observability-toolkit 1.8.4 → 2.0.0

package/dist/backends/local-jsonl-traces.test.js

@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@ import { describe, it, before, after, beforeEach } from 'node:test';
 import * as assert from 'node:assert';
 import * as path from 'path';
 import { LocalJsonlBackend } from './local-jsonl.js';
-import { getSharedTempDir, clearTempDir, removeSharedTempDir, writeJsonlFile, getTestDate } from '../test-helpers/file-utils.js';
+import { getSharedTempDir, clearTempDir, removeSharedTempDir, writeJsonlFileAsync, getTestDate } from '../test-helpers/file-utils.js';
+import { createMockSpan, createMockSpans, createDbSpan, resetBuilderCounters, } from '../test-helpers/test-data-builders.js';
 describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
     let tempDir;
     let backend;
@@ -30,7 +31,7 @@ describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
                     attributes: { 'custom.attr': 'value1' },
                 },
             ];
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
             const results = await backend.queryTraces({});
             assert.strictEqual(results.length, 1);
             assert.strictEqual(results[0].traceId, 'trace1');
@@ -42,24 +43,28 @@ describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
         });
         it('should filter spans by traceId', async () => {
             const today = getTestDate();
+            resetBuilderCounters();
+            // Use createMockSpan with explicit traceId overrides
             const mockSpans = [
-                { traceId: 'trace1', spanId: 'span1', name: 'op1', startTime: [1700000000, 0] },
-                { traceId: 'trace2', spanId: 'span2', name: 'op2', startTime: [1700000000, 0] },
-                { traceId: 'trace1', spanId: 'span3', name: 'op3', startTime: [1700000000, 0] },
+                createMockSpan({ traceId: 'trace1', spanId: 'span1', name: 'op1' }),
+                createMockSpan({ traceId: 'trace2', spanId: 'span2', name: 'op2' }),
+                createMockSpan({ traceId: 'trace1', spanId: 'span3', name: 'op3' }),
             ];
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
             const results = await backend.queryTraces({ traceId: 'trace1' });
             assert.strictEqual(results.length, 2);
             assert.ok(results.every(s => s.traceId === 'trace1'));
         });
         it('should filter spans by spanName substring', async () => {
             const today = getTestDate();
+            resetBuilderCounters();
+            // Use createMockSpan for simple spans with specific names
             const mockSpans = [
-                { traceId: 'trace1', spanId: 'span1', name: 'user-create', startTime: [1700000000, 0] },
-                { traceId: 'trace1', spanId: 'span2', name: 'user-update', startTime: [1700000000, 0] },
-                { traceId: 'trace1', spanId: 'span3', name: 'db-query', startTime: [1700000000, 0] },
+                createMockSpan({ traceId: 'trace1', name: 'user-create' }),
+                createMockSpan({ traceId: 'trace1', name: 'user-update' }),
+                createDbSpan('query', 'postgres', { traceId: 'trace1' }),
             ];
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
             const results = await backend.queryTraces({ spanName: 'user' });
             assert.strictEqual(results.length, 2);
             assert.ok(results.every(s => s.name.includes('user')));
@@ -89,7 +94,7 @@ describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
                     endTime: [1700000010, 0], // 10s
                 },
             ];
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
             const results = await backend.queryTraces({ minDurationMs: 1000, maxDurationMs: 5000 });
             assert.strictEqual(results.length, 1);
             assert.strictEqual(results[0].name, 'medium-op');
@@ -112,20 +117,21 @@ describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
                     resource: { serviceName: 'service-b' },
                 },
             ];
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
             const results = await backend.queryTraces({ serviceName: 'service-a' });
             assert.strictEqual(results.length, 1);
             assert.strictEqual(results[0].attributes?.['service.name'], 'service-a');
         });
         it('should apply limit and offset to results', async () => {
             const today = getTestDate();
-            const mockSpans = Array.from({ length: 150 }, (_, i) => ({
+            resetBuilderCounters();
+            // Use createMockSpans with dynamic overrides for indexed data
+            const mockSpans = createMockSpans(150, (i) => ({
                 traceId: `trace${i}`,
                 spanId: `span${i}`,
                 name: `op${i}`,
-                startTime: [1700000000, 0],
             }));
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
             const results = await backend.queryTraces({ limit: 50, offset: 25 });
             assert.strictEqual(results.length, 50);
             assert.strictEqual(results[0].traceId, 'trace25');
@@ -138,7 +144,7 @@ describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
                 { spanId: 'span3', name: 'op3', startTime: [1700000000, 0] }, // missing traceId
                 { traceId: 'trace4', name: 'op4', startTime: [1700000000, 0] }, // missing spanId
             ];
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
             const results = await backend.queryTraces({});
             assert.strictEqual(results.length, 1);
             assert.strictEqual(results[0].traceId, 'trace1');
@@ -154,7 +160,7 @@ describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
                     duration: [2, 500000000], // 2.5 seconds
                 },
             ];
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
             const results = await backend.queryTraces({});
             assert.strictEqual(results.length, 1);
             assert.strictEqual(results[0].durationMs, 2500);
@@ -166,7 +172,7 @@ describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
                 { traceId: 'trace2', spanId: 'span2', name: 'op2', kind: 1, startTime: [1700000000, 0] },
                 { traceId: 'trace3', spanId: 'span3', name: 'op3', kind: 2, startTime: [1700000000, 0] },
             ];
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
             const results = await backend.queryTraces({});
             assert.strictEqual(results[0].kind, 'INTERNAL');
             assert.strictEqual(results[1].kind, 'SERVER');
@@ -179,7 +185,7 @@ describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
                 { traceId: 'trace2', spanId: 'span2', name: 'op2', startTime: [1700000000, 0], status: { code: 1 } },
                 { traceId: 'trace3', spanId: 'span3', name: 'op3', startTime: [1700000000, 0], status: { code: 2, message: 'Test error' } },
             ];
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
             const results = await backend.queryTraces({});
             assert.strictEqual(results[0].statusCode, 'UNSET');
             assert.strictEqual(results[0].status?.code, 0);
@@ -194,7 +200,7 @@ describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
             const mockSpans = [
                 { traceId: 'trace1', spanId: 'span1', name: 'op1', startTime: [1700000000, 0] },
             ];
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
             const results = await backend.queryTraces({});
             assert.strictEqual(results[0].statusCode, undefined);
             assert.strictEqual(results[0].status, undefined);
@@ -229,7 +235,7 @@ describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
                     startTime: [1700000000, 0],
                 },
             ];
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
             const results = await backend.queryTraces({});
             assert.strictEqual(results.length, 3);
             // First span: full scope
@@ -279,7 +285,7 @@ describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
                     startTime: [1700000000, 0],
                 },
             ];
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
             const results = await backend.queryTraces({});
             assert.strictEqual(results.length, 3);
             // First span: multiple links
@@ -322,7 +328,7 @@ describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
                     ],
                 },
             ];
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
             const results = await backend.queryTraces({});
             assert.strictEqual(results.length, 1);
             // Only the valid link should be included
@@ -344,7 +350,7 @@ describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
                     ],
                 },
             ];
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
             const results = await backend.queryTraces({});
             assert.strictEqual(results.length, 1);
             assert.strictEqual(results[0].links, undefined);
@@ -379,7 +385,7 @@ describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
                     attributes: { 'hook.name': 'post-tool', 'mcp.server': 'webresearch' },
                 },
             ];
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
             const results = await backend.queryTraces({
                 attributeFilter: { 'hook.name': 'session-start' },
             });
@@ -411,7 +417,7 @@ describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
                     attributes: { 'mcp.server': 'webresearch', 'mcp.success': true },
                 },
             ];
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
             const results = await backend.queryTraces({
                 attributeFilter: { 'mcp.server': 'signoz', 'mcp.success': true },
             });
@@ -436,7 +442,7 @@ describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
                     attributes: { 'http.status_code': 500 },
                 },
             ];
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
             const results = await backend.queryTraces({
                 attributeFilter: { 'http.status_code': 200 },
             });
@@ -461,7 +467,7 @@ describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
                     attributes: { 'agent.is_background': false },
                 },
             ];
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
             const results = await backend.queryTraces({
                 attributeFilter: { 'agent.is_background': false },
             });
@@ -479,7 +485,7 @@ describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
                     attributes: { 'hook.name': 'session-start' },
                 },
             ];
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
             const results = await backend.queryTraces({
                 attributeFilter: { 'hook.name': 'nonexistent' },
             });
@@ -513,7 +519,7 @@ describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
                     attributes: { 'mcp.server': 'webresearch' },
                 },
             ];
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
             const results = await backend.queryTraces({
                 spanName: 'mcp',
                 minDurationMs: 1000,
@@ -529,7 +535,7 @@ describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
                 { traceId: 'trace2', spanId: 'span2', name: 'db-query', startTime: [1700000000, 0] },
                 { traceId: 'trace3', spanId: 'span3', name: 'http-response', startTime: [1700000000, 0] },
             ];
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
             const results = await backend.queryTraces({ excludeSpanName: 'http' });
             assert.strictEqual(results.length, 1);
             assert.strictEqual(results[0].name, 'db-query');
@@ -542,7 +548,7 @@ describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
                 { traceId: 'trace3', spanId: 'span3', name: 'mcp-call', startTime: [1700000000, 0] },
                 { traceId: 'trace4', spanId: 'span4', name: 'hook:pre-tool', startTime: [1700000000, 0] },
             ];
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
             // Match spans starting with 'hook:session'
             const results = await backend.queryTraces({ spanNameRegex: '^hook:session' });
             assert.strictEqual(results.length, 2);
@@ -557,7 +563,7 @@ describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
                 { traceId: 'trace3', spanId: 'span3', name: 'api-v1-orders-post', startTime: [1700000000, 0] },
                 { traceId: 'trace4', spanId: 'span4', name: 'internal-process', startTime: [1700000000, 0] },
             ];
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
             // Match spans with api-v[12]-.*-get pattern
             const results = await backend.queryTraces({ spanNameRegex: 'api-v[12]-.*-get' });
             assert.strictEqual(results.length, 2);
@@ -569,7 +575,7 @@ describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
             const mockSpans = [
                 { traceId: 'trace1', spanId: 'span1', name: 'test-span', startTime: [1700000000, 0] },
             ];
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
             // Invalid regex pattern - should be skipped (all spans returned)
             const results = await backend.queryTraces({ spanNameRegex: '[invalid(' });
             // Invalid regex is skipped, so all spans should be returned
@@ -584,7 +590,7 @@ describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
                 { traceId: 'trace3', spanId: 'span3', name: 'hook:session-start', startTime: [1700000000, 0] },
                 { traceId: 'trace4', spanId: 'span4', name: 'mcp-call', startTime: [1700000000, 0] },
             ];
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
             // spanName filters first (substring), then regex narrows down
             const results = await backend.queryTraces({
                 spanName: 'hook',
@@ -601,7 +607,7 @@ describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
                 { traceId: 'trace2', spanId: 'span2', name: 'hook:mcp-post-tool', startTime: [1700000000, 0] },
                 { traceId: 'trace3', spanId: 'span3', name: 'hook:session-start', startTime: [1700000000, 0] },
             ];
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
             // Regex matches all hook:mcp-*, exclude post-tool
             const results = await backend.queryTraces({
                 spanNameRegex: '^hook:mcp-',
@@ -635,7 +641,7 @@ describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
                     attributes: { 'db.system': 'postgres' }, // missing both
                 },
             ];
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
             const results = await backend.queryTraces({
                 attributeExists: ['http.method', 'http.status_code'],
             });
@@ -667,7 +673,7 @@ describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
                     attributes: { 'http.method': 'GET', 'error.type': 'network' },
                 },
             ];
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
             const results = await backend.queryTraces({
                 attributeNotExists: ['error.message', 'error.type'],
             });
@@ -681,7 +687,7 @@ describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
                 { traceId: 'trace2', spanId: 'span2', name: 'http-request-internal', startTime: [1700000000, 0] },
                 { traceId: 'trace3', spanId: 'span3', name: 'db-query', startTime: [1700000000, 0] },
             ];
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
             const results = await backend.queryTraces({
                 spanName: 'http',
                 excludeSpanName: 'internal',
@@ -714,7 +720,7 @@ describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
                     attributes: { 'http.method': 'GET' }, // missing status_code
                 },
             ];
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
             const results = await backend.queryTraces({
                 attributeFilter: { 'http.method': 'GET' },
                 attributeExists: ['http.status_code'],
@@ -747,7 +753,7 @@ describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
                     attributes: { 'http.status_code': 300 },
                 },
             ];
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
             const results = await backend.queryTraces({
                 numericFilter: [{ attribute: 'http.status_code', operator: 'gt', value: 299 }],
             });
@@ -773,7 +779,7 @@ describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
                     attributes: { 'http.status_code': 300 },
                 },
             ];
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
             const results = await backend.queryTraces({
                 numericFilter: [{ attribute: 'http.status_code', operator: 'gte', value: 300 }],
             });
@@ -798,7 +804,7 @@ describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
                     attributes: { 'http.status_code': 500 },
                 },
             ];
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
             const results = await backend.queryTraces({
                 numericFilter: [{ attribute: 'http.status_code', operator: 'lt', value: 300 }],
             });
@@ -823,7 +829,7 @@ describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
                     attributes: { 'http.status_code': 300 },
                 },
             ];
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
             const results = await backend.queryTraces({
                 numericFilter: [{ attribute: 'http.status_code', operator: 'lte', value: 200 }],
             });
@@ -848,7 +854,7 @@ describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
                     attributes: { 'http.status_code': 500 },
                 },
             ];
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
             const results = await backend.queryTraces({
                 numericFilter: [{ attribute: 'http.status_code', operator: 'eq', value: 200 }],
             });
@@ -880,7 +886,7 @@ describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
                     attributes: { 'http.status_code': 500, 'http.response_size': 100 },
                 },
             ];
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
             const results = await backend.queryTraces({
                 numericFilter: [
                     { attribute: 'http.status_code', operator: 'lt', value: 300 },
@@ -908,7 +914,7 @@ describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
                     attributes: { 'other.attr': 'value' }, // missing http.status_code
                 },
             ];
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
             const results = await backend.queryTraces({
                 numericFilter: [{ attribute: 'http.status_code', operator: 'gte', value: 100 }],
             });
@@ -933,7 +939,7 @@ describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
                     attributes: { 'http.status_code': '200' }, // string, not number
                 },
             ];
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
             const results = await backend.queryTraces({
                 numericFilter: [{ attribute: 'http.status_code', operator: 'eq', value: 200 }],
             });
@@ -965,7 +971,7 @@ describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
                     attributes: { 'http.status_code': 200, 'http.method': 'GET' },
                 },
             ];
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
             const results = await backend.queryTraces({
                 attributeFilter: { 'http.method': 'GET' },
                 numericFilter: [{ attribute: 'http.status_code', operator: 'gte', value: 400 }],
@@ -981,7 +987,7 @@ describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
                 { traceId: 'trace1', spanId: 'span1', name: 'op1', startTime: [1700000000, 0] },
                 { traceId: 'trace2', spanId: 'span2', name: 'op2', startTime: [1700000001, 0] },
             ];
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
             // Query should complete successfully with timing active
             const results = await backend.queryTraces({});
             assert.strictEqual(results.length, 2);
@@ -1004,7 +1010,7 @@ describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
                     },
                 },
             ];
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `llm-events-${today}.jsonl`), mockEvents);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `llm-events-${today}.jsonl`), mockEvents);
             const results = await backend.queryLLMEvents({});
             assert.strictEqual(results.length, 1);
             assert.strictEqual(results[0].name, 'llm.completion');
@@ -1019,7 +1025,7 @@ describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
                 { timestamp: '2026-01-28T10:01:00Z', name: 'llm.embedding', attributes: {} },
                 { timestamp: '2026-01-28T10:02:00Z', name: 'tool.execution', attributes: {} },
             ];
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `llm-events-${today}.jsonl`), mockEvents);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `llm-events-${today}.jsonl`), mockEvents);
             const results = await backend.queryLLMEvents({ eventName: 'llm' });
             assert.strictEqual(results.length, 2);
             assert.ok(results.every(e => e.name.includes('llm')));
@@ -1043,7 +1049,7 @@ describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
                     attributes: { model: 'claude-3-opus' }, // alternate attribute name
                 },
             ];
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `llm-events-${today}.jsonl`), mockEvents);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `llm-events-${today}.jsonl`), mockEvents);
             const results = await backend.queryLLMEvents({ model: 'claude-3-opus' });
             assert.strictEqual(results.length, 2);
         });
@@ -1066,7 +1072,7 @@ describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
                     attributes: { provider: 'anthropic' }, // alternate attribute name
                 },
             ];
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `llm-events-${today}.jsonl`), mockEvents);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `llm-events-${today}.jsonl`), mockEvents);
             const results = await backend.queryLLMEvents({ provider: 'anthropic' });
             assert.strictEqual(results.length, 2);
         });
@@ -1084,7 +1090,7 @@ describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
                     attributes: { prompt: 'Explain quantum computing' },
                 },
             ];
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `llm-events-${today}.jsonl`), mockEvents);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `llm-events-${today}.jsonl`), mockEvents);
             const results = await backend.queryLLMEvents({ search: 'fibonacci' });
             assert.strictEqual(results.length, 1);
             assert.strictEqual(results[0].attributes.prompt, 'Write a function to calculate fibonacci');
@@ -1095,7 +1101,7 @@ describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
                 { timestamp: '2026-01-28T10:00:00Z', name: 'llm.completion.streaming', attributes: {} },
                 { timestamp: '2026-01-28T10:01:00Z', name: 'llm.completion', attributes: {} },
             ];
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `llm-events-${today}.jsonl`), mockEvents);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `llm-events-${today}.jsonl`), mockEvents);
             const results = await backend.queryLLMEvents({ search: 'streaming' });
             assert.strictEqual(results.length, 1);
             assert.strictEqual(results[0].name, 'llm.completion.streaming');
@@ -1107,20 +1113,20 @@ describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
                 name: `event-${i}`,
                 attributes: { index: i },
             }));
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `llm-events-${today}.jsonl`), mockEvents);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `llm-events-${today}.jsonl`), mockEvents);
             const results = await backend.queryLLMEvents({ limit: 20, offset: 50 });
             assert.strictEqual(results.length, 20);
             assert.strictEqual(results[0].name, 'event-50');
         });
         it('should filter events by date range', async () => {
             // Create files for multiple dates
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, 'llm-events-2026-01-26.jsonl'), [
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, 'llm-events-2026-01-26.jsonl'), [
                 { timestamp: '2026-01-26T10:00:00Z', name: 'event-26', attributes: {} },
             ]);
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, 'llm-events-2026-01-27.jsonl'), [
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, 'llm-events-2026-01-27.jsonl'), [
                 { timestamp: '2026-01-27T10:00:00Z', name: 'event-27', attributes: {} },
             ]);
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, 'llm-events-2026-01-28.jsonl'), [
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, 'llm-events-2026-01-28.jsonl'), [
                 { timestamp: '2026-01-28T10:00:00Z', name: 'event-28', attributes: {} },
             ]);
             const results = await backend.queryLLMEvents({
@@ -1137,7 +1143,7 @@ describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
                 { timestamp: '2026-01-28T10:01:00Z', attributes: {} }, // missing name
                 { name: 'no-timestamp', attributes: {} }, // missing timestamp
             ];
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `llm-events-${today}.jsonl`), mockEvents);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `llm-events-${today}.jsonl`), mockEvents);
             const results = await backend.queryLLMEvents({});
             assert.strictEqual(results.length, 1);
             assert.strictEqual(results[0].name, 'valid-event');
@@ -1165,7 +1171,7 @@ describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
                     attributes: { 'gen_ai.request.model': 'claude-3-opus', 'gen_ai.system': 'anthropic' },
                 },
             ];
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `llm-events-${today}.jsonl`), mockEvents);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `llm-events-${today}.jsonl`), mockEvents);
             const results = await backend.queryLLMEvents({
                 eventName: 'completion',
                 model: 'claude-3-opus',
@@ -1198,7 +1204,7 @@ describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
                     attributes: { 'gen_ai.provider.name': 'other-provider' }, // should NOT match
                 },
             ];
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `llm-events-${today}.jsonl`), mockEvents);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `llm-events-${today}.jsonl`), mockEvents);
             const results = await backend.queryLLMEvents({ provider: 'anthropic-new' });
             assert.strictEqual(results.length, 3);
         });
@@ -1223,7 +1229,7 @@ describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
                     },
                 },
             ];
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `llm-events-${today}.jsonl`), mockEvents);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `llm-events-${today}.jsonl`), mockEvents);
             const results = await backend.queryLLMEvents({ provider: 'openai' });
             assert.strictEqual(results.length, 1);
             assert.strictEqual(results[0].attributes?.['gen_ai.request.model'], 'gpt-4o');
@@ -1256,7 +1262,7 @@ describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
                     },
                 },
             ];
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `llm-events-${today}.jsonl`), mockEvents);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `llm-events-${today}.jsonl`), mockEvents);
             const geminiResults = await backend.queryLLMEvents({ provider: 'gcp.gemini' });
             assert.strictEqual(geminiResults.length, 1);
             assert.strictEqual(geminiResults[0].attributes?.['gen_ai.request.model'], 'gemini-1.5-pro');
@@ -1283,7 +1289,7 @@ describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
                     },
                 },
             ];
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `llm-events-${today}.jsonl`), mockEvents);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `llm-events-${today}.jsonl`), mockEvents);
             const results = await backend.queryLLMEvents({ provider: 'mistral_ai' });
             assert.strictEqual(results.length, 1);
             assert.strictEqual(results[0].attributes?.['gen_ai.request.model'], 'mistral-large');
@@ -1308,7 +1314,7 @@ describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
                     },
                 },
             ];
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `llm-events-${today}.jsonl`), mockEvents);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `llm-events-${today}.jsonl`), mockEvents);
             const results = await backend.queryLLMEvents({ provider: 'aws.bedrock' });
             assert.strictEqual(results.length, 1);
             assert.ok(results[0].attributes?.['gen_ai.request.model']?.toString().includes('anthropic.claude'));
@@ -1333,7 +1339,7 @@ describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
                     },
                 },
             ];
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `llm-events-${today}.jsonl`), mockEvents);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `llm-events-${today}.jsonl`), mockEvents);
             const results = await backend.queryLLMEvents({ provider: 'cohere' });
             assert.strictEqual(results.length, 1);
             assert.strictEqual(results[0].attributes?.['gen_ai.request.model'], 'command-r-plus');
@@ -1358,7 +1364,7 @@ describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
                     },
                 },
             ];
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `llm-events-${today}.jsonl`), mockEvents);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `llm-events-${today}.jsonl`), mockEvents);
             const groqResults = await backend.queryLLMEvents({ provider: 'groq' });
             assert.strictEqual(groqResults.length, 1);
             assert.strictEqual(groqResults[0].attributes?.['gen_ai.request.model'], 'llama-3.3-70b');
@@ -1385,7 +1391,7 @@ describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
                     },
                 },
             ];
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `llm-events-${today}.jsonl`), mockEvents);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `llm-events-${today}.jsonl`), mockEvents);
             const results = await backend.queryLLMEvents({ provider: 'ollama' });
             assert.strictEqual(results.length, 1);
             assert.strictEqual(results[0].attributes?.['gen_ai.request.model'], 'llama3:8b');
@@ -1410,7 +1416,7 @@ describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
                     },
                 },
             ];
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `llm-events-${today}.jsonl`), mockEvents);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `llm-events-${today}.jsonl`), mockEvents);
             const results = await backend.queryLLMEvents({ provider: 'custom-internal-llm' });
             assert.strictEqual(results.length, 1);
             assert.strictEqual(results[0].attributes?.['gen_ai.request.model'], 'internal-model-v2');
@@ -1443,7 +1449,7 @@ describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
                     },
                 },
             ];
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `llm-events-${today}.jsonl`), mockEvents);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `llm-events-${today}.jsonl`), mockEvents);
             const results = await backend.queryLLMEvents({ provider: 'openai', model: 'gpt-4o' });
             assert.strictEqual(results.length, 1);
             assert.strictEqual(results[0].attributes?.['gen_ai.provider.name'], 'openai');
@@ -1461,7 +1467,7 @@ describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
                     },
                 },
             ];
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `llm-events-${today}.jsonl`), mockEvents);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `llm-events-${today}.jsonl`), mockEvents);
             const results = await backend.queryLLMEvents({ provider: 'nonexistent-provider' });
             assert.strictEqual(results.length, 0);
         });
@@ -1484,7 +1490,7 @@ describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
                     attributes: { 'gen_ai.operation.name': 'invoke_agent' },
                 },
             ];
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `llm-events-${today}.jsonl`), mockEvents);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `llm-events-${today}.jsonl`), mockEvents);
             const results = await backend.queryLLMEvents({ operationName: 'chat' });
             assert.strictEqual(results.length, 1);
             assert.strictEqual(results[0].name, 'llm.chat');
@@ -1508,7 +1514,7 @@ describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
                     attributes: { 'gen_ai.conversation.id': 'conv-abc123' },
                 },
             ];
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `llm-events-${today}.jsonl`), mockEvents);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `llm-events-${today}.jsonl`), mockEvents);
             const results = await backend.queryLLMEvents({ conversationId: 'conv-abc123' });
             assert.strictEqual(results.length, 2);
         });
@@ -1534,7 +1540,7 @@ describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
                     },
                 },
             ];
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `llm-events-${today}.jsonl`), mockEvents);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `llm-events-${today}.jsonl`), mockEvents);
             const results = await backend.queryLLMEvents({
                 operationName: 'chat',
                 conversationId: 'conv-abc123',
@@ -1563,7 +1569,7 @@ describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
                     attributes: { 'gen_ai.agent.id': 'agent-002' },
                 },
             ];
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
             const results = await backend.queryTraces({ agentId: 'agent-001' });
             assert.strictEqual(results.length, 1);
             assert.strictEqual(results[0].attributes?.['gen_ai.agent.id'], 'agent-001');
@@ -1586,7 +1592,7 @@ describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
                     attributes: { 'gen_ai.agent.name': 'Plan' },
                 },
             ];
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
             const results = await backend.queryTraces({ agentName: 'Explore' });
             assert.strictEqual(results.length, 1);
             assert.strictEqual(results[0].attributes?.['gen_ai.agent.name'], 'Explore');
@@ -1609,7 +1615,7 @@ describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
                     attributes: { 'gen_ai.tool.name': 'Write' },
                 },
             ];
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
             const results = await backend.queryTraces({ toolName: 'Read' });
             assert.strictEqual(results.length, 1);
             assert.strictEqual(results[0].attributes?.['gen_ai.tool.name'], 'Read');
@@ -1632,7 +1638,7 @@ describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
                     attributes: { 'gen_ai.tool.call.id': 'toolu_xyz789' },
                 },
             ];
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
             const results = await backend.queryTraces({ toolCallId: 'toolu_abc123' });
             assert.strictEqual(results.length, 1);
             assert.strictEqual(results[0].attributes?.['gen_ai.tool.call.id'], 'toolu_abc123');
@@ -1655,7 +1661,7 @@ describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
                     attributes: { 'gen_ai.tool.type': 'mcp' },
                 },
             ];
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
             const results = await backend.queryTraces({ toolType: 'function' });
             assert.strictEqual(results.length, 1);
             assert.strictEqual(results[0].attributes?.['gen_ai.tool.type'], 'function');
@@ -1678,7 +1684,7 @@ describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
                     attributes: { 'gen_ai.operation.name': 'execute_tool' },
                 },
             ];
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
             const results = await backend.queryTraces({ operationName: 'chat' });
             assert.strictEqual(results.length, 1);
             assert.strictEqual(results[0].attributes?.['gen_ai.operation.name'], 'chat');
@@ -1709,7 +1715,7 @@ describe('LocalJsonlBackend', () => {
                     },
                 },
             ];
-            writeJsonlFile(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
+            await writeJsonlFileAsync(path.join(tempDir, `traces-${today}.jsonl`), mockSpans);
             const results = await backend.queryTraces({
                 agentName: 'Explore',
                 toolName: 'Grep',