opencode-skills-antigravity 1.0.40 → 1.0.41

package/bundled-skills/hugging-face-vision-trainer/SKILL.md

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+---
+source: "https://github.com/huggingface/skills/tree/main/skills/huggingface-vision-trainer"
+name: hugging-face-vision-trainer
+description: Train or fine-tune vision models on Hugging Face Jobs for detection, classification, and SAM or SAM2 segmentation.
+risk: unknown
+---
+
+# Vision Model Training on Hugging Face Jobs
+
+Train object detection, image classification, and SAM/SAM2 segmentation models on managed cloud GPUs. No local GPU setup required—results are automatically saved to the Hugging Face Hub.
+
+## When to Use This Skill
+
+Use this skill when users want to:
+- Fine-tune object detection models (D-FINE, RT-DETR v2, DETR, YOLOS) on cloud GPUs or local
+- Fine-tune image classification models (timm: MobileNetV3, MobileViT, ResNet, ViT/DINOv3, or any Transformers classifier) on cloud GPUs or local
+- Fine-tune SAM or SAM2 models for segmentation / image matting using bbox or point prompts
+- Train bounding-box detectors on custom datasets
+- Train image classifiers on custom datasets
+- Train segmentation models on custom mask datasets with prompts
+- Run vision training jobs on Hugging Face Jobs infrastructure
+- Ensure trained vision models are permanently saved to the Hub
+
+## Related Skills
+
+- **`hugging-face-jobs`** — General HF Jobs infrastructure: token authentication, hardware flavors, timeout management, cost estimation, secrets, environment variables, scheduled jobs, and result persistence. **Refer to the Jobs skill for any non-training-specific Jobs questions** (e.g., "how do secrets work?", "what hardware is available?", "how do I pass tokens?").
+- **`hugging-face-model-trainer`** — TRL-based language model training (SFT, DPO, GRPO). Use that skill for text/language model fine-tuning.
+
+## Local Script Execution
+
+Helper scripts use PEP 723 inline dependencies. Run them with `uv run`:
+```bash
+uv run scripts/dataset_inspector.py --dataset username/dataset-name --split train
+uv run scripts/estimate_cost.py --help
+```
+
+## Prerequisites Checklist
+
+Before starting any training job, verify:
+
+### Account & Authentication
+- Hugging Face Account with [Pro](https://hf.co/pro), [Team](https://hf.co/enterprise), or [Enterprise](https://hf.co/enterprise) plan (Jobs require paid plan)
+- Authenticated login: Check with `hf_whoami()` (tool) or `hf auth whoami` (terminal)
+- Token has **write** permissions
+- **MUST pass token in job secrets** — see directive #3 below for syntax (MCP tool vs Python API)
+
+### Dataset Requirements — Object Detection
+- Dataset must exist on Hub
+- Annotations must use the `objects` column with `bbox`, `category` (and optionally `area`) sub-fields
+- Bboxes can be in **xywh (COCO)** or **xyxy (Pascal VOC)** format — auto-detected and converted
+- Categories can be **integers or strings** — strings are auto-remapped to integer IDs
+- `image_id` column is **optional** — generated automatically if missing
+- **ALWAYS validate unknown datasets** before GPU training (see Dataset Validation section)
+
+### Dataset Requirements — Image Classification
+- Dataset must exist on Hub
+- Must have an **`image` column** (PIL images) and a **`label` column** (integer class IDs or strings)
+- The label column can be `ClassLabel` type (with names) or plain integers/strings — strings are auto-remapped
+- Common column names auto-detected: `label`, `labels`, `class`, `fine_label`
+- **ALWAYS validate unknown datasets** before GPU training (see Dataset Validation section)
+
+### Dataset Requirements — SAM/SAM2 Segmentation
+- Dataset must exist on Hub
+- Must have an **`image` column** (PIL images) and a **`mask` column** (binary ground-truth segmentation mask)
+- Must have a **prompt** — either:
+  - A **`prompt` column** with JSON containing `{"bbox": [x0,y0,x1,y1]}` or `{"point": [x,y]}`
+  - OR a dedicated **`bbox`** column with `[x0,y0,x1,y1]` values
+  - OR a dedicated **`point`** column with `[x,y]` or `[[x,y],...]` values
+- Bboxes should be in **xyxy** format (absolute pixel coordinates)
+- Example dataset: `merve/MicroMat-mini` (image matting with bbox prompts)
+- **ALWAYS validate unknown datasets** before GPU training (see Dataset Validation section)
+
+### Critical Settings
+- **Timeout must exceed expected training time** — Default 30min is TOO SHORT. See directive #6 for recommended values.
+- **Hub push must be enabled** — `push_to_hub=True`, `hub_model_id="username/model-name"`, token in `secrets`
+
+## Dataset Validation
+
+**Validate dataset format BEFORE launching GPU training to prevent the #1 cause of training failures: format mismatches.**
+
+**ALWAYS validate for** unknown/custom datasets or any dataset you haven't trained with before. **Skip for** `cppe-5` (the default in the training script).
+
+### Running the Inspector
+
+**Option 1: Via HF Jobs (recommended — avoids local SSL/dependency issues):**
+```python
+hf_jobs("uv", {
+    "script": "path/to/dataset_inspector.py",
+    "script_args": ["--dataset", "username/dataset-name", "--split", "train"]
+})
+```
+
+**Option 2: Locally:**
+```bash
+uv run scripts/dataset_inspector.py --dataset username/dataset-name --split train
+```
+
+**Option 3: Via `HfApi().run_uv_job()` (if hf_jobs MCP unavailable):**
+```python
+from huggingface_hub import HfApi
+api = HfApi()
+api.run_uv_job(
+    script="scripts/dataset_inspector.py",
+    script_args=["--dataset", "username/dataset-name", "--split", "train"],
+    flavor="cpu-basic",
+    timeout=300,
+)
+```
+
+### Reading Results
+
+- **`✓ READY`** — Dataset is compatible, use directly
+- **`✗ NEEDS FORMATTING`** — Needs preprocessing (mapping code provided in output)
+
+## Automatic Bbox Preprocessing
+
+The object detection training script (`scripts/object_detection_training.py`) automatically handles bbox format detection (xyxy→xywh conversion), bbox sanitization, `image_id` generation, string category→integer remapping, and dataset truncation. **No manual preprocessing needed** — just ensure the dataset has `objects.bbox` and `objects.category` columns.
+
+## Training workflow
+
+Copy this checklist and track progress:
+
+```
+Training Progress:
+- [ ] Step 1: Verify prerequisites (account, token, dataset)
+- [ ] Step 2: Validate dataset format (run dataset_inspector.py)
+- [ ] Step 3: Ask user about dataset size and validation split
+- [ ] Step 4: Prepare training script (OD: scripts/object_detection_training.py, IC: scripts/image_classification_training.py, SAM: scripts/sam_segmentation_training.py)
+- [ ] Step 5: Save script locally, submit job, and report details
+```
+
+**Step 1: Verify prerequisites**
+
+Follow the Prerequisites Checklist above.
+
+**Step 2: Validate dataset**
+
+Run the dataset inspector BEFORE spending GPU time. See "Dataset Validation" section above.
+
+**Step 3: Ask user preferences**
+
+ALWAYS use the AskUserQuestion tool with option-style format:
+
+```python
+AskUserQuestion({
+    "questions": [
+        {
+            "question": "Do you want to run a quick test with a subset of the data first?",
+            "header": "Dataset Size",
+            "options": [
+                {"label": "Quick test run (10% of data)", "description": "Faster, cheaper (~30-60 min, ~$2-5) to validate setup"},
+                {"label": "Full dataset (Recommended)", "description": "Complete training for best model quality"}
+            ],
+            "multiSelect": false
+        },
+        {
+            "question": "Do you want to create a validation split from the training data?",
+            "header": "Split data",
+            "options": [
+                {"label": "Yes (Recommended)", "description": "Automatically split 15% of training data for validation"},
+                {"label": "No", "description": "Use existing validation split from dataset"}
+            ],
+            "multiSelect": false
+        },
+        {
+            "question": "Which GPU hardware do you want to use?",
+            "header": "Hardware Flavor",
+            "options": [
+                {"label": "t4-small ($0.40/hr)", "description": "1x T4, 16 GB VRAM — sufficient for all OD models under 100M params"},
+                {"label": "l4x1 ($0.80/hr)", "description": "1x L4, 24 GB VRAM — more headroom for large images or batch sizes"},
+                {"label": "a10g-large ($1.50/hr)", "description": "1x A10G, 24 GB VRAM — faster training, more CPU/RAM"},
+                {"label": "a100-large ($2.50/hr)", "description": "1x A100, 80 GB VRAM — fastest, for very large datasets or image sizes"}
+            ],
+            "multiSelect": false
+        }
+    ]
+})
+```
+
+**Step 4: Prepare training script**
+
+For object detection, use [scripts/object_detection_training.py](scripts/object_detection_training.py) as the production-ready template. For image classification, use [scripts/image_classification_training.py](scripts/image_classification_training.py). For SAM/SAM2 segmentation, use [scripts/sam_segmentation_training.py](scripts/sam_segmentation_training.py). All scripts use `HfArgumentParser` — all configuration is passed via CLI arguments in `script_args`, NOT by editing Python variables. For timm model details, see [references/timm_trainer.md](references/timm_trainer.md). For SAM2 training details, see [references/finetune_sam2_trainer.md](references/finetune_sam2_trainer.md).
+
+**Step 5: Save script, submit job, and report**
+
+1. **Save the script locally** to `submitted_jobs/` in the workspace root (create if needed) with a descriptive name like `training_<dataset>_<YYYYMMDD_HHMMSS>.py`. Tell the user the path.
+2. **Submit** using `hf_jobs` MCP tool (preferred) or `HfApi().run_uv_job()` — see directive #1 for both methods. Pass all config via `script_args`.
+3. **Report** the job ID (from `.id` attribute), monitoring URL, Trackio dashboard (`https://huggingface.co/spaces/{username}/trackio`), expected time, and estimated cost.
+4. **Wait for user** to request status checks — don't poll automatically. Training jobs run asynchronously and can take hours.
+
+## Critical directives
+
+These rules prevent common failures. Follow them exactly.
+
+### 1. Job submission: `hf_jobs` MCP tool vs Python API
+
+**`hf_jobs()` is an MCP tool, NOT a Python function.** Do NOT try to import it from `huggingface_hub`. Call it as a tool:
+
+```
+hf_jobs("uv", {"script": training_script_content, "flavor": "a10g-large", "timeout": "4h", "secrets": {"HF_TOKEN": "$HF_TOKEN"}})
+```
+
+**If `hf_jobs` MCP tool is unavailable**, use the Python API directly:
+
+```python
+from huggingface_hub import HfApi, get_token
+api = HfApi()
+job_info = api.run_uv_job(
+    script="path/to/training_script.py",  # file PATH, NOT content
+    script_args=["--dataset_name", "cppe-5", ...],
+    flavor="a10g-large",
+    timeout=14400,  # seconds (4 hours)
+    env={"PYTHONUNBUFFERED": "1"},
+    secrets={"HF_TOKEN": get_token()},  # MUST use get_token(), NOT "$HF_TOKEN"
+)
+print(f"Job ID: {job_info.id}")
+```
+
+**Critical differences between the two methods:**
+
+| | `hf_jobs` MCP tool | `HfApi().run_uv_job()` |
+|---|---|---|
+| `script` param | Python code string or URL (NOT local paths) | File path to `.py` file (NOT content) |
+| Token in secrets | `"$HF_TOKEN"` (auto-replaced) | `get_token()` (actual token value) |
+| Timeout format | String (`"4h"`) | Seconds (`14400`) |
+
+**Rules for both methods:**
+- The training script MUST include PEP 723 inline metadata with dependencies
+- Do NOT use `image` or `command` parameters (those belong to `run_job()`, not `run_uv_job()`)
+
+### 2. Authentication via job secrets + explicit hub_token injection
+
+**Job config** MUST include the token in secrets — syntax depends on submission method (see table above).
+
+**Training script requirement:** The Transformers `Trainer` calls `create_repo(token=self.args.hub_token)` during `__init__()` when `push_to_hub=True`. The training script MUST inject `HF_TOKEN` into `training_args.hub_token` AFTER parsing args but BEFORE creating the `Trainer`. The template `scripts/object_detection_training.py` already includes this:
+
+```python
+hf_token = os.environ.get("HF_TOKEN")
+if training_args.push_to_hub and not training_args.hub_token:
+    if hf_token:
+        training_args.hub_token = hf_token
+```
+
+If you write a custom script, you MUST include this token injection before the `Trainer(...)` call.
+
+- Do NOT call `login()` in custom scripts unless replicating the full pattern from `scripts/object_detection_training.py`
+- Do NOT rely on implicit token resolution (`hub_token=None`) — unreliable in Jobs
+- See the `hugging-face-jobs` skill → *Token Usage Guide* for full details
+
+### 3. JobInfo attribute
+
+Access the job identifier using `.id` (NOT `.job_id` or `.name` — these don't exist):
+
+```python
+job_info = api.run_uv_job(...)  # or hf_jobs("uv", {...})
+job_id = job_info.id  # Correct -- returns string like "687fb701029421ae5549d998"
+```
+
+### 4. Required training flags and HfArgumentParser boolean syntax
+
+`scripts/object_detection_training.py` uses `HfArgumentParser` — all config is passed via `script_args`. Boolean arguments have two syntaxes:
+
+- **`bool` fields** (e.g., `push_to_hub`, `do_train`): Use as bare flags (`--push_to_hub`) or negate with `--no_` prefix (`--no_remove_unused_columns`)
+- **`Optional[bool]` fields** (e.g., `greater_is_better`): MUST pass explicit value (`--greater_is_better True`). Bare `--greater_is_better` causes `error: expected one argument`
+
+Required flags for object detection:
+
+```
+--no_remove_unused_columns          # MUST: preserves image column for pixel_values
+--no_eval_do_concat_batches         # MUST: images have different numbers of target boxes
+--push_to_hub                       # MUST: environment is ephemeral
+--hub_model_id username/model-name
+--metric_for_best_model eval_map
+--greater_is_better True            # MUST pass "True" explicitly (Optional[bool])
+--do_train
+--do_eval
+```
+
+Required flags for image classification:
+
+```
+--no_remove_unused_columns          # MUST: preserves image column for pixel_values
+--push_to_hub                       # MUST: environment is ephemeral
+--hub_model_id username/model-name
+--metric_for_best_model eval_accuracy
+--greater_is_better True            # MUST pass "True" explicitly (Optional[bool])
+--do_train
+--do_eval
+```
+
+Required flags for SAM/SAM2 segmentation:
+
+```
+--remove_unused_columns False       # MUST: preserves input_boxes/input_points
+--push_to_hub                       # MUST: environment is ephemeral
+--hub_model_id username/model-name
+--do_train
+--prompt_type bbox                  # or "point"
+--dataloader_pin_memory False       # MUST: avoids pin_memory issues with custom collator
+```
+
+### 5. Timeout management
+
+Default 30 min is TOO SHORT for object detection. Set minimum 2-4 hours. Add 30% buffer for model loading, preprocessing, and Hub push.
+
+| Scenario | Timeout |
+|----------|---------|
+| Quick test (100-200 images, 5-10 epochs) | 1h |
+| Development (500-1K images, 15-20 epochs) | 2-3h |
+| Production (1K-5K images, 30 epochs) | 4-6h |
+| Large dataset (5K+ images) | 6-12h |
+
+### 6. Trackio monitoring
+
+Trackio is **always enabled** in the object detection training script — it calls `trackio.init()` and `trackio.finish()` automatically. No need to pass `--report_to trackio`. The project name is taken from `--output_dir` and the run name from `--run_name`. For image classification, pass `--report_to trackio` in `TrainingArguments`.
+
+Dashboard at: `https://huggingface.co/spaces/{username}/trackio`
+
+## Model & hardware selection
+
+### Recommended object detection models
+
+| Model | Params | Use case |
+|-------|--------|----------|
+| `ustc-community/dfine-small-coco` | 10.4M | Best starting point — fast, cheap, SOTA quality |
+| `PekingU/rtdetr_v2_r18vd` | 20.2M | Lightweight real-time detector |
+| `ustc-community/dfine-large-coco` | 31.4M | Higher accuracy, still efficient |
+| `PekingU/rtdetr_v2_r50vd` | 43M | Strong real-time baseline |
+| `ustc-community/dfine-xlarge-obj365` | 63.5M | Best accuracy (pretrained on Objects365) |
+| `PekingU/rtdetr_v2_r101vd` | 76M | Largest RT-DETR v2 variant |
+
+Start with `ustc-community/dfine-small-coco` for fast iteration. Move to D-FINE Large or RT-DETR v2 R50 for better accuracy.
+
+### Recommended image classification models
+
+All `timm/` models work out of the box via `AutoModelForImageClassification` (loaded as `TimmWrapperForImageClassification`). See [references/timm_trainer.md](references/timm_trainer.md) for details.
+
+| Model | Params | Use case |
+|-------|--------|----------|
+| `timm/mobilenetv3_small_100.lamb_in1k` | 2.5M | Ultra-lightweight — mobile/edge, fastest training |
+| `timm/mobilevit_s.cvnets_in1k` | 5.6M | Mobile transformer — good accuracy/speed trade-off |
+| `timm/resnet50.a1_in1k` | 25.6M | Strong CNN baseline — reliable, well-studied |
+| `timm/vit_base_patch16_dinov3.lvd1689m` | 86.6M | Best accuracy — DINOv3 self-supervised ViT |
+
+Start with `timm/mobilenetv3_small_100.lamb_in1k` for fast iteration. Move to `timm/resnet50.a1_in1k` or `timm/vit_base_patch16_dinov3.lvd1689m` for better accuracy.
+
+### Recommended SAM/SAM2 segmentation models
+
+| Model | Params | Use case |
+|-------|--------|----------|
+| `facebook/sam2.1-hiera-tiny` | 38.9M | Fastest SAM2 — good for quick experiments |
+| `facebook/sam2.1-hiera-small` | 46.0M | Best starting point — good quality/speed balance |
+| `facebook/sam2.1-hiera-base-plus` | 80.8M | Higher capacity for complex segmentation |
+| `facebook/sam2.1-hiera-large` | 224.4M | Best SAM2 accuracy — requires more VRAM |
+| `facebook/sam-vit-base` | 93.7M | Original SAM — ViT-B backbone |
+| `facebook/sam-vit-large` | 312.3M | Original SAM — ViT-L backbone |
+| `facebook/sam-vit-huge` | 641.1M | Original SAM — ViT-H, best SAM v1 accuracy |
+
+Start with `facebook/sam2.1-hiera-small` for fast iteration. SAM2 models are generally more efficient than SAM v1 at similar quality. Only the mask decoder is trained by default (vision and prompt encoders are frozen).
+
+### Hardware recommendation
+
+All recommended OD and IC models are under 100M params — **`t4-small` (16 GB VRAM, $0.40/hr) is sufficient for all of them.** Image classification models are generally smaller and faster than object detection models — `t4-small` handles even ViT-Base comfortably. For SAM2 models up to `hiera-base-plus`, `t4-small` is sufficient since only the mask decoder is trained. For `sam2.1-hiera-large` or SAM v1 models, use `l4x1` or `a10g-large`. Only upgrade if you hit OOM from large batch sizes — reduce batch size first before switching hardware. Common upgrade path: `t4-small` → `l4x1` ($0.80/hr, 24 GB) → `a10g-large` ($1.50/hr, 24 GB).
+
+For full hardware flavor list: refer to the `hugging-face-jobs` skill. For cost estimation: run `scripts/estimate_cost.py`.
+
+## Quick start — Object Detection
+
+The `script_args` below are the same for both submission methods. See directive #1 for the critical differences between them.
+
+```python
+OD_SCRIPT_ARGS = [
+    "--model_name_or_path", "ustc-community/dfine-small-coco",
+    "--dataset_name", "cppe-5",
+    "--image_square_size", "640",
+    "--output_dir", "dfine_finetuned",
+    "--num_train_epochs", "30",
+    "--per_device_train_batch_size", "8",
+    "--learning_rate", "5e-5",
+    "--eval_strategy", "epoch",
+    "--save_strategy", "epoch",
+    "--save_total_limit", "2",
+    "--load_best_model_at_end",
+    "--metric_for_best_model", "eval_map",
+    "--greater_is_better", "True",
+    "--no_remove_unused_columns",
+    "--no_eval_do_concat_batches",
+    "--push_to_hub",
+    "--hub_model_id", "username/model-name",
+    "--do_train",
+    "--do_eval",
+]
+```
+
+```python
+from huggingface_hub import HfApi, get_token
+api = HfApi()
+job_info = api.run_uv_job(
+    script="scripts/object_detection_training.py",
+    script_args=OD_SCRIPT_ARGS,
+    flavor="t4-small",
+    timeout=14400,
+    env={"PYTHONUNBUFFERED": "1"},
+    secrets={"HF_TOKEN": get_token()},
+)
+print(f"Job ID: {job_info.id}")
+```
+
+### Key OD `script_args`
+
+- `--model_name_or_path` — recommended: `"ustc-community/dfine-small-coco"` (see model table above)
+- `--dataset_name` — the Hub dataset ID
+- `--image_square_size` — 480 (fast iteration) or 800 (better accuracy)
+- `--hub_model_id` — `"username/model-name"` for Hub persistence
+- `--num_train_epochs` — 30 typical for convergence
+- `--train_val_split` — fraction to split for validation (default 0.15), set if dataset lacks a validation split
+- `--max_train_samples` — truncate training set (useful for quick test runs, e.g. `"785"` for ~10% of a 7.8K dataset)
+- `--max_eval_samples` — truncate evaluation set
+
+## Quick start — Image Classification
+
+```python
+IC_SCRIPT_ARGS = [
+    "--model_name_or_path", "timm/mobilenetv3_small_100.lamb_in1k",
+    "--dataset_name", "ethz/food101",
+    "--output_dir", "food101_classifier",
+    "--num_train_epochs", "5",
+    "--per_device_train_batch_size", "32",
+    "--per_device_eval_batch_size", "32",
+    "--learning_rate", "5e-5",
+    "--eval_strategy", "epoch",
+    "--save_strategy", "epoch",
+    "--save_total_limit", "2",
+    "--load_best_model_at_end",
+    "--metric_for_best_model", "eval_accuracy",
+    "--greater_is_better", "True",
+    "--no_remove_unused_columns",
+    "--push_to_hub",
+    "--hub_model_id", "username/food101-classifier",
+    "--do_train",
+    "--do_eval",
+]
+```
+
+```python
+from huggingface_hub import HfApi, get_token
+api = HfApi()
+job_info = api.run_uv_job(
+    script="scripts/image_classification_training.py",
+    script_args=IC_SCRIPT_ARGS,
+    flavor="t4-small",
+    timeout=7200,
+    env={"PYTHONUNBUFFERED": "1"},
+    secrets={"HF_TOKEN": get_token()},
+)
+print(f"Job ID: {job_info.id}")
+```
+
+### Key IC `script_args`
+
+- `--model_name_or_path` — any `timm/` model or Transformers classification model (see model table above)
+- `--dataset_name` — the Hub dataset ID
+- `--image_column_name` — column containing PIL images (default: `"image"`)
+- `--label_column_name` — column containing class labels (default: `"label"`)
+- `--hub_model_id` — `"username/model-name"` for Hub persistence
+- `--num_train_epochs` — 3-5 typical for classification (fewer than OD)
+- `--per_device_train_batch_size` — 16-64 (classification models use less memory than OD)
+- `--train_val_split` — fraction to split for validation (default 0.15), set if dataset lacks a validation split
+- `--max_train_samples` / `--max_eval_samples` — truncate for quick tests
+
+## Quick start — SAM/SAM2 Segmentation
+
+```python
+SAM_SCRIPT_ARGS = [
+    "--model_name_or_path", "facebook/sam2.1-hiera-small",
+    "--dataset_name", "merve/MicroMat-mini",
+    "--prompt_type", "bbox",
+    "--prompt_column_name", "prompt",
+    "--output_dir", "sam2-finetuned",
+    "--num_train_epochs", "30",
+    "--per_device_train_batch_size", "4",
+    "--learning_rate", "1e-5",
+    "--logging_steps", "1",
+    "--save_strategy", "epoch",
+    "--save_total_limit", "2",
+    "--remove_unused_columns", "False",
+    "--dataloader_pin_memory", "False",
+    "--push_to_hub",
+    "--hub_model_id", "username/sam2-finetuned",
+    "--do_train",
+    "--report_to", "trackio",
+]
+```
+
+```python
+from huggingface_hub import HfApi, get_token
+api = HfApi()
+job_info = api.run_uv_job(
+    script="scripts/sam_segmentation_training.py",
+    script_args=SAM_SCRIPT_ARGS,
+    flavor="t4-small",
+    timeout=7200,
+    env={"PYTHONUNBUFFERED": "1"},
+    secrets={"HF_TOKEN": get_token()},
+)
+print(f"Job ID: {job_info.id}")
+```
+
+### Key SAM `script_args`
+
+- `--model_name_or_path` — SAM or SAM2 model (see model table above); auto-detects SAM vs SAM2
+- `--dataset_name` — the Hub dataset ID (e.g., `"merve/MicroMat-mini"`)
+- `--prompt_type` — `"bbox"` or `"point"` — type of prompt in the dataset
+- `--prompt_column_name` — column with JSON-encoded prompts (default: `"prompt"`)
+- `--bbox_column_name` — dedicated bbox column (alternative to JSON prompt column)
+- `--point_column_name` — dedicated point column (alternative to JSON prompt column)
+- `--mask_column_name` — column with ground-truth masks (default: `"mask"`)
+- `--hub_model_id` — `"username/model-name"` for Hub persistence
+- `--num_train_epochs` — 20-30 typical for SAM fine-tuning
+- `--per_device_train_batch_size` — 2-4 (SAM models use significant memory)
+- `--freeze_vision_encoder` / `--freeze_prompt_encoder` — freeze encoder weights (default: both frozen, only mask decoder trains)
+- `--train_val_split` — fraction to split for validation (default 0.1)
+
+## Checking job status
+
+**MCP tool (if available):**
+```
+hf_jobs("ps")                                   # List all jobs
+hf_jobs("logs", {"job_id": "your-job-id"})      # View logs
+hf_jobs("inspect", {"job_id": "your-job-id"})   # Job details
+```
+
+**Python API fallback:**
+```python
+from huggingface_hub import HfApi
+api = HfApi()
+api.list_jobs()                                  # List all jobs
+api.get_job_logs(job_id="your-job-id")           # View logs
+api.get_job(job_id="your-job-id")                # Job details
+```
+
+## Common failure modes
+
+### OOM (CUDA out of memory)
+Reduce `per_device_train_batch_size` (try 4, then 2), reduce `IMAGE_SIZE`, or upgrade hardware.
+
+### Dataset format errors
+Run `scripts/dataset_inspector.py` first. The training script auto-detects xyxy vs xywh, converts string categories to integer IDs, and adds `image_id` if missing. Ensure `objects.bbox` contains 4-value coordinate lists in absolute pixels and `objects.category` contains either integer IDs or string labels.
+
+### Hub push failures (401)
+Verify: (1) job secrets include token (see directive #2), (2) script sets `training_args.hub_token` BEFORE creating the `Trainer`, (3) `push_to_hub=True` is set, (4) correct `hub_model_id`, (5) token has write permissions.
+
+### Job timeout
+Increase timeout (see directive #5 table), reduce epochs/dataset, or use checkpoint strategy with `hub_strategy="every_save"`.
+
+### KeyError: 'test' (missing test split)
+The object detection training script handles this gracefully — it falls back to the `validation` split. Ensure you're using the latest `scripts/object_detection_training.py`.
+
+### Single-class dataset: "iteration over a 0-d tensor"
+`torchmetrics.MeanAveragePrecision` returns scalar (0-d) tensors for per-class metrics when there's only one class. The template `scripts/object_detection_training.py` handles this by calling `.unsqueeze(0)` on these tensors. Ensure you're using the latest template.
+
+### Poor detection performance (mAP < 0.15)
+Increase epochs (30-50), ensure 500+ images, check per-class mAP for imbalanced classes, try different learning rates (1e-5 to 1e-4), increase image size.
+
+For comprehensive troubleshooting: see [references/reliability_principles.md](references/reliability_principles.md)
+
+## Reference files
+
+- [scripts/object_detection_training.py](scripts/object_detection_training.py) — Production-ready object detection training script
+- [scripts/image_classification_training.py](scripts/image_classification_training.py) — Production-ready image classification training script (supports timm models)
+- [scripts/sam_segmentation_training.py](scripts/sam_segmentation_training.py) — Production-ready SAM/SAM2 segmentation training script (bbox & point prompts)
+- [scripts/dataset_inspector.py](scripts/dataset_inspector.py) — Validate dataset format for OD, classification, and SAM segmentation
+- [scripts/estimate_cost.py](scripts/estimate_cost.py) — Estimate training costs for any vision model (includes SAM/SAM2)
+- [references/object_detection_training_notebook.md](references/object_detection_training_notebook.md) — Object detection training workflow, augmentation strategies, and training patterns
+- [references/image_classification_training_notebook.md](references/image_classification_training_notebook.md) — Image classification training workflow with ViT, preprocessing, and evaluation
+- [references/finetune_sam2_trainer.md](references/finetune_sam2_trainer.md) — SAM2 fine-tuning walkthrough with MicroMat dataset, DiceCE loss, and Trainer integration
+- [references/timm_trainer.md](references/timm_trainer.md) — Using timm models with HF Trainer (TimmWrapper, transforms, full example)
+- [references/hub_saving.md](references/hub_saving.md) — Detailed Hub persistence guide and verification checklist
+- [references/reliability_principles.md](references/reliability_principles.md) — Failure prevention principles from production experience
+
+## External links
+
+- [Transformers Object Detection Guide](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/tasks/object_detection)
+- [Transformers Image Classification Guide](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/tasks/image_classification)
+- [DETR Model Documentation](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/detr)
+- [ViT Model Documentation](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/vit)
+- [HF Jobs Guide](https://huggingface.co/docs/huggingface_hub/guides/jobs) — Main Jobs documentation
+- [HF Jobs Configuration](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/en/jobs-configuration) — Hardware, secrets, timeouts, namespaces
+- [HF Jobs CLI Reference](https://huggingface.co/docs/huggingface_hub/guides/cli#hf-jobs) — Command line interface
+- [Object Detection Models](https://huggingface.co/models?pipeline_tag=object-detection)
+- [Image Classification Models](https://huggingface.co/models?pipeline_tag=image-classification)
+- [SAM2 Model Documentation](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/sam2)
+- [SAM Model Documentation](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/sam)
+- [Object Detection Datasets](https://huggingface.co/datasets?task_categories=task_categories:object-detection)
+- [Image Classification Datasets](https://huggingface.co/datasets?task_categories=task_categories:image-classification)