openclaw-hybrid-memory 2026.7.53 → 2026.7.54

package/dist/services/passive-observer.js

@@ -365,6 +365,11 @@ async function runPassiveObserver(factsDb, vectorDb, embeddings, openai, config,
 			if (!chunk.trim()) continue;
 			chunksAttempted++;
 			result.chunksProcessed++;
+			const chunkProgressNowMs = Date.now();
+			if (chunkProgressNowMs - lastProgressLogMs >= PASSIVE_OBSERVER_PROGRESS_LOG_INTERVAL_MS) {
+				lastProgressLogMs = chunkProgressNowMs;
+				logger.info(`memory-hybrid: passive-observer — progress: session ${sessionIdx + 1}/${sessions.length} (${sessionId}) chunk ${chunksAttempted}/${chunks.length} chunksProcessed=${result.chunksProcessed} factsExtracted=${result.factsExtracted} factsStored=${result.factsStored}`);
+			}
 			const filledPrompt = fillPrompt(prompt, {
 				categories: allCategories.join(", "),
 				transcript: chunk

package/dist/services/passive-observer.js.map

@@ -1 +1 @@
-{"version":3,"file":"passive-observer.js","names":[],"sources":["../../services/passive-observer.ts"],"sourcesContent":["/**\n * Passive Observer Service — background fact extraction from session transcripts.\n *\n * Tails session JSONL logs, extracts facts via a cheap LLM, deduplicates against\n * recent stored facts (embedding similarity), and inserts to SQLite + LanceDB.\n *\n * Design differences from reflection:\n * - Trigger: automatic (interval) vs agent-initiated\n * - Input: raw transcripts vs already-stored facts\n * - Purpose: capture missed facts vs synthesize patterns\n * - Model: cheap nano tier vs session model\n */\n\nimport { existsSync, readdirSync } from \"node:fs\";\nimport { mkdir, open, readFile, stat, writeFile } from \"node:fs/promises\";\nimport { homedir } from \"node:os\";\nimport { dirname, join } from \"node:path\";\nimport type OpenAI from \"openai\";\nimport type { EventLog } from \"../backends/event-log.js\";\nimport { categoryToEventType } from \"../backends/event-log.js\";\nimport type { FactsDB } from \"../backends/facts-db.js\";\nimport type { VectorDB } from \"../backends/vector-db.js\";\nimport type { MemoryCategory, ReinforcementConfig } from \"../config.js\";\nimport { nowIso } from \"../utils/dates.js\";\nimport {\n  capTimeoutByMaintenanceRunDeadline,\n  getMaintenanceRunAbortSignal,\n  maintenanceRunDeadlineReached,\n} from \"../utils/maintenance-run-deadline.js\";\nimport { fillPrompt, loadPrompt } from \"../utils/prompt-loader.js\";\nimport { chunkTextByChars } from \"../utils/text.js\";\nimport { runCaptureStoreWithDedupWindow } from \"./capture-dedup.js\";\nimport { chatCompleteWithRetry, LLMRetryError, resolveMaintenanceChatTimeoutMs } from \"./chat.js\";\nimport { CostFeature } from \"./cost-feature-labels.js\";\nimport type { EmbeddingProvider } from \"./embeddings.js\";\nimport { shouldSuppressEmbeddingError } from \"./embeddings.js\";\nimport { capturePluginError } from \"./error-reporter.js\";\nimport type { ProvenanceService } from \"./provenance.js\";\nimport {\n  isSubstantiveMemoryText,\n  prepareMemoryMetadataForStorage,\n  prepareMemoryTextForStorage,\n} from \"./recalled-context-assembler.js\";\nimport { dotProductSimilarity, normalizeVector } from \"./reflection.js\";\nimport { cleanupEvictedVector } from \"./vector-maintenance.js\";\n\n// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------\n// Types\n// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------\n\nexport interface PassiveObserverConfig {\n  enabled: boolean;\n  intervalMinutes: number;\n  model?: string;\n  maxCharsPerChunk: number;\n  minImportance: number;\n  deduplicationThreshold: number;\n  sessionsDir?: string;\n}\n\n/** One extracted fact from the LLM response. */\nexport interface ExtractedFact {\n  text: string;\n  category: string;\n  importance: number;\n}\n\n/** Per-session cursor: tracks byte offset into the session file. */\ntype SessionCursors = Record<string, number>;\n\ninterface ObserverRunResult {\n  sessionsScanned: number;\n  chunksProcessed: number;\n  factsExtracted: number;\n  factsStored: number;\n  factsReinforced: number;\n  errors: number;\n}\n\n// Track consecutive failures across runs to prevent infinite retries on bad session files.\nconst consecutiveFailures = new Map<string, number>();\n\n/** Returns true when the error is an ENOENT (file not found) OS error. */\nconst isEnoent = (err: unknown): boolean => (err as NodeJS.ErrnoException).code === \"ENOENT\";\n\n/**\n * Whether a basename under the OpenClaw sessions dir should be scanned for passive extraction.\n * Excludes `.checkpoint.` sidecars (often a single multi‑MB JSON line — not chat transcripts)\n * and `.deleted*` tombstones (same convention as procedure-extractor).\n */\nexport function isPassiveObserverTranscriptCandidate(basename: string): boolean {\n  return (\n    basename.endsWith(\".jsonl\") &&\n    !basename.startsWith(\".deleted\") &&\n    !basename.includes(\".checkpoint.\") &&\n    !basename.includes(\".trajectory.\")\n  );\n}\n\n// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------\n// JSONL text extraction\n// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------\n\n/** Maximum length per message when building the transcript block. */\nconst MAX_MSG_LENGTH = 500;\n/** Hard cap on bytes read per session per run to avoid unbounded JSONL reads. */\nconst MAX_JSONL_BYTES_PER_RUN = 2_000_000;\n/** Per-session progress log throttle, matching the orchestrator's per-step heartbeat cadence (#2032). */\nconst PASSIVE_OBSERVER_PROGRESS_LOG_INTERVAL_MS = 60_000;\n\n/**\n * Extract readable text from a raw JSONL transcript chunk.\n * Pulls user messages and assistant text blocks — skips tool calls and results\n * to keep the prompt focused on natural language content.\n */\nexport function extractTextFromJsonlChunk(chunk: string): string {\n  const lines = chunk.split(\"\\n\").filter((l) => l.trim());\n  const parts: string[] = [];\n\n  for (const line of lines) {\n    let obj: unknown;\n    try {\n      obj = JSON.parse(line);\n    } catch {\n      continue;\n    }\n    if (!obj || typeof obj !== \"object\") continue;\n\n    const msg = (obj as Record<string, unknown>).message as Record<string, unknown> | undefined;\n    if (!msg || typeof msg !== \"object\") continue;\n\n    const role = msg.role as string | undefined;\n    const rawContent = msg.content;\n\n    // Plain string user message\n    if (role === \"user\" && typeof rawContent === \"string\" && rawContent.trim()) {\n      parts.push(`user: ${rawContent.trim().slice(0, MAX_MSG_LENGTH)}`);\n      continue;\n    }\n\n    // Plain string assistant message\n    if (role === \"assistant\" && typeof rawContent === \"string\" && rawContent.trim()) {\n      parts.push(`assistant: ${rawContent.trim().slice(0, MAX_MSG_LENGTH)}`);\n      continue;\n    }\n\n    if (!Array.isArray(rawContent)) continue;\n\n    const blocks = rawContent as Array<Record<string, unknown>>;\n    for (const block of blocks) {\n      if (!block || typeof block !== \"object\") continue;\n      const type = block.type as string | undefined;\n\n      // User text block\n      if (role === \"user\" && type === \"text\" && typeof block.text === \"string\" && block.text.trim()) {\n        parts.push(`user: ${block.text.trim().slice(0, MAX_MSG_LENGTH)}`);\n      }\n\n      // Assistant text block (not tool calls)\n      if (role === \"assistant\" && type === \"text\" && typeof block.text === \"string\" && block.text.trim()) {\n        parts.push(`assistant: ${block.text.trim().slice(0, MAX_MSG_LENGTH)}`);\n      }\n    }\n  }\n\n  return parts.join(\"\\n\");\n}\n\n// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------\n// Cursor management\n// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------\n\nconst DEFAULT_CURSORS_FILENAME = \".passive-observer-cursors.json\";\n\nexport function getCursorsPath(dbDir: string): string {\n  return join(dbDir, DEFAULT_CURSORS_FILENAME);\n}\n\nexport async function loadCursors(cursorsPath: string): Promise<SessionCursors> {\n  try {\n    const raw = await readFile(cursorsPath, \"utf-8\");\n    const parsed = JSON.parse(raw);\n    if (parsed && typeof parsed === \"object\" && !Array.isArray(parsed)) {\n      const cursors: SessionCursors = {};\n      for (const [k, v] of Object.entries(parsed)) {\n        if (typeof v === \"number\" && v >= 0) {\n          cursors[k] = v;\n        }\n      }\n      return cursors;\n    }\n    return {};\n  } catch {\n    return {};\n  }\n}\n\nexport async function saveCursors(cursorsPath: string, cursors: SessionCursors): Promise<void> {\n  const dir = dirname(cursorsPath);\n  await mkdir(dir, { recursive: true });\n  await writeFile(cursorsPath, JSON.stringify(cursors, null, 2), \"utf-8\");\n}\n\n// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------\n// LLM extraction\n// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------\n\nconst OBSERVER_TEMPERATURE = 0.15;\nconst OBSERVER_MAX_TOKENS = 1200;\n\n/**\n * Parse the LLM JSON response into extracted facts.\n * Expects a JSON array of { text, category, importance } objects.\n */\nexport function parseObserverResponse(raw: string, categories: string[]): ExtractedFact[] {\n  const validCategories = new Set<string>(categories.map((c) => c.toLowerCase()));\n\n  // Extract JSON from response (may be wrapped in markdown code fence)\n  const jsonMatch = raw.match(/```(?:json)?\\s*([\\s\\S]*?)```/);\n  const jsonStr = jsonMatch ? jsonMatch[1].trim() : raw.trim();\n\n  let parsed: unknown;\n  try {\n    // Find the JSON array portion\n    const start = jsonStr.indexOf(\"[\");\n    const end = jsonStr.lastIndexOf(\"]\");\n    if (start === -1 || end === -1) return [];\n    parsed = JSON.parse(jsonStr.slice(start, end + 1));\n  } catch {\n    return [];\n  }\n\n  if (!Array.isArray(parsed)) return [];\n\n  const facts: ExtractedFact[] = [];\n  for (const item of parsed) {\n    if (!item || typeof item !== \"object\") continue;\n    const obj = item as Record<string, unknown>;\n\n    const text = typeof obj.text === \"string\" ? obj.text.trim() : \"\";\n    if (!text || text.length < 10) continue;\n\n    const importanceRaw =\n      typeof obj.importance === \"number\" ? obj.importance : Number.parseFloat(String(obj.importance));\n    // Default to 0.0 when importance is missing/invalid — forces the LLM to explicitly assign\n    // importance rather than having invalid/missing values silently pass the minImportance filter.\n    const importance = Number.isFinite(importanceRaw) ? Math.max(0, Math.min(1, importanceRaw)) : 0.0;\n\n    const categoryRaw = typeof obj.category === \"string\" ? obj.category.toLowerCase().trim() : \"fact\";\n    const category = validCategories.has(categoryRaw) ? categoryRaw : \"fact\";\n\n    facts.push({ text, category, importance });\n  }\n  return facts;\n}\n\n// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------\n// Identity fact detection (Issue #306)\n// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------\n\n/**\n * Returns true when a fact describes the agent's own identity (email, name, role, etc.).\n * These facts should be stored as global/permanent instead of session-scoped.\n *\n * @param text - The fact text to classify.\n * @param agentName - Optional known agent name. When provided, adds a\n *   name-specific pattern so \"[AgentName]'s email is …\" is also detected.\n */\nexport function isIdentityFact(text: string, agentName?: string): boolean {\n  const patterns: RegExp[] = [\n    /(?:my|your|the (?:agent|assistant|bot)(?:'s)?)\\s+(?:email|name|role|account|address|phone|number)/i,\n    /(?<!(?:user|customer|their|his|her|[a-z]+)'s\\s)(?<!(?:their|his|her)\\s)(?:email|account|address|role)\\s+(?:is|was|:)\\s/i,\n  ];\n  if (agentName) {\n    const escaped = agentName.replace(/[.*+?^${}()|[\\]\\\\]/g, \"\\\\$&\");\n    patterns.push(new RegExp(`${escaped}(?:'s)?\\\\s+(?:email|name|role|account)`, \"i\"));\n  }\n  return patterns.some((p) => p.test(text));\n}\n\nconst OPENCLAW_AGENTS_MARKER = \"/.openclaw/agents/\";\n\n/** List session JSONL paths for passive observer (single configured dir or all agents). */\nexport function listPassiveObserverSessionFilePaths(\n  sessionsDir: string | undefined,\n  proceduresSessionsDir: string | undefined,\n): { filePaths: string[]; multiAgentScan: boolean } {\n  const explicitDir = sessionsDir ?? proceduresSessionsDir;\n  if (explicitDir) {\n    if (!existsSync(explicitDir)) return { filePaths: [], multiAgentScan: false };\n    try {\n      const filePaths = readdirSync(explicitDir)\n        .filter(isPassiveObserverTranscriptCandidate)\n        .sort()\n        .map((f) => join(explicitDir, f));\n      return { filePaths, multiAgentScan: false };\n    } catch {\n      return { filePaths: [], multiAgentScan: false };\n    }\n  }\n\n  const agentsDir = join(homedir(), \".openclaw\", \"agents\");\n  if (!existsSync(agentsDir)) return { filePaths: [], multiAgentScan: true };\n  const filePaths: string[] = [];\n  try {\n    for (const agentEntry of readdirSync(agentsDir, { withFileTypes: true })) {\n      if (!agentEntry.isDirectory()) continue;\n      const dir = join(agentsDir, agentEntry.name, \"sessions\");\n      if (!existsSync(dir)) continue;\n      for (const f of readdirSync(dir)) {\n        if (isPassiveObserverTranscriptCandidate(f)) {\n          filePaths.push(join(dir, f));\n        }\n      }\n    }\n  } catch {\n    return { filePaths: [], multiAgentScan: true };\n  }\n  filePaths.sort();\n  return { filePaths, multiAgentScan: true };\n}\n\n/** Stable cursor / scope key for a session file (agent-relative when scanning all agents). */\nexport function deriveObserverSessionKey(filePath: string, multiAgentScan: boolean): string | null {\n  const normalized = filePath.replace(/\\\\/g, \"/\");\n  if (multiAgentScan) {\n    const markerIdx = normalized.indexOf(OPENCLAW_AGENTS_MARKER);\n    if (markerIdx >= 0) {\n      const rel = normalized.slice(markerIdx + OPENCLAW_AGENTS_MARKER.length);\n      return rel.replace(/\\.jsonl$/, \"\");\n    }\n  }\n  const base = normalized.split(\"/\").pop()?.replace(\".jsonl\", \"\");\n  return base ?? null;\n}\n\n// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------\n// Core run\n// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------\n\nexport async function runPassiveObserver(\n  factsDb: FactsDB,\n  vectorDb: VectorDB,\n  embeddings: EmbeddingProvider,\n  openai: OpenAI,\n  config: PassiveObserverConfig,\n  allCategories: string[],\n  opts: {\n    model: string;\n    fallbackModels?: string[];\n    dbDir: string;\n    dryRun?: boolean;\n    /** Fallback sessions dir from procedures config (used when config.sessionsDir is not set). */\n    proceduresSessionsDir?: string;\n    /** Confidence reinforcement config (Issue #147). When set and enabled, similar facts get confidence boost instead of silent skip. */\n    reinforcement?: ReinforcementConfig;\n    /** Provenance tracking (Issue #163). */\n    provenanceService?: ProvenanceService | null;\n    /** Episodic event log (Issue #150). When set, each stored fact is also appended to Layer 1. */\n    eventLog?: EventLog | null;\n    /** Agent's own name. Used by isIdentityFact() for name-specific detection. */\n    agentName?: string;\n    /** Observation dedup window in minutes (#1913). */\n    dedupWindowMinutes?: number;\n  },\n  logger: { info: (msg: string) => void; warn: (msg: string) => void },\n): Promise<ObserverRunResult> {\n  const result: ObserverRunResult = {\n    sessionsScanned: 0,\n    chunksProcessed: 0,\n    factsExtracted: 0,\n    factsStored: 0,\n    factsReinforced: 0,\n    errors: 0,\n  };\n\n  const explicitSessionsDir = config.sessionsDir ?? opts.proceduresSessionsDir;\n  const { filePaths, multiAgentScan } = listPassiveObserverSessionFilePaths(\n    config.sessionsDir,\n    opts.proceduresSessionsDir,\n  );\n\n  if (filePaths.length === 0 && explicitSessionsDir && !existsSync(explicitSessionsDir)) {\n    logger.info(`memory-hybrid: passive-observer — sessions dir not found: ${explicitSessionsDir}`);\n    return result;\n  }\n\n  if (filePaths.length === 0 && !multiAgentScan) {\n    return result;\n  }\n\n  if (filePaths.length === 0 && multiAgentScan) {\n    logger.info(\"memory-hybrid: passive-observer — no session files found under ~/.openclaw/agents/*/sessions\");\n    return result;\n  }\n\n  // Prune stale consecutiveFailures entries before any early returns, so sessions that\n  // disappear from disk (or when there are no session files at all) get cleaned up every tick.\n  {\n    const activeIds = new Set(\n      filePaths.map((fp) => deriveObserverSessionKey(fp, multiAgentScan)).filter((id): id is string => id != null),\n    );\n    for (const id of consecutiveFailures.keys()) {\n      if (!activeIds.has(id)) consecutiveFailures.delete(id);\n    }\n  }\n\n  if (filePaths.length === 0) return result;\n\n  const cursorsPath = getCursorsPath(opts.dbDir);\n  const cursors = await loadCursors(cursorsPath);\n  let cursorsChanged = false;\n  // Separate in-memory map for consecutive failure counts — not persisted to the cursors file\n  // to avoid mixing byte-offset semantics with failure-count semantics in the same structure.\n\n  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------\n  // Phase 1: scan all session files, count sessions, detect whether any have\n  // new content.  We use stat() to get file sizes without loading entire files\n  // into memory (files are read lazily in Phase 3 only when needed).\n  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------\n  interface SessionInfo {\n    filePath: string;\n    sessionId: string;\n    fileBytelen: number;\n    cursor: number;\n  }\n\n  const sessions: SessionInfo[] = [];\n  const activeSessionIds = new Set<string>();\n  let hasNewContent = false;\n\n  for (const filePath of filePaths) {\n    const sessionId = deriveObserverSessionKey(filePath, multiAgentScan);\n    if (!sessionId) continue;\n    activeSessionIds.add(sessionId);\n    let fileBytelen: number;\n    try {\n      const stats = await stat(filePath);\n      fileBytelen = stats.size;\n    } catch (err) {\n      if (isEnoent(err)) {\n        // File was pruned by session.maintenance between readdirSync and stat — skip silently.\n        logger.info(`memory-hybrid: passive-observer — session ${sessionId} was pruned, skipping`);\n        continue;\n      }\n      logger.warn(`memory-hybrid: passive-observer — failed to stat session ${sessionId}: ${err}`);\n      capturePluginError(err instanceof Error ? err : new Error(String(err)), {\n        operation: \"passive-observer-stat\",\n        subsystem: \"passive-observer\",\n      });\n      result.errors++;\n      continue;\n    }\n\n    // sessionsScanned counts sessions whose stat succeeded. A later open ENOENT (Phase 3)\n    // will still leave this counter incremented, so operators may observe\n    // sessionsScanned > factsStored with no errors — this is intentional and expected.\n    result.sessionsScanned++;\n    const cursor = cursors[sessionId] ?? 0;\n\n    if (cursor < fileBytelen) {\n      hasNewContent = true;\n    }\n\n    sessions.push({ filePath, sessionId, fileBytelen, cursor });\n  }\n\n  if (!hasNewContent) return result;\n\n  const reinforcementEnabled = opts.reinforcement?.enabled !== false && opts.reinforcement != null;\n  const passiveBoost = opts.reinforcement?.passiveBoost ?? 0.1;\n  const maxConfidence = opts.reinforcement?.maxConfidence ?? 1.0;\n  const cosineSimilarityThreshold = opts.reinforcement?.similarityThreshold ?? config.deduplicationThreshold;\n  // Convert cosine similarity threshold to L2-based score for vectorDb.search().\n  // VectorDB uses score = 1/(1+L2_distance). For normalized vectors, L2 = sqrt(2*(1-cosine)).\n  // This conversion ensures the dedup threshold behaves as originally calibrated (issue #499).\n  const similarityThreshold = 1 / (1 + Math.sqrt(2 * (1 - cosineSimilarityThreshold)));\n\n  const prompt = loadPrompt(\"passive-observer\");\n\n  // In-memory dedup pool for dry-run mode (Issue #499): during dry-run, facts are not written\n  // to LanceDB, so vectorDb.search() cannot find facts extracted earlier in the same batch.\n  // This array tracks embeddings of facts that would be stored in the current run, enabling\n  // intra-batch deduplication so dry-run accurately previews real-run behavior.\n  const dryRunVectors: number[][] = [];\n\n  // In-memory dedup pool for non-dry-run mode: when vectorDb.store() fails, the fact is\n  // committed to SQLite but not to LanceDB. This array provides a fallback intra-batch\n  // dedup mechanism so subsequent identical facts within the same batch are still detected.\n  // Track fact IDs alongside vectors to enable confidence reinforcement (Issue #147).\n  const recentVectors: Array<{ vector: number[]; factId: string }> = [];\n\n  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------\n  // Phase 3: process each session that has new content.\n  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------\n  // Progress is throttled to the same cadence as the orchestrator's per-step heartbeat (#2026's\n  // ORCHESTRATOR_STEP_HEARTBEAT_MS) so a large multi-agent backlog logs a couple dozen lines over\n  // the default 15-minute step budget instead of one line per session (#2032).\n  let lastProgressLogMs = 0;\n  for (const [sessionIdx, { filePath, sessionId, fileBytelen, cursor }] of sessions.entries()) {\n    if (maintenanceRunDeadlineReached()) {\n      // Deadline stops mid-run are counted as an error so the caller's summary (and\n      // assertPassiveObserverSummaryDoesNotBlock) surface a truncated run as a failure\n      // instead of a silent \"ok\" that hides unprocessed sessions (#2032).\n      result.errors++;\n      logger.warn(\n        \"memory-hybrid: passive-observer — maintenance run deadline reached; stopping session scan \" +\n          `(processed ${sessionIdx}/${sessions.length} sessions, sessionsScanned=${result.sessionsScanned}, ` +\n          `chunksProcessed=${result.chunksProcessed}, factsStored=${result.factsStored})`,\n      );\n      break;\n    }\n    if (cursor >= fileBytelen) continue; // Nothing new\n    const progressNowMs = Date.now();\n    if (lastProgressLogMs === 0 || progressNowMs - lastProgressLogMs >= PASSIVE_OBSERVER_PROGRESS_LOG_INTERVAL_MS) {\n      lastProgressLogMs = progressNowMs;\n      logger.info(\n        `memory-hybrid: passive-observer — progress: session ${sessionIdx + 1}/${sessions.length} (${sessionId}) ` +\n          `chunksProcessed=${result.chunksProcessed} factsExtracted=${result.factsExtracted} factsStored=${result.factsStored}`,\n      );\n    }\n\n    let rawBuf: Buffer;\n    let segmentEnd = fileBytelen;\n    try {\n      const maxBytes = Math.min(MAX_JSONL_BYTES_PER_RUN, Math.max(200_000, config.maxCharsPerChunk * 8));\n      const endOffset = Math.min(fileBytelen, cursor + maxBytes);\n      const length = endOffset - cursor;\n      if (length <= 0) continue;\n      const handle = await open(filePath, \"r\");\n      try {\n        rawBuf = Buffer.alloc(length);\n        const { bytesRead } = await handle.read(rawBuf, 0, length, cursor);\n        if (bytesRead === 0) {\n          continue;\n        }\n        if (bytesRead < length) {\n          rawBuf = rawBuf.subarray(0, bytesRead);\n        }\n      } finally {\n        await handle.close();\n      }\n      const lastNewlineIdx = rawBuf.lastIndexOf(0x0a);\n      if (lastNewlineIdx === -1 && endOffset < fileBytelen) {\n        logger.warn(`memory-hybrid: passive-observer — skipping oversized JSONL line in session ${sessionId}`);\n        cursors[sessionId] = endOffset;\n        cursorsChanged = true;\n        continue;\n      }\n      const sliceEnd = lastNewlineIdx === -1 ? rawBuf.length : lastNewlineIdx + 1;\n      rawBuf = rawBuf.subarray(0, sliceEnd);\n      segmentEnd = cursor + sliceEnd;\n    } catch (err) {\n      if (isEnoent(err)) {\n        // File was pruned by session.maintenance between stat and open — skip silently.\n        logger.info(\n          `memory-hybrid: passive-observer — session ${sessionId} was pruned between scan and read, skipping`,\n        );\n        continue;\n      }\n      logger.warn(`memory-hybrid: passive-observer — failed to read session ${sessionId}: ${err}`);\n      capturePluginError(err instanceof Error ? err : new Error(String(err)), {\n        operation: \"passive-observer-read\",\n        subsystem: \"passive-observer\",\n      });\n      result.errors++;\n      continue;\n    }\n\n    const newContent = rawBuf.toString(\"utf-8\");\n    if (!newContent.trim()) {\n      cursors[sessionId] = segmentEnd;\n      cursorsChanged = true;\n      continue;\n    }\n\n    // Extract human-readable text from JSONL\n    const textBlock = extractTextFromJsonlChunk(newContent);\n    if (!textBlock.trim()) {\n      cursors[sessionId] = segmentEnd;\n      cursorsChanged = true;\n      continue;\n    }\n\n    // Chunk the text block\n    const chunks = chunkTextByChars(textBlock, config.maxCharsPerChunk, Math.floor(config.maxCharsPerChunk * 0.05));\n\n    let chunksAttempted = 0;\n    let chunksSucceeded = 0;\n\n    let deadlineStopped = false;\n\n    for (const chunk of chunks) {\n      if (maintenanceRunDeadlineReached()) {\n        logger.warn(\n          `memory-hybrid: passive-observer — maintenance run deadline reached; deferring session ${sessionId}`,\n        );\n        deadlineStopped = true;\n        result.errors++;\n        break;\n      }\n      if (!chunk.trim()) continue;\n      chunksAttempted++;\n      result.chunksProcessed++;\n\n      const filledPrompt = fillPrompt(prompt, {\n        categories: allCategories.join(\", \"),\n        transcript: chunk,\n      });\n\n      let rawResponse: string;\n      try {\n        rawResponse = await chatCompleteWithRetry({\n          model: opts.model,\n          content: filledPrompt,\n          temperature: OBSERVER_TEMPERATURE,\n          maxTokens: OBSERVER_MAX_TOKENS,\n          openai,\n          fallbackModels: opts.fallbackModels ?? [],\n          label: \"memory-hybrid: passive-observer\",\n          feature: CostFeature.passiveObserver,\n          timeoutMs: capTimeoutByMaintenanceRunDeadline(resolveMaintenanceChatTimeoutMs(opts.model)),\n          signal: getMaintenanceRunAbortSignal(),\n        });\n      } catch (err) {\n        logger.warn(`memory-hybrid: passive-observer — LLM failed for session ${sessionId}: ${err}`);\n        const retryAttempt = err instanceof LLMRetryError ? err.attemptNumber : 1;\n        capturePluginError(err instanceof Error ? err : new Error(String(err)), {\n          operation: \"passive-observer-llm\",\n          subsystem: \"passive-observer\",\n          retryAttempt,\n        });\n        result.errors++;\n        continue;\n      }\n\n      chunksSucceeded++;\n\n      const facts = parseObserverResponse(rawResponse, allCategories);\n      const filtered = facts.filter((f) => f.importance >= config.minImportance);\n      result.factsExtracted += filtered.length;\n\n      for (const fact of filtered) {\n        const storedText = prepareMemoryTextForStorage(fact.text, config.maxCharsPerChunk);\n        if (!storedText || !isSubstantiveMemoryText(storedText)) continue;\n        const storedCategory =\n          (prepareMemoryMetadataForStorage(fact.category) as MemoryCategory | undefined) ?? fact.category;\n        const identity = isIdentityFact(storedText, opts.agentName);\n\n        // Embed new fact for dedup check\n        let vec: number[];\n        try {\n          vec = await embeddings.embed(storedText);\n        } catch (err) {\n          logger.warn(\n            `memory-hybrid: passive-observer — embed failed for fact: ${storedText.slice(0, 80)}... (${err})`,\n          );\n          // AllEmbeddingProvidersFailed is expected when all providers are unavailable — don't report (#486)\n          if (!shouldSuppressEmbeddingError(err)) {\n            capturePluginError(err instanceof Error ? err : new Error(String(err)), {\n              operation: \"passive-observer-embed\",\n              severity: \"info\",\n              subsystem: \"passive-observer\",\n            });\n          }\n          result.errors++;\n          continue;\n        }\n\n        // Normalize the vector to ensure the L2-to-cosine conversion is valid.\n        // The conversion formula (1 / (1 + sqrt(2*(1-cosine)))) assumes unit-length vectors.\n        // While OpenAI embeddings are pre-normalized, Ollama and some other providers return\n        // unnormalized vectors, causing the L2 distance to be scaled by vector magnitude.\n        const normalizedVec = normalizeVector(vec);\n        const dedupScope = identity ? \"global\" : \"session\";\n        const dedupScopeTarget = identity ? null : sessionId;\n\n        // Dedup check via LanceDB ANN search — O(log n) instead of O(n*m) brute-force.\n        // Replaces the old recentVectors[] linear scan and eliminates the embedBatch()\n        // call on the recent-facts pool. LanceDB is the single source of truth.\n        let isDuplicate = false;\n        try {\n          const dupeResults = await vectorDb.search(normalizedVec, 1, similarityThreshold);\n          if (dupeResults.length > 0) {\n            const matchedId = dupeResults[0].entry.id;\n            const matched = matchedId ? factsDb.getById(matchedId) : null;\n            const nowSec = Math.floor(Date.now() / 1000);\n            const scopeMatches =\n              matched != null &&\n              matched.supersededAt == null &&\n              (matched.expiresAt == null || matched.expiresAt > nowSec) &&\n              (matched.scope ?? \"global\") === dedupScope &&\n              (dedupScope === \"global\" ? null : (matched.scopeTarget ?? null)) === dedupScopeTarget;\n            if (scopeMatches) {\n              isDuplicate = true;\n              // Confidence reinforcement: boost the matched fact instead of silently skipping (Issue #147)\n              if (reinforcementEnabled && !opts.dryRun) {\n                if (matchedId) {\n                  try {\n                    const boosted = factsDb.boostConfidence(matchedId, passiveBoost, maxConfidence);\n                    if (boosted) result.factsReinforced++;\n                  } catch {\n                    // Non-fatal — don't fail passive observer because of boost error\n                  }\n                }\n              }\n            }\n          }\n        } catch {\n          // On search failure, proceed without dedup — a few duplicates are acceptable\n        }\n\n        // Intra-batch dedup: check against facts stored/attempted in this run.\n        // In dry-run mode, vectorDb.store() is never called, so vectorDb.search() won't find\n        // facts extracted earlier in the same batch. In non-dry-run mode, if vectorDb.store()\n        // fails, the fact is in SQLite but not LanceDB, so vectorDb.search() also won't find it.\n        // Compare against dryRunVectors[] (dry-run) or recentVectors[] (non-dry-run) to ensure\n        // accurate intra-batch deduplication (Issue #499).\n        if (!isDuplicate) {\n          if (opts.dryRun) {\n            for (const recentVec of dryRunVectors) {\n              const cosineSim = dotProductSimilarity(normalizedVec, recentVec);\n              if (cosineSim >= cosineSimilarityThreshold) {\n                isDuplicate = true;\n                break;\n              }\n            }\n          } else {\n            for (const recent of recentVectors) {\n              const cosineSim = dotProductSimilarity(normalizedVec, recent.vector);\n              if (cosineSim >= cosineSimilarityThreshold) {\n                isDuplicate = true;\n                // Confidence reinforcement: boost the matched fact (Issue #147)\n                if (reinforcementEnabled) {\n                  try {\n                    const boosted = factsDb.boostConfidence(recent.factId, passiveBoost, maxConfidence);\n                    if (boosted) result.factsReinforced++;\n                  } catch {\n                    // Non-fatal — don't fail passive observer because of boost error\n                  }\n                }\n                break;\n              }\n            }\n          }\n        }\n\n        if (isDuplicate) continue;\n\n        if (opts.dryRun) {\n          logger.info(\n            `memory-hybrid: passive-observer [dry-run] would store: ${storedText.slice(0, 60)}... (importance=${fact.importance.toFixed(2)}, category=${storedCategory})`,\n          );\n          result.factsStored++;\n          dryRunVectors.push(normalizedVec);\n          continue;\n        }\n\n        // Write episodic event FIRST (Issue #150, Layer 1): record before factsDb so that if\n        // factsDb fails we still have the event record. If eventLog fails we continue to store\n        // the fact — event log unavailability must never block fact writes.\n        let eventId: string | null = null;\n        if (opts.eventLog) {\n          try {\n            eventId = opts.eventLog.append({\n              sessionId,\n              timestamp: nowIso(),\n              eventType: categoryToEventType(fact.category),\n              content: {\n                text: storedText,\n                category: storedCategory,\n                importance: fact.importance,\n                source: \"passive-observer\",\n              },\n            });\n          } catch {\n            // Non-fatal — event log write failure must never block fact storage\n          }\n        }\n\n        // Identity fact promotion (Issue #306): if this fact describes the agent itself,\n        // store it as global/permanent so it persists across sessions.\n        if (identity) {\n          logger.info(`passive-observer: promoting identity fact to global/permanent: \"${storedText.slice(0, 60)}...\"`);\n        }\n\n        const dedupWindow = opts.dedupWindowMinutes ?? 30;\n        const dedupInput = {\n          text: storedText,\n          entity: null,\n          key: null,\n          scope: dedupScope,\n          scopeTarget: dedupScopeTarget,\n        };\n\n        const txResult = runCaptureStoreWithDedupWindow(factsDb, dedupWindow, dedupInput, () =>\n          factsDb.storeWithResult({\n            text: storedText,\n            category: storedCategory,\n            importance: identity ? Math.max(fact.importance, 0.9) : fact.importance,\n            confidence: 0.6,\n            entity: null,\n            key: null,\n            value: null,\n            source: \"passive-observer\",\n            decayClass: identity ? \"permanent\" : \"session\",\n            scope: identity ? \"global\" : \"session\",\n            scopeTarget: identity ? undefined : sessionId,\n            tags: [\"passive-observer\"],\n            provenanceSession: sessionId,\n            extractionMethod: \"passive\",\n            extractionConfidence: fact.importance,\n          }),\n        );\n        if (txResult.skipped) {\n          continue;\n        }\n\n        const storeResult = txResult.storeResult!;\n        if (storeResult.skipped) {\n          continue;\n        }\n        if (storeResult.newlyStored === false && !storeResult.embeddingStale) {\n          continue;\n        }\n        const stored = storeResult.entry;\n        await cleanupEvictedVector({\n          vectorDb,\n          evictedFactId: storeResult.evictedFactId,\n          logger,\n          context: \"passive-observer\",\n        });\n\n        if (opts.provenanceService && storeResult.newlyStored) {\n          try {\n            opts.provenanceService.addEdge(stored.id, {\n              edgeType: \"DERIVED_FROM\",\n              sourceType: \"event_log\",\n              sourceId: eventId ?? sessionId,\n              sourceText: storedText,\n            });\n          } catch (err) {\n            capturePluginError(err instanceof Error ? err : new Error(String(err)), {\n              operation: \"passive-observer-provenance\",\n              subsystem: \"provenance\",\n              factId: stored.id,\n            });\n          }\n        }\n\n        // Contradiction detection (Issue #142): check for same entity+key with different value.\n        // For global/permanent identity facts, pass null scope so detection spans all scopes.\n        if (storeResult.newlyStored) {\n          factsDb.detectContradictions(stored.id, null, null, null, stored.scope ?? null, stored.scopeTarget ?? null);\n        }\n\n        // Store to LanceDB (use normalized vector for consistent L2 distance metric)\n        try {\n          const vectorText = storeResult.embeddingStale ? stored.text : fact.text;\n          const vectorForStore = storeResult.embeddingStale ? await embeddings.embed(stored.text) : normalizedVec;\n          await vectorDb.store({\n            text: vectorText,\n            vector: vectorForStore,\n            importance: identity ? Math.max(fact.importance, 0.9) : fact.importance,\n            category: fact.category,\n            id: stored.id,\n          });\n          factsDb.setEmbeddingModel(stored.id, embeddings.modelName);\n        } catch (err) {\n          logger.warn(`memory-hybrid: passive-observer vector store failed: ${err}`);\n          capturePluginError(err instanceof Error ? err : new Error(String(err)), {\n            operation: \"passive-observer-vector-store\",\n            subsystem: \"vector\",\n            factId: stored.id,\n          });\n        }\n\n        // Track vector for intra-batch dedup: whether vectorDb.store() succeeded or failed,\n        // add to recentVectors[] so subsequent identical facts in this batch are detected.\n        if (storeResult.newlyStored) {\n          recentVectors.push({ vector: normalizedVec, factId: stored.id });\n          result.factsStored++;\n        }\n      }\n    }\n\n    if (deadlineStopped) {\n      break;\n    }\n\n    // Advance cursor only 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cursorsChanged = true;\n      }\n    }\n  }\n\n  if (cursorsChanged) {\n    try {\n      await saveCursors(cursorsPath, cursors);\n    } catch (err) {\n      logger.warn(`memory-hybrid: passive-observer — failed to save cursors: ${err}`);\n      capturePluginError(err instanceof Error ? err : new Error(String(err)), {\n        operation: \"passive-observer-save-cursors\",\n        subsystem: \"passive-observer\",\n      });\n    }\n  }\n\n  return 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\"../backends/event-log.js\";\nimport type { FactsDB } from \"../backends/facts-db.js\";\nimport type { VectorDB } from \"../backends/vector-db.js\";\nimport type { MemoryCategory, ReinforcementConfig } from \"../config.js\";\nimport { nowIso } from \"../utils/dates.js\";\nimport {\n  capTimeoutByMaintenanceRunDeadline,\n  getMaintenanceRunAbortSignal,\n  maintenanceRunDeadlineReached,\n} from \"../utils/maintenance-run-deadline.js\";\nimport { fillPrompt, loadPrompt } from \"../utils/prompt-loader.js\";\nimport { chunkTextByChars } from \"../utils/text.js\";\nimport { runCaptureStoreWithDedupWindow } from \"./capture-dedup.js\";\nimport { chatCompleteWithRetry, LLMRetryError, resolveMaintenanceChatTimeoutMs } from \"./chat.js\";\nimport { CostFeature } from \"./cost-feature-labels.js\";\nimport type { EmbeddingProvider } from \"./embeddings.js\";\nimport { shouldSuppressEmbeddingError } from \"./embeddings.js\";\nimport { capturePluginError } from \"./error-reporter.js\";\nimport type { ProvenanceService } from \"./provenance.js\";\nimport {\n  isSubstantiveMemoryText,\n  prepareMemoryMetadataForStorage,\n  prepareMemoryTextForStorage,\n} from \"./recalled-context-assembler.js\";\nimport { dotProductSimilarity, normalizeVector } from \"./reflection.js\";\nimport { cleanupEvictedVector } from \"./vector-maintenance.js\";\n\n// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------\n// Types\n// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------\n\nexport interface PassiveObserverConfig {\n  enabled: boolean;\n  intervalMinutes: number;\n  model?: string;\n  maxCharsPerChunk: number;\n  minImportance: number;\n  deduplicationThreshold: number;\n  sessionsDir?: string;\n}\n\n/** One extracted fact from the LLM response. */\nexport interface ExtractedFact {\n  text: string;\n  category: string;\n  importance: number;\n}\n\n/** Per-session cursor: tracks byte offset into the session file. */\ntype SessionCursors = Record<string, number>;\n\ninterface ObserverRunResult {\n  sessionsScanned: number;\n  chunksProcessed: number;\n  factsExtracted: number;\n  factsStored: number;\n  factsReinforced: number;\n  errors: number;\n}\n\n// Track consecutive failures across runs to prevent infinite retries on bad session files.\nconst consecutiveFailures = new Map<string, number>();\n\n/** Returns true when the error is an ENOENT (file not found) OS error. */\nconst isEnoent = (err: unknown): boolean => (err as NodeJS.ErrnoException).code === \"ENOENT\";\n\n/**\n * Whether a basename under the OpenClaw sessions dir should be scanned for passive extraction.\n * Excludes `.checkpoint.` sidecars (often a single multi‑MB JSON line — not chat transcripts)\n * and `.deleted*` tombstones (same convention as procedure-extractor).\n */\nexport function isPassiveObserverTranscriptCandidate(basename: string): boolean {\n  return (\n    basename.endsWith(\".jsonl\") &&\n    !basename.startsWith(\".deleted\") &&\n    !basename.includes(\".checkpoint.\") &&\n    !basename.includes(\".trajectory.\")\n  );\n}\n\n// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------\n// JSONL text extraction\n// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------\n\n/** Maximum length per message when building the transcript block. */\nconst MAX_MSG_LENGTH = 500;\n/** Hard cap on bytes read per session per run to avoid unbounded JSONL reads. */\nconst MAX_JSONL_BYTES_PER_RUN = 2_000_000;\n/** Per-session progress log throttle, matching the orchestrator's per-step heartbeat cadence (#2032). */\nconst PASSIVE_OBSERVER_PROGRESS_LOG_INTERVAL_MS = 60_000;\n\n/**\n * Extract readable text from a raw JSONL transcript chunk.\n * Pulls user messages and assistant text blocks — skips tool calls and results\n * to keep the prompt focused on natural language content.\n */\nexport function extractTextFromJsonlChunk(chunk: string): string {\n  const lines = chunk.split(\"\\n\").filter((l) => l.trim());\n  const parts: string[] = [];\n\n  for (const line of lines) {\n    let obj: unknown;\n    try {\n      obj = JSON.parse(line);\n    } catch {\n      continue;\n    }\n    if (!obj || typeof obj !== \"object\") continue;\n\n    const msg = (obj as Record<string, unknown>).message as Record<string, unknown> | undefined;\n    if (!msg || typeof msg !== \"object\") continue;\n\n    const role = msg.role as string | undefined;\n    const rawContent = msg.content;\n\n    // Plain string user message\n    if (role === \"user\" && typeof rawContent === \"string\" && rawContent.trim()) {\n      parts.push(`user: ${rawContent.trim().slice(0, MAX_MSG_LENGTH)}`);\n      continue;\n    }\n\n    // Plain string assistant message\n    if (role === \"assistant\" && typeof rawContent === \"string\" && rawContent.trim()) {\n      parts.push(`assistant: ${rawContent.trim().slice(0, MAX_MSG_LENGTH)}`);\n      continue;\n    }\n\n    if (!Array.isArray(rawContent)) continue;\n\n    const blocks = rawContent as Array<Record<string, unknown>>;\n    for (const block of blocks) {\n      if (!block || typeof block !== \"object\") continue;\n      const type = block.type as string | undefined;\n\n      // User text block\n      if (role === \"user\" && type === \"text\" && typeof block.text === \"string\" && block.text.trim()) {\n        parts.push(`user: ${block.text.trim().slice(0, MAX_MSG_LENGTH)}`);\n      }\n\n      // Assistant text block (not tool calls)\n      if (role === \"assistant\" && type === \"text\" && typeof block.text === \"string\" && block.text.trim()) {\n        parts.push(`assistant: ${block.text.trim().slice(0, MAX_MSG_LENGTH)}`);\n      }\n    }\n  }\n\n  return parts.join(\"\\n\");\n}\n\n// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------\n// Cursor management\n// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------\n\nconst DEFAULT_CURSORS_FILENAME = \".passive-observer-cursors.json\";\n\nexport function getCursorsPath(dbDir: string): string {\n  return join(dbDir, DEFAULT_CURSORS_FILENAME);\n}\n\nexport async function loadCursors(cursorsPath: string): Promise<SessionCursors> {\n  try {\n    const raw = await readFile(cursorsPath, \"utf-8\");\n    const parsed = JSON.parse(raw);\n    if (parsed && typeof parsed === \"object\" && !Array.isArray(parsed)) {\n      const cursors: SessionCursors = {};\n      for (const [k, v] of Object.entries(parsed)) {\n        if (typeof v === \"number\" && v >= 0) {\n          cursors[k] = v;\n        }\n      }\n      return cursors;\n    }\n    return {};\n  } catch {\n    return {};\n  }\n}\n\nexport async function saveCursors(cursorsPath: string, cursors: SessionCursors): Promise<void> {\n  const dir = dirname(cursorsPath);\n  await mkdir(dir, { recursive: true });\n  await writeFile(cursorsPath, JSON.stringify(cursors, null, 2), \"utf-8\");\n}\n\n// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------\n// LLM extraction\n// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------\n\nconst OBSERVER_TEMPERATURE = 0.15;\nconst OBSERVER_MAX_TOKENS = 1200;\n\n/**\n * Parse the LLM JSON response into extracted facts.\n * Expects a JSON array of { text, category, importance } objects.\n */\nexport function parseObserverResponse(raw: string, categories: string[]): ExtractedFact[] {\n  const validCategories = new Set<string>(categories.map((c) => c.toLowerCase()));\n\n  // Extract JSON from response (may be wrapped in markdown code fence)\n  const jsonMatch = raw.match(/```(?:json)?\\s*([\\s\\S]*?)```/);\n  const jsonStr = jsonMatch ? jsonMatch[1].trim() : raw.trim();\n\n  let parsed: unknown;\n  try {\n    // Find the JSON array portion\n    const start = jsonStr.indexOf(\"[\");\n    const end = jsonStr.lastIndexOf(\"]\");\n    if (start === -1 || end === -1) return [];\n    parsed = JSON.parse(jsonStr.slice(start, end + 1));\n  } catch {\n    return [];\n  }\n\n  if (!Array.isArray(parsed)) return [];\n\n  const facts: ExtractedFact[] = [];\n  for (const item of parsed) {\n    if (!item || typeof item !== \"object\") continue;\n    const obj = item as Record<string, unknown>;\n\n    const text = typeof obj.text === \"string\" ? obj.text.trim() : \"\";\n    if (!text || text.length < 10) continue;\n\n    const importanceRaw =\n      typeof obj.importance === \"number\" ? obj.importance : Number.parseFloat(String(obj.importance));\n    // Default to 0.0 when importance is missing/invalid — forces the LLM to explicitly assign\n    // importance rather than having invalid/missing values silently pass the minImportance filter.\n    const importance = Number.isFinite(importanceRaw) ? Math.max(0, Math.min(1, importanceRaw)) : 0.0;\n\n    const categoryRaw = typeof obj.category === \"string\" ? obj.category.toLowerCase().trim() : \"fact\";\n    const category = validCategories.has(categoryRaw) ? categoryRaw : \"fact\";\n\n    facts.push({ text, category, importance });\n  }\n  return facts;\n}\n\n// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------\n// Identity fact detection (Issue #306)\n// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------\n\n/**\n * Returns true when a fact describes the agent's own identity (email, name, role, etc.).\n * These facts should be stored as global/permanent instead of session-scoped.\n *\n * @param text - The fact text to classify.\n * @param agentName - Optional known agent name. When provided, adds a\n *   name-specific pattern so \"[AgentName]'s email is …\" is also detected.\n */\nexport function isIdentityFact(text: string, agentName?: string): boolean {\n  const patterns: RegExp[] = [\n    /(?:my|your|the (?:agent|assistant|bot)(?:'s)?)\\s+(?:email|name|role|account|address|phone|number)/i,\n    /(?<!(?:user|customer|their|his|her|[a-z]+)'s\\s)(?<!(?:their|his|her)\\s)(?:email|account|address|role)\\s+(?:is|was|:)\\s/i,\n  ];\n  if (agentName) {\n    const escaped = agentName.replace(/[.*+?^${}()|[\\]\\\\]/g, \"\\\\$&\");\n    patterns.push(new RegExp(`${escaped}(?:'s)?\\\\s+(?:email|name|role|account)`, \"i\"));\n  }\n  return patterns.some((p) => p.test(text));\n}\n\nconst OPENCLAW_AGENTS_MARKER = \"/.openclaw/agents/\";\n\n/** List session JSONL paths for passive observer (single configured dir or all agents). */\nexport function listPassiveObserverSessionFilePaths(\n  sessionsDir: string | undefined,\n  proceduresSessionsDir: string | undefined,\n): { filePaths: string[]; multiAgentScan: boolean } {\n  const explicitDir = sessionsDir ?? proceduresSessionsDir;\n  if (explicitDir) {\n    if (!existsSync(explicitDir)) return { filePaths: [], multiAgentScan: false };\n    try {\n      const filePaths = readdirSync(explicitDir)\n        .filter(isPassiveObserverTranscriptCandidate)\n        .sort()\n        .map((f) => join(explicitDir, f));\n      return { filePaths, multiAgentScan: false };\n    } catch {\n      return { filePaths: [], multiAgentScan: false };\n    }\n  }\n\n  const agentsDir = join(homedir(), \".openclaw\", \"agents\");\n  if (!existsSync(agentsDir)) return { filePaths: [], multiAgentScan: true };\n  const filePaths: string[] = [];\n  try {\n    for (const agentEntry of readdirSync(agentsDir, { withFileTypes: true })) {\n      if (!agentEntry.isDirectory()) continue;\n      const dir = join(agentsDir, agentEntry.name, \"sessions\");\n      if (!existsSync(dir)) continue;\n      for (const f of readdirSync(dir)) {\n        if (isPassiveObserverTranscriptCandidate(f)) {\n          filePaths.push(join(dir, f));\n        }\n      }\n    }\n  } catch {\n    return { filePaths: [], multiAgentScan: true };\n  }\n  filePaths.sort();\n  return { filePaths, multiAgentScan: true };\n}\n\n/** Stable cursor / scope key for a session file (agent-relative when scanning all agents). */\nexport function deriveObserverSessionKey(filePath: string, multiAgentScan: boolean): string | null {\n  const normalized = filePath.replace(/\\\\/g, \"/\");\n  if (multiAgentScan) {\n    const markerIdx = normalized.indexOf(OPENCLAW_AGENTS_MARKER);\n    if (markerIdx >= 0) {\n      const rel = normalized.slice(markerIdx + OPENCLAW_AGENTS_MARKER.length);\n      return rel.replace(/\\.jsonl$/, \"\");\n    }\n  }\n  const base = normalized.split(\"/\").pop()?.replace(\".jsonl\", \"\");\n  return base ?? null;\n}\n\n// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------\n// Core run\n// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------\n\nexport async function runPassiveObserver(\n  factsDb: FactsDB,\n  vectorDb: VectorDB,\n  embeddings: EmbeddingProvider,\n  openai: OpenAI,\n  config: PassiveObserverConfig,\n  allCategories: string[],\n  opts: {\n    model: string;\n    fallbackModels?: string[];\n    dbDir: string;\n    dryRun?: boolean;\n    /** Fallback sessions dir from procedures config (used when config.sessionsDir is not set). */\n    proceduresSessionsDir?: string;\n    /** Confidence reinforcement config (Issue #147). When set and enabled, similar facts get confidence boost instead of silent skip. */\n    reinforcement?: ReinforcementConfig;\n    /** Provenance tracking (Issue #163). */\n    provenanceService?: ProvenanceService | null;\n    /** Episodic event log (Issue #150). When set, each stored fact is also appended to Layer 1. */\n    eventLog?: EventLog | null;\n    /** Agent's own name. Used by isIdentityFact() for name-specific detection. */\n    agentName?: string;\n    /** Observation dedup window in minutes (#1913). */\n    dedupWindowMinutes?: number;\n  },\n  logger: { info: (msg: string) => void; warn: (msg: string) => void },\n): Promise<ObserverRunResult> {\n  const result: ObserverRunResult = {\n    sessionsScanned: 0,\n    chunksProcessed: 0,\n    factsExtracted: 0,\n    factsStored: 0,\n    factsReinforced: 0,\n    errors: 0,\n  };\n\n  const explicitSessionsDir = config.sessionsDir ?? opts.proceduresSessionsDir;\n  const { filePaths, multiAgentScan } = listPassiveObserverSessionFilePaths(\n    config.sessionsDir,\n    opts.proceduresSessionsDir,\n  );\n\n  if (filePaths.length === 0 && explicitSessionsDir && !existsSync(explicitSessionsDir)) {\n    logger.info(`memory-hybrid: passive-observer — sessions dir not found: ${explicitSessionsDir}`);\n    return result;\n  }\n\n  if (filePaths.length === 0 && !multiAgentScan) {\n    return result;\n  }\n\n  if (filePaths.length === 0 && multiAgentScan) {\n    logger.info(\"memory-hybrid: passive-observer — no session files found under ~/.openclaw/agents/*/sessions\");\n    return result;\n  }\n\n  // Prune stale consecutiveFailures entries before any early returns, so sessions that\n  // disappear from disk (or when there are no session files at all) get cleaned up every tick.\n  {\n    const activeIds = new Set(\n      filePaths.map((fp) => deriveObserverSessionKey(fp, multiAgentScan)).filter((id): id is string => id != null),\n    );\n    for (const id of consecutiveFailures.keys()) {\n      if (!activeIds.has(id)) consecutiveFailures.delete(id);\n    }\n  }\n\n  if (filePaths.length === 0) return result;\n\n  const cursorsPath = getCursorsPath(opts.dbDir);\n  const cursors = await loadCursors(cursorsPath);\n  let cursorsChanged = false;\n  // Separate in-memory map for consecutive failure counts — not persisted to the cursors file\n  // to avoid mixing byte-offset semantics with failure-count semantics in the same structure.\n\n  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------\n  // Phase 1: scan all session files, count sessions, detect whether any have\n  // new content.  We use stat() to get file sizes without loading entire files\n  // into memory (files are read lazily in Phase 3 only when needed).\n  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------\n  interface SessionInfo {\n    filePath: string;\n    sessionId: string;\n    fileBytelen: number;\n    cursor: number;\n  }\n\n  const sessions: SessionInfo[] = [];\n  const activeSessionIds = new Set<string>();\n  let hasNewContent = false;\n\n  for (const filePath of filePaths) {\n    const sessionId = deriveObserverSessionKey(filePath, multiAgentScan);\n    if (!sessionId) continue;\n    activeSessionIds.add(sessionId);\n    let fileBytelen: number;\n    try {\n      const stats = await stat(filePath);\n      fileBytelen = stats.size;\n    } catch (err) {\n      if (isEnoent(err)) {\n        // File was pruned by session.maintenance between readdirSync and stat — skip silently.\n        logger.info(`memory-hybrid: passive-observer — session ${sessionId} was pruned, skipping`);\n        continue;\n      }\n      logger.warn(`memory-hybrid: passive-observer — failed to stat session ${sessionId}: ${err}`);\n      capturePluginError(err instanceof Error ? err : new Error(String(err)), {\n        operation: \"passive-observer-stat\",\n        subsystem: \"passive-observer\",\n      });\n      result.errors++;\n      continue;\n    }\n\n    // sessionsScanned counts sessions whose stat succeeded. A later open ENOENT (Phase 3)\n    // will still leave this counter incremented, so operators may observe\n    // sessionsScanned > factsStored with no errors — this is intentional and expected.\n    result.sessionsScanned++;\n    const cursor = cursors[sessionId] ?? 0;\n\n    if (cursor < fileBytelen) {\n      hasNewContent = true;\n    }\n\n    sessions.push({ filePath, sessionId, fileBytelen, cursor });\n  }\n\n  if (!hasNewContent) return result;\n\n  const reinforcementEnabled = opts.reinforcement?.enabled !== false && opts.reinforcement != null;\n  const passiveBoost = opts.reinforcement?.passiveBoost ?? 0.1;\n  const maxConfidence = opts.reinforcement?.maxConfidence ?? 1.0;\n  const cosineSimilarityThreshold = opts.reinforcement?.similarityThreshold ?? config.deduplicationThreshold;\n  // Convert cosine similarity threshold to L2-based score for vectorDb.search().\n  // VectorDB uses score = 1/(1+L2_distance). For normalized vectors, L2 = sqrt(2*(1-cosine)).\n  // This conversion ensures the dedup threshold behaves as originally calibrated (issue #499).\n  const similarityThreshold = 1 / (1 + Math.sqrt(2 * (1 - cosineSimilarityThreshold)));\n\n  const prompt = loadPrompt(\"passive-observer\");\n\n  // In-memory dedup pool for dry-run mode (Issue #499): during dry-run, facts are not written\n  // to LanceDB, so vectorDb.search() cannot find facts extracted earlier in the same batch.\n  // This array tracks embeddings of facts that would be stored in the current run, enabling\n  // intra-batch deduplication so dry-run accurately previews real-run behavior.\n  const dryRunVectors: number[][] = [];\n\n  // In-memory dedup pool for non-dry-run mode: when vectorDb.store() fails, the fact is\n  // committed to SQLite but not to LanceDB. This array provides a fallback intra-batch\n  // dedup mechanism so subsequent identical facts within the same batch are still detected.\n  // Track fact IDs alongside vectors to enable confidence reinforcement (Issue #147).\n  const recentVectors: Array<{ vector: number[]; factId: string }> = [];\n\n  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------\n  // Phase 3: process each session that has new content.\n  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------\n  // Progress is throttled to the same cadence as the orchestrator's per-step heartbeat (#2026's\n  // ORCHESTRATOR_STEP_HEARTBEAT_MS) so a large multi-agent backlog logs a couple dozen lines over\n  // the default 15-minute step budget instead of one line per session (#2032).\n  let lastProgressLogMs = 0;\n  for (const [sessionIdx, { filePath, sessionId, fileBytelen, cursor }] of sessions.entries()) {\n    if (maintenanceRunDeadlineReached()) {\n      // Deadline stops mid-run are counted as an error so the caller's summary (and\n      // assertPassiveObserverSummaryDoesNotBlock) surface a truncated run as a failure\n      // instead of a silent \"ok\" that hides unprocessed sessions (#2032).\n      result.errors++;\n      logger.warn(\n        \"memory-hybrid: passive-observer — maintenance run deadline reached; stopping session scan \" +\n          `(processed ${sessionIdx}/${sessions.length} sessions, sessionsScanned=${result.sessionsScanned}, ` +\n          `chunksProcessed=${result.chunksProcessed}, factsStored=${result.factsStored})`,\n      );\n      break;\n    }\n    if (cursor >= fileBytelen) continue; // Nothing new\n    const progressNowMs = Date.now();\n    if (lastProgressLogMs === 0 || progressNowMs - lastProgressLogMs >= PASSIVE_OBSERVER_PROGRESS_LOG_INTERVAL_MS) {\n      lastProgressLogMs = progressNowMs;\n      logger.info(\n        `memory-hybrid: passive-observer — progress: session ${sessionIdx + 1}/${sessions.length} (${sessionId}) ` +\n          `chunksProcessed=${result.chunksProcessed} factsExtracted=${result.factsExtracted} factsStored=${result.factsStored}`,\n      );\n    }\n\n    let rawBuf: Buffer;\n    let segmentEnd = fileBytelen;\n    try {\n      const maxBytes = Math.min(MAX_JSONL_BYTES_PER_RUN, Math.max(200_000, config.maxCharsPerChunk * 8));\n      const endOffset = Math.min(fileBytelen, cursor + maxBytes);\n      const length = endOffset - cursor;\n      if (length <= 0) continue;\n      const handle = await open(filePath, \"r\");\n      try {\n        rawBuf = Buffer.alloc(length);\n        const { bytesRead } = await handle.read(rawBuf, 0, length, cursor);\n        if (bytesRead === 0) {\n          continue;\n        }\n        if (bytesRead < length) {\n          rawBuf = rawBuf.subarray(0, bytesRead);\n        }\n      } finally {\n        await handle.close();\n      }\n      const lastNewlineIdx = rawBuf.lastIndexOf(0x0a);\n      if (lastNewlineIdx === -1 && endOffset < fileBytelen) {\n        logger.warn(`memory-hybrid: passive-observer — skipping oversized JSONL line in session ${sessionId}`);\n        cursors[sessionId] = endOffset;\n        cursorsChanged = true;\n        continue;\n      }\n      const sliceEnd = lastNewlineIdx === -1 ? rawBuf.length : lastNewlineIdx + 1;\n      rawBuf = rawBuf.subarray(0, sliceEnd);\n      segmentEnd = cursor + sliceEnd;\n    } catch (err) {\n      if (isEnoent(err)) {\n        // File was pruned by session.maintenance between stat and open — skip silently.\n        logger.info(\n          `memory-hybrid: passive-observer — session ${sessionId} was pruned between scan and read, skipping`,\n        );\n        continue;\n      }\n      logger.warn(`memory-hybrid: passive-observer — failed to read session ${sessionId}: ${err}`);\n      capturePluginError(err instanceof Error ? err : new Error(String(err)), {\n        operation: \"passive-observer-read\",\n        subsystem: \"passive-observer\",\n      });\n      result.errors++;\n      continue;\n    }\n\n    const newContent = rawBuf.toString(\"utf-8\");\n    if (!newContent.trim()) {\n      cursors[sessionId] = segmentEnd;\n      cursorsChanged = true;\n      continue;\n    }\n\n    // Extract human-readable text from JSONL\n    const textBlock = extractTextFromJsonlChunk(newContent);\n    if (!textBlock.trim()) {\n      cursors[sessionId] = segmentEnd;\n      cursorsChanged = true;\n      continue;\n    }\n\n    // Chunk the text block\n    const chunks = chunkTextByChars(textBlock, config.maxCharsPerChunk, Math.floor(config.maxCharsPerChunk * 0.05));\n\n    let chunksAttempted = 0;\n    let chunksSucceeded = 0;\n\n    let deadlineStopped = false;\n\n    for (const chunk of chunks) {\n      if (maintenanceRunDeadlineReached()) {\n        logger.warn(\n          `memory-hybrid: passive-observer — maintenance run deadline reached; deferring session ${sessionId}`,\n        );\n        deadlineStopped = true;\n        result.errors++;\n        break;\n      }\n      if (!chunk.trim()) continue;\n      chunksAttempted++;\n      result.chunksProcessed++;\n      // Re-check the throttle here too, not just at the top of the session loop (#2032 follow-up):\n      // a single session with many chunks (each a full LLM round-trip via chatCompleteWithRetry\n      // plus an embedding call) can otherwise run for its entire duration between two per-session\n      // log lines, silently reproducing the \"live run indistinguishable from a hung one\" problem\n      // this progress logging was added to close.\n      const chunkProgressNowMs = Date.now();\n      if (chunkProgressNowMs - lastProgressLogMs >= PASSIVE_OBSERVER_PROGRESS_LOG_INTERVAL_MS) {\n        lastProgressLogMs = chunkProgressNowMs;\n        logger.info(\n          `memory-hybrid: passive-observer — progress: session ${sessionIdx + 1}/${sessions.length} (${sessionId}) ` +\n            `chunk ${chunksAttempted}/${chunks.length} chunksProcessed=${result.chunksProcessed} ` +\n            `factsExtracted=${result.factsExtracted} factsStored=${result.factsStored}`,\n        );\n      }\n\n      const filledPrompt = fillPrompt(prompt, {\n        categories: allCategories.join(\", \"),\n        transcript: chunk,\n      });\n\n      let rawResponse: string;\n      try {\n        rawResponse = await chatCompleteWithRetry({\n          model: opts.model,\n          content: filledPrompt,\n          temperature: OBSERVER_TEMPERATURE,\n          maxTokens: OBSERVER_MAX_TOKENS,\n          openai,\n          fallbackModels: opts.fallbackModels ?? [],\n          label: \"memory-hybrid: passive-observer\",\n          feature: CostFeature.passiveObserver,\n          timeoutMs: capTimeoutByMaintenanceRunDeadline(resolveMaintenanceChatTimeoutMs(opts.model)),\n          signal: getMaintenanceRunAbortSignal(),\n        });\n      } catch (err) {\n        logger.warn(`memory-hybrid: passive-observer — LLM failed for session ${sessionId}: ${err}`);\n        const retryAttempt = err instanceof LLMRetryError ? err.attemptNumber : 1;\n        capturePluginError(err instanceof Error ? err : new Error(String(err)), {\n          operation: \"passive-observer-llm\",\n          subsystem: \"passive-observer\",\n          retryAttempt,\n        });\n        result.errors++;\n        continue;\n      }\n\n      chunksSucceeded++;\n\n      const facts = parseObserverResponse(rawResponse, allCategories);\n      const filtered = facts.filter((f) => f.importance >= config.minImportance);\n      result.factsExtracted += filtered.length;\n\n      for (const fact of filtered) {\n        const storedText = prepareMemoryTextForStorage(fact.text, config.maxCharsPerChunk);\n        if (!storedText || !isSubstantiveMemoryText(storedText)) continue;\n        const storedCategory =\n          (prepareMemoryMetadataForStorage(fact.category) as MemoryCategory | undefined) ?? fact.category;\n        const identity = isIdentityFact(storedText, opts.agentName);\n\n        // Embed new fact for dedup check\n        let vec: number[];\n        try {\n          vec = await embeddings.embed(storedText);\n        } catch (err) {\n          logger.warn(\n            `memory-hybrid: passive-observer — embed failed for fact: ${storedText.slice(0, 80)}... (${err})`,\n          );\n          // AllEmbeddingProvidersFailed is expected when all providers are unavailable — don't report (#486)\n          if (!shouldSuppressEmbeddingError(err)) {\n            capturePluginError(err instanceof Error ? err : new Error(String(err)), {\n              operation: \"passive-observer-embed\",\n              severity: \"info\",\n              subsystem: \"passive-observer\",\n            });\n          }\n          result.errors++;\n          continue;\n        }\n\n        // Normalize the vector to ensure the L2-to-cosine conversion is valid.\n        // The conversion formula (1 / (1 + sqrt(2*(1-cosine)))) assumes unit-length vectors.\n        // While OpenAI embeddings are pre-normalized, Ollama and some other providers return\n        // unnormalized vectors, causing the L2 distance to be scaled by vector magnitude.\n        const normalizedVec = normalizeVector(vec);\n        const dedupScope = identity ? \"global\" : \"session\";\n        const dedupScopeTarget = identity ? null : sessionId;\n\n        // Dedup check via LanceDB ANN search — O(log n) instead of O(n*m) brute-force.\n        // Replaces the old recentVectors[] linear scan and eliminates the embedBatch()\n        // call on the recent-facts pool. LanceDB is the single source of truth.\n        let isDuplicate = false;\n        try {\n          const dupeResults = await vectorDb.search(normalizedVec, 1, similarityThreshold);\n          if (dupeResults.length > 0) {\n            const matchedId = dupeResults[0].entry.id;\n            const matched = matchedId ? factsDb.getById(matchedId) : null;\n            const nowSec = Math.floor(Date.now() / 1000);\n            const scopeMatches =\n              matched != null &&\n              matched.supersededAt == null &&\n              (matched.expiresAt == null || matched.expiresAt > nowSec) &&\n              (matched.scope ?? \"global\") === dedupScope &&\n              (dedupScope === \"global\" ? null : (matched.scopeTarget ?? null)) === dedupScopeTarget;\n            if (scopeMatches) {\n              isDuplicate = true;\n              // Confidence reinforcement: boost the matched fact instead of silently skipping (Issue #147)\n              if (reinforcementEnabled && !opts.dryRun) {\n                if (matchedId) {\n                  try {\n                    const boosted = factsDb.boostConfidence(matchedId, passiveBoost, maxConfidence);\n                    if (boosted) result.factsReinforced++;\n                  } catch {\n                    // Non-fatal — don't fail passive observer because of boost error\n                  }\n                }\n              }\n            }\n          }\n        } catch {\n          // On search failure, proceed without dedup — a few duplicates are acceptable\n        }\n\n        // Intra-batch dedup: check against facts stored/attempted in this run.\n        // In dry-run mode, vectorDb.store() is never called, so vectorDb.search() won't find\n        // facts extracted earlier in the same batch. In non-dry-run mode, if vectorDb.store()\n        // fails, the fact is in SQLite but not LanceDB, so vectorDb.search() also won't find it.\n        // Compare against dryRunVectors[] (dry-run) or recentVectors[] (non-dry-run) to ensure\n        // accurate intra-batch deduplication (Issue #499).\n        if (!isDuplicate) {\n          if (opts.dryRun) {\n            for (const recentVec of dryRunVectors) {\n              const cosineSim = dotProductSimilarity(normalizedVec, recentVec);\n              if (cosineSim >= cosineSimilarityThreshold) {\n                isDuplicate = true;\n                break;\n              }\n            }\n          } else {\n            for (const recent of recentVectors) {\n              const cosineSim = dotProductSimilarity(normalizedVec, recent.vector);\n              if (cosineSim >= cosineSimilarityThreshold) {\n                isDuplicate = true;\n                // Confidence reinforcement: boost the matched fact (Issue #147)\n                if (reinforcementEnabled) {\n                  try {\n                    const boosted = factsDb.boostConfidence(recent.factId, passiveBoost, maxConfidence);\n                    if (boosted) result.factsReinforced++;\n                  } catch {\n                    // Non-fatal — don't fail passive observer because of boost error\n                  }\n                }\n                break;\n              }\n            }\n          }\n        }\n\n        if (isDuplicate) continue;\n\n        if (opts.dryRun) {\n          logger.info(\n            `memory-hybrid: passive-observer [dry-run] would store: ${storedText.slice(0, 60)}... (importance=${fact.importance.toFixed(2)}, category=${storedCategory})`,\n          );\n          result.factsStored++;\n          dryRunVectors.push(normalizedVec);\n          continue;\n        }\n\n        // Write episodic event FIRST (Issue #150, Layer 1): record before factsDb so that if\n        // factsDb fails we still have the event record. If eventLog fails we continue to store\n        // the fact — event log unavailability must never block fact writes.\n        let eventId: string | null = null;\n        if (opts.eventLog) {\n          try {\n            eventId = opts.eventLog.append({\n              sessionId,\n              timestamp: nowIso(),\n              eventType: categoryToEventType(fact.category),\n              content: {\n                text: storedText,\n                category: storedCategory,\n                importance: fact.importance,\n                source: \"passive-observer\",\n              },\n            });\n          } catch {\n            // Non-fatal — event log write failure must never block fact storage\n          }\n        }\n\n        // Identity fact promotion (Issue #306): if this fact describes the agent itself,\n        // store it as global/permanent so it persists across sessions.\n        if (identity) {\n          logger.info(`passive-observer: promoting identity fact to global/permanent: \"${storedText.slice(0, 60)}...\"`);\n        }\n\n        const dedupWindow = opts.dedupWindowMinutes ?? 30;\n        const dedupInput = {\n          text: storedText,\n          entity: null,\n          key: null,\n          scope: dedupScope,\n          scopeTarget: dedupScopeTarget,\n        };\n\n        const txResult = runCaptureStoreWithDedupWindow(factsDb, dedupWindow, dedupInput, () =>\n          factsDb.storeWithResult({\n            text: storedText,\n            category: storedCategory,\n            importance: identity ? Math.max(fact.importance, 0.9) : fact.importance,\n            confidence: 0.6,\n            entity: null,\n            key: null,\n            value: null,\n            source: \"passive-observer\",\n            decayClass: identity ? \"permanent\" : \"session\",\n            scope: identity ? \"global\" : \"session\",\n            scopeTarget: identity ? undefined : sessionId,\n            tags: [\"passive-observer\"],\n            provenanceSession: sessionId,\n            extractionMethod: \"passive\",\n            extractionConfidence: fact.importance,\n          }),\n        );\n        if (txResult.skipped) {\n          continue;\n        }\n\n        const storeResult = txResult.storeResult!;\n        if (storeResult.skipped) {\n          continue;\n        }\n        if (storeResult.newlyStored === false && !storeResult.embeddingStale) {\n          continue;\n        }\n        const stored = storeResult.entry;\n        await cleanupEvictedVector({\n          vectorDb,\n          evictedFactId: storeResult.evictedFactId,\n          logger,\n          context: \"passive-observer\",\n        });\n\n        if (opts.provenanceService && storeResult.newlyStored) {\n          try {\n            opts.provenanceService.addEdge(stored.id, {\n              edgeType: \"DERIVED_FROM\",\n              sourceType: \"event_log\",\n              sourceId: eventId ?? sessionId,\n              sourceText: storedText,\n            });\n          } catch (err) {\n            capturePluginError(err instanceof Error ? err : new Error(String(err)), {\n              operation: \"passive-observer-provenance\",\n              subsystem: \"provenance\",\n              factId: stored.id,\n            });\n          }\n        }\n\n        // Contradiction detection (Issue #142): check for same entity+key with different value.\n        // For global/permanent identity facts, pass null scope so detection spans all scopes.\n        if (storeResult.newlyStored) {\n          factsDb.detectContradictions(stored.id, null, null, null, stored.scope ?? null, stored.scopeTarget ?? null);\n        }\n\n        // Store to LanceDB (use normalized vector for consistent L2 distance metric)\n        try {\n          const vectorText = storeResult.embeddingStale ? stored.text : fact.text;\n          const vectorForStore = storeResult.embeddingStale ? await embeddings.embed(stored.text) : normalizedVec;\n          await vectorDb.store({\n            text: vectorText,\n            vector: vectorForStore,\n            importance: identity ? Math.max(fact.importance, 0.9) : fact.importance,\n            category: fact.category,\n            id: stored.id,\n          });\n          factsDb.setEmbeddingModel(stored.id, embeddings.modelName);\n        } catch (err) {\n          logger.warn(`memory-hybrid: passive-observer vector store failed: ${err}`);\n          capturePluginError(err instanceof Error ? err : new Error(String(err)), {\n            operation: \"passive-observer-vector-store\",\n            subsystem: \"vector\",\n            factId: stored.id,\n          });\n        }\n\n        // Track vector for intra-batch dedup: whether vectorDb.store() succeeded or failed,\n        // add to recentVectors[] so subsequent identical facts in this batch are detected.\n        if (storeResult.newlyStored) {\n          recentVectors.push({ vector: normalizedVec, factId: stored.id });\n          result.factsStored++;\n        }\n      }\n    }\n\n    if (deadlineStopped) {\n      break;\n    }\n\n    // Advance cursor only when every attempted chunk in this segment succeeded (or there were none).\n    // Partial success must not advance — failed chunks would be skipped permanently.\n    if (chunksAttempted === 0 || chunksSucceeded === chunksAttempted) {\n      cursors[sessionId] = segmentEnd;\n      consecutiveFailures.delete(sessionId);\n      cursorsChanged = true;\n    } else if (chunksSucceeded === 0) {\n      const failures = (consecutiveFailures.get(sessionId) ?? 0) + 1;\n      consecutiveFailures.set(sessionId, failures);\n      if (failures >= 3) {\n        // Advance past the problematic content after 3 consecutive failures to prevent\n        // an infinite retry loop that wastes LLM tokens on permanently-bad session files.\n        logger.warn(\n          `memory-hybrid: passive-observer — advancing cursor for session ${sessionId} after ${failures} consecutive failures`,\n        );\n        cursors[sessionId] = segmentEnd;\n        consecutiveFailures.delete(sessionId);\n        cursorsChanged = true;\n      }\n    }\n  }\n\n  if (cursorsChanged) {\n    try {\n      await saveCursors(cursorsPath, cursors);\n    } catch (err) {\n      logger.warn(`memory-hybrid: passive-observer — failed to save cursors: ${err}`);\n      capturePluginError(err instanceof Error ? err : new Error(String(err)), {\n        operation: \"passive-observer-save-cursors\",\n        subsystem: \"passive-observer\",\n      });\n    }\n  }\n\n  return 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package/npm-shrinkwrap.json

@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 {
   "name": "openclaw-hybrid-memory",
-  "version": "2026.7.53",
+  "version": "2026.7.54",
   "lockfileVersion": 3,
   "requires": true,
   "packages": {
     "": {
       "name": "openclaw-hybrid-memory",
-      "version": "2026.7.53",
+      "version": "2026.7.54",
       "hasInstallScript": true,
       "dependencies": {
         "@lancedb/lancedb": "^0.30.0",

package/openclaw.plugin.json

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 {
   "id": "openclaw-hybrid-memory",
   "kind": "memory",
-  "version": "2026.7.53",
+  "version": "2026.7.54",
   "contracts": {
     "tools": [
       "active_task_checkpoint",

package/package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "openclaw-hybrid-memory",
-  "version": "2026.7.53",
+  "version": "2026.7.54",
   "type": "module",
   "description": "Give your OpenClaw agent lasting memory: structured facts, semantic search, auto-capture & recall, decay, optional credential vault. Part of Hybrid Memory v3.",
   "files": [

package/services/passive-observer.ts

@@ -602,6 +602,20 @@ export async function runPassiveObserver(
       if (!chunk.trim()) continue;
       chunksAttempted++;
       result.chunksProcessed++;
+      // Re-check the throttle here too, not just at the top of the session loop (#2032 follow-up):
+      // a single session with many chunks (each a full LLM round-trip via chatCompleteWithRetry
+      // plus an embedding call) can otherwise run for its entire duration between two per-session
+      // log lines, silently reproducing the "live run indistinguishable from a hung one" problem
+      // this progress logging was added to close.
+      const chunkProgressNowMs = Date.now();
+      if (chunkProgressNowMs - lastProgressLogMs >= PASSIVE_OBSERVER_PROGRESS_LOG_INTERVAL_MS) {
+        lastProgressLogMs = chunkProgressNowMs;
+        logger.info(
+          `memory-hybrid: passive-observer — progress: session ${sessionIdx + 1}/${sessions.length} (${sessionId}) ` +
+            `chunk ${chunksAttempted}/${chunks.length} chunksProcessed=${result.chunksProcessed} ` +
+            `factsExtracted=${result.factsExtracted} factsStored=${result.factsStored}`,
+        );
+      }
 
       const filledPrompt = fillPrompt(prompt, {
         categories: allCategories.join(", "),