ox 1.6.3 → 1.7.0

package/src/core/MlDsa44.ts

@@ -4,7 +4,9 @@ import * as Errors from './Errors.js'
 import * as Hash from './Hash.js'
 import * as Hex from './Hex.js'
 import * as Entropy from './internal/entropy.js'
+import * as keyDerivation from './internal/keyDerivation.js'
 import * as engine from './internal/mlDsa44.js'
+import * as mnemonic_ from './internal/mnemonic.js'
 
 /** Re-export of noble/post-quantum ML-DSA-44 utilities. */
 export const noble = ml_dsa44
@@ -77,8 +79,8 @@ export declare namespace createKeyPair {
  * Derives an ML-DSA-44 private key from a 32-byte WebAuthn PRF output.
  *
  * The permanent derivation contract uses the PRF output as the HMAC-SHA256
- * key. Its message is the UTF-8 bytes of `ox.mldsa44.fromPrf.v1` followed by
- * a 32-bit big-endian counter set to zero.
+ * key. The HMAC message uses the `ox.mldsa44.fromPrf.v1` domain followed by a
+ * 32-bit big-endian counter set to zero.
  *
  * @example
  * ```ts twoslash
@@ -103,7 +105,7 @@ export function fromPrf<as extends 'Hex' | 'Bytes' = 'Hex'>(
 
   const privateKey = Hash.hmac256(
     bytes,
-    Bytes.concat(fromPrfLabel, Bytes.fromNumber(0, { size: 4 })),
+    Bytes.concat(fromPrfDomain, Bytes.fromNumber(0, { size: 4 })),
     { as: 'Bytes' },
   )
   if (as === 'Hex') {
@@ -137,6 +139,115 @@ export declare namespace fromPrf {
     | Errors.GlobalErrorType
 }
 
+/**
+ * Derives an ML-DSA-44 private key from a BIP-39 mnemonic.
+ *
+ * This is equivalent to passing `Mnemonic.toSeed(mnemonic, { passphrase })`
+ * to {@link ox#MlDsa44.fromSeed}.
+ *
+ * @example
+ * ```ts twoslash
+ * import { MlDsa44 } from 'ox'
+ *
+ * const privateKey = MlDsa44.fromMnemonic(
+ *   'test test test test test test test test test test test junk'
+ * )
+ * ```
+ *
+ * @param mnemonic - BIP-39 mnemonic phrase.
+ * @param options - Options.
+ * @returns An ML-DSA-44 private key (32-byte seed).
+ */
+export function fromMnemonic<as extends 'Hex' | 'Bytes' = 'Hex'>(
+  mnemonic: string,
+  options: fromMnemonic.Options<as> = {},
+): fromMnemonic.ReturnType<as> {
+  const { passphrase } = options
+  const seed = mnemonic_.toSeed(mnemonic, passphrase)
+  try {
+    return fromSeed(seed, options)
+  } finally {
+    seed.fill(0)
+  }
+}
+
+export declare namespace fromMnemonic {
+  type Options<as extends 'Hex' | 'Bytes' = 'Hex'> = {
+    /**
+     * Format of the returned private key.
+     * @default 'Hex'
+     */
+    as?: as | 'Hex' | 'Bytes' | undefined
+    /** Optional BIP-39 passphrase. */
+    passphrase?: string | undefined
+  }
+
+  type ReturnType<as extends 'Hex' | 'Bytes'> = fromSeed.ReturnType<as>
+
+  type ErrorType = fromSeed.ErrorType
+}
+
+/**
+ * Derives an ML-DSA-44 private key from a seed.
+ *
+ * The seed must contain at least 32 bytes of cryptographically strong key
+ * material. Do not pass a password directly; use a password KDF first.
+ *
+ * The permanent derivation contract uses the seed as the HMAC-SHA256
+ * key. The HMAC message uses the `ox.mldsa44.fromSeed.v1` domain followed by a
+ * 32-bit big-endian counter set to zero.
+ *
+ * @example
+ * ```ts twoslash
+ * import { MlDsa44 } from 'ox'
+ *
+ * const privateKey = MlDsa44.fromSeed(
+ *   '0x000102030405060708090a0b0c0d0e0f101112131415161718191a1b1c1d1e1f'
+ * )
+ * ```
+ *
+ * @param seed - Seed containing at least 32 bytes of cryptographically strong key material.
+ * @param options - Options.
+ * @returns An ML-DSA-44 private key (32-byte seed).
+ */
+export function fromSeed<as extends 'Hex' | 'Bytes' = 'Hex'>(
+  seed: Hex.Hex | Bytes.Bytes,
+  options: fromSeed.Options<as> = {},
+): fromSeed.ReturnType<as> {
+  const { as = 'Hex' } = options
+  const bytes = Bytes.from(seed)
+  if (bytes.length < 32) throw new InvalidSeedSizeError({ size: bytes.length })
+
+  const privateKey = keyDerivation.derive(bytes, fromSeedDomain)
+  if (as === 'Hex') {
+    const value = Hex.fromBytes(privateKey)
+    privateKey.fill(0)
+    return value as never
+  }
+  return privateKey as never
+}
+
+export declare namespace fromSeed {
+  type Options<as extends 'Hex' | 'Bytes' = 'Hex'> = {
+    /**
+     * Format of the returned private key.
+     * @default 'Hex'
+     */
+    as?: as | 'Hex' | 'Bytes' | undefined
+  }
+
+  type ReturnType<as extends 'Hex' | 'Bytes'> =
+    | (as extends 'Bytes' ? Bytes.Bytes : never)
+    | (as extends 'Hex' ? Hex.Hex : never)
+
+  type ErrorType =
+    | Bytes.from.ErrorType
+    | Hex.fromBytes.ErrorType
+    | keyDerivation.derive.ErrorType
+    | InvalidSeedSizeError
+    | Errors.GlobalErrorType
+}
+
 /**
  * Computes the ML-DSA-44 public key from a provided private key.
  *
@@ -402,6 +513,25 @@ export declare namespace InvalidPrfSizeError {
   }
 }
 
+/** Thrown when a seed contains fewer than 32 bytes. */
+export class InvalidSeedSizeError extends Errors.BaseError {
+  override readonly name = 'MlDsa44.InvalidSeedSizeError'
+
+  constructor(options: InvalidSeedSizeError.Options) {
+    super(
+      `Seed must contain at least 32 bytes. Received ${options.size} bytes.`,
+    )
+  }
+}
+
+export declare namespace InvalidSeedSizeError {
+  /** Options for {@link ox#MlDsa44.InvalidSeedSizeError}. */
+  type Options = {
+    /** Received seed size. */
+    size: number
+  }
+}
+
 function toContextBytes(
   context: Hex.Hex | Bytes.Bytes | undefined,
 ): Bytes.Bytes | undefined {
@@ -412,4 +542,5 @@ function toContextBytes(
   return bytes
 }
 
-const fromPrfLabel = Bytes.fromString('ox.mldsa44.fromPrf.v1')
+const fromPrfDomain = Bytes.fromString('ox.mldsa44.fromPrf.v1')
+const fromSeedDomain = Bytes.fromString('ox.mldsa44.fromSeed.v1')

package/src/core/P256.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { p256 as noble_p256 } from '@noble/curves/nist.js'
 import * as Bytes from './Bytes.js'
-import type * as Errors from './Errors.js'
+import * as Errors from './Errors.js'
 import * as Hex from './Hex.js'
 import {
   formatPublicKey,
@@ -8,6 +8,8 @@ import {
   normalizePublicKey,
   normalizeSignature,
 } from './internal/cryptoIo.js'
+import * as keyDerivation from './internal/keyDerivation.js'
+import * as mnemonic_ from './internal/mnemonic.js'
 import * as engine from './internal/p256.js'
 import * as Entropy from './internal/entropy.js'
 import {
@@ -69,6 +71,117 @@ export declare namespace createKeyPair {
     | Errors.GlobalErrorType
 }
 
+/**
+ * Derives a valid P256 private key from a BIP-39 mnemonic.
+ *
+ * This is equivalent to passing `Mnemonic.toSeed(mnemonic, { passphrase })`
+ * to {@link ox#P256.fromSeed}.
+ *
+ * @example
+ * ```ts twoslash
+ * import { P256 } from 'ox'
+ *
+ * const privateKey = P256.fromMnemonic(
+ *   'test test test test test test test test test test test junk'
+ * )
+ * ```
+ *
+ * @param mnemonic - BIP-39 mnemonic phrase.
+ * @param options - Options.
+ * @returns A valid P256 private key.
+ */
+export function fromMnemonic<as extends 'Hex' | 'Bytes' = 'Hex'>(
+  mnemonic: string,
+  options: fromMnemonic.Options<as> = {},
+): fromMnemonic.ReturnType<as> {
+  const { passphrase } = options
+  const seed = mnemonic_.toSeed(mnemonic, passphrase)
+  try {
+    return fromSeed(seed, options)
+  } finally {
+    seed.fill(0)
+  }
+}
+
+export declare namespace fromMnemonic {
+  type Options<as extends 'Hex' | 'Bytes' = 'Hex'> = {
+    /**
+     * Format of the returned private key.
+     * @default 'Hex'
+     */
+    as?: as | 'Hex' | 'Bytes' | undefined
+    /** Optional BIP-39 passphrase. */
+    passphrase?: string | undefined
+  }
+
+  type ReturnType<as extends 'Hex' | 'Bytes'> = fromSeed.ReturnType<as>
+
+  type ErrorType = fromSeed.ErrorType
+}
+
+/**
+ * Derives a valid P256 private key from a seed.
+ *
+ * The seed must contain at least 32 bytes of cryptographically strong key
+ * material. Do not pass a password directly; use a password KDF first.
+ *
+ * The permanent derivation contract uses the seed as the HMAC-SHA256
+ * key. The HMAC message uses the `ox.p256.fromSeed.v1` domain followed by a
+ * 32-bit big-endian counter starting at zero. Invalid scalars are skipped.
+ *
+ * @example
+ * ```ts twoslash
+ * import { P256 } from 'ox'
+ *
+ * const privateKey = P256.fromSeed(
+ *   '0x000102030405060708090a0b0c0d0e0f101112131415161718191a1b1c1d1e1f'
+ * )
+ * ```
+ *
+ * @param seed - Seed containing at least 32 bytes of cryptographically strong key material.
+ * @param options - Options.
+ * @returns A valid P256 private key.
+ */
+export function fromSeed<as extends 'Hex' | 'Bytes' = 'Hex'>(
+  seed: Hex.Hex | Bytes.Bytes,
+  options: fromSeed.Options<as> = {},
+): fromSeed.ReturnType<as> {
+  const { as = 'Hex' } = options
+  const bytes = Bytes.from(seed)
+  if (bytes.length < 32) throw new InvalidSeedSizeError({ size: bytes.length })
+
+  const privateKey = keyDerivation.derive(bytes, fromSeedDomain, {
+    validate: noble.utils.isValidSecretKey,
+  })
+  if (as === 'Hex') {
+    const value = Hex.fromBytes(privateKey)
+    privateKey.fill(0)
+    return value as never
+  }
+  return privateKey as never
+}
+
+export declare namespace fromSeed {
+  type Options<as extends 'Hex' | 'Bytes' = 'Hex'> = {
+    /**
+     * Format of the returned private key.
+     * @default 'Hex'
+     */
+    as?: as | 'Hex' | 'Bytes' | undefined
+  }
+
+  type ReturnType<as extends 'Hex' | 'Bytes'> =
+    | (as extends 'Bytes' ? Bytes.Bytes : never)
+    | (as extends 'Hex' ? Hex.Hex : never)
+
+  type ErrorType =
+    | Bytes.from.ErrorType
+    | Hex.fromBytes.ErrorType
+    | keyDerivation.derive.ErrorType
+    | InvalidSeedSizeError
+    | Errors.GlobalErrorType
+}
+
 /**
  * Computes the P256 ECDSA public key from a provided private key.
  *
@@ -404,3 +517,24 @@ export declare namespace verify {
 
   type ErrorType = Errors.GlobalErrorType
 }
+
+/** Thrown when a seed contains fewer than 32 bytes. */
+export class InvalidSeedSizeError extends Errors.BaseError {
+  override readonly name = 'P256.InvalidSeedSizeError'
+
+  constructor(options: InvalidSeedSizeError.Options) {
+    super(
+      `Seed must contain at least 32 bytes. Received ${options.size} bytes.`,
+    )
+  }
+}
+
+export declare namespace InvalidSeedSizeError {
+  /** Options for {@link ox#P256.InvalidSeedSizeError}. */
+  type Options = {
+    /** Received seed size. */
+    size: number
+  }
+}
+
+const fromSeedDomain = Bytes.fromString('ox.p256.fromSeed.v1')

package/src/core/Secp256k1.ts

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import {
   normalizePublicKey,
   normalizeSignature,
 } from './internal/cryptoIo.js'
+import * as keyDerivation from './internal/keyDerivation.js'
 import * as engine from './internal/secp256k1.js'
 import * as Entropy from './internal/entropy.js'
 import {
@@ -18,6 +19,7 @@ import {
   toRecoveredBytes,
 } from './internal/signature.js'
 import type { OneOf } from './internal/types.js'
+import * as Mnemonic from './Mnemonic.js'
 import * as PublicKey from './PublicKey.js'
 import type * as Signature from './Signature.js'
 
@@ -76,7 +78,7 @@ export declare namespace createKeyPair {
  * Derives a valid secp256k1 private key from a 32-byte WebAuthn PRF output.
  *
  * The permanent derivation contract uses the PRF output as the HMAC-SHA256
- * key. Its message is the UTF-8 bytes of `ox.secp256k1.fromPrf.v1` followed by
+ * key. The HMAC message uses the `ox.secp256k1.fromPrf.v1` domain followed by
  * a 32-bit big-endian counter starting at zero. Invalid scalars are skipped.
  *
  * @example
@@ -103,7 +105,7 @@ export function fromPrf<as extends 'Hex' | 'Bytes' = 'Hex'>(
   for (let counter = 0; ; counter++) {
     const candidate = Hash.hmac256(
       bytes,
-      Bytes.concat(fromPrfLabel, Bytes.fromNumber(counter, { size: 4 })),
+      Bytes.concat(fromPrfDomain, Bytes.fromNumber(counter, { size: 4 })),
       { as: 'Bytes' },
     )
     if (noble.utils.isValidSecretKey(candidate)) {
@@ -141,6 +143,115 @@ export declare namespace fromPrf {
     | Errors.GlobalErrorType
 }
 
+/**
+ * Derives a valid secp256k1 private key from a BIP-39 mnemonic.
+ *
+ * This is equivalent to {@link ox#Mnemonic.toPrivateKey}, and derives the
+ * private key at `m/44'/60'/0'/0/0` by default.
+ *
+ * @example
+ * ```ts twoslash
+ * import { Secp256k1 } from 'ox'
+ *
+ * const privateKey = Secp256k1.fromMnemonic(
+ *   'test test test test test test test test test test test junk'
+ * )
+ * ```
+ *
+ * @param mnemonic - BIP-39 mnemonic phrase.
+ * @param options - Options.
+ * @returns A valid secp256k1 private key.
+ */
+export function fromMnemonic<as extends 'Hex' | 'Bytes' = 'Hex'>(
+  mnemonic: string,
+  options: fromMnemonic.Options<as> = {},
+): fromMnemonic.ReturnType<as> {
+  const { as = 'Hex', passphrase, path } = options
+  return Mnemonic.toPrivateKey(mnemonic, { as, passphrase, path }) as never
+}
+
+export declare namespace fromMnemonic {
+  type Options<as extends 'Hex' | 'Bytes' = 'Hex'> = {
+    /**
+     * Format of the returned private key.
+     * @default 'Hex'
+     */
+    as?: as | 'Hex' | 'Bytes' | undefined
+    /** Derivation path. @default `m/44'/60'/0'/0/0` */
+    path?: string | undefined
+    /** Optional BIP-39 passphrase. */
+    passphrase?: string | undefined
+  }
+
+  type ReturnType<as extends 'Hex' | 'Bytes'> =
+    Mnemonic.toPrivateKey.ReturnType<as>
+
+  type ErrorType = Mnemonic.toPrivateKey.ErrorType
+}
+
+/**
+ * Derives a valid secp256k1 private key from a seed.
+ *
+ * The seed must contain at least 32 bytes of cryptographically strong key
+ * material. Do not pass a password directly; use a password KDF first.
+ *
+ * The permanent derivation contract uses the seed as the HMAC-SHA256
+ * key. The HMAC message uses the `ox.secp256k1.fromSeed.v1` domain followed by
+ * a 32-bit big-endian counter starting at zero. Invalid scalars are skipped.
+ *
+ * @example
+ * ```ts twoslash
+ * import { Secp256k1 } from 'ox'
+ *
+ * const privateKey = Secp256k1.fromSeed(
+ *   '0x000102030405060708090a0b0c0d0e0f101112131415161718191a1b1c1d1e1f'
+ * )
+ * ```
+ *
+ * @param seed - Seed containing at least 32 bytes of cryptographically strong key material.
+ * @param options - Options.
+ * @returns A valid secp256k1 private key.
+ */
+export function fromSeed<as extends 'Hex' | 'Bytes' = 'Hex'>(
+  seed: Hex.Hex | Bytes.Bytes,
+  options: fromSeed.Options<as> = {},
+): fromSeed.ReturnType<as> {
+  const { as = 'Hex' } = options
+  const bytes = Bytes.from(seed)
+  if (bytes.length < 32) throw new InvalidSeedSizeError({ size: bytes.length })
+
+  const privateKey = keyDerivation.derive(bytes, fromSeedDomain, {
+    validate: noble.utils.isValidSecretKey,
+  })
+  if (as === 'Hex') {
+    const value = Hex.fromBytes(privateKey)
+    privateKey.fill(0)
+    return value as never
+  }
+  return privateKey as never
+}
+
+export declare namespace fromSeed {
+  type Options<as extends 'Hex' | 'Bytes' = 'Hex'> = {
+    /**
+     * Format of the returned private key.
+     * @default 'Hex'
+     */
+    as?: as | 'Hex' | 'Bytes' | undefined
+  }
+
+  type ReturnType<as extends 'Hex' | 'Bytes'> =
+    | (as extends 'Bytes' ? Bytes.Bytes : never)
+    | (as extends 'Hex' ? Hex.Hex : never)
+
+  type ErrorType =
+    | Bytes.from.ErrorType
+    | Hex.fromBytes.ErrorType
+    | keyDerivation.derive.ErrorType
+    | InvalidSeedSizeError
+    | Errors.GlobalErrorType
+}
+
 /**
  * Computes the secp256k1 ECDSA public key from a provided private key.
  *
@@ -593,4 +704,24 @@ export declare namespace InvalidPrfSizeError {
   }
 }
 
-const fromPrfLabel = Bytes.fromString('ox.secp256k1.fromPrf.v1')
+/** Thrown when a seed contains fewer than 32 bytes. */
+export class InvalidSeedSizeError extends Errors.BaseError {
+  override readonly name = 'Secp256k1.InvalidSeedSizeError'
+
+  constructor(options: InvalidSeedSizeError.Options) {
+    super(
+      `Seed must contain at least 32 bytes. Received ${options.size} bytes.`,
+    )
+  }
+}
+
+export declare namespace InvalidSeedSizeError {
+  /** Options for {@link ox#Secp256k1.InvalidSeedSizeError}. */
+  type Options = {
+    /** Received seed size. */
+    size: number
+  }
+}
+
+const fromPrfDomain = Bytes.fromString('ox.secp256k1.fromPrf.v1')
+const fromSeedDomain = Bytes.fromString('ox.secp256k1.fromSeed.v1')

package/src/core/_test/AesGcm.test-d.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+import { AesGcm } from 'ox'
+import { expectTypeOf, test } from 'vp/test'
+
+test('fromMnemonic', () => {
+  const mnemonic = 'test test test test test test test test test test test junk'
+
+  expectTypeOf(AesGcm.fromMnemonic(mnemonic)).toEqualTypeOf<
+    Promise<CryptoKey>
+  >()
+  expectTypeOf(
+    AesGcm.fromMnemonic(mnemonic, { passphrase: 'qwerty' }),
+  ).toEqualTypeOf<Promise<CryptoKey>>()
+})
+
+test('fromSeed', () => {
+  expectTypeOf(AesGcm.fromSeed(new Uint8Array(32))).toEqualTypeOf<
+    Promise<CryptoKey>
+  >()
+})

package/src/core/_test/AesGcm.test.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { AesGcm, Bytes, Hex } from 'ox'
+import { AesGcm, Bytes, Hex, Mnemonic } from 'ox'
 import { describe, expect, test } from 'vp/test'
 
 describe('decrypt', () => {
@@ -159,6 +159,92 @@ describe('fromPrf', () => {
   })
 })
 
+describe('fromMnemonic', () => {
+  const mnemonic = 'test test test test test test test test test test test junk'
+
+  test('default', async () => {
+    const key = await AesGcm.fromMnemonic(mnemonic)
+    const expectedKey = await AesGcm.fromSeed(Mnemonic.toSeed(mnemonic))
+    const value = Bytes.fromString('i am a secret message')
+    const encrypted = await AesGcm.encrypt(value, key)
+
+    await expect(AesGcm.decrypt(encrypted, expectedKey)).resolves.toEqual(value)
+  })
+
+  test('options: passphrase', async () => {
+    const key = await AesGcm.fromMnemonic(mnemonic, {
+      passphrase: 'qwerty',
+    })
+    const defaultKey = await AesGcm.fromMnemonic(mnemonic)
+    const encrypted = await AesGcm.encrypt('0xdeadbeef', key)
+
+    await expect(AesGcm.decrypt(encrypted, defaultKey)).rejects.toThrowError()
+  })
+})
+
+describe('fromSeed', () => {
+  const seed =
+    '0x000102030405060708090a0b0c0d0e0f101112131415161718191a1b1c1d1e1f'
+
+  test('vector', async () => {
+    const key = await AesGcm.fromSeed(seed)
+    const expectedKey = await globalThis.crypto.subtle.importKey(
+      'raw',
+      Bytes.fromHex(
+        '0xd42ffe5cb894ce61e9f448e8083f53b2ab90d2acad0929e80b0abb85e915cb3a',
+      ),
+      { name: 'AES-GCM' },
+      false,
+      ['decrypt'],
+    )
+    const value = Bytes.fromString('i am a secret message')
+    const encrypted = await AesGcm.encrypt(value, key)
+
+    await expect(AesGcm.decrypt(encrypted, expectedKey)).resolves.toEqual(value)
+  })
+
+  test('value: Bytes', async () => {
+    const key = await AesGcm.fromSeed(Bytes.fromHex(seed))
+    const value = Bytes.fromString('i am a secret message')
+
+    await expect(
+      AesGcm.decrypt(await AesGcm.encrypt(value, key), key),
+    ).resolves.toEqual(value)
+  })
+
+  test('behavior: accepts seeds longer than 32 bytes', async () => {
+    const key = await AesGcm.fromSeed(new Uint8Array(64))
+
+    expect({
+      algorithm: key.algorithm,
+      extractable: key.extractable,
+      type: key.type,
+      usages: key.usages,
+    }).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
+      {
+        "algorithm": {
+          "length": 256,
+          "name": "AES-GCM",
+        },
+        "extractable": false,
+        "type": "secret",
+        "usages": [
+          "encrypt",
+          "decrypt",
+        ],
+      }
+    `)
+  })
+
+  test('error: seed is too short', async () => {
+    await expect(
+      AesGcm.fromSeed(new Uint8Array(31)),
+    ).rejects.toThrowErrorMatchingInlineSnapshot(
+      `[AesGcm.InvalidSeedSizeError: Seed must contain at least 32 bytes. Received 31 bytes.]`,
+    )
+  })
+})
+
 describe('getKey', () => {
   test('default', async () => {
     const key = await AesGcm.getKey({ password: 'qwerty' })
@@ -180,9 +266,12 @@ test('exports', () => {
       "decrypt",
       "encrypt",
       "fromPrf",
+      "fromMnemonic",
+      "fromSeed",
       "getKey",
       "randomSalt",
       "InvalidPrfSizeError",
+      "InvalidSeedSizeError",
     ]
   `)
 })

package/src/core/_test/Ed25519.test-d.ts

@@ -40,6 +40,30 @@ test('fromPrf', () => {
   ).toEqualTypeOf<Bytes.Bytes>()
 })
 
+test('fromMnemonic', () => {
+  const mnemonic = 'test test test test test test test test test test test junk'
+
+  expectTypeOf(Ed25519.fromMnemonic(mnemonic)).toEqualTypeOf<Hex.Hex>()
+  expectTypeOf(
+    Ed25519.fromMnemonic(mnemonic, { passphrase: 'qwerty' }),
+  ).toEqualTypeOf<Hex.Hex>()
+  expectTypeOf(
+    Ed25519.fromMnemonic(mnemonic, { as: 'Bytes' }),
+  ).toEqualTypeOf<Bytes.Bytes>()
+})
+
+test('fromSeed', () => {
+  const seed =
+    '0x000102030405060708090a0b0c0d0e0f101112131415161718191a1b1c1d1e1f'
+
+  expectTypeOf(Ed25519.fromSeed(seed)).toEqualTypeOf<Hex.Hex>()
+  expectTypeOf(Ed25519.fromSeed(new Uint8Array(32))).toEqualTypeOf<Hex.Hex>()
+  expectTypeOf(Ed25519.fromSeed(seed, { as: 'Hex' })).toEqualTypeOf<Hex.Hex>()
+  expectTypeOf(
+    Ed25519.fromSeed(seed, { as: 'Bytes' }),
+  ).toEqualTypeOf<Bytes.Bytes>()
+})
+
 test('getPublicKey', () => {
   // Default behavior (Hex)
   {