partforge 0.121.0 → 0.122.0

package/src/framework/materials/environment.js

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+// src/framework/materials/environment.js
+// One environment "rig": PMREM-filtered lighting from a baked UltraHDR JPEG, a
+// backdrop, a textured ground disc that fades into the backdrop at its rim, and a
+// contact shadow. Loaded lazily the first time an environment is shown; the
+// loaders are injected so this is testable without GL or network.
+import * as THREE from "three";
+import { ENVIRONMENTS } from "./environments.js";
+import { resolveEnvironmentId } from "./resolve.js";
+import { assetUrl } from "./assets.js";
+import { createContactShadow } from "./contact-shadow.js";
+import { createPrintBed } from "./print-bed.js";
+
+const GROUND_RADIUS_FACTOR = 4; // ground disc radius, in part radii
+
+// A ground normal map is OpenGL-format (+Y up, Poly Haven's "nor_gl"), which is
+// what three's tangent-space normal maps expect: a positive normalScale.
+const GROUND_NORMAL_SCALE = 1.5;
+
+// ground.detail: {scale, strength} re-samples the colour map `scale` times
+// finer and multiplies it in at `strength`, so a ground seen up close under a
+// small part keeps crisp grain after the base map's texels have gone soft.
+// `mean` is the map's average linear luminance, so the detail layer darkens
+// and lightens about 1 rather than shifting the ground's overall tone.
+function injectDetail(shader, { scale, strength, mean }) {
+  shader.fragmentShader = shader.fragmentShader.replace(
+    "#include <map_fragment>",
+    `#include <map_fragment>
+#ifdef USE_MAP
+  {
+    float pfDl = dot(texture2D(map, vMapUv * ${scale.toFixed(3)}).rgb, vec3(0.3333));
+    diffuseColor.rgb *= mix(1.0, pfDl / ${mean.toFixed(3)}, ${strength.toFixed(3)});
+  }
+#endif`,
+  );
+}
+
+function groundMaterial(tex, rough, normal, { tint, roughness = 1, normalScale = GROUND_NORMAL_SCALE, bed = false, detail }) {
+  const m = new THREE.MeshStandardMaterial({
+    color: tint, map: tex, roughnessMap: rough ?? null, roughness, metalness: 0, transparent: !bed,
+    ...(normal ? { normalMap: normal, normalScale: new THREE.Vector2(normalScale, normalScale) } : {}),
+  });
+  if (bed) {
+    // a build plate has a hard edge: no rim fade
+    if (detail) {
+      m.onBeforeCompile = (shader) => injectDetail(shader, detail);
+      m.customProgramCacheKey = () => "pf-ground-bed-detail";
+    }
+    return m;
+  }
+  // Radial fade to transparent at the rim so the disc melts into the backdrop.
+  m.onBeforeCompile = (shader) => {
+    if (detail) injectDetail(shader, detail);
+    shader.vertexShader = shader.vertexShader
+      .replace("#include <common>", "#include <common>\nvarying vec2 vPfDisc;")
+      .replace("#include <begin_vertex>", "#include <begin_vertex>\nvPfDisc = position.xz;");
+    shader.fragmentShader = shader.fragmentShader
+      .replace("#include <common>", "#include <common>\nvarying vec2 vPfDisc;")
+      .replace("#include <dithering_fragment>", "#include <dithering_fragment>\ngl_FragColor.a *= 1.0 - smoothstep(0.35, 0.5, length(vPfDisc));");
+  };
+  m.customProgramCacheKey = () => (detail ? "pf-ground-detail" : "pf-ground");
+  return m;
+}
+
+export async function loadEnvironmentRig(renderer, requestedId, { loadHdr, loadTexture, pmrem, createCanvas }) {
+  const { id } = resolveEnvironmentId(requestedId);
+  const env = ENVIRONMENTS[id];
+  const hdr = await loadHdr(assetUrl(env.hdr));
+  hdr.mapping = THREE.EquirectangularReflectionMapping;
+  let envMap;
+  try { envMap = pmrem.fromEquirectangular(hdr).texture; } catch (e) { hdr.dispose(); throw e; }
+
+  // Every environment draws its own photo, blurred, as the backdrop — so the
+  // equirect stays alive for the rig's life (freed in dispose()).
+  const background = hdr;
+  const backgroundBlurriness = env.blurriness ?? 0.6;
+  const backgroundIntensity = env.backgroundIntensity ?? 1;
+
+  const tex = loadTexture(env.ground.texture);
+  tex.wrapS = tex.wrapT = THREE.RepeatWrapping;
+  tex.colorSpace = THREE.SRGBColorSpace;
+  // Roughness and normal maps are data, not colour: never sRGB-decoded.
+  const dataMap = (file) => {
+    if (!file) return null;
+    const t = loadTexture(file);
+    t.wrapS = t.wrapT = THREE.RepeatWrapping;
+    t.colorSpace = THREE.NoColorSpace;
+    return t;
+  };
+  const rough = dataMap(env.ground.roughnessTexture);
+  const normal = dataMap(env.ground.normalTexture);
+  const shadow = createContactShadow({ renderer, sizeMm: env.ground.sizeMm });
+
+  // env.ground.bed: a standard-size build plate instead of the fading disc.
+  if (env.ground.bed) {
+    const material = groundMaterial(tex, rough, normal, { ...env.ground, bed: true });
+    const bed = createPrintBed({ pei: material, tileMm: env.ground.tileMm ?? env.ground.sizeMm, createCanvas });
+    // An enclosure's LED bar: one hard overhead light, riding with the bed so
+    // it always falls on the part from the same place.
+    let keyLight = null;
+    if (env.keyLight) {
+      keyLight = new THREE.DirectionalLight(0xffffff, env.keyLight.intensity);
+      keyLight.position.set(...env.keyLight.direction);
+      bed.object.add(keyLight, keyLight.target);
+    }
+    return {
+      id, exposure: env.exposure, envMap, background, backgroundBlurriness, backgroundIntensity,
+      rotationY: ((env.rotationDeg ?? 0) * Math.PI) / 180,
+      ground: bed.object,
+      shadow,
+      setGround({ y, centerX = 0, centerZ = 0, radius, footprintMm = radius }) {
+        bed.place({ y, centerX, centerZ, footprintMm });
+        shadow.group.position.set(centerX, y, centerZ);
+        // The shadow plane never hangs past the plate's edge into thin air.
+        const s = Math.min(Math.max(radius * 3, 20), bed.sizeMm);
+        shadow.setSize(s, Math.max(radius * 4, 20));
+      },
+      dispose() {
+        envMap.dispose(); hdr.dispose(); tex.dispose(); rough?.dispose(); normal?.dispose();
+        material.dispose(); bed.dispose(); shadow.dispose(); keyLight?.dispose();
+      },
+    };
+  }
+
+  const discGeo = new THREE.CircleGeometry(0.5, 96).rotateX(-Math.PI / 2);
+  const ground = new THREE.Mesh(discGeo, groundMaterial(tex, rough, normal, env.ground));
+  ground.renderOrder = -1;
+
+  function setGround({ y, centerX = 0, centerZ = 0, radius }) {
+    const r = Math.max(radius * GROUND_RADIUS_FACTOR, env.ground.sizeMm / 2);
+    ground.position.set(centerX, y - 0.01, centerZ);
+    ground.scale.setScalar(r * 2);
+    // Keep the texture at real millimetres however large the disc is.
+    const repeat = (r * 2) / (env.ground.tileMm ?? env.ground.sizeMm);
+    tex.repeat.set(repeat, repeat);
+    if (rough) rough.repeat.set(repeat, repeat);
+    if (normal) normal.repeat.set(repeat, repeat);
+    shadow.group.position.set(centerX, y, centerZ);
+    shadow.setSize(Math.max(radius * 3, 20), Math.max(radius * 4, 20));
+  }
+
+  return {
+    id,
+    exposure: env.exposure,
+    envMap,
+    background,
+    backgroundBlurriness,
+    backgroundIntensity,
+    rotationY: ((env.rotationDeg ?? 0) * Math.PI) / 180,
+    ground,
+    shadow,
+    setGround,
+    dispose() {
+      envMap.dispose(); hdr.dispose(); tex.dispose(); rough?.dispose(); normal?.dispose();
+      discGeo.dispose(); ground.material.dispose(); shadow.dispose();
+    },
+  };
+}

package/src/framework/materials/environments.js

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+// src/framework/materials/environments.js
+// Environment records — plain data like presets.js. `hdr` and the ground textures
+// are FILE NAMES under ./assets/, resolved to URLs by assets.js (which is the only
+// module that may use `new URL(..., import.meta.url)`, so this one stays importable
+// by lint and the worker).
+//
+// ground.sizeMm is the smallest the ground disc ever gets (and the shadow's
+// starting size); ground.tileMm, when set, is how many millimetres one repeat of
+// the ground texture covers — defaulting to sizeMm. rotationDeg, when set, turns
+// the environment (lighting and backdrop together) about the vertical axis.
+// ground.roughnessTexture and ground.normalTexture are optional data maps
+// (normal maps OpenGL-format, +Y up) tiled the same way as the colour map;
+// ground.roughness (default 1) scales the roughness map. backgroundIntensity
+// (default 1) dims the drawn backdrop without dimming the light on the part.
+// ground.detail ({scale, strength, mean}) blends the colour map back in at a
+// finer scale so the ground keeps grain up close (environment.js).
+
+export const DEFAULT_ENVIRONMENT_ID = "studio";
+
+export const ENVIRONMENTS = {
+  studio: {
+    id: "studio", label: "Studio", exposure: 0.8,
+    hdr: "env-studio.jpg",
+    // Paper 001's fibre relief (normal + roughness) does the work: its colour
+    // map is nearly flat, so without them the sweep read as soft blotches up
+    // close. The detail layer keeps the grain crisp under a small part.
+    ground: {
+      texture: "ground-paper.jpg", normalTexture: "ground-paper-normal.jpg", roughnessTexture: "ground-paper-rough.jpg",
+      normalScale: 0.6, sizeMm: 400, tileMm: 200, tint: 0xf2f2f2,
+      detail: { scale: 5.17, strength: 0.5, mean: 0.9 },
+    },
+    // Turns the studio photo so its two octagonal softboxes glow behind the part
+    // from the viewer's default camera, the classic product-shot backdrop.
+    rotationDeg: 300,
+    blurriness: 0.3,
+  },
+  workshop: {
+    id: "workshop", label: "Workshop", exposure: 0.88,
+    hdr: "env-workshop.jpg",
+    // Unfinished maple: Poly Haven "Oak Veneer 01" lightened and desaturated
+    // at bake time, with its normal map at a gentle strength and NO roughness
+    // map — a flat, fully matte roughness, so the floor never shows a glossy
+    // spot. Tiled at 600 mm (finer grain than the 1.83 m scan, as maple is).
+    ground: {
+      texture: "ground-maple-color.jpg", normalTexture: "ground-maple-normal.jpg",
+      sizeMm: 600, tileMm: 600, roughness: 0.92, normalScale: 0.8, tint: 0xffffff,
+    },
+  },
+  "print-bed": {
+    id: "print-bed", label: "Print bed", exposure: 0.42,
+    // The studio photo re-baked with --contrast: a darker, harsher room, like
+    // the inside of a printer's enclosure.
+    hdr: "env-print-bed.jpg",
+    blurriness: 0.4,
+    backgroundIntensity: 0.6, // the enclosure walls sit darker than the light on the part
+    // A hard overhead light from above and a little in front, like the LED bar
+    // in a printer's enclosure (direction is toward the light, from the bed).
+    keyLight: { intensity: 4.5, direction: [0.4, 1, 0.6] },
+    // bed: a cut-out, standard-size build plate (print-bed.js) with printed
+    // markings, instead of a disc fading into the backdrop. tileMm is one PEI
+    // texture repeat.
+    ground: {
+      texture: "ground-pei.jpg", roughnessTexture: "ground-pei-rough.jpg", sizeMm: 256, tileMm: 128,
+      tint: 0xffffff, bed: true,
+    },
+  },
+  outdoor: {
+    id: "outdoor", label: "Outdoor", exposure: 0.72,
+    hdr: "env-outdoor.jpg",
+    // Tinted to a warm mid-grey: the overcast sky lights an untinted concrete
+    // map near-white and blue. Exposed-aggregate concrete with its own normal
+    // map, tiled at 400 mm so the grain stays crisp (about 0.4 mm a texel)
+    // under a small part seen up close.
+    ground: {
+      texture: "ground-concrete.jpg", roughnessTexture: "ground-concrete-rough.jpg",
+      normalTexture: "ground-concrete-normal.jpg", normalScale: 0.7,
+      sizeMm: 800, tileMm: 400, tint: 0x9e9282,
+      // Micro-grain for close-ups: the same map ~7x finer, blended lightly.
+      detail: { scale: 7.13, strength: 0.245, mean: 0.5 },
+    },
+  },
+};

package/src/framework/materials/patterns.js

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+// The ONE shader-injection module (onBeforeCompile). Everything a future TSL /
+// WebGPU port would have to rewrite lives here and nowhere else.
+//
+// All patterns work in OBJECT space (the sub-part's delivered mesh frame), so
+// they move with the sub-part under animation and never slide when the camera
+// moves. Layer lines additionally map object space through `pfPrintFrame`
+// (print-frame.js: display→export), so they run the way the part will print.
+import * as THREE from "three";
+
+const VERT_DECL = "varying vec3 vPfObjPos;\nvarying vec3 vPfObjNormal;\nvarying vec3 vPfPrintUpView;\nuniform mat4 pfPrintFrame;\n";
+// Wood's triplanar normal map builds its normal in OBJECT space; the fragment
+// stage has no normalMatrix, so its three columns ride along as varyings.
+const VERT_DECL_NM = "varying vec3 vPfNmX;\nvarying vec3 vPfNmY;\nvarying vec3 vPfNmZ;\n";
+const VERT_BODY_NM = "vPfNmX = normalMatrix[0];\nvPfNmY = normalMatrix[1];\nvPfNmZ = normalMatrix[2];\n";
+// vPfPrintUpView: the print direction (export +Z) in VIEW space — the gradient
+// of the layer height, carried by normalMatrix like any other normal — so the
+// layer-line normal map can tilt normals along it (identity print frame for the
+// other patterns, which never read it).
+const VERT_BODY = "vPfObjPos = position;\nvPfObjNormal = normal;\nvPfPrintUpView = normalMatrix * vec3(pfPrintFrame[0].z, pfPrintFrame[1].z, pfPrintFrame[2].z);\n";
+
+const FRAG_DECL = `
+varying vec3 vPfObjPos;
+varying vec3 vPfObjNormal;
+varying vec3 vPfPrintUpView;
+uniform float pfPatternScale;
+uniform mat4 pfPrintFrame;
+uniform sampler2D pfPatternMap;
+float pfHash(vec3 p) { p = fract(p * 0.3183099 + 0.1); p *= 17.0; return fract(p.x * p.y * p.z * (p.x + p.y + p.z)); }
+float pfNoise(vec3 x) {
+  vec3 i = floor(x); vec3 f = fract(x); f = f * f * (3.0 - 2.0 * f);
+  return mix(mix(mix(pfHash(i), pfHash(i + vec3(1,0,0)), f.x), mix(pfHash(i + vec3(0,1,0)), pfHash(i + vec3(1,1,0)), f.x), f.y),
+             mix(mix(pfHash(i + vec3(0,0,1)), pfHash(i + vec3(1,0,1)), f.x), mix(pfHash(i + vec3(0,1,1)), pfHash(i + vec3(1,1,1)), f.x), f.y), f.z);
+}
+vec3 pfTriplanar(sampler2D map, vec3 p, vec3 n, float scale) {
+  vec3 w = pow(abs(normalize(n)), vec3(4.0)); w /= (w.x + w.y + w.z);
+  return texture2D(map, p.yz / scale).rgb * w.x + texture2D(map, p.xz / scale).rgb * w.y + texture2D(map, p.xy / scale).rgb * w.z;
+}
+`;
+
+// Extra declarations only the wood kind needs: its normal and roughness maps and
+// the normal-matrix varyings. Kept out of FRAG_DECL so the other kinds don't bind
+// two empty samplers.
+const FRAG_DECL_WOOD = `
+uniform sampler2D pfNormalMap;
+uniform sampler2D pfRoughMap;
+uniform float pfRoughMean;
+uniform float pfNormalStrength;
+varying vec3 vPfNmX;
+varying vec3 vPfNmY;
+varying vec3 vPfNmZ;
+vec3 pfTriplanarWeights(vec3 n) { vec3 w = pow(abs(n), vec3(4.0)); return w / (w.x + w.y + w.z); }
+// Triplanar tangent-space normal map, whiteout-blended (Golus, "Normal Mapping
+// for a Triplanar Shader"). Each projection's map is read as a height field over
+// the two object axes its UVs run along, so its tangent normal (x, y) is a slope
+// along those axes and z points along the face's own axis — the whiteout form
+// (t.xy + n.<uv axes>, |t.z| * n.<face axis>) needs no per-side sign flips: on
+// the back face n.<face axis> is negative and the swizzle follows the same height
+// field, so light still catches the same grain. OpenGL-format maps (+Y up), the
+// Poly Haven "nor_gl" convention. Returns an OBJECT-space unit normal.
+vec3 pfTriplanarNormal(vec3 p, vec3 n, float scale) {
+  vec3 w = pfTriplanarWeights(n);
+  vec3 tx = texture2D(pfNormalMap, p.yz / scale).xyz * 2.0 - 1.0;
+  vec3 ty = texture2D(pfNormalMap, p.xz / scale).xyz * 2.0 - 1.0;
+  vec3 tz = texture2D(pfNormalMap, p.xy / scale).xyz * 2.0 - 1.0;
+  tx.xy *= pfNormalStrength; ty.xy *= pfNormalStrength; tz.xy *= pfNormalStrength;
+  tx = vec3(tx.xy + n.yz, abs(tx.z) * n.x);   // uv = (y, z), face axis x
+  ty = vec3(ty.xy + n.xz, abs(ty.z) * n.y);   // uv = (x, z), face axis y
+  tz = vec3(tz.xy + n.xy, abs(tz.z) * n.z);   // uv = (x, y), face axis z
+  return normalize(tx.zxy * w.x + ty.xzy * w.y + tz.xyz * w.z);
+}
+`;
+
+// Per-kind fragment code, injected after <roughnessmap_fragment> so it can
+// modulate both diffuseColor (already written by <map_fragment>) and roughnessFactor.
+const FRAG_BODY = {
+  "layer-lines": `
+  {
+    float h = (pfPrintFrame * vec4(vPfObjPos, 1.0)).z / pfPatternScale;
+    float ridge = abs(fract(h) - 0.5) * 2.0;            // 0 at a layer seam, 1 mid-layer
+    float groove = smoothstep(0.0, 0.35, ridge);
+    // Anti-alias: fwidth(h) is layers per pixel. Where a layer spans fewer
+    // than ~6 px the band fades to its mean over a period (0.825: the groove
+    // ramps over 35% of it, the rest is flat), and past ~2.5 px it is gone —
+    // point-sampling finer layers than that is what aliased into moiré.
+    groove = mix(0.825, groove, 1.0 - smoothstep(0.16, 0.4, fwidth(h)));
+    diffuseColor.rgb *= mix(0.9, 1.0, groove); // the normal map (FRAG_NORMAL) carries most of the relief
+    roughnessFactor = clamp(roughnessFactor + (1.0 - groove) * 0.18, 0.0, 1.0);
+    // Filament mottling: a fine grain (~0.17 mm) over slow blotches (~2 mm),
+    // fixed to the part, so a print doesn't read as flat injection-moulded plastic.
+    float mottle = pfNoise(vPfObjPos * 6.0) * 0.6 + pfNoise(vPfObjPos * 0.51) * 0.4;
+    diffuseColor.rgb *= mix(0.893, 1.047, mottle);
+    roughnessFactor = clamp(roughnessFactor + (mottle - 0.5) * 0.084, 0.0, 1.0);
+  }`,
+  "sls-grain": `
+  {
+    float g = pfNoise(vPfObjPos / pfPatternScale);
+    diffuseColor.rgb *= mix(0.92, 1.04, g);
+    roughnessFactor = clamp(roughnessFactor + (g - 0.5) * 0.1, 0.0, 1.0);
+  }`,
+  // Wood is a full PBR set sampled triplanar in object space: the colour map
+  // (sRGB, so already linear here) multiplies diffuseColor — white unless the
+  // author tinted it, physical.js — and the roughness map varies roughnessFactor
+  // around the preset's value (divided by the map's own mean, so the preset sets
+  // the average). Mipmaps (and RepeatWrapping) do the far-distance filtering.
+  wood: `
+  {
+    vec3 pfN = normalize(vPfObjNormal);
+    diffuseColor.rgb *= pfTriplanar(pfPatternMap, vPfObjPos, pfN, pfPatternScale);
+    float r = pfTriplanar(pfRoughMap, vPfObjPos, pfN, pfPatternScale).g;
+    roughnessFactor = clamp(roughnessFactor * r / pfRoughMean, 0.02, 1.0);
+  }`,
+  // Carbon samples a luminance MASK (raw, not sRGB-decoded: physical.js) and
+  // modulates around the texture's own mean (0.171; its spread is ~0.06), so a
+  // mipmapped far swatch keeps its preset colour and the weave reads at full
+  // contrast up close.
+  carbon: `
+  {
+    vec3 t = pfTriplanar(pfPatternMap, vPfObjPos, vPfObjNormal, pfPatternScale);
+    float l = dot(t, vec3(0.2126, 0.7152, 0.0722));
+    float n = clamp((l - 0.171) / 0.06, -1.0, 1.0);
+    diffuseColor.rgb *= 1.0 + n * 0.75;
+    roughnessFactor = clamp(roughnessFactor - n * 0.2, 0.0, 1.0);
+  }`,
+  concrete: `
+  {
+    vec3 t = pfTriplanar(pfPatternMap, vPfObjPos, vPfObjNormal, pfPatternScale);
+    diffuseColor.rgb *= t * 1.4;
+  }`,
+};
+
+// Per-kind NORMAL perturbation, injected after <normal_fragment_maps> (where the
+// view-space \`normal\` is final). Layer lines are a procedural normal map: each
+// layer is a round bead, so across one layer the surface normal swings from
+// facing down (bottom of the bead) through straight out to facing up, along
+// the print direction projected onto the surface. Faces parallel to the layers
+// (tops and bottoms) get no ridges, as on a real print. Same fwidth fade as the
+// colour bands, so far-away layers don't alias.
+const FRAG_NORMAL = {
+  "layer-lines": `
+  {
+    float h = (pfPrintFrame * vec4(vPfObjPos, 1.0)).z / pfPatternScale;
+    float aa = 1.0 - smoothstep(0.16, 0.4, fwidth(h));
+    float t = fract(h) * 2.0 - 1.0;                       // -1 at a seam, 0 bead crest, 1 next seam
+    float slope = clamp(t / sqrt(max(1.0 - t * t, 0.04)), -3.0, 3.0);
+    vec3 up = normalize(vPfPrintUpView);
+    // NOT normalised: its length is how steeply the surface cuts across the
+    // layers (1 on a vertical wall, 0 on a face parallel to them), so ridges fade
+    // out on tops and bottoms. Normalising it once made a flat top pick up a
+    // full-strength tilt in a direction set by rounding noise, flipping sign
+    // wherever the face sat on a layer boundary — a visible patch.
+    vec3 along = up - normal * dot(normal, up);
+    normal = normalize(normal + along * slope * 0.35 * aa);
+  }`,
+  // Wood replaces the view-space normal with its triplanar normal map, built in
+  // object space and carried to view space through the normal matrix. A
+  // double-sided back face is flipped the way <normal_fragment_begin> flips it.
+  wood: `
+  {
+    vec3 pfObjN = pfTriplanarNormal(vPfObjPos, normalize(vPfObjNormal), pfPatternScale);
+    normal = normalize(mat3(vPfNmX, vPfNmY, vPfNmZ) * pfObjN);
+    #ifdef DOUBLE_SIDED
+      normal *= faceDirection;
+    #endif
+  }`,
+};
+
+export function applyPattern(material, { kind, scale = 1, printFrame, texture, normalMap, roughnessMap, roughnessMean = 0.5, normalScale = 1 } = {}) {
+  if (!kind || !FRAG_BODY[kind]) return material;
+  const wood = kind === "wood";
+  const uniforms = {
+    pfPatternScale: { value: scale },
+    pfPrintFrame: { value: new THREE.Matrix4().fromArray(printFrame ?? new THREE.Matrix4().toArray()) },
+    pfPatternMap: { value: texture ?? null },
+    ...(wood ? {
+      pfNormalMap: { value: normalMap ?? null },
+      pfRoughMap: { value: roughnessMap ?? null },
+      pfRoughMean: { value: roughnessMean },
+      pfNormalStrength: { value: normalScale },
+    } : {}),
+  };
+  material.userData.patternUniforms = uniforms;
+  material.onBeforeCompile = (shader) => {
+    Object.assign(shader.uniforms, uniforms);
+    shader.vertexShader = shader.vertexShader
+      .replace("#include <common>", `#include <common>\n${VERT_DECL}${wood ? VERT_DECL_NM : ""}`)
+      .replace("#include <begin_vertex>", `#include <begin_vertex>\n${VERT_BODY}${wood ? VERT_BODY_NM : ""}`);
+    shader.fragmentShader = shader.fragmentShader
+      .replace("#include <common>", `#include <common>\n${FRAG_DECL}${wood ? FRAG_DECL_WOOD : ""}`)
+      .replace("#include <roughnessmap_fragment>", `#include <roughnessmap_fragment>\n${FRAG_BODY[kind]}`)
+      .replace("#include <normal_fragment_maps>", `#include <normal_fragment_maps>\n${FRAG_NORMAL[kind] ?? ""}`);
+  };
+  material.customProgramCacheKey = () => `pf-pattern:${kind}`;
+  material.needsUpdate = true;
+  return material;
+}

package/src/framework/materials/physical.js

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+// src/framework/materials/physical.js
+// three.js materials from resolved library data. The CAD half keeps the viewer's
+// MeshStandardMaterial and only swaps its numbers; the realistic half (Task 8)
+// builds MeshPhysicalMaterial. Both read resolve.js, so the two modes can never
+// disagree about which preset a sub-part is.
+import * as THREE from "three";
+import { cadAppearance, resolveMaterial } from "./resolve.js";
+import { applyPattern } from "./patterns.js";
+import { PATTERN_TEXTURES } from "./assets.js";
+
+const APPEARANCE_KEYS = ["color", "opacity", "material", "roughness", "metalness", "clearcoat", "clearcoatRoughness", "anisotropy", "textureScale"];
+const hasAppearance = (display) => !!display && APPEARANCE_KEYS.some((k) => display[k] != null);
+
+export function buildCadMaterial(display, base) {
+  if (!hasAppearance(display)) return base;
+  const a = cadAppearance(display);
+  const m = base.clone();
+  m.color = new THREE.Color(a.color);
+  m.metalness = a.metalness;
+  m.roughness = a.roughness;
+  if (a.opacity < 1) { m.transparent = true; m.opacity = a.opacity; m.depthWrite = false; }
+  return m;
+}
+
+// Realistic-mode material. `loadTexture(fileName)` is injected (the viewer owns
+// a caching TextureLoader), so this stays unit-testable without a network.
+export function buildPhysicalMaterial(display, { printFrame, loadTexture } = {}) {
+  const { params, tinted } = resolveMaterial(display);
+  const set = params.textures;
+  // A textured preset's colour map carries its own colour; the preset `color` is
+  // only its average (for CAD and 3MF). So the material starts white and an
+  // explicit `color` tints the map.
+  const base = set?.color && !tinted ? 0xffffff : params.color;
+  const m = new THREE.MeshPhysicalMaterial({
+    color: new THREE.Color(base),
+    metalness: params.metalness,
+    roughness: params.roughness,
+    clearcoat: params.clearcoat,
+    clearcoatRoughness: params.clearcoatRoughness,
+    transmission: params.transmission,
+    thickness: params.thickness,
+    ior: params.ior,
+    anisotropy: params.anisotropy,
+    envMapIntensity: params.envIntensity,
+    specularIntensity: params.specularIntensity,
+  });
+  if (params.opacity < 1) { m.transparent = true; m.opacity = params.opacity; m.depthWrite = false; }
+  m.userData.pfAnisotropic = params.anisotropy > 0;
+  if (!loadTexture) {
+    applyPattern(m, { kind: params.pattern, scale: params.textureScale, printFrame });
+    return m;
+  }
+  if (set) {
+    // A full PBR set: colour decoded as sRGB, normal and roughness are data.
+    const load = (file, colorSpace) => {
+      if (!file) return undefined;
+      const t = loadTexture(file);
+      t.wrapS = t.wrapT = THREE.RepeatWrapping;
+      t.colorSpace = colorSpace;
+      return t;
+    };
+    applyPattern(m, {
+      kind: params.pattern, scale: params.textureScale, printFrame,
+      texture: load(set.color, THREE.SRGBColorSpace),
+      normalMap: load(set.normal, THREE.NoColorSpace),
+      roughnessMap: load(set.roughness, THREE.NoColorSpace),
+      roughnessMean: set.roughnessMean,
+      normalScale: set.normalScale,
+    });
+    return m;
+  }
+  const textureFile = PATTERN_TEXTURES[params.pattern];
+  const texture = textureFile ? loadTexture(textureFile) : undefined;
+  // The carbon texture is a luminance mask, read raw; decoding it as sRGB
+  // crushed its contrast to nothing. Concrete is a colour map.
+  if (texture) {
+    texture.wrapS = texture.wrapT = THREE.RepeatWrapping;
+    texture.colorSpace = params.pattern === "concrete" ? THREE.SRGBColorSpace : THREE.NoColorSpace;
+  }
+  applyPattern(m, { kind: params.pattern, scale: params.textureScale, printFrame, texture });
+  return m;
+}

package/src/framework/materials/presets.js

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+// src/framework/materials/presets.js
+// The material library: plain data, deliberately three-free and DOM-free so lint,
+// the worker's 3MF writer and the docs parity test can all read it (see
+// test/lint-purity.test.js and test/worker-layering.test.js). The viewer turns a
+// record into a three.js material in physical.js; nothing here knows about three.
+//
+// Metal base colours are measured reflectance (F0) from physicallybased.info,
+// converted to sRGB. Adding a preset is one record here plus a look at the
+// contact sheet (materials.html) in every environment.
+
+export const DEFAULT_PRESET_ID = "default";
+
+const P = (id, label, category, use, fields) => ({ id, label, category, use, tintable: false, ...fields });
+
+export const PRESETS = {
+  // The viewer's look before this library existed. Not documented as a choice:
+  // it is what a sub-part with no `material` renders as.
+  default: P("default", "Default", "default", "The viewer's neutral blue-grey, used when a sub-part names no material.",
+    { color: 0x9fb4cc, metalness: 0.25, roughness: 0.55 }),
+
+  "machined-aluminum": P("machined-aluminum", "Machined aluminium", "aluminium", "Bare CNC-milled aluminium, fine tool marks, satin sheen.",
+    { color: 0xf5f6f6, metalness: 1, roughness: 0.32 }),
+  "brushed-aluminum": P("brushed-aluminum", "Brushed aluminium", "aluminium", "Directionally brushed aluminium panels and enclosures.",
+    { color: 0xf5f6f6, metalness: 1, roughness: 0.38, anisotropy: 0.7 }),
+  "anodized-aluminum": P("anodized-aluminum", "Anodized aluminium", "aluminium", "Dyed anodized aluminium; tint with `color` (e.g. red, black, blue).",
+    { color: 0xb9bcc0, metalness: 1, roughness: 0.3, clearcoat: 0.4, clearcoatRoughness: 0.25, tintable: true }),
+  "bead-blasted-aluminum": P("bead-blasted-aluminum", "Bead-blasted aluminium", "aluminium", "Matte, even-textured aluminium (laptop-shell finish).",
+    { color: 0xe8e9ea, metalness: 1, roughness: 0.62 }),
+
+  "brushed-stainless": P("brushed-stainless", "Brushed stainless steel", "steel", "Brushed 304 stainless: kitchen, marine and fastener hardware.",
+    { color: 0xc4c5c6, metalness: 1, roughness: 0.34, anisotropy: 0.6 }),
+  "polished-chrome": P("polished-chrome", "Polished chrome", "steel", "Mirror chrome plating; shows the environment strongly.",
+    { color: 0xcacbcc, metalness: 1, roughness: 0.05 }),
+  "black-oxide-steel": P("black-oxide-steel", "Black-oxide steel", "steel", "Blackened steel tooling and fasteners with a slight oily sheen.",
+    { color: 0x2c2d30, metalness: 1, roughness: 0.45 }),
+  "cast-iron": P("cast-iron", "Cast iron", "steel", "Raw sand-cast iron: dark, rough and matte.",
+    { color: 0x6d6b69, metalness: 1, roughness: 0.78 }),
+  titanium: P("titanium", "Titanium", "steel", "Bare titanium: slightly warm grey, satin.",
+    { color: 0xc1bab1, metalness: 1, roughness: 0.35 }),
+
+  brass: P("brass", "Brass", "warm-metal", "Yellow brass fittings and decorative hardware.",
+    { color: 0xf8dc82, metalness: 1, roughness: 0.28 }),
+  copper: P("copper", "Copper", "warm-metal", "Bare copper: busbars, heat sinks, decorative parts.",
+    { color: 0xfad0c0, metalness: 1, roughness: 0.3 }),
+  bronze: P("bronze", "Bronze", "warm-metal", "Cast bronze bushings and sculpture.",
+    { color: 0xd9a86c, metalness: 1, roughness: 0.42 }),
+
+  "powder-coat": P("powder-coat", "Powder coat", "coating", "Durable textured paint over metal; tint with `color`.",
+    { color: 0x303236, metalness: 0, roughness: 0.55, clearcoat: 0.15, clearcoatRoughness: 0.5, tintable: true }),
+  "painted-metal": P("painted-metal", "Painted metal", "coating", "Glossy enamel or automotive-style paint; tint with `color`.",
+    { color: 0xb3261e, metalness: 0, roughness: 0.4, clearcoat: 1, clearcoatRoughness: 0.08, tintable: true }),
+
+  "pla-print": P("pla-print", "PLA print", "print", "FDM-printed PLA with visible layer lines; tint with `color`.",
+    { color: 0xe8e4da, metalness: 0, roughness: 0.55, envIntensity: 0.6, specularIntensity: 0.5, pattern: "layer-lines", textureScale: 0.2, tintable: true }),
+  "petg-print": P("petg-print", "PETG print", "print", "FDM-printed PETG: glossier than PLA, visible layers; tint with `color`.",
+    { color: 0x2d6cdf, metalness: 0, roughness: 0.32, envIntensity: 0.7, specularIntensity: 0.7, pattern: "layer-lines", textureScale: 0.2, tintable: true }),
+  "resin-print": P("resin-print", "Resin print", "print", "SLA/MSLA resin print: smooth, faintly waxy; tint with `color`.",
+    { color: 0x8a8f96, metalness: 0, roughness: 0.35, clearcoat: 0.2, clearcoatRoughness: 0.3, tintable: true }),
+  "nylon-sls": P("nylon-sls", "Nylon SLS", "print", "Powder-bed nylon: matte, grainy, usually white or dyed black.",
+    { color: 0xf0eee8, metalness: 0, roughness: 0.85, pattern: "sls-grain", textureScale: 0.15, tintable: true }),
+
+  "abs-plastic": P("abs-plastic", "ABS plastic", "plastic", "Injection-moulded ABS housings and knobs; tint with `color`.",
+    { color: 0x1c1d20, metalness: 0, roughness: 0.42, tintable: true }),
+  "clear-acrylic": P("clear-acrylic", "Clear acrylic", "plastic", "Transparent PMMA/polycarbonate windows and covers; tint for coloured acrylic.",
+    { color: 0xffffff, metalness: 0, roughness: 0.04, transmission: 1, thickness: 3, ior: 1.49, tintable: true }),
+  rubber: P("rubber", "Rubber", "plastic", "Matte elastomer: gaskets, feet, grips; tint with `color`.",
+    { color: 0x1a1a1a, metalness: 0, roughness: 0.9, tintable: true }),
+
+  // Wood is a full PBR texture set (colour, normal, roughness — Poly Haven scans,
+  // assets/SOURCES.md), projected triplanar in object space (patterns.js).
+  // textureScale is one tile in mm. It is NOT the scans' stated size (1.83 m oak,
+  // 2 m walnut): a 1K map spread that wide is ~2 mm a texel, so a hand-sized part
+  // showed blurred blotches and no grain. 250/400 mm keep the grain crisp at part
+  // scale and still read as plausible figure (checked in the contact sheet). `color` is the
+  // texture's average colour: what the CAD view and a 3MF export show. In realistic
+  // mode the texture carries the colour itself; an explicit `color` tints it.
+  // `roughnessMean` is the roughness map's mean, so the preset `roughness` (or an
+  // override) sets the AVERAGE roughness and the map only varies it. `normalScale`
+  // strengthens the normal map: these scans' tangent normals barely leave +Z (a
+  // ~1% tilt), which reads as flat under an environment map.
+  oak: P("oak", "Oak", "natural", "Light oak with open grain.",
+    { color: 0xa17e57, metalness: 0, roughness: 0.65, pattern: "wood", textureScale: 250,
+      textures: { color: "pattern-oak-color.jpg", normal: "pattern-oak-normal.jpg", roughness: "pattern-oak-rough.jpg", roughnessMean: 0.53, normalScale: 2.5 } }),
+  walnut: P("walnut", "Walnut", "natural", "Dark oiled walnut.",
+    { color: 0x5d2a18, metalness: 0, roughness: 0.5, clearcoat: 0.3, clearcoatRoughness: 0.4, pattern: "wood", textureScale: 400,
+      textures: { color: "pattern-walnut-color.jpg", normal: "pattern-walnut-normal.jpg", roughness: "pattern-walnut-rough.jpg", roughnessMean: 0.628, normalScale: 3 } }),
+  "carbon-fiber": P("carbon-fiber", "Carbon fibre", "natural", "2x2 twill carbon fibre under clear coat.",
+    { color: 0x1b1c1e, metalness: 0.2, roughness: 0.35, clearcoat: 1, clearcoatRoughness: 0.05, pattern: "carbon", textureScale: 48 }),
+};