prebid.js 7.6.0 → 7.7.0

package/modules/jixieBidAdapter.js

@@ -28,14 +28,14 @@ function setIds_(clientId, sessionId) {
     let expC = (new Date(new Date().setFullYear(new Date().getFullYear() + 1))).toUTCString();
     let expS = (new Date(new Date().setMinutes(new Date().getMinutes() + sidTTLMins_))).toUTCString();
 
-    storage.setCookie('_jx', clientId, expC, 'None', null);
-    storage.setCookie('_jx', clientId, expC, 'None', dd);
+    storage.setCookie('_jxx', clientId, expC, 'None', null);
+    storage.setCookie('_jxx', clientId, expC, 'None', dd);
 
-    storage.setCookie('_jxs', sessionId, expS, 'None', null);
-    storage.setCookie('_jxs', sessionId, expS, 'None', dd);
+    storage.setCookie('_jxxs', sessionId, expS, 'None', null);
+    storage.setCookie('_jxxs', sessionId, expS, 'None', dd);
 
-    storage.setDataInLocalStorage('_jx', clientId);
-    storage.setDataInLocalStorage('_jxs', sessionId);
+    storage.setDataInLocalStorage('_jxx', clientId);
+    storage.setDataInLocalStorage('_jxxs', sessionId);
   } catch (error) {}
 }
 
@@ -47,14 +47,14 @@ function fetchIds_() {
     session_id_ls: ''
   };
   try {
-    let tmp = storage.getCookie('_jx');
+    let tmp = storage.getCookie('_jxx');
     if (tmp) ret.client_id_c = tmp;
-    tmp = storage.getCookie('_jxs');
+    tmp = storage.getCookie('_jxxs');
     if (tmp) ret.session_id_c = tmp;
 
-    tmp = storage.getDataFromLocalStorage('_jx');
+    tmp = storage.getDataFromLocalStorage('_jxx');
     if (tmp) ret.client_id_ls = tmp;
-    tmp = storage.getDataFromLocalStorage('_jxs');
+    tmp = storage.getDataFromLocalStorage('_jxxs');
     if (tmp) ret.session_id_ls = tmp;
   } catch (error) {}
   return ret;

package/modules/naveggIdSystem.js

@@ -34,17 +34,6 @@ function readnavIDFromCookie() {
   return storage.cookiesAreEnabled ? (storage.findSimilarCookies('nav') ? storage.findSimilarCookies('nav')[0] : null) : null;
 }
 
-function readnvgnavFromLocalStorage() {
-  var i;
-  const query = /[nvga]{3}\d+/;
-  for (i in window.localStorage) {
-    if (i.match(query) || (!query && typeof i === 'string')) {
-      const naveggId = storage.getDataFromLocalStorage(i.match(query).input).split('|')[0]
-      return naveggId.split('_')[0];
-    }
-  }
-}
-
 /** @type {Submodule} */
 export const naveggIdSubmodule = {
   /**
@@ -73,7 +62,7 @@ export const naveggIdSubmodule = {
   getId() {
     let naveggIdStringFromLocalStorage = null;
     if (storage.localStorageIsEnabled) {
-      naveggIdStringFromLocalStorage = readnaveggIdFromLocalStorage() || readnvgnavFromLocalStorage();
+      naveggIdStringFromLocalStorage = readnaveggIdFromLocalStorage();
     }
 
     const naveggIdString = naveggIdStringFromLocalStorage || readnaveggIDFromCookie() || readoldnaveggIDFromCookie() || readnvgIDFromCookie() || readnavIDFromCookie();

package/modules/nextMillenniumBidAdapter.md

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 ```
 Module Name: NextMillennium Bid Adapter
 Module Type: Bidder Adapter
-Maintainer: mihail.ivanchenko@nextmillennium.io
+Maintainer: accountmanagers@nextmillennium.io
 ```
 
 # Description

package/modules/onetagBidAdapter.js

@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
 'use strict';
 
-import {BANNER, VIDEO} from '../src/mediaTypes.js';
-import {INSTREAM, OUTSTREAM} from '../src/video.js';
-import {Renderer} from '../src/Renderer.js';
+import { BANNER, VIDEO } from '../src/mediaTypes.js';
+import { INSTREAM, OUTSTREAM } from '../src/video.js';
+import { Renderer } from '../src/Renderer.js';
 import {find} from '../src/polyfill.js';
-import {getStorageManager} from '../src/storageManager.js';
-import {registerBidder} from '../src/adapters/bidderFactory.js';
-import {createEidsArray} from './userId/eids.js';
-import {deepClone} from '../src/utils.js';
+import { getStorageManager } from '../src/storageManager.js';
+import { registerBidder } from '../src/adapters/bidderFactory.js';
+import { createEidsArray } from './userId/eids.js';
+import { deepClone, logError, deepAccess } from '../src/utils.js';
 
 const ENDPOINT = 'https://onetag-sys.com/prebid-request';
 const USER_SYNC_ENDPOINT = 'https://onetag-sys.com/usync/';
@@ -68,6 +68,9 @@ function buildRequests(validBidRequests, bidderRequest) {
   if (validBidRequests && validBidRequests.length !== 0 && validBidRequests[0].userId) {
     payload.userId = createEidsArray(validBidRequests[0].userId);
   }
+  if (validBidRequests && validBidRequests.length !== 0 && validBidRequests[0].schain && isSchainValid(validBidRequests[0].schain)) {
+    payload.schain = validBidRequests[0].schain;
+  }
   try {
     if (storage.hasLocalStorage()) {
       payload.onetagSid = storage.getDataFromLocalStorage('onetag_sid');
@@ -245,6 +248,7 @@ function requestsToBids(bidRequests) {
     // Other params
     videoObj['mediaTypeInfo'] = deepClone(bidRequest.mediaTypes.video);
     videoObj['type'] = VIDEO;
+    videoObj['priceFloors'] = getBidFloor(bidRequest, VIDEO, videoObj['playerSize']);
     return videoObj;
   });
   const bannerBidRequests = bidRequests.filter(bidRequest => isValid(BANNER, bidRequest)).map(bidRequest => {
@@ -253,6 +257,7 @@ function requestsToBids(bidRequests) {
     bannerObj['sizes'] = parseSizes(bidRequest);
     bannerObj['type'] = BANNER;
     bannerObj['mediaTypeInfo'] = deepClone(bidRequest.mediaTypes.banner);
+    bannerObj['priceFloors'] = getBidFloor(bidRequest, BANNER, bannerObj['sizes']);
     return bannerObj;
   });
   return videoBidRequests.concat(bannerBidRequests);
@@ -265,6 +270,7 @@ function setGeneralInfo(bidRequest) {
   this['bidderRequestId'] = bidRequest.bidderRequestId;
   this['auctionId'] = bidRequest.auctionId;
   this['transactionId'] = bidRequest.transactionId;
+  this['gpid'] = deepAccess(bidRequest, 'ortb2Imp.ext.gpid') || deepAccess(bidRequest, 'ortb2Imp.ext.data.pbadslot');
   this['pubId'] = params.pubId;
   this['ext'] = params.ext;
   if (params.pubClick) {
@@ -373,6 +379,37 @@ function getUserSyncs(syncOptions, serverResponses, gdprConsent, uspConsent) {
   return syncs;
 }
 
+function getBidFloor(bidRequest, mediaType, sizes) {
+  const priceFloors = [];
+  if (typeof bidRequest.getFloor === 'function') {
+    sizes.forEach(size => {
+      const floor = bidRequest.getFloor({
+        currency: 'EUR',
+        mediaType: mediaType || '*',
+        size: [size.width, size.height]
+      });
+      floor.size = deepClone(size);
+      if (!floor.floor) { floor.floor = null; }
+      priceFloors.push(floor);
+    });
+  }
+  return priceFloors;
+}
+
+export function isSchainValid(schain) {
+  let isValid = false;
+  const requiredFields = ['asi', 'sid', 'hp'];
+  if (!schain || !schain.nodes) return isValid;
+  isValid = schain.nodes.reduce((status, node) => {
+    if (!status) return status;
+    return requiredFields.every(field => node.hasOwnProperty(field));
+  }, true);
+  if (!isValid) {
+    logError('OneTag: required schain params missing');
+  }
+  return isValid;
+}
+
 export const spec = {
   code: BIDDER_CODE,
   gvlid: GVLID,

package/modules/prebidServerBidAdapter/index.js

@@ -984,6 +984,13 @@ Object.assign(ORTB2.prototype, {
           });
           bidObject.requestTimestamp = this.requestTimestamp;
           bidObject.cpm = cpm;
+          if (bid?.ext?.prebid?.meta?.adaptercode) {
+            bidObject.adapterCode = bid.ext.prebid.meta.adaptercode;
+          } else if (bidRequest?.bidder) {
+            bidObject.adapterCode = bidRequest.bidder;
+          } else {
+            bidObject.adapterCode = seatbid.seat;
+          }
 
           // temporarily leaving attaching it to each bidResponse so no breaking change
           // BUT: this is a flat map, so it should be only attached to bidderRequest, a the change above does

package/modules/rubiconBidAdapter.js

@@ -320,6 +320,11 @@ export const spec = {
       // set ext.prebid.auctiontimestamp using auction time
       deepSetValue(data.imp[0], 'ext.prebid.auctiontimestamp', bidderRequest.auctionStart);
 
+      // set storedrequests to undefined so not sent to PBS
+      // top level and imp level both 'ext.prebid' objects are set above so no exception thrown here
+      data.ext.prebid.storedrequest = undefined;
+      data.imp[0].ext.prebid.storedrequest = undefined;
+
       return {
         method: 'POST',
         url: `https://${rubiConf.videoHost || 'prebid-server'}.rubiconproject.com/openrtb2/auction`,

package/modules/seedingAllianceBidAdapter.js

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import { _map, deepSetValue, isEmpty, deepAccess } from '../src/utils.js';
 import { config } from '../src/config.js';
 
 const BIDDER_CODE = 'seedingAlliance';
+const GVL_ID = 371;
 const DEFAULT_CUR = 'EUR';
 const ENDPOINT_URL = 'https://b.nativendo.de/cds/rtb/bid?format=openrtb2.5&ssp=pb';
 
@@ -52,6 +53,8 @@ const NATIVE_PARAMS = {
 export const spec = {
   code: BIDDER_CODE,
 
+  gvlid: GVL_ID,
+
   supportedMediaTypes: [NATIVE],
 
   isBidRequestValid: function(bid) {

package/modules/targetVideoBidAdapter.js

@@ -42,6 +42,24 @@ export const spec = {
       },
       schain: schain
     };
+
+    if (bidderRequest && bidderRequest.gdprConsent) {
+      payload.gdpr_consent = {
+        consent_string: bidderRequest.gdprConsent.consentString,
+        consent_required: bidderRequest.gdprConsent.gdprApplies
+      };
+
+      if (bidderRequest.gdprConsent.addtlConsent && bidderRequest.gdprConsent.addtlConsent.indexOf('~') !== -1) {
+        let ac = bidderRequest.gdprConsent.addtlConsent;
+        let acStr = ac.substring(ac.indexOf('~') + 1);
+        payload.gdpr_consent.addtl_consent = acStr.split('.').map(id => parseInt(id, 10));
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (bidderRequest && bidderRequest.uspConsent) {
+      payload.us_privacy = bidderRequest.uspConsent
+    }
+
     return formatRequest(payload, bidderRequest);
   },
 

package/modules/userId/index.js

@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ import {
   isEmpty
 } from '../../src/utils.js';
 import {getPPID as coreGetPPID} from '../../src/adserver.js';
-import {promiseControls} from '../../src/utils/promise.js';
+import {defer, GreedyPromise} from '../../src/utils/promise.js';
 import {hasPurpose1Consent} from '../../src/utils/gpdr.js';
 
 const MODULE_NAME = 'User ID';
@@ -504,15 +504,11 @@ function addIdDataToAdUnitBids(adUnits, submodules) {
   });
 }
 
-function delayFor(ms) {
-  return new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, ms));
-}
-
 const INIT_CANCELED = {};
 
-function idSystemInitializer({delay = delayFor} = {}) {
-  const startInit = promiseControls();
-  const startCallbacks = promiseControls();
+function idSystemInitializer({delay = GreedyPromise.timeout} = {}) {
+  const startInit = defer();
+  const startCallbacks = defer();
   let cancel;
   let initialized = false;
 
@@ -520,8 +516,8 @@ function idSystemInitializer({delay = delayFor} = {}) {
     if (cancel != null) {
       cancel.reject(INIT_CANCELED);
     }
-    cancel = promiseControls();
-    return Promise.race([promise, cancel.promise]);
+    cancel = defer();
+    return GreedyPromise.race([promise, cancel.promise]);
   }
 
   // grab a reference to global vars so that the promise chains remain isolated;
@@ -540,7 +536,7 @@ function idSystemInitializer({delay = delayFor} = {}) {
   }
 
   let done = cancelAndTry(
-    Promise.all([hooksReady, startInit.promise])
+    GreedyPromise.all([hooksReady, startInit.promise])
       .then(() => gdprDataHandler.promise)
       .then(checkRefs((consentData) => {
         initSubmodules(initModules, allModules, consentData);
@@ -549,7 +545,7 @@ function idSystemInitializer({delay = delayFor} = {}) {
       .then(checkRefs(() => {
         const modWithCb = initModules.filter(item => isFn(item.callback));
         if (modWithCb.length) {
-          return new Promise((resolve) => processSubmoduleCallbacks(modWithCb, resolve));
+          return new GreedyPromise((resolve) => processSubmoduleCallbacks(modWithCb, resolve));
         }
       }))
   );
@@ -573,7 +569,7 @@ function idSystemInitializer({delay = delayFor} = {}) {
         });
       }
     }
-    if (refresh) {
+    if (refresh && initialized) {
       done = cancelAndTry(
         done
           .catch(() => null)
@@ -588,7 +584,7 @@ function idSystemInitializer({delay = delayFor} = {}) {
               return sm.callback != null;
             });
             if (cbModules.length) {
-              return new Promise((resolve) => processSubmoduleCallbacks(cbModules, resolve));
+              return new GreedyPromise((resolve) => processSubmoduleCallbacks(cbModules, resolve));
             }
           }))
       );
@@ -621,8 +617,8 @@ function getPPID() {
  * @param {Object} reqBidsConfigObj required; This is the same param that's used in pbjs.requestBids.
  * @param {function} fn required; The next function in the chain, used by hook.js
  */
-export function requestBidsHook(fn, reqBidsConfigObj, {delay = delayFor} = {}) {
-  Promise.race([
+export function requestBidsHook(fn, reqBidsConfigObj, {delay = GreedyPromise.timeout} = {}) {
+  GreedyPromise.race([
     getUserIdsAsync(),
     delay(auctionDelay)
   ]).then(() => {
@@ -767,7 +763,16 @@ function refreshUserIds({submoduleNames} = {}, callback) {
  */
 
 function getUserIdsAsync() {
-  return initIdSystem().then(() => getUserIds(), (e) => e === INIT_CANCELED ? getUserIdsAsync() : Promise.reject(e));
+  return initIdSystem().then(
+    () => getUserIds(),
+    (e) =>
+      e === INIT_CANCELED
+        // there's a pending refresh - because GreedyPromise runs this synchronously, we are now in the middle
+        // of canceling the previous init, before the refresh logic has had a chance to run.
+        // Use a "normal" Promise to clear the stack and let it complete (or this will just recurse infinitely)
+        ? Promise.resolve().then(getUserIdsAsync)
+        : GreedyPromise.reject(e)
+  );
 }
 
 /**
@@ -914,6 +919,8 @@ function updateSubmodules() {
     return;
   }
   // do this to avoid reprocessing submodules
+  // TODO: the logic does not match the comment - addedSubmodules is always a copy of submoduleRegistry
+  // (if it did it would not be correct - it's not enough to find new modules, as others may have been removed or changed)
   const addedSubmodules = submoduleRegistry.filter(i => !find(submodules, j => j.name === i.name));
 
   submodules.splice(0, submodules.length);
@@ -949,6 +956,17 @@ export function attachIdSystem(submodule) {
   if (!find(submoduleRegistry, i => i.name === submodule.name)) {
     submoduleRegistry.push(submodule);
     updateSubmodules();
+    // TODO: a test case wants this to work even if called after init (the setConfig({userId}))
+    // so we trigger a refresh. But is that even possible outside of tests?
+    initIdSystem({refresh: true, submoduleNames: [submodule.name]});
+  }
+}
+
+function normalizePromise(fn) {
+  // for public methods that return promises, make sure we return a "normal" one - to avoid
+  // exposing confusing stack traces
+  return function() {
+    return Promise.resolve(fn.apply(this, arguments));
   }
 }
 
@@ -957,7 +975,7 @@ export function attachIdSystem(submodule) {
  * so a callback is added to fire after the consentManagement module.
  * @param {{getConfig:function}} config
  */
-export function init(config, {delay = delayFor} = {}) {
+export function init(config, {delay = GreedyPromise.timeout} = {}) {
   ppidSource = undefined;
   submodules = [];
   configRegistry = [];
@@ -1002,10 +1020,10 @@ export function init(config, {delay = delayFor} = {}) {
   // exposing getUserIds function in global-name-space so that userIds stored in Prebid can be used by external codes.
   (getGlobal()).getUserIds = getUserIds;
   (getGlobal()).getUserIdsAsEids = getUserIdsAsEids;
-  (getGlobal()).getEncryptedEidsForSource = getEncryptedEidsForSource;
+  (getGlobal()).getEncryptedEidsForSource = normalizePromise(getEncryptedEidsForSource);
   (getGlobal()).registerSignalSources = registerSignalSources;
-  (getGlobal()).refreshUserIds = refreshUserIds;
-  (getGlobal()).getUserIdsAsync = getUserIdsAsync;
+  (getGlobal()).refreshUserIds = normalizePromise(refreshUserIds);
+  (getGlobal()).getUserIdsAsync = normalizePromise(getUserIdsAsync);
   (getGlobal()).getUserIdsAsEidBySource = getUserIdsAsEidBySource;
 }
 

package/package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "prebid.js",
-  "version": "7.6.0",
+  "version": "7.7.0",
   "description": "Header Bidding Management Library",
   "main": "src/prebid.js",
   "scripts": {

package/src/auction.js

@@ -76,6 +76,7 @@ import {bidderSettings} from './bidderSettings.js';
 import * as events from './events.js'
 import adapterManager from './adapterManager.js';
 import CONSTANTS from './constants.json';
+import {GreedyPromise} from './utils/promise.js';
 
 const { syncUsers } = userSync;
 
@@ -384,9 +385,9 @@ export function auctionCallbacks(auctionDone, auctionInstance, {index = auctionM
 
   function waitFor(requestId, result) {
     if (ready[requestId] == null) {
-      ready[requestId] = Promise.resolve();
+      ready[requestId] = GreedyPromise.resolve();
     }
-    ready[requestId] = ready[requestId].then(() => Promise.resolve(result).catch(() => {}))
+    ready[requestId] = ready[requestId].then(() => GreedyPromise.resolve(result).catch(() => {}))
   }
 
   function guard(bidderRequest, fn) {
@@ -398,9 +399,9 @@ export function auctionCallbacks(auctionDone, auctionInstance, {index = auctionM
     const wait = ready[bidderRequest.bidderRequestId];
     const orphanWait = ready['']; // also wait for "orphan" responses that are not associated with any request
     if ((wait != null || orphanWait != null) && timeRemaining > 0) {
-      Promise.race([
-        new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, timeRemaining)),
-        Promise.resolve(orphanWait).then(() => wait)
+      GreedyPromise.race([
+        GreedyPromise.timeout(timeRemaining),
+        GreedyPromise.resolve(orphanWait).then(() => wait)
       ]).then(fn);
     } else {
       fn();

package/src/consentHandler.js

@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 import {isStr, timestamp} from './utils.js';
+import {defer, GreedyPromise} from './utils/promise.js';
 
 export class ConsentHandler {
   #enabled;
   #data;
-  #promise;
-  #resolve;
+  #defer;
   #ready;
   generatedTime;
 
@@ -12,17 +12,17 @@ export class ConsentHandler {
     this.reset();
   }
 
+  #resolve(data) {
+    this.#ready = true;
+    this.#data = data;
+    this.#defer.resolve(data);
+  }
+
   /**
    * reset this handler (mainly for tests)
    */
   reset() {
-    this.#promise = new Promise((resolve) => {
-      this.#resolve = (data) => {
-        this.#ready = true;
-        this.#data = data;
-        resolve(data);
-      };
-    });
+    this.#defer = defer();
     this.#enabled = false;
     this.#data = null;
     this.#ready = false;
@@ -56,12 +56,12 @@ export class ConsentHandler {
    */
   get promise() {
     if (this.#ready) {
-      return Promise.resolve(this.#data);
+      return GreedyPromise.resolve(this.#data);
     }
     if (!this.#enabled) {
       this.#resolve(null);
     }
-    return this.#promise;
+    return this.#defer.promise;
   }
 
   setConsentData(data, time = timestamp()) {

package/src/debugging.js

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import {getGlobal} from './prebidGlobal.js';
 import {logMessage, prefixLog} from './utils.js';
 import {createBid} from './bidfactory.js';
 import {loadExternalScript} from './adloader.js';
+import {GreedyPromise} from './utils/promise.js';
 
 export const DEBUG_KEY = '__$$PREBID_GLOBAL$$_debugging__';
 
@@ -12,7 +13,7 @@ function isDebuggingInstalled() {
 }
 
 function loadScript(url) {
-  return new Promise((resolve) => {
+  return new GreedyPromise((resolve) => {
     loadExternalScript(url, 'debugging', resolve);
   });
 }
@@ -21,7 +22,8 @@ export function debuggingModuleLoader({alreadyInstalled = isDebuggingInstalled,
   let loading = null;
   return function () {
     if (loading == null) {
-      loading = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+      loading = new GreedyPromise((resolve, reject) => {
+        // run this in a 0-delay timeout to give installedModules time to be populated
         setTimeout(() => {
           if (alreadyInstalled()) {
             resolve();
@@ -44,7 +46,7 @@ export function debuggingControls({load = debuggingModuleLoader(), hook = getHoo
   let promise = null;
   let enabled = false;
   function waitForDebugging(next, ...args) {
-    return (promise || Promise.resolve()).then(() => next.apply(this, args))
+    return (promise || GreedyPromise.resolve()).then(() => next.apply(this, args))
   }
   function enable() {
     if (!enabled) {

package/src/hook.js

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 import funHooks from 'fun-hooks/no-eval/index.js';
-import {promiseControls} from './utils/promise.js';
+import {defer} from './utils/promise.js';
 
 export let hook = funHooks({
   ready: funHooks.SYNC | funHooks.ASYNC | funHooks.QUEUE
 });
 
-const readyCtl = promiseControls();
+const readyCtl = defer();
 hook.ready = (() => {
   const ready = hook.ready;
   return function () {

package/src/utils/promise.js

@@ -1,36 +1,111 @@
 const SUCCESS = 0;
 const FAIL = 1;
-const RESULT = 2;
 
 /**
- * @returns a {promise, resolve, reject} trio where `promise` is resolved by calling `resolve` or `reject`.
+ * A version of Promise that runs callbacks synchronously when it can (i.e. after it's been fulfilled or rejected).
  */
-export function promiseControls({promiseFactory = (resolver) => new Promise(resolver)} = {}) {
-  const status = {};
+export class GreedyPromise extends Promise {
+  #result;
+  #callbacks;
+  #parent = null;
+
+  /**
+   * Convenience wrapper for setTimeout; takes care of returning an already fulfilled GreedyPromise when the delay is zero.
+   *
+   * @param {Number} delayMs delay in milliseconds
+   * @returns {GreedyPromise} a promise that resolves (to undefined) in `delayMs` milliseconds
+   */
+  static timeout(delayMs = 0) {
+    return new GreedyPromise((resolve) => {
+      delayMs === 0 ? resolve() : setTimeout(resolve, delayMs);
+    });
+  }
 
-  function finisher(slot) {
-    return function (val) {
-      if (typeof status[slot] === 'function') {
-        status[slot](val);
-      } else if (!status[slot]) {
-        status[slot] = true;
-        status[RESULT] = val;
+  constructor(resolver) {
+    const result = [];
+    const callbacks = [];
+    function handler(type, resolveFn) {
+      return function (value) {
+        if (!result.length) {
+          result.push(type, value);
+          while (callbacks.length) callbacks.shift()();
+          resolveFn(value);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    super(
+      typeof resolver !== 'function'
+        ? resolver // let super throw an error
+        : (resolve, reject) => {
+          const rejectHandler = handler(FAIL, reject);
+          const resolveHandler = (() => {
+            const done = handler(SUCCESS, resolve);
+            return value =>
+              typeof value?.then === 'function' ? value.then(done, rejectHandler) : done(value);
+          })();
+          try {
+            resolver(resolveHandler, rejectHandler);
+          } catch (e) {
+            rejectHandler(e);
+          }
+        }
+    );
+    this.#result = result;
+    this.#callbacks = callbacks;
+  }
+  then(onSuccess, onError) {
+    if (typeof onError === 'function') {
+      // if an error handler is provided, attach a dummy error handler to super,
+      // and do the same for all promises without an error handler that precede this one in a chain.
+      // This is to avoid unhandled rejection events / warnings for errors that were, in fact, handled;
+      // since we are not using super's callback mechanisms we need to make it aware of this separately.
+      let node = this;
+      while (node) {
+        super.then.call(node, null, () => null);
+        const next = node.#parent;
+        node.#parent = null; // since we attached a handler already, we are no longer interested in what will happen later in the chain
+        node = next;
       }
     }
+    const result = this.#result;
+    const res = new GreedyPromise((resolve, reject) => {
+      const continuation = () => {
+        let value = result[1];
+        let [handler, resolveFn] = result[0] === SUCCESS ? [onSuccess, resolve] : [onError, reject];
+        if (typeof handler === 'function') {
+          try {
+            value = handler(value);
+          } catch (e) {
+            reject(e);
+            return;
+          }
+          resolveFn = resolve;
+        }
+        resolveFn(value);
+      }
+      result.length ? continuation() : this.#callbacks.push(continuation);
+    });
+    res.#parent = this;
+    return res;
   }
+}
+
+/**
+ * @returns a {promise, resolve, reject} trio where `promise` is resolved by calling `resolve` or `reject`.
+ */
+export function defer({promiseFactory = (resolver) => new GreedyPromise(resolver)} = {}) {
+  function invoker(delegate) {
+    return (val) => delegate(val);
+  }
+
+  let resolveFn, rejectFn;
 
   return {
     promise: promiseFactory((resolve, reject) => {
-      if (status[SUCCESS] != null) {
-        resolve(status[RESULT]);
-      } else if (status[FAIL] != null) {
-        reject(status[RESULT]);
-      } else {
-        status[SUCCESS] = resolve;
-        status[FAIL] = reject;
-      }
+      resolveFn = resolve;
+      rejectFn = reject;
     }),
-    resolve: finisher(SUCCESS),
-    reject: finisher(FAIL)
+    resolve: invoker(resolveFn),
+    reject: invoker(rejectFn)
   }
 }