWith 无条件跑、所有臂共模），理论 ≪ 轮噪声。
+// C 臂标了返回 '!'，撞真实 0 即 throw —— 先用 A1 探各场景原始返回值，非零才让 C 进。
+// 全部消息发自有窗口（直调 wndproc）。结束必须 DestroyWindow + std.exit。
+import * as std from 'std'
+import * as gui from 'gui'
+import { bind, WCHAR } from '../lib/ffi/bind.js'
+import { PtrArrayBuffer } from '../lib/ffi/ctype.js'
+
+const BATCH = 50_000      // 每样本批量（~650ms）——小批量快轮转，去相关调度抖动
+const ROUNDS = 30         // S1/S3 每臂样本数（30 × 3-4 臂 ≈ 60-80s/suite）
+const N_S2 = 50_000
+const ROUNDS_S2 = 7
+const WM_NULL = 0x0000
+const WM_SETTEXT = 0x000c
+const WM_GETTEXT = 0x000d
+
+// median（离群稳健）供 micro 与 suite 共用
+const med = (t: number[]): number => {
+    const s = [...t].sort((x, y) => x - y)
+    const m = s.length >> 1
+    return s.length % 2 ? s[m]! : (s[m - 1]! + s[m]!) / 2
+}
+
+// S0：'!' 边际操作本身（1 次整数 === 比较 + 分支）的解释器成本——FFI 层噪声
+// ±400~900ns/call 盖住了 12.5μs 调用上的 ns 级效应，这里绕开 ffiCall 直接量单检查。
+// flag 必须是模块级可变量：QuickJS 编译期会常量折叠字面量，折叠掉就测不到了。
+let microFlag = true
+const MICRO_N = 100_000_000
+function microLoop(): number {
+    const t0 = Date.now()
+    let hits = 0
+    for (let i = 0; i < MICRO_N; i++)
+        if (microFlag && i === 0) hits++
+    const dt = Date.now() - t0
+    if (hits !== (microFlag ? 1 : 0)) throw new Error('micro sanity failed: hits=' + hits)
+    return dt
+}
+function microSuite(): void {
+    step('suite: S0 micro 0-check interpreter cost (n=' + String(MICRO_N) + ')')
+    microFlag = true; microLoop()
+    microFlag = false; microLoop()
+    const ts: number[] = []
+    const fs: number[] = []
+    for (let r = 0; r < 5; r++) {
+        // 奇偶交叉起跑顺序（同原 bench 方法）
+        if (r % 2 === 0) {
+            microFlag = true; ts.push(microLoop())
+            microFlag = false; fs.push(microLoop())
+        } else {
+            microFlag = false; fs.push(microLoop())
+            microFlag = true; ts.push(microLoop())
+        }
+        step('  round ' + String(r) + ': check=' + String(ts[ts.length - 1]) +
+            'ms base=' + String(fs[fs.length - 1]) + 'ms')
+    }
+    const ns = (ms: number) => (ms * 1e6 / MICRO_N).toFixed(2)
+    const tmed = med(ts), fmed = med(fs)
+    step('  ** median: check=' + ns(tmed) + 'ns/op base=' + ns(fmed) +
+        'ns/op  ==> per-check cost=' + ((tmed - fmed) * 1e6 / MICRO_N).toFixed(2) + 'ns')
+}
+
+// 文件日志（cwd=Z:\quickwin，宿主机 _build/bench_nonnull_log.txt 可实时读）——exec 只在
+// 进程退出后回包，挂了靠它定位卡点
+const log = std.open('bench_nonnull_log.txt', 'w')
+function step(msg: string): void {
+    std.printf('%s\n', msg)
+    if (log) { log.puts(msg + '\n'); log.flush() }
+}
+
+step('stage: imports ok')
+
+const winRaw = gui.CreateWindow('STATIC', 'bench-title', 0, 0, 0, 20, 20, null, null)
+if (!winRaw) throw new Error('CreateWindow(STATIC) failed')
+const win: gui.HWND = winRaw
+step('stage: window created')
+
+const SIG = '<HWND>ptr u32 <>ptr <>ptr -> <>ptr'
+const fA1 = bind('user32.dll', 'SendMessageW', SIG)
+const fA2 = bind('user32.dll', 'SendMessageW', SIG)   // A/A 对照：同签名二绑 = 噪声底
+const fB = bind('user32.dll', 'SendMessageW', '<HWND>ptr! u32 <>ptr <>ptr -> <>ptr')
+const fC = bind('user32.dll', 'SendMessageW', '<HWND>ptr! u32 <>ptr <>ptr -> <>ptr!')
+
+// 各 BindFn 结构等价 → 收敛到一个可传参的函数型（循环内统一走局部参数，开销对齐）
+type SM = (h: gui.HWND, msg: number, w: number, l: number) => number
+
+const TEXT = 'bench'
+const buf = new PtrArrayBuffer<'WCHAR'>(64)
+
+// C 臂可行性探针：A1 读各场景原始返回值，撞 0 的场景不进 C（'!' 会 throw）。
+// S1 的 WM_NULL 走 DefWindowProc 预期返 0 → C 不进 S1 是预期而非缺测。
+const retS1 = fA1(win, WM_NULL, 0, 0x1234)
+const retS2 = fA1(win, WM_SETTEXT, 0, WCHAR.encode(TEXT).ptr)
+const retS3 = fA1(win, WM_GETTEXT, 64, buf.ptr)
+step('probe ret: S1=' + String(retS1) + ' S2=' + String(retS2) + ' S3=' + String(retS3) +
+    '  (C arm only enters nonzero scenes)')
+
+function run1(f: SM): number {
+    const t0 = Date.now()
+    for (let i = 0; i < BATCH; i++) f(win, WM_NULL, 0, 0x1234)
+    return Date.now() - t0
+}
+function run2(f: SM): number {
+    const t0 = Date.now()
+    for (let i = 0; i < N_S2; i++) {
+        const w = WCHAR.encode(TEXT)
+        f(win, WM_SETTEXT, 0, w.ptr)
+    }
+    return Date.now() - t0
+}
+function run3(f: SM): number {
+    const t0 = Date.now()
+    for (let i = 0; i < BATCH; i++) f(win, WM_GETTEXT, 64, buf.ptr)
+    return Date.now() - t0
+}
+
+type Arm = { label: string; fn: () => number }
+
+function suite(name: string, n: number, rounds: number, arms: Arm[]): void {
+    step('suite: ' + name + ' warmup')
+    for (const a of arms) a.fn()   // 预热各 1 轮
+    const times: number[][] = arms.map(() => [])
+    for (let r = 0; r < rounds; r++) {
+        // 臂序按 r 轮转起跑，抵消顺序性偏置（温度/调度漂移）
+        for (let k = 0; k < arms.length; k++) {
+            const i = (r + k) % arms.length
+            times[i]!.push(arms[i]!.fn())
+        }
+    }
+    // 每轮原始数据只 dump 前 3 轮（30 轮全打没意义，log 只留诊断线索）
+    for (let r = 0; r < Math.min(rounds, 3); r++) {
+        step('  round ' + String(r) + ': ' +
+            arms.map((a, i) => a.label + '=' + String(times[i]![r]) + 'ms').join('  '))
+    }
+    const ns = (ms: number) => (ms * 1e6 / n).toFixed(1)
+    // median 是主指标（离群稳健）；min 留作与前两轮/原 bench 的可比项
+    const meds = times.map(med)
+    const mins = times.map(t => Math.min(...t))
+    step('  ** median: ' + arms.map((a, i) =>
+        a.label + '=' + ns(meds[i]!) + 'ns').join(' | '))
+    step('     min:    ' + arms.map((a, i) =>
+        a.label + '=' + ns(mins[i]!) + 'ns').join(' | '))
+    for (let i = 1; i < arms.length; i++)
+        step('      vs A1: ' + arms[i]!.label + ' delta=' +
+            ((meds[i]! - meds[0]!) * 1e6 / n).toFixed(1) + 'ns/call (median), ' +
+            ((mins[i]! - mins[0]!) * 1e6 / n).toFixed(1) + 'ns/call (min)' +
+            (i === 1 ? '   <-- A2-A1 = NOISE FLOOR' : ''))
+}
+
+const s1Arms: Arm[] = [
+    { label: 'A1', fn: () => run1(fA1) },
+    { label: 'A2', fn: () => run1(fA2) },
+    { label: 'B ', fn: () => run1(fB) },
+]
+if (retS1 !== 0) s1Arms.push({ label: 'C ', fn: () => run1(fC) })
+const s2Arms: Arm[] = [
+    { label: 'A1', fn: () => run2(fA1) },
+    { label: 'A2', fn: () => run2(fA2) },
+    { label: 'B ', fn: () => run2(fB) },
+]
+if (retS2 !== 0) s2Arms.push({ label: 'C ', fn: () => run2(fC) })
+const s3Arms: Arm[] = [
+    { label: 'A1', fn: () => run3(fA1) },
+    { label: 'A2', fn: () => run3(fA2) },
+    { label: 'B ', fn: () => run3(fB) },
+]
+if (retS3 !== 0) s3Arms.push({ label: 'C ', fn: () => run3(fC) })
+
+step('bench_sendmessage_nonnull: S1/S3 batch=' + String(BATCH) + '×' + String(ROUNDS) +
+    'r, S2 n=' + String(N_S2) + '×' + String(ROUNDS_S2) + 'r (median 主指标)')
+microSuite()
+suite('S1 WM_NULL  纯数字参数 (最灵敏测点)', BATCH, ROUNDS, s1Arms)
+suite('S2 WM_SETTEXT  字符串 lParam (FFI 侧含 WCHAR.encode)', N_S2, ROUNDS_S2, s2Arms)
+suite('S3 WM_GETTEXT  缓冲出参往返', BATCH, ROUNDS, s3Arms)
+
+gui.DestroyWindow(win)
+step('DONE')
+if (log) log.close()
+std.exit(0)

package/test/run.js

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import '../lib/certs.js';
 import * as std from 'std';
 import { Tester } from './test_helper.js';
 function formatDuration(ms) {
@@ -23,6 +24,12 @@ const suiteDefs = [
     { name: 'mupdf-twice', file: './test_mupdf_twice.js', tags: ['wasm', 'mupdf'] },
     { name: 'mupdf-render', file: './test_mupdf_render.js', tags: ['wasm', 'mupdf'] },
     { name: 'ffi', file: './test_ffi.js', tags: [] },
+    { name: 'ffi-bind', file: './test_ffi_bind.js', tags: [] },
+    { name: 'ffi-struct', file: './test_ffi_struct.js', tags: [] },
+    { name: 'ffi-struct-layout', file: './test_ffi_struct_layout.js', tags: [] },
+    { name: 'ffi-abi', file: './test_ffi_abi.js', tags: [] },
+    { name: 'ffi-user32', file: './test_ffi_user32.js', tags: [] },
+    { name: 'ffi-windows', file: './test_ffi_windows.js', tags: [] },
     { name: 'net-fetch', file: './test_net_fetch.js', tags: ['net'] },
     { name: 'net-wolfssl-read', file: './test_wolfssl_read.js', tags: ['net'] },
     { name: 'net-websocket', file: './test_net_websocket.js', tags: ['net'] },
@@ -45,7 +52,7 @@ async function main() {
     if (filter)
         std.printf('Filter: %s\n', filter);
     const results = [];
-    let totalOk = 0, totalFail = 0;
+    let totalOk = 0, totalFail = 0, totalSkip = 0;
     for (const def of suiteDefs) {
         if (filter) {
             if (filter.startsWith('-')) {
@@ -79,16 +86,19 @@ async function main() {
         }
         const suiteElapsed = Date.now() - suiteStart;
         t.summary();
-        results.push({ name: def.name, ok: t.ok, fail: t.fail, elapsed: suiteElapsed });
+        results.push({ name: def.name, ok: t.ok, fail: t.fail, skip: t.skip, elapsed: suiteElapsed });
         totalOk += t.ok;
         totalFail += t.fail;
+        totalSkip += t.skip;
     }
     const color = totalFail > 0 ? RED : GREEN;
     std.printf('\n%s====== Test Results ======%s\n', BOLD, RESET);
     for (const r of results) {
         const c = r.fail > 0 ? RED : GREEN;
-        std.printf('  %s%-18s %s%d/%d passed  %s(%s)%s\n', c, r.name, RESET, r.ok, r.ok + r.fail, c, formatDuration(r.elapsed), RESET);
+        const skipped = r.skip > 0 ? ` (${r.skip} skipped)` : '';
+        std.printf('  %s%-18s %s%d/%d passed%s  %s(%s)%s\n', c, r.name, RESET, r.ok, r.ok + r.fail, skipped, c, formatDuration(r.elapsed), RESET);
     }
-    std.printf('%s====== Summary: %d/%d passed ======%s\n', color, totalOk, totalOk + totalFail, RESET);
+    const skipped = totalSkip > 0 ? ` (${totalSkip} skipped)` : '';
+    std.printf('%s====== Summary: %d/%d passed%s ======%s\n', color, totalOk, totalOk + totalFail, skipped, RESET);
 }
 main();

package/test/run.ts

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import '../lib/certs.js'
 import * as std from 'std'
 import { Tester } from './test_helper.js'
 
@@ -27,6 +28,12 @@ const suiteDefs = [
     { name: 'mupdf-twice',       file: './test_mupdf_twice.js',      tags: ['wasm', 'mupdf'] },
     { name: 'mupdf-render',      file: './test_mupdf_render.js',     tags: ['wasm', 'mupdf'] },
     { name: 'ffi',               file: './test_ffi.js',              tags: [] },
+    { name: 'ffi-bind',          file: './test_ffi_bind.js',         tags: [] },
+    { name: 'ffi-struct',        file: './test_ffi_struct.js',       tags: [] },
+    { name: 'ffi-struct-layout', file: './test_ffi_struct_layout.js', tags: [] },
+    { name: 'ffi-abi',           file: './test_ffi_abi.js',          tags: [] },
+    { name: 'ffi-user32',        file: './test_ffi_user32.js',       tags: [] },
+    { name: 'ffi-windows',       file: './test_ffi_windows.js',      tags: [] },
     { name: 'net-fetch',         file: './test_net_fetch.js',        tags: ['net'] },
     { name: 'net-wolfssl-read',   file: './test_wolfssl_read.js',     tags: ['net'] },
     { name: 'net-websocket',     file: './test_net_websocket.js',    tags: ['net'] },
@@ -50,8 +57,8 @@ async function main(): Promise<void> {
     std.printf('%s====== QuickWin Test Runner ======%s\n', BOLD, RESET)
     if (filter) std.printf('Filter: %s\n', filter)
 
-    const results: { name: string, ok: number, fail: number, elapsed: number }[] = []
-    let totalOk = 0, totalFail = 0
+    const results: { name: string, ok: number, fail: number, skip: number, elapsed: number }[] = []
+    let totalOk = 0, totalFail = 0, totalSkip = 0
 
     for (const def of suiteDefs) {
         if (filter) {
@@ -82,18 +89,21 @@ async function main(): Promise<void> {
         }
         const suiteElapsed = Date.now() - suiteStart
         t.summary()
-        results.push({ name: def.name, ok: t.ok, fail: t.fail, elapsed: suiteElapsed })
+        results.push({ name: def.name, ok: t.ok, fail: t.fail, skip: t.skip, elapsed: suiteElapsed })
         totalOk += t.ok
         totalFail += t.fail
+        totalSkip += t.skip
     }
 
     const color = totalFail > 0 ? RED : GREEN
     std.printf('\n%s====== Test Results ======%s\n', BOLD, RESET)
     for (const r of results) {
         const c = r.fail > 0 ? RED : GREEN
-        std.printf('  %s%-18s %s%d/%d passed  %s(%s)%s\n', c, r.name, RESET, r.ok, r.ok + r.fail, c, formatDuration(r.elapsed), RESET)
+        const skipped = r.skip > 0 ? ` (${r.skip} skipped)` : ''
+        std.printf('  %s%-18s %s%d/%d passed%s  %s(%s)%s\n', c, r.name, RESET, r.ok, r.ok + r.fail, skipped, c, formatDuration(r.elapsed), RESET)
     }
-    std.printf('%s====== Summary: %d/%d passed ======%s\n', color, totalOk, totalOk + totalFail, RESET)
+    const skipped = totalSkip > 0 ? ` (${totalSkip} skipped)` : ''
+    std.printf('%s====== Summary: %d/%d passed%s ======%s\n', color, totalOk, totalOk + totalFail, skipped, RESET)
 }
 
 main()

package/test/test_basic_fetch.js

@@ -30,5 +30,13 @@ export const suite = {
             const body = await r.text();
             assert('body = hello from test server', body === 'hello from test server');
         }
+        t.section('fetch chunked response with Trailer');
+        {
+            const r = await fetch(URL127 + 'trailer');
+            assert('status 200', r.status === 200);
+            assert('trailer declared', (r.headers.get('trailer') || '').toLowerCase() === 'x-checksum');
+            const body = await r.text();
+            assert('body decoded without trailer footer', body === 'chunkA/chunkB');
+        }
     }
 };

package/test/test_basic_fetch.ts

@@ -29,5 +29,14 @@ export const suite = {
             const body = await r.text()
             assert('body = hello from test server', body === 'hello from test server')
         }
+
+        t.section('fetch chunked response with Trailer')
+        {
+            const r = await fetch(URL127 + 'trailer')
+            assert('status 200', r.status === 200)
+            assert('trailer declared', (r.headers.get('trailer') || '').toLowerCase() === 'x-checksum')
+            const body = await r.text()
+            assert('body decoded without trailer footer', body === 'chunkA/chunkB')
+        }
     }
 }

package/test/test_ffi.js

@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@ import * as std from 'std';
 import * as win from 'win';
 import * as ffi from 'ffi';
 import * as os from 'os';
+import { bind, bindLib } from '../lib/ffi/bind.js';
+import { NULL, PtrArrayBuffer } from '../lib/ffi/ctype.js';
 const MAX_WCHARS = 4096;
 function decodeWideAtPtr(ptr) {
     if (!ptr)
@@ -78,49 +80,28 @@ export const suite = {
         t.checkTrue('GetProcAddress("EnumPrintersW") succeeds', enumPrinters !== null);
         if (!enumPrinters)
             return;
+        const { EnumPrintersW } = bindLib('winspool.drv', {
+            EnumPrintersW: 'u32 <>ptr u32 <BYTE>ptr u32 <BYTE>ptr <BYTE>ptr -> i32',
+        });
         const flags = 0x06;
         const level = 2;
-        const neededBuf = new Uint32Array(new ArrayBuffer(4));
-        const returnedBuf = new Uint32Array(new ArrayBuffer(4));
-        const ret1 = ffi.ffiCall(enumPrinters, [
-            ffi.FFI_TYPE_UINT32,
-            ffi.FFI_TYPE_POINTER,
-            ffi.FFI_TYPE_UINT32,
-            ffi.FFI_TYPE_POINTER,
-            ffi.FFI_TYPE_UINT32,
-            ffi.FFI_TYPE_POINTER,
-            ffi.FFI_TYPE_POINTER,
-        ], [
-            flags,
-            null,
-            level,
-            null,
-            0,
-            neededBuf.buffer,
-            returnedBuf.buffer,
-        ], ffi.FFI_TYPE_SINT32);
+        const neededB = new PtrArrayBuffer(4);
+        const neededBuf = new Uint32Array(neededB);
+        const returnedB = new PtrArrayBuffer(4);
+        const returnedBuf = new Uint32Array(returnedB);
+        const ret1 = EnumPrintersW(flags, NULL, level, NULL, 0, neededB, returnedB);
         std.printf('  first call: ret=%d needed=%d returned=%d\n', ret1, neededBuf[0], returnedBuf[0]);
-        t.checkTrue('pcbNeeded > 0', neededBuf[0] > 0);
-        if (neededBuf[0] <= 0)
+        if (neededBuf[0] > 0) {
+            t.checkTrue('pcbNeeded > 0', neededBuf[0] > 0);
+        }
+        else {
+            // 无打印机环境（CI VM）EnumPrintersW 的 pcbNeeded 为 0，属环境差异非缺陷，
+            // 记 SKIP 而非 FAIL，CI 无需再对 ffi 用例做失败容忍。
+            t.skipCase('pcbNeeded > 0 (no printers on this VM)');
             return;
-        const printerBuf = new ArrayBuffer(neededBuf[0]);
-        const ret2 = ffi.ffiCall(enumPrinters, [
-            ffi.FFI_TYPE_UINT32,
-            ffi.FFI_TYPE_POINTER,
-            ffi.FFI_TYPE_UINT32,
-            ffi.FFI_TYPE_POINTER,
-            ffi.FFI_TYPE_UINT32,
-            ffi.FFI_TYPE_POINTER,
-            ffi.FFI_TYPE_POINTER,
-        ], [
-            flags,
-            null,
-            level,
-            printerBuf,
-            neededBuf[0],
-            neededBuf.buffer,
-            returnedBuf.buffer,
-        ], ffi.FFI_TYPE_SINT32);
+        }
+        const printerBuf = new PtrArrayBuffer(neededBuf[0]);
+        const ret2 = EnumPrintersW(flags, NULL, level, printerBuf, neededBuf[0], neededB, returnedB);
         t.checkTrue('EnumPrintersW succeeds', ret2 !== 0);
         if (ret2 === 0)
             return;
@@ -159,14 +140,19 @@ export const suite = {
         else {
             std.printf('  no printers installed (skip)\n');
         }
-        t.section('pointer arg type check');
-        let threw = false;
-        try {
-            ffi.ffiCall(enumPrinters, [ffi.FFI_TYPE_POINTER], [123], ffi.FFI_TYPE_VOID);
-        }
-        catch (e) {
-            threw = true;
+        t.section('PTR accepts raw number handles (XP 32-bit fix)');
+        const hUser32 = win.LoadLibrary('user32.dll');
+        t.checkTrue('LoadLibrary("user32.dll") succeeds', hUser32 !== null);
+        if (hUser32) {
+            const getDC = win.GetProcAddress(hUser32, 'GetDC');
+            t.checkTrue('GetProcAddress("GetDC") succeeds', getDC !== null);
+            if (getDC) {
+                const GetDC = bind('user32.dll', 'GetDC', '<>ptr -> <>ptr');
+                const screenDc = GetDC(0);
+                t.checkTrue('PTR slot takes number (NULL hwnd) and returns a DC handle', screenDc !== 0);
+                const bogus = GetDC(0x12345678);
+                t.checkTrue('PTR slot takes non-zero number without throwing', bogus === 0);
+            }
         }
-        t.checkTrue('non-ArrayBuffer pointer arg throws TypeError', threw);
     }
 };

package/test/test_ffi.ts

@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@ import * as std from 'std'
 import * as win from 'win'
 import * as ffi from 'ffi'
 import * as os from 'os'
+import { bind, bindLib } from '../lib/ffi/bind.js'
+import { NULL, PtrArrayBuffer } from '../lib/ffi/ctype.js'
 import { Tester } from './test_helper.js'
 
 const MAX_WCHARS = 4096
@@ -81,59 +83,37 @@ export const suite = {
         t.checkTrue('GetProcAddress("EnumPrintersW") succeeds', enumPrinters !== null)
         if (!enumPrinters) return
 
+        const { EnumPrintersW } = bindLib('winspool.drv', {
+            EnumPrintersW: 'u32 <>ptr u32 <BYTE>ptr u32 <BYTE>ptr <BYTE>ptr -> i32',
+        })
+
         const flags = 0x06
         const level = 2
-        const neededBuf = new Uint32Array(new ArrayBuffer(4))
-        const returnedBuf = new Uint32Array(new ArrayBuffer(4))
+        const neededB = new PtrArrayBuffer(4)
+        const neededBuf = new Uint32Array(neededB)
+        const returnedB = new PtrArrayBuffer(4)
+        const returnedBuf = new Uint32Array(returnedB)
 
-        const ret1 = ffi.ffiCall(
-            enumPrinters,
-            [
-                ffi.FFI_TYPE_UINT32,
-                ffi.FFI_TYPE_POINTER,
-                ffi.FFI_TYPE_UINT32,
-                ffi.FFI_TYPE_POINTER,
-                ffi.FFI_TYPE_UINT32,
-                ffi.FFI_TYPE_POINTER,
-                ffi.FFI_TYPE_POINTER,
-            ],
-            [
-                flags,
-                null,
-                level,
-                null,
-                0,
-                neededBuf.buffer,
-                returnedBuf.buffer,
-            ],
-            ffi.FFI_TYPE_SINT32
-        )
+        const ret1 = EnumPrintersW(flags, NULL, level, NULL, 0, neededB, returnedB)
         std.printf('  first call: ret=%d needed=%d returned=%d\n', ret1, neededBuf[0], returnedBuf[0])
-        t.checkTrue('pcbNeeded > 0', neededBuf[0]! > 0)
-        if (neededBuf[0]! <= 0) return
+        if (neededBuf[0]! > 0) {
+            t.checkTrue('pcbNeeded > 0', neededBuf[0]! > 0)
+        } else {
+            // 无打印机环境（CI VM）EnumPrintersW 的 pcbNeeded 为 0，属环境差异非缺陷，
+            // 记 SKIP 而非 FAIL，CI 无需再对 ffi 用例做失败容忍。
+            t.skipCase('pcbNeeded > 0 (no printers on this VM)')
+            return
+        }
 
-        const printerBuf = new ArrayBuffer(neededBuf[0]!)
-        const ret2 = ffi.ffiCall(
-            enumPrinters,
-            [
-                ffi.FFI_TYPE_UINT32,
-                ffi.FFI_TYPE_POINTER,
-                ffi.FFI_TYPE_UINT32,
-                ffi.FFI_TYPE_POINTER,
-                ffi.FFI_TYPE_UINT32,
-                ffi.FFI_TYPE_POINTER,
-                ffi.FFI_TYPE_POINTER,
-            ],
-            [
-                flags,
-                null,
-                level,
-                printerBuf,
-                neededBuf[0]!,
-                neededBuf.buffer,
-                returnedBuf.buffer,
-            ],
-            ffi.FFI_TYPE_SINT32
+        const printerBuf = new PtrArrayBuffer(neededBuf[0]!)
+        const ret2 = EnumPrintersW(
+            flags,
+            NULL,
+            level,
+            printerBuf,
+            neededBuf[0]!,
+            neededB,
+            returnedB
         )
         t.checkTrue('EnumPrintersW succeeds', ret2 !== 0)
         if (ret2 === 0) return
@@ -173,18 +153,19 @@ export const suite = {
             std.printf('  no printers installed (skip)\n')
         }
 
-        t.section('pointer arg type check')
-        let threw = false
-        try {
-            ffi.ffiCall(
-                enumPrinters,
-                [ffi.FFI_TYPE_POINTER] as any,
-                [123] as any,
-                ffi.FFI_TYPE_VOID
-            )
-        } catch (e) {
-            threw = true
+        t.section('PTR accepts raw number handles (XP 32-bit fix)')
+        const hUser32 = win.LoadLibrary('user32.dll')
+        t.checkTrue('LoadLibrary("user32.dll") succeeds', hUser32 !== null)
+        if (hUser32) {
+            const getDC = win.GetProcAddress(hUser32, 'GetDC')
+            t.checkTrue('GetProcAddress("GetDC") succeeds', getDC !== null)
+            if (getDC) {
+                const GetDC = bind('user32.dll', 'GetDC', '<>ptr -> <>ptr')
+                const screenDc = GetDC(0)
+                t.checkTrue('PTR slot takes number (NULL hwnd) and returns a DC handle', screenDc !== 0)
+                const bogus = GetDC(0x12345678)
+                t.checkTrue('PTR slot takes non-zero number without throwing', bogus === 0)
+            }
         }
-        t.checkTrue('non-ArrayBuffer pointer arg throws TypeError', threw)
     }
 }